1
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Seiffge-Krenke I, Sattel H. How personality factors, coping with identity-stress, and parental rearing styles contribute to the expression of somatic complaints in emerging adults in seven countries. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1257403. [PMID: 38812485 PMCID: PMC11135468 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1257403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Somatic complaints are frequently named by emerging adults in many countries, but psychological factors contributing to the high level of these often medically unexplained symptoms have received little attention. This study examines the influence of shared risk factors on somatic complaints in a culturally diverse sample. Methods and measures In a cross-cultural survey study of 2,113 emerging adults (mean age = 22.0 yrs.; SD = 2.04) from seven countries (France, Germany, Turkey, Greece, Peru, Pakistan, and Poland) personality variables, parental rearing styles, coping abilities as well as identity-related stress were assessed. In a second step we successively entered these variables in hierarchical linear mixed models, controlling for country and gender effects and their respective interaction, in order to determine their impact on the level of somatic complaints across countries. Results All these dimensions varied extensively between all countries, with females reporting higher levels of somatic complaints than men in several countries. Despite this variation, our findings demonstrate a general and stable influence of neuroticism, openness, parental rearing styles, coping abilities and identity-related stress on somatic complaints across countries. Conclusion Findings support the use of a general intervention model that includes appropriate coping strategies for emotion regulation, but also encourages support seeking for age-specific problems in dealing with identity stress during the transition to adulthood. In addition, this intervention model should be adjusted for a specific culture and gender.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heribert Sattel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Technical University Munich, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Munich, -Germany
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2
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Li M, Yan Y, Jia H, Gao Y, Qiu J, Yang W. Neural basis underlying the association between thought control ability and happiness: The moderating role of the amygdala. Psych J 2024. [PMID: 38450574 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Thought control ability (TCA) plays an important role in individuals' health and happiness. Previous studies demonstrated that TCA was closely conceptually associated with happiness. However, empirical research supporting this relationship was limited. In addition, the neural basis underlying TCA and how this neural basis influences the relationship between TCA and happiness remain unexplored. In the present study, the voxel-based morphometry (VBM) method was adopted to investigate the neuroanatomical basis of TCA in 314 healthy subjects. The behavioral results revealed a significant positive association between TCA and happiness. On the neural level, there was a significant negative correlation between TCA and the gray matter density (GMD) of the bilateral amygdala. Split-half validation analysis revealed similar results, further confirming the stability of the VBM analysis findings. Furthermore, gray matter covariance network and graph theoretical analyses showed positive association between TCA and both the node degree and node strength of the amygdala. Moderation analysis revealed that the GMD of the amygdala moderated the relationship between TCA and happiness. Specifically, the positive association between TCA and self-perceived happiness was stronger in subjects with a lower GMD of the amygdala. The present study indicated the neural basis underlying the association between TCA and happiness and offered a method of improving individual well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing, China
| | - Yuchi Yan
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Jia
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing, China
| | - Yixin Gao
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing, China
| | - Jiang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing, China
| | - Wenjing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing, China
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3
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Chen Y, Dhingra I, Chaudhary S, Fucito L, Li CSR. Overnight Abstinence Is Associated With Smaller Secondary Somatosensory Cortical Volumes and Higher Somatosensory-Motor Cortical Functional Connectivity in Cigarette Smokers. Nicotine Tob Res 2022; 24:1889-1897. [PMID: 35796689 PMCID: PMC9653081 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntac168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Abstinence symptoms present challenges to successful cessation of cigarette smoking. Chronic exposure to nicotine and long-term nicotine abstinence are associated with alterations in cortical and subcortical gray matter volumes (GMVs). AIMS AND METHODS We aimed at examining changes in regional GMVs following overnight abstinence and how these regional functions relate to abstinence symptoms. Here, in a sample of 31 regular smokers scanned both in a satiety state and after overnight abstinence, we employed voxel-wise morphometry and resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) to investigate these issues. We processed imaging data with published routines and evaluated the results with a corrected threshold. RESULTS Smokers showed smaller GMVs of the left ventral hippocampus and right secondary somatosensory cortex (SII) after overnight abstinence as compared to satiety. The GMV alterations in right SII were positively correlated with changes in withdrawal symptom severity between states. Furthermore, right SII rsFC with the precentral gyrus was stronger in abstinence as compared to satiety. The inter-regional rsFC was positively correlated with motor impulsivity and withdrawal symptom severity during abstinence and negatively with craving to smoke during satiety. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight for the first time the effects of overnight abstinence on cerebral volumetrics and changes in functional connectivity of a higher-order sensory cortex. These changes may dispose smokers to impulsive behaviors and aggravate the urge to smoke at the earliest stage of withdrawal from nicotine. IMPLICATIONS Overnight abstinence leads to changes in gray matter volumes and functional connectivity of the second somatosensory cortex in cigarette smokers. Higher somatosensory and motor cortical connectivity in abstinence is significantly correlated with trait motor impulsivity and withdrawal symptom severity. The findings add to the literature of neural markers of nicotine addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Corresponding Author: Dr. Yu Chen, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, Connecticut Mental Health Center S110A, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT 06519, USA. Telephone: +1 (347) 819-2969; E-mail:
| | - Isha Dhingra
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Shefali Chaudhary
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Lisa Fucito
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Chiang-Shan R Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Inter-department Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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4
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Chen Y, Liu Y, Gao Y, Wu X, Mo L. The relationship between self-esteem and self-concept clarity is modulated by spontaneous activities of the dACC. Front Psychol 2022; 13:926181. [PMID: 36275295 PMCID: PMC9581283 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.926181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although it has been found that self-esteem and self-concept clarity are positively correlated, self-determination theory shows that the positive relationship might be lowered for individuals whose basic psychological needs are chronically thwarted. The exact neural mechanisms underlying the relationship between self-esteem and self-concept clarity are still not fully understood. The dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) plays an important role in monitoring basic psychological needs, considering that it is more active when some basic psychological needs are actually or potentially thwarted. To better understand the neural mechanisms underlying the relationship between self-esteem and self-concept clarity, we investigated the differences in the relationship between self-esteem and self-concept clarity among healthy adults with different levels of spontaneous activities of the dACC using rs-fMRI combined with amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF). As expected, the results showed that the positive relationship between self-esteem and self-concept clarity was modulated by the ALFF value of the right dACC, which indicated that the positive relationship was significant when the ALLF value of the right dACC was lower, but the positive relationship was not significant when the ALFF value of the right dACC was higher. The modulating roles of right dACC might also reflect that the individuals with higher ALFF value of dACC might experience chronically thwarted relatedness of basic psychological needs, which means the more disturbed by thwarting relatedness information in individuals, the lower positive relationship emerged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Chen
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanchi Liu
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Wu
- School of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Mo
| | - Lei Mo
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Xin Wu
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5
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Li Y, Jiang L. State and Trait Anxiety Share Common Network Topological Mechanisms of Human Brain. Front Neuroinform 2022; 16:859309. [PMID: 35811997 PMCID: PMC9260038 DOI: 10.3389/fninf.2022.859309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Anxiety is a future-oriented unpleasant and negative mental state induced by distant and potential threats. It could be subdivided into momentary state anxiety and stable trait anxiety, which play a complex and combined role in our mental and physical health. However, no studies have systematically investigated whether these two different dimensions of anxiety share a common or distinct topological mechanism of human brain network. In this study, we used macroscale human brain morphological similarity network and functional connectivity network as well as their spatial and temporal variations to explore the topological properties of state and trait anxiety. Our results showed that state and trait anxiety were both negatively correlated with the coefficient of variation of nodal efficiency in the left frontal eyes field of volume network; state and trait anxiety were both positively correlated with the median and mode of pagerank centrality distribution in the right insula for both static and dynamic functional networks. In summary, our study confirmed that state and trait anxiety shared common human brain network topological mechanisms in the insula and the frontal eyes field, which were involved in preliminary cognitive processing stage of anxiety. Our study also demonstrated that the common brain network topological mechanisms had high spatiotemporal robustness and would enhance our understanding of human brain temporal and spatial organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Lili Jiang
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6
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Clinical Manifestations of Body Memories: The Impact of Past Bodily Experiences on Mental Health. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12050594. [PMID: 35624981 PMCID: PMC9138975 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12050594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Bodily experiences such as the feeling of touch, pain or inner signals of the body are deeply emotional and activate brain networks that mediate their perception and higher-order processing. While the ad hoc perception of bodily signals and their influence on behavior is empirically well studied, there is a knowledge gap on how we store and retrieve bodily experiences that we perceived in the past, and how this influences our everyday life. Here, we explore the hypothesis that negative body memories, that is, negative bodily experiences of the past that are stored in memory and influence behavior, contribute to the development of somatic manifestations of mental health problems including somatic symptoms, traumatic re-experiences or dissociative symptoms. By combining knowledge from the areas of cognitive neuroscience and clinical neuroscience with insights from psychotherapy, we identify Clinical Body Memory (CBM) mechanisms that specify how mental health problems could be driven by corporeal experiences stored in memory. The major argument is that the investigation of the neuronal mechanisms that underlie the storage and retrieval of body memories provides us with empirical access to reduce the negative impact of body memories on mental health.
