1
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Gong HH, Worley MJ, Carver KA, Goldstein DR, Deng JC. Neutrophils drive pulmonary vascular leakage in MHV-1 infection of susceptible A/J mice. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1089064. [PMID: 36685578 PMCID: PMC9853883 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1089064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lung inflammation, neutrophil infiltration, and pulmonary vascular leakage are pathological hallmarks of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) which can lethally complicate respiratory viral infections. Despite similar comorbidities, however, infections in some patients may be asymptomatic while others develop ARDS as seen with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections for example. Methods In this study, we infected resistant C57BL/6 and susceptible A/J strains of mice with pulmonary administration of murine hepatitis virus strain 1 (MHV-1) to determine mechanisms underlying susceptibility to pulmonary vascular leakage in a respiratory coronavirus infection model. Results A/J animals displayed increased lung injury parameters, pulmonary neutrophil influx, and deficient recruitment of other leukocytes early in the infection. Moreover, under basal conditions, A/J neutrophils overexpressed primary granule protein genes for myeloperoxidase and multiple serine proteases. During infection, myeloperoxidase and elastase protein were released in the bronchoalveolar spaces at higher concentrations compared to C57BL/6 mice. In contrast, genes from other granule types were not differentially expressed between these 2 strains. We found that depletion of neutrophils led to mitigation of lung injury in infected A/J mice while having no effect in the C57BL/6 mice, demonstrating that an altered neutrophil phenotype and recruitment profile is a major driver of lung immunopathology in susceptible mice. Conclusions These results suggest that host susceptibility to pulmonary coronaviral infections may be governed in part by underlying differences in neutrophil phenotypes, which can vary between mice strains, through mechanisms involving primary granule proteins as mediators of neutrophil-driven lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry H. Gong
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs (VA) Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Department of Veterans Affairs Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Matthew J. Worley
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs (VA) Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Department of Veterans Affairs Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Kyle A. Carver
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs (VA) Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Department of Veterans Affairs Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Daniel R. Goldstein
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jane C. Deng
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Medicine Service, Veterans Affairs (VA) Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Department of Veterans Affairs Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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2
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Zhong QM, Wang JL. Seasonal flexibility of kidney structure and factors regulating water and salt in Eremias multiocellata. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2022; 274:111301. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.111301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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3
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Ritiu SA, Rogobete AF, Sandesc D, Bedreag OH, Papurica M, Popovici SE, Toma D, Ivascu RI, Velovan R, Garofil DN, Corneci D, Bratu LM, Pahontu EM, Pistol A. The Impact of General Anesthesia on Redox Stability and Epigenetic Inflammation Pathways: Crosstalk on Perioperative Antioxidant Therapy. Cells 2022; 11:1880. [PMID: 35741011 PMCID: PMC9221536 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, the prevalence of surgery under general anesthesia has significantly increased, both because of modern anesthetic and pain-control techniques and because of better diagnosis and the increased complexity of surgical techniques. Apart from developing new concepts in the surgical field, researchers and clinicians are now working on minimizing the impact of surgical trauma and offering minimal invasive procedures due to the recent discoveries in the field of cellular and molecular mechanisms that have revealed a systemic inflammatory and pro-oxidative impact not only in the perioperative period but also in the long term, contributing to more difficult recovery, increased morbidity and mortality, and a negative financial impact. Detailed molecular and cellular analysis has shown an overproduction of inflammatory and pro-oxidative species, responsible for augmenting the systemic inflammatory status and making postoperative recovery more difficult. Moreover, there are a series of changes in certain epigenetic structures, the most important being the microRNAs. This review describes the most important molecular and cellular mechanisms that impact the surgical patient undergoing general anesthesia, and it presents a series of antioxidant therapies that can reduce systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stelian Adrian Ritiu
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timișoara, Romania; (S.A.R.); (D.S.); (O.H.B.); (M.P.); (S.E.P.); (D.T.); (R.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
| | - Alexandru Florin Rogobete
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timișoara, Romania; (S.A.R.); (D.S.); (O.H.B.); (M.P.); (S.E.P.); (D.T.); (R.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
- Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Research Center (CCATITM), “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Dorel Sandesc
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timișoara, Romania; (S.A.R.); (D.S.); (O.H.B.); (M.P.); (S.E.P.); (D.T.); (R.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
- Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Research Center (CCATITM), “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Horea Bedreag
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timișoara, Romania; (S.A.R.); (D.S.); (O.H.B.); (M.P.); (S.E.P.); (D.T.); (R.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
- Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Research Center (CCATITM), “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Marius Papurica
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timișoara, Romania; (S.A.R.); (D.S.); (O.H.B.); (M.P.); (S.E.P.); (D.T.); (R.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
- Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Research Center (CCATITM), “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Sonia Elena Popovici
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timișoara, Romania; (S.A.R.); (D.S.); (O.H.B.); (M.P.); (S.E.P.); (D.T.); (R.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
| | - Daiana Toma
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timișoara, Romania; (S.A.R.); (D.S.); (O.H.B.); (M.P.); (S.E.P.); (D.T.); (R.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
| | - Robert Iulian Ivascu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (R.I.I.); (D.C.); (A.P.)
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Central Military Emergency Hospital “Dr. Carol Davila”, 010242 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca Velovan
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timișoara, Romania; (S.A.R.); (D.S.); (O.H.B.); (M.P.); (S.E.P.); (D.T.); (R.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
| | - Dragos Nicolae Garofil
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (R.I.I.); (D.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Dan Corneci
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (R.I.I.); (D.C.); (A.P.)
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Central Military Emergency Hospital “Dr. Carol Davila”, 010242 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Lavinia Melania Bratu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
| | - Elena Mihaela Pahontu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Adriana Pistol
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (R.I.I.); (D.C.); (A.P.)
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Kitching AR, Hickey MJ. Immune cell behaviour and dynamics in the kidney - insights from in vivo imaging. Nat Rev Nephrol 2022; 18:22-37. [PMID: 34556836 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-021-00481-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The actions of immune cells within the kidney are of fundamental importance in kidney homeostasis and disease. In disease settings such as acute kidney injury, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis, lupus nephritis and renal transplant rejection, immune cells resident within the kidney and those recruited from the circulation propagate inflammatory responses with deleterious effects on the kidney. As in most forms of inflammation, intravital imaging - particularly two-photon microscopy - has been critical to our understanding of immune cell responses in the renal microvasculature and interstitium, enabling visualization of immune cell dynamics over time rather than statically. These studies have demonstrated differences in the recruitment and function of these cells from those in more conventional vascular beds, and provided a wealth of information on the actions of blood-borne immune cells such as neutrophils, monocytes and T cells, as well as kidney-resident mononuclear phagocytes, in a range of diseases affecting different kidney compartments. In particular, in vivo imaging has furthered our understanding of leukocyte function within the glomerulus in acute glomerulonephritis, and in the tubulointerstitium and interstitial microvasculature during acute kidney injury and following transplantation, revealing mechanisms of immune surveillance, antigen presentation and inflammation in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Richard Kitching
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia. .,Departments of Nephrology and Paediatric Nephrology, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Michael J Hickey
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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5
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Aguilar G, Córdova F, Koning T, Sarmiento J, Boric MP, Birukov K, Cancino J, Varas-Godoy M, Soza A, Alves NG, Mujica PE, Durán WN, Ehrenfeld P, Sánchez FA. TNF-α-activated eNOS signaling increases leukocyte adhesion through the S-nitrosylation pathway. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 321:H1083-H1095. [PMID: 34652985 PMCID: PMC8782658 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00065.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a key factor in inflammation. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), whose activity increases after stimulation with proinflammatory cytokines, produces NO in endothelium. NO activates two pathways: 1) soluble guanylate cyclase-protein kinase G and 2) S-nitrosylation (NO-induced modification of free-thiol cysteines in proteins). S-nitrosylation affects phosphorylation, localization, and protein interactions. NO is classically described as a negative regulator of leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells. However, agonists activating NO production induce a fast leukocyte adhesion, which suggests that NO might positively regulate leukocyte adhesion. We tested the hypothesis that eNOS-induced NO promotes leukocyte adhesion through the S-nitrosylation pathway. We stimulated leukocyte adhesion to endothelium in vitro and in vivo using tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) as proinflammatory agonist. ICAM-1 changes were evaluated by immunofluorescence, subcellular fractionation, immunoprecipitation, and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP). Protein kinase Cζ (PKCζ) activity and S-nitrosylation were evaluated by Western blot analysis and biotin switch method, respectively. TNF-α, at short times of stimulation, activated the eNOS S-nitrosylation pathway and caused leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells in vivo and in vitro. TNF-α-induced NO led to changes in ICAM-1 at the cell surface, which are characteristic of clustering. TNF-α-induced NO also produced S-nitrosylation and phosphorylation of PKCζ, association of PKCζ with ICAM-1, and ICAM-1 phosphorylation. The inhibition of PKCζ blocked leukocyte adhesion induced by TNF-α. Mass spectrometry analysis of purified PKCζ identified cysteine 503 as the only S-nitrosylated residue in the kinase domain of the protein. Our results reveal a new eNOS S-nitrosylation-dependent mechanism that induces leukocyte adhesion and suggests that S-nitrosylation of PKCζ may be an important regulatory step in early leukocyte adhesion in inflammation.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Contrary to the well-established inhibitory role of NO in leukocyte adhesion, we demonstrate a positive role of nitric oxide in this process. We demonstrate that NO induced by eNOS after TNF-α treatment induces early leukocyte adhesion activating the S-nitrosylation pathway. Our data suggest that PKCζ S-nitrosylation may be a key step in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaynor Aguilar
- Instituto de Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Francisco Córdova
- Instituto de Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Tania Koning
- Instituto de Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - José Sarmiento
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Mauricio P Boric
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Konstantin Birukov
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland Baltimore School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jorge Cancino
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Manuel Varas-Godoy
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrea Soza
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Natascha G Alves
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Patricio E Mujica
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Health and Natural Sciences, Mercy College, Dobbs Ferry, New York
| | - Walter N Durán
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Pamela Ehrenfeld
- Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios del Sistema Nervioso, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Fabiola A Sánchez
- Instituto de Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios del Sistema Nervioso, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
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6
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Oshima Y, Otsuki A, Endo R, Nakasone M, Harada T, Takahashi S, Inagaki Y. The Effects of Volatile Anesthetics on Lung Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Basic to Clinical Studies. J Surg Res 2020; 260:325-344. [PMID: 33373852 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2020.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Case reports from as early as the 1970s have shown that intravenous injection of even a small dose of volatile anesthetics result in fatal lung injury. Direct contact between volatile anesthetics and pulmonary vasculature triggers chemical damage in the vessel walls. A wide variety of factors are involved in lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI), such as pulmonary endothelial cells, alveolar epithelial cells, alveolar macrophages, neutrophils, mast cells, platelets, proinflammatory cytokines, and surfactant. With a constellation of factors involved, the assessment of the protective effect of volatile anesthetics in LIRI is difficult. Multiple animal studies have reported that with regards to LIRI, sevoflurane demonstrates an anti-inflammatory effect in immunocompetent cells and an anti-apoptotic effect on lung tissue. Scattered studies have dismissed a protective effect of desflurane against LIRI. While a single-center randomized controlled trial (RCT) found that volatile anesthetics including desflurane demonstrated a lung-protective effect in thoracic surgery, a multicenter RCT did not demonstrate a lung-protective effect of desflurane. LIRI is common in lung transplantation. One study, although limited due to its small sample size, found that the use of volatile anesthetics in organ procurement surgery involving "death by neurologic criteria" donors did not improve lung graft survival. Future studies on the protective effect of volatile anesthetics against LIRI must examine not only the mechanism of the protective effect but also differences in the effects of different types of volatile anesthetics, their optimal dosage, and the appropriateness of their use in the event of marked alveolar capillary barrier damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Oshima
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yonago Medical Center, Yonago, Tottori, Japan.
