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Kießling C, Wessel LM, Felcht J, Hagl CI, Boettcher M, Khasanov R. Quality of Life of Children with Short Bowel Syndrome from Patients' and Parents' Points of View. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:536. [PMID: 38790531 PMCID: PMC11119728 DOI: 10.3390/children11050536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Despite limited research, existing studies using generic quality of life (QOL) tools indicate decreased physical health and compromised emotional functioning in children with IF. This study investigates QOL in children with short bowel syndrome (SBS) and its determinants. The study included 57 pediatric patients with SBS treated at Mannheim's University Hospital between 1998 and 2014. To evaluate QOL, the KINDL questionnaire was used. Three age-specific questionnaire variants were employed, and parental proxy reports were collected. Most patients underwent intestinal lengthening procedures, with varying primary diagnoses. A comparison with healthy children from the patient's perspective revealed no difference but from the parent's perspective showed lower QOL in SBS patients, especially regarding physical and mental well-being. QOL varied with age, with 7-10-year-olds reporting the lowest scores. Several factors, including independence from parenteral nutrition and the presence of a complete colon, positively influenced QOL. The independence of parenteral nutrition and the presence of a complete colon positively influenced QOL. The Bianchi technique for intestinal lengthening has also shown promise but needs further research. The observation sample in this study is too small to generalize about the whole population of SBS patients. However, this study shows that many health and treatment factors affect QOL, and a large multicenter study is necessary. Our findings underline the importance of appropriate psychological support for children with SBS and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Kießling
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, St. Joseph’s Hospital Berlin Tempelhof, Wüsthoffstraße 15, 12101 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lucas M. Wessel
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Judith Felcht
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Cornelia I. Hagl
- Carl Remigius Medical School, Infanteriestraße 11a, 80797 München, Germany
| | - Michael Boettcher
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rasul Khasanov
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
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Martínez-Torres J, Gonzálvez C, Antón N. School refusal profiles maintained by negative reinforcement and their relationship with self-perceived health. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1340010. [PMID: 38562235 PMCID: PMC10982428 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1340010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Health alterations and school refusal behavior may significantly affect student evolution in all areas of student lives. The objective of this study was to use latent profile analysis to identify school refusal profiles sustained by negative reinforcement and to determine their relationship with distinct self-perceived health variables (Satisfaction, Well-being, Resilience, Performance, and Risk-Taking). The School Refusal Assessment Scale-Revised (SRAS-R) and the Child Health and Illness Profile (CHIP-CE/CRF) were administered to 737 students (60.9% male) aged between 8 and 10 (M = 8.76, SD = 0.74). Three profiles of school refusal maintained by negative reinforcement were obtained: no risk, moderate risk, and high risk. It was confirmed that school refusal through negative reinforcement correlates negatively with health dimensions, also finding that a higher risk profile for school refusal is associated with lower levels of self-perceived health. Similarly, it was determined that the high-risk profile is the most maladaptive, with significantly lower data in four of the five self-perceived health dimensions that were evaluated. In conclusion, remaining in situations with no or moderate risk of school refusal due to negative reinforcement encourages higher levels of self-perceived health, while being at high risk of school refusal due to negative reinforcement is associated with worse self-perceived health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carolina Gonzálvez
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Didactics, University of Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, Spain
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3
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Legenbauer T, Kirschbaum-Lesch I, Jörke C, Kölch M, Reis O, Berger C, Dück A, Schulte-Markwort M, Becker-Hebly I, Bienioschek S, Schroth J, Ruckes C, Deuster O, Holtmann M. Bright Light Therapy as Add-On to Inpatient Treatment in Youth With Moderate to Severe Depression: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Psychiatry 2024:2816353. [PMID: 38477894 PMCID: PMC10938243 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Importance Major depressive disorder is one of the most common mental disorders among adolescents, entailing severe, long-term psychosocial impairment and a high risk of chronicity. In view of the large number of patients requiring treatment, along with insufficient treatment responses with small effect sizes, innovative adjunctive treatment strategies are urgently needed. Objective To investigate whether the effect of adolescent psychiatric inpatient treatment as usual for major depressive disorder can be enhanced by simultaneous use of morning bright light therapy. Design, Setting, and Participants This was a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized parallel-group trial with enrollment between March 2018 and November 2020 and follow-up completed in May 2021. The study took place among inpatients at 4 university hospitals for child and adolescent psychiatry across Germany. Of 248 eligible youth aged 12 to 18 years fulfilling ICD-10 criteria for major depressive disorder, 227 were randomized to bright light therapy (n = 116) or placebo red light (n = 111); 151 participants completed the study. Interventions Up to 20 sessions of either morning bright light therapy with an intensity of 10 000 lux or placebo red light (100 lux) in addition to multimodal inpatient treatment as usual over 4 weeks. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was the change in Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) score from baseline to posttreatment in the intention-to-treat sample. Results Among the 224 patients included in the intention-to-treat analyses (192 girls and 32 boys; mean [SD] age, 15.5 [1.4] years), the mean (SD) BDI-II score at baseline was 37.3 (8.7). BDI-II scores were significantly reduced after 4 weeks (postassessment) by a mean of -7.5 (95% CI, -9.0 to -6.0; Hedges g = 0.71). Bright light therapy had no impact on this change (no significant group × time effect). Loss to follow-up was 31% (n = 69) at 16 weeks and 49% (n = 110) at 28 weeks. There were 10 serious adverse events throughout the whole trial, which were not considered related to study treatment. Conclusions and Relevance The findings in this study did not indicate superiority of bright light therapy over placebo red light therapy in a large sample of adolescent inpatients with moderate or severe major depressive disorder. Both groups benefited equally from treatment as usual, showing relevant symptom reduction. Trial Registration German Clinical Trials Register: DRKS00013188.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Legenbauer
- LWL University Hospital Hamm for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Hamm, Germany
| | - Inken Kirschbaum-Lesch
- LWL University Hospital Hamm for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Hamm, Germany
| | - Carina Jörke
- LWL University Hospital Hamm for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Hamm, Germany
| | - Michael Kölch
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Brandenburg Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Neuruppin, Germany
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Olaf Reis
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christoph Berger
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Alexander Dück
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Inga Becker-Hebly
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hamburg University, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Bienioschek
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Brandenburg Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Neuruppin, Germany
| | - Jennifer Schroth
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Brandenburg Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Neuruppin, Germany
| | - Christian Ruckes
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Trials, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Oliver Deuster
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Trials, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Martin Holtmann
- LWL University Hospital Hamm for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Hamm, Germany
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Helleman A, Rubin RT, Gardner W, Lourie A, Taylor AN, Cochran J, Dorn LD, Susman E, Barrowman N, Bijelić V, Leininger L, Pajer K. Circadian cortisol secretion in adolescent girls with conduct disorder. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2023; 148:105972. [PMID: 36462295 PMCID: PMC10038075 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Severe antisocial behavior in girls, best exemplified by conduct disorder (CD), is a serious clinical and public health problem. Treatment is difficult, particularly in girls with comorbid internalizing disorders. Identifying biological correlates may help to develop new treatments or diagnostic, prognostic, or treatment response biomarkers. Based on our earlier work and research from others occurring primarily in boys with severe antisocial behavior, it is possible that abnormalities in the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis circadian cortisol cycle may be associated with female CD. Additionally, research suggests that the presence of comorbid internalizing disorders may be related to differences in cortisol secretion, compared to subjects who only have CD. Our study aimed: 1) to compare the circadian cortisol cycle in 98 girls with CD, 15-16 years of age to 47 girls without any psychiatric disorder (ND) and 2) to compare the cycle in girls with CD and comorbid internalizing disorders (CD + INT) to those without such comorbidity (CD Only). Salivary cortisol was collected over 24 h during weekdays at scheduled times, with protocol adherence measures in place. Unstructured covariance pattern modeling, controlling for effects of age, social class, IQ, and awakening time was used to analyze cortisol data. CD was associated with overall lower cortisol secretion (p = 0.03), but this difference was due to a lower volume of cortisol secreted 30 min after awakening (area under the curve with respect to ground, p = 0.01). Circadian cortisol secretion was no different in the CD+INT group compared to the CD Only group (p = 0.52). Our findings need to be replicated using current consensus guidelines for the assessment of the CAR. We also suggest two new avenues of research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert T Rubin
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - William Gardner
- CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Department of Pediatrics, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Andrea Lourie
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Department of Pediatrics, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Anna N Taylor
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Department of Neurobiology, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Justinn Cochran
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Department of Pediatrics, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lorah D Dorn
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Division of Adolescent Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Elizabeth Susman
- College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | | | - Vid Bijelić
- CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lisa Leininger
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Department of Pediatrics, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kathleen Pajer
- CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Department of Pediatrics, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Llera A, Brammer M, Oakley B, Tillmann J, Zabihi M, Amelink JS, Mei T, Charman T, Ecker C, Dell'Acqua F, Banaschewski T, Moessnang C, Baron-Cohen S, Holt R, Durston S, Murphy D, Loth E, Buitelaar JK, Floris DL, Beckmann CF. Evaluation of data imputation strategies in complex, deeply-phenotyped data sets: the case of the EU-AIMS Longitudinal European Autism Project. BMC Med Res Methodol 2022; 22:229. [PMID: 35971088 PMCID: PMC9380301 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-022-01656-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of large-scale multi-modal research initiatives has been conducted in the typically developing population, e.g. Dev. Cogn. Neur. 32:43-54, 2018; PLoS Med. 12(3):e1001779, 2015; Elam and Van Essen, Enc. Comp. Neur., 2013, as well as in psychiatric cohorts, e.g. Trans. Psych. 10(1):100, 2020; Mol. Psych. 19:659–667, 2014; Mol. Aut. 8:24, 2017; Eur. Child and Adol. Psych. 24(3):265–281, 2015. Missing data is a common problem in such datasets due to the difficulty of assessing multiple measures on a large number of participants. The consequences of missing data accumulate when researchers aim to integrate relationships across multiple measures. Here we aim to evaluate different imputation strategies to fill in missing values in clinical data from a large (total N = 764) and deeply phenotyped (i.e. range of clinical and cognitive instruments administered) sample of N = 453 autistic individuals and N = 311 control individuals recruited as part of the EU-AIMS Longitudinal European Autism Project (LEAP) consortium. In particular, we consider a total of 160 clinical measures divided in 15 overlapping subsets of participants. We use two simple but common univariate strategies—mean and median imputation—as well as a Round Robin regression approach involving four independent multivariate regression models including Bayesian Ridge regression, as well as several non-linear models: Decision Trees (Extra Trees., and Nearest Neighbours regression. We evaluate the models using the traditional mean square error towards removed available data, and also consider the Kullback–Leibler divergence between the observed and the imputed distributions. We show that all of the multivariate approaches tested provide a substantial improvement compared to typical univariate approaches. Further, our analyses reveal that across all 15 data-subsets tested, an Extra Trees regression approach provided the best global results. This not only allows the selection of a unique model to impute missing data for the LEAP project and delivers a fixed set of imputed clinical data to be used by researchers working with the LEAP dataset in the future, but provides more general guidelines for data imputation in large scale epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Llera
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. .,Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. .,LIS Data Solutions, Machine Learning Group, Santander, Spain.