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7
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Wang H, Zhu WF, Xia LX. Brain structural correlates of aggression types from the perspective of disinhibition–control: A voxel-based morphometric study. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-02712-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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8
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Superior frontal gyrus and middle temporal gyrus connectivity mediates the relationship between neuroticism and thought suppression. Brain Imaging Behav 2022; 16:1400-1409. [PMID: 35041138 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-021-00599-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Thought suppression, which is defined as an effort "not to think about" a particular thought, is essential to maintain good mental health. Despite previous functional imaging studies on thought suppression and related functional activity, the neural basis of thought suppression in individual difference is still unclear. Many studies have focused on the relationship between neuroticism and thought suppression; however, the neural basis of this relationship is not well known. Thus, in the present study, we investigated the neural basis of thought suppression and further explored the neural mechanisms underlying the relationship between neuroticism and thought suppression. The first step was to use voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to investigate the neuroanatomical basis of thought suppression in healthy subjects. We found a significant positive correlation between thought suppression and the gray matter volume (GMV) of the right superior frontal gyrus (SFG). The second step was to use resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) to investigate the neural functional basis of thought suppression. The results showed that thought suppression was positively correlated with rsFC between the right SFG and the left middle temporal gyrus (MTG). Interestingly, the relationship between neuroticism and thought suppression was mediated by the strength of rsFC between the right SFG and the left MTG. The results suggest that better ability to suppress unwanted intrusive thoughts is supported by greater GMV of the right SFG and stronger functional connectivity between the SFG and MTG. They also indicate that weak rsFC between the SFG and MTG can partly explain the negative association between neuroticism and thought suppression.
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9
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“Nothing to see here”: No structural brain differences as a function of the Big Five personality traits from a systematic review and meta-analysis. PERSONALITY NEUROSCIENCE 2022; 5:e8. [PMID: 35991756 PMCID: PMC9379932 DOI: 10.1017/pen.2021.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Personality reflects social, affective, and cognitive predispositions that emerge from genetic and environmental influences. Contemporary personality theories conceptualize a Big Five Model of personality based on the traits of neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness to experience. Starting around the turn of the millennium, neuroimaging studies began to investigate functional and structural brain features associated with these traits. Here, we present the first study to systematically evaluate the entire published literature of the association between the Big Five traits and three different measures of brain structure. Qualitative results were highly heterogeneous, and a quantitative meta-analysis did not produce any replicable results. The present study provides a comprehensive evaluation of the literature and its limitations, including sample heterogeneity, Big Five personality instruments, structural image data acquisition, processing, and analytic strategies, and the heterogeneous nature of personality and brain structures. We propose to rethink the biological basis of personality traits and identify ways in which the field of personality neuroscience can be strengthened in its methodological rigor and replicability.
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10
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Hu J, Liu J, Liu Y, Wu X, Zhuang K, Chen Q, Yang W, Xie P, Qiu J, Wei D. Dysfunction of the anterior and intermediate hippocampal functional network in major depressive disorders across the adult lifespan. Biol Psychol 2021; 165:108192. [PMID: 34555480 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2021.108192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that structural and functional abnormalities in hippocampal formation are linked to major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) of hippocampal subfields in MDD remains unclear. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the RSFC of hippocampal subfields in a large sample of MDD patients. The results revealed that patients with MDD showed lower RSFC between the right anterior hippocampus and the insula, and the RSFC was inversely correlated with anxiety symptoms of depression. Depressed patients also showed decreased RSFC between the bilateral intermediate hippocampus and left nucleus accumbens (NAcc), and the hippocampus-NAcc circuit was negatively correlated with core symptoms of depression. The functional connectivity between the right anterior hippocampus and left postcentral gyrus increased with ageing in MDD patients compared with healthy controls. These findings suggest that the functional network of hippocampal subfields may underlie anxiety and core depression symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hu
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jiahui Liu
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xianran Wu
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Kaixiang Zhuang
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qunlin Chen
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Wenjing Yang
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Peng Xie
- Institute of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiang Qiu
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Dongtao Wei
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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11
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Wu X, Zhao Y. Degree Centrality of a Brain Network Is Altered by Stereotype Threat: Evidences From a Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study. Front Psychol 2021; 12:705363. [PMID: 34531795 PMCID: PMC8439390 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.705363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have found the effects of stereotype threat (ST) on cognitive processes, emotions, and motivations which could account for the underperformance in domain tasks. Efficient brain function does not require the function of different brain regions during specific tasks, but it does require the brain networks on which information is transported. Based on these, the effects of ST on the degree centrality under the resting state of brain regions related to these processes were investigated under math-related ST. The results showed that RSDC was decreased in the left hippocampus and left middle occipital gyrus (MOC), while RSDC was increased in the left precuneus, the right angular gyrus (AG), and the right superior parietal gyrus (SPG) under ST. Interestingly, we also found that the right-left anterior temporal lobe (ATL) and the right hippocampus were negatively correlated with manipulation check (MC) score in the ST group, while the right-left ATL and the right hippocampus were positively correlated with MC score in the control group. These results might reflect those individuals who attempted to inhibit the negative emotions induced by the negative stereotypes under ST conditions while increasing the self-relevant processes by retrieving episodic memory or autobiographical memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wu
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,School of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yufang Zhao
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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12
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Besteher B, Gaser C, Nenadić I. Brain Structure and Subclinical Symptoms: A Dimensional Perspective of Psychopathology in the Depression and Anxiety Spectrum. Neuropsychobiology 2021; 79:270-283. [PMID: 31340207 DOI: 10.1159/000501024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Human psychopathology is the result of complex and subtle neurobiological alterations. Categorial DSM or ICD diagnoses do not allow a biologically founded and differentiated description of these diverse processes across a spectrum or continuum, emphasising the need for a scientific and clinical paradigm shift towards a dimensional psychiatric nosology. The subclinical part of the spectrum is, however, of special interest for early detection of mental disorders. We review the current evidence of brain structural correlates (grey matter volume, cortical thickness, and gyrification) in non-clinical (psychiatrically healthy) subjects with minor depressive and anxiety symptoms. We identified 16 studies in the depressive spectrum and 20 studies in the anxiety spectrum. These studies show effects associated with subclinical symptoms in the hippocampus, anterior cingulate cortex, and anterior insula similar to major depression and changes in amygdala similar to anxiety disorders. Precuneus and temporal areas as parts of the default mode network were affected specifically in the subclinical studies. We derive several methodical considerations crucial to investigations of brain structural correlates of minor psycho(patho)logical symptoms in healthy participants. And we discuss neurobiological overlaps with findings in patients as well as distinct findings, e.g. in areas involved in the default mode network. These results might lead to more insight into the early pathogenesis of clinical significant depression or anxiety and need to be enhanced by multi-centre and longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Besteher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany,
| | - Christian Gaser
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Igor Nenadić
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps University Marburg/Marburg University Hospital - UKGM, Marburg, Germany
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13