| | - Akihiro Otsuki
- Division of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Surgery, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Tottori, Japan
| | - Ryo Endo
- Division of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Surgery, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Tottori, Japan
| | - Masato Nakasone
- Division of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Surgery, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Tottori, Japan
| | - Tomomi Harada
- Division of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Surgery, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Tottori, Japan
| | - Shunsaku Takahashi
- Division of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Surgery, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Tottori, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Inagaki
- Division of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Surgery, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Tottori, Japan
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7
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Zhang Y, Yang X, Yan W, Li R, Ye Q, You L, Xie W, Mo K, Fu R, Wang Y, Chen Y, Hou H, Yang Y, Birnbaumer L, Di Q, Li X. Thymopentin improves the survival of septic mice by promoting the production of 15-deoxy-prostaglandin J2 and activating the PPARγ signaling pathway. FASEB J 2020; 34:11772-11785. [PMID: 32652815 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000467r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis, a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) caused by infection, is a major public health concern with limited therapeutic options. Infection disturbs the homeostasis of host, resulting in excessive inflammation and immune suppression. This has prompted the clinical use of immunomodulators to balance host response as an alternative therapeutic strategy. Here, we report that Thymopentin (TP5), a synthetic immunomodulator pentapeptide (Arg-Lys-Asp-Val-Tyr) with an excellent safety profile in the clinic, protects mice against cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis, as shown by improved survival rate, decreased level of pro-inflammatory cytokines and reduced ratios of macrophages and neutrophils in spleen and peritoneum. Regarding mechanism, TP5 changed the characteristics of LPS-stimulated macrophages by increasing the production of 15-deoxy-Δ12,14 -prostaglandin J2 (15-d-PGJ2). In addition, the improved effect of TP5 on survival rates was abolished by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) antagonist GW9662. Our results uncover the mechanism of the TP5 protective effects on CLP-induced sepsis and shed light on the development of TP5 as a therapeutic strategy for lethal systemic inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhang
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenchao Yan
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Li
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Ye
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Linjun You
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenhao Xie
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kun Mo
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruifeng Fu
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanxiang Wang
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yufei Chen
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Hou
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lutz Birnbaumer
- Institute of Biomedical Research (BIOMED), Catholic University of Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Qin Di
- School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Xianjing Li
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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8
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Baudry N, Starck J, Aussel C, Lund K, Aletti M, Duranteau J, Banzet S, Lataillade JJ, Vicaut E, Peltzer J. Effect of Preconditioned Mesenchymal Stromal Cells on Early Microvascular Disturbance in a Mouse Sepsis Model. Stem Cells Dev 2019; 28:1595-1606. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2019.0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Baudry
- Laboratoire d'Etude de la Microcirculation, Université Paris VII Lariboisière St-Louis, UMR 942, Paris, France
| | - Julie Starck
- Laboratoire d'Etude de la Microcirculation, Université Paris VII Lariboisière St-Louis, UMR 942, Paris, France
- Service de Réanimation Pédiatrique, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Assistance Publique, Hôpitaux de Paris, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris–Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Clotilde Aussel
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Unité Mixte INSERM U1197/Ministère des Armées, Clamart, France
| | - Kyle Lund
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Unité Mixte INSERM U1197/Ministère des Armées, Clamart, France
| | - Marc Aletti
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Unité Mixte INSERM U1197/Ministère des Armées, Clamart, France
| | - Jacques Duranteau
- Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation Chirurgicale, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Université Paris-Sud, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Sébastien Banzet
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Unité Mixte INSERM U1197/Ministère des Armées, Clamart, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Lataillade
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Unité Mixte INSERM U1197/Ministère des Armées, Clamart, France
| | - Eric Vicaut
- Laboratoire d'Etude de la Microcirculation, Université Paris VII Lariboisière St-Louis, UMR 942, Paris, France
| | - Juliette Peltzer
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Unité Mixte INSERM U1197/Ministère des Armées, Clamart, France
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9
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Cartland SP, Genner SW, Martínez GJ, Robertson S, Kockx M, Lin RC, O'Sullivan JF, Koay YC, Manuneedhi Cholan P, Kebede MA, Murphy AJ, Masters S, Bennett MR, Jessup W, Kritharides L, Geczy C, Patel S, Kavurma MM. TRAIL-Expressing Monocyte/Macrophages Are Critical for Reducing Inflammation and Atherosclerosis. iScience 2019; 12:41-52. [PMID: 30665196 PMCID: PMC6348195 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2018.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) levels are reduced in patients with cardiovascular disease, and TRAIL gene deletion in mice exacerbates atherosclerosis and inflammation. How TRAIL protects against atherosclerosis and why levels are reduced in disease is unknown. Here, multiple strategies were used to identify the protective source of TRAIL and its mechanism(s) of action. Samples from patients with coronary artery disease and bone-marrow transplantation experiments in mice lacking TRAIL revealed monocytes/macrophages as the main protective source. Accordingly, deletion of TRAIL caused a more inflammatory macrophage with reduced migration, displaying impaired reverse cholesterol efflux and efferocytosis. Furthermore, interleukin (IL)-18, commonly increased in plasma of patients with cardiovascular disease, negatively regulated TRAIL transcription and gene expression, revealing an IL-18-TRAIL axis. These findings demonstrate that TRAIL is protective of atherosclerosis by modulating monocyte/macrophage phenotype and function. Manipulating TRAIL levels in these cells highlights a different therapeutic avenue in the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siân P Cartland
- Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza St, Newtown, Sydney, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Scott W Genner
- Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza St, Newtown, Sydney, Australia
| | - Gonzalo J Martínez
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia; División de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Stacy Robertson
- Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza St, Newtown, Sydney, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Ruby Cy Lin
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - John F O'Sullivan
- Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza St, Newtown, Sydney, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yen Chin Koay
- Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza St, Newtown, Sydney, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Pradeep Manuneedhi Cholan
- Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza St, Newtown, Sydney, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Melkam A Kebede
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Seth Masters
- Walter and Elisa Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Martin R Bennett
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Carolyn Geczy
- Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza St, Newtown, Sydney, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sanjay Patel
- Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza St, Newtown, Sydney, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mary M Kavurma
- Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza St, Newtown, Sydney, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
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10
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Boonen B, Alpizar YA, Meseguer VM, Talavera K. TRP Channels as Sensors of Bacterial Endotoxins. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:toxins10080326. [PMID: 30103489 PMCID: PMC6115757 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10080326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The cellular and systemic effects induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) have been solely attributed to the activation of the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signalling cascade. However, recent studies have shown that LPS activates several members of the Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) family of cation channels. Indeed, LPS induces activation of the broadly-tuned chemosensor TRPA1 in sensory neurons in a TLR4-independent manner, and genetic ablation of this channel reduced mouse pain and inflammatory responses triggered by LPS and the gustatory-mediated avoidance to LPS in fruit flies. LPS was also shown to activate TRPV4 channels in airway epithelial cells, an effect leading to an immediate production of bactericidal nitric oxide and to an increase in ciliary beat frequency. In this review, we discuss the role of TRP channels as sensors of bacterial endotoxins, and therefore, as crucial players in the timely detection of invading gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett Boonen
- Laboratory for Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, O&N1 Herestraat 49 - box 802, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Yeranddy A Alpizar
- Laboratory for Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, O&N1 Herestraat 49 - box 802, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Victor M Meseguer
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, 03550 San Juan de Alicante, Spain.