| | - M Brammer
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, King's College London, London, UK
| | - B Oakley
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - J Tillmann
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - M Zabihi
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J S Amelink
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Language & Genetics Department, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - T Mei
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - T Charman
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - C Ecker
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, King's College London, London, UK.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt Am Main, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - F Dell'Acqua
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, King's College London, London, UK
| | - T Banaschewski
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - C Moessnang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt Am Main, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.,Department of Applied Psychology, SRH University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Baron-Cohen
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - R Holt
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - S Durston
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - D Murphy
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, King's College London, London, UK.,Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - E Loth
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, King's College London, London, UK.,Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - J K Buitelaar
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - D L Floris
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Methods of Plasticity Research, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - C F Beckmann
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging - Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain (WIN FMRIB), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Kwon J, Freijser L, Huynh E, Howell M, Chen G, Khan K, Daher S, Roberts N, Harrison C, Smith S, Devlin N, Howard K, Lancsar E, Bailey C, Craig J, Dalziel K, Hayes A, Mulhern B, Wong G, Ratcliffe J, Petrou S. Systematic Review of Conceptual, Age, Measurement and Valuation Considerations for Generic Multidimensional Childhood Patient-Reported Outcome Measures. PHARMACOECONOMICS 2022; 40:379-431. [PMID: 35072935 PMCID: PMC9007803 DOI: 10.1007/s40273-021-01128-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for children (aged ≤ 18 years) present methodological challenges. PROMs can be categorised by their diverse underlying conceptual bases, including functional, disability and health (FDH) status; quality of life (QoL); and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Some PROMs are designed to be accompanied by preference weights. PROMs should account for childhood developmental differences by incorporating age-appropriate health/QoL domains, guidance on respondent type(s) and design. This systematic review aims to identify generic multidimensional childhood PROMs and synthesise their characteristics by conceptual basis, target age, measurement considerations, and the preference-based value sets that accompany them. METHODS The study protocol was registered in the Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42021230833), and reporting followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We conducted systematic database searches for generic multidimensional childhood PROMs covering the period 2012-2020, which we combined with published PROMs identified by an earlier systematic review that covered the period 1992-2011. A second systematic database search identified preference-based value sets for generic multidimensional PROMs. The PROMs were categorised by conceptual basis (FDH status, QoL and HRQoL) and by target age (namely infants and pre-schoolers aged < 5 years, pre-adolescents aged 5-11, adolescents aged 12-18 and multi-age group coverage). Descriptive statistics assessed how PROM characteristics (domain coverage, respondent type and design) varied by conceptual basis and age categories. Involvement of children in PROM development and testing was assessed to understand content validity. Characteristics of value sets available for the childhood generic multidimensional PROMs were identified and compared. RESULTS We identified 89 PROMs, including 110 versions: 52 FDH, 29 QoL, 12 HRQoL, nine QoL-FDH and eight HRQoL-FDH measures; 20 targeted infants and pre-schoolers, 29 pre-adolescents, 24 adolescents and 37 for multiple age groups. Domain coverage demonstrated development trajectories from observable FDH aspects in infancy through to personal independence and relationships during adolescence. PROMs targeting younger children relied more on informant report, were shorter and had fewer ordinal scale points. One-third of PROMs were developed following qualitative research or surveys with children or parents for concept elicitation. There were 21 preference-based value sets developed by 19 studies of ten generic multidimensional childhood PROMs: seven were based on adolescents' stated preferences, seven were from adults from the perspective of or on behalf of the child, and seven were from adults adopting an adult's perspective. Diverse preference elicitation methods were used to elicit values. Practices with respect to anchoring values on the utility scale also varied considerably. The range and distribution of values reflect these differences, resulting in value sets with notably different properties. CONCLUSION Identification and categorisation of generic multidimensional childhood PROMs and value sets by this review can aid the development, selection and interpretation of appropriate measures for clinical and population research and cost-effectiveness-based decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Kwon
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, UK
| | - Louise Freijser
- Centre for Health Policy, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Elisabeth Huynh
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Martin Howell
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Gang Chen
- Centre for Health Economics, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kamran Khan
- Centre for Health Economics at Warwick, University of Warwick, Coventry, England, UK
| | - Shahd Daher
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UK
| | - Nia Roberts
- Bodleian Health Care Libraries, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UK
| | - Conrad Harrison
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UK
| | - Sarah Smith
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England, UK
| | - Nancy Devlin
- Centre for Health Policy, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kirsten Howard
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Emily Lancsar
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Cate Bailey
- Centre for Health Policy, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jonathan Craig
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Kim Dalziel
- Health Economics Unit, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alison Hayes
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Brendan Mulhern
- Centre for Health Economics Research and Evaluation, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Germaine Wong
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Julie Ratcliffe
- Caring, Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Stavros Petrou
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UK
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Gruber JA, Anderson-Carpenter KD, McNall M, Clark SL. Understanding the Longitudinal Impact of School-Based Health Centers on Student Attendance. CHILD & YOUTH CARE FORUM 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10566-022-09691-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Bradley RH, Bryce CI. The Role of Parents in Reducing Academic, Health, and Behavioral Problems for Native American, African American, and Latinx Adolescents. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2021; 42:726-733. [PMID: 34840316 DOI: 10.1097/dbp.0000000000000957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to determine how parental modeling of thoughtful behavior and the home physical environment may reduce the number of developmental problems exhibited by Native American, African American, and Latinx adolescents. METHOD Demographic and home environmental data were collected from 54 Native American, 131 African American, and 159 Latinx families living in 4 states as part of a home visit. Parents and adolescents were administered surveys that captured adolescent health, social skills, problem behavior, self-efficacy beliefs, vocabulary attainment, and school grades. Scores from the surveys were combined to construct both an adolescent problems index and a household risk index. For each of the 3 racial/ethnic groups examined, the adolescent problems index was regressed on parental modeling and encouragement of mature behavior, the home physical environment, and the household risk index. RESULTS Modeling and encouragement of mature behavior was a significant bivariate predictor of overall problems in all 3 groups of adolescents-albeit the overall regression model was nonsignificant for Native Americans. By contrast, the other 2 predictors were nonsignificant in regression models for all 3 groups. CONCLUSION Native American, African American, and Latinx adolescents often face a multitude of risks, including poverty and discrimination. As a consequence, adolescents from these 3 racial/ethnic groups frequently display problems pertaining to health, competence, and adaptive behavior. The results from this study suggest that adolescents from such demographic groups are less likely to manifest developmental problems if their parents model mature behavior and encourage the adolescent to act in thoughtful ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert H Bradley
- Center for Child and Family Success, T. Denny Sanford School of Social and Family Dynamics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ
| | - Crystal I Bryce
- T. Denny Sanford School of Social and Family Dynamics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ
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9
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Lombardi BM, Bledsoe SE, Killian-Farrell C, Lanier P, Skinner A. Victimization and Adversity in Child Welfare Involved Youth: The Cumulative Influence on Child and Caregiver Reported Behavioral Health Symptoms. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2021; 36:NP11647-NP11673. [PMID: 31771393 DOI: 10.1177/0886260519888521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to childhood victimization and adversity (CVA) is pervasive for child welfare (CW) involved youth. However, most research with CW samples has focused on types of maltreatment and fails to recognize the additive influence of exposure to CVA beyond maltreatment. A subsample aged 8 to 17 (n = 1,887) was drawn from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being (NSCAW) II. CVA included six domains. Behavioral health was assessed using the Child Depression Inventory, Trauma Symptom Checklist, and the internalizing and externalizing subscales of the Child Behavior Checklist. Logistic regression was used to explore the association between the number of CVA reported and the risk of clinical-range behavioral health symptoms. Analyses were adjusted for the cluster-based sampling design and sampling weights were applied to provide nationally representative estimates. More than 60% of the sample experienced three or more CVA domains. The number of CVAs reported was associated with all four behavioral health outcomes (p < .001). Children exposed to five or more domains were more likely to report high depressive symptoms (odds ratio [OR] = 5.0), high trauma symptoms (OR = 7.0), and to have internalizing or externalizing symptoms reported by caregivers (OR = 18.0), as compared with children reporting one or less CVAs. Youth involved with CW are exposed to staggeringly high rates of CVA beyond maltreatment. For children who are already at great risk for behavioral health challenges, research to understand screening and interventions for CVA is needed to inform policy and practice initiatives to prevent and mitigate harm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Paul Lanier
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
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10
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Shakiba N, Gao MM, Conradt E, Terrell S, Lester BM. Parent-child relationship quality and adolescent health: Testing the differential susceptibility and diathesis-stress hypotheses in African American youths. Child Dev 2021; 93:269-287. [PMID: 34473345 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.13667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study tested two competing models of differential susceptibility and diathesis-stress in a prospective longitudinal study of African American youths (N = 935). It examined whether individual variations in the functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis at age 11 interact with middle childhood parent-child relationship quality to predict mental and physical health problems in adolescence (ages 11-15 years old). Adolescent boys with lower levels of cortisol reactivity to laboratory challenges had the highest levels of internalizing problems if they experienced a high conflictual relationship with their parents. Equally low-reactive boys, however, reported the lowest number of physical illnesses if their relationship with their parents was characterized by high levels of intimacy and support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nila Shakiba
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, 64 Cummington Mall, Boston, Massachusetts, 02215, USA
| | | | - Elisabeth Conradt
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.,Department of OB/GYN, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Sarah Terrell
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Barry M Lester
- Department of Psychiatry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
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11
