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Fang S, Li T, Zhang P, Liu C, Cong B, Liu S. Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analyses reveal the adaptation of Antarctic moss Pohlia nutans to drought stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:924162. [PMID: 36035699 PMCID: PMC9403716 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.924162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Most regions of the Antarctic continent are experiencing increased dryness due to global climate change. Mosses and lichens are the dominant vegetation of the ice-free areas of Antarctica. However, the molecular mechanisms of these Antarctic plants adapting to drought stress are less documented. Here, transcriptome and metabolome analyses were employed to reveal the responses of an Antarctic moss (Pohlia nutans subsp. LIU) to drought stress. We found that drought stress made the gametophytes turn yellow and curled, and enhanced the contents of malondialdehyde and proline, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Totally, 2,451 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were uncovered under drought treatment. The representative DEGs are mainly involved in ROS-scavenging and detoxification, flavonoid metabolism pathway, plant hormone signaling pathway, lipids metabolism pathway, transcription factors and signal-related genes. Meanwhile, a total of 354 differentially changed metabolites (DCMs) were detected in the metabolome analysis. Flavonoids and lipids were the most abundant metabolites and they accounted for 41.53% of the significantly changed metabolites. In addition, integrated transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed co-expression patterns of flavonoid and long-chain fatty acid biosynthesis genes and their metabolites. Finally, qPCR analysis demonstrated that the expression levels of stress-related genes were significantly increased. These genes included those involved in ABA signaling pathway (NCED3, PP2C, PYL, and SnAK2), jasmonate signaling pathway (AOC, AOS, JAZ, and OPR), flavonoid pathway (CHS, F3',5'H, F3H, FLS, FNS, and UFGT), antioxidant and detoxifying functions (POD, GSH-Px, Prx and DTX), and transcription factors (ERF and DREB). In summary, we speculated that P. nutans were highly dependent on ABA and jasmonate signaling pathways, ROS scavenging, flavonoids and fatty acid metabolism in response to drought stress. These findings present an important knowledge for assessing the impact of coastal climate change on Antarctic basal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Fang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, China
| | - Pengying Zhang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chenlin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, China
| | - Bailin Cong
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, China
- School of Advanced Manufacturing, Fuzhou University, Jinjiang, China
| | - Shenghao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, China
- School of Advanced Manufacturing, Fuzhou University, Jinjiang, China
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Nibau C, van de Koot W, Spiliotis D, Williams K, Kramaric T, Beckmann M, Mur L, Hiwatashi Y, Doonan JH. Molecular and physiological responses to desiccation indicate the abscisic acid pathway is conserved in the peat moss, Sphagnum. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:4576-4591. [PMID: 35383351 PMCID: PMC9291362 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mosses of the genus Sphagnum are the main components of peatlands, a major carbon-storing ecosystem. Changes in precipitation patterns are predicted to affect water relations in this ecosystem, but the effect of desiccation on the physiological and molecular processes in Sphagnum is still largely unexplored. Here we show that different Sphagnum species have differential physiological and molecular responses to desiccation but, surprisingly, this is not directly correlated with their position in relation to the water table. In addition, the expression of drought responsive genes is increased upon water withdrawal in all species. This increase in gene expression is accompanied by an increase in abscisic acid (ABA), supporting a role for ABA during desiccation responses in Sphagnum. Not only do ABA levels increase upon desiccation, but Sphagnum plants pre-treated with ABA display increased tolerance to desiccation, suggesting that ABA levels play a functional role in the response. In addition, many of the ABA signalling components are present in Sphagnum and we demonstrate, by complementation in Physcomitrium patens, that Sphagnum ABI3 is functionally conserved. The data presented here, therefore, support a conserved role for ABA in desiccation responses in Sphagnum.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Willem van de Koot
- National Plant Phenomics Centre, Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - Dominic Spiliotis
- National Plant Phenomics Centre, Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - Kevin Williams
- National Plant Phenomics Centre, Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - Tina Kramaric
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - Manfred Beckmann
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - Luis Mur
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - Yuji Hiwatashi
- School of Food Industrial Sciences, Miyagi University, Sendai, Japan
| | - John H Doonan
- National Plant Phenomics Centre, Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
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3
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Reboledo G, Agorio A, Ponce De León I. Moss transcription factors regulating development and defense responses to stress. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:4546-4561. [PMID: 35167679 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factors control gene expression, leading to regulation of biological processes that determine plant development and adaptation to the environment. Land colonization by plants occurred 450-470 million years ago and was accompanied by an increase in the complexity of transcriptional regulation associated to transcription factor gene expansions. AP2/ERF, bHLH, MYB, NAC, GRAS, and WRKY transcription factor families increased in land plants compared with algae. In angiosperms, they play crucial roles in regulating plant growth and responses to environmental stressors. However, less information is available in bryophytes and only in a few cases is the functional role of moss transcription factors in stress mechanisms known. In this review, we discuss current knowledge of the transcription factor families involved in development and defense responses to stress in mosses and other bryophytes. By exploring and analysing the Physcomitrium patens public database and published transcriptional profiles, we show that a high number of AP2/ERF, bHLH, MYB, NAC, GRAS, and WRKY genes are differentially expressed in response to abiotic stresses and during biotic interactions. Expression profiles together with a comprehensive analysis provide insights into relevant transcription factors involved in moss defenses, and hint at distinct and conserved biological roles between bryophytes and angiosperms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Reboledo
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Astrid Agorio
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Inés Ponce De León
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Morales-Sánchez JÁM, Mark K, Souza JPS, Niinemets Ü. Desiccation-rehydration measurements in bryophytes: current status and future insights. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:4338-4361. [PMID: 35536655 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Desiccation-rehydration experiments have been employed over the years to evaluate desiccation tolerance of bryophytes (Bryophyta, Marchantiophyta, and Anthocerotophyta). Researchers have applied a spectrum of protocols to induce desiccation and subsequent rehydration, and a wide variety of techniques have been used to study desiccation-dependent changes in bryophyte molecular, cellular, physiological, and structural traits, resulting in a multifaceted assortment of information that is challenging to synthesize. We analysed 337 desiccation-rehydration studies, providing information for 351 species, to identify the most frequent methods used, analyse the advances in desiccation studies over the years, and characterize the taxonomic representation of the species assessed. We observed certain similarities across methodologies, but the degree of convergence among the experimental protocols was surprisingly low. Out of 52 bryophyte orders, 40% have not been studied, and data are lacking for multiple remote or difficult to access locations. We conclude that for quantitative interspecific comparisons of desiccation tolerance, rigorous standardization of experimental protocols and measurement techniques, and simultaneous use of an array of experimental techniques are required for a mechanistic insight into the different traits modified in response to desiccation. New studies should also aim to fill gaps in taxonomic, ecological, and spatial coverage of bryophytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ángel M Morales-Sánchez
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Fr. R. Kreutzwaldi 5, Tartu 51006, Estonia
| | - Kristiina Mark
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Fr. R. Kreutzwaldi 5, Tartu 51006, Estonia
| | - João Paulo S Souza
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Fr. R. Kreutzwaldi 5, Tartu 51006, Estonia
| | - Ülo Niinemets
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Fr. R. Kreutzwaldi 5, Tartu 51006, Estonia
- Estonian Academy of Sciences, Kohtu 6, Tallinn 10130, Estonia
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Li H, Chang C. Evolutionary insight of plant cuticle biosynthesis in bryophytes. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2021; 16:1943921. [PMID: 34159883 PMCID: PMC8331034 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2021.1943921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As an adaptive innovation in plant terrestrialization, cuticle covers the plant surface and greatly contributes to the development and stress tolerance in land plants. Although past decades have seen great progress in understanding the molecular mechanism of cuticle biosynthesis in flowering plants with the contribution of cuticle biosynthesis mutants and advanced cuticle composition profiling techniques, origins and evolution of cuticle biosynthesis are poorly understood. Recent chemical, phylogenomic, and molecular genetic studies on cuticle biosynthesis in early-diverging extant land plant lineages, the bryophytes, shed novel light on the origins and evolution of plant cuticle biosynthesis. In this mini-review, we highlighted these recent advances in the molecular biology of cuticle biosynthesis in bryophytes, and provided evolutionary insights into plant cuticle biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Li
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Chang
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, P.R. China
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Martínez-Cortés T, Pomar F, Novo-Uzal E. Evolutionary Implications of a Peroxidase with High Affinity for Cinnamyl Alcohols from Physcomitrium patens, a Non-Vascular Plant. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10071476. [PMID: 34371679 PMCID: PMC8309402 DOI: 10.3390/plants10071476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Physcomitrium (Physcomitrella) patens is a bryophyte highly tolerant to different stresses, allowing survival when water supply is a limiting factor. This moss lacks a true vascular system, but it has evolved a primitive water-conducting system that contains lignin-like polyphenols. By means of a three-step protocol, including ammonium sulfate precipitation, adsorption chromatography on phenyl Sepharose and cationic exchange chromatography on SP Sepharose, we were able to purify and further characterize a novel class III peroxidase, PpaPrx19, upregulated upon salt and H2O2 treatments. This peroxidase, of a strongly basic nature, shows surprising homology to angiosperm peroxidases related to lignification, despite the lack of true lignins in P. patens cell walls. Moreover, PpaPrx19 shows catalytic and kinetic properties typical of angiosperm peroxidases involved in oxidation of monolignols, being able to efficiently use hydroxycinnamyl alcohols as substrates. Our results pinpoint the presence in P. patens of peroxidases that fulfill the requirements to be involved in the last step of lignin biosynthesis, predating the appearance of true lignin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Martínez-Cortés
- Grupo de Investigación en Biología Evolutiva, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain; (T.M.-C.); (F.P.)