| | - Karel Talavera
- Laboratory for Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, O&N1 Herestraat 49 - box 802, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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11
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Cassini-Vieira P, de Carvalho Santuchi M, da Silva RF, Russo RC, Araújo FA, Dos Santos RAS, Andrade SP, Teixeira MM, Barcelos LS. Lack of interferon-gamma attenuates foreign body reaction to subcutaneous implants in mice. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 106:2243-2250. [PMID: 29577602 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Subcutaneous implantation of synthetic materials and biomedical devices often induces abnormal tissue healing - the foreign body reaction-which impairs their function. In particular, Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) is a critical endogenous mediator of inflammation and plays a key role in a wide variety of biological responses including tissue healing. However, the contribution of endogenous IFN-γ on different features of the foreign body response induced by synthetic implants regarding neovascularization, inflammation, and fibrogenesis is not well known. Here, we evaluated inflammatory angiogenesis and fibrogenesis induced by implantation of polyether-polyurethane sponges in mice targeted disrupted of the interferon-γ gene (IFN-γ-/- ) and wild-type (WT). The hemoglobin content, the number of vessels, and blood flow (evaluated by LDPI-laser Doppler perfusion imaging) were decreased in the implants from IFN-γ-/- as compared to WT mice. Likewise, neutrophils and macrophages accumulation (MPO and NAG activities, respectively) was decreased in IFN-γ-/- implants. Interestingly, while the local content of VEGF, TNF-α, CXCL-1/KC, as measured by ELISA, and iNOS expression, as measured by qPCR, were significantly reduced, the content of IL-10 was greatly increased in the implants from IFN-γ-/- mice as compared to WT mice. No alterations were observed in CCL-2/MCP-1 levels. Lastly, the collagen deposition, assessed by Picro-Sirius red-stained histological sections, was also reduced in IFN-γ-/- implants. Altogether, these data suggest that IFN-γ activity contributes to inflammatory angiogenesis and fibrogenesis in synthetic implants and that lack of IFN-γ expression attenuates foreign body reaction to implants in mice. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 2243-2250, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puebla Cassini-Vieira
- Departamentos de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
| | - Melissa de Carvalho Santuchi
- Departamentos de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
| | - Rafaela Fernandes da Silva
- Departamentos de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
| | - Remo Castro Russo
- Departamentos de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
| | - Fernanda Assis Araújo
- Área de Ciências Fisiológicas-ARFIS, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Robson Augusto Souza Dos Santos
- Departamentos de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
| | - Silvia Passos Andrade
- Departamentos de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
| | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- Departamentos de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Luciola Silva Barcelos
- Departamentos de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
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12
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Alpizar YA, Boonen B, Sanchez A, Jung C, López-Requena A, Naert R, Steelant B, Luyts K, Plata C, De Vooght V, Vanoirbeek JAJ, Meseguer VM, Voets T, Alvarez JL, Hellings PW, Hoet PHM, Nemery B, Valverde MA, Talavera K. TRPV4 activation triggers protective responses to bacterial lipopolysaccharides in airway epithelial cells. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1059. [PMID: 29057902 PMCID: PMC5651912 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01201-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), the major components of the wall of gram-negative bacteria, trigger powerful defensive responses in the airways via mechanisms thought to rely solely on the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) immune pathway. Here we show that airway epithelial cells display an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration within seconds of LPS application. This response occurs in a TLR4-independent manner, via activation of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 cation channel (TRPV4). We found that TRPV4 mediates immediate LPS-induced increases in ciliary beat frequency and the production of bactericidal nitric oxide. Upon LPS challenge TRPV4-deficient mice display exacerbated ventilatory changes and recruitment of polymorphonuclear leukocytes into the airways. We conclude that LPS-induced activation of TRPV4 triggers signaling mechanisms that operate faster and independently from the canonical TLR4 immune pathway, leading to immediate protective responses such as direct antimicrobial action, increase in airway clearance, and the regulation of the inflammatory innate immune reaction. LPS is a major component of gram-negative bacterial cell walls, and triggers immune responses in airway epithelium by activating TLR4. Here the authors show that LPS also activates TRPV4, thereby inducing fast defense responses such as nitric oxide production and increased ciliary beating in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeranddy A Alpizar
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory for Ion Channel Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Brett Boonen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory for Ion Channel Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alicia Sanchez
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory for Ion Channel Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Carole Jung
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Channelopathies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Alejandro López-Requena
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory for Ion Channel Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robbe Naert
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory for Ion Channel Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Brecht Steelant
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Katrien Luyts
- Department of Public Health and Care, Laboratory of Environment and Health, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Cristina Plata
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Channelopathies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Vanessa De Vooght
- Department of Public Health and Care, Laboratory of Environment and Health, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Jeroen A J Vanoirbeek
- Department of Public Health and Care, Laboratory of Environment and Health, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Victor M Meseguer
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, E-03550, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Thomas Voets
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory for Ion Channel Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Julio L Alvarez
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory for Ion Channel Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Peter W Hellings
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium.,Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Upper Airways Research Laboratory, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Peter H M Hoet
- Department of Public Health and Care, Laboratory of Environment and Health, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Benoit Nemery
- Department of Public Health and Care, Laboratory of Environment and Health, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Miguel A Valverde
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Channelopathies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Karel Talavera
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory for Ion Channel Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium. .,VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
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13
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Wong CM, Au CL, Tsang SY, Lau CW, Yao X, Cai Z, Chung ACK. Role of inducible nitric oxide synthase in endothelium-independent relaxation to raloxifene in rat aorta. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:718-733. [PMID: 28138957 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Raloxifene can induce both endothelium-dependent and -independent relaxation in different arteries. However, the underlying mechanisms by which raloxifene triggers endothelium-independent relaxation are still incompletely understood. The purpose of present study was to examine the roles of NOSs and Ca2+ channels in the relaxant response to raloxifene in the rat isolated, endothelium-denuded aorta. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Changes in isometric tension, cGMP, nitrite, inducible NOS protein expression and distribution in response to raloxifene in endothelium-denuded aortic rings were studied by organ baths, radioimmunoassay, Griess reaction, western blot and immunohistochemistry respectively. KEY RESULTS Raloxifene reduced the contraction to CaCl2 in a Ca2+ -free, high K+ -containing solution in intact aortic rings. Raloxifene also acutely relaxed the aorta primarily through an endothelium-independent mechanism involving NO, mostly from inducible NOS (iNOS) in vascular smooth muscle layers. This effect of raloxifene involved the generation of cGMP and nitrite. Also, it was genomic in nature, as it was inhibited by a classical oestrogen receptor antagonist and inhibitors of RNA and protein synthesis. Raloxifene-induced stimulation of iNOS gene expression was partly mediated through activation of the NF-κB pathway. Raloxifene was more potent than 17β-estradiol or tamoxifen at relaxing endothelium-denuded aortic rings by stimulation of iNOS. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Raloxifene-mediated vasorelaxation in rat aorta is independent of a functional endothelium and is mediated by oestrogen receptors and NF-κB. This effect is mainly mediated through an enhanced production of NO, cGMP and nitrite, via the induction of iNOS and inhibition of calcium influx through Ca2+ channels in rat aortic smooth muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Ming Wong
- Partner State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis and Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong.,HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chak Leung Au
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Suk Ying Tsang
- School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chi Wai Lau
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaoqiang Yao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Zongwei Cai
- Partner State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis and Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong.,HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Arthur Chi-Kong Chung
- Partner State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis and Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong.,HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
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14
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Bibi S, Kang Y, Yang G, Zhu MJ. Grape seed extract improves small intestinal health through suppressing inflammation and regulating alkaline phosphatase in IL-10-deficient mice. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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15
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Baig MS, Zaichick SV, Mao M, de Abreu AL, Bakhshi FR, Hart PC, Saqib U, Deng J, Chatterjee S, Block ML, Vogel SM, Malik AB, Consolaro MEL, Christman JW, Minshall RD, Gantner BN, Bonini MG. NOS1-derived nitric oxide promotes NF-κB transcriptional activity through inhibition of suppressor of cytokine signaling-1. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 212:1725-38. [PMID: 26324446 PMCID: PMC4577833 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20140654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The NF-κB pathway is central to the regulation of inflammation. Here, we demonstrate that the low-output nitric oxide (NO) synthase 1 (NOS1 or nNOS) plays a critical role in the inflammatory response by promoting the activity of NF-κB. Specifically, NOS1-derived NO production in macrophages leads to proteolysis of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1), alleviating its repression of NF-κB transcriptional activity. As a result, NOS1(-/-) mice demonstrate reduced cytokine production, lung injury, and mortality when subjected to two different models of sepsis. Isolated NOS1(-/-) macrophages demonstrate similar defects in proinflammatory transcription on challenge with Gram-negative bacterial LPS. Consistently, we found that activated NOS1(-/-) macrophages contain increased SOCS1 protein and decreased levels of p65 protein compared with wild-type cells. NOS1-dependent S-nitrosation of SOCS1 impairs its binding to p65 and targets SOCS1 for proteolysis. Treatment of NOS1(-/-) cells with exogenous NO rescues both SOCS1 degradation and stabilization of p65 protein. Point mutation analysis demonstrated that both Cys147 and Cys179 on SOCS1 are required for its NO-dependent degradation. These findings demonstrate a fundamental role for NOS1-derived NO in regulating TLR4-mediated inflammatory gene transcription, as well as the intensity and duration of the resulting host immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirza Saqib Baig
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anesthesiology, and Department of Pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60607 Department of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anesthesiology, and Department of Pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60607
| | - Sofia V Zaichick
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anesthesiology, and Department of Pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60607 Department of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anesthesiology, and Department of Pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60607
| | - Mao Mao
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anesthesiology, and Department of Pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60607 Department of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anesthesiology, and Department of Pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60607
| | - Andre L de Abreu
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anesthesiology, and Department of Pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60607 Department of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anesthesiology, and Department of Pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60607 Programa de Biociencias Aplicadas a Farmacia (PBF), Universidade Estadual de Maringa, Maringa 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Farnaz R Bakhshi
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anesthesiology, and Department of Pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60607
| | - Peter C Hart
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anesthesiology, and Department of Pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60607 Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Uzma Saqib
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anesthesiology, and Department of Pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60607
| | - Jing Deng
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anesthesiology, and Department of Pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60607
| | - Saurabh Chatterjee
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anesthesiology, and Department of Pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60607
| | - Michelle L Block
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anesthesiology, and Department of Pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60607
| | - Stephen M Vogel
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anesthesiology, and Department of Pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60607
| | - Asrar B Malik
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anesthesiology, and Department of Pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60607
| | - Marcia E L Consolaro
- Programa de Biociencias Aplicadas a Farmacia (PBF), Universidade Estadual de Maringa, Maringa 87020-900, Brazil
| | - John W Christman
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anesthesiology, and Department of Pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60607
| | - Richard D Minshall
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anesthesiology, and Department of Pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60607 Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208
| | - Benjamin N Gantner
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anesthesiology, and Department of Pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60607
| | - Marcelo G Bonini
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anesthesiology, and Department of Pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60607 Department of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anesthesiology, and Department of Pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60607 Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202
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16
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iNOS Activity Modulates Inflammation, Angiogenesis, and Tissue Fibrosis in Polyether-Polyurethane Synthetic Implants. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:138461. [PMID: 26106257 PMCID: PMC4461775 DOI: 10.1155/2015/138461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
There is considerable interest in implantation techniques and scaffolds for tissue engineering and, for safety and biocompatibility reasons, inflammation, angiogenesis, and fibrosis need to be determined. The contribution of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the regulation of the foreign body reaction induced by subcutaneous implantation of a synthetic matrix was never investigated. Here, we examined the role of iNOS in angiogenesis, inflammation, and collagen deposition induced by polyether-polyurethane synthetic implants, using mice with targeted disruption of the iNOS gene (iNOS−/−) and wild-type (WT) mice. The hemoglobin content and number of vessels were decreased in the implants of iNOS−/− mice compared to WT mice 14 days after implantation. VEGF levels were also reduced in the implants of iNOS−/− mice. In contrast, the iNOS−/− implants exhibited an increased neutrophil and macrophage infiltration. However, no alterations were observed in levels of CXCL1 and CCL2, chemokines related to neutrophil and macrophage migration, respectively. Furthermore, the implants of iNOS−/− mice showed boosted collagen deposition. These data suggest that iNOS activity controls inflammation, angiogenesis, and fibrogenesis in polyether-polyurethane synthetic implants and that lack of iNOS expression increases foreign body reaction to implants in mice.