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Liu X, Lai H, Li J, Becker B, Zhao Y, Cheng B, Wang S. Gray matter structures associated with neuroticism: A meta-analysis of whole-brain voxel-based morphometry studies. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:2706-2721. [PMID: 33704850 PMCID: PMC8127153 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroticism is major higher-order personality trait and has been robustly associated with mental and physical health outcomes. Although a growing body of studies have identified neurostructural markers of neuroticism, the results remained highly inconsistent. To characterize robust associations between neuroticism and variations in gray matter (GM) structures, the present meta-analysis investigated the concurrence across voxel-based morphometry (VBM) studies using the anisotropic effect size signed differential mapping (AES-SDM). A total of 13 studies comprising 2,278 healthy subjects (1,275 females, 29.20 ± 14.17 years old) were included. Our analysis revealed that neuroticism was consistently associated with the GM structure of a cluster spanning the bilateral dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and extending to the adjacent medial prefrontal cortex (dACC/mPFC). Meta-regression analyses indicated that the neuroticism-GM associations were not confounded by age and gender. Overall, our study is the first whole-brain meta-analysis exploring the brain structural correlates of neuroticism, and the findings may have implications for the intervention of high-neuroticism individuals, who are at risk of mental disorders, by targeting the dACC/mPFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiqin Liu
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Han Lai
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingguang Li
- College of Teacher Education, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Benjamin Becker
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yajun Zhao
- School of Education and Psychology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bochao Cheng
- Department of Radiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Song Wang
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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14
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Enea V, Eisenbeck N, Petrescu TC, Carreno DF. Perceived Impact of Quarantine on Loneliness, Death Obsession, and Preoccupation With God: Predictors of Increased Fear of COVID-19. Front Psychol 2021; 12:643977. [PMID: 33776871 PMCID: PMC7988074 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.643977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Most countries are facing the societal challenging need for a new quarantine period due to the increasing number of COVID-19 infections, indicating a second or even third wave of disease. The COVID-19 pandemic has brought to the surface existential issues that are typically less present in people's focal attention. The first aim of this study was to identify some of these existential struggles such as increased feelings of loneliness, death obsession, and preoccupation with God. Secondly, we explored the association of these factors with the increased fear of coronavirus during the quarantine. Data was collected from 1,340 Romanian adults using a cross-sectional web-based survey design in the midst of the national lockdown period of COVID-19. Participants completed measures of COVID-19 related loneliness, death obsession, and preoccupation with God twice; first, thinking about the period before the pandemic, and second, for the current situation during the quarantine. Then, they completed a fear of COVID-19 measure. Participants perceived an increase in the feelings of loneliness, death obsession, and preoccupation with God during the confinement. Furthermore, gender, knowing someone diagnosed with COVID-19, loneliness, death obsession, and preoccupation with God predicted fear of COVID-19. Interestingly, days in isolation did not predict fear of COVID-19 nor were associated with feelings of loneliness. In line with existential positive psychology, these results highlight the importance of policies and interventions targeting the experience of loneliness, spiritual beliefs, and particularly those aimed to promote death acceptance, in order to alleviate intense fear of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Enea
- Department of Psychology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Nikolett Eisenbeck
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment, Faculty of Psychology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | | | - David F. Carreno
- Department of Psychology, Universidad de Almería, Almería, Spain
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15
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Yang J, Yu Y, Wang W, Qiu J. Atypical neural activation associated with implicit negative emotional facial processing in fMRI tasks in individuals with neuroticism personality traits. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01486-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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16
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Green C, Shen X, Stevenson AJ, Conole ELS, Harris MA, Barbu MC, Hawkins EL, Adams MJ, Hillary RF, Lawrie SM, Evans KL, Walker RM, Morris SW, Porteous DJ, Wardlaw JM, Steele JD, Waiter GD, Sandu AL, Campbell A, Marioni RE, Cox SR, Cavanagh J, McIntosh AM, Whalley HC. Structural brain correlates of serum and epigenetic markers of inflammation in major depressive disorder. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 92:39-48. [PMID: 33221487 PMCID: PMC7910280 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory processes are implicated in the aetiology of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD); however, the relationship between peripheral inflammation, brain structure and depression remains unclear, partly due to complexities around the use of acute/phasic inflammatory biomarkers. Here, we report the first large-scale study of both serological and methylomic signatures of CRP (considered to represent acute and chronic measures of inflammation respectively) and their associations with depression status/symptoms, and structural neuroimaging phenotypes (T1 and diffusion MRI) in a large community-based sample (Generation Scotland; NMDD cases = 271, Ncontrols = 609). Serum CRP was associated with overall MDD severity, and specifically with current somatic symptoms- general interest (β = 0.145, PFDR = 6 × 10-4) and energy levels (β = 0.101, PFDR = 0.027), along with reduced entorhinal cortex thickness (β = -0.095, PFDR = 0.037). DNAm CRP was significantly associated with reduced global grey matter/cortical volume and widespread reductions in integrity of 16/24 white matter tracts (with greatest regional effects in the external and internal capsules, βFA= -0.12 to -0.14). In general, the methylation-based measures showed stronger associations with imaging metrics than serum-based CRP measures (βaverage = -0.15 versus βaverage = 0.01 respectively). These findings provide evidence for central effects of peripheral inflammation from both serological and epigenetic markers of inflammation, including in brain regions previously implicated in depression. This suggests that these imaging measures may be involved in the relationship between peripheral inflammation and somatic/depressive symptoms. Notably, greater effects on brain morphology were seen for methylation-based rather than serum-based measures of inflammation, indicating the importance of such measures for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Green
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Xueyi Shen
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Anna J Stevenson
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Eleanor L S Conole
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Lothian Birth Cohorts Group, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mathew A Harris
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Miruna C Barbu
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Emma L Hawkins
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mark J Adams
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Robert F Hillary
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Kathryn L Evans
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rosie M Walker
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Stewart W Morris
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David J Porteous
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Joanna M Wardlaw
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - J Douglas Steele
- Division of Imaging Science and Technology, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Gordon D Waiter
- Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Anca-Larisa Sandu
- Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Riccardo E Marioni
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Simon R Cox
- Lothian Birth Cohorts Group, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jonathan Cavanagh
- Institute of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, College of Medical and Veterinary Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical and Veterinary Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Andrew M McIntosh
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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17
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Oliveira SESD, Bandeira DR, Primi R, Krueger RF. Psychometric Properties of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) in Brazilian Samples. PSICO-USF 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1413-8271202126nesp11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract This study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) in Brazilian community and clinical samples. This research included 1,210 people, 554 of them with psychopathology indicators. The participants answered the PID-5 and the Self-Reporting Questionnaire, in addition to a sociodemographic and health data questionnaire that included the six items of the suicidality module of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. The results showed that the 25 facets of the PID-5 had adequate reliability coefficients and evidence of unidimensionality. The instrument’s five-factor structure was replicated with high levels of congruence with the representative sample from North America. PID-5 scores were statistically different between clinical and community groups and were positively correlated with measures of suicide risk and psychopathological symptoms. This study presents the psychometric properties of PID-5 and its suitability for use in the Brazilian population.
