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Amin N, Abbasi IN, Wu F, Shi Z, Sundus J, Badry A, Yuan X, Zhao BX, Pan J, Mi XD, Luo Y, Geng Y, Fang M. The Janus face of HIF-1α in ischemic stroke and the possible associated pathways. Neurochem Int 2024; 177:105747. [PMID: 38657682 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Stroke is the most devastating disease, causing paralysis and eventually death. Many clinical and experimental trials have been done in search of a new safe and efficient medicine; nevertheless, scientists have yet to discover successful remedies that are also free of adverse effects. This is owing to the variability in intensity, localization, medication routes, and each patient's immune system reaction. HIF-1α represents the modern tool employed to treat stroke diseases due to its functions: downstream genes such as glucose metabolism, angiogenesis, erythropoiesis, and cell survival. Its role can be achieved via two downstream EPO and VEGF strongly related to apoptosis and antioxidant processes. Recently, scientists paid more attention to drugs dealing with the HIF-1 pathway. This review focuses on medicines used for ischemia treatment and their potential HIF-1α pathways. Furthermore, we discussed the interaction between HIF-1α and other biological pathways such as oxidative stress; however, a spotlight has been focused on certain potential signalling contributed to the HIF-1α pathway. HIF-1α is an essential regulator of oxygen balance within cells which affects and controls the expression of thousands of genes related to sustaining homeostasis as oxygen levels fluctuate. HIF-1α's role in ischemic stroke strongly depends on the duration and severity of brain damage after onset. HIF-1α remains difficult to investigate, particularly in ischemic stroke, due to alterations in the acute and chronic phases of the disease, as well as discrepancies between the penumbra and ischemic core. This review emphasizes these contrasts and analyzes the future of this intriguing and demanding field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashwa Amin
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Egypt; Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Irum Naz Abbasi
- Institute of Systemic Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Wu
- Institute of Systemic Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zongjie Shi
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Javaria Sundus
- Institute of Systemic Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Azhar Badry
- Institute of Systemic Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xia Yuan
- Institute of Systemic Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bing-Xin Zhao
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Jie Pan
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Mi
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Rehabilitation & Sports Medicine Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuhuan Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Geng
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Marong Fang
- Institute of Systemic Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China.
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2
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Saika A, Nagatake T, Kishino S, Kitamura N, Honda T, Hosomi K, Tiwari P, Node E, Kawai S, Kondo S, Ishida K, Kabashima K, Ogawa J, Kunisawa J. The omega-3 postbiotic trans-10- cis-15-octadecadienoic acid attenuates contact hypersensitivity in mice through downregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor A. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1355679. [PMID: 38841110 PMCID: PMC11151274 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1355679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Intestinal bacteria metabolize dietary substances to produce bioactive postbiotics, among which some are recognized for their role in promoting host health. We here explored the postbiotic potential of two omega-3 α-linolenic acid-derived metabolites: trans-10-cis-15-octadecadienoic acid (t10,c15-18:2) and cis-9-cis-15-octadecadienoic acid (c9,c15-18:2). Dietary intake of lipids rich in omega-3 α-linolenic acid elevated levels of t10,c15-18:2 and c9,c15-18:2 in the serum and feces of mice, an effect dependent on the presence of intestinal bacteria. Notably, t10,c15-18:2 mitigated skin inflammation in mice that became hypersensitive after exposure to 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene, an experimental model for allergic contact dermatitis. In particular, t10,c15-18:2-but not c9,c15-18:2-attenuated ear swelling and edema, characteristic symptoms of contact hypersensitivity. The anti-inflammatory effects of t10,c15-18:2 were due to its ability to suppress the release of vascular endothelial growth factor A from keratinocytes, thereby mitigating the enhanced vascular permeability induced by hapten stimulation. Our study identified retinoid X receptor as a functional receptor that mediates the downregulation of skin inflammation upon treatment with t10,c15-18:2. Our results suggest that t10,c15-18:2 holds promise as an omega-3 fatty acid-derived postbiotic with potential therapeutic implications for alleviating the skin edema seen in allergic contact dermatitis-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azusa Saika
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Ibaraki, Japan
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Takahiro Nagatake
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Ibaraki, Japan
- Laboratory of Functional Anatomy, Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Kishino
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nahoko Kitamura
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Honda
- Department of Dermatology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Koji Hosomi
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Prabha Tiwari
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eri Node
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Soichiro Kawai
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Saki Kondo
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kei Ishida
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Ibaraki, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jun Ogawa
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jun Kunisawa
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Ibaraki, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Graduate School of Dentistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
- Research Organization for Nano and Life Innovation, Waseda University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
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3
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Lin P, Cao W, Chen X, Zhang N, Xing Y, Yang N. Role of mRNA-binding proteins in retinal neovascularization. Exp Eye Res 2024; 242:109870. [PMID: 38514023 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.109870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Retinal neovascularization (RNV) is a pathological process that primarily occurs in diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity, and retinal vein occlusion. It is a common yet debilitating clinical condition that culminates in blindness. Urgent efforts are required to explore more efficient and less limiting therapeutic strategies. Key RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), crucial for post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression by binding to RNAs, are closely correlated with RNV development. RBP-RNA interactions are altered during RNV. Here, we briefly review the characteristics and functions of RBPs, and the mechanism of RNV. Then, we present insights into the role of the regulatory network of RBPs in RNV. HuR, eIF4E, LIN28B, SRSF1, METTL3, YTHDF1, Gal-1, HIWI1, and ZFR accelerate RNV progression, whereas YTHDF2 and hnRNPA2B1 hinder it. The mechanisms elucidated in this review provide a reference to guide the design of therapeutic strategies to reverse abnormal processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road #238, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
| | - Wenye Cao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road #238, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road #238, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
| | - Ningzhi Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road #238, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
| | - Yiqiao Xing
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road #238, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Aier Eye Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, China.
| | - Ning Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road #238, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
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4
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Seo N, Guan X, Wang T, Chung HSH, Wikström M, Padaki R, Kalenian K, Kuhns S, Matthies K, Crouse-Zeineddini J, Wong HY, Ng M, Foltz IN, Cao S, Liu J. Analytical and Functional Similarity of Aflibercept Biosimilar ABP 938 with Aflibercept Reference Product. Ophthalmol Ther 2024; 13:1303-1320. [PMID: 38507189 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-024-00914-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION ABP 938 is being developed as a biosimilar candidate to aflibercept reference product (RP), a biologic used for certain angiogenic eye disorders. This study was designed to provide a comparative analytical assessment of the structural and functional attributes of ABP 938 and aflibercept RP sourced from the United States (US) and the European Union (EU). METHODS Structural and functional characterization studies were performed using state-of-the-art analytical techniques that were appropriate to assess relevant quality attributes and capable of detecting qualitative and quantitative differences in primary structure, higher-order structure and biophysical properties, product-related substances and impurities, general properties, and biological activities. RESULTS ABP 938 had the same amino acid sequence and exhibited similar secondary and tertiary structures, and biological activity as aflibercept RP. There were minor differences in a small number of biochemical attributes which are not expected to impact clinical performance. In addition, aflibercept RP sourced from the US and EU were analytically similar. CONCLUSIONS ABP 938 was structurally and functionally similar to aflibercept RP. Since aflibercept RP sourced from the US and EU were analytically similar, this allows for the development of a scientific bridge such that a single-source RP can be used in nonclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neungseon Seo
- Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320-1799, USA.
| | - Xiaoyan Guan
- Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320-1799, USA
| | - Tian Wang
- Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320-1799, USA
| | - Hyo S Helen Chung
- Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320-1799, USA
| | - Mats Wikström
- Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320-1799, USA
| | - Rupa Padaki
- Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320-1799, USA
| | - Kevin Kalenian
- Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320-1799, USA
| | - Scott Kuhns
- Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320-1799, USA
| | - Kelli Matthies
- Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320-1799, USA
| | | | - Helen Y Wong
- Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320-1799, USA
| | - Michael Ng
- Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320-1799, USA
| | - Ian N Foltz
- Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320-1799, USA
| | - Shawn Cao
- Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320-1799, USA
| | - Jennifer Liu
- Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320-1799, USA
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5
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Sansone L, Barreca F, Belli M, Aventaggiato M, Russo A, Perrone GA, Russo MA, Tafani M, Frustaci A. Infertility in Fabry's Disease: role of hypoxia and inflammation in determining testicular damage. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1340188. [PMID: 38455658 PMCID: PMC10917934 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1340188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Fabry's disease (FD) is a genetic X-linked systemic and progressive rare disease characterized by the accumulation of globotriaosylceramide (GB3) into the lysosomes of many tissues. FD is due to loss-of-function mutations of α-galactosidase, a key-enzyme for lysosomal catabolism of glycosphingolipids, which accumulate as glycolipid bodies (GB). In homozygous males the progressive deposition of GB3 into the cells leads to clinical symptoms in CNS, skin, kidney, etc. In testis GB accumulation causes infertility and alterations of spermatogenesis. However, the precise damaging mechanism is still unknown. Our hypothesis is that GB accumulation reduces blood vessel lumen and increases the distance of vessels from both stromal cells and seminiferous parenchyma; this, in turn, impairs oxygen and nutrients diffusion leading to subcellular degradation of seminiferous epithelium and sterility. Methods To test this hypothesis, we have studied a 42-year-old patient presenting a severe FD and infertility, with reduced number of spermatozoa, but preserved sexual activity. Testicular biopsies were analyzed by optical (OM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Activation and cellular localization of HIF-1α and NFκB was analyzed by immunofluorescence (IF) and RT-PCR on homogeneous tissue fractions after laser capture microdissection (LCMD). Results OM and TEM showed that GB were abundant in vessel wall cells and in interstitial cells. By contrast, GB were absent in seminiferous epithelium, Sertoli's and Leydig's cells. However, seminiferous tubular epithelium and Sertoli's cells showed reduced diameter, thickening of basement membrane and tunica propria, and swollen or degenerated spermatogonia. IF showed an accumulation of HIF-1α in stromal cells but not in seminiferous tubules. On the contrary, NFκB fluorescence was evident in tubules, but very low in interstitial cells. Finally, RT-PCR analysis on LCMD fractions showed the expression of pro-inflammatory genes connected to the HIF-1α/NFκB inflammatory-like pathway. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that infertility in FD may be caused by reduced oxygen and nutrients due to GB accumulation in blood vessels cells. Reduced oxygen and nutrients alter HIF-1α/NFκB expression and localization while activating HIF-1α/NFκB driven-inflammation-like response damaging seminiferous tubular epithelium and Sertoli's cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Sansone
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, IRCCS San Raffaele, Rome, Italy
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Barreca
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuel Belli
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, IRCCS San Raffaele, Rome, Italy
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Aventaggiato
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Russo
- UOC of Pathologic Anatomy, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Matteo A. Russo
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, IRCCS San Raffaele, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Tafani
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Frustaci
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, IRCCS San Raffaele, Rome, Italy
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Farris KM, Senior AM, Sobreira DR, Mitchell RM, Weber ZT, Ingerslev LR, Barrès R, Simpson SJ, Crean AJ, Nobrega MA. Dietary macronutrient composition impacts gene regulation in adipose tissue. Commun Biol 2024; 7:194. [PMID: 38365885 PMCID: PMC10873408 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05876-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Diet is a key lifestyle component that influences metabolic health through several factors, including total energy intake and macronutrient composition. While the impact of caloric intake on gene expression and physiological phenomena in various tissues is well described, the influence of dietary macronutrient composition on these parameters is less well studied. Here, we use the Nutritional Geometry framework to investigate the role of macronutrient composition on metabolic function and gene regulation in adipose tissue. Using ten isocaloric diets that vary systematically in their proportion of energy from fat, protein, and carbohydrates, we find that gene expression and splicing are highly responsive to macronutrient composition, with distinct sets of genes regulated by different macronutrient interactions. Specifically, the expression of many genes associated with Bardet-Biedl syndrome is responsive to dietary fat content. Splicing and expression changes occur in largely separate gene sets, highlighting distinct mechanisms by which dietary composition influences the transcriptome and emphasizing the importance of considering splicing changes to more fully capture the gene regulation response to environmental changes such as diet. Our study provides insight into the gene regulation plasticity of adipose tissue in response to macronutrient composition, beyond the already well-characterized response to caloric intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn M Farris
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
| | - Alistair M Senior
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Débora R Sobreira
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Robert M Mitchell
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Zachary T Weber
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Lars R Ingerslev
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Romain Barrès
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Côte d'Azur & Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Valbonne, 06560, France.