| | - Federico Pomar
- Grupo de Investigación en Biología Evolutiva, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain; (T.M.-C.); (F.P.)
| | - Esther Novo-Uzal
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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Upadhyaya G, Das A, Basu C, Agarwal T, Basak C, Chakraborty C, Halder T, Basu G, Ray S. Multiple copies of a novel amphipathic α-helix forming segment in Physcomitrella patens dehydrin play a key role in abiotic stress mitigation. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100596. [PMID: 33781743 PMCID: PMC8100072 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants use a diverse set of proteins to mitigate various abiotic stresses. The intrinsically disordered protein dehydrin is an important member of this repertoire of proteins, characterized by a canonical amphipathic K-segment. It can also contain other stress-mitigating noncanonical segments—a likely reflection of the extremely diverse nature of abiotic stress encountered by plants. Among plants, the poikilohydric mosses have no inbuilt mechanism to prevent desiccation and therefore are likely to contain unique noncanonical stress-responsive motifs in their dehydrins. Here we report the recurring occurrence of a novel amphipathic helix-forming segment (D-segment: EGφφD(R/K)AKDAφ, where φ represents a hydrophobic residue) in Physcomitrella patens dehydrin (PpDHNA), a poikilohydric moss. NMR and CD spectroscopic experiments demonstrated the helix-forming tendency of the D-segment, with the shuffled D-segment as control. PpDHNA activity was shown to be size as well as D-segment dependent from in vitro, in vivo, and in planta studies using PpDHNA and various deletion mutants. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation studies showed that D-segment-mediated PpDHNA self-association is a requirement for stress abatement. The D-segment was also found to occur in two rehydrin proteins from Syntrichia ruralis, another poikilohydric plant like P. patens. Multiple occurrences of the D-segment in poikilohydric plant dehydrins/rehydrins, along with the experimental demonstration of the role of D-segment in stress abatement, implies that the D-segment mediates unique resurrection strategies, which may be employed by plant dehydrins that are capable of mitigating extreme stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gouranga Upadhyaya
- Plant Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Arup Das
- Plant Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Tanushree Agarwal
- Plant Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Chandra Basak
- Plant Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Chandrima Chakraborty
- Plant Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Tanmoy Halder
- Plant Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Gautam Basu
- Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Sudipta Ray
- Plant Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India.
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Peters K, Balcke G, Kleinenkuhnen N, Treutler H, Neumann S. Untargeted In Silico Compound Classification-A Novel Metabolomics Method to Assess the Chemodiversity in Bryophytes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063251. [PMID: 33806786 PMCID: PMC8005083 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In plant ecology, biochemical analyses of bryophytes and vascular plants are often conducted on dried herbarium specimen as species typically grow in distant and inaccessible locations. Here, we present an automated in silico compound classification framework to annotate metabolites using an untargeted data independent acquisition (DIA)–LC/MS–QToF-sequential windowed acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion mass spectra (SWATH) ecometabolomics analytical method. We perform a comparative investigation of the chemical diversity at the global level and the composition of metabolite families in ten different species of bryophytes using fresh samples collected on-site and dried specimen stored in a herbarium for half a year. Shannon and Pielou’s diversity indices, hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA), sparse partial least squares discriminant analysis (sPLS-DA), distance-based redundancy analysis (dbRDA), ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey honestly significant difference (HSD) test, and the Fisher’s exact test were used to determine differences in the richness and composition of metabolite families, with regard to herbarium conditions, ecological characteristics, and species. We functionally annotated metabolite families to biochemical processes related to the structural integrity of membranes and cell walls (proto-lignin, glycerophospholipids, carbohydrates), chemical defense (polyphenols, steroids), reactive oxygen species (ROS) protection (alkaloids, amino acids, flavonoids), nutrition (nitrogen- and phosphate-containing glycerophospholipids), and photosynthesis. Changes in the composition of metabolite families also explained variance related to ecological functioning like physiological adaptations of bryophytes to dry environments (proteins, peptides, flavonoids, terpenes), light availability (flavonoids, terpenes, carbohydrates), temperature (flavonoids), and biotic interactions (steroids, terpenes). The results from this study allow to construct chemical traits that can be attributed to biogeochemistry, habitat conditions, environmental changes and biotic interactions. Our classification framework accelerates the complex annotation process in metabolomics and can be used to simplify biochemical patterns. We show that compound classification is a powerful tool that allows to explore relationships in both molecular biology by “zooming in” and in ecology by “zooming out”. The insights revealed by our framework allow to construct new research hypotheses and to enable detailed follow-up studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian Peters
- Bioinformatics & Scientific Data, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; (H.T.); (S.N.)
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-345-5582-1475
| | - Gerd Balcke
- Cell and Metabolic Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany;
| | - Niklas Kleinenkuhnen
- Max Planck Research Group Chromatin and Ageing, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
- MS-Platform, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Botanical Institute (CEPLAS), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Hendrik Treutler
- Bioinformatics & Scientific Data, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; (H.T.); (S.N.)
- Datameer GmbH, Magdeburger Straße 23, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Steffen Neumann
- Bioinformatics & Scientific Data, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; (H.T.); (S.N.)