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Kerklaan J, Hannan E, Baumgart A, Manera KE, Ju A, McCulloch M, Admani B, Dominello A, Esezobor C, Foster B, Hamilton A, Jankauskiene A, Johnson RJ, Liu I, Marks SD, Neu A, Schaefer F, Sutton S, Wolfenden S, Craig JC, Groothoff J, Howell M, Tong A. Patient- and parent proxy-reported outcome measures for life participation in children with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2021; 35:1924-1937. [PMID: 32743664 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfaa132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its treatment may severely limit the ability of children with CKD to do daily tasks and participate in family, school, sporting and recreational activities. Life participation is critically important to affected children and their families; however, the appropriateness and validity of available measures used to assess this outcome are uncertain. The aim of this study was to identify the characteristics, content and psychometric properties of existing measures for life participation used in children with CKD. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsychINFO, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and the Cochrane Kidney and Transplant register to August 2019 for all studies that used a measure to report life participation in children with CKD. For each measure, we extracted and analyzed the characteristics, dimensions of life participation and psychometric properties. RESULTS From 128 studies, we identified 63 different measures used to assess life participation in children with CKD. Twenty-five (40%) of the measures were patient reported, 7 (11%) were parent proxy reported and 31 (49%) had both self and parent proxy reports available. Twenty-two were used in one study only. The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory version 4.0 generic module was used most frequently in 62 (48%) studies. Seven (11%) were designed to assess ability to participate in life, with 56 (89%) designed to assess other constructs (e.g. quality of life) with a subscale or selected questions on life participation. Across all measures, the three most frequent activities specified were social activities with friends and/or family, leisure activities and self-care activities. Validation data in the pediatric CKD population were available for only 19 (30%) measures. CONCLUSIONS Life participation is inconsistently measured in children with CKD and the measures used vary in their characteristics, content and validity. Validation data supporting these measures in this population are often incomplete and are sparse. A meaningful and validated measure for life participation in children with CKD is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmijn Kerklaan
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Centre for Kidney Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Elyssa Hannan
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Centre for Kidney Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Amanda Baumgart
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Centre for Kidney Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Karine E Manera
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Centre for Kidney Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Angela Ju
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Centre for Kidney Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Mignon McCulloch
- Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Bashir Admani
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Amanda Dominello
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Centre for Kidney Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Christopher Esezobor
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.,Department of Paediatrics, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Bethany Foster
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, Montreal Children's Hospital of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QB, Canada
| | | | - Augustina Jankauskiene
- Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Rebecca J Johnson
- Division of Developmental and Behavioral Health, Children's Mercy Kansas City, University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Isaac Liu
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Stephen D Marks
- Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Alicia Neu
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Franz Schaefer
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shanna Sutton
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sebastian Wolfenden
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jonathan C Craig
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Jaap Groothoff
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Howell
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Centre for Kidney Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Allison Tong
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Centre for Kidney Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia
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12
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Rosales P, Evangelista L, Guo Y, Agbayani CJG, Kain ZN, Fortier MA. Exploring Differences in Perceived Satisfaction, Resilience, and Achievement Between Hispanic and Non-Hispanic White Childhood Cancer Survivors. J Pediatr Health Care 2021; 35:196-204. [PMID: 33516620 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2020.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To address gaps in understanding disparities of posttraumatic growth among childhood cancer survivors, the aims of this study were to (1) compare satisfaction, resilience, and achievement among Hispanic and non-Hispanic White survivors; and (2) examine relationships between sociodemographic and clinical factors with satisfaction, resilience, and achievement. METHOD Survivors (N = 116) at Children's Hospital of Orange County After Cancer Treatment Survivorship Program completed the Child Health and Illness Profile-Adolescent Edition. RESULTS Resilience (p = .003) and achievement (p = .005) were lower among Hispanic survivors. Resilience was positively associated with satisfaction (p < .01) and achievement (p < .01) and achievement was positively associated with years of schooling (p < .01). No differences were found between Hispanic and non-Hispanic White satisfaction scores (p = .95). DISCUSSION Our findings suggest ethnic disparities in posttraumatic growth in childhood cancer survivors. Interventions aimed at promoting posttraumatic growth are vital to address these differences.
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13
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Patient-reported outcome measures are increasingly important measures of patient experience, which can increase research robustness, maximise economic value and improve patient outcomes. This review outlines the benefits, challenges and practicalities of incorporating patient-reported outcome measures in clinical trials. RECENT FINDINGS Patient-reported outcome measures are often the best way of measuring patient symptoms and quality of life. Patient-reported outcome measures can help reduce observer bias, engage patients in the research process, and inform health service resource planning. A range of tools exist to help facilitate clinicians and researchers in selecting and utilising patient reported outcome measures. Key issues to consider when selecting an appropriate tool include the development, format and psychometric properties of the patient-reported outcome measures. The use of patient-reported outcome measures allow us to better understand the patient experience and their values. A range of tools exist to help facilitate the use of patient-reported outcome measures. This article outlines how we can incorporate patient-reported outcome measures in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard G McGee
- The Central Coast Clinical School, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
- Department of Paediatrics, Gosford Hospital, Holden St, Gosford, NSW, 2250, Australia.
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14
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Ellis BJ, Shakiba N, Adkins DE, Lester BM. Early external-environmental and internal-health predictors of risky sexual and aggressive behavior in adolescence: An integrative approach. Dev Psychobiol 2020; 63:556-571. [PMID: 32869286 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
External predictive adaptive response (PAR) models assume that developmental exposures to stress carry predictive information about the future state of the environment, and that development of a faster life history (LH) strategy in this context functions to match the individual to this expected harsh state. More recently internal PAR models have proposed that early somatic condition (i.e., physical health) critically regulates development of LH strategies to match expected future somatic condition. Here we test the integrative hypothesis that poor physical health mediates the relation between early adversity and faster LH strategies. Data were drawn from a longitudinal study (birth to age 16; N = 1,388) of mostly African American participants with prenatal substance exposure. Results demonstrated that both external environmental conditions early in life (prenatal substance exposure, socioeconomic adversity, caregiver distress/depression, and adverse family functioning) and internal somatic condition during preadolescence (birthweight/gestational age, physical illness) uniquely predicted the development of faster LH strategies in adolescence (as indicated by more risky sexual and aggressive behavior). Consistent with the integrative hypothesis, the effect of caregiver distress/depression on LH strategy was mostly mediated by worse physical health. Discussion highlights the implications of these findings for theory and research on stress, development, and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce J Ellis
- Departments of Psychology and Anthropology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Nila Shakiba
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Daniel E Adkins
- Departments of Sociology and Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Barry M Lester
- Center for the Study of Children at Risk, Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI, USA
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15
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Treble-Barna A, Patronick J, Uchani S, Marousis NC, Zigler CK, Fink EL, Kochanek PM, Conley YP, Yeates KO. Epigenetic Effects on Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury Recovery (EETR): An Observational, Prospective, Longitudinal Concurrent Cohort Study Protocol. Front Neurol 2020; 11:460. [PMID: 32595586 PMCID: PMC7303323 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Unexplained heterogeneity in outcomes following pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most critical barriers to the development of effective prognostic tools and therapeutics. The addition of personal biological factors to our prediction models may account for a significant portion of unexplained variance and advance the field toward precision rehabilitation medicine. The overarching goal of the Epigenetic Effects on Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury Recovery (EETR) study is to investigate an epigenetic biomarker involved in both childhood adversity and postinjury neuroplasticity to better understand heterogeneity in neurobehavioral outcomes following pediatric TBI. Our primary hypothesis is that childhood adversity will be associated with worse neurobehavioral recovery in part through an epigenetically mediated reduction in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in response to TBI. Methods and analysis: EETR is an observational, prospective, longitudinal concurrent cohort study of children aged 3-18 years with either TBI (n = 200) or orthopedic injury (n = 100), recruited from the UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh. Participants complete study visits acutely and at 6 and 12 months postinjury. Blood and saliva biosamples are collected at all time points-and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) when available acutely-for epigenetic and proteomic analysis of BDNF. Additional measures assess injury characteristics, pre- and postinjury child neurobehavioral functioning, childhood adversity, and potential covariates/confounders. Recruitment began in July 2017 and will occur for ~6 years, with data collection complete by mid-2023. Analyses will characterize BDNF DNA methylation and protein levels over the recovery period and investigate this novel biomarker as a potential biological mechanism underlying the known association between childhood adversity and worse neurobehavioral outcomes following pediatric TBI. Ethics and dissemination: The study received ethics approval from the University of Pittsburgh Institutional Review Board. Participants and their parents provide informed consent/assent. Research findings will be disseminated via local and international conference presentations and manuscripts submitted to peer-reviewed journals. Trial Registration: The study is registered with clinicaltrials.org (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04186429).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amery Treble-Barna
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jamie Patronick
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Srivatsan Uchani
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Noelle C. Marousis
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Christina K. Zigler
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Ericka L. Fink
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Department of Critical Care and Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Patrick M. Kochanek
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Department of Critical Care and Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Yvette P. Conley
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Keith Owen Yeates
- Department of Psychology, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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16
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Mendelson T, Clary LK, Sibinga E, Tandon D, Musci R, Mmari K, Salkever D, Stuart EA, Ialongo N. A randomized controlled trial of a trauma-informed school prevention program for urban youth: Rationale, design, and methods. Contemp Clin Trials 2020; 90:105895. [PMID: 31786150 PMCID: PMC8100974 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2019.105895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Youth in disadvantaged urban areas are frequently exposed to chronic stress and trauma, including housing instability, neighborhood violence, and other poverty-related adversities. These exposures increase risk for emotional, behavioral, and academic problems and ultimately, school dropout. Schools are a promising setting in which to address these issues; however, there are few universal, trauma-informed school-based interventions for urban youth. METHODS/DESIGN Project POWER (Promoting Options for Wellness and Emotion Regulation) is a randomized controlled trial testing the impact of RAP Club, a trauma-informed intervention for eighth graders that includes mindfulness as a core component. Students in 32 urban public schools (n = 800) are randomly assigned to either RAP Club or a health education active control group. We assess student emotional, behavioral, and academic outcomes using self-report surveys and teacher ratings at baseline, post-intervention, and 4-month follow up. Focus groups and interviews with students, teachers, and principals address program feasibility, acceptability, and fidelity, as well as perceived program impacts. Students complete an additional self-report survey in ninth grade. Schools provide students' academic and disciplinary data for their seventh, eighth, and ninth grade years. In addition, data on program costs are collected to conduct an economic analysis of the intervention and active control programs. DISCUSSION Notable study features include program co-leadership by young adults from the community and building capacity of school personnel for continued program delivery. In addition to testing program impact, we will identify factors related to successful program implementation to inform future program use and dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Mendelson
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, United States.