| | - Stephen J Simpson
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Angela J Crean
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Marcelo A Nobrega
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
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7
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Sun Z, Yang L, Kiram A, Yang J, Yang Z, Xiao L, Yin Y, Liu J, Mao Y, Zhou D, Yu H, Zhou Z, Xu D, Jia Y, Ding C, Guo Q, Wang H, Li Y, Wang L, Fu T, Hu S, Gan Z. FNIP1 abrogation promotes functional revascularization of ischemic skeletal muscle by driving macrophage recruitment. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7136. [PMID: 37932296 PMCID: PMC10628247 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42690-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischaemia of the heart and limbs attributable to compromised blood supply is a major cause of mortality and morbidity. The mechanisms of functional angiogenesis remain poorly understood, however. Here we show that FNIP1 plays a critical role in controlling skeletal muscle functional angiogenesis, a process pivotal for muscle revascularization during ischemia. Muscle FNIP1 expression is down-regulated by exercise. Genetic overexpression of FNIP1 in myofiber causes limited angiogenesis in mice, whereas its myofiber-specific ablation markedly promotes the formation of functional blood vessels. Interestingly, the increased muscle angiogenesis is independent of AMPK but due to enhanced macrophage recruitment in FNIP1-depleted muscles. Mechanistically, myofiber FNIP1 deficiency induces PGC-1α to activate chemokine gene transcription, thereby driving macrophage recruitment and muscle angiogenesis program. Furthermore, in a mouse hindlimb ischemia model of peripheral artery disease, the loss of myofiber FNIP1 significantly improved the recovery of blood flow. Thus, these results reveal a pivotal role of FNIP1 as a negative regulator of functional angiogenesis in muscle, offering insight into potential therapeutic strategies for ischemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongchao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Likun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Abdukahar Kiram
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Liwei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yujing Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Danxia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dengqiu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuhuan Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenyun Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiqi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Tingting Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Shijun Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Zhenji Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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8
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Supe S, Dighe V, Upadhya A, Singh K. Analysis of RNA Interference Targeted Against Human Antigen R (HuR) to Reduce Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Protein Expression in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells. Mol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12033-023-00913-w. [PMID: 37856012 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00913-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
VEGF-A or vascular endothelial growth factor-A is an important factor in enabling neovascularization and angiogenesis. VEGF-A is regulated transcriptionally as well as post transcriptionally. Human antigen R (HuR) belonging to the embryonic lethal abnormal vision (ELAV) family is a key regulator promoting stabilization of VEGF-A mRNA. In this research we investigate, whether HuR targeted RNA interference would enable the reduction of the VEGF-A protein in human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19) in-vitro, in normoxic conditions. Three siRNA molecules with sequences complementary to three regions of the HuR mRNA were designed. The three designed siRNA molecules were individually transfected in ARPE-19 cells using Lipofectamine™2000 reagent. Post-transfection (24 h, 48 h, 72 h), downregulation of HuR mRNA was estimated by real-time polymerase reaction, while HuR protein and VEGF-A protein levels were semi-quantitatively determined by western blotting techniques. VEGF-A protein levels were additionally quantified using ELISA techniques. All experiments were done in triplicate. The designed siRNA could successfully downregulate HuR mRNA with concomitant decreases in HuR and VEGF-A protein. The study reveals that HuR downregulation can prominently downregulate VEGF-A, making the protein a target for therapy against pathological angiogenesis conditions such as diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibani Supe
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400056, India
| | - Vikas Dighe
- National Centre for Preclinical Reproductive and Genetic Toxicology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, J.M. Street, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400012, India
| | - Archana Upadhya
- Maharashtra Educational Society's H. K. College of Pharmacy, H. K. College Campus, Oshiwara, Jogeshwari (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400102, India.
| | - Kavita Singh
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400056, India.
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9
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Otsu S, Hironaka S. Current Status of Angiogenesis Inhibitors as Second-Line Treatment for Unresectable Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4564. [PMID: 37760533 PMCID: PMC10526327 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third most common disease and the second most common cause of death around the world. The drug for second-line treatment depends on the drugs used in first-line treatment and the biomarker status. As biomarkers, the RAS gene, BRAF gene, and dMMR/MSI-H, TMB-H, and HER2 statuses have been established in clinical practice, and the corresponding molecularly targeted therapeutic agents are selected based on the biomarker status. Given the frequency of biomarkers, it is assumed that when patients move on to second-line treatment, an angiogenesis inhibitor is selected in many cases. For second-line treatment, three angiogenesis inhibitors, bevacizumab (BEV), ramucirumab (RAM), and aflibercept (AFL), are available, and one of them is combined with cytotoxic agents. These three angiogenesis inhibitors are known to inhibit angiogenesis through different mechanisms of action. Although no useful biomarkers have been established for the selection of angiogenesis inhibitors, previous biomarker studies have suggested that angiogenesis-related factors such as VEGF-A and VEGF-D might be predictors of the therapeutic efficacy of angiogenesis inhibitors. These biomarkers are measured as protein levels in plasma and are considered to be promising biomarkers. We consider that the rationale for selecting among these three angiogenesis inhibitors should be clarified to benefit patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Otsu
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1, Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu City 879-5593, Oita, Japan
| | - Shuichi Hironaka
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka-shi 181-8611, Tokyo, Japan
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10
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Wang H, Zhang Z, Sittirattanayeunyong S, Hongpaisan J. Association of Apolipoprotein E4-related Microvascular Disease in the Alzheimer's Disease Hippocampal CA1 Stratum Radiatum. Neuroscience 2023; 526:204-222. [PMID: 37385335 PMCID: PMC10528415 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Current data suggest a hypothesis of vascular pathogenesis for the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). To investigate this, we studied the association of apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) gene on microvessels in human autopsy-confirmed AD with and without APOE4, compared with age/sex-matched control (AC) hippocampal CA1 stratum radiatum. AD arterioles (without APOE4 gene) had mild oxidative stress and loss of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endothelial cell density, reflecting aging progression. In AD + APOE4, an increase in strong oxidative DNA damage marker 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), VEGF, and endothelial cell density were associated with increased diameter of arterioles and perivascular space dilation. In cultured human brain microvascular cells (HBMECs), treatment of ApoE4 protein plus amyloid-β (Aβ) oligomers increased superoxide production and the apoptotic marker cleaved caspase 3, sustained hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) stability that was associated with an increase in MnSOD, VEGF, and cell density. This cell over-proliferation was inhibited with the antioxidants N-acetyl cysteine and MnTMPyP, the HIF-1α inhibitor echinomycin, the VEGFR-2 receptor blocker SU1498, the protein kinase C (PKC) ε knock-down (KD) and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK) inhibitor FR180204. The PKCε KD and echinomycin decreased VEGF and/or ERK. In conclusion, AD capillaries and arterioles in hippocampal CA1 stratum radiatum of non-APOE4 carriers are related with aging, while those in APOE4 carriers with AD are related with pathogenesis of cerebrovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaixing Wang
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Zongxiu Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Sorawit Sittirattanayeunyong
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Jarin Hongpaisan
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
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11
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Blasiak J, Chojnacki J, Szczepanska J, Fila M, Chojnacki C, Kaarniranta K, Pawlowska E. Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate, an Active Green Tea Component to Support Anti-VEGFA Therapy in Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Nutrients 2023; 15:3358. [PMID: 37571296 PMCID: PMC10421466 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a largely incurable disease and an emerging problem in aging societies. It occurs in two forms, dry and wet (exudative, neovascular), which may cause legal blindness and sight loss. Currently, there is not any effective treatment for dry AMD. Meanwhile, repeated intravitreal injections with antibodies effective against vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) slow down wet AMD progression but are not free from complications. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is an active compound of green tea, which exerts many beneficial effects in the retinal pigment epithelium and the neural retina. It has been reported to downregulate the VEGFA gene by suppressing its activators. The inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinases 1 and 3 (MAPK1 and MAPK3) may lie behind the antiangiogenic action of EGCG mediated by VEGFA. EGCG exerts protective effects against UV-induced damage to retinal cells and improves dysfunctional autophagy. EGCG may also interact with the mechanistic target rapamycin (MTOR) and unc-51-like autophagy activating kinase (ULK1) to modulate the interplay between autophagy and apoptosis. Several other studies report beneficial effects of EGCG on the retina that may be related to wet AMD. Therefore, controlled clinical trials are needed to verify whether diet supplementation with EGCG or green tea consumption may improve the results of anti-VEGFA therapy in wet AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz Blasiak
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jan Chojnacki
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland; (J.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Joanna Szczepanska
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-217 Lodz, Poland; (J.S.); (E.P.)
| | - Michal Fila
- Department of Developmental Neurology and Epileptology, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Cezary Chojnacki
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland; (J.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Elzbieta Pawlowska
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-217 Lodz, Poland; (J.S.); (E.P.)