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17
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Gorressen S, Stern M, van de Sandt AM, Cortese-Krott MM, Ohlig J, Rassaf T, Gödecke A, Fischer JW, Heusch G, Merx MW, Kelm M. Circulating NOS3 modulates left ventricular remodeling following reperfused myocardial infarction. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120961. [PMID: 25875863 PMCID: PMC4397096 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Nitric oxide (NO) is constitutively produced and released from the endothelium and several blood cell types by the isoform 3 of the NO synthase (NOS3). We have shown that NO protects against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and that depletion of circulating NOS3 increases within 24h of ischemia/reperfusion the size of myocardial infarction (MI) in chimeric mice devoid of circulating NOS3. In the current study we hypothesized that circulating NOS3 also affects remodeling of the left ventricle following reperfused MI. Methods To analyze the role of circulating NOS3 we transplanted bone marrow of NOS3−/− and wild type (WT) mice into WT mice, producing chimerae expressing NOS3 only in vascular endothelium (BC−/EC+) or in both, blood cells and vascular endothelium (BC+/EC+). Both groups underwent 60 min of coronary occlusion in a closed-chest model of reperfused MI. During the 3 weeks post MI, structural and functional LV remodeling was serially assessed (24h, 4d, 1w, 2w and 3w) by echocardiography. At 72 hours post MI, gene expression of several extracellular matrix (ECM) modifying molecules was determined by quantitative RT-PCR analysis. At 3 weeks post MI, hemodynamics were obtained by pressure catheter, scar size and collagen content were quantified post mortem by Gomori’s One-step trichrome staining. Results Three weeks post MI, LV end-systolic (53.2±5.9μl;***p≤0.001;n = 5) and end-diastolic volumes (82.7±5.6μl;*p<0.05;n = 5) were significantly increased in BC−/EC+, along with decreased LV developed pressure (67.5±1.8mmHg;n = 18;***p≤0.001) and increased scar size/left ventricle (19.5±1.5%;n = 13;**p≤0.01) compared to BC+/EC+ (ESV:35.6±2.2μl; EDV:69.1±2.6μl n = 8; LVDP:83.2±3.2mmHg;n = 24;scar size/LV13.8±0.7%;n = 16). Myocardial scar of BC−/EC+ was characterized by increased total collagen content (20.2±0.8%;n = 13;***p≤0.001) compared to BC+/EC+ (15.9±0.5;n = 16), and increased collagen type I and III subtypes. Conclusion Circulating NOS3 ameliorates maladaptive left ventricular remodeling following reperfused myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Gorressen
- Medical Faculty, Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology & Vascular Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Manuel Stern
- Medical Faculty, Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology & Vascular Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Annette M. van de Sandt
- Medical Faculty, Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology & Vascular Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Miriam M. Cortese-Krott
- Medical Faculty, Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology & Vascular Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jan Ohlig
- Medical Faculty, Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology & Vascular Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tienush Rassaf
- Medical Faculty, Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology & Vascular Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Axel Gödecke
- Medical Faculty, Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- CARID, Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jens W. Fischer
- CARID, Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Pharmacology und Clinical Pharmacology, Heinrich Heine University, Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gerd Heusch
- Institute for Pathophysiology, West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University of Essen Medical School, Essen, Germany
| | - Marc W. Merx
- Medical Faculty, Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology & Vascular Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Vascular Medicine and Intensive Care Medicine, Robert Koch Krankenhaus, Klinikum Region Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Malte Kelm
- Medical Faculty, Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology & Vascular Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- CARID, Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Gross CM, Rafikov R, Kumar S, Aggarwal S, Ham PB, Meadows ML, Cherian-Shaw M, Kangath A, Sridhar S, Lucas R, Black SM. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase deficient mice are protected from lipopolysaccharide induced acute lung injury. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119918. [PMID: 25786132 PMCID: PMC4364989 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derived from the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria induces acute lung injury (ALI) in mice. This injury is associated with lung edema, inflammation, diffuse alveolar damage, and severe respiratory insufficiency. We have previously reported that LPS-mediated nitric oxide synthase (NOS) uncoupling, through increases in asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), plays an important role in the development of ALI through the generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Therefore, the focus of this study was to determine whether mice deficient in endothelial NOS (eNOS-/-) are protected against ALI. In both wild-type and eNOS-/- mice, ALI was induced by the intratracheal instillation of LPS (2 mg/kg). After 24 hours, we found that eNOS-/-mice were protected against the LPS mediated increase in inflammatory cell infiltration, inflammatory cytokine production, and lung injury. In addition, LPS exposed eNOS-/- mice had increased oxygen saturation and improved lung mechanics. The protection in eNOS-/- mice was associated with an attenuated production of NO, NOS derived superoxide, and peroxynitrite. Furthermore, we found that eNOS-/- mice had less RhoA activation that correlated with a reduction in RhoA nitration at Tyr34. Finally, we found that the reduction in NOS uncoupling in eNOS-/- mice was due to a preservation of dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) activity that prevented the LPS-mediated increase in ADMA. Together our data suggest that eNOS derived reactive species play an important role in the development of LPS-mediated lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine M Gross
- Pulmonary Disease Program, Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Ruslan Rafikov
- Pulmonary Disease Program, Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Sanjiv Kumar
- Pulmonary Disease Program, Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Saurabh Aggarwal
- Pulmonary Disease Program, Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - P Benson Ham
- Pulmonary Disease Program, Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Mary Louise Meadows
- Pulmonary Disease Program, Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Mary Cherian-Shaw
- Pulmonary Disease Program, Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Archana Kangath
- Pulmonary Disease Program, Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Supriya Sridhar
- Pulmonary Disease Program, Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Rudolf Lucas
- Pulmonary Disease Program, Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Stephen M Black
- Pulmonary Disease Program, Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
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19
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20
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McGown CC, Brookes ZLS, Hellewell PG, Ross JJ, Brown NJ. Atorvastatin reduces endotoxin-induced microvascular inflammation via NOSII. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2015; 388:557-64. [PMID: 25678054 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-015-1100-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rat model of sepsis (endotoxaemia), we previously demonstrated that pravastatin reduced microvascular inflammation via increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase III (NOSIII). This study aimed to determine whether atorvastatin, the most commonly used statin for lowering cholesterol, exerted beneficial pleiotropic effects via a similar mechanism. The mesenteric microcirculation of anaesthetised male Wistar rats (308 ± 63 g, n = 54) was prepared for fluorescent intravital microscopy. Over 4 h, animals received intravenous (i.v.) administration of either saline, LPS (150 μg kg(-1) h(-1)) or LPS + atorvastatin (200 μg kg(-1) s.c., 18 and 3 h before LPS), with/without the non-specific NOS inhibitor L-NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME) (10 μg kg(-1) h(-1)) or NOSII-specific inhibitor 1400 W (20 μg kg(-1) min(-1)). LPS decreased mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) (4 h, control 113 ± 20 mmHg; LPS 70 ± 23 mmHg), being reversed by atorvastatin (105 ± 3 mmHg) (p < 0.05). LPS also increased macromolecular leak measured after 100 mg kg(-1) of i.v FITC-BSA (arbitrary grey level adjacent to venules), which again was attenuated by atorvastatin (control 1.9 ± 4.0; LPS 12.0 ± 2.4; LPS + atorvastatin 4.5 ± 2.2) (p < 0.05). Furthermore, immunohistochemistry identified that atorvastatin decreased LPS-induced upregulation of endothelial cell NOSII expression, but NOSIII was unchanged in all groups. Atorvastatin improved MAP and reduced microvascular inflammation during endotoxaemia, associated with a reduction of pro-inflammatory NOSII. This differs from previous studies, whereby pravastatin increased expression of NOSIII. Thus preoperative statins have beneficial anti-inflammatory effects during endotoxaemia, but careful consideration must be given to the specific statin being used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline C McGown
- Microcirculation Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK,
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21
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Garcia-Bonilla L, Moore JM, Racchumi G, Zhou P, Butler JM, Iadecola C, Anrather J. Inducible nitric oxide synthase in neutrophils and endothelium contributes to ischemic brain injury in mice. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 193:2531-7. [PMID: 25038255 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1400918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
NO produced by inducible NO synthase (iNOS) contributes to ischemic brain injury, but the cell types expressing iNOS and mediating tissue damage have not been elucidated. To examine the relative contribution of iNOS in resident brain cells and peripheral leukocytes infiltrating the ischemic brain, we used bone marrow (BM) chimeric mice in which the middle cerebral artery was occluded and infarct volume was determined 3 d later. iNOS(-/-) mice engrafted with iNOS(+/+) BM exhibited larger infarcts (44 ± 2 mm(3); n = 13; mean ± SE) compared with autologous transplanted iNOS(-/-) mice (24 ± 3 mm(3); n = 10; p < 0.01), implicating blood-borne leukocytes in the damage. Furthermore, iNOS(+/+) mice transplanted with iNOS(-/-) BM had large infarcts (39 ± 6 mm(3); n = 13), similar to those of autologous transplanted iNOS(+/+) mice (39 ± 4 mm(3); n = 14), indicating the resident brain cells also play a role. Flow cytometry and cell sorting revealed that iNOS is highly expressed in neutrophils and endothelium but not microglia. Surprisingly, postischemic iNOS expression was enhanced in the endothelium of iNOS(+/+) mice transplanted with iNOS(-/-) BM and in leukocytes of iNOS(-/-) mice with iNOS(+/+) BM, suggesting that endothelial iNOS suppresses iNOS expression in leukocytes and vice versa. To provide independent evidence that neutrophils mediate brain injury, neutrophils were isolated and transferred to mice 24 h after stroke. Consistent with the result in chimeric mice, transfer of iNOS(+/+), but not iNOS(-/-), neutrophils into iNOS(-/-) mice increased infarct volume. The findings establish that iNOS in both neutrophils and endothelium mediates tissue damage and identify these cell types as putative therapeutic targets for stroke injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Garcia-Bonilla