| | - Laura K Clary
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, United States
| | - Erica Sibinga
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, United States
| | | | - Rashelle Musci
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, United States
| | - Kristin Mmari
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, United States
| | - David Salkever
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, United States
| | | | - Nick Ialongo
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, United States
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17
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Suldo SM, Thalji-Raitano A, Kiefer SM, Ferron JM. Conceptualizing High School Students' Mental Health Through a Dual-Factor Model. SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW 2019. [DOI: 10.17105/spr45-4.434-457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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18
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Shank J, Chamorro-Viña C, Guilcher GMT, Langelier DM, Schulte F, Culos-Reed SN. Evaluation Tools for Physical Activity Programs for Childhood Cancer: A Scoping Review. J Pediatr Oncol Nurs 2019; 37:163-179. [PMID: 31847707 DOI: 10.1177/1043454219891987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on the benefits of physical activity (PA) in childhood cancer has been translated into a handful of community-based programs. However, to foster further translation, an understanding of how to evaluate participant outcomes would be beneficial to provide feedback to participants and stimulate future research. Such a review would provide a summary of acceptable tools for work in this area. The purpose of this scoping review was to identify the evaluation tools that have been used in PA/exercise studies or programs for childhood cancer. This review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Studies included in the review used physical and psychosocial evaluation tools within PA and exercise programs or research for childhood cancer. In addition, studies with measures of health behavior such as PA levels and activities of daily living were included. Tools that assessed physical fitness and physical performance were excluded. Information on the types of evaluation tools used, mean age of participants, and type of cancer was extracted. Psychometric properties of each evaluation tool are reported. The most commonly assessed patient outcomes were motor performance, fatigue, well-being, functional mobility, and quality of life. Less commonly reported patient outcomes were hope, self-efficacy, and self-perception. None of the evaluation tools reported in the PA/exercise and pediatric oncology literature assess physical literacy. This review was the first step in a knowledge translation process, identifying evaluation tools that have been used in PA/exercise programs in childhood cancer survivors, that will guide the development and evaluation of current and future community-based programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jena Shank
- University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Carolina Chamorro-Viña
- University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Kids Cancer Care Foundation of Alberta, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gregory M T Guilcher
- University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | | | - S Nicole Culos-Reed
- University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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19
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Parslow RM, Shaw A, Haywood KL, Crawley E. Developing and pretesting a new patient reported outcome measure for paediatric Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/ Myalgic Encephalopathy (CFS/ME): cognitive interviews with children. J Patient Rep Outcomes 2019; 3:67. [PMID: 31707635 PMCID: PMC6842364 DOI: 10.1186/s41687-019-0156-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is a lack of patient derived, child specific outcome measures to capture what health outcomes are important to children with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/ Myalgic Encephalopathy (CFS/ME). We developed a new Patient Reported Outcome Measure (PROM) for paediatric CFS/ME through qualitative research with children. This study aimed to pre-test the new measure through cognitive interviews with children with CFS/ME. Methods Cognitive interviews were undertaken in children’s homes or over Skype. The Three-Step Test-Interview (TSTI) method was used to assess the quality of the draft PROM with children with CFS/ME to identify problems with initial content and design and test modifications over subsequent interview rounds. Children were purposively sampled from a single specialist paediatric CFS/ME service in England. Results Twenty-four children and their parents took part. They felt the new measure captured issues relevant to their condition and preferred it to the generic measures they completed in clinical assessment. Changes were made to item content and phrasing, timeframe and response options and tested through three rounds of interviews. Conclusions Cognitive interviews identified problems with the draft PROM, enabling us to make changes and then confirm acceptability in children aged 11–18. Further cognitive interviews are required with children 8–10 years old to examine the acceptability and content validity and provide evidence for age related cut offs of the new PROM to meet FDA standards. This study demonstrates the content validity of the new measure as relevant and acceptable for children with CFS/ME. The next stage is to undertake a psychometric evaluation to support the reduction of items, confirm the structure of the PROM and provide evidence of the data quality, reliability and validity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxanne M Parslow
- Centre for Academic Child Health (CACH), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, 1-5 Whiteladies Road, Bristol, BS8 1NU, UK.
| | - Alison Shaw
- Centre for Primary Care Research, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
| | - Kirstie L Haywood
- Warwick Research in Nursing, Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Esther Crawley
- Centre for Academic Child Health (CACH), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, 1-5 Whiteladies Road, Bristol, BS8 1NU, UK
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20
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Griggs S, Ratner HH, Hannigan JH, Delaney-Black V, Chiodo LM. Violence exposure, conflict, and health outcomes in inner-city African American adolescents. Nurs Forum 2019; 54:513-525. [PMID: 31309581 DOI: 10.1111/nuf.12365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine relationships among community and school violence exposure, parent-adolescent conflict, coping style, and self-reported health in a sample of 432 high-risk, inner-city African American adolescents at age 14 years. DESIGN AND METHODS Multiple regression and principal component analysis were used to analyze the secondary data. After controlling for multiple covariates (eg, sex, age, blood lead levels, and socioeconomic status), both violence exposure and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) were related to health outcomes. The survey of exposure to community violence, the safe-school survey, and the conflict tactics scale were used to measure community violence, school violence, and parent-adolescent conflict. Coping was evaluated using the general coping scale. The child health illness profile-adolescent edition was used to obtain self-reported health measures, and the clinician-assisted PTSD scale was used to measure PTSS. RESULTS Higher exposure to community violence was associated with less emotional comfort, less family involvement, higher individual risk, and poorer academic and work performance. Parent-adolescent conflict predicted less physical and emotional comfort and poorer home safety and health. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that it is important to evaluate both violence exposure and the responses to the exposure, which can include both PTSS and diverse coping strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Griggs
- School of Nursing, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut.,College of Nursing, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts
| | - Hilary H Ratner
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.,Wayne State University, Merrill Palmer Skillman Institute, Detroit, Michigan
| | - John H Hannigan
- Wayne State University, Merrill Palmer Skillman Institute, Detroit, Michigan.,Faculty Affairs and Professional Development, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | | | - Lisa M Chiodo
- College of Nursing, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts
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21
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Teisen MN, Niclasen J, Vuholm S, Lundbye-Jensen J, Stark KD, Damsgaard CT, Geertsen SS, Lauritzen L. Exploring correlations between neuropsychological measures and domain-specific consistency in associations with n-3 LCPUFA status in 8-9 year-old boys and girls. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216696. [PMID: 31116782 PMCID: PMC6530844 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFA) have in some studies been associated with cognitive and socioemotional outcomes in children, but results are inconsistent possibly due to the use of different tests and potential gender-specific effects. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to explore overall patterns in neuropsychological scores as well as correlations between scores within specific domains, and to examine potential gender differences and consistency in associations with n-3 LCPUFA status. In 199 Danish 8–9 year-old children, we performed a large battery of tests and questionnaires on attention, processing speed, executive functions, memory, and socioemotional traits, and measured erythrocyte fatty acid composition. Principal component analyses (PCA) showed that most of the variation in both cognitive performance and socioemotional traits was explained by overall performance, followed by speed-accuracy trade off and externalizing vs. internalizing problems, respectively. Boys had higher speed, lower attention and higher externalizing problem scores than girls. Measures of performance within both processing speed and attention domains correlated moderately, whereas no correlations were found for measures of executive functions apart from some weak correlations for impulsivity. Parent-rated scores for both externalizing and internalizing problems correlated strongly, whereas correlations with child-rated scores were weak. Scores within specific domains did not consistently associate with n-3 LCPUFA, except for processing speed measures which all pointed to faster processing with increased n-3 LCPUFA status. Gender differences in the associations were observed for attention and impulsivity. Child- but not parent-rated internalizing and social problems tended to associate directly with n-3 LCPUFA, supported by increased internalizing problems measured by the PCA component. In conclusion, measures of speed and attention seem to represent these domains in general, whereas single measures of more complex cognitive functions should be interpreted with caution. One approach could be to use multiple tests and create multivariate scores to guide interpretations. Furthermore, the results indicate a need to consider both parent- and child-rated socioemotional scores and gender differences in neuropsychological functions e.g. in investigations of n-3 LCPUFA effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie N. Teisen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | - Janni Niclasen
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Health Promotion, Diabetes Prevention Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Frederikshøj Dagbehandlingsskole, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stine Vuholm
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Lundbye-Jensen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ken D. Stark
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Camilla T. Damsgaard
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Svend S. Geertsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lotte Lauritzen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Desai VR, Gadgil N, Saad S, Raskin JS, Lam SK. Measures of Health-Related Quality of Life Outcomes in Pediatric Neurosurgery: Literature Review. World Neurosurg 2018; 122:252-265. [PMID: 30399472 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.10.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improving value in healthcare means optimizing outcomes and minimizing costs. The emerging pay-for-performance era requires understanding of the effect of healthcare services on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Pediatric and surgical subspecialties have yet to fully integrate HRQoL measures into practice. The present study reviewed and characterized the HRQoL outcome measures across various pediatric neurosurgical diagnoses. METHODS A literature review was performed by searching PubMed and Google Scholar with search terms such as "health-related quality of life" and "pediatric neurosurgery" and then including the specific pathologies for which a HRQoL instrument was found (e.g., "health-related quality of life" plus "epilepsy"). Each measurement was evaluated by content and purpose, relative strengths and weaknesses, and validity. RESULTS We reviewed 68 reports. Epilepsy, brain tumor, cerebral palsy, spina bifida, hydrocephalus, and scoliosis were diagnoses found in reported studies that had used disease-specific HRQoL instruments. Information using general HRQoL instruments was also reported. Internal, test-retest, and/or interrater reliability varied across the instruments, as did face, content, concurrent, and/or construct validity. Few instruments were tested enough for robust reliability and validity. Significant variability was found in the usage of these instruments in clinical studies within pediatric neurosurgery. CONCLUSIONS The HRQoL instruments used in pediatric neurosurgery are currently without standardized guidelines and thus exhibit high variability in use. Clinicians should support the development and application of these methods to optimize these instruments, promote standardization of research, improve performance measures to reflect clinically modifiable and meaningful outcomes, and, ultimately, lead the national discussion in healthcare quality and patient-centered care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virendra R Desai
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
| | - Nisha Gadgil
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shahbaz Saad
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Raskin
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Sandi K Lam
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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The Association Between Physical Activity and General Life Satisfaction in Lower Secondary School Students: The Role of Individual and Family Factors. Community Ment Health J 2018; 54:1245-1252. [PMID: 30076505 PMCID: PMC6208981 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-018-0309-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the paper was to investigate the association between PA and general life satisfaction in adolescents, taking into account family affluence and selected psychological, family and school factors. The survey (2015) involved 4085 Polish lower-secondary school students. Life satisfaction was measured with the abridged Students' Life Satisfaction Scale (SLSS). Vigorous Physical Activity, self-esteem, family affluence, family relations and the perception of the school environment were considered as independent variables. Hierarchical and path models were applied. The mean SLSS score was M = 4.66 (SD = 2.23), and 36.9% of its variability was explained-mainly by self-esteem. The impact of PA on self-esteem became stronger when family affluence decreased, which led to the conclusion that material status may modify the impact of behavioural factors on the SLSS scores' variability in adolescence.