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12
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Meza-Alvarado JC, Page RA, Mallard B, Bromhead C, Palmer BR. VEGF-A related SNPs: a cardiovascular context. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1190513. [PMID: 37288254 PMCID: PMC10242119 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1190513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide. Currently, cardiovascular disease risk algorithms play a role in primary prevention. However, this is complicated by a lack of powerfully predictive biomarkers that could be observed in individuals before the onset of overt symptoms. A key potential biomarker for heart disease is the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A), a molecule that plays a pivotal role in blood vessel formation. This molecule has a complex biological role in the cardiovascular system due to the processes it influences, and its production is impacted by various CVD risk factors. Research in different populations has shown single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may affect circulating VEGF-A plasma levels, with some variants associated with the development of CVDs, as well as CVD risk factors. This minireview aims to give an overview of the VEGF family, and of the SNPs reported to influence VEGF-A levels, cardiovascular disease, and other risk factors used in CVD risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - B. R. Palmer
- School of Health Sciences, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
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13
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Bartish M, Abraham MJ, Gonçalves C, Larsson O, Rolny C, Del Rincón SV. The role of eIF4F-driven mRNA translation in regulating the tumour microenvironment. Nat Rev Cancer 2023; 23:408-425. [PMID: 37142795 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-023-00567-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Cells can rapidly adjust their proteomes in dynamic environments by regulating mRNA translation. There is mounting evidence that dysregulation of mRNA translation supports the survival and adaptation of cancer cells, which has stimulated clinical interest in targeting elements of the translation machinery and, in particular, components of the eukaryotic initiation factor 4F (eIF4F) complex such as eIF4E. However, the effect of targeting mRNA translation on infiltrating immune cells and stromal cells in the tumour microenvironment (TME) has, until recently, remained unexplored. In this Perspective article, we discuss how eIF4F-sensitive mRNA translation controls the phenotypes of key non-transformed cells in the TME, with an emphasis on the underlying therapeutic implications of targeting eIF4F in cancer. As eIF4F-targeting agents are in clinical trials, we propose that a broader understanding of their effect on gene expression in the TME will reveal unappreciated therapeutic vulnerabilities that could be used to improve the efficacy of existing cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Bartish
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute and Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Madelyn J Abraham
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute and Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Christophe Gonçalves
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute and Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ola Larsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Rolny
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Sonia V Del Rincón
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute and Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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14
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King BC, Blom AM. Intracellular complement: Evidence, definitions, controversies, and solutions. Immunol Rev 2023; 313:104-119. [PMID: 36100972 PMCID: PMC10086947 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The term "intracellular complement" has been introduced recently as an umbrella term to distinguish functions of complement proteins that take place intracellularly, rather than in the extracellular environment. However, this rather undefined term leaves some confusion as to the classification of what intracellular complement really is, and as to which intracellular compartment(s) it should refer to. In this review, we will describe the evidence for both canonical and non-canonical functions of intracellular complement proteins, as well as the current controversies and unanswered questions as to the nature of the intracellular complement. We also suggest new terms to facilitate the accurate description and discussion of specific forms of intracellular complement and call for future experiments that will be required to provide more definitive evidence and a better understanding of the mechanisms of intracellular complement activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben C King
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Anna M Blom
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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15
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Fontemaggi G. Non-coding RNA regulatory networks in post-transcriptional regulation of VEGFA in cancer. IUBMB Life 2023; 75:30-39. [PMID: 35467790 PMCID: PMC10084289 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The switch from the normal quiescent vasculature to angiogenesis in tumors is induced by a variety of growth factors, released from cancer and stromal cells upon oxygen and nutrients deprivation. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) is a potent-secreted mitogen and the only growth factor specific to endothelial cells that is observed almost ubiquitously at sites of angiogenesis. Expression of VEGF-A in cancer cells is controlled through transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms. Post-transcriptional regulation of VEGF-A occurs at multiple levels, through the control of splicing, mRNA stability and translation rate, enabling a fine-tuned expression and release of VEGF-A. Mounting evidence is highlighting the important role played by microRNAs (miRNAs) in the control of VEGF-A mRNA stability and translation in cancer. Moreover, non-coding RNAs, as long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs, are emerging as crucial modulators of VEGF-A-targeting miRNAs, with consequent ability to modulate VEGF-A expression. This review discusses the recent progress on the ncRNA-related networks controlling VEGF-A expression in cancer cells and provides insights into the complexity of VEGF-A post-transcriptional regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Fontemaggi
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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16
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Motawea MM, Zaki MES, Saif M, Osman AOBS, Nada AM. Study of single nucleotide polymorphism of vascular endothelium factor in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. Clin Diabetes Endocrinol 2022; 8:9. [PMID: 36517920 PMCID: PMC9753302 DOI: 10.1186/s40842-022-00146-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic alterations and high levels of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are presumptive risk factors for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). OBJECTIVE This work aims to study the presence of - 634G/C polymorphism of vascular endothelial growth factor (rs2010963) and its' serum level in patients with DTC and comparing these results with those of the control subjects. MATERIAL AND METHOD The study was a retrograde case-control study that included seventy patients with DTCin addition to seventy apparently healthy control subjects. Blood sample was taken and subjected to study of - 634G/C VEGF polymorphism (rs2010963) by real time PCR and measurement of its' plasma level by immunoassay kit (ELISA). RESULTS Regarding genotyping of VEGFA - 634G/C (rs2010963) polymorphism, there was significant increase in CG and GG genotypes (28.6%, 18.6% respectively) among patients compared to control subjects (20.0%, 4.3% respectively) and significant increase in CC genotype in control subjects (75.7%) compared to patients (52.9%), P = 0.001. The VEGF mean ± SD level was significantly elevated in patients compared to control subjects (1215.81 ± 225.78 versus 307.16 ± 91.81, P = 0.006). Moreover, there was significant increase in VEGF levels in patients with CG and GG genotypes (1295.9 ± 68.74, 1533.08 ± 109.95, respectively) compared to patients with CC genotype (1061 163.25), P = 0.001). CONCLUSION There was significant increase in GG and CG genotypes in patients with DTC compared to control subjects which may suggest a predisposing role for these genotypes in development of DTC. Moreover, there was significant increase in serum level of vascular endothelial growth factor in patients with GG and CG genotypes which may reflect the mechanism of these genotypes in development of DTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Mohsen Motawea
- grid.10251.370000000103426662Internal Medicine Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Maysaa El Sayed Zaki
- grid.10251.370000000103426662Clinical Pathology Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Maha Saif
- grid.10251.370000000103426662Oncology Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Osama BS Osman
- grid.252487.e0000 0000 8632 679XClinical Pathology Department, Assuit Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Aml Mohamed Nada
- grid.10251.370000000103426662Internal Medicine Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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17
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Drzał A, Delalande A, Dziurman G, Fournié M, Pichon C, Elas M. Increasing oxygen tension in tumor tissue using ultrasound sensitive O 2 microbubbles. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 193:567-578. [PMID: 36356713 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Low tissue oxygenation significantly impairs the effectiveness of cancer therapy and promotes a more aggressive phenotype. Many strategies to improve tissue oxygenation have been proposed throughout the years, but only a few showed significant effects in clinical settings. We investigated stability and ultrasound pulse (UP) triggered oxygen release from phospholipid coated oxygen microbubbles (OMB) in vitro and in murine tumors in vivo using EPR oximetry. In solution, the investigated microbubbles are stable and responsive to ultrasound pulse. The addition of the OMB solution alone resulted in an increase in pO2 of approximately 70 mmHg which was further increased for an additional 80 mmHg after the application of UP. The in vivo kinetic study revealed a substantial, up to 120 mmHg, increase in tumor pO2 after UP application and then pO2 was decreasing for 20 min for intravenous injection and 15 min for intratumoral injection. A significant increase was also observed in groups that received microbubbles filled with nitrogen and ultrasound pulse and OMB without UP, but the effect was much lower. Oxygen microbubbles lead to a decrease in HIF-1a and VEGF-A both at the level of mRNA and protein. Toxicity analysis showed that intravenous injection of OMB does not cause oxidative damage to the heart, liver, or kidneys. However, elevated levels of oxidative damage to lipids and proteins were observed short-term in tumor tissue. In conclusion, we have demonstrated the feasibility of oxygen microbubbles in delivering oxygen effectively and safely to the tumor in living animals. Such treatment might enhance the effectiveness of other anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Drzał
- Jagiellonian University, Department of Biophysics and Cancer Biology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anthony Delalande
- University of Orleans, 45067, Orleans, France; Center for Molecular Biophysics, CNRS Orleans, 45071, Orleans, France
| | - Gabriela Dziurman
- Jagiellonian University, Department of Biophysics and Cancer Biology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Mylene Fournié
- University of Orleans, 45067, Orleans, France; Center for Molecular Biophysics, CNRS Orleans, 45071, Orleans, France
| | - Chantal Pichon
- University of Orleans, 45067, Orleans, France; Institut Universitaire de France, 75231, Paris, France; Center for Molecular Biophysics, CNRS Orleans, 45071, Orleans, France
| | - Martyna Elas
- Jagiellonian University, Department of Biophysics and Cancer Biology, Kraków, Poland.
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18
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Droma Y, Hanaoka M, Kinjo T, Kobayashi N, Yasuo M, Kitaguchi Y, Ota M. The blunted vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) response to high-altitude hypoxia and genetic variants in the promoter region of the VEGFA gene in Sherpa highlanders. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13893. [PMID: 35996666 PMCID: PMC9392454 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sherpa highlanders demonstrate extraordinary tolerance to hypoxia at high altitudes, which may be achieved by mechanisms promoting microcirculatory blood flow and capillary density at high altitudes for restoring oxygen supply to tissues. Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) are important signaling proteins involved in vasculogenesis and angiogenesis which are stimulated by hypoxia. We hypothesize that the VEGF-A, the major member of the VEGF family, and the gene encoding VEGF-A (VEGFA) play a part in the adaptation to high-altitude hypoxia in Sherpa highlanders. Methods Fifty-one Sherpa highlanders in Namche Bazaar village at a high altitude of 3,440 meters (m) above sea level and 76 non-Sherpa lowlanders in Kathmandu city at 1,300 m in Nepal were recruited for the study. Venous blood was sampled to obtain plasma and extract DNA from each subject. The plasma VEGF-A concentrations were measured and five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs, rs699947, rs833061, rs1570360, rs2010963, and rs3025039) in the VEGFA were genotyped. The VEGF-A levels and allelic frequencies of the SNPs were compared between the two populations. Results A significant difference in oxygen saturation (SpO2) was observed between the two ethnic groups locating at different elevations (93.7 ± 0.2% in Sherpas at 3,440 m vs. 96.7 ± 0.2% in non-Sherpas at 1,300 m, P < 0.05). The plasma VEGF-A concentration in the Sherpas at high altitude was on the same level as that in the non-Sherpas at low altitude (262.8 ± 17.9 pg/ml vs. 266.8 ± 21.8 pg/ml, P = 0.88). This result suggested that the plasma VEGF-A concentration in Sherpa highlanders was stable despite a high-altitude hypoxic stimulus and that therefore the Sherpas exhibited a phenotype of blunted response to hypoxic stress. Moreover, the allele frequencies of the SNPs rs699947, rs833061, and rs2010963 in the promoter region of the VEGFA were different between the Sherpa highlanders and non-Sherpa lowlanders (corrected P values = 3.30 ×10-5, 4.95 ×10-4, and 1.19 ×10-7, respectively). Conclusions Sherpa highlanders exhibited a blunted VEGF-A response to hypoxia at high altitudes, which was speculated to be associated with the distinctive genetic variations of the SNPs and haplotype in the promoter region of VEGFA in Sherpa highlanders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunden Droma
- The First Department of Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
| | - Masayuki Hanaoka
- The First Department of Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
| | - Takumi Kinjo
- The First Department of Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
| | - Nobumitsu Kobayashi
- The First Department of Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
| | - Masanori Yasuo
- The First Department of Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kitaguchi
- The First Department of Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
| | - Masao Ota
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
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19
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Sharma AL, Wang H, Zhang Z, Millien G, Tyagi M, Hongpaisan J. HIV Promotes Neurocognitive Impairment by Damaging the Hippocampal Microvessels. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:4966-4986. [PMID: 35665894 PMCID: PMC10071835 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02890-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Current evidence suggests that mild cerebrovascular changes could induce neurodegeneration and contribute to HIV-associated neurocognitive disease (HAND) in HIV patients. We investigated both the quantitative and qualitative impact of HIV infection on brain microvessels, especially on hippocampal microvessels, which are crucial for optimal O2 supply, and thus for maintaining memory and cognitive abilities. The results obtained using cultured human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC) were reproduced using a suitable mouse model and autopsied human HIV hippocampus. In HBMEC, we found significantly higher oxidative stress-dependent apoptotic cell loss following 5 h of treatment of GST-Tat (1 µg/ml) compared to GST (1 µg/ml) control. We noticed complete recovery of HBMEC cells after 24 h of GST-Tat treatment, due to temporal degradation or inactivation of GST-Tat. Interestingly, we found a sustained increase in mitochondrial oxidative DNA damage marker 8-OHdG, as well as an increase in hypoxia-inducible factor hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). In our mouse studies, upon short-term injection of GST-Tat, we found the loss of small microvessels (mostly capillaries) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), but not large microvessels (arterioles and venules) in the hippocampus. In addition to capillary loss, in the post-mortem HIV-infected human hippocampus, we observed large microvessels with increased wall cells and perivascular tissue degeneration. Together, our data show a crucial role of Tat in inducing HIF-1α-dependent inhibition of mitochondrial transcriptional factor A (TFAM) and dilated perivascular space. Thus, our results further define the underlying molecular mechanism promoting mild cerebrovascular disease, neuropathy, and HAND pathogenesis in HIV patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adhikarimayum Lakhikumar Sharma
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Jefferson Alumni Hall, PA, 19107, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Huaixing Wang
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Jefferson Alumni Hall, PA, 19107, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Zongxiu Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Jefferson Alumni Hall, PA, 19107, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Guetchyn Millien
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Jefferson Alumni Hall, PA, 19107, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Mudit Tyagi
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Jefferson Alumni Hall, PA, 19107, Philadelphia, USA.