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021; and
| | - Jamie M Moore
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021; and
| | - Gianfranco Racchumi
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021; and
| | - Ping Zhou
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021; and
| | - Jason M Butler
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021
| | - Costantino Iadecola
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021; and
| | - Josef Anrather
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021; and
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22
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Dolkart O, E A, S S, S M, P G, Aa W. Temporal determination of lung NO system and COX-2 upregulation following ischemia-reperfusion injury. Exp Lung Res 2013; 40:22-9. [PMID: 24354410 DOI: 10.3109/01902148.2013.858196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary ischemia-reperfusion (IR) is a biopathological event detectable in several clinical conditions, including lung transplantation, cardiopulmonary bypass, resuscitation, and pulmonary embolism. The understanding behind the activation of various inflammatory mediators regulating the apoptotic pathways remains largely unknown. We investigated the temporal expression of endothelial nitric oxide (eNOS), inducible (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) proteins following lung-IR injury. METHODS Lung IR was induced in anesthetized rats. One hour ischemia was performed by clamping the left hilum. eNOS, iNOS, and COX-2 levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) were measured at different time points after restoring lung perfusion in conjunction with histological changes and cellular apoptosis. RESULTS BAL-eNOS levels were increased as early as 3 hours post IR, attaining the highest values (5.5 U/mL) at 3 hours, compared to non-IR values (2.8 U/mL). BAL-iNOS increased at 3-hour post-IR (3 U/mL). iNOS reached the highest levels at 24 hours (4.5 U/mL) as compared to nonischemic lungs (1.8 U/mL). COX-2 peaked at 12 hours (.025 U/mL) compared to 3, 24, and 48 hours. Highest apoptotic rates were detected at 12 and 48 hours following IR. CONCLUSIONS The time-associated involvement of eNOS, iNOS, and COX-2 enzymes during the evolution of IR injury may point to an early reaction of the NOSs system versus the COX-2. Similar patterns of enzymatic activity were previously shown in the context of lung IR injury. This temporal activation may indicate an involvement of eNOS in an early reparative response, and possibly the late-pathological response, mediated by the coinduction of iNOS-COX-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Dolkart
- 1Pre-Clinical Research Laboratory & Post-Anesthesia Care Unit and
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23
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P-selectin-mediated monocyte-cerebral endothelium adhesive interactions link peripheral organ inflammation to sickness behaviors. J Neurosci 2013; 33:14878-88. [PMID: 24027287 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1329-13.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sickness behaviors, such as fatigue, mood alterations, and cognitive dysfunction, which result from changes in central neurotransmission, are prevalent in systemic inflammatory diseases and greatly impact patient quality of life. Although, microglia (resident cerebral immune cells) and cytokines (e.g., TNFα) are associated with changes in central neurotransmission, the link between peripheral organ inflammation, circulating cytokine signaling, and microglial activation remains poorly understood. Here we demonstrate, using cerebral intravital microscopy, that in response to liver inflammation, there is increased monocyte specific rolling and adhesion along cerebral endothelial cells (CECs). Peripheral TNFα-TNFR1 signaling and the adhesion molecule P-selectin are central mediators of these monocyte-CEC adhesive interactions which were found to be closely associated with microglial activation, decreased central neural excitability and sickness behavior development. Similar monocyte-CEC adhesive interactions were also observed in another mouse model of peripheral organ inflammation (i.e., 2,4-dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis). Our observations provide a clear link between peripheral organ inflammation and cerebral changes that impact behavior, which can potentially allow for novel therapeutic interventions in patients with systemic inflammatory diseases.
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Duwaerts CC, Sun EP, Cheng CW, van Rooijen N, Gregory SH. Cross-activating invariant NKT cells and kupffer cells suppress cholestatic liver injury in a mouse model of biliary obstruction. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79702. [PMID: 24260285 PMCID: PMC3829879 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Both Kupffer cells and invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells suppress neutrophil-dependent liver injury in a mouse model of biliary obstruction. We hypothesize that these roles are interdependent and require iNKT cell-Kupffer cell cross-activation. Female, wild-type and iNKT cell-deficient C57Bl/6 mice were injected with magnetic beads 3 days prior to bile duct ligation (BDL) in order to facilitate subsequent Kupffer cell isolation. On day three post-BDL, the animals were euthanized and the livers dissected. Necrosis was scored; Kupffer cells were isolated and cell surface marker expression (flow cytometry), mRNA expression (qtPCR), nitric oxide (NO.) production (Griess reaction), and protein secretion (cytometric bead-array or ELISAs) were determined. To address the potential role of NO. in suppressing neutrophil accumulation, a group of WT mice received 1400W, a specific inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor, prior to BDL. To clarify the mechanisms underlying Kupffer cell-iNKT cell cross-activation, WT animals were administered anti-IFN-γ or anti-lymphocyte function-associated antigen (LFA)-1 antibody prior to BDL. Compared to their WT counterparts, Kupffer cells obtained from BDL iNKT cell-deficient mice expressed lower iNOS mRNA levels, produced less NO., and secreted more neutrophil chemoattractants. Both iNOS inhibition and IFN-γ neutralization increased neutrophil accumulation in the livers of BDL WT mice. Anti-LFA-1 pre-treatment reduced iNKT cell accumulation in these same animals. These data indicate that the LFA-1-dependent cross-activation of iNKT cells and Kupffer cells inhibits neutrophil accumulation and cholestatic liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline C. Duwaerts
- Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Eric P. Sun
- Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Chao-Wen Cheng
- Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Nico van Rooijen
- Department of Cell Biology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen H. Gregory
- Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
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Lei J, Vodovotz Y, Tzeng E, Billiar TR. Nitric oxide, a protective molecule in the cardiovascular system. Nitric Oxide 2013; 35:175-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2013.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Oliveira-Lima OC, Bernardes D, Xavier Pinto MC, Esteves Arantes RM, Carvalho-Tavares J. Mice lacking inducible nitric oxide synthase develop exacerbated hepatic inflammatory responses induced by Plasmodium berghei NK65 infection. Microbes Infect 2013; 15:903-10. [PMID: 23988520 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2013.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Revised: 08/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Infection of mice with Plasmodium berghei NK65 represents a well-recognized malaria model in which infection is accompanied by an intense hepatic inflammatory response. Enzyme-inducible nitric oxide synthase is an important regulator of inflammation and leukocyte recruitment in microvessels, but these functions have yet to be evaluated in experimental malaria. In this study, we assessed the involvement of inducible nitric oxide synthase in inflammatory responses to murine experimental malaria induced by P. berghei NK65. We observed that wild type (WT) and nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-deficient mice (iNOS(-/-)) mice showed similar levels of parasitemia following P. berghei NK65 infection, although infected iNOS(-/-) mice presented early mortality. Inducible nitric oxide synthase deficiency led to increased leukocyte rolling and adhesion to the liver in iNOS(-/-) mice relative to the WT animals, as observed via intravital microscopy. Infected iNOS(-/-) mice also exhibited increased hepatic leukocyte migration and subsequent liver damage, which was associated with high serum levels of the cytokines TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10. Our data suggest potential role for the iNOS enzyme as a regulator of hepatic inflammatory response induced by P. berghei NK65-infection, and its absence leads to exacerbated inflammation and sequential associated-hepatic damage in the animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onésia Cristina Oliveira-Lima
- Núcleo de Neurociências, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
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Badiei A, Rivers-Auty J, Ang AD, Bhatia M. Inhibition of hydrogen sulfide production by gene silencing attenuates inflammatory activity of LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:7845-52. [PMID: 23838794 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5080-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Madigan M, Zuckerbraun B. Therapeutic Potential of the Nitrite-Generated NO Pathway in Vascular Dysfunction. Front Immunol 2013; 4:174. [PMID: 23847616 PMCID: PMC3698458 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) generated through L-arginine metabolism by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is an important regulator of the vessel wall. Dysregulation of this system has been implicated in various pathological vascular conditions, including atherosclerosis, angiogenesis, arteriogenesis, neointimal hyperplasia, and pulmonary hypertension. The pathophysiology involves a decreased bioavailability of NO within the vessel wall by competitive utilization of L-arginine by arginase and “eNOS uncoupling.” Generation of NO through reduction of nitrate and nitrite represents an alternative pathway that may be utilized to increase the bioavailability of NO within the vessel wall. We review the therapeutic potential of the nitrate/nitrite/NO pathway in vascular dysfunction.