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Holtmann M, Mokros L, Kirschbaum-Lesch I, Kölch M, Plener PL, Ruckes C, Schulte-Markwort M, Legenbauer T. Adolescent depression: Study protocol for a randomized, controlled, double-blind multicenter parallel group trial of Bright Light Therapy in a naturalistic inpatient setting (DeLight). Trials 2018; 19:568. [PMID: 30340625 PMCID: PMC6194631 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-018-2949-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depressive disorders are among the most prominent health problems in youth. Even with the best available pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments, remission rates are low. Without early treatment, depression in youth is associated with a high risk of symptom progression, chronicity, co-morbidity, and suicidal behavior. Thus, adolescent depression is a prime candidate for innovation in treatment. In depressive adults, meta-analytic evidence has proven that bright light therapy (BLT) is a potent low-threshold intervention, promising due to easy application, low side effects, and optimized compliance. In adolescents, studies with small samples show promising effects. This randomized controlled trial will examine the effectiveness of BLT in youth inpatients. METHODS/DESIGN In this randomized, controlled, double-blind multicenter parallel group trial, morning BLT is applied for four weeks in addition to treatment as usual (TAU) for depressed youth inpatients (daily morning exposure to bright light via light-emitting glasses, 10,000 lx, for 30 min) and will be compared to a control condition (placebo light treatment, red light, identical light glasses). The primary objective is to assess whether BLT reduces symptoms of depression in youth with greater effect compared to placebo light therapy. Secondary objectives are to examine the impact of BLT on responder status, application of antidepressant medication, and further depression-related symptoms (sleep, activity, quality of life, satisfaction with health, general psychopathology, alertness, and circadian function). N = 224 patients will be recruited in a naturalistic inpatient setting. A follow-up will be carried out after three and six months. DISCUSSION The study aims to discuss and evaluate BLT as an additive method supporting standardized clinical procedures dealing with severe to moderate depressive symptoms in youth. TRIAL REGISTRATION German Clinical Trials Register, DRKS00013188 . Registered on November 30, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Holtmann
- Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, LWL University Hospital Hamm of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Heithofer Allee 64, 59071 Hamm, Germany
| | - Laura Mokros
- Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, LWL University Hospital Hamm of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Heithofer Allee 64, 59071 Hamm, Germany
| | - Inken Kirschbaum-Lesch
- Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, LWL University Hospital Hamm of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Heithofer Allee 64, 59071 Hamm, Germany
| | - Michael Kölch
- Department Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Brandenburg Medical School, Neuruppin, Germany
| | - Paul L. Plener
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christian Ruckes
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Trials, Mainz University, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Tanja Legenbauer
- Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, LWL University Hospital Hamm of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Heithofer Allee 64, 59071 Hamm, Germany
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25
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Berg KL, Medrano J, Acharya K, Lynch A, Msall ME. Health Impact of Participation for Vulnerable Youth With Disabilities. Am J Occup Ther 2018; 72:7205195040p1-7205195040p9. [PMID: 30157012 DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2018.023622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated the mental health impact of participation for youth with disabilities (YWD) in the child welfare system who had experienced victimization in the previous year. METHOD Nationally representative data were obtained from the second National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being. Our sample consisted of 247 YWD ages 11-17 yr. Multivariable probit regression analysis and a robust variance estimator were used to test the relationships among disability status, participation, and clinical depression. RESULTS The probability of reporting clinical depression was 4 times higher for victimized YWD who reported lower breadth of participation than for victimized YWD who reported higher breadth of participation (6% vs. 26%; p = .03). CONCLUSION Occupational therapy aimed at increasing opportunities for engagement in activities may enhance the mental health of the most vulnerable YWD. Participation in meaningful activities can improve both overall health and transition to independence for vulnerable YWD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin L Berg
- Kristin L. Berg, AM, PhD, is Assistant Professor, Department of Social Work, School of Health Sciences, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls;
| | - Jonathon Medrano
- Jonathon Medrano, PhD, is Assistant Professor of Pediatrics and Training Associate, Center for Disabilities, University of South Dakota School of Medicine, Sioux Falls
| | - Kruti Acharya
- Kruti Acharya, MD, is Assistant Professor and LEND Director, Department of Disability and Human Development and Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago
| | - Amy Lynch
- Amy Lynch, PhD, OTR/L, is Assistant Professor, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Michael E Msall
- Michael E. Msall, MD, is Chief of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, University of Chicago Medicine, Comer Children's Hospital, and Kennedy Research Center on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Chicago, IL
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26
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Bell CJ, Bell RA, Zebrack B, Kato I, Morse A, Borinstein SC. Measuring Development of Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Patients: An Integrative Review of Available Instruments. J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol 2018; 7:270-282. [DOI: 10.1089/jayao.2017.0127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia J. Bell
- College of Nursing, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | | | - Brad Zebrack
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Ikuko Kato
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Alyssa Morse
- College of Nursing, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Scott C. Borinstein
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
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27
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Bermejo-Martins E, López-Dicastillo O, Mujika A. An exploratory trial of a health education programme to promote healthy lifestyles through social and emotional competence in young children: Study protocol. J Adv Nurs 2017; 74:211-222. [PMID: 28746738 DOI: 10.1111/jan.13402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM To implement and evaluate a health education programme based on the development of social and emotional competence in young children. BACKGROUND Children's social and emotional skills play a key role in the adoption and maintenance of their lifestyles. Currently, a more comprehensive perspective dealing with these aspects is needed to promote healthy habits in children and develop effective health education programmes. DESIGN An exploratory randomized controlled trial. METHODS A convenience sample of 30 children (5 and 6 years old) will be recruited from a public school in Spain, with 15 participants in the experimental group and 15 in the control group. Participants in the experimental group will receive the first unit of the programme, consisting of developing emotional knowledge skills around daily health habits (eating, hygiene, sleep and physical exercise) using different game-based dynamics and an emotional diary, while those in the control group will continue with their usual school routine. Outcome measures include emotional knowledge ability, basic social skills and children's health profile. The perceived impact of the intervention by parents, acceptability (by parents and children) and feasibility of the programme will be also assessed. Data will be collected at baseline, postintervention and at 7-month follow-up. DISCUSSION This study offers an innovative intervention aimed at improving children's healthy lifestyles from a holistic perspective by addressing social and emotional competence as one of the most influential aspects of children's development. This exploratory trial is an essential step to explore crucial aspects of the full-scale clinical trial.
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28
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Devine KA, Mertens AC, Whitton JA, Wilson CL, Ness KK, Gilleland Marchak J, Leisenring W, Oeffinger KC, Robison LL, Armstrong GT, Krull KR. Factors associated with physical activity among adolescent and young adult survivors of early childhood cancer: A report from the childhood cancer survivor study (CCSS). Psychooncology 2017; 27:613-619. [PMID: 28805953 DOI: 10.1002/pon.4528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate concurrent and longitudinal associations between psychosocial functioning and physical activity in adolescent and young adult survivors of early childhood cancer. METHODS Adolescent survivors of early childhood cancer (diagnosed before age four) participating in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study completed the Coping Health and Illness Profile-Adolescent Edition (CHIP-AE; n = 303; mean age at survey: 17.6 years). A subset of these survivors (n = 248) completed a follow-up survey an average of 6.0 years later (range: 4-10). Logistic regression identified associations between psychosocial functioning in adolescence and physical activity levels in adolescence and young adulthood. RESULTS Survivors reported low physical activity as adolescents (46.1% scored below CHIP-AE cut-point) and young adults (40.8% below Centers for Disease Control guidelines). Poor physical activity during adolescence was associated with female sex (OR = 2.06, 95% CI, 1.18-3.68), parents with less than a college education (OR = 1.91, 95% CI, 1.11-3.32), previous treatment with cranial radiation (OR = 3.35, 95% CI, 1.69-6.88), TV time (OR = 1.77, 95% CI, 1.00-3.14), and limitations of activity due to health or mobility restrictions (OR = 8.28, 95% CI, 2.87-30.34). Poor diet (OR = 1.84, 95% CI, 1.05-3.26) and low self-esteem (OR = 1.80, 95% CI, 0.99-3.31) during adolescence were associated with lower odds of meeting Centers for Disease Control physical activity guidelines in young adulthood. CONCLUSION These findings provide targets for future interventional studies to improve physical activity in this high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie A Devine
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Ann C Mertens
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - John A Whitton
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kevin R Krull
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
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Abstract
Studies have shown that shy children born in the 1920s and 1950s had delayed marriage and parenthood, less stable careers, and lower occupational attainment as adults than other children. Do these effects still hold true? We examined demographic and social outcomes of children born between 1977 and 1982 in a prospective longitudinal study. We assessed shyness in childhood (age 8), adolescence (age 12-16), young adulthood (age 22-26), and adulthood (age 30-35), and derived three shyness trajectories (i.e., decreasing, increasing, and low-stable). Social and demographic outcomes for shy children who outgrew their shyness (i.e., decreasing trajectory) were indistinguishable from those who were consistently low on shyness measures. However, a shyness trajectory beginning in adolescence and increasing to adulthood was associated with poorer outcomes, similar to previous studies. These findings highlight the importance of multiple assessments in long-term longitudinal studies and the need to consider personality development within a generational context.