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18
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Wei D, Liu Y, Zhuang K, Lv J, Meng J, Sun J, Chen Q, Yang W, Qiu J. Brain Structures Associated With Individual Differences in Somatic Symptoms and Emotional Distress in a Healthy Sample. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:492990. [PMID: 33281578 PMCID: PMC7705100 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.492990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress-related psychosomatic responses are viewed as important risks to our physical health. Growing evidence from structural imaging studies has implicated that stress and trauma exposures have negative effects on brain structural alterations. However, whether stress-related emotional distress and somatic symptoms are related to the structure of brain systems remains unclear. Also, stress-related somatic symptoms have adverse effects on emotional distress. In turn, emotional distress may influence somatic symptom reports via negative cognitive bias. However, whether this relationship is mediated by specific brain morphology remains poorly understood. First, we used voxel-based morphometric approaches to investigate the neuroanatomical basis underlying somatic symptoms and emotional distress in a large sample of healthy subjects (ages 18–27 years). We found that relatively high stress-related somatic symptoms were associated with reduced gray matter volumes (GMVs) in the ventral medial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), anterior insula, somatosensory cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala. Furthermore, a moderator analysis was performed to investigate the impact of recent stressful life events (moderators) on the association between specific GMVs (independent variables) and emotional distress (dependent variables). Interestingly, high levels of emotional distress were associated with small volumes of the vmPFC, anterior insula, hippocampus, and amygdala in participants with experience with more recent stressful life events. Finally, we performed mediation analyses to investigate the specific brain areas that mediate the association between emotional distress and somatic symptoms. The results showed that the effect of emotional distress on somatic symptoms is mediated by reductions in the volume of the hippocampus, the impact of somatic symptoms on emotional distress is mediated by the volume of the vmPFC. These results provided evidence that higher stress-related somatic symptoms are associated with smaller volume in prefrontal, insula, and limbic regions involved in emotion, interoception, and memory processing. The vmPFC and hippocampus play different roles in the relationship between emotional distress and somatic symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongtao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Faculty of Psychology, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China.,Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Faculty of Psychology, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China.,Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kaixiang Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Faculty of Psychology, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China.,Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jieyu Lv
- Department of Psychology, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Meng
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Faculty of Psychology, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China.,Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiangzhou Sun
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Faculty of Psychology, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China.,Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qunlin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Faculty of Psychology, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China.,Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenjing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Faculty of Psychology, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China.,Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Faculty of Psychology, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China.,Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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19
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Zhang W, Zhuang K, Chen Q, Shi B, Qiu J, Wang N. Relationship between self-defeating humor and the Gray matter volume in the orbital frontal cortex: the moderating effect of divergent thinking. Brain Imaging Behav 2020; 15:2168-2177. [PMID: 33210225 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-020-00412-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The self-defeating humor style is characterized by the excessive use of self-mockery, fawning over others and ineffective denial of negative emotions. The differences in brain structures responsible for self-defeating humor and the role of divergent thinking (DT) in this relationship have not been directly investigated in a large sample. Using voxel-based morphometry (VBM), we identified the association between regional gray matter volume (GMV) and self-defeating humor (assessed by the Humor Style Questionnaire) in 284 participants. Then, the role of DT (assessed by the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking, TTCT) in the relationship between humor and the related brain regions was examined in the participants (N = 280). The results showed that self-defeating humor was significantly positively associated with the regional GMV in the left orbital frontal cortex (OFC) and that DT had a moderating effect on this relationship. Among the individuals with higher DT, a strong positive correlation was observed between self-defeating humor and the OFC, but among individuals with lower DT, this correlation was weaker. These results reveal that the interaction between brain structures and DT plays an important role in humor, thus providing new evidence enhancing our understanding of the mechanism of humor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition and School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Kaixiang Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China.,School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Qunlin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China.,School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Baoguo Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition and School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Jiang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China.,School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition and School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
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20
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Spontaneous brain state oscillation is associated with self-reported anxiety in a non-clinical sample. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19754. [PMID: 33184367 PMCID: PMC7661527 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76211-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-correlation relationship between the default-mode network (DMN) and task-positive network (TPN) may provide valuable information on cognitive functions and mental disorders. Moreover, maintaining a specific brain state and efficaciously switching between different states are considered important for self-regulation and adaptation to changing environments. However, it is currently unclear whether competitions between the DMN and TPN are associated with negative affect (here, anxiety and depression) in non-clinical samples. We measured the average dwell time of DMN dominance over the TPN (i.e., the average state duration before transition to another state, indicating persistent DMN dominance) with a sample of 302 non-clinical young adults. Subsequently, we explored individual differences in this persistent DMN dominance by examining its correlations with subjective depression and anxiety feelings. Moreover, we linked state transition between DMN/TPN dominance with right fronto-insular cortex (RFIC) blood oxygen-level dependent signal variability. We found that the average dwell time of DMN dominance was positively associated with self-reported anxiety. Furthermore, state transition between DMN or TPN dominance was positively linked to RFIC activity. These findings highlight the importance of investigating the complex and dynamic reciprocal inhibition patterns of the DMN and TPN and the important role of the RFIC in the association between these networks.