| | - Jarin Hongpaisan
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Jefferson Alumni Hall, PA, 19107, Philadelphia, USA.
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20
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Wu L, Su C, Yang C, Liu J, Ye Y. TBX3 regulates the transcription of VEGFA to promote osteoblasts proliferation and microvascular regeneration. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13722. [PMID: 35846885 PMCID: PMC9281600 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Osteochondral decellularization can promote local vascular regeneration, but the exact mechanism is unknown. The aim of this study is to study osteogenic microvascular regeneration in single cells. Methods The scRNA-seq dataset of human periosteal-derived cells (hPDCs) were analyzed by pySCENIC. To examine the role of TBX3 in osteogenesis and vascularization, cell transfection, qRT-PCR, western blot, and CCK-8 cell proliferation assays were performed. Results TCF7L2, TBX3, FLI1, NFKB2, and EZH2 were found to be transcription factors (TFs) most closely associated with corresponding cells. The regulatory network of these TFs was then visualized. Our study knocked down the expression of TBX3 in human osteoblast cell lines. In the TBX3 knockdown group, we observed decreased expression of VEGFA, VEGFB, and VEGFC. Moreover, Western blot analysis showed that downregulating TBX3 resulted in a reduction of VEGFA expression. And TBX3 stimulated osteoblast proliferation in CCK-8 assays. Conclusion TBX3 regulates VEGFA expression and promotes osteoblast proliferation in skeletal microvasculature formation. The findings provide a theoretical basis for investigating the role of TBX3 in promoting local vascular regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichuang Wu
- Department of Trauma/Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chenxian Su
- Department of Trauma/Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chuanhua Yang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong, China
| | - Jinxing Liu
- Shanghai ninth people’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiheng Ye
- Department of Trauma/Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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21
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Turco C, Esposito G, Iaiza A, Goeman F, Benedetti A, Gallo E, Daralioti T, Perracchio L, Sacconi A, Pasanisi P, Muti P, Pulito C, Strano S, Ianniello Z, Fatica A, Forcato M, Fazi F, Blandino G, Fontemaggi G. MALAT1-dependent hsa_circ_0076611 regulates translation rate in triple-negative breast cancer. Commun Biol 2022; 5:598. [PMID: 35710947 PMCID: PMC9203778 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03539-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGFA) is the most commonly expressed angiogenic growth factor in solid tumors and is generated as multiple isoforms through alternative mRNA splicing. Here, we show that lncRNA MALAT1 (metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1) and ID4 (inhibitor of DNA-binding 4) protein, previously referred to as regulators of linear isoforms of VEGFA, induce back-splicing of VEGFA exon 7, producing circular RNA circ_0076611. Circ_0076611 is detectable in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells and tissues, in exosomes released from TNBC cells and in the serum of breast cancer patients. Circ_0076611 interacts with a variety of proliferation-related transcripts, included MYC and VEGFA mRNAs, and increases cell proliferation and migration of TNBC cells. Mechanistically, circ_0076611 favors the expression of its target mRNAs by facilitating their interaction with components of the translation initiation machinery. These results add further complexity to the multiple VEGFA isoforms expressed in cancer cells and highlight the relevance of post-transcriptional regulation of VEGFA expression in TNBC cells. The circular isoform of VEGFA mRNA (circ_0076611), associated with size and pathogenesis of triple-negative breast tumors, is produced via back splicing of exon-7 by a RNP complex comprising lncRNA-MALAT1, ID4 and SRSF1, and secreted through exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Turco
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella Esposito
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Iaiza
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Frauke Goeman
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Benedetti
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Enzo Gallo
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Theodora Daralioti
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Letizia Perracchio
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- UOSD Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Pasanisi
- Unit of Epidemiology and Prevention, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Muti
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, "Università degli Studi di Milano", Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Pulito
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Strano
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Zaira Ianniello
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Fatica
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia Forcato
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Fazi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giulia Fontemaggi
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
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22
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Molecular effects of genistein, as a potential anticancer agent, on CXCR-4 and VEGF pathway in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:4161-4170. [PMID: 35608747 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07163-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the angiogenic mediators that can be secreted by leukemic cells and plays an important role in tumor invasion and metastasis. Another important agent contributing to the relapse of ALL is C-X-C chemokine receptor type-4 (CXCR-4), expression of this receptor in cancer cells has been related to metastasis. It has been identified that genistein-a soy-derived isoflavonoid-has anti-angiogenesis functions. We aimed to show the effects of this compound on VEGF and CXCR-4 in Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cell models. METHODS AND RESULTS The cytotoxicity of Genistein was measured using the MTS colorimetric assay. After being treated with Genistein, the expression of VEGF in mRNA and protein levels was measured in MOLT-4 and Jurkat cells. We also used flow cytometry assay to determine the expression of CXCR-4 in cell surfaces. We found that Genistein decreased cell viability in two cell models while was more effective on MOLT-4 cells. After Genistein-treatment, surface expression levels of CXCR-4 were decreased, while VEGF secretion and mRNA expression levels were increased in MOLT-4 and Jurkat cells. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that Genistein may not be a reliable choice for the treatment of ALL; however, this different identified pattern can be useful for the recognition of VEGF and CXCR-4 modulators and thus for planning new treatments for leukemia and other VEGF related disorders.
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23
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Katsman M, Azriel A, Horev G, Reizel Y, Levi BZ. N-VEGF, the Autoregulatory Arm of VEGF-A. Cells 2022; 11:cells11081289. [PMID: 35455969 PMCID: PMC9024919 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) is a secreted protein that stimulates angiogenesis in response to hypoxia. Under hypoxic conditions, a non-canonical long isoform called L-VEGF is concomitantly expressed with VEGF-A. Once translated, L-VEGF is proteolytically cleaved to generate N-VEGF and VEGF-A. Interestingly, while VEGF-A is secreted and affects the surrounding cells, N-VEGF is mobilized to the nucleus. This suggests that N-VEGF participates in transcriptional response to hypoxia. In this study, we performed a series of complementary experiments to examine the functional role of N-VEGF. Strikingly, we found that the mere expression of N-VEGF followed by its hypoxia-independent mobilization to the nucleus was sufficient to induce key genes associated with angiogenesis, such as Hif1α,VEGF-A isoforms, as well as genes associated with cell survival under hypoxia. Complementarily, when N-VEGF was genetically depleted, key hypoxia-induced genes were downregulated and cells were significantly susceptible to hypoxia-mediated apoptosis. This is the first report of N-VEGF serving as an autoregulatory arm of VEGF-A. Further experiments will be needed to determine the role of N-VEGF in cancer and embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Katsman
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel, Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel; (M.K.); (A.A.)
| | - Aviva Azriel
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel, Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel; (M.K.); (A.A.)
| | - Guy Horev
- Bioinformatics Knowledge Unit, The Lorry I. Lokey Interdisciplinary Center for Life Sciences and Engineering, Technion-Israel, Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel;
| | - Yitzhak Reizel
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel, Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel; (M.K.); (A.A.)
- Correspondence: (Y.R.); (B.-Z.L.)
| | - Ben-Zion Levi
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel, Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel; (M.K.); (A.A.)
- Correspondence: (Y.R.); (B.-Z.L.)