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Gómez-Arroyo S, Zavala-Sánchez MÁ, Alonso-Murillo CD, Cortés-Eslava J, Amador-Muñoz O, Jiménez-García LF, Morton-Bermea O. Moss (Hypnum amabile) as biomonitor of genotoxic damage and as bioaccumulator of atmospheric pollutants at five different sites of Mexico City and metropolitan area. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:9849-9863. [PMID: 33155117 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11441-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mexico City has been classified as one megacity, its altitude, thermal inversions, and high seasonal radiation are factors that prevent dispersion of pollutants, which effects are detrimental to health. Therefore, it is important to have an organism that allows evaluate the damage caused by such exposure, as is the case of mosses that obtain nutrients from the atmosphere; this property makes them excellent biomonitors to evaluate genotoxic damage caused by exposure to pollutants, in addition to its large accumulation capacity. For these reasons and to relate the effects of atmospheric pollution with a biological response, we propose to use the moss Hypnum amabile as a bioaccumulator of atmospheric pollutants and biomonitor of the genotoxic effect that the air pollution can induce it through the comet assay. Mosses were placed in five localities of Mexico City and the metropolitan area on the first days of each month of the dry (cold and warm) and rainy seasons, with a 30-day exposure, after which they were changed for a new sample (for 8 months). Each month, the moss exposed was collected and nuclei were isolated to perform comet assay. To demonstrate heavy metal bioaccumulation capacity, samples were observed in a transmission electron microscope and qualitative microanalysis by scanning electron microscopy was carried out parallel. The chemical analysis detected 14 heavy metals by mass spectrometry method with inductively coupled plasma source. Additionally, 22 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were also determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis test were performed to compare DNA damage of each station against control, which was maintained in the laboratory in a chamber with filtered air. This is the first study on the genotoxicity of mosses exposed to the atmosphere of Mexico City and metropolitan area that in addition to proving their accumulation capacity shows their ability to respond to atmospheric pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Gómez-Arroyo
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología y Mutagénesis Ambientales. Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Miguel Ángel Zavala-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología y Mutagénesis Ambientales. Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - César Damián Alonso-Murillo
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología y Mutagénesis Ambientales. Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Josefina Cortés-Eslava
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología y Mutagénesis Ambientales. Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Omar Amador-Muñoz
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología y Mutagénesis Ambientales. Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Felipe Jiménez-García
- Laboratorio de Microscopía Electrónica, Edificio Tlahuizcalpan, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ofelia Morton-Bermea
- Laboratorio de Geomagnetismo y Exploración Geofísica, Instituto de Geofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
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10
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Nandy S, Dey A. Bibenzyls and bisbybenzyls of bryophytic origin as promising source of novel therapeutics: pharmacology, synthesis and structure-activity. Daru 2020; 28:701-734. [PMID: 32803687 PMCID: PMC7429097 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-020-00341-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The amphibian, non-vascular, gametophyte-dominant, bio-indicator class, bryophytes; with their wide ranges of habitat have attained importance due to their promising medicinal attributions and therapeutic role; mostly aided by presence of aromatic bibenzyl and bisbybenzyl class of compounds. Bibenzyls are steroidal ethane derivatives, resembling the structural moiety of bioactive dihydro-stilbenoids or iso-quinoline alkaloids. These stress triggered secondary metabolites are the by-products of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway. Different classes of bryophytes (Bryophyta, Marchantiophyta and Anthocerotophyta) possess different subtypes of bibenzyls and dimeric bisbibenzyls. Among the liverwort, hornwort and mosses, former one is mostly enriched with bibenzyl type constituents as per the extensive study conducted for phytochemical deposit. Considering macrocyclic and acyclic group of bibenzyls and bisbybenzyls, generally marchantin type compounds are reported vividly for significant biological activity that includes neuro-nephro-cardio-protection besides anti-allergic, anti-microbial, anti-apoptotic and cytotoxic activities studied on in-vitro and in-vivo models or on cell lines. RESULT The critical analysis of reported chemical and pharmaceutical attributions of bibenzyls and bis-bibenzyls yielded detailed report on this compound class along with their application, mode of action, natural source, techniques of synthesis, extraction procedure, isolation and characterization. Further, the structure activity relationship studies and bioactivity of bibenzyls derived from non-bryophytic origin were also summarized. CONCLUSION This review encompasses prospective biological application of botanical reservoir of this primarily ignored, primeval land plant group where recent technical advances has paved the way for qualitative and quantitative isolation and estimation of novel compounds as well as marker components to study their impact on environment, as bio-control agents and as key leads in future drug designing. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samapika Nandy
- Research Scholar, Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, 700073 India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, 700073 India
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Agati G, Brunetti C, Fini A, Gori A, Guidi L, Landi M, Sebastiani F, Tattini M. Are Flavonoids Effective Antioxidants in Plants? Twenty Years of Our Investigation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1098. [PMID: 33182252 PMCID: PMC7695271 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Whether flavonoids play significant antioxidant roles in plants challenged by photooxidative stress of different origin has been largely debated over the last few decades. A critical review of the pertinent literature and our experimentation as well, based on a free-of-scale approach, support an important antioxidant function served by flavonoids in plants exposed to a wide range of environmental stressors, the significance of which increases with the severity of stress. On the other side, some questions need conclusive answers when the putative antioxidant functions of plant flavonoids are examined at the level of both the whole-cell and cellular organelles. This partly depends upon a conclusive, robust, and unbiased definition of "a plant antioxidant", which is still missing, and the need of considering the subcellular re-organization that occurs in plant cells in response to severe stress conditions. This likely makes our deterministic-based approach unsuitable to unveil the relevance of flavonoids as antioxidants in extremely complex biological systems, such as a plant cell exposed to an ever-changing stressful environment. This still poses open questions about how to measure the occurred antioxidant action of flavonoids. Our reasoning also evidences the need of contemporarily evaluating the changes in key primary and secondary components of the antioxidant defense network imposed by stress events of increasing severity to properly estimate the relevance of the antioxidant functions of flavonoids in an in planta situation. In turn, this calls for an in-depth analysis of the sub-cellular distribution of primary and secondary antioxidants to solve this still intricate matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Agati
- Institute of Applied Physics ‘Carrara’, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto F.no, I-50019 Florence, Italy;
| | - Cecilia Brunetti
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019, Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy; (C.B.); (F.S.)
| | - Alessio Fini
- Department of Agriculural and Environmental Sciences - Production, Landscape, Agroenergy, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, I-20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Antonella Gori
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, Viale delle Idee 30, Sesto F.no, I-50019 Florence, Italy;
| | - Lucia Guidi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, I-56124 Pisa, Italy; (L.G.); (M.L.)
| | - Marco Landi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, I-56124 Pisa, Italy; (L.G.); (M.L.)
| | - Federico Sebastiani
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019, Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy; (C.B.); (F.S.)
| | - Massimiliano Tattini
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019, Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy; (C.B.); (F.S.)
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12
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Ruibal C, Castro A, Fleitas AL, Quezada J, Quero G, Vidal S. A Chloroplast COR413 Protein From Physcomitrella patens Is Required for Growth Regulation Under High Light and ABA Responses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:845. [PMID: 32636864 PMCID: PMC7317016 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
COR413 genes belong to a poorly characterized group of plant-specific cold-regulated genes initially identified as part of the transcriptional activation machinery of plants during cold acclimation. They encode multispanning transmembrane proteins predicted to target the plasma membrane or the chloroplast inner membrane. Despite being ubiquitous throughout the plant kingdom, little is known about their biological function. In this study, we used reverse genetics to investigate the relevance of a predicted chloroplast localized COR413 protein (PpCOR413im) from the moss Physcomitrella patens in developmental and abiotic stress responses. Expression of PpCOR413im was strongly induced by abscisic acid (ABA) and by various environmental stimuli, including low temperature, hyperosmosis, salinity and high light. In vivo subcellular localization of PpCOR413im-GFP fusion protein revealed that this protein is localized in chloroplasts, confirming the in silico predictions. Loss-of-function mutants of PpCOR413im exhibited growth and developmental alterations such as growth retardation, reduced caulonema formation and hypersensitivity to ABA. Mutants also displayed altered photochemistry under various abiotic stresses, including dehydration and low temperature, and exhibited a dramatic growth inhibition upon exposure to high light. Disruption of PpCOR413im also caused altered chloroplast ultrastructure, increased ROS accumulation, and enhanced starch and sucrose levels under high light or after ABA treatment. In addition, loss of PpCOR413im affected both nuclear and chloroplast gene expression in response to ABA and high light, suggesting a role for this gene downstream of ABA in the regulation of growth and environmental stress responses. Developmental alterations exhibited by PpCOR413im knockout mutants had remarkable similarities to those exhibited by hxk1, a mutant lacking a major chloroplastic hexokinase, an enzyme involved in energy homeostasis. Based on these findings, we propose that PpCOR413im is involved in coordinating energy metabolism with ABA-mediated growth and developmental responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Ruibal
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Vegetal, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Alexandra Castro
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Vegetal, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Andrea L. Fleitas
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Vegetal, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Jorge Quezada
- Unidad de Biotecnología Vegetal, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Carrera de Biología – Facultad de Ciencias Puras y Naturales, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Gastón Quero
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Sabina Vidal
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Vegetal, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
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13
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The DEAD-box RNA helicase eIF4A regulates plant development and interacts with the hnRNP LIF2L1 in Physcomitrella patens. Mol Genet Genomics 2019; 295:373-389. [PMID: 31781862 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-019-01628-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
eIF4A is a RNA-stimulated ATPase and helicase. Besides its key role in regulating cap-dependent translation initiation in eukaryotes, it also performs specific functions in regulating cell cycle progression, plant growth and abiotic stress tolerance. Flowering plants encode three eIF4A paralogues, eIF4A1, eIF4A2 and eIF4A3 that share conserved sequence motifs but differ in functions. To date, however, no information is available on eIF4A in basal land plants. In this study we report that genome of the moss Physcomitrella patens encodes multiple eIF4A genes. The encoded proteins possess the highly conserved motifs characteristic of the DEAD box helicases. Spatial expression analysis shows these genes to be ubiquitously expressed in all tissue types with Pp3c6_1080V3.1 showing high expression in filamentous protonemata. Targeted deletion of conserved core motifs in Pp3c6_1080V3.1 slowed protonemata growth and resulted in dwarfing of leafy gametophores suggesting a role for Pp3c6_1080V3.1 in regulating cell division/elongation. Rapid and strong induction of Pp3c6_1080V3.1 under salt stress and slow recovery of knockout plants upon exposure to high salt further suggest Pp3c6_1080V3.1 to be involved in stress management in P. patens. Protein-protein interaction studies that show Pp3c6_1080V3.1 to interact with the Physcomitrella heterogenous ribonucleoprotein, LIF2L1, a transcriptional regulator of stress-responsive genes in Arabidopsis. The results presented in this study provide insight into evolutionary conserved functions of eIF4A and shed light on the novel link between eIF4A activities and stress mitigation pathways/RNA metabolic processes in P. patens.