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Sakurai T, Kashimura O, Kano Y, Ohno H, Ji LL, Izawa T, Best TM. Role of nitric oxide in muscle regeneration following eccentric muscle contractions in rat skeletal muscle. J Physiol Sci 2013; 63:263-70. [PMID: 23606218 PMCID: PMC10717722 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-013-0262-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
We examined the role of nitric oxide (NO) in muscle repair and regeneration following repetitive eccentric contractions (ECC). A standardized exercise protocol was used to create eccentric contraction-induced injury to the left tibialis anterior muscle of 48 male Wistar rats (body wt 250-350 g), using a customized isokinetic test device and a bout of 40 ECCs under electrical stimulation. A nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, N(G)-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME; 35 mg kg(-1) day(-1)), was included in the diet for half the animals (n = 24) beginning 3 days prior to the ECC and continuing throughout the experiment, whereas the other half (n = 24) received a control diet. ECC/+L-NAME and ECC/-L-NAME were killed after the ECC protocol at 0, 1, 3 and 7 days (n = 6 on each day). An unexercised contralateral limb with and without L-NAME infusion served as a respective control muscle at each time point. Muscle NO content, skeletal muscle damage, leukocyte infiltration, calpain activity, and MyoD and myogenin expression were assessed. NO has both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties, and several possible roles for NO in skeletal muscle damage have been postulated. NO content was greater in the ECC/-L-NAME group at all time points (p < 0.05) compared to ECC/+L-NAME. Additionally, significant differences in NO content were observed on day 0 (p < 0.05), and day 3 (p < 0.05), ECC/+L-NAME versus ECC/-L-NAME. One day following the bout of ECC, and NO levels were increased in the ECC/-L-NAME group. Three days following ECC, there was greater myofiber damage (measured by β-glucuronidase activity) and leukocyte invasion in the ECC/-L-NAME group as compared to the ECC/+L-NAME group. One day after ECC, calpain activity was significantly increased in ECC/-L-NAME compared with control muscles (p < 0.05). On days 3 and 7, Myo-D and myogenin gene expression was increased in both groups; however, the degree of regeneration was less in the ECC/+L-NAME-treated animals. These data suggest that NO dynamics have important implications in the regulation of various factors during skeletal muscle regeneration following damaging eccentric muscle contractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonobu Sakurai
- Faculty of Bio-Industry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 196 Yasaka, Abashiri, Hokkaido, 099-2493, Japan.
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Sesame oil attenuates ovalbumin-induced pulmonary edema and bronchial neutrophilic inflammation in mice. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:905670. [PMID: 23710463 PMCID: PMC3654634 DOI: 10.1155/2013/905670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Revised: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background. Allergic asthma is one of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases of airways. Severe asthma may lead to hospitalization and death. Sesame oil is a natural product with anti-inflammatory property. However, the effect of sesame oil on allergic asthma has never been studied. Objective. We investigate the effect of sesame oil on pulmonary inflammation in allergic asthma model. Methods. Allergic airway inflammation was induced by sensitizing with two doses of 10 mg ovalbumin (OVA) and then challenged with 1% OVA nebulizer exposure (1 h/day) for 3 days. Sesame oil (0.25, 0.5, or 1 mL/kg/day) was given orally 30 min before each challenge. Samples were collected 24 h after the last challenge. Results. Data showed that sesame oil inhibited pulmonary edema and decreased interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in OVA-treated mice. Sesame oil also decreased pulmonary nitrite level, inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, and neutrophil infiltration induced by OVA. Further, sesame oil decreased serum IgE level in OVA-treated mice. Conclusion. Sesame oil may attenuate pulmonary edema and bronchial neutrophilic inflammation by inhibiting systemic IgE level in allergic asthma.
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Ferreira RG, Matsui TC, Gomides LF, Godin AM, Menezes GB, de Matos Coelho M, Klein A. Niacin inhibits carrageenan-induced neutrophil migration in mice. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2013; 386:533-40. [PMID: 23525501 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-013-0854-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Several emerging lines of evidence support an anti-inflammatory role for nicotinic acid (niacin); however, its role in the regulation of leukocyte migration in response to inflammatory stimuli has not been elucidated until now. Herein, we have examined the effect of nicotinic acid on neutrophil recruitment in experimentally induced inflammation. We demonstrated that nicotinic acid treatment inhibited interleukin (IL)-8-induced, leukotriene (LT)B4-induced, and carrageenan-induced neutrophil migration into the pleural cavity of BALB/c mice and reduced neutrophil rolling and adherence in a mouse cremaster muscle preparation. Surprisingly, nicotinic acid treatment increased the level of the neutrophil chemoattractant KC in response to carrageenan. These results suggest that nicotinic acid plays an important role in the regulation of inflammation due to its ability to inhibit the actions of the neutrophil chemoattractants IL-8 and LTB4. Further inhibition of chemoattractants leads to impairment of leukocyte rolling and adherence to the vascular endothelium in the microcirculation of inflamed tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Gomes Ferreira
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Pain, Institute of Biological Sciences, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Rigamonti E, Touvier T, Clementi E, Manfredi AA, Brunelli S, Rovere-Querini P. Requirement of inducible nitric oxide synthase for skeletal muscle regeneration after acute damage. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 190:1767-77. [PMID: 23335752 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1202903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Adult skeletal muscle regeneration results from activation, proliferation, and fusion of muscle stem cells, such as myogenic precursor cells. Macrophages are consistently present in regenerating skeletal muscles and participate into the repair process. The signals involved in the cross-talk between various macrophage populations and myogenic precursor cells have been only partially identified. In this study, we show a key role of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), expressed by classically activated macrophages in the healing of skeletal muscle. We found that, after sterile injury, iNOS expression is required for effective regeneration of the tissue, as myogenic precursor cells in the muscle of injured iNOS(-/-) mice fail to proliferate and differentiate. We also found that iNOS modulates inflammatory cell recruitment: damaged muscles of iNOS(-/-) animals express significantly higher levels of chemokines such as MIP2, MCP1, MIP-1α, and MCP1, and display more infiltrating neutrophils after injury and a persistence of macrophages at later time points. Finally, we found that iNOS expression in the injured muscle is restricted to infiltrating macrophages. To our knowledge, these data thus provide the first evidence that iNOS expression by infiltrating macrophages contributes to muscle regeneration, revealing a novel mechanism of inflammation-dependent muscle healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Rigamonti
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
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Havelka GE, Moreira ES, Rodriguez MP, Tsihlis ND, Wang Z, Martínez J, Hrabie JA, Kiefer LK, Kibbe MR. Nitric oxide delivery via a permeable balloon catheter inhibits neointimal growth after arterial injury. J Surg Res 2012; 180:35-42. [PMID: 23164361 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2012.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2012] [Revised: 09/17/2012] [Accepted: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neointimal hyperplasia limits the longevity of vascular interventions. Nitric oxide (NO) is well known to inhibit neointimal hyperplasia. However, delivery of NO to the vasculature is challenging. Our study aims to evaluate the efficacy of delivering NO to the site of injury using a permeable balloon catheter. Our hypothesis is that ultra-short duration NO delivery using a permeable balloon catheter will inhibit neointimal hyperplasia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent carotid artery balloon injury. Groups included: (1) control, (2) injury, (3) injury + periadventitial NO, and (4) injury + endoluminal NO via permeable balloon catheter. The catheter was inflated to 5 atm pressure for 5 min. Arteries were harvested 2 wk following injury. Morphometric assessment for neointimal hyperplasia and immunohistochemical staining for inflammatory markers were performed. RESULTS Injury increased neointimal hyperplasia compared with control (intima/media area [I/M] ratio 1.07 versus 0.11, respectively, P < 0.001). Periadventitial delivery of NO reduced the I/M area ratio compared with injury alone (55% decrease, P < 0.001). Endoluminal delivery of NO also reduced the I/M area ratio compared with injury alone (65% decrease; P < 0.001). Both endoluminal and periadventitial NO affected the I/M ratio by reducing the intimal area (64% and 46%, respectively, P < 0.001) whereas neither affected the medial area. Periadventitial NO delivery increased lumen area (P < 0.05), whereas endoluminal NO delivery increased circumference (P < 0.05). Periadventitial NO delivery inhibited macrophage intimal infiltration compared with injury alone (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that short-duration endoluminal NO delivery via permeable balloon catheters inhibits neointimal hyperplasia following arterial interventions. Endoluminal delivery of NO could become a focus for future clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- George E Havelka
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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D'Alessio FR, Tsushima K, Aggarwal NR, Mock JR, Eto Y, Garibaldi BT, Files DC, Avalos CR, Rodriguez JV, Waickman AT, Reddy SP, Pearse DB, Sidhaye VK, Hassoun PM, Crow MT, King LS. Resolution of experimental lung injury by monocyte-derived inducible nitric oxide synthase. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 189:2234-45. [PMID: 22844117 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1102606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Although early events in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury (ALI) have been defined, little is known about the mechanisms mediating resolution. To search for determinants of resolution, we exposed wild type (WT) mice to intratracheal LPS and assessed the response at intervals to day 10, when injury had resolved. Inducible NO synthase (iNOS) was significantly upregulated in the lung at day 4 after LPS. When iNOS-/- mice were exposed to intratracheal LPS, early lung injury was attenuated; however, recovery was markedly impaired compared with WT mice. iNOS-/- mice had increased mortality and sustained increases in markers of lung injury. Adoptive transfer of WT (iNOS+/+) bone marrow-derived monocytes or direct adenoviral gene delivery of iNOS into injured iNOS-/- mice restored resolution of ALI. Irradiated bone marrow chimeras confirmed the protective effects of myeloid-derived iNOS but not of epithelial iNOS. Alveolar macrophages exhibited sustained expression of cosignaling molecule CD86 in iNOS-/- mice compared with WT mice. Ab-mediated blockade of CD86 in iNOS-/- mice improved survival and enhanced resolution of lung inflammation. Our findings show that monocyte-derived iNOS plays a pivotal role in mediating resolution of ALI by modulating lung immune responses, thus facilitating clearance of alveolar inflammation and promoting lung repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco R D'Alessio