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30
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Sodergren SC, Husson O, Robinson J, Rohde GE, Tomaszewska IM, Vivat B, Dyar R, Darlington AS. Systematic review of the health-related quality of life issues facing adolescents and young adults with cancer. Qual Life Res 2017; 26:1659-1672. [PMID: 28251543 PMCID: PMC5486886 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-017-1520-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE For adolescents and young adults (AYAs), the impact of a cancer diagnosis and subsequent treatment is likely to be distinct from other age groups given the unique and complex psychosocial challenges of this developmental phase. In this review of the literature, we report the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) issues experienced by AYAs diagnosed with cancer and undergoing treatment. METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsychINFO and the Cochrane Library Databases were searched for publications reporting HRQoL of AYAs. Issues generated from interviews with AYAs or from responses to patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) were extracted. RESULTS 166 papers were reviewed in full and comprised 72 papers covering 69 primary studies, 49 measurement development or evaluation papers and 45 reviews. Of the 69 studies reviewed, 11 (16%) used interviews to elicit AYAs' descriptions of HRQoL issues. The majority of the PROMs used in the studies represent adaptations of paediatric or adult measures. HRQoL issues were organised into the following categories: physical, cognitive, restricted activities, relationships with others, fertility, emotions, body image and spirituality/outlook on life. CONCLUSION The HRQoL issues presented within this review are likely to be informative to health care professionals and AYAs. The extensive list of issues suggests that the impact of a cancer diagnosis and treatment during adolescence and young adulthood is widespread and reflects the complexities of this developmental phase.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olga Husson
- Department of Medical Psychology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jessica Robinson
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Gudrun E Rohde
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
- Department of Clinical Research, Sorlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Iwona M Tomaszewska
- Department of Medical Education, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Bella Vivat
- Marie Curie Palliative Care Research Department and Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
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Mazur J, Tabak I, Zawadzka D. Determinants of Bullying at School Depending on the Type of Community: Ecological Analysis of Secondary Schools in Poland. SCHOOL MENTAL HEALTH 2017; 9:132-142. [PMID: 28572858 PMCID: PMC5429380 DOI: 10.1007/s12310-017-9206-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Ecological studies, when the school is the unit of analysis, may help to design and evaluate school intervention programs. The paper discusses selected contextual determinants of bullying, using data collected in Poland in 2015 and aggregated to school level (4085 students; 70 junior high schools). The main hypothesis is related to the neighborhood social capital as protective factor and the type of community as a modifier. The main dependent variable was the combined index of bullying which included three perspectives (victim, perpetrator, bystander). Student delinquent behavior was taken into account as potential determinant, along with selected characteristics of the school and neighborhood. The analyses were adjusted for the percentage of the surveyed boys. The overall bullying index ranged, depending on the school, from 0.88 to 4.07 points (out of 12 possible); intraclass coefficient ICC = 2.8%. In the entire sample, the main predictors of bullying were student delinquent behaviors as a risk factor and the school social climate as a protective factor (R2 = 56.3%). The stratification of schools due to their location influences the inference regarding those main determinants. The dominating influence of delinquent behavior is visible only in big cities where bullying index showed the highest dispersion. In smaller towns and rural areas, the neighborhood social capital becomes an important protective factor; highly correlated with the school climate. We can conclude that strong social bonds in the community are supportive for school climate and can reduce the level of bullying at schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Mazur
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, Institute of Mother and Child, Kasprzaka 17a, 01-211 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Izabela Tabak
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, Institute of Mother and Child, Kasprzaka 17a, 01-211 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Zawadzka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, Institute of Mother and Child, Kasprzaka 17a, 01-211 Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Applied Psychology, The Maria Grzegorzewska University, Szczęśliwicka 40, 02-353 Warsaw, Poland
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Kamp-Becker I, Poustka L, Bachmann C, Ehrlich S, Hoffmann F, Kanske P, Kirsch P, Krach S, Paulus FM, Rietschel M, Roepke S, Roessner V, Schad-Hansjosten T, Singer T, Stroth S, Witt S, Wermter AK. Study protocol of the ASD-Net, the German research consortium for the study of Autism Spectrum Disorder across the lifespan: from a better etiological understanding, through valid diagnosis, to more effective health care. BMC Psychiatry 2017; 17:206. [PMID: 28577550 PMCID: PMC5455122 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-017-1362-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a severe, lifelong neurodevelopmental disorder with early onset that places a heavy burden on affected individuals and their families. Due to the need for highly specialized health, educational and vocational services, ASD is a cost-intensive disorder, and strain on health care systems increases with increasing age of the affected individual. METHODS The ASD-Net will study Germany's largest cohort of patients with ASD over the lifespan. By combining methodological expertise from all levels of clinical research, the ASD-Net will follow a translational approach necessary to identify neurobiological pathways of different phenotypes and their appropriate identification and treatment. The work of the ASD-Net will be organized into three clusters concentrating on diagnostics, therapy and health economics. In the diagnostic cluster, data from a large, well-characterized sample (N = 2568) will be analyzed to improve the efficiency of diagnostic procedures. Pattern classification methods (machine learning) will be used to identify algorithms for screening purposes. In a second step, the developed algorithm will be tested in an independent sample. In the therapy cluster, we will unravel how an ASD-specific social skills training with concomitant oxytocin administration can modulate behavior through neurobiological pathways. For the first time, we will characterize long-term effects of a social skills training combined with oxytocin treatment on behavioral and neurobiological phenotypes. Also acute effects of oxytocin will be investigated to delineate general and specific effects of additional oxytocin treatment in order to develop biologically plausible models for symptoms and successful therapeutic interventions in ASD. Finally, in the health economics cluster, we will assess service utilization and ASD-related costs in order to identify potential needs and cost savings specifically tailored to Germany. The ASD-Net has been established as part of the German Research Network for Mental Disorders, funded by the BMBF (German Federal Ministry of Education and Research). DISCUSSION The highly integrated structure of the ASD-Net guarantees sustained collaboration of clinicians and researchers to alleviate individual distress, harm, and social disability of patients with ASD and reduce costs to the German health care system. TRIAL REGISTRATION Both clinical trials of the ASD-Net are registered in the German Clinical Trials Register: DRKS00008952 (registered on August 4, 2015) and DRKS00010053 (registered on April 8, 2016).
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge Kamp-Becker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Medical Clinic, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Luise Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Ehrlich
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical Faculty of the Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Falk Hoffmann
- Department of Health Services Research, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Kanske
- Department of Social Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Kirsch
- Department of Clinical Psychology Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sören Krach
- Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Schleswig-Holstein Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Frieder Michel Paulus
- Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Schleswig-Holstein Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stefan Roepke
- Department of Psychiatry, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Medical Faculty Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Veit Roessner
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical Faculty of the Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tanja Schad-Hansjosten
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tania Singer
- Department of Social Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sanna Stroth
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Medical Clinic, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Witt
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Anne-Kathrin Wermter
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Medical Clinic, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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Huang CH, Wang TF, Tang FI, Chen IJ, Yu S. Development and validation of a Quality of Life Scale for elementary school students. Int J Clin Health Psychol 2017; 17:180-191. [PMID: 30487893 PMCID: PMC6220917 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Emotional well-being affects the school performance of elementary school children. Quality of life (QoL) measurements are indicative of emotional well-being; however, the development of assessment tools suitable for measuring the QoL of elementary school children has received little attention and, therefore, the creation of reliable assessment tools for measuring QoL among this population is required. Method: We employed qualitative and quantitative research methods to develop and validate a QoL scale for elementary school children in Taiwan. We used cluster random sampling to recruit 711 fifth and sixth grade students, aged 10-12 years, from 14 elementary schools. Results: The scale comprised six factors (School function, Family function, Environmental life, Vitality for life, Learning ability, and Peer relationships) that explained 44% of the variance. The developed 21-item elementary school QoL (ESQoL) instrument had high internal consistency and satisfactory reliability and validity. Conclusions: The ESQoL instrument can facilitate the evaluation of factors associated with students' emotional well-being. Additional studies using the ESQoL instrument are required to assess its applicability for evaluating relationships between QoL and school performance and other areas of student life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - I-Ju Chen
- National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan
| | - Shu Yu
- National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan
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Mazur J, Kowalewska A, Zawadzka D, Dzielska A, Wais K. External evaluation of the school and academic achievements in relation to alcohol drinking and delinquent behaviour among secondary school students. ALCOHOLISM AND DRUG ADDICTION 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.alkona.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Ruiz ME, Sender L, Torno L, Fortier MA. The Associations of Age and Ethnicity on Substance Use Behaviors of Adolescent and Young Adult Childhood Cancer Survivors. Psychooncology 2016; 25:1229-1236. [DOI: 10.1002/pon.4225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maritza E. Ruiz
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology; Harbor-UCLA Medical Center; Torrance CA USA
| | - Leonard Sender
- Pediatric Oncology; CHOC Children's Hospital/University of California, Irvine; Orange CA USA
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of California, Irvine; Orange CA USA
| | - Lilibeth Torno
- Pediatric Oncology; CHOC Children's Hospital/University of California, Irvine; Orange CA USA
| | - Michelle A. Fortier
- Pediatric Oncology; CHOC Children's Hospital/University of California, Irvine; Orange CA USA
- Pediatric Psychology; CHOC Children's Hospital; Orange CA USA
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Bakaniene I, Prasauskiene A, Vaiciene-Magistris N. Health-related quality of life in children with myelomeningocele: a systematic review of the literature. Child Care Health Dev 2016; 42:625-43. [PMID: 27381478 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Myelomeningocele (MMC) is the most complex congenital birth defect compatible with life. To provide the best health care for children with MMC, clinicians and researchers have to understand health and functional status of their patients as well as factors influencing their quality of life (QOL). The objective is to review studies that assess health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and determinants of HRQOL in children with MMC. The data sources include MEDLINE, along with reference lists of relevant reviews and included articles. Study eligibility criteria are quantitative studies that assess HRQOL using validated HRQOL instrument. Participants include children aged 0-18 years with diagnosis of MMC or spina bifida. Risk of bias was assessed using the Hayden system for non-randomized studies. Narrative synthesis and tables of results of HRQOL studies were conducted. Children with MMC have decreased HRQOL compared with normative population. Physical HRQOL is the most exposed aspect of QOL, while discrepancies in psychosocial domains vary by study. Many determinants of QOL have been found, and it is still not clear which determinant can be described as the strongest predictor. Psychosocial factors are the most consistent determinants of HRQOL.Heterogeneous study sample size, study designs, determinant and outcomes measures limited synthesis of findings. The HRQOL in children with MMC is complex and mediated by a number of associated medical problems, together with a variety of psychosocial and environmental factors. Future research is needed (a) on the relation between complex medical problems, functional independence, parent's and clinician's expectation and HRQOL in children and (b) to assess the differences in HRQOL by social environment and healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Bakaniene
- Department of Children's Rehabilitation, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - A Prasauskiene
- Department of Children's Rehabilitation, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - N Vaiciene-Magistris
- Department of Neurology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
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Ensminger ME, Forrest CB, Riley AW, Kang M, Green BF, Starfield B, Ryan SA. The Validity of Measures of Socioeconomic Status of Adolescents. JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0743558400153005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the validity of measures of socioeconomic status (SES) as reported by adolescents. Adolescents completed a self-administered questionnaire that included eight measures of SES. Mothers also reported on selected measures of SES. Supporting criterion validity, adolescents and mothers had relatively high agreement on the SES measures. Older adolescents, those less involved in risk behaviors, and those who do better in school gave more accurate SES reports and/or were less likely to have missing SES data. Those in households without fathers were less likely to know fathers’ information. Income was not asked of the adolescents. However, most adolescent-reported SES questions varied systematically and in the expected direction with mothers’income report. In terms of construct validity, the SES measures related to adolescent health measures in the predicted way—that is, those with higher SES were more likely to report better physical and emotional health.