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14
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Chemical Diversity and Classification of Secondary Metabolites in Nine Bryophyte Species. Metabolites 2019; 9:metabo9100222. [PMID: 31614655 PMCID: PMC6835487 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9100222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The central aim in ecometabolomics and chemical ecology is to pinpoint chemical features that explain molecular functioning. The greatest challenge is the identification of compounds due to the lack of constitutive reference spectra, the large number of completely unknown compounds, and bioinformatic methods to analyze the big data. In this study we present an interdisciplinary methodological framework that extends ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/ESI-QTOF-MS) with data-dependent acquisition (DDA-MS) and the automated in silico classification of fragment peaks into compound classes. We synthesize findings from a prior study that explored the influence of seasonal variations on the chemodiversity of secondary metabolites in nine bryophyte species. Here we reuse and extend the representative dataset with DDA-MS data. Hierarchical clustering, heatmaps, dbRDA, and ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey HSD were used to determine relationships of the study factors species, seasons, and ecological characteristics. The tested bryophytes showed species-specific metabolic responses to seasonal variations (50% vs. 5% of explained variation). Marchantia polymorpha, Plagiomnium undulatum, and Polytrichum strictum were biochemically most diverse and unique. Flavonoids and sesquiterpenoids were upregulated in all bryophytes in the growing seasons. We identified ecological functioning of compound classes indicating light protection (flavonoids), biotic and pathogen interactions (sesquiterpenoids, flavonoids), low temperature and desiccation tolerance (glycosides, sesquiterpenoids, anthocyanins, lactones), and moss growth supporting anatomic structures (few methoxyphenols and cinnamic acids as part of proto-lignin constituents). The reusable bioinformatic framework of this study can differentiate species based on automated compound classification. Our study allows detailed insights into the ecological roles of biochemical constituents of bryophytes with regard to seasonal variations. We demonstrate that compound classification can be improved with adding constitutive reference spectra to existing spectral libraries. We also show that generalization on compound classes improves our understanding of molecular ecological functioning and can be used to generate new research hypotheses.
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15
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Fleming MB, Hill LM, Walters C. The kinetics of ageing in dry-stored seeds: a comparison of viability loss and RNA degradation in unique legacy seed collections. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2019; 123:1133-1146. [PMID: 30566591 PMCID: PMC6613187 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcy217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Determining seed longevity by identifying chemical changes that precede, and may be linked to, seed mortality, is an important but difficult task. The standard assessment, germination proportion, reveals seed longevity by showing that germination proportion declines, but cannot be used to predict when germination will be significantly compromised. Assessment of molecular integrity, such as RNA integrity, may be more informative about changes in seed health that precede viability loss, and has been shown to be useful in soybean. METHODS A collection of seeds stored at 5 °C and 35-50 % relative humidity for 1-30 years was used to test how germination proportion and RNA integrity are affected by storage time. Similarly, a collection of seeds stored at temperatures from -12 to +32 °C for 59 years was used to manipulate ageing rate. RNA integrity was calculated using total RNA extracted from one to five seeds per sample, analysed on an Agilent Bioanalyzer. RESULTS Decreased RNA integrity was usually observed before viability loss. Correlation of RNA integrity with storage time or storage temperature was negative and significant for most species tested. Exceptions were watermelon, for which germination proportion and storage time were poorly correlated, and tomato, which showed electropherogram anomalies that affected RNA integrity number calculation. Temperature dependencies of ageing reactions were not significantly different across species or mode of detection. The overall correlation between germination proportion and RNA integrity, across all experiments, was positive and significant. CONCLUSIONS Changes in RNA integrity when ageing is asymptomatic can be used to predict onset of viability decline. RNA integrity appears to be a metric of seed ageing that is broadly applicable across species. Time and molecular mobility of the substrate affect both the progress of seed ageing and loss of RNA integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret B Fleming
- USDA-ARS, National Laboratory for Genetic Resource Preservation, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Lisa M Hill
- USDA-ARS, National Laboratory for Genetic Resource Preservation, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Christina Walters
- USDA-ARS, National Laboratory for Genetic Resource Preservation, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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16
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Johnston AN, Bruggeman JE, Beers AT, Beever EA, Christophersen RG, Ransom JI. Ecological consequences of anomalies in atmospheric moisture and snowpack. Ecology 2019; 100:e02638. [PMID: 30710338 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Although increased frequency of extreme-weather events is one of the most secure predictions associated with contemporary climate change, effects of such events on distribution and abundance of climate-sensitive species remain poorly understood. Montane ecosystems may be especially sensitive to extreme weather because of complex abiotic and biotic interactions that propagate from climate-driven reductions in snowpack. Snowpack not only protects subnivean biotas from extreme cold, but also influences forage availability through timing of melt-off and water availability. We related relative abundances of an alpine mammal, the American pika (Ochotona princeps), to measures of weather and snowpack dynamics over an 8-yr period that included before and after a year of record-low snowpack in Washington, USA. We sought to (1) quantify any change in pika abundance associated with the snowpack anomaly and (2) identify aspects of weather and snowpack that influenced abundance of pikas. Pikas showed a 1-yr lag response to the snowpack anomaly and exhibited marked declines in abundance at elevations below 1,400 m simultaneous with increased abundances at higher elevations. Atmospheric moisture, indexed by vapor pressure deficit (VPD), was especially important, evidenced by strong support for the top-ranked model that included the interaction of VPD with snowpack duration. Notably, our novel application of VPD from gridded climate data for analyses of animal abundances shows strong potential for improving species distribution models because VPD represents an important aspect of weather that influences the physiology and habitat of biota. Pikas were apparently affected by cold stress without snowpack at mid elevations, whereas changes to forage associated with snowpack and VPD were influential at high and low elevations. Our results reveal context dependency in pika responses to weather and illustrate how snow drought can lead to rapid change in the abundance of subnivean animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron N Johnston
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, 2327 University Way, Suite 2, Bozeman, Montana, 59715, USA.,School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195, USA
| | - Jason E Bruggeman
- Beartooth Wildlife Research, 4157 West 145th Street, Savage, Minnesota, 55378, USA.,Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, University of Minnesota, 200 Hodson Hall, 1980 Folwell Avenue, St. Paul, Minnesota, 55108, USA
| | - Aidan T Beers
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, 1900 Pleasant Street, UCB 334, Boulder, Colorado, 80302, USA.,Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, UCB 450, Boulder, Colorado, 80309, USA.,Department of Wildland Resources, Utah State University, 5230 Old Main Hill, NR 206, Logan, Utah, 84322, USA
| | - Erik A Beever
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, 2327 University Way, Suite 2, Bozeman, Montana, 59715, USA.,Department of Ecology, Montana State University, P.O. Box 173460, Bozeman, Montana, 59717, USA
| | - Roger G Christophersen
- National Park Service, North Cascades National Park Service Complex, 810 State Route 20, Sedro Woolley, Washington, 98284, USA
| | - Jason I Ransom
- National Park Service, North Cascades National Park Service Complex, 810 State Route 20, Sedro Woolley, Washington, 98284, USA
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17