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24
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Al Kawas H, Saaid I, Jank P, Westhoff CC, Denkert C, Pross T, Weiler KBS, Karsten MM. How VEGF-A and its splice variants affect breast cancer development - clinical implications. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2022; 45:227-239. [PMID: 35303290 PMCID: PMC9050780 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00665-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered expression levels and structural variations in the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) have been found to play important roles in cancer development and to be associated with the overall survival and therapy response of cancer patients. Particularly VEGF-A and its splice variants have been found to affect physiological and pathological angiogenic processes, including tumor angiogenesis, correlating with tumor progression, mostly caused by overexpression. This review focuses on the expression and impact of VEGF-A splice variants under physiologic conditions and in tumors and, in particular, the distribution and role of isoform VEGF165b in breast cancer. CONCLUSIONS AND PERSPECTIVES Many publications already highlighted the importance of VEGF-A and its splice variants in tumor therapy, especially in breast cancer, which are summarized in this review. Furthermore, we were able to demonstrate that cytoplasmatic VEGFA/165b expression is higher in invasive breast cancer tumor cells than in normal tissues or stroma. These examples show that the detection of VEGF splice variants can be performed also on the protein level in formalin fixed tissues. Although no quantitative conclusions can be drawn, these results may be the starting point for further studies at a quantitative level, which can be a major step towards the design of targeted antibody-based (breast) cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hivin Al Kawas
- Department of Gynecology with Breast Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Inas Saaid
- Department of Gynecology with Breast Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul Jank
- Institute of Pathology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Carsten Denkert
- Institute of Pathology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Therese Pross
- Department of Gynecology with Breast Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Maria Margarete Karsten
- Department of Gynecology with Breast Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
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25
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Laitinen P, Väänänen MA, Kolari IL, Mäkinen PI, Kaikkonen MU, Weinberg MS, Morris KV, Korhonen P, Malm T, Ylä-Herttuala S, Roberts TC, Turunen MP, Turunen TA. Nuclear microRNA-466c regulates Vegfa expression in response to hypoxia. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265948. [PMID: 35358280 PMCID: PMC8975276 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are well characterized in their role in silencing gene expression by targeting 3´-UTR of mRNAs in cytoplasm. However, recent studies have shown that miRNAs have a role in the regulation of genes in the nucleus, where they are abundantly located. We show here that in mouse endothelial cell line (C166), nuclear microRNA miR-466c participates in the regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor a (Vegfa) gene expression in hypoxia. Upregulation of Vegfa expression in response to hypoxia was significantly compromised after removal of miR-466c with CRISPR-Cas9 genomic deletion. We identified a promoter-associated long non-coding RNA on mouse Vegfa promoter and show that miR-466c directly binds to this transcript to modulate Vegfa expression. Collectively, these observations suggest that miR-466c regulates Vegfa gene transcription in the nucleus by targeting the promoter, and expands on our understanding of the role of miRNAs well beyond their canonical role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Laitinen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- RNatives Oy, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mari-Anna Väänänen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ida-Liisa Kolari
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Petri I. Mäkinen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Minna U. Kaikkonen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marc S. Weinberg
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Wits/SAMRC Antiviral Gene Therapy Research Unit, School of Pathology, University of the Witwaterstrand, Witwaterstrand, South Africa
| | - Kevin V. Morris
- Center for Gene Therapy, City of Hope–Beckman Research Institute at the City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, School of Medical Science Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Queensland, Australia
| | - Paula Korhonen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tarja Malm
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Seppo Ylä-Herttuala
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Heart Center and Gene Therapy Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Thomas C. Roberts
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- MDUK Oxford Neuromuscular Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mikko P. Turunen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- RNatives Oy, Kuopio, Finland
- * E-mail:
| | - Tiia A. Turunen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- RNatives Oy, Kuopio, Finland
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26
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Millien G, Wang H, Zhang Z, Alkon DL, Hongpaisan J. PKCε Activation Restores Loss of PKCε, Manganese Superoxide Dismutase, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, and Microvessels in Aged and Alzheimer’s Disease Hippocampus. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:836634. [PMID: 35299945 PMCID: PMC8922019 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.836634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial dysfunction and capillary loss are currently considered to be a primary phenotype of normal human aging and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Activation of protein kinase C (PKCε) improves several molecular, cellular, physiological, and behavioral endpoints, yet it is not known whether a loss of PKCε activity occurs in the microvascular endothelium in aged and AD hippocampi, whether this loss contributes to microvascular change, or whether activation of PKCε protects against microvascular damage, an early change that induces age-associated memory defect and AD. We investigated the effect of the PKCε activation on microvascular loss in the hippocampus, important for memory storage. In cultured human brain microvascular endothelial cells, tert-butyl hydroperoxide induced oxidative stress and a decrease in manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) mRNA and protein expression that were blocked by the antioxidant drugs. The PKCε activators bryostatin and DCPLA methyl ester increased PKCε, associated with an increase in MnSOD mRNA and its protein as well as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which was inhibited by the mRNA-stabilizing HuR inhibitors. In rats (>24 months old) and AD transgenic mice Tg2576 (5 months old), bryostatin or DCP-LA prevented a decrease in vascular PKCε, MnSOD, and VEGF and prevented microvascular loss and age-related memory impairment. An autopsy-confirmed AD hippocampus showed a decrease in PKCε and MnSOD mRNAs and their proteins and VEGF as well as in microvascular density compared to non-AD controls. In conclusion, the PKCε activation can rescue a decrease in PKCε, MnSOD, and VEGF via posttranscription regulation and alleviate oxidative stress, and in doing so, prevent microvascular loss during aging and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guetchyn Millien
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Huaixing Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Zongxiu Zhang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Dan L. Alkon
- Neurotrope Bioscience, Inc., New York, NY, United States
| | - Jarin Hongpaisan
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: Jarin Hongpaisan,
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Christiansen D, Bishop DJ. Aerobic-interval exercise with blood flow restriction potentiates early markers of metabolic health in man. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2022; 234:e13769. [PMID: 34984835 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study examined whether aerobic-interval exercise with blood flow restriction (BFR) potentiates early markers of metabolic health compared to exercise with systemic hypoxia or normoxia in man. METHODS In a randomized-crossover fashion, eight healthy men completed nine 2-minute running bouts at 105% of their lactate threshold on three occasions separated by one week, either with BFR (BFR-trial), systemic hypoxia (HYP-trial) or normoxia (control; CON-trial). Near-infrared spectroscopy was used to assess the muscle level of hypoxia. A muscle biopsy was collected at rest and 3 hours after exercise to quantify genes involved in cholesterol synthesis (PGC-1α2), glucose disposal (GLUT4) and capillary growth (HIF-1α; VEGFA), as well as mitochondrial respiration (PGC-1α2/3), uncoupling (UCP3) and expansion (p53; COXIV-1/2; CS; AMPKα1/2). RESULTS The muscle level of hypoxia was matched between the BFR-trial and HYP-trial (~90%; P > .05), which was greater than the CON-trial (~70%; P < .05). PGC-1α2 increased most in the BFR-trial (16-fold vs CON-trial; 11-fold vs HYP-trial; P < .05). GLUT4 and VEGFA selectively increased by 2.0 and 3.4-fold, respectively in BFR-trial (P < .05), which was greater than CON-trial (1.2 and 1.3 fold) and HYP-trial (1.2 and 1.8 fold; P < .05). UCP3 increased more in BFR-trial than the HYP-trial (4.3 vs 1.6 fold), but was not different between BFR-trial and CON-trial (2.1 fold) or between CON-trial and HYP-trial (P > .05). No trial differences were evident for other genes (P > .05). CONCLUSION Independent of the muscle level of hypoxia, BFR-exercise potentiates early markers of metabolic health associated with the regulation of cholesterol production and glucose homeostasis in man.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny Christiansen
- Institute for Health & Sport Victoria University Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - David J. Bishop
- Institute for Health & Sport Victoria University Melbourne Victoria Australia
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28
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Angiogenesis and Functional Vessel Formation Induced by Interstitial Flow and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Using a Microfluidic Chip. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13020225. [PMID: 35208349 PMCID: PMC8876009 DOI: 10.3390/mi13020225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis occurs during both physiological and pathological processes. In this study, a microfluidic chip for the development of angiogenesis was utilized to assess angiogenic sprouting and functional vessel formation. We also found that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was a determinant of the initiation of vascular sprouts, while the direction of these sprouts was greatly influenced by interstitial flow. Isoforms of VEGF such as VEGF121, VEGF165, and VEGF189 displayed different angiogenic properties on the chip as assessed by sprout length and number, vessel perfusion, and connectivity. VEGF165 had the highest capacity to induce vascular sprouting among the three isoforms assessed and furthermore, also induced functional vessel formation. This chip could be used to analyze the effect of different angiogenic factors and drugs, as well as to explore the mechanism of angiogenesis induced by such factors.
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29
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Łacina P, Butrym A, Frontkiewicz D, Mazur G, Bogunia-Kubik K. Soluble CD147 (BSG) as a Prognostic Marker in Multiple Myeloma. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:350-359. [PMID: 35723405 PMCID: PMC8929000 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
CD147 (basigin, BSG) is a membrane-bound glycoprotein involved in energy metabolism that plays a role in cancer cell survival. Its soluble form is a promising marker of some diseases, but it is otherwise poorly studied. CD147 is overexpressed in multiple myeloma (MM) and is known to affect MM progression, while its genetic variants are associated with MM survival. In the present study, we aimed to assess serum soluble CD147 (sCD147) expression as a potential marker in MM. We found that sCD147 level was higher in MM patients compared to healthy individuals. It was also higher in patients with more advanced disease (ISS III) compared to both patients with less advanced MM and healthy individuals, while its level was observed to drop after positive response to treatment. Patients with high sCD147 were characterized by worse overall survival. sCD147 level did not directly correlate with bone marrow CD147 mRNA expression. In conclusion, this study suggests that serum sCD147 may be a prognostic marker in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Łacina
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunogenetics and Pharmacogenetics, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-713-709-960 (ext. 236)
| | - Aleksandra Butrym
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Diana Frontkiewicz
- Department of Haematology, Sokołowski Specialist Hospital, 58-309 Wałbrzych, Poland;
| | - Grzegorz Mazur
- Department of Internal, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Bogunia-Kubik
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunogenetics and Pharmacogenetics, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland;
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Koistinen H, Künnapuu J, Jeltsch M. KLK3 in the Regulation of Angiogenesis-Tumorigenic or Not? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413545. [PMID: 34948344 PMCID: PMC8704207 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this focused review, we address the role of the kallikrein-related peptidase 3 (KLK3), also known as prostate-specific antigen (PSA), in the regulation of angiogenesis. Early studies suggest that KLK3 is able to inhibit angiogenic processes, which is most likely dependent on its proteolytic activity. However, more recent evidence suggests that KLK3 may also have an opposite role, mediated by the ability of KLK3 to activate the (lymph)angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factors VEGF-C and VEGF-D, further discussed in the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannu Koistinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (M.J.)
| | - Jaana Künnapuu
- Drug Research Program, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Michael Jeltsch
- Drug Research Program, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
- Individualized Drug Therapy Research Program, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Wihuri Research Institute, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (M.J.)
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31
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Cationic, anionic and neutral polysaccharides for skin tissue engineering and wound healing applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 192:298-322. [PMID: 34634326 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Today, chronic wound care and management can be regarded as a clinically critical issue. However, the limitations of current approaches for wound healing have encouraged researchers and physicians to develop more efficient alternative approaches. Advances in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have resulted in the development of promising approaches that can accelerate wound healing and improve the skin regeneration rate and quality. The design and fabrication of scaffolds that can address the multifactorial nature of chronic wound occurrence and provide support for the healing process can be considered an important area requiring improvement. In this regard, polysaccharide-based scaffolds have distinctive properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, high water retention capacity and nontoxicity, making them ideal for wound healing applications. Their tunable structure and networked morphology could facilitate a number of functions, such as controlling their diffusion, maintaining wound moisture, absorbing a large amount of exudates and facilitating gas exchange. In this review, the wound healing process and the influential factors, structure and properties of carbohydrate polymers, physical and chemical crosslinking of polysaccharides, scaffold fabrication techniques, and the use of polysaccharide-based scaffolds in skin tissue engineering and wound healing applications are discussed.