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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Ferreira RG, Matsui TC, Godin AM, Gomides LF, Pereira-Silva PEM, Duarte IDG, Menezes GB, Coelho MM, Klein A. Neutrophil recruitment is inhibited by nicotinamide in experimental pleurisy in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2012; 685:198-204. [PMID: 22543086 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Revised: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Several emerging lines of evidence support an anti-inflammatory role for nicotinamide and other vitamin B components. However, the mechanisms underlying their activity remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated the ability of nicotinamide to inhibit both neutrophil recruitment in IL-8-, LTB(4)- or carrageenan-induced pleurisy in mice and the rolling and adherence of neutrophils. Nicotinamide inhibited IL-8-, LTB(4)- and carrageenan-induced neutrophil migration, KC production and carrageenan-induced neutrophil rolling and adherence. We propose that the effects of nicotinamide in inhibiting neutrophil recruitment in carrageenan-induced pleurisy may be due to the ability of nicotinamide to inhibit the action of IL-8 and LTB(4), decrease KC production, and inhibit early events that regulate leukocyte migration from blood vessels into tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael G Ferreira
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Dor - Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, UFMG, Brazil
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Alef MJ, Tzeng E, Zuckerbraun BS. Nitric oxide and nitrite-based therapeutic opportunities in intimal hyperplasia. Nitric Oxide 2012; 26:285-94. [PMID: 22504069 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2012.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Revised: 03/27/2012] [Accepted: 03/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Vascular intimal hyperplasia (IH) limits the long term efficacy of current surgical and percutaneous therapies for atherosclerotic disease. There are extensive changes in gene expression and cell signaling in response to vascular therapies, including changes in nitric oxide (NO) signaling. NO is well recognized for its vasoregulatory properties and has been investigated as a therapeutic treatment for its vasoprotective abilities. The circulating molecules nitrite (NO(2)(-)) and nitrate (NO(3)(-)), once thought to be stable products of NO metabolism, are now recognized as important circulating reservoirs of NO and represent a complementary source of NO in contrast to the classic L-arginine-NO-synthase pathway. Here we review the background of IH, its relationship with the NO and nitrite/nitrate pathways, and current and future therapeutic opportunities for these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Alef
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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Santiago HC, Gonzalez Lombana CZ, Macedo JP, Utsch L, Tafuri WL, Campagnole-Santos MJ, Alves RO, Alves-Filho JCF, Romanha AJ, Cunha FQ, Teixeira MM, Radi R, Vieira LQ. NADPH phagocyte oxidase knockout mice control Trypanosoma cruzi proliferation, but develop circulatory collapse and succumb to infection. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2012; 6:e1492. [PMID: 22348160 PMCID: PMC3279332 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
(•)NO is considered to be a key macrophage-derived cytotoxic effector during Trypanosoma cruzi infection. On the other hand, the microbicidal properties of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are well recognized, but little importance has been attributed to them during in vivo infection with T. cruzi. In order to investigate the role of ROS in T. cruzi infection, mice deficient in NADPH phagocyte oxidase (gp91(phox) (-/-) or phox KO) were infected with Y strain of T. cruzi and the course of infection was followed. phox KO mice had similar parasitemia, similar tissue parasitism and similar levels of IFN-γ and TNF in serum and spleen cell culture supernatants, when compared to wild-type controls. However, all phox KO mice succumbed to infection between day 15 and 21 after inoculation with the parasite, while 60% of wild-type mice were alive 50 days after infection. Further investigation demonstrated increased serum levels of nitrite and nitrate (NOx) at day 15 of infection in phox KO animals, associated with a drop in blood pressure. Treatment with a NOS2 inhibitor corrected the blood pressure, implicating NOS2 in this phenomenon. We postulate that superoxide reacts with (•)NO in vivo, preventing blood pressure drops in wild type mice. Hence, whilst superoxide from phagocytes did not play a critical role in parasite control in the phox KO animals, its production would have an important protective effect against blood pressure decline during infection with T. cruzi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helton C. Santiago
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Claudia Z. Gonzalez Lombana
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Juan P. Macedo
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lara Utsch
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Wagner L. Tafuri
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maria José Campagnole-Santos
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rosana O. Alves
- Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José C. F. Alves-Filho
- Departmento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Alvaro J. Romanha
- Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fernando Queiroz Cunha
- Departmento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Mauro M. Teixeira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rafael Radi
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Leda Q. Vieira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a short-lived pleiotropic regulator and is required for numerous pathophysiological functions, including macrophage-mediated immunity and cancer. It is a highly reactive free radical produced from l-arginine by different isoforms of NO synthases (NOSs). Sustained induction of inducible NOS (iNOS) during chronic inflammatory conditions leads to the formation of reactive intermediates of NO, which are mutagenic and cause DNA damage or impairment of DNA repair, alter cell signaling, and promote proinflammatory and angiogenic properties of the cell, thus contributing to carcinogenesis. Besides its well-established role in inflammation, increased expression of iNOS has been observed in colorectal tumors and other cancers. NO-related signaling pathways involved in colon tumorigenesis seem to progress through stimulation of proinflammatory cytokines and via posttranslational protein modifications of important antiapoptotic molecules in the tumors. NO can stimulate and enhance tumor cell proliferation by promoting invasive, angiogenic, and migratory activities. In contrast, studies also suggest that high levels of NO may be protective against tumor growth by inducing tumor cell death. However, a number of in vitro studies and particularly experimental animal data support the notion that NO and its reactive metabolite peroxynitrite stimulate cyclooxygenase-2 activity, leading to generation of prostaglandins that enhance tumor growth. These prostaglandins further augment tumor promotion and invasive properties of tumor cells. Hence, selective inhibitors of iNOS and combination strategies to inhibit both iNOS and cyclooxygenase-2 may have a preventive role in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveena B Janakiram
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Drug Development, Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, PCS Oklahoma Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
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ROCK induced inflammation of the microcirculation during endotoxemia mediated by nitric oxide synthase. Microvasc Res 2011; 81:281-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2011.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2010] [Revised: 01/29/2011] [Accepted: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Chávez-Piña AE, Tapia-Álvarez GR, Reyes-Ramínrez A, Navarrete A. Carbenoxolone gastroprotective mechanism: participation of nitric oxide/(c) GMP/K(ATP) pathway in ethanol-induced gastric injury in the rat. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2010; 25:717-22. [PMID: 21105909 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-8206.2010.00897.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Carbenoxolone, a semi-synthetic triterpenoid, exhibits gastroprotective activity related to the participation of nitric oxide (NO); however, the complete NO/(c) GMP/K(ATP) channels pathway for carbenoxolone is unknown. Therefore the aim of this study was to examine the NO/(c) GMP/K(ATP) channels pathway as the gastroprotective mechanism of carbenoxolone in the ethanol-induced gastric injury model in the rat. Oral administration of carbenoxolone (30 mg/kg, p.o.) exhibited gastroprotective effect against ethanol-induced gastric injury in rats. Pretreatment with N(G) -nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 70 mg/kg, i.p.); 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxaline-1-one (ODQ, guanylate cyclase inhibitor, 10 mg/kg, i.p.); or glibenclamide (K(ATP) channels inhibitor, 1 mg/kg, i.p.) reversed the gastroprotective effect of carbenoxolone for ethanol-induced gastric injury. Furthermore, gastric prostaglandins and NO levels increased after carbenoxolone administration in ethanol-induced gastric injury in rats. In conclusion, our results suggest that the increase of NO levels in gastric tissue after pretreatment with carbenoxolone activates the NO/(c)GMP/K(ATP) channels pathway, the principal gastroprotective mechanism of carbenoxolone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aracely Evangelina Chávez-Piña
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Farmacia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria. Coyoacán 04510, México
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den Hengst WA, Gielis JF, Lin JY, Van Schil PE, De Windt LJ, Moens AL. Lung ischemia-reperfusion injury: a molecular and clinical view on a complex pathophysiological process. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2010; 299:H1283-99. [PMID: 20833966 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00251.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 274] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Lung ischemia-reperfusion injury remains one of the major complications after cardiac bypass surgery and lung transplantation. Due to its dual blood supply system and the availability of oxygen from alveolar ventilation, the pathogenetic mechanisms of ischemia-reperfusion injury in the lungs are more complicated than in other organs, where loss of blood flow automatically leads to hypoxia. In this review, an extensive overview is given of the molecular and cellular mechanisms that are involved in the pathogenesis of lung ischemia-reperfusion injury and the possible therapeutic strategies to reduce or prevent it. In addition, the roles of neutrophils, alveolar macrophages, cytokines, and chemokines, as well as the alterations in the cell-death related pathways, are described in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willem A den Hengst
- Department of Thorax and Vascular Surgery, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Abstract