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Subjective health of adolescents from families in receipt of social assistance. Public Health 2016; 137:106-12. [PMID: 26976485 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the subjective health of adolescents from families in receipt and not in receipt of social assistance. STUDY DESIGN Nationwide cross-sectional study of 1812 pupils aged 13-18 years in Poland in 2010-2011. METHODS The analysis focused on two dimensions of the Child Health and Illness Profile - Adolescent Edition questionnaire: discomfort and satisfaction with health. Age, sex and seven socio-economic factors were considered as determinants. RESULTS Overall, 10.8% of the respondents reported that their families were in receipt of social welfare benefits. Among the families of low socio-economic status and living in poor regions, the percentage in receipt of social welfare benefits increased to 22.1%; however, this figure was lower (4.4%) if both parents had a higher level of education. After adjustment for six sociodemographic variables, the standardized regression coefficient of the social welfare benefits variable amounted to 0.072 (P = 0.004) in the discomfort model and -0.044 (P = 0.079) in the satisfaction model. A significant three-level interaction was found (P = 0.007) between residential location, neighbourhood affluence and being in receipt of social welfare benefits as predicators of discomfort score (general linear model). CONCLUSIONS Being in receipt of social welfare benefits has a stronger impact on experiencing discomfort than diminishing satisfaction with one's health. It also has a stronger effect on physical problems than on emotional problems. The item 'on social assistance' is recommended as it helps to identify families particularly exposed to the health consequences of poverty.
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Wallander JL, Koot HM. Quality of life in children: A critical examination of concepts, approaches, issues, and future directions. Clin Psychol Rev 2015; 45:131-43. [PMID: 26911191 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2015.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The quality of children's life is important both as an investment in the future of our society and because children constitute an important group of themselves and deserve to experience well-being presently. Quality of life (QOL) has been conceptualized and studied in children for several decades, but with disparate approaches that have rarely been discussed jointly with application to children in general. Here we describe and critically examine the three main approaches to children's QOL: health-related QOL (HRQOL), social indicators, and subjective well-being (SWB). Although this is not a review of instruments per se, we illustrate these approaches by describing their most prominent measures. Issues and opportunities in research on children's QOL are then discussed related to conceptual clarity, content specification, range of experience, subjective and objective perspectives, development in childhood, reporting source, and malleability of QOL. Finally, directions for advancing children's QOL are considered. We highlight the benefits of focusing on social indicators and SWB, rather than HRQOL, when representing this concept for children in general, the need for applying more sophisticated research strategies, and using QOL as a universal indicator of success whenever we intend to advance the well-being of children through intervention, programs, and policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan L Wallander
- Psychological Sciences and Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced, United States.
| | - Hans M Koot
- Department of Developmental Psychology and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Berg KL, Shiu CS, Msall ME, Acharya K. Victimization and depression among youth with disabilities in the US child welfare system. Child Care Health Dev 2015; 41:989-99. [PMID: 25761940 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to examine the prevalence of victimization among a United States-wide cohort of youth with disabilities (YWD) investigated for maltreatment in the child welfare system (CWS) and their correlation with mental health. METHODS Data were drawn from baseline interviews in the second National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being, a national representative survey of youth involved in the CWS. Interviews took place between 2008 and 2009 and included 675 youth, 11-17 years old and residing with biological families across 83 counties nationwide. The sample consisted of 405 females (60.1%) and 270 males (39.9%), mean age = 13.5 years. We identified YWD if they reported one or more physical or neurodevelopmental health condition (n = 247). Reported victimization experiences and Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) scores were analysed using weighted regression analyses. RESULTS One-quarter of YWD in the CWS reported three or more victimizations during the prior year compared with 19% of youth without disabilities. The odds of YWD reporting a one-unit increase in level of victimization was 75% higher (P < 0.05) than youth without disabilities. Prevalence of clinical depression was significantly higher among YWD (14 vs. 5.5%; P < 0.05). Unlike youth without disabilities, the odds of clinical depression were 92% higher for every one-unit increase in victimization among YWD, controlling for covariates (P < 0.05). Of CWS-involved youth who reported three or more victimizations, 24.4% of YWD and 2.2% of non-disabled youth had CDI scores in the clinical range. CONCLUSION YWDs in the US CWS are at high risk of experiencing victimization and clinical depression. Our findings suggest that health professionals need to screen CWS-involved YWD for multiple forms of victimization, and develop and implement trauma-informed services that target the mental health sequelae that may jeopardize their independence in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Berg
- The College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - C-S Shiu
- Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - M E Msall
- Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics at University of Chicago Medicine, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.,Kennedy Research Center on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - K Acharya
- Department of Disability and Human Development and Pediatrics, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Health and Human Services, Leadership Education in Neurodevelopmental and Related Disorders Training Program (LEND), Chicago, IL, USA
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Berg KL, Shiu CS, Msall ME, Acharya K. Victimization and restricted participation among young people with disabilities in the US child welfare system. Dev Med Child Neurol 2015; 57:564-70. [PMID: 25645010 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.12678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to assess the role of disability and victimization in young people's participation in developmentally salient activities by analyzing a nationally representative group of young people from the child welfare system (CWS). METHOD Data were obtained from interviews with young people and their parents, recorded by the second National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being (NSCAW II). The sample group consisted of 405 females and 270 males, ranging in age from 11 to 17 years (mean age 13y 6mo), and residing with families throughout the USA. The relationships among disability status, victimization, and participation were explored using weighted logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Controlling for demographical and family-related factors, the probability of young people with disabilities (YWD), involved with the CWS, reporting two or more victimizations was 120% higher (p<0.01) than that of young people without disabilities. YWD in the CWS were almost twice as likely as young people without disabilities to report participation in only one or no developmentally salient activities. Controlling for all other variables, the odds of restricted participation were 6.8-fold higher (p<0.05) for victimized YWD in the CWS. INTERPRETATION Young people with disabilities who report victimization are significantly less likely than their typically developing peers to participate in developmentally salient activities. Without coordinated efforts to prevent victimization of YWD in the CWS, there will be significant barriers to their participation, well-being, and independent living outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin L Berg
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cheng-Shi Shiu
- School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael E Msall
- University of Chicago Medicine, Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kruti Acharya
- Department of Disability & Human Development, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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García de Diego L, Cuervo M, Martínez JA. Development of a learning-oriented computer assisted instruction designed to improve skills in the clinical assessment of the nutritional status: a pilot evaluation. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126345. [PMID: 25978456 PMCID: PMC4433199 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Computer assisted instruction (CAI) is an effective tool for evaluating and training students and professionals. In this article we will present a learning-oriented CAI, which has been developed for students and health professionals to acquire and retain new knowledge through the practice. A two-phase pilot evaluation was conducted, involving 8 nutrition experts and 30 postgraduate students, respectively. In each training session, the software developed guides users in the integral evaluation of a patient's nutritional status and helps them to implement actions. The program includes into the format clinical tools, which can be used to recognize possible patient's needs, to improve the clinical reasoning and to develop professional skills. Among them are assessment questionnaires and evaluation criteria, cardiovascular risk charts, clinical guidelines and photographs of various diseases. This CAI is a complete software package easy to use and versatile, aimed at clinical specialists, medical staff, scientists, educators and clinical students, which can be used as a learning tool. This application constitutes an advanced method for students and health professionals to accomplish nutritional assessments combining theoretical and empirical issues, which can be implemented in their academic curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta Cuervo
- Department of Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBERobn, Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - J. Alfredo Martínez
- Department of Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBERobn, Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
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Janssens A, Rogers M, Thompson Coon J, Allen K, Green C, Jenkinson C, Tennant A, Logan S, Morris C. A systematic review of generic multidimensional patient-reported outcome measures for children, part II: evaluation of psychometric performance of English-language versions in a general population. VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2015; 18:334-45. [PMID: 25773569 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objectives of this systematic review were 1) to identify studies that assess the psychometric performance of the English-language version of 35 generic multidimensional patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for children and young people in general populations and evaluate their quality and 2) to summarize the psychometric properties of each PROM. METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycINFO were searched. The methodological quality of the articles was assessed using the COnsensus-based Standards for selection of health Measurement INstruments checklist. For each PROM, extracted evidence of content validity, construct validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, proxy reliability, responsiveness, and precision was judged against standardized reference criteria. RESULTS We found no evidence for 14 PROMs. For the remaining 21 PROMs, 90 studies were identified. The methodological quality of most studies was fair. Quality was generally rated higher in more recent studies. Not reporting how missing data were handled was the most common reason for downgrading the quality. None of the 21 PROMs has had all psychometric properties evaluated; data on construct validity and internal consistency were most frequently reported. CONCLUSIONS Overall, consistent positive findings for at least five psychometric properties were found for Child Health and Illness Profile, Healthy Pathways, KIDSCREEN, and Multi-dimensional Student Life Satisfaction Scale. None of the PROMs had been evaluated for responsiveness to detect change in general populations. Further well-designed studies with transparent reporting of methods and results are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Janssens
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
| | - Morwenna Rogers
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Jo Thompson Coon
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Karen Allen
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Colin Green
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Crispin Jenkinson
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alan Tennant
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Stuart Logan