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21
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Lenhart L, Steiger R, Waibel M, Mangesius S, Grams AE, Singewald N, Gizewski ER. Cortical reorganization processes in meditation naïve participants induced by 7 weeks focused attention meditation training. Behav Brain Res 2020; 395:112828. [PMID: 32745662 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Based on the evidence that meditation is associated with numerous beneficial effects on well-being and reduced stress-related symptoms, mindfulness-based techniques were increasingly implemented into psychotherapeutic programs. However, different meditation styles and the cross-sectional nature of most previous analyses resulted in a great variety of morphometric findings. The present study aims to elucidate cortical reorganization processes and altered axonal integrity caused by short-term meditation training, and benefits from solely using focused attention meditation (FAM). METHODS 3 T MRI, including T1-MPRAGE and diffusion-weighted sequences, was performed in 27 healthy, meditation naïve participants (age: 43 ± 12.4 years) pre and post FAM meditation training (duration: 7.3 ± 0.4 weeks). Voxel-based morphometry was applied to assess brain changes in gray and white matter. Questionnaires were filled out by the individuals at both time-points to evaluate quality of life and self-awareness deficits. RESULTS The major findings comprised (i) gray matter increases in the insula, the caudate nucleus and frontal cortices, (ii) decreases in extended parietotemporal regions, the right medial prefrontal cortex and the parahippocampal gyrus, as well as (iii) fractional anisotropy increases of the right hippocampus, the basal ganglia and adjacent regions. Regression analysis revealed an association of specific alterations with reduced levels of state anxiety. CONCLUSIONS FAM training induced a broad range of dynamic brain alterations even within few weeks of training. Interestingly, this cohort revealed more, and partially different patterns of structural gray matter change compared to prior studies. The broad impact on neuronal organization processes may reflect more general outcomes related to health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Lenhart
- Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Core Facility, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Ruth Steiger
- Department of Neuroradiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Core Facility, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Stephanie Mangesius
- Department of Neuroradiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Core Facility, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Astrid E Grams
- Department of Neuroradiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Core Facility, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Nicolas Singewald
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy and CMBI, Leopold Franzens University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Elke R Gizewski
- Department of Neuroradiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Core Facility, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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22
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Zhang R, Chen Z, Xu T, Zhang L, Feng T. The overlapping region in right hippocampus accounting for the link between trait anxiety and procrastination. Neuropsychologia 2020; 146:107571. [PMID: 32721496 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Procrastination refers as putting off an intended course of action voluntarily despite expecting to be worse off for the delay, ubiquitously causing troubles across life domains. Prior studies revealed the positive correlation between trait anxiety and procrastination. However, little was known about the neural substrates responsible for the relation between trait anxiety and procrastination. To address this issue, the current study explored the neural basis underlying how trait anxiety linked to procrastination using the voxel-based morphometry (VBM) method across two independent samples. In line with previous studies, the behavioral result confirmed that trait anxiety was positively correlated with procrastination (sample 1). The VBM analyses showed that trait anxiety and procrastination shared the common neural underpinnings in the right hippocampus (sample 1). To verify the reliability of results, the overlapping region in the right hippocampus was defined as a region of interest (ROI) to extract the GM volumes of this area in sample 2. Furthermore, the mediation analysis showed that the GM volumes in the overlapping region played a mediating role in the relationship between trait anxiety and procrastination (sample 2). These results suggested the shared anatomical structure in the right hippocampus, a region implicated in episodic prospection, could be responsible for how trait anxiety related to procrastination. Taken together, present findings yielded insights into the role of episodic prospection accounting for the relationship between trait anxiety and procrastination from a neural basis perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhang
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiyi Chen
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Libin Zhang
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingyong Feng
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, China.
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23
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Individual differences in neuroticism personality trait in emotion regulation. J Affect Disord 2020; 265:468-474. [PMID: 32090774 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Higher neuroticism personality trait individuals have more negative mood states, more sensitive to negative information, and higher risk of mental illness. Good emotion regulation ability play an important role in healthy psychological, social and physical outcomes. Previous studies have suggested that higher neuroticism individuals have a diminished ability to regulate emotion regulation. Up to now, few studies investigate the neural basis between neuroticism and emotion regulation. METHOD In present study, we want to explore the neuroticism and the activity of some brain regions and functional amygdala connectivity (psycho-physiological interaction [PPI]) in a cognitive reappraisal task. Thus, 160 healthy young participants were scanned during a cognitive reappraisal task. RESULTS The results revealed that neuroticism scores showed a significant negative association with the activity of the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC), inferior frontal cortex and middle frontal cortex in regulation of negative emotion. PPI analyses revealed that neuroticism scores were negatively associated with amygdala-dmPFC connectivity in regulation of negative emotion. LIMITATION Only cognitive reappraisal were investigated in this study. Other emotion regulation strategies such as expressive suppression need to be explored in the future study. CONCLUSION These results may suggest that highly neurotic participants display diminished cognitive reappraisal and diminished control function of the dmPFC over the amygdala in regulation of negative emotion.
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24
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Zhang R, Chen Z, Liu P, Feng T. The neural substrates responsible for how trait anxiety affects delay discounting: Right hippocampal and cerebellar connectivity with bistable right inferior parietal lobule. Psychophysiology 2019; 57:e13495. [PMID: 31642530 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Delay discounting, an indicator of impulsivity, refers to the extent of devaluing future rewards. Studies have found that individuals with trait anxiety generally depreciate the later larger rewards, showing steeper delay discounting rates. However, little is known about the neural substrates responsible for how trait anxiety affects individuals' delay discounting. To address this question, we employed the voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) methods to explore the neural substrates of trait anxiety responsible for delay discounting. Behavioral results showed that trait anxiety was significantly positively correlated with delay discounting rates. The VBM analysis revealed that gray matter volumes of the right hippocampus (RHPC) and right cerebellum (RCere) were significantly positively correlated with trait anxiety. Moreover, the RSFC results showed that bistable right inferior parietal lobule (RIPL) connectivity with the RHPC and RCere were all inversely associated with trait anxiety. More importantly, mediation analysis indicated that trait anxiety played a completely mediating role in the relation between functional connectivity of RHPC-RIPL and RCere-RIPL and delay discounting. These results suggested that bistable RIPL connectivity with RHPC and RCere could be neural substrates underlying the effect of trait anxiety on delay discounting. On the whole, the current study yields insights into how trait anxiety affects delay discounting and provides a novel account from a neural basis perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhang
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiyi Chen
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peiwei Liu
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Tingyong Feng
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
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25
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Li Y, Yang Y, Yang J, Qi S, Wang X, Han K, Hu W, Qiu J. Different Effects of Motivation Orientation on Ideational Flexibility: Key Role of Optimism. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.5406/amerjpsyc.132.3.0267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The present study investigated the relationships between motivation orientation (approach and avoidance motivations) and ideational flexibility and the potential effects of optimism on these associations in a large behavioral sample of 320 healthy young adults. As predicted, the approach motivation-ideational flexibility relationship and the avoidance motivation-ideational flexibility relationship were differentially affected by individual difference measures of dispositional optimism. More specifically, optimism significantly moderated the relationship between avoidance motivation and ideational flexibility, whereas it did not moderate the relationship between approach motivation and ideational flexibility. Detailed analysis revealed that avoidance motivation related positively to ideational flexibility, especially for people with low optimism. Furthermore, in an external validation analysis using data obtained from an independent sample of participants (replication cohort; n = 249), we showed that dispositional optimism can reliably affect the approach motivation-ideational flexibility relationship and the avoidance motivation-ideational flexibility relationship differentially. These findings help resolve the ongoing controversy surrounding the nature of the motivation orientation-creativity nexus and have potential implications for current practice and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadan Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology, Shaanxi Normal University
| | | | - Junyi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Southwest University
| | - Senqing Qi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology, Shaanxi Normal University
| | - Xuewei Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology, Shaanxi Normal University
| | - Keyang Han
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Southwest University
| | - Weiping Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology, Shaanxi Normal University
| | - Jiang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Southwest University
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26
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A loneliness model of hypochondriasis among older adults: The mediating role of intolerance of uncertainty and anxious symptoms. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2019; 83:86-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2019.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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27
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Critical thinking and regional gray matter volume interact to predict representation connection in scientific problem solving. Exp Brain Res 2019; 237:2035-2044. [PMID: 31165914 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-019-05517-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Representation connection (RC) is a stable ability that significantly predicts the accuracy of scientific innovation problem solving while critical thinking has been strongly related to problem solving. However, the neural mechanisms underlying this relationship have not been assessed. Using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and scientific innovation problem solving materials, we investigated the correlation between RC and regional gray matter volume (rGMV) in healthy young participants. We found that RC was positively correlated with rGMV in the right superior temporal gyrus (STG) and in a cluster in the left medial frontal gyrus (MFG). These results indicate that increased rGMV in the right STG may lead to the ability to overcome misdirection more easily, which may result in better semantic integration of the "certain construction" of heuristic prototypes. Increased rGMV in the left MFG may be associated with forming novel associations and retrieving matched unsolved technical problems from memory. Further analysis revealed that the interaction between critical thinking and rGMV predicted RC in insightful problem solving, and found that higher rGMV was correlated with higher RC in participants with lower cognitive maturity, but not in participants with higher cognitive maturity. These findings suggest that rGMV could interact with cognitive maturity to modulate RC in insightful problem solving.