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Arif MA, Hiss M, Tomek M, Busch H, Meyberg R, Tintelnot S, Reski R, Rensing SA, Frank W. ABA-Induced Vegetative Diaspore Formation in Physcomitrella patens. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:315. [PMID: 30941155 PMCID: PMC6433873 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) is a pivotal regulator of gene expression in response to various environmental stresses such as desiccation, salt and cold causing major changes in plant development and physiology. Here we show that in the moss Physcomitrella patens exogenous application of ABA triggers the formation of vegetative diaspores (brachycytes or brood cells) that enable plant survival in unfavorable environmental conditions. Such diaspores are round-shaped cells characterized by the loss of the central vacuole, due to an increased starch and lipid storage preparing these cells for growth upon suitable environmental conditions. To gain insights into the gene regulation underlying these developmental and physiological changes, we analyzed early transcriptome changes after 30, 60, and 180 min of ABA application and identified 1,030 differentially expressed genes. Among these, several groups can be linked to specific morphological and physiological changes during diaspore formation, such as genes involved in cell wall modifications. Furthermore, almost all members of ABA-dependent signaling and regulation were transcriptionally induced. Network analysis of transcription-associated genes revealed a large overlap of our study with ABA-dependent regulation in response to dehydration, cold stress, and UV-B light, indicating a fundamental function of ABA in diverse stress responses in moss. We also studied the evolutionary conservation of ABA-dependent regulation between moss and the seed plant Arabidopsis thaliana pointing to an early evolution of ABA-mediated stress adaptation during the conquest of the terrestrial habitat by plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Asif Arif
- Plant Molecular Cell Biology, Department Biology I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, LMU Biocenter, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Manuel Hiss
- Plant Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Marta Tomek
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hauke Busch
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Rabea Meyberg
- Plant Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Tintelnot
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Reski
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefan A. Rensing
- Plant Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Stefan A. Rensing, Wolfgang Frank,
| | - Wolfgang Frank
- Plant Molecular Cell Biology, Department Biology I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, LMU Biocenter, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- *Correspondence: Stefan A. Rensing, Wolfgang Frank,
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18
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Winnicka K, Melosik I, Wojciechowicz MK. Ultrastructure variations in Sphagnum denticulatum ecotypes in response to desiccation stress matter to conservation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 132:363-374. [PMID: 30268028 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Global warming and peat bogs drying are having a strong negative effect on the survival of endangered peat mosses. Here, we aimed to identify ultrastructural and physiological trait variation during dehydration and rehydration in the (sub-)meristematic cells of buds among clonally propagated individuals of Sphagnum denticulatum in relation to their ecological origin. We cultivated five clones in common garden conditions (CGCs) to exclude a carryover effect and we subsequently water-stressed (-40 MPa) and rehydrated (7 days) them. For the ultrastructure analysis, over 1280 measurements were recorded for 34 traits. Compared with the control, the treatment led to alterations in organelles that appeared to be ecotype- and genotype-dependent and characteristic for desiccation-sensitive mosses. Also, the recovery of chloroplasts, as measured by the initial and maximal fluorescence yield, were incomplete for all studied plants indicating desiccation sensitivity. Terrestrial genotypes possessed better recovery capability than did aquatic genotypes, suggesting an adaptation of the former to tolerate unpredictable terrestrial conditions in time and space. Genotype-specific requirements of water availability in the original environments should be considered before transplanting gametophytes for peatland restoration programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Winnicka
- Department of Genetics, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Iwona Melosik
- Department of Genetics, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.
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19
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Amagai A, Honda Y, Ishikawa S, Hara Y, Kuwamura M, Shinozawa A, Sugiyama N, Ishihama Y, Takezawa D, Sakata Y, Shinozaki K, Umezawa T. Phosphoproteomic profiling reveals ABA-responsive phosphosignaling pathways in Physcomitrella patens. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 94:699-708. [PMID: 29575231 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) and its signaling system are important for land plants to survive in terrestrial conditions. Here, we took a phosphoproteomic approach to elucidate the ABA signaling network in Physcomitrella patens, a model species of basal land plants. Our phosphoproteomic analysis detected 4630 phosphopeptides from wild-type P. patens and two ABA-responsive mutants, a disruptant of group-A type-2C protein phosphatase (PP2C; ppabi1a/b) and AR7, a defective mutant in ARK, identified as an upstream regulator of SnRK2. Quantitative analysis detected 143 ABA-responsive phosphopeptides in P. patens. The analysis indicated that SnRK2-mediated phosphorylation and target motifs were partially conserved in bryophytes. Our data demonstrate that the PpSnRK2B and AREB/ABF-type transcription factors are phosphorylated in vivo in response to ABA under the control of ARK. On the other hand, our data also revealed the following: (i) the entire ABA-responsive phosphoproteome in P. patens is quite diverse; (ii) P. patens PP2C affects additional pathways other than the known ABA signaling pathway; and (iii) ARK is mainly involved in ABA signaling. Taken together, we propose that the core ABA signaling pathway is essential in all land plants; however, some ABA-responsive phosphosignaling uniquely developed in bryophytes during the evolutionary process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Amagai
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Honda
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Shinnosuke Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Yurie Hara
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Mayuri Kuwamura
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan
| | - Akihisa Shinozawa
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Sugiyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida-Shimo-Adachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yasushi Ishihama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida-Shimo-Adachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takezawa
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama City, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
| | - Yoichi Sakata
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan
| | - Kazuo Shinozaki
- Gene Discovery Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
| | - Taishi Umezawa
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Gobancho, Chiyodaku, Tokyo, 102-0076, Japan
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20
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Profiling Abscisic Acid-Induced Changes in Fatty Acid Composition in Mosses. Methods Mol Biol 2017. [PMID: 28735405 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7136-7_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
In plants, change in lipid composition is a common response to various abiotic stresses. Lipid constituents of bryophytes are of particular interest as they differ from that of flowering plants. Unlike higher plants, mosses have high content of very long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Such lipids are considered to be important for survival of nonvascular plants. Here, using abscisic acid (ABA )-induced changes in lipid composition in Physcomitrella patens as an example, a protocol for total lipid extraction and quantification by gas chromatography (GC) coupled with flame ionization detector (FID) is described.
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21
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Li Q, Zhang X, Lv Q, Zhu D, Qiu T, Xu Y, Bao F, He Y, Hu Y. Physcomitrella Patens Dehydrins (PpDHNA and PpDHNC) Confer Salinity and Drought Tolerance to Transgenic Arabidopsis Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1316. [PMID: 28798765 PMCID: PMC5526925 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Dehydrins (DHNs) as a member of late-embryogenesis-abundant (LEA) proteins are involved in plant abiotic stress tolerance. Two dehydrins PpDHNA and PpDHNC were previously characterized from the moss Physcomitrella patens, which has been suggested to be an ideal model plant to study stress tolerance due to its adaptability to extreme environment. In this study, functions of these two genes were analyzed by heterologous expressions in Arabidopsis. Phenotype analysis revealed that overexpressing PpDHN dehydrin lines had stronger stress resistance than wild type and empty-vector control lines. These stress tolerance mainly due to the up-regulation of stress-related genes expression and mitigation to oxidative damage. The transgenic plants showed strong scavenging ability of reactive oxygen species(ROS), which was attributed to the enhancing of the content of antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Further analysis showed that the contents of chlorophyll and proline tended to be the appropriate level (close to non-stress environment) and the malondialdehyde (MDA) were repressed in these transgenic plants after exposure to stress. All these results suggest the PpDHNA and PpDHNC played a crucial role in response to drought and salt stress.