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32
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Zhong W, Guo X, He Y, Yasen M, Adilai M, Abudubari H, Abudukadier A, Alifu X. Association between single nucleotide polymorphisms of VEGF gene and pelvic lymph node metastasis in patients with early-stage cervical cancer. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2021; 42:1347-1351. [PMID: 34693869 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2021.1963691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer patients in early-stage cervical cancer (ECC) were divided into pelvic lymph node (PLN) metastasis and non-PLN metastasis group. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping for the VEGF gene was conducted and plasma VEGF levels were measured. Multivariate analysis was performed to assess the correlation between SNPs of the VEGF gene and PLN metastasis. We found that SNP of the VEGF rs2010963 was independently associated with PLN metastasis. GG and CG genotype had increased susceptibility to PLN metastasis compared with CC genotype, and moreover, OR was higher in GG genotype than in CG genotype. Plasma VEGF levels were lowest in CC genotype, intermediate in GC genotype and highest in GG genotype. In summary, the SNP of the VEGF rs2010963 affected susceptibility to PLN metastasis in patients with ECC, and GG and CG genotype had increased susceptibility compared with CC genotype. The potential mechanism was associated with elevated plasma VEGF levels.Impact StatementWhat is already known on this subject? The positive expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is correlated with higher risk of lymph node metastasis among cervical cancer patients, and VEGF levels of patients with pelvic lymph node (PLN) metastasis are significantly higher than those without PLN metastasis. Additionally, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the VEGF gene have been indicated to be correlated with individual susceptibility to tumours and expression and protein production of VEGF.What do the results of this study add? The SNP of the VEGF rs2010963 was independently associated with PLN metastasis in patients with early-stage cervical cancer (ECC). The GG and CG genotype of the VEGF rs2010963 had increased susceptibility to PLN metastasis compared with CC genotype. Plasma VEGF levels were lowest in the CC genotype, intermediate in the GC genotype and highest in the GG genotype.What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? The SNP of the VEGF rs2010963 affected susceptibility to PLN metastasis in patients with ECC, and the potential mechanism was associated with elevated plasma VEGF levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhong
- Gynaecological Oncology Radiotherapy (Inpatient Area 1), The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xingyan Guo
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yan He
- Department of Gynaecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Maimaiti Yasen
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Maimaitimin Adilai
- Department of Gynaecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Hailiqiemu Abudubari
- Medical and Health Management and Service Center of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | | | - Xiafukaiti Alifu
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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Chalkiadaki K, Statoulla E, Markou M, Bellou S, Bagli E, Fotsis T, Murphy C, Gkogkas CG. Translational control in neurovascular brain development. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2021; 8:211088. [PMID: 34659781 PMCID: PMC8511748 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.211088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The human brain carries out complex tasks and higher functions and is crucial for organismal survival, as it senses both intrinsic and extrinsic environments. Proper brain development relies on the orchestrated development of different precursor cells, which will give rise to the plethora of mature brain cell-types. Within this process, neuronal cells develop closely to and in coordination with vascular cells (endothelial cells (ECs), pericytes) in a bilateral communication process that relies on neuronal activity, attractive or repulsive guidance cues for both cell types and on tight-regulation of gene expression. Translational control is a master regulator of the gene-expression pathway and in particular for neuronal and ECs, it can be localized in developmentally relevant (axon growth cone, endothelial tip cell) and mature compartments (synapses, axons). Herein, we will review mechanisms of translational control relevant to brain development in neurons and ECs in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kleanthi Chalkiadaki
- Division of Biomedical Research, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, University Campus, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Elpida Statoulla
- Division of Biomedical Research, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, University Campus, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Maria Markou
- Division of Biomedical Research, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, University Campus, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Sofia Bellou
- Division of Biomedical Research, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, University Campus, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Eleni Bagli
- Division of Biomedical Research, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, University Campus, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Theodore Fotsis
- Division of Biomedical Research, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, University Campus, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Carol Murphy
- Division of Biomedical Research, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, University Campus, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Christos G. Gkogkas
- Division of Biomedical Research, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, University Campus, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
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Ajaz S, Muneer R, Siddiqa A, Ali Memon M, Firasat S, Abid A, Khaliq S. Association of specific single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in the promoter and 3'-Untranslated region of Vascular Endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene with risk and higher tumour grade of head and neck cancers. Oral Oncol 2021; 122:105519. [PMID: 34509102 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2021.105519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Head and Neck Cancers (HNCs)comprise one of the most frequent cancers in South-Asian region. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) has a potent role in tumorigenesis and metastasis. Certain common single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in the highly polymorphic VEGF gene are correlated with variations in VEGF functions. The data for these SNVs in HNCs is scarce for South Asian populations. The present study addresses this shortfall. It investigates the association of two VEGF SNVs, -2578C/A (rs699947) in the promoter region and + 936C/T (rs3025039) in 3'-UTR, with the risk of HNCs and tumour characteristics. METHODS The study comprised 323 participants with 121 HNC patients and 202 controls. Germline DNA was isolated from peripheral blood samples. PCR-RFLP methods were optimized and validated by Sanger sequencing. After Hardy-Weinberg evaluation, the independent associations were analyzed under the assumptions of different genetic models. The χ2 test of independence or Fisher's Exact test (significant p-values at < 0.05) were performed and ORs (odds ratios) with 95% confidence interval were tabulated. RESULTS VEGF -2578 A-allele, CA + AA, and AA genotypes had significant protective association against HNCs. The respective ORs were: 0.651 (0.469-0.904), 0.613 (0.381 - 0.985), and 0.393 (0.193-0.804). VEGF + 936 T-allele, CT, and CT + TT genotypes had significantly increased susceptibility for HNCs. The respective ORs were 1.882 (1.001 - 3.536), 2.060 (1.035 - 4.102), and 2.023 (1.032 - 3.966). Additionally, VEGF + 936 CT and CT + TT genotypes showed significant associations with higher tumour grade (p-values < 0.029, and < 0.037, respectively). CONCLUSION The present study is the foremost report of independent and unique associations of the investigated VEGF SNVs with HNCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Ajaz
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research (PCMD), International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan.
| | - Rabbia Muneer
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research (PCMD), International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Aisha Siddiqa
- Atomic Energy Medical Centre (AEMC), Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali Memon
- Atomic Energy Medical Centre (AEMC), Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sadaf Firasat
- Centre for Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation (SIUT), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Aiysha Abid
- Centre for Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation (SIUT), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shagufta Khaliq
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
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Zhou Y, Zhu X, Cui H, Shi J, Yuan G, Shi S, Hu Y. The Role of the VEGF Family in Coronary Heart Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:738325. [PMID: 34504884 PMCID: PMC8421775 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.738325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family, the regulator of blood and lymphatic vessels, is mostly investigated in the tumor and ophthalmic field. However, the functions it enjoys can also interfere with the development of atherosclerosis (AS) and further diseases like coronary heart disease (CHD). The source, regulating mechanisms including upregulation and downregulation, target cells/tissues, and known functions about VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGF-C, and VEGF-D are covered in the review. VEGF-A can regulate angiogenesis, vascular permeability, and inflammation by binding with VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2. VEGF-B can regulate angiogenesis, redox, and apoptosis by binding with VEGFR-1. VEGF-C can regulate inflammation, lymphangiogenesis, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and fibrogenesis by binding with VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3. VEGF-D can regulate lymphangiogenesis, angiogenesis, fibrogenesis, and apoptosis by binding with VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3. These functions present great potential of applying the VEGF family for treating CHD. For instance, angiogenesis can compensate for hypoxia and ischemia by growing novel blood vessels. Lymphangiogenesis can degrade inflammation by providing exits for accumulated inflammatory cytokines. Anti-apoptosis can protect myocardium from impairment after myocardial infarction (MI). Fibrogenesis can promote myocardial fibrosis after MI to benefit cardiac recovery. In addition, all these factors have been confirmed to keep a link with lipid metabolism, the research about which is still in the early stage and exact mechanisms are relatively obscure. Because few reviews have been published about the summarized role of the VEGF family for treating CHD, the aim of this review article is to present an overview of the available evidence supporting it and give hints for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xueping Zhu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hanming Cui
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Shi
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guozhen Yuan
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Shi
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanhui Hu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Leuchtmann AB, Adak V, Dilbaz S, Handschin C. The Role of the Skeletal Muscle Secretome in Mediating Endurance and Resistance Training Adaptations. Front Physiol 2021; 12:709807. [PMID: 34456749 PMCID: PMC8387622 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.709807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise, in the form of endurance or resistance training, leads to specific molecular and cellular adaptions not only in skeletal muscles, but also in many other organs such as the brain, liver, fat or bone. In addition to direct effects of exercise on these organs, the production and release of a plethora of different signaling molecules from skeletal muscle are a centerpiece of systemic plasticity. Most studies have so far focused on the regulation and function of such myokines in acute exercise bouts. In contrast, the secretome of long-term training adaptation remains less well understood, and the contribution of non-myokine factors, including metabolites, enzymes, microRNAs or mitochondrial DNA transported in extracellular vesicles or by other means, is underappreciated. In this review, we therefore provide an overview on the current knowledge of endurance and resistance exercise-induced factors of the skeletal muscle secretome that mediate muscular and systemic adaptations to long-term training. Targeting these factors and leveraging their functions could not only have broad implications for athletic performance, but also for the prevention and therapy in diseased and elderly populations.
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Zhang M, Liu J, Liu G, Xing Z, Jia Z, Li J, Wang W, Wang J, Qin L, Wang X, Wang X. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy in breast cancer: Molecular pathway, potential targets, and current treatment strategies. Cancer Lett 2021; 520:422-433. [PMID: 34389434 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
As the highest incidence of female malignancy, breast cancer is likewise the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The development of cancer relies on neo-vascularization, which provides sufficient nutrition and oxygen, and supplies a pathway for distant metastasis. Angiogenesis represents the formation of new blood vessels, and is a principal pathogenetic action in breast cancer. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a major angiogenesis regulator that modulates the maintenance and function of mature vascular networks. Therefore, the VEGF pathway is a promising oncotherapeutic target. This review elaborates an update on the prognostic value of VEGF in breast cancer, summarizes clinical experience and lessons of anti-VEGF therapeutics, meanwhile, provides an overview of biomarkers that predict the effectiveness of anti-angiogenic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglu Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Zeyu Xing
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Ziqi Jia
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Wenyan Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of HuanXing, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
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Chang KT, Wang LH, Lin YM, Cheng CF, Wang GS. CELF1 promotes vascular endothelial growth factor degradation resulting in impaired microvasculature in heart failure. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21512. [PMID: 33811692 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002553r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Vascular rarefaction due to impaired angiogenesis is associated with contractile dysfunction and the transition from compensation to decompensation and heart failure. The regulatory mechanism controlling vascular rarefaction during the transition remains elusive. Increased expression of a nuclear RNA-binding protein CUGBP Elav-like family member 1 (CELF1) in the adult heart is associated with the transition from compensated hypertrophy to decompensated heart failure. Elevated CELF1 level resulted in degradation of the major cardiac gap junction protein, connexin 43, in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), the most common cause of heart failure. In the present study, we investigated the role of increased CELF1 expression in causing vascular rarefaction in DCM. CELF1 overexpression (CELF1-OE) in cardiomyocytes resulted in reduced capillary density. CELF1-OE mice administered hypoxyprobe showed immunoreactivity and increased mRNA levels of HIF1α, Glut-1, and Pdk-1, which suggested the association of a reduced capillary density-induced hypoxic condition with CELF1 overexpression. Vegfa mRNA level was downregulated in mouse hearts exhibiting DCM, including CELF1-OE and infarcted hearts. Vegfa mRNA level was also downregulated to a similar extent in cardiomyocytes isolated from infarcted hearts by Langendorff preparation, which suggested cardiomyocyte-derived Vegfa expression mediated by CELF1. Cardiomyocyte-specific depletion of CELF1 preserved the capillary density and Vegfa mRNA level in infarcted mouse hearts. Also, CELF1 bound to Vegfa mRNA and regulated Vegfa mRNA stability via the 3' untranslated region. These results suggest that elevated CELF1 level has dual effects on impairing the functions of cardiomyocytes and microvasculature in DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuei-Ting Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Hsin Wang
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Mei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Feng Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Guey-Shin Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Taiwan International Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Molecular Medicine Program, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Bao M, Chen Y, Liu JT, Bao H, Wang WB, Qi YX, Lv F. Extracellular matrix stiffness controls VEGF 165 secretion and neuroblastoma angiogenesis via the YAP/RUNX2/SRSF1 axis. Angiogenesis 2021; 25:71-86. [PMID: 34170441 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-021-09804-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant variations in angiogenesis have been observed in tumor tissues with abnormal stiffness of extracellular matrix (ECM). However, it remains largely unclear how ECM stiffness influences tumor angiogenesis. Numerous studies have reported that vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) released from tumor cells plays crucial roles in angiogenesis. Hence, we demonstrated the role of ECM stiffness in VEGF-A release from neuroblastoma (NB) cells and the underlying mechanisms. Based on 17 NB clinical samples, a negative correlation was observed between the length of blood vessels and stiffness of NB tissues. In vitro, an ECM stiffness of 30 kPa repressed the secretion of VEGF165 from NB cells which subsequently inhibited the tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Knocked down VEGF165 in NB cells or blocked VEGF165 with neutralizing antibodies both repressed the tube formation of HUVECs. Specifically, 30 kPa ECM stiffness repressed the expression and nuclear accumulation of Yes-associated protein (YAP) to regulate the expression of Serine/Arginine Splicing Factor 1 (SRSF1) via Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), which may then subsequently induce the expression and secretion of VEGF165 in NB tumor cells. Through implantation of 3D col-Tgels with different stiffness into nude mice, the inhibitory effect of 30 kPa on NB angiogenesis was confirmed in vivo. Furthermore, we found that the inhibitory effect of 30 kPa stiffness on NB angiogenesis was reversed by YAP overexpression, suggesting the important role of YAP in NB angiogenesis regulated by ECM stiffness. Overall, our work not only showed a regulatory effect of ECM stiffness on NB angiogenesis, but also revealed a new signaling axis, YAP-RUNX2-SRSF1, that mediates angiogenesis by regulating the expression and secretion of VEGF165 from NB cells. ECM stiffness and the potential molecules revealed in the present study may be new therapeutic targets for NB angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Bao
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji-Ting Liu
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Bao
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Bin Wang
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Xin Qi
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang, 200240, Shanghai, China.