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28
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Li X, Zhang M, Li K, Zou F, Wang Y, Wu X, Zhang H. The Altered Somatic Brain Network in State Anxiety. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:465. [PMID: 31312147 PMCID: PMC6613038 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly anxious individuals often show excessive emotional arousal, somatic arousal, and characteristics of mental illness. Previous researches have extensively investigated the emotional and cognitive biases of individuals with high anxiety, but overlooked the spontaneous brain activity and functional connections associated with somatic arousal. In this study, we investigated the relationship between state anxiety and the spontaneous brain activity of the somatosensory cortex in a non-clinical healthy population with state anxiety. Furthermore, we also explored the functional connections of the somatosensory cortex. We found that state anxiety was positively correlated with the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFFs) of somatic related brain regions, including the right postcentral gyrus (somatosensory cortex) and the right precentral gyrus (somatic motor cortex). Furthermore, we found that state anxiety was positively correlated with the connections between the postcentral gyrus and the left cerebellum gyrus, whereas state anxiety was negatively correlated with the connectivity between the postcentral gyrus and brain regions including the left inferior frontal cortex and left medial superior frontal cortex. These results revealed the association between the anxious individuals' body-loop and state anxiety in a healthy population, which revealed the importance of somatic brain regions in anxiety symptoms and provided a new perspective on anxiety for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianrui Li
- School of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- School of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Department of Psychiatry, Henan Mental Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Henan Mental Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Feng Zou
- School of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- School of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xin Wu
- School of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Hongxing Zhang
- School of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Department of Psychiatry, Henan Mental Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Xinxiang, China
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29
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Yuan S, Ding C, Yang W, Xu M, Zhang L, Yao X, Du X, Qiu J, Yang D. Gray matter volume of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex moderates the relationship between rumination and depressed mood. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-018-0048-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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30
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Brain structural connectivity and neuroticism in healthy adults. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16491. [PMID: 30405187 PMCID: PMC6220248 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34846-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the neural correlates of the neurotic brain is important because neuroticism is a risk factor for the development of psychopathology. We examined the correlation between brain structural networks and neuroticism based on NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) scores. Fifty-one healthy participants (female, n = 18; male, n = 33; mean age, 38.5 ± 11.7 years) underwent the NEO-FFI test and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including diffusion tensor imaging and 3D T1WI. Using MRI data, for each participant, we constructed whole-brain interregional connectivity matrices by deterministic tractography and calculated the graph theoretical network measures, including the characteristic path length, global clustering coefficient, small-worldness, and betweenness centrality (BET) in 83 brain regions from the Desikan-Killiany atlas with subcortical segmentation using FreeSurfer. In relation to the BET, neuroticism score had a negative correlation in the left isthmus cingulate cortex, left superior parietal, left superior temporal, right caudal middle frontal, and right entorhinal cortices, and a positive correlation in the bilateral frontal pole, left caudal anterior cingulate cortex, and left fusiform gyrus. No other measurements showed significant correlations. Our results imply that the brain regions related to neuroticism exist in various regions, and that the neuroticism trait is likely formed as a result of interactions among these regions. This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Comprehensive Brain Science Network) from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture of Japan.
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31
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Li B, Li X, Pan Y, Qiu J, Zhang D. The relationship between self-enhancing humor and precuneus volume in young healthy individuals with high and low cognitive empathy. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3467. [PMID: 29472593 PMCID: PMC5823885 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21890-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A self-enhancing humor style (SEHS) plays an important role in the regulation of negative emotion through humorous perspective-taking. Following the mind-reading theories of humor, we investigated the relationship between gray-matter volume (GMV) of brain areas related to theory of mind and SEHS in young college students, using voxel-based morphometry analysis. We then performed a voxel-wise analysis of covariance to assess any moderation effect of cognitive empathy on the relationship. Results demonstrated that higher SEHS scores were associated with larger GMV of the precuneus in the group with high cognitive empathy, but there was no association in the group with low cognitive empathy. These results suggest that high cognitive empathy and increased precuneus volume can predict greater use of self-enhancing humor in young healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Li
- School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.,Center for Mental Health Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Yangu Pan
- Research Institute of Social Development, Southwest University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, 610074, China
| | - Jiang Qiu
- School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China. .,Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Dajun Zhang
- School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China. .,Center for Mental Health Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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32
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Li H, Chen Q, Lu J, Qiu J. Brain Structural Bases of Tendency to Forgive: evidence from a young adults sample using voxel-based morphometry. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16856. [PMID: 29203803 PMCID: PMC5715096 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16868-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tendency to forgive refers to one's global dispositional level of forgiveness across situations and relationships. Brain imaging studies examined activation patterns underlying forgiving response, yet focal differences in brain structures related to tendency to forgive have never been investigated. In this study, voxel-based morphometry was used to investigate relations between gray matter/white matter volume (GMV/WMV) and individual differences in tendency to forgive in a large young sample. Participants were 199 young students (60 men) who completed the tendency to forgive scale (TTF) and underwent an anatomical magnetic resonance imaging scan. Results showed that higher TTF scores were associated with larger GMV in the regions of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and smaller GMV in the regions of the right insular cortex and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). Moreover, higher TTF scores were also related to smaller WMV in the regions of the left IFG. Together, these findings suggest structural variations for individual differences in the tendency to forgive, distributed across different brain regions associated with empathic response and cognitive control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijiang Li
- Department of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Qunlin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jiamei Lu
- Department of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China.