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Negin B, Moshelion M. The evolution of the role of ABA in the regulation of water-use efficiency: From biochemical mechanisms to stomatal conductance. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 251:82-89. [PMID: 27593466 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid is found in a wide variety of organisms. In the plant kingdom, ABA's role in mediating responses to abiotic stress has been conserved and enhanced throughout evolution. The emergence of plants to terrestrial environments required the development of mechanisms to cope with ongoing and severe abiotic stress such as drought and rapid changes in humidity and temperature. The common understanding is that terrestrial plants evolved strategies ranging from desiccation-tolerance mechanisms (mosses) to drought tolerance (CAM plants), to better exploit different ecological niches. In between these divergent water regulation strategies, ABA plays a significant role in managing plants' adaptation to new environments by optimizing water-use efficiency (WUE) under particular environmental conditions. ABA plays some very different roles in the regulation of WUE. ABA's role in the regulation of guard cells and transpiration has yielded a wide variety of WUE-regulation mechanisms, ranging from no sensitivity (ferns) to low sensitivity (anisohydric behavior) to hypersensitivity to ABA (isohydric behavior and putatively CAM plants). ABA also plays a role in the regulation of non-stomatal, biochemical mechanisms of WUE regulation. In angiosperms, this includes the control of osmotic adjustment and morphological changes, including changes in leaf size, stomatal density, stomatal size and root development. Under severe stress, ABA also appears to initiate leaf senescence via transcriptional regulation, to directly inhibit photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boaz Negin
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
| | - Menachem Moshelion
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
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Generating Targeted Gene Knockout Lines in Physcomitrella patens to Study Evolution of Stress-Responsive Mechanisms. Methods Mol Biol 2016. [PMID: 26867627 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3356-3_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
The moss Physcomitrella patens possesses highly efficient homologous recombination allowing targeted gene manipulations and displays many features of the early land plants including high tolerance to abiotic stresses. It is therefore an invaluable model organism for studies of gene functions and comparative studies of evolution of stress responses in plants. Here, we describe a method for generating targeted gene knockout lines in P. patens using a polyethylene glycol-mediated transformation of protoplasts including basic in vitro growth, propagation, and maintenance techniques.
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Pointing SB, Burkhard Büdel, Convey P, Gillman LN, Körner C, Leuzinger S, Vincent WF. Biogeography of photoautotrophs in the high polar biome. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:692. [PMID: 26442009 PMCID: PMC4566839 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The global latitudinal gradient in biodiversity weakens in the high polar biome and so an alternative explanation for distribution of Arctic and Antarctic photoautotrophs is required. Here we identify how temporal, microclimate and evolutionary drivers of biogeography are important, rather than the macroclimate features that drive plant diversity patterns elsewhere. High polar ecosystems are biologically unique, with a more central role for bryophytes, lichens and microbial photoautotrophs over that of vascular plants. Constraints on vascular plants arise mainly due to stature and ontogenetic barriers. Conversely non-vascular plant and microbial photoautotroph distribution is correlated with favorable microclimates and the capacity for poikilohydric dormancy. Contemporary distribution also depends on evolutionary history, with adaptive and dispersal traits as well as legacy influencing biogeography. We highlight the relevance of these findings to predicting future impacts on diversity of polar photoautotrophs and to the current status of plants in Arctic and Antarctic conservation policy frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen B. Pointing
- Institute for Applied Ecology New Zealand, School of Applied Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Burkhard Büdel
- Department of Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Peter Convey
- British Antarctic Survey, NERC, Cambridge, UK
- National Antarctic Research Centre, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Len N. Gillman
- Institute for Applied Ecology New Zealand, School of Applied Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Sebastian Leuzinger
- Institute for Applied Ecology New Zealand, School of Applied Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Warwick F. Vincent
- Centre d’\Études Nordiques and Département de Biologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
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Shinde S, Behpouri A, McElwain JC, Ng CKY. Genome-wide transcriptomic analysis of the effects of sub-ambient atmospheric oxygen and elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide levels on gametophytes of the moss, Physcomitrella patens. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:4001-12. [PMID: 25948702 PMCID: PMC4473992 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
It is widely accepted that atmospheric O2 has played a key role in the development of life on Earth, as evident from the coincidence between the rise of atmospheric O2 concentrations in the Precambrian and biological evolution. Additionally, it has also been suggested that low atmospheric O2 is one of the major drivers for at least two of the five mass-extinction events in the Phanerozoic. At the molecular level, our understanding of the responses of plants to sub-ambient O2 concentrations is largely confined to studies of the responses of underground organs, e.g. roots to hypoxic conditions. Oxygen deprivation often results in elevated CO2 levels, particularly under waterlogged conditions, due to slower gas diffusion in water compared to air. In this study, changes in the transcriptome of gametophytes of the moss Physcomitrella patens arising from exposure to sub-ambient O2 of 13% (oxygen deprivation) and elevated CO2 (1500 ppmV) were examined to further our understanding of the responses of lower plants to changes in atmospheric gaseous composition. Microarray analyses revealed that the expression of a large number of genes was affected under elevated CO2 (814 genes) and sub-ambient O2 conditions (576 genes). Intriguingly, the expression of comparatively fewer numbers of genes (411 genes) was affected under a combination of both sub-ambient O2 and elevated CO2 condition (low O2-high CO2). Overall, the results point towards the effects of atmospheric changes in CO2 and O2 on transcriptional reprogramming, photosynthetic regulation, carbon metabolism, and stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhas Shinde
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Ali Behpouri
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Jennifer C McElwain
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland UCD Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Carl K-Y Ng
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland UCD Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Zartman CE, Amaral JA, Figueiredo JN, de Sales Dambros C. Drought Impacts Survivorship and Reproductive Strategies of an Epiphyllous Leafy Liverwort in Central Amazonia. Biotropica 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charles E. Zartman
- Department of Biodiversity (CBIO); National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA); Av. André Araújo, 2936, C. P. 2223 CEP 69080-971 Petrópolis Manaus Amazonas Brazil
| | - July A. Amaral
- Department of Biodiversity (CBIO); National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA); Av. André Araújo, 2936, C. P. 2223 CEP 69080-971 Petrópolis Manaus Amazonas Brazil
| | - José N. Figueiredo
- Department of Biodiversity (CBIO); National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA); Av. André Araújo, 2936, C. P. 2223 CEP 69080-971 Petrópolis Manaus Amazonas Brazil
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D’Orso F, De Leonardis AM, Salvi S, Gadaleta A, Ruberti I, Cattivelli L, Morelli G, Mastrangelo AM. Conservation of AtTZF1, AtTZF2, and AtTZF3 homolog gene regulation by salt stress in evolutionarily distant plant species. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:394. [PMID: 26136754 PMCID: PMC4468379 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Arginine-rich tandem zinc-finger proteins (RR-TZF) participate in a wide range of plant developmental processes and adaptive responses to abiotic stress, such as cold, salt, and drought. This study investigates the conservation of the genes AtTZF1-5 at the level of their sequences and expression across plant species. The genomic sequences of the two RR-TZF genes TdTZF1-A and TdTZF1-B were isolated in durum wheat and assigned to chromosomes 3A and 3B, respectively. Sequence comparisons revealed that they encode proteins that are highly homologous to AtTZF1, AtTZF2, and AtTZF3. The expression profiles of these RR-TZF durum wheat and Arabidopsis proteins support a common function in the regulation of seed germination and responses to abiotic stress. In particular, analysis of plants with attenuated and overexpressed AtTZF3 indicate that AtTZF3 is a negative regulator of seed germination under conditions of salt stress. Finally, comparative sequence analyses establish that the RR-TZF genes are encoded by lower plants, including the bryophyte Physcomitrella patens and the alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The regulation of the Physcomitrella AtTZF1-2-3-like genes by salt stress strongly suggests that a subgroup of the RR-TZF proteins has a function that has been conserved throughout evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio D’Orso
- Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Council for Agricultural Research and EconomicsRome, Italy
| | - Anna M. De Leonardis
- Cereal Research Centre, Council for Agricultural Research and EconomicsFoggia, Italy
- Department of the Sciences of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of FoggiaFoggia, Italy
| | - Sergio Salvi
- Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Council for Agricultural Research and EconomicsRome, Italy
| | - Agata Gadaleta
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, “Aldo Moro” University of BariBari, Italy
| | - Ida Ruberti
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research CouncilRome, Italy
| | - Luigi Cattivelli
- Cereal Research Centre, Council for Agricultural Research and EconomicsFoggia, Italy
- Genomics Research Centre, Council for Agricultural Research and EconomicsFiorenzuola d’Arda, Italy