| | - Fan Lv
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Yangpu, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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40
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Natua S, Dhamdhere SG, Mutnuru SA, Shukla S. Interplay within tumor microenvironment orchestrates neoplastic RNA metabolism and transcriptome diversity. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2021; 13:e1676. [PMID: 34109748 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The heterogeneous population of cancer cells within a tumor mass interacts intricately with the multifaceted aspects of the surrounding microenvironment. The reciprocal crosstalk between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME) shapes the cancer pathophysiome in a way that renders it uniquely suited for immune tolerance, angiogenesis, metastasis, and therapy resistance. This dynamic interaction involves a dramatic reconstruction of the transcriptomic landscape of tumors by altering the synthesis, modifications, stability, and processing of gene readouts. In this review, we categorically evaluate the influence of TME components, encompassing a myriad of resident and infiltrating cells, signaling molecules, extracellular vesicles, extracellular matrix, and blood vessels, in orchestrating the cancer-specific metabolism and diversity of both mRNA and noncoding RNA, including micro RNA, long noncoding RNA, circular RNA among others. We also highlight the transcriptomic adaptations in response to the physicochemical idiosyncrasies of TME, which include tumor hypoxia, extracellular acidosis, and osmotic stress. Finally, we provide a nuanced analysis of existing and prospective therapeutics targeting TME to ameliorate cancer-associated RNA metabolism, consequently thwarting the cancer progression. This article is categorized under: RNA Processing > Splicing Regulation/Alternative Splicing RNA Turnover and Surveillance > Regulation of RNA Stability RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhashis Natua
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
| | - Shruti Ganesh Dhamdhere
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
| | - Srinivas Abhishek Mutnuru
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
| | - Sanjeev Shukla
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
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41
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Gohari M, Bahrami R, Dastgheib SA, Lookzadeh MH, Noorishadkam M, Mirjalili SR, Zare-Shehneh M, Neamatzadeh H. An Updated and Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of Association between VEGA -634G > C, -460T > C, +405G > C and +936C > T Polymorphisms and Retinopathy of Prematurity Risk. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2021; 40:233-249. [PMID: 31846376 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2019.1703227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested an association between VEGF-A polymorphisms and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) risk. But the conclusions are still controversial. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the association between the VEGF-A polymorphisms and susceptibility of ROP. Methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, WanFang and CNKI databases for all eligible case-control studies published before September 30, 2019. Results: A total of 27 case-control studies with 5,748 ROP cases and 6,146 controls were selected. The results suggested that there was an association between VEGF-A -460T > C polymorphism and increased risk of ROP under the allele model (C vs. T: OR= 0.879, 95% CI 0.776-0.994, p = 0.040). However, VEGF-A -634G > C, +405G > C and +936C > T polymorphisms were not significantly associated with risk of ROP. The subgroup analysis demonstrated that VEGF-A +405G > C polymorphism was associated with ROP risk in Caucasians. Conclusions: This meta-analysis indicates that VEGF-A -460T > C polymorphism may contribute to the susceptibility for ROP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Gohari
- Geriatric Ophthalmology Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Reza Bahrami
- Neonatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Alireza Dastgheib
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohamad Hosein Lookzadeh
- Department of Pediatrics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Mother and Newborn Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mahmood Noorishadkam
- Department of Pediatrics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Mother and Newborn Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Seyed Reza Mirjalili
- Department of Pediatrics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Mother and Newborn Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Masoud Zare-Shehneh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hossein Neamatzadeh
- Mother and Newborn Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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42
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Ganta VC, Annex BH. Peripheral vascular disease: preclinical models and emerging therapeutic targeting of the vascular endothelial growth factor ligand-receptor system. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2021; 25:381-391. [PMID: 34098826 PMCID: PMC8573823 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2021.1940139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A is a sought therapeutic target for PAD treatment because of its potent role in angiogenesis. However, no therapeutic benefit was achieved in VEGF-A clinical trials, suggesting that our understanding of VEGF-A biology and ischemic angiogenic processes needs development. Alternate splicing in VEGF-A produces pro- and anti-angiogenic VEGF-A isoforms; the only difference being a 6-amino acid switch in the C-terminus of the final 8th exon of the gene. This finding has changed our understanding of VEGF-A biology and may explain the lack of benefit in VEGF-A clinical trials. It presents new therapeutic opportunities for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) treatment.Areas covered: Literature search was conducted to include: 1) predicted mechanism by which the anti-angiogenic VEGF-A isoform would inhibit angiogenesis, 2) unexpected mechanism of action, and 3) how this mechanism revealed novel signaling pathways that may enhance future therapeutics in PAD.Expert opinion: Inhibiting a specific anti-angiogenic VEGF-A isoform in ischemic muscle promotes perfusion recovery in preclinical PAD. Additional efforts focused on the production of these isoforms, and the pathways altered by modulating different VEGF receptor-ligand interactions, and how this new data may allow bedside progress offers new approaches to PAD are discussed.I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Chaitanya Ganta
- Department of Medicine and Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Brian H Annex
- Department of Medicine and Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
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43
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Carmen-Orozco RP, Dávila-Villacorta DG, Delgado-Kamiche AD, Celiz RH, Trompeter G, Sutherland G, Gavídia C, Garcia HH, Gilman RH, Verástegui MR. Changes in inflammatory gene expression in brain tissue adjacent and distant to a viable cyst in a rat model for neurocysticercosis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009295. [PMID: 33905419 PMCID: PMC8104410 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The parasite Taenia solium causes neurocysticercosis (NCC) in humans and is a common cause of adult-onset epilepsy in the developing world. Hippocampal atrophy, which occurs far from the cyst, is an emerging new complication of NCC. Evaluation of molecular pathways in brain regions close to and distant from the cyst could offer insight into this pathology. METHODS Rats were inoculated intracranially with T. solium oncospheres. After 4 months, RNA was extracted from brain tissue samples in rats with NCC and uninfected controls, and cDNA was generated. Expression of 38 genes related to different molecular pathways involved in the inflammatory response and healing was assessed by RT-PCR array. RESULTS Inflammatory cytokines IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-1, together with TGF-β and ARG-1, were overexpressed in tissue close to the parasite compared to non-infected tissue. Genes for IL-1A, CSF-1, FN-1, COL-3A1, and MMP-2 were overexpressed in contralateral tissue compared to non-infected tissue. CONCLUSIONS The viable cysticerci in the rat model for NCC is characterized by increased expression of genes associated with a proinflammatory response and fibrosis-related proteins, which may mediate the chronic state of infection. These pathways appear to influence regions far from the cyst, which may explain the emerging association between NCC and hippocampal atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogger P. Carmen-Orozco
- Infectious Diseases Laboratory Research-LID, Faculty of Science and Philosophy, Alberto Cazorla Talleri, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Danitza G. Dávila-Villacorta
- Infectious Diseases Laboratory Research-LID, Faculty of Science and Philosophy, Alberto Cazorla Talleri, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
| | - Ana D. Delgado-Kamiche
- Infectious Diseases Laboratory Research-LID, Faculty of Science and Philosophy, Alberto Cazorla Talleri, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
| | - Rensson H. Celiz
- Infectious Diseases Laboratory Research-LID, Faculty of Science and Philosophy, Alberto Cazorla Talleri, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
| | - Grace Trompeter
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Graham Sutherland
- Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Cesar Gavídia
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú
| | - Hector H. Garcia
- Infectious Diseases Laboratory Research-LID, Faculty of Science and Philosophy, Alberto Cazorla Talleri, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
- Cysticercosis Unit, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurologicas, Lima, Perú
| | - Robert H. Gilman
- Infectious Diseases Laboratory Research-LID, Faculty of Science and Philosophy, Alberto Cazorla Talleri, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
- Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Asociación Benéfica PRISMA, Lima, Perú
| | - Manuela R. Verástegui
- Infectious Diseases Laboratory Research-LID, Faculty of Science and Philosophy, Alberto Cazorla Talleri, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
- * E-mail:
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44
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Kisspeptin regulates the development of caprine primordial follicles in vitro. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL REPRODUCTION AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.12750/jarb.36.1.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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45
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Doll CF, Pereira NJ, Hashimi MS, Grindrod TJ, Alkassis FF, Cai LX, Milovanovic U, Sandino AI, Kasahara H. Gestational intermittent hyperoxia rescues murine genetic congenital heart disease in part. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6608. [PMID: 33758249 PMCID: PMC7988122 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85569-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac development is a dynamic process, temporally and spatially. When disturbed, it leads to congenital cardiac anomalies that affect approximately 1% of live births. Genetic variants in several loci lead to anomalies, with the transcription factor NKX2-5 being one of the largest. However, there are also non-genetic factors that influence cardiac malformations. We examined the hypothesis that hyperoxia may be beneficial and can rescue genetic cardiac anomalies induced by an Nkx2-5 mutation. Intermittent mild hyperoxia (40% PO2) was applied for 10 h per day to normal wild-type female mice mated with heterozygous Nkx2-5 mutant males from gestational day 8.5 to birth. Hyperoxia therapy reduced excessive trabeculation in Nkx2-5 mutant mice compared to normoxic conditions (ratio of trabecular layer relative to compact layer area, normoxia 1.84 ± 0.07 vs. hyperoxia 1.51 ± 0.04) and frequency of muscular ventricular septal defects per heart (1.53 ± 0.32 vs. 0.68 ± 0.15); however, the incidence of membranous ventricular septal defects in Nkx2-5 mutant hearts was not changed. Nkx2-5 mutant embryonic hearts showed defective coronary vessel organization, which was improved by intermittent mild hyperoxia. The results of our study showed that mild gestational hyperoxia therapy rescued genetic cardiac malformation induced by Nkx2-5 mutation in part.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra F Doll
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd. M543, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0274, USA
| | - Natalia J Pereira
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd. M543, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0274, USA
| | - Mustafa S Hashimi
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd. M543, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0274, USA
| | - Tabor J Grindrod
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd. M543, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0274, USA
| | - Fariz F Alkassis
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd. M543, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0274, USA
| | - Lawrence X Cai
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd. M543, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0274, USA
| | - Una Milovanovic
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd. M543, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0274, USA
| | - Adriana I Sandino
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd. M543, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0274, USA
| | - Hideko Kasahara
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd. M543, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0274, USA. .,International University of Health and Welfare, School of Medicine, 852 Hatakeda, Narita, Chiba, Japan.