| | - Jiang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
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33
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Li H, Lu J. The Neural Association between Tendency to Forgive and Spontaneous Brain Activity in Healthy Young Adults. Front Hum Neurosci 2017; 11:561. [PMID: 29209186 PMCID: PMC5701943 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The tendency to forgive (TTF) refers to one’s global dispositional level of forgiveness across situations and relationships. Previous brain imaging studies examined activation patterns underlying forgiving process, yet the association between individual differences in the TTF and spontaneous brain activity at resting-state remains unknown. In this study, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to investigate the correlation between the TTF and spontaneous brain activity in a young adult sample. Participants were 178 young students (55 men) who completed the TTF scale and underwent a resting-state fMRI scan. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to assess the association between the regional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and TTF scores corrected for age and sex. Results showed that the ALFF value in the right dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC), precuneus and inferior parietal lobule (IPL) were negatively associated with TTF scores. These findings suggest that the spontaneous brain activity of brain regions like the dmPFC, precuneus and IPL which are implicated in mentalizing and empathic response are associated with individual differences in the TTF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijiang Li
- Department of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiamei Lu
- Department of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
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34
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Besteher B, Gaser C, Langbein K, Dietzek M, Sauer H, Nenadić I. Effects of subclinical depression, anxiety and somatization on brain structure in healthy subjects. J Affect Disord 2017; 215:111-117. [PMID: 28319687 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dimensional approaches in highly prevalent psychiatric disorders like depression or anxiety could lead to a better understanding of pathogenesis and advantages in early detection and prevention. In an effort to better understand associations of brain structural variation across the depression/anxiety spectra, we investigated minor subclinical symptoms in a non-clinical healthy population. METHODS We studied 177 healthy subjects from the community, who underwent high-resolution T1-weighted 3T MRI and completed the symptom-checklist-90 (SCL-90-R). Using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis with CAT12 software, we correlated SCL-90-R-subscales for depression, anxiety, and somatization with gray matter across the brain. RESULTS Significant positive gray matter correlations emerged across all three scales in different areas: the depression subscale correlated positively with gray matter in the Rolandic operculum, superior temporal gyrus (left) and postcentral gyrus (bilateral), the anxiety subscale correlated positively with middle temporal gyrus, Rolandic operculum, middle cingular gyrus and precuneus bilaterally, and the somatization subscale with left inferior prefrontal cortex. Somatization also showed negative correlations with cerebellar vermis and right supplementary motor area. LIMITATIONS Our study is limited to VBM and does not include surface-based measures. It also only contains subjects with very small psychological distress by partly overlapping symptoms. CONCLUSION Our findings are consistent with a non-linear relationship between symptom severity and cortical volume in several brain areas involved in both emotion regulation as well as altered in clinically manifest depressive/anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Besteher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
| | - Christian Gaser
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Kerstin Langbein
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Maren Dietzek
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Heinrich Sauer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Igor Nenadić
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg/Marburg University Hospital - UKGM, Marburg, Germany
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35
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Wang S, Kong F, Zhou M, Chen T, Yang X, Chen G, Gong Q. Brain Structure Linking Delay Discounting and Academic Performance. Hum Brain Mapp 2017; 38:3917-3926. [PMID: 28498515 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As a component of self-discipline, delay discounting refers to the ability to wait longer for preferred rewards and plays a pivotal role in shaping students' academic performance. However, the neural basis of the association between delay discounting and academic performance remains largely unknown. Here, we examined the neuroanatomical substrates underlying delay discounting and academic performance in 214 adolescents via voxel-based morphometry (VBM) by performing structural magnetic resonance imaging (S-MRI). Behaviorally, we confirmed the significant correlation between delay discounting and academic performance. Neurally, whole-brain regression analyses indicated that regional gray matter volume (rGMV) of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) was associated with both delay discounting and academic performance. Furthermore, delay discounting partly accounted for the association between academic performance and brain structure. Differences in the rGMV of the left DLPFC related to academic performance explained over one-third of the impact of delay discounting on academic performance. Overall, these results provide the first evidence for the common neural basis linking delay discounting and academic performance. Hum Brain Mapp 38:3917-3926, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Wang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Feng Kong
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Taolin Chen
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xun Yang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Guangxiang Chen
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Department of Psychology, School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.,Department of Psychoradiology, Chengdu Mental Health Center, Chengdu, China
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36
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Schutter DJLG, Meuwese R, Bos MGN, Crone EA, Peper JS. Exploring the role of testosterone in the cerebellum link to neuroticism: From adolescence to early adulthood. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2017; 78:203-212. [PMID: 28214680 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Previous research has found an association between a smaller cerebellar volume and higher levels of neuroticism. The steroid hormone testosterone reduces stress responses and the susceptibility to negative mood. Together with in vitro studies showing a positive effect of testosterone on cerebellar gray matter volumes, we set out to explore the role of testosterone in the relation between cerebellar gray matter and neuroticism. Structural magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired, and indices of neurotic personality traits were assessed by administering the depression and anxiety scale of the revised NEO personality inventory and Gray's behavioural avoidance in one hundred and forty-nine healthy volunteers between 12 and 27 years of age. Results demonstrated an inverse relation between total brain corrected cerebellar volumes and neurotic personality traits in adolescents and young adults. In males, higher endogenous testosterone levels were associated with lower scores on neurotic personality traits and larger cerebellar gray matter volumes. No such relations were observed in the female participants. Analyses showed that testosterone significantly mediated the relation between male cerebellar gray matter and measures of neuroticism. Our findings on the interrelations between endogenous testosterone, neuroticism and cerebellar morphology provide a cerebellum-oriented framework for the susceptibility to experience negative emotions and mood in adolescence and early adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis J L G Schutter
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Montessorilaan 3, 6525 HR Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Rosa Meuwese
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK Leiden, The Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke G N Bos
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK Leiden, The Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, The Netherlands
| | - Eveline A Crone
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK Leiden, The Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, The Netherlands
| | - Jiska S Peper
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK Leiden, The Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, The Netherlands
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37
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Yao X, Yuan S, Yang W, Chen Q, Wei D, Hou Y, Zhang L, Qiu J, Yang D. Emotional intelligence moderates the relationship between regional gray matter volume in the bilateral temporal pole and critical thinking disposition. Brain Imaging Behav 2017; 12:488-498. [DOI: 10.1007/s11682-017-9701-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Yao
- Department of Psychology, Southwest University, No. 2, TianSheng Road, Beibei district, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Shuge Yuan
- Department of Psychology, Southwest University, No. 2, TianSheng Road, Beibei district, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Wenjing Yang
- Department of Psychology, Southwest University, No. 2, TianSheng Road, Beibei district, Chongqing, 400715, China.,Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Department of Psychology, Southwest University, No. 2, TianSheng Road, Beibei district, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Qunlin Chen
- Department of Psychology, Southwest University, No. 2, TianSheng Road, Beibei district, Chongqing, 400715, China.,Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Department of Psychology, Southwest University, No. 2, TianSheng Road, Beibei district, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Dongtao Wei
- Department of Psychology, Southwest University, No. 2, TianSheng Road, Beibei district, Chongqing, 400715, China.,Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Department of Psychology, Southwest University, No. 2, TianSheng Road, Beibei district, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yuling Hou
- Department of Psychology, Southwest University, No. 2, TianSheng Road, Beibei district, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Lijie Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Southwest University, No. 2, TianSheng Road, Beibei district, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jiang Qiu
- Department of Psychology, Southwest University, No. 2, TianSheng Road, Beibei district, Chongqing, 400715, China. .,Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Department of Psychology, Southwest University, No. 2, TianSheng Road, Beibei district, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Dong Yang
- Department of Psychology, Southwest University, No. 2, TianSheng Road, Beibei district, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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38
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Perfectionism mediated the relationship between brain structure variation and negative emotion in a nonclinical sample. COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2016; 17:211-223. [DOI: 10.3758/s13415-016-0474-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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39
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Human sensory cortex structure and top-down controlling brain network determine individual differences in perceptual alternations. Neurosci Lett 2016; 636:113-119. [PMID: 27810354 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Bistable perception is a type of subjective perception that spontaneously alternates between two perceptual interpretations of an ambiguous sensory input. Past functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have examined the activation patterns underlying bistable perception, yet the variability between individuals in the alternations is not well understood. Therefore, voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was introduced in this study to correlate the GM of the sensory cortex with the alternations of Rubin face-vase illusion in a large group of young adults. We found that the GM volume and density (GMV/GMD) of the left fusiform face area (FFA) were significantly positively correlated with the alternations. Next, Granger causality analysis (GCA) was introduced to investigate the top-down modulation from high-level areas to the sensory cortex using resting-state fMRI data. Correlations between the perceptual alternations and Granger causalities showed that the top-down modulations from high-level brain regions, such as the superior parietal lobule (SPL) to the left FFA, were positive. Together, these findings indicated that the anatomical structure of the face-selective area may determine individual alternations of the Rubin face-vase illusion. This process may be controlled by a high-level cortex associated with attentional modulation, such as the SPL or Posterior Cingulate Cortex (PCC).