| | - Giorgio Morelli
- Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Council for Agricultural Research and EconomicsRome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Anna M. Mastrangelo, Cereal Research Centre, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, SS 16 Km 675, 71122 Foggia, Italy ; Giorgio Morelli, Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna M. Mastrangelo
- Cereal Research Centre, Council for Agricultural Research and EconomicsFoggia, Italy
- *Correspondence: Anna M. Mastrangelo, Cereal Research Centre, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, SS 16 Km 675, 71122 Foggia, Italy ; Giorgio Morelli, Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy
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Ali A, Ali Z, Quraishi UM, Kazi AG, Malik RN, Sher H, Mujeeb-Kazi A. Integrating Physiological and Genetic Approaches for Improving Drought Tolerance in Crops. EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES AND MANAGEMENT OF CROP STRESS TOLERANCE 2014. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800875-1.00014-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
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Ruibal C, Castro A, Carballo V, Szabados L, Vidal S. Recovery from heat, salt and osmotic stress in Physcomitrella patens requires a functional small heat shock protein PpHsp16.4. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2013; 13:174. [PMID: 24188413 PMCID: PMC4228350 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-13-174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant small heat shock proteins (sHsps) accumulate in response to various environmental stresses, including heat, drought, salt and oxidative stress. Numerous studies suggest a role for these proteins in stress tolerance by preventing stress-induced protein aggregation as well as by facilitating protein refolding by other chaperones. However, in vivo evidence for the involvement of sHsps in tolerance to different stress factors is still missing, mainly due to the lack of appropriate mutants in specific sHsp genes. RESULTS In this study we characterized the function of a sHsp in abiotic stress tolerance in the moss Physcomitrella patens, a model for primitive land plants. Using suppression subtractive hybridization, we isolated an abscisic acid-upregulated gene from P. patens encoding a 16.4 kDa cytosolic class II sHsp. PpHsp16.4 was also induced by salicylic acid, dithiothreitol (DTT) and by exposure to various stimuli, including osmotic and salt stress, but not by oxidative stress-inducing compounds. Expression of the gene was maintained upon stress relief, suggesting a role for this protein in the recovery stage. PpHsp16.4 is encoded by two identical genes arranged in tandem in the genome. Targeted disruption of both genes resulted in the inability of plants to recover from heat, salt and osmotic stress. In vivo localization studies revealed that PpHsp16.4 localized in cytosolic granules in the vicinity of chloroplasts under non stress conditions, suggesting possible distinct roles for this protein under stress and optimal growth. CONCLUSIONS We identified a member of the class II sHsp family that showed hormonal and abiotic stress gene regulation. Induction of the gene by DTT treatment suggests that damaged proteins may act as signals for the stress-induction of PpHsp16.4. The product of this gene was shown to localize in cytosolic granules near the chloroplasts, suggesting a role for the protein in association with these organelles. Our study provides the first direct genetic evidence for a role of a sHsp in osmotic and salt stress tolerance, and supports a function for this protein particularly during the stress recovery stage of P. patens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Ruibal
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, CP 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Alexandra Castro
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, CP 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Valentina Carballo
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, CP 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
- Current address: Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - László Szabados
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, Temésvari krt. 62, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Sabina Vidal
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, CP 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
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Shinde S, Shinde R, Downey F, Ng CKY. Abiotic stress-induced oscillations in steady-state transcript levels of Group 3 LEA protein genes in the moss, Physcomitrella patens. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2013; 8:e22535. [PMID: 23221763 PMCID: PMC3745561 DOI: 10.4161/psb.22535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Revised: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 10/12/2012] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The moss, Physcomitrella patens is a non-seed land plant belonging to early diverging lineages of land plants following colonization of land in the Ordovician period in Earth's history. Evidence suggests that mosses can be highly tolerant of abiotic stress. We showed previously that dehydration stress and abscisic acid treatments induced oscillations in steady-state levels of LEA (Late Embryogenesis Abundant) protein transcripts, and that removal of ABA resulted in rapid attenuation of oscillatory increases in transcript levels. Here, we show that other abiotic stresses like salt and osmotic stresses also induced oscillations in steady-state transcript levels and that the amplitudes of the oscillatory increases in steady-state transcript levels are reflective of the severity of the abiotic stress treatment. Together, our results suggest that oscillatory increases in transcript levels in response to abiotic stresses may be a general phenomenon in P. patens and that temporally dynamic increases in steady-state transcript levels may be important for adaptation to life in constantly fluctuating environmental conditions.
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Mir RR, Zaman-Allah M, Sreenivasulu N, Trethowan R, Varshney RK. Integrated genomics, physiology and breeding approaches for improving drought tolerance in crops. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2012; 125:625-45. [PMID: 22696006 PMCID: PMC3405239 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-012-1904-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Accepted: 05/18/2012] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the most serious production constraint for world agriculture and is projected to worsen with anticipated climate change. Inter-disciplinary scientists have been trying to understand and dissect the mechanisms of plant tolerance to drought stress using a variety of approaches; however, success has been limited. Modern genomics and genetic approaches coupled with advances in precise phenotyping and breeding methodologies are expected to more effectively unravel the genes and metabolic pathways that confer drought tolerance in crops. This article discusses the most recent advances in plant physiology for precision phenotyping of drought response, a vital step before implementing the genetic and molecular-physiological strategies to unravel the complex multilayered drought tolerance mechanism and further exploration using molecular breeding approaches for crop improvement. Emphasis has been given to molecular dissection of drought tolerance by QTL or gene discovery through linkage and association mapping, QTL cloning, candidate gene identification, transcriptomics and functional genomics. Molecular breeding approaches such as marker-assisted backcrossing, marker-assisted recurrent selection and genome-wide selection have been suggested to be integrated in crop improvement strategies to develop drought-tolerant cultivars that will enhance food security in the context of a changing and more variable climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyazul Rouf Mir
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Hyderabad, 502 324 India
- Division of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu (SKUAST-J), Chatha, Jammu, 180 009 India
| | - Mainassara Zaman-Allah
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Hyderabad, 502 324 India
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Maradi, BP 465, Maradi, Niger
| | - Nese Sreenivasulu
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466 Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Richard Trethowan
- Plant Breeding Institute, University of Sydney, PMB11, Camden, NSW 2570 Australia
| | - Rajeev K. Varshney
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Hyderabad, 502 324 India
- CGIAR-Generation Challenge Programme (GCP), c/o CIMMYT, Int APDO Postal 6-641, 06600 Mexico, DF Mexico
- School of Plant Biology (M084), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009 Australia
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Ruibal C, Salamó IP, Carballo V, Castro A, Bentancor M, Borsani O, Szabados L, Vidal S. Differential contribution of individual dehydrin genes from Physcomitrella patens to salt and osmotic stress tolerance. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2012; 190:89-102. [PMID: 22608523 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2012.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2011] [Revised: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 03/28/2012] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The moss Physcomitrella patens can withstand extreme environmental conditions including drought and salt stress. Tolerance to dehydration in mosses is thought to rely on efficient limitation of stress-induced cell damage and repair of cell injury upon stress relief. Dehydrin proteins (DHNs) are part of a conserved cell protecting mechanism in plants although their role in stress tolerance is not well understood. Four DHNs and two DHN-like proteins were identified in the predicted proteome of P. patens. Expression of PpDHNA and PpDHNB was induced by salt and osmotic stress and controlled by abscisic acid. Subcellular localization of the encoded proteins suggested that these dehydrins are localized in cytosol and accumulate near membranes during stress. Comparative analysis of dhnA and dhnB targeted knockout mutants of P. patens revealed that both genes play a role in cellular protection during salt and osmotic stress, although PpDHNA has a higher contribution to stress tolerance. Overexpression of PpDHNA and PpDHNB genes in transgenic Arabidopsis improved rosette and root growth in stress conditions, although PpDHNA was more efficient in this role. These results suggest that specific DHNs contribute considerably to the high stress tolerance of mosses and offer novel tools for genetic engineering stress tolerance of higher plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Ruibal
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, CP 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay.