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Analysis of putative G-quadruplex forming sequences in inflammatory mediators and their potential as targets for treating inflammatory disorders. Cytokine 2021; 142:155493. [PMID: 33713881 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
G-quadruplexes (G4s) are non-canonical secondary structures located in DNA and RNA which have demonstrable roles in the regulation of transcription and translation. G4s have received considerable interest as a drug target in cancer, given their ability to regulate the expression of proto-oncogenes and inhibit growth of cancer cells. However, their presence in the genes of inflammatory mediators has not been discussed to date. Therefore, we computationally investigated putative quadruplex-forming sequences (PQS) in the promoters and gene bodies of cytokines and chemokines. Here, we demonstrated that the promoters of IL-6, IL-12, IL-17, TGF-β, TNF, and β-chain family cytokines and XC and TAFA family chemokines display high PQS frequencies comparable to those observed in proto-oncogenes. Moreover, 47.82% of the gene promoters contained sequences with high propensity to form G4s. Furthermore, G4s can primarily be found within the GC-boxes and binding sites for specificity protein and Krϋppel-like transcription factors. However, they can also be found located in a further 59 sites involved in the binding of transcription factors involved in inflammation and immunity such as NF-κB1, RelA, RelB, IRF5, and NFAT5. We also identified that 72.17% and 70.43% of genes investigated contained sequences highly likely to form G4s in their coding and template strands, respectively. Exploring the regulatory roles of G4s in genes encoding inflammatory mediators could provide novel drug targets to modulate inflammation and treat inflammatory diseases.
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TNFR1-d2 carrying the p.(Thr79Met) pathogenic variant is a potential novel actor of TNFα/TNFR1 signalling regulation in the pathophysiology of TRAPS. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4172. [PMID: 33603056 PMCID: PMC7893027 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83539-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Binding of tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα) to its receptor (TNFR1) is critical for both survival and death cellular pathways. TNFα/TNFR1 signalling is complex and tightly regulated at different levels to control cell fate decisions. Previously, we identified TNFR1-d2, an exon 2-spliced transcript of TNFRSF1A gene encoding TNFR1, whose splicing may be modulated by polymorphisms associated with inflammatory disorders. Here, we investigated the impact of TNFRSF1A variants involved in TNFR-associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS) on TNFR1-d2 protein expression and activity. We found that TNFR1-d2 could be translated by using an internal translation initiation codon and a de novo internal ribosome entry site (IRES), which resulted in a putative TNFR1 isoform lacking its N-terminal region. The kinetic of assembly of TNFR1-d2 clusters at the cell surface was reduced as compared with full-length TNFR1. Although co-localized with the full-length TNFR1, TNFR1-d2 neither activated nuclear factor (NF)-κB signalling, nor interfered with TNFR1-induced NF-κB activation. Translation of TNFR1-d2 carrying the severe p.(Thr79Met) pathogenic variant (also known as T50M) was initiated at the mutated codon, resulting in an elongated extracellular domain, increased speed to form preassembled clusters in absence of TNFα, and constitutive NF-κB activation. Overall, TNFR1-d2 might reflect the complexity of the TNFR1 signalling pathways and could be involved in TRAPS pathophysiology of patients carrying the p.(Thr79Met) disease-causing variant.
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Mariotti V, Fiorotto R, Cadamuro M, Fabris L, Strazzabosco M. New insights on the role of vascular endothelial growth factor in biliary pathophysiology. JHEP Rep 2021; 3:100251. [PMID: 34151244 PMCID: PMC8189933 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2021.100251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The family of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) includes 5 members (VEGF-A to -D, and placenta growth factor), which regulate several critical biological processes. VEGF-A exerts a variety of biological effects through high-affinity binding to tyrosine kinase receptors (VEGFR-1, -2 and -3), co-receptors and accessory proteins. In addition to its fundamental function in angiogenesis and endothelial cell biology, VEGF/VEGFR signalling also plays a role in other cell types including epithelial cells. This review provides an overview of VEGF signalling in biliary epithelial cell biology in both normal and pathologic conditions. VEGF/VEGFR-2 signalling stimulates bile duct proliferation in an autocrine and paracrine fashion. VEGF/VEGFR-1/VEGFR-2 and angiopoietins are involved at different stages of biliary development. In certain conditions, cholangiocytes maintain the ability to secrete VEGF-A, and to express a functional VEGFR-2 receptor. For example, in polycystic liver disease, VEGF secreted by cystic cells stimulates cyst growth and vascular remodelling through a PKA/RAS/ERK/HIF1α-dependent mechanism, unveiling a new level of complexity in VEFG/VEGFR-2 regulation in epithelial cells. VEGF/VEGFR-2 signalling is also reactivated during the liver repair process. In this context, pro-angiogenic factors mediate the interactions between epithelial, mesenchymal and inflammatory cells. This process takes place during the wound healing response, however, in chronic biliary diseases, it may lead to pathological neo-angiogenesis, a condition strictly linked with fibrosis progression, the development of cirrhosis and related complications, and cholangiocarcinoma. Novel observations indicate that in cholangiocarcinoma, VEGF is a determinant of lymphangiogenesis and of the immune response to the tumour. Better insights into the role of VEGF signalling in biliary pathophysiology might help in the search for effective therapeutic strategies.
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Key Words
- ADPKD, adult dominant polycystic kidney disease
- Anti-Angiogenic therapy
- BA, biliary atresia
- BDL, bile duct ligation
- CCA, cholangiocarcinoma
- CCl4, carbon tetrachloride
- CLDs, chronic liver diseases
- Cholangiocytes
- Cholangiopathies
- DP, ductal plate
- DPM, ductal plate malformation
- DRCs, ductular reactive cells
- Development
- HIF-1α, hypoxia-inducible factor type 1α
- HSCs, hepatic stellate cells
- IHBD, intrahepatic bile ducts
- IL-, interleukin-
- LECs, lymphatic endothelial cells
- LSECs, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells
- Liver repair
- MMPs, matrix metalloproteinases
- PBP, peribiliary plexus
- PC, polycystin
- PDGF, platelet-derived growth factor
- PIGF, placental growth factor
- PLD, polycystic liver diseases
- Polycystic liver diseases
- SASP, senescence-associated secretory phenotype
- TGF, transforming growth factor
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factors
- VEGF-A
- VEGF/VEGFR-2 signalling
- VEGFR-1/2, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1/2
- mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Mariotti
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Liver Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Romina Fiorotto
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Liver Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Massimiliano Cadamuro
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, School of Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Luca Fabris
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Liver Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, School of Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Mario Strazzabosco
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Liver Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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Nosrati H, Aramideh Khouy R, Nosrati A, Khodaei M, Banitalebi-Dehkordi M, Ashrafi-Dehkordi K, Sanami S, Alizadeh Z. Nanocomposite scaffolds for accelerating chronic wound healing by enhancing angiogenesis. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:1. [PMID: 33397416 PMCID: PMC7784275 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00755-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin is the body's first barrier against external pathogens that maintains the homeostasis of the body. Any serious damage to the skin could have an impact on human health and quality of life. Tissue engineering aims to improve the quality of damaged tissue regeneration. One of the most effective treatments for skin tissue regeneration is to improve angiogenesis during the healing period. Over the last decade, there has been an impressive growth of new potential applications for nanobiomaterials in tissue engineering. Various approaches have been developed to improve the rate and quality of the healing process using angiogenic nanomaterials. In this review, we focused on molecular mechanisms and key factors in angiogenesis, the role of nanobiomaterials in angiogenesis, and scaffold-based tissue engineering approaches for accelerated wound healing based on improved angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Nosrati
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | | | - Ali Nosrati
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Khodaei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Golpayegan University of Technology, Golpayegan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Banitalebi-Dehkordi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Korosh Ashrafi-Dehkordi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Samira Sanami
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Zohreh Alizadeh
- Endometrium and Endometriosis Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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50
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Metge BJ, Kammerud SC, Pruitt HC, Shevde LA, Samant RS. Hypoxia re-programs 2'-O-Me modifications on ribosomal RNA. iScience 2020; 24:102010. [PMID: 33490918 PMCID: PMC7811136 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.102010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is one of the critical stressors encountered by various cells of the human body under diverse pathophysiologic conditions including cancer and has profound impacts on several metabolic and physiologic processes. Hypoxia prompts internal ribosome entry site (IRES)-mediated translation of key genes, such as VEGF, that are vital for tumor progression. Here, we describe that hypoxia remarkably upregulates RNA Polymerase I activity. We discovered that in hypoxia, rRNA shows a different methylation pattern compared to normoxia. Heterogeneity in ribosomes due to the diversity of ribosomal RNA and protein composition has been postulated to generate “specialized ribosomes” that differentially regulate translation. We find that in hypoxia, a sub-set of differentially methylated ribosomes recognizes the VEGF-C IRES, suggesting that ribosomal heterogeneity allows for altered ribosomal functions in hypoxia. Chronic hypoxia stimulates RNA Pol I activity In hypoxia, a pool of specialized rRNA translates VEGFC IRES Hypoxia changes 2′-O-Me modification - epitranscriptomic marks on rRNA
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon J Metge
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, WTI 320E 1824 6 Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Sarah C Kammerud
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, WTI 320E 1824 6 Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Hawley C Pruitt
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, WTI 320E 1824 6 Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Lalita A Shevde
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, WTI 320E 1824 6 Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.,O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Rajeev S Samant
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, WTI 320E 1824 6 Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.,Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA
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