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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Villalonga-Olives E, Kawachi I, Almansa J, Witte C, Lange B, Kiese-Himmel C, von Steinbüchel N. Pediatric health-related quality of life: a structural equation modeling approach. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113166. [PMID: 25415751 PMCID: PMC4240546 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives One of the most referenced theoretical frameworks to measure Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) is the Wilson and Cleary framework. With some adaptions this framework has been validated in the adult population, but has not been tested in pediatric populations. Our goal was to empirically investigate it in children. Methods The contributory factors to Health Related Quality of Life that we included were symptom status (presence of chronic disease or hospitalizations), functional status (developmental status), developmental aspects of the individual (social-emotional) behavior, and characteristics of the social environment (socioeconomic status and area of education). Structural equation modeling was used to assess the measurement structure of the model in 214 German children (3–5 years old) participating in a follow-up study that investigates pediatric health outcomes. Results Model fit was χ2 = 5.5; df = 6; p = 0.48; SRMR = 0.01. The variance explained of Health Related Quality of Life was 15%. Health Related Quality of Life was affected by the area education (i.e. where kindergartens were located) and development status. Developmental status was affected by the area of education, socioeconomic status and individual behavior. Symptoms did not affect the model. Conclusions The goodness of fit and the overall variance explained were good. However, the results between children' and adults' tests differed and denote a conceptual gap between adult and children measures. Indeed, there is a lot of variety in pediatric Health Related Quality of Life measures, which represents a lack of a common definition of pediatric Health Related Quality of Life. We recommend that researchers invest time in the development of pediatric Health Related Quality of Life theory and theory based evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Villalonga-Olives
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Josué Almansa
- Department of Health Sciences, Community and Occupational Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Claudia Witte
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Lange
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christiane Kiese-Himmel
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nicole von Steinbüchel
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Gandhi PK, Thompson LA, Tuli SY, Revicki DA, Shenkman E, Huang IC. Developing item banks for measuring pediatric generic health-related quality of life: an application of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health for Children and Youth and item response theory. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107771. [PMID: 25268926 PMCID: PMC4182329 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop item banks by linking items from three pediatric health-related quality of life (HRQoL) instruments using a mixed methodology. Secondary data were collected from 469 parents of children aged 8-16 years. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health-Children and Youth (ICF-CY) served as a framework to compare the concepts of items from three HRQoL instruments. The structural validity of the individual domains was examined using confirmatory factor analyses. Samejima's Graded Response Model was used to calibrate items from different instruments. The known-groups validity of each domain was examined using the status of children with special health care needs (CSHCN). Concepts represented by the items in the three instruments were linked to 24 different second-level categories of the ICF-CY. Eight item banks representing eight unidimensional domains were created based on the linkage of the concepts measured by the items of the three instruments to the ICF-CY. The HRQoL results of CSHCN in seven out of eight domains (except personality) were significantly lower compared with children without special health care needs (p<0.05). This study demonstrates a useful approach to compare the item concepts from the three instruments and to generate item banks for a pediatric population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranav K. Gandhi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, South College, Knoxville, TN, United States of America
| | - Lindsay A. Thompson
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Sanjeev Y. Tuli
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | | | - Elizabeth Shenkman
- Department of Health Outcomes and Policy, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States of America
| | - I-Chan Huang
- Department of Health Outcomes and Policy, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Messinger AM, Fry DA, Rickert VI, Catallozzi M, Davidson LL. Extending Johnson's intimate partner violence typology: lessons from an adolescent sample. Violence Against Women 2014; 20:948-71. [PMID: 25125494 DOI: 10.1177/1077801214546907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Johnson's intimate partner violence (IPV) typology-categorizing IPV by both use and receipt of physical violence and controlling behaviors-effectively predicts IPV consequences among adults. His typology has not yet been applied to adolescents, an important population for early IPV intervention. Therefore, in analyzing IPV covariates among 493 female urban high school students, we used as key predictors both Johnson's original typology and, for enhanced clarity, a relationship-level extension. Preliminary evidence suggests that the pattern of adolescent IPV differs substantially from that of adult IPV and that a relationship-level typology provided additional clarity in categorizing this pattern.
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Inocente CO, Gustin MP, Lavault S, Guignard-Perret A, Raoux A, Christol N, Gerard D, Dauvilliers Y, Reimão R, Bat-Pitault F, Lin JS, Arnulf I, Lecendreux M, Franco P. Quality of life in children with narcolepsy. CNS Neurosci Ther 2014; 20:763-71. [PMID: 24922610 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Revised: 04/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the health-related quality of life (HRQL) and its correlates in children and adolescents with narcolepsy. METHODS We compared the clinical characteristics of control subjects and patients with primary narcolepsy from data collected at the National Reference Centers for Narcolepsy. RESULTS The cohort included 69 control subjects (29 boys) and 117 patients (65 boys; 59 de novo patients). Cataplexy was present in 81% and DQB1*0602 was positive in 91%. The control children were older (13.5±3.2 vs. 11.6±3.1 years, P<0.001) and less obese (1.4% vs. 60%, P<0.001). Twenty-five percent of the patients and 15.6% of the control subjects had clinically significant depressive feelings on Children's Depression Inventory (CDI≥16) (NS). Fifty-three narcoleptic and 43 control adolescents, 31 narcoleptic children and 23 control children filled out the HRQL questionnaires as well as 83 parents of patients and 60 parents of control subjects. Narcolepsy seriously impacts HRQL in terms of vitality, physical well-being, relations with friends and leisure activities, especially in adolescents. Depression was the factor that most affected HRQL in both narcoleptic and control subjects. For the control subjects and the narcoleptic patients, when the CDI score was entered into the multivariable regression model adjusted for gender and age, no other continuous independent variable could significantly increase the likelihood of the model. When the CDI score increased by 1, the mean HRQL score decreased by 1.7 for narcoleptic patients and 1.5 for control subjects. Apnea-hypopnoea index, diagnosis delay, disease duration, obesity, the presence of cataplexy or treatment had no effects on HRQL. CONCLUSIONS Narcoleptic children and adolescents were at high risk for poor HRQL. Depressive symptoms had a major impact on HRQL. We recommend a more thorough assessment and management of psychological health in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara O Inocente
- Integrative Physiology of Brain Arousal System, CRNL, INSERM-U1028, CNRS UMR5292, University Lyon1, Lyon, France
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Morris C, Janssens A, Allard A, Thompson Coon J, Shilling V, Tomlinson R, Williams J, Fellowes A, Rogers M, Allen K, Beresford B, Green C, Jenkinson C, Tennant A, Logan S. Informing the NHS Outcomes Framework: evaluating meaningful health outcomes for children with neurodisability using multiple methods including systematic review, qualitative research, Delphi survey and consensus meeting. HEALTH SERVICES AND DELIVERY RESEARCH 2014. [DOI: 10.3310/hsdr02150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe identification of suitable outcome measures will improve the evaluation of integrated NHS care for the large number of children affected by neurodisability, and has the potential to encourage the provision of more appropriate and effective health care. This research sought to appraise the potential of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for children and young people with neurodisability.AimThis research aimed (i) to identify key outcomes of health care for children with neurodisability, beyond morbidity and mortality, from the perspectives of children, parents and professionals; (ii) to critically appraise existing generic multidimensional PROMs; and (iii) to examine whether or not the key outcomes might be measured by existing PROMs. We also sought agreement on a definition of neurodisability.MethodsData were gathered in three main ways, (i) a systematic review identified eligible generic multidimensional PROMs and peer-reviewed studies evaluating psychometric performance using English-language questionnaires. Studies were appraised for methodological quality and psychometric performance was appraised using standard criteria. (ii) Focus groups and interviews with children and young people with neurodisability, and separately with parents, sought to identify important outcomes of NHS care, and their feedback on example PROM questionnaires. (iii) An online Delphi survey was conducted with a multidisciplinary sample of health professionals to seek agreement on appropriate NHS outcomes. In addition, we convened a consensus meeting with a small nominal group of young people, parents and professionals; the group sought agreement on a core set of important health outcomes.ResultsFrom the systematic review, we identified 126 papers that reported eligible evidence regarding the psychometric performance of 25 PROMs. Evidence of psychometric robustness was more favourable for a small number of PROMs: KIDSCREEN (generic), DISABKIDS (chronic-generic) and Child Health Utility 9D (preference-based measure). The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory and KINDL offer both self-report and a proxy report version for a range of age bands, but evidence of their psychometric performance was weaker. Evidence was lacking in one or more respects for all candidate PROMs, in both general populations and those with neurodisability. Proxy reporting was found generally to be poorly correlated with self-report. Focus groups and interviews included 54 children and young people, and 53 parents. The more important health outcomes were felt to be communication, emotional well-being, pain, mobility, independence/self-care, worry/mental health, social activities and sleep. In addition, parents of children with intellectual impairment identified behaviour, toileting and safety as important outcomes. Participants suggested problems with the face validity of example PROM questionnaires for measuring NHS care. In the Delphi survey, 276 clinicians from a wide range of professions contributed to at least one of four rounds. Professionals rated pain, hearing, seeing, sleep, toileting, mobility and communication as key goals for the NHS but also identified treating neurological symptoms as important. Professionals in the Delphi survey and parents working with the research team agreed a proposed definition for neurodisability. The consensus meeting confirmed overlap between the outcomes identified as important by young people, parents and professionals, but not complete agreement.ConclusionsThere was agreement between young people, parents and professionals regarding a core suite of more important health outcomes: communication, emotional well-being, pain, mobility, independence/self-care, worry/mental health, social activities and sleep. In addition, behaviour, toileting and safety were identified as important by parents. This research suggests that it would be appropriate to measure these constructs using PROMs to assess health care. None of the candidate PROMs in the review adequately captures all of the identified constructs, and there is inadequate evidence that candidate PROMs are psychometrically robust for use across children with neurodisability. Further consultation with young people, families and professionals is warranted to support the use of PROMs to measure NHS outcomes. Research to test potential PROMs with different age groups and conditions would be valuable.FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Health Services and Delivery Research programme.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Astrid Janssens
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Amanda Allard
- Council for Disabled Children, National Children’s Bureau, London, UK
| | | | - Valerie Shilling
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Richard Tomlinson
- Department of Child Health, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Jane Williams
- Department of Child Health and Paediatrics, Nottingham Children’s Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Andrew Fellowes
- Council for Disabled Children, National Children’s Bureau, London, UK
| | - Morwenna Rogers
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Karen Allen
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | | | - Colin Green
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | | | - Alan Tennant
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Stuart Logan
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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Sibinga EM, Perry-Parrish C, Thorpe K, Mika M, Ellen JM. A Small Mixed-Method RCT of Mindfulness Instruction For Urban Youth. Explore (NY) 2014; 10:180-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2014.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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