Well over 2 decades have passed since the endothelium-derived relaxation factor was reported to be the gaseous molecule nitric oxide (NO). Although soluble guanylyl cyclase (which generates cyclic guanosine monophosphate, cGMP) was the first identified receptor for NO, it has become increasingly clear that NO exerts a ubiquitous influence in a cGMP-independent manner. In particular, many, if not most, effects of NO are mediated by S-nitrosylation, the covalent modification of a protein cysteine thiol by an NO group to generate an S-nitrosothiol (SNO). Moreover, within the current framework of NO biology, endothelium-derived relaxation factor activity (ie, G protein-coupled receptor-mediated, or shear-induced endothelium-derived NO bioactivity) is understood to involve a central role for SNOs, acting both as second messengers and signal effectors. Furthermore, essential roles for S-nitrosylation have been implicated in virtually all major functions of NO in the cardiovascular system. Here, we review the basic biochemistry of S-nitrosylation (and denitrosylation), discuss the role of S-nitrosylation in the vascular and cardiac functions of NO, and identify current and potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Lima
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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Díez I, Calatayud S, Hernández C, Quintana E, O'Connor JE, Esplugues JV, Barrachina MD. Nitric oxide, derived from inducible nitric oxide synthase, decreases hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha in macrophages during aspirin-induced mesenteric inflammation. Br J Pharmacol 2010; 159:1636-45. [PMID: 20233223 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.00654.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Nitric oxide (NO) modulates expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), a transcription factor regulating function of myeloid cells. Here, we have assessed the role played by NO, formed by inducible NOS (iNOS), in the inflammation induced by aspirin in the gut, by modulating HIF-1 activity. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The role of iNOS-derived NO on leucocyte-endothelial interactions induced by aspirin was evaluated by intravital microscopy in mesenteric venules of rats pretreated with selective iNOS inhibitors, 1400W or l-N6-(1-iminoethyl)-lysine. NO was localized by fluorescence microscopy, using DAF-FM. iNOS, HIF-1alpha and CD36 were localized by immunohistochemistry. KEY RESULTS Leucocyte-endothelial interactions increased at 6 h and returned to normal levels 24 h after aspirin administration. Numbers of migrated leucocytes were similar between 6 and 24 h after aspirin. iNOS expression and iNOS-derived NO synthesis were observed in leucocytes of the mesentery of aspirin-treated rats. Blockade of iNOS activity in aspirin-treated rats: (i) did not modify leucocyte infiltration at 6 h, but reduced the number of polymorphonuclear leucocyte and increased that of macrophages at 24 h; (ii) increased HIF-1alpha immunostaining in macrophages of the mesentery; and (iii) prevented the decrease in CD36 immunostaining induced by aspirin in these cells. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS NO, associated with acute gut inflammation induced by aspirin, diminished HIF-1alpha stabilization in macrophages. Early inhibition of iNOS-derived NO synthesis, by increasing the activity of HIF-1 in these cells, may accelerate the clearance of leucocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Díez
- Departamento de Farmacología and CIBERehd, Universidad de Valencia, Spain
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Waterhouse CCM, Johnson S, Phillipson M, Zbytnuik L, Petri B, Kelly M, Lowe JB, Kubes P. Secretory cell hyperplasia and defects in Notch activity in a mouse model of leukocyte adhesion deficiency type II. Gastroenterology 2010; 138:1079-90.e1-5. [PMID: 19900444 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2009.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2009] [Revised: 10/23/2009] [Accepted: 10/28/2009] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Leukocyte adhesion deficiency II (LAD II) is a rare condition caused by defective protein fucosylation, causing decreased leukocyte rolling, psychomotor retardation, and poor growth. The ligand-binding activity of Notch, a gastrointestinal signaling protein, depends on O-fucosylation. We investigated Notch signaling and intestinal epithelial architecture in a mouse model of LAD II. METHODS Mice lacking 3,5-epimerase/4-reductase (FX) or FX(-/-) bone marrow chimeras (with either wild-type or FX(-/-) bone marrow) were maintained on a fucose-free diet. Intestinal secretory epithelial cells were quantified by histology and immunohistochemistry. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunoblot analyses were used to detect Notch-regulated genes in isolated crypt epithelium. Intestinal leukocyte-endothelial interaction was quantified by intravital microscopy. The intestinal epithelium of 2-week-old FX(-/-) mice was transfected with an adenoviral vector expressing a constitutively active form of Notch. RESULTS FX(-/-) mice rapidly exhibited secretory epithelial cell hyperplasia, reduced cell proliferation, and altered epithelial gene expression patterns consistent with reduced Notch signaling. These effects were reversed when mice were given dietary fucose or by adenoviral transfection of the intestinal epithelium with the Notch intracellular domain. CONCLUSIONS In a mouse model of LAD II, secretory cell hyperplasia occurs in the small intestine and colon; these effects depend on Notch signaling. Defects in Notch signaling might therefore be involved in the pathogenesis of this rare pediatric condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher C M Waterhouse
- Department of Paediatrics, Division of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Research Group, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada.
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McGown CC, Brown NJ, Hellewell PG, Reilly CS, Brookes ZLS. Beneficial microvascular and anti-inflammatory effects of pravastatin during sepsis involve nitric oxide synthase III. Br J Anaesth 2010; 104:183-90. [PMID: 20086063 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aep361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis induces microvascular inflammation and production of the vasodilator nitric oxide (NO) via endothelial and inducible nitric oxide synthase (eNOS or NOS III and iNOS or NOS II). Statins are cholesterol-lowering drugs; however, they also attenuate inflammation. This study aimed to determine whether pravastatin protected against sepsis-induced hypotension, loss of vascular tone, and microvascular inflammation via NOS pathways. METHODS Male Wistar rats (n=18) were anaesthetized and the mesentery prepared for fluorescent intravital microscopy. Animals received either lipopolysaccharide (LPS; n=6); LPS+pravastatin (18 and 3 h before LPS; n=6), or saline as a control, for 4 h. RESULTS Mean arterial pressure decreased in LPS-treated animals (P<0.05), but not in those also receiving pravastatin. Acetylcholine-induced relaxation of venules was abolished by LPS but improved by pravastatin. Pravastatin also reduced the increase in nitrite concentration and macromolecular leak from venules induced by LPS (P<0.05). The increased leucocyte adhesion seen in LPS-treated rats was also reduced in those also treated with pravastatin. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that pravastatin increased endothelial cell expression of NOS III during sepsis, but had no effect on LPS-induced up-regulation of NOS II. CONCLUSIONS Pravastatin improved NOS III-mediated vessel relaxation and exerted anti-inflammatory effects within the microcirculation after LPS administration in rats. Pravastatin therefore appears to have beneficial effects during sepsis, as a result of increased microvascular expression and function of NOS III.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C McGown
- Microcirculation Research Group, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Sheffield, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
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Diesen DL, Kuo PC. Nitric oxide and redox regulation in the liver: part II. Redox biology in pathologic hepatocytes and implications for intervention. J Surg Res 2009; 167:96-112. [PMID: 20400112 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2009.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are created in normal hepatocytes and are critical for normal physiologic processes, including oxidative respiration, growth, regeneration, apoptosis, and microsomal defense. When the levels of oxidation products exceed the capacity of normal antioxidant systems, oxidative stress occurs. This type of stress, in the form of ROS and RNS, can be damaging to all liver cells, including hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, stellate cells, and endothelial cells, through induction of inflammation, ischemia, fibrosis, necrosis, apoptosis, or through malignant transformation by damaging lipids, proteins, and/or DNA. In Part I of this review, we will discuss basic redox biology in the liver, including a review of ROS, RNS, and antioxidants, with a focus on nitric oxide as a common source of RNS. We will then review the evidence for oxidative stress as a mechanism of liver injury in hepatitis (alcoholic, viral, nonalcoholic). In Part II of this review, we will review oxidative stress in common pathophysiologic conditions, including ischemia/reperfusion injury, fibrosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, iron overload, Wilson's disease, sepsis, and acetaminophen overdose. Finally, biomarkers, proteomic, and antioxidant therapies will be discussed as areas for future therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana L Diesen
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
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Ni J, McLoughlin RM, Brodovitch A, Moulin P, Brouckaert P, Casadei B, Feron O, Topley N, Balligand JL, Devuyst O. Nitric oxide synthase isoforms play distinct roles during acute peritonitis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2009; 25:86-96. [PMID: 19706695 PMCID: PMC2796899 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfp415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Acute peritonitis is the most frequent complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD). Increased nitric oxide (NO) release by NO synthase (NOS) isoforms has been implicated in acute peritonitis, but the role played by the NOS isoforms expressed in the peritoneum is unknown. Methods. We investigated the structural and functional consequences of acute peritonitis induced by LPS in wild-type (WT) mice versus knockout mice (KO) for the endothelial NOS (eNOS), the inducible NOS (iNOS) or the neuronal NOS (nNOS). Results. The level of NO metabolites (NOx) in the dialysate was maximal 18 h after LPS injection. LPS induced a significant increase in the transport of small solutes and decreased ultrafiltration in WT mice. These changes, which occurred without vascular proliferation, were paralleled by the upregulation of nNOS and eNOS, and the induction of iNOS. The transport modifications induced by LPS were significantly reversed in eNOS KO mice, but not modified in mice lacking iNOS or nNOS. In contrast, the increase of dialysate NOx was abolished in iNOS KO mice and significantly reduced in eNOS KO mice, but left unchanged in mice lacking nNOS. Mice lacking iNOS also showed more severe inflammatory changes, and a trend towards increased mortality following LPS. Conclusion. These data demonstrate specific roles for NOS isoforms in the peritoneal membrane and suggest that selective eNOS inhibition may improve peritoneal transport during acute peritonitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ni
- Université catholique de Louvain Medical School, Brussels, Belgium
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