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40
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Hu J, Lee D, Hu S, Zhang S, Chao H, Li CSR. Individual variation in the neural processes of motor decisions in the stop signal task: the influence of novelty seeking and harm avoidance personality traits. Brain Struct Funct 2016; 221:2607-18. [PMID: 25989852 PMCID: PMC4654717 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-015-1061-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Personality traits contribute to variation in human behavior, including the propensity to take risk. Extant work targeted risk-taking processes with an explicit manipulation of reward, but it remains unclear whether personality traits influence simple decisions such as speeded versus delayed responses during cognitive control. We explored this issue in an fMRI study of the stop signal task, in which participants varied in response time trial by trial, speeding up and risking a stop error or slowing down to avoid errors. Regional brain activations to speeded versus delayed motor responses (risk-taking) were correlated to novelty seeking (NS), harm avoidance (HA) and reward dependence (RD), with age and gender as covariates, in a whole brain regression. At a corrected threshold, the results showed a positive correlation between NS and risk-taking responses in the dorsomedial prefrontal, bilateral orbitofrontal, and frontopolar cortex, and between HA and risk-taking responses in the parahippocampal gyrus and putamen. No regional activations varied with RD. These findings demonstrate that personality traits influence the neural processes of executive control beyond behavioral tasks that involve explicit monetary reward. The results also speak broadly to the importance of characterizing inter-subject variation in studies of cognition and brain functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, Guangdong, China
| | - Dianne Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
- Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health/Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Sien Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Herta Chao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
- Medical Service, VA Connecticut Health Care Systems, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Chiang-Shan R Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA.
- Department of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA.
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA.
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, S112, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT, 06519-1109, USA.
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41
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Yang J, Yin P, Wei D, Wang K, Li Y, Qiu J. Effects of parental emotional warmth on the relationship between regional gray matter volume and depression-related personality traits. Soc Neurosci 2016; 12:337-348. [PMID: 27079866 DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2016.1174150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The depression-related personality trait is associated with the severity of patients' current depressive symptoms and with the vulnerability to depression within the nonclinical groups. However, little is known about the anatomical structure associated with the depression-related personality traits within the nonclinical sample. Parenting behavior is associated with the depression symptoms; however, whether or not parenting behavior influence the neural basis of the depression-related personality traits is unclear. Thus in current study, first, we used voxel-based morphometry to identify the brain regions underlying individual differences in depression-related personality traits, as measured by the revised Neuroticism-Extraversion-Openness Personality Inventory, in a large sample of young healthy adults. Second, we use mediation analysis to investigate the relationship between parenting behavior and neural basis of depression-related personality traits. The results revealed that depression-related personality traits were positively correlated with gray matter volume mainly in medial frontal gyrus (MFG) that is implicated in the self-referential processing and emotional regulation. Furthermore, parental emotional warmth acted as a mediational mechanism underlying the association between the MFG volume and the depression-related personality trait. Together, our findings suggested that the family environment might play an important role in the acquisition and process of the depression-related personality traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Yang
- a Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU) , Ministry of Education , Chongqing , China.,b Department of Psychology , Southwest University , Chongqing , China
| | - Ping Yin
- c Department of Radiology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , China
| | - Dongtao Wei
- a Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU) , Ministry of Education , Chongqing , China.,b Department of Psychology , Southwest University , Chongqing , China
| | - Kangcheng Wang
- a Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU) , Ministry of Education , Chongqing , China.,b Department of Psychology , Southwest University , Chongqing , China
| | - Yongmei Li
- c Department of Radiology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , China
| | - Jiang Qiu
- a Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU) , Ministry of Education , Chongqing , China.,b Department of Psychology , Southwest University , Chongqing , China
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Mincic AM. Neuroanatomical correlates of negative emotionality-related traits: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuropsychologia 2015; 77:97-118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Regional gray matter volume mediates the relationship between family socioeconomic status and depression-related trait in a young healthy sample. COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2015; 16:51-62. [DOI: 10.3758/s13415-015-0371-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Kong F, Ding K, Yang Z, Dang X, Hu S, Song Y, Liu J. Examining gray matter structures associated with individual differences in global life satisfaction in a large sample of young adults. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2014; 10:952-60. [PMID: 25406366 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsu144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Although much attention has been directed towards life satisfaction that refers to an individual's general cognitive evaluations of his or her life as a whole, little is known about the neural basis underlying global life satisfaction. In this study, we used voxel-based morphometry to investigate the structural neural correlates of life satisfaction in a large sample of young healthy adults (n = 299). We showed that individuals' life satisfaction was positively correlated with the regional gray matter volume (rGMV) in the right parahippocampal gyrus (PHG), and negatively correlated with the rGMV in the left precuneus and left ventromedial prefrontal cortex. This pattern of results remained significant even after controlling for the effect of general positive and negative affect, suggesting a unique structural correlates of life satisfaction. Furthermore, we found that self-esteem partially mediated the association between the PHG volume and life satisfaction as well as that between the precuneus volume and global life satisfaction. Taken together, we provide the first evidence for the structural neural basis of life satisfaction, and highlight that self-esteem might play a crucial role in cultivating an individual's life satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, and School of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, and School of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, and School of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, and School of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Zetian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, and School of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, and School of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobin Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, and School of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, and School of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Siyuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, and School of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiying Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, and School of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, and School of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, and School of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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