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Tao Y, Zhang YM. Effects of leaf hair points of a desert moss on water retention and dew formation: implications for desiccation tolerance. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2012; 125:351-60. [PMID: 22089730 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-011-0449-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2011] [Accepted: 08/09/2011] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Leaf hair points (LHPs) are important morphological structures in many desiccation-tolerant mosses, but study of their functions has been limited. A desert moss, Syntrichia caninervis, was chosen for examination of the ecological effects of LHPs on water retention and dew formation at individual and population (patch) levels. Although LHPs were only 4.77% of shoot weight, they were able to increase absolute water content (AWC) by 24.87%. The AWC of samples with LHPs was always greater than for those without LHPs during dehydration. The accumulative evaporation ratio (AER) showed an opposite trend. AWC, evaporation ratio and AER of shoots with LHPs took 20 min longer to reach a completely dehydrated state than shoots without LHPs. At the population level, dew formation on moss crusts with LHPs was faster than on crusts without LHPs, and the former had higher daily and total dew amounts. LHPs were able to improve dew amounts on crusts by 10.26%. Following three simulated rainfall events (1, 3 and 6 mm), AERs from crusts with LHPs were always lower than from crusts without LHPs. LHPs can therefore significantly delay and reduce evaporation. We confirm that LHPs are important desiccation-tolerant features of S. caninervis at both individual and population levels. LHPs greatly aid moss crusts in adapting to arid conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Tao
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South Beijing Road 818, Urumqi 830011, China
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Inostroza-Blancheteau C, Reyes-Díaz M, Aquea F, Nunes-Nesi A, Alberdi M, Arce-Johnson P. Biochemical and molecular changes in response to aluminium-stress in highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2011; 49:1005-1012. [PMID: 21596576 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2011.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2011] [Accepted: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Aluminium (Al) stress is an important factor limiting crop yields in acid soils. Despite this, very little is known about the mechanisms of resistance to this stress in woody plants. To understand the mechanisms of Al-toxicity and response in blueberries, we compared the impact of Al-stress in Al-resistant and Al-sensitive genotypes using Vaccinium corymbosum L. (Ericaceae) as a plant model. We investigated the effect of Al-stress on the physiological performance, oxidative metabolism and expression of genes that encode antioxidant enzymes in two V. corymbosum cultivars maintained hydroponically with AlCl(3) (0 and 100 μM). Microscopic analyses of Al-treated root tips suggested a higher degree of Al-induced morphological injury in Bluegold (sensitive genotype) compared to Brigitta (resistant genotype). Furthermore, the results indicated that Brigitta had a greater ability to control oxidative stress under Al-toxicity, as reflected by enhancement of several antioxidative and physiological properties (radical scavenging activity: RSA, superoxide dismutase: SOD and catalase: CAT; maximum quantum yield: Fv/Fm, effective quantum yield: ФPSII, electron transport rate: ETR and non-photochemical quenching: NPQ). Finally, we analyzed the expression of genes homologous to GST and ALDH, which were identified in a global expression analysis. In the resistant genotype, the expression of these genes in response to Al-stress was greater in leaves than in roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Inostroza-Blancheteau
- Center of Plant, Soil Interaction and Natural Resources Biotechnology, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera, Av. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, Chile
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Li Y, Wang Z, Xu T, Tu W, Liu C, Zhang Y, Yang C. Reorganization of photosystem II is involved in the rapid photosynthetic recovery of desert moss Syntrichia caninervis upon rehydration. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2010; 167:1390-7. [PMID: 20719403 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2010.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2010] [Revised: 05/07/2010] [Accepted: 05/17/2010] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The moss Syntrichia caninervis (S. caninervis) is one of the dominant species in biological soil crusts of deserts. It has long been the focus of scientific research because of its ecological value. Moreover, S. caninervis has a special significance in biogenesis research because it is characterized by its fast restoration of photosynthesis upon onset of rehydration of the desiccated organism. In order to study the mechanisms of rapid photosynthetic recovery in mosses upon rewatering, we investigated the kinetics of the recovery process of photosynthetic activity in photosystem (PS) II, with an indirect assessment of the photochemical processes based on chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence measurements. Our results showed that recovery can be divided into two phases. The fast initial phase, completed within 3 min, was characterized by a quick increase in maximal quantum efficiency of PSII (F(v)/F(m)). Over 50% of the PSII activities, including excitation energy transfer, oxygen evolution, charge separation, and electron transport, recovered within 0.5 min after rehydration. The second, slow phase was dominated by the increase of plastoquinone (PQ) reduction and the equilibrium of the energy transport from the inner antenna to the reaction center (RC) of PSII. Analysis of the recovery process in the presence of 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethyl urea (DCMU) revealed that blocking the electron transport from Q(A) to Q(B) did not hamper Chl synthesis or Chl organization in thylakoid membranes under light conditions. A de novo chloroplast protein synthesis was not necessary for the initial recovery of photochemical activity in PSII. In conclusion, the moss's ability for rapid recovery upon rehydration is related to Chl synthesis, quick structural reorganization of PSII, and fast restoration of PSII activity without de novo chloroplast protein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
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Stumpe M, Göbel C, Faltin B, Beike AK, Hause B, Himmelsbach K, Bode J, Kramell R, Wasternack C, Frank W, Reski R, Feussner I. The moss Physcomitrella patens contains cyclopentenones but no jasmonates: mutations in allene oxide cyclase lead to reduced fertility and altered sporophyte morphology. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2010; 188:740-9. [PMID: 20704658 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03406.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
• Two cDNAs encoding allene oxide cyclases (PpAOC1, PpAOC2), key enzymes in the formation of jasmonic acid (JA) and its precursor (9S,13S)-12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (cis-(+)-OPDA), were isolated from the moss Physcomitrella patens. • Recombinant PpAOC1 and PpAOC2 show substrate specificity against the allene oxide derived from 13-hydroperoxy linolenic acid (13-HPOTE); PpAOC2 also shows substrate specificity against the allene oxide derived from 12-hydroperoxy arachidonic acid (12-HPETE). • In protonema and gametophores the occurrence of cis-(+)-OPDA, but neither JA nor the isoleucine conjugate of JA nor that of cis-(+)-OPDA was detected. • Targeted knockout mutants for PpAOC1 and for PpAOC2 were generated, while double mutants could not be obtained. The ΔPpAOC1 and ΔPpAOC2 mutants showed reduced fertility, aberrant sporophyte morphology and interrupted sporogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Stumpe
- Georg-August-University, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute, Plant Biochemistry, Göttingen, Germany
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Yang S, Vanderbeld B, Wan J, Huang Y. Narrowing down the targets: towards successful genetic engineering of drought-tolerant crops. MOLECULAR PLANT 2010; 3:469-90. [PMID: 20507936 DOI: 10.1093/mp/ssq016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Drought is the most important environmental stress affecting agriculture worldwide. Exploiting yield potential and maintaining yield stability of crops in water-limited environments are urgent tasks that must be undertaken in order to guarantee food supply for the increasing world population. Tremendous efforts have been devoted to identifying key regulators in plant drought response through genetic, molecular, and biochemical studies using, in most cases, the model species Arabidopsis thaliana. However, only a small portion of these regulators have been explored as potential candidate genes for their application in the improvement of drought tolerance in crops. Based on biological functions, these genes can be classified into the following three categories: (1) stress-responsive transcriptional regulation (e.g. DREB1, AREB, NF-YB); (2) post-transcriptional RNA or protein modifications such as phosphorylation/dephosphorylation (e.g. SnRK2, ABI1) and farnesylation (e.g. ERA1); and (3) osomoprotectant metabolism or molecular chaperones (e.g. CspB). While continuing down the path to discovery of new target genes, serious efforts are also focused on fine-tuning the expression of the known candidate genes for stress tolerance in specific temporal and spatial patterns to avoid negative effects in plant growth and development. These efforts are starting to bear fruit by showing yield improvements in several crops under a variety of water-deprivation conditions. As most such evaluations have been performed under controlled growth environments, a gap still remains between early success in the laboratory and the application of these techniques to the elite cultivars of staple crops in the field. Nevertheless, significant progress has been made in the identification of signaling pathways and master regulators for drought tolerance. The knowledge acquired will facilitate the genetic engineering of single or multiple targets and quantitative trait loci in key crops to create commercial-grade cultivars with high-yielding potential under both optimal and suboptimal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujun Yang
- Performance Plants Inc., 700 Gardiners Road, Kingston, Ontario, K7M 3X9, Canada
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