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Hofpeter K, Zehnder M, Hülsmann M, Al-Jadaa A, Deari S. Precision-milled simulated curved root canals in bovine dentine for the assessment of chemo-mechanical root canal preparation. Int Endod J 2024; 57:78-86. [PMID: 37840198 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim was to develop a standardized curved root canal model in bovine dentine and to assess whether that natural substrate would behave differently from the resin in standard plastic training blocks when prepared chemo-mechanically. The impact of substrate microhardness on simulated canal transportation was considered. METHODOLOGY High-precision computer numerical control (CNC) milling was used to recreate a simulated root canal from a resin training block (Endo Training Bloc J-Shape, size 15) in longitudinally sectioned, dis- and re-assembled bovine incisor roots. Optical overlays obtained from 10 resin blocks were used to identify an average canal and program the CNC milling apparatus accordingly. Resin and dentine microhardness were measured. Simulated root canals in resin training blocks and their bovine counterparts were then instrumented at 37°C using Reciproc R25 instruments (VDW) with water or 17% EDTA (n = 10). Open-access image processing software was used to superimpose and analyse pre- and postoperative images obtained with a digital microscope. Centering ratios were averaged to indicate canal transportation. The effects of substrate and irrigant on canal transportation were assessed by two-way anova. RESULTS Superimposed images showed that resin blocks under investigation varied considerably in terms of simulated canal length and curvature, whilst the milled canals were highly similar. The microhardness of dentine was more than three times higher than that of the resin. Conversely, canal transportation was considerably greater in dentine compared to resin, and in dentine had a tendency to be increased by EDTA. There was a strong effect of substrate on canal transportation (p < .001), no overall effect of irrigant, and a marginally significant interaction between irrigant and substrate (p = .077). CONCLUSIONS CNC milling allows to create standardized simulated curved root canals in bovine dentine. These models may be useful to test and compare materials and concepts of chemo-mechanical root canal instrumentation. Microhardness is a bulk feature that does not predict the response to chemo-mechanical instrumentation of a composite material such as dentine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Hofpeter
- Division of Endodontology, Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Zehnder
- Division of Endodontology, Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Hülsmann
- Division of Endodontology, Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anas Al-Jadaa
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shengjile Deari
- Division of Endodontology, Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Bhattacharjee A, Singh RK, Patil RK, Chandra S, Singhai A, Singh US, Ansari AA, Khanna R. Comparative assessment of cleaning efficacy of two exclusive paediatric rotary files in root canals of primary teeth: An in vitro study. Int J Paediatr Dent 2023. [PMID: 38124259 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.13148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paediatric rotary file systems have recently been developed for primary teeth use. AIM To study the cleaning efficacies of two paediatric rotary endodontic files, the Prime PedoTM , and the Kedo-SG BlueTM against the standard H files. DESIGN This in vitro study included 54 freshly extracted primary molars, which were randomised into three groups (n = 18 each) and were prepared using either Kedo-SG BlueTM , Prime PedoTM or hand H files after injecting methylene blue dye into the canals. Pre- and post-operative cone beam computerised tomography (CBCT) was performed to assess change in root canal volumes. Methylene blue dye removal from canals was assessed using stereomicroscopy, and canal cleanliness was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). RESULTS Both Prime PedoTM and Kedo-SG BlueTM files reduced significantly less dentine when compared with conventional hand filing with Prime PedoTM removing the least amount of dentine. No significant difference was found in median SEM scores among the groups in the cervical, middle and apical thirds of the roots. Stereomicroscopic assessment of root canal cleanliness using dye removal technique shows a statistically significant difference existing between Kedo-SG BlueTM and hand H files groups. CONCLUSION Prime PedoTM removed the least amount of dentine. Kedo-SG BlueTM performed significantly better than conventional hand filing with H files when the root canal cleanliness was assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhisek Bhattacharjee
- Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajeev Kumar Singh
- Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ranjit Kumar Patil
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shaleen Chandra
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Atin Singhai
- Department of Pathology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Uma Shankar Singh
- Department of Pathology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Afroz Alam Ansari
- Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Richa Khanna
- Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Madytianos B, Liu E, Marshall A, Mahony E, Liu K, Manogaran J, Liu HH, Parashos P, Evans M. A critical evaluation of physical and manufacturing properties of genuine and counterfeit rotary nickel-titanium endodontic instruments. Aust Dent J 2023; 68:179-185. [PMID: 37337920 DOI: 10.1111/adj.12964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rotary nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments are made to exacting standards and are costly to manufacture, and quality control is paramount. Consequently, unauthorized factories make counterfeit instruments that are less expensive and may therefore be attractive to dentists. Little information exists about the metallurgy and manufacturing quality of such instruments. There is the potential for counterfeit instruments to be at higher risk of fracture during treatment, thereby compromising clinical outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate physical and manufacturing properties of genuine and counterfeit ProTaper Next™ and Mtwo® rotary NiTi instruments. METHODS This study investigated the metallurgical properties, manufacturing quality, microhardness and number of cycles to failure of two commonly used rotary NiTi systems and compared them with counterfeit products purporting to be genuine articles. RESULTS Counterfeit instruments were found to be inferior in manufacturing standards and were less resistant to cyclic fatigue when compared to genuine instruments. CONCLUSIONS Counterfeit rotary NiTi instruments may be less efficient at preparing root canals and may be at higher risk of fracture during endodontic treatment. Dentists must be aware that, although less expensive, counterfeit instruments may be of dubious manufacturing quality and at higher risk of fracture if used in patients. © 2023 Australian Dental Association.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Madytianos
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - E Liu
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A Marshall
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - E Mahony
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - K Liu
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J Manogaran
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - H H Liu
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - P Parashos
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - M Evans
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Wang L, Li W, Yoo YJ, Chung SH, Oh S, Perinpanayagam H, Kum KY, Gu Y. Root canals shaped by nickel-titanium instrumentation with automated computerized numerical control systems. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:482. [PMID: 34583658 PMCID: PMC8480065 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01841-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate the efficacy of a nickel-titanium (NiTi) file with an automated computerized numerical control (CNC) system for root canal shaping.
Methods The movement of the automated device and the insertion angle were investigated. In Experiment 1, simulated resin root canals were randomly divided into four groups (n = 20): manual downward movement using a handpiece (Group 1), vertical downward movement by CNC (Group 2), reciprocating up and down movement by CNC (Group 3), and spiral up and down movement by CNC (Group 4). In Experiment 2, five different insertion angles of the NiTi file were evaluated (n = 20). Four parameters were used to evaluate the shaping ability: change in the working length, central axis offset, curvature variation, and preparation time. Groups were compared using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with significance was set at P < 0.05. Results The change in central axis position in the curved part of the root canal was found to be smaller in Group 4 than in other groups (P < 0.05). The curvature changes and preparation time of Groups 1 and 4 were significantly reduced compared with Groups 2 and 3 (P < 0.05). The variation in working length and curvature in the 5° insertion angle group was significantly smaller than in the other groups (P < 0.05). Conclusions A spiral up and down movement, controlled by the CNC machine, and 5° insertion angle, maintained original root canal shape more precisely than other methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, Ministry of Education, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxiang Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, Ministry of Education, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yeon-Jee Yoo
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, National Dental Care Center for Persons with Special Needs , Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Hye Chung
- Department of Dental Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Soram Oh
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital, Kyung Hee University School of Dentistry, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hiran Perinpanayagam
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Kee-Yeon Kum
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, National Dental Care Center for Persons with Special Needs , Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Gu
- Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No. 44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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Chai G, Guo Z, Wang Y, Li Y, Wang J, Zhang L, Sun Y, Yang C, Xia D, Shi T. Effect of flushing temperature on preparation ability of rotary nickel-titanium files. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2021; 19:22808000211014724. [PMID: 34210203 DOI: 10.1177/22808000211014724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The effect of flushing at different temperatures on the preparation ability of rotary nickel-titanium files was investigated to provide guideline for clinical application. METHODS Sixty ProTaper Universal F1 rotary nickel-titanium files were randomly divided into three groups treated by flushing at 6°C, 23°C, and 40°C. Root canal preparation was conducted by step-by-step method on standardized nickel-titanium instrument fracture models. During preparation, the thrust force was set as 10 N, and water was continuously flushed. The motor speed was 350 rpm (rounds per minute), and the torque was 3.0 N cm. When the set torque was reached, the motor automatically rotated in the reverse direction and was pulled out. RESULTS Root canal preparation was performed using ProTaper Universal F1 rotary nickel-titanium files treated by flushing. The numbers of rotations before the device was fracture were 429.33 ± 214.68, 821.92 ± 410.43, and 1304.92 ± 297.81, respectively. When each root canal was completed, the numbers of instrument rotations were 272.15 ± 88.30, 188.85 ± 34.36, and 163.41 ± 16.18, respectively. Rank sum test and analysis of variance were performed by IBM SPSS Statistics v21.0 software, and both of them were p < 0.01, indicating that the number of cycles to failure (NCF) and the number of instrument rotations for each root tube were statistically different at the three temperatures. CONCLUSIONS The self-made resin-simulated curved root canal can replace the real root canal to complete the root canal preparation experiment. The group of nickel-titanium files treated by flushing at 23°C can prepare more root canals and prolong the life of nickel-titanium files than at 6°C. When flushing was done at 40°C, the number of root canals prepared by nickel-titanium files was the highest, and it was not easy to damage the instrument, but lateral perforation occurred easily during root canal preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangquan Chai
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyan Guo
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingdi Wang
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfeng Li
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yidan Sun
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chunhao Yang
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Xia
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Shi
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Gomaa MA, Osama M, Badr AE. Shaping ability of three thermally treated nickel-titanium systems in S-shaped canals. AUST ENDOD J 2021; 47:435-441. [PMID: 33660339 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the shaping ability of ProTaper Next (PTN), HyFlex EDM (HEDM) and One Curve (OC) systems manufactured via different thermal treatment methods in simulated S-shaped canals. Sixty S-shaped canals in clear resin blocks were enlarged to a final apical size of 25 using PTN, HEDM and OC instruments (n = 20 canals/group). Composite images were obtained by superimposing pre- and post-preparation images. The amount of removed resin was measured perpendicularly to the canal surface in 22 points. Prepared canal width and canal transportation at different levels were determined. Canal aberrations were also recorded. Data were statistically analysed using analysis of variance, the Kruskal-Wallis and the chi-square tests at a 0.05 significance level. OC produced the most conservative enlargement and better maintained particularly the apical curvature of the S-shaped canals than HEDM and PTN. OC and HEDM better maintained the canal terminus and coronal curvature than PTN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Gomaa
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Osama
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Amany E Badr
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Htun PH, Ebihara A, Maki K, Kimura S, Nishijo M, Kyaw MS, Okiji T. Comparison of Torque, Screw-in Force, and Shaping Ability of Glide Path Instruments in Continuous Rotation and Optimum Glide Path Motion. J Endod 2020; 47:94-99. [PMID: 33002538 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to analyze torque/force generation and transportation in double-curved canals instrumented with 3 types of glide path files using optimum glide path (OGP) motion in comparison with continuous rotation. METHODS Sixty simulated double-curved canals were prepared with #10/0.05 or #15/0.03 HyFlex EDM Glidepath files (Coltene/Whaledent, Altstätten, Switzerland) or a #13/0.04 prototype MANI Glidepath file (Tochigi, Japan) using OGP motion or continuous rotation (n = 10 each). Canals were sequentially prepared to 20 mm and 22 mm (full working length) using automated root canal instrumentation and a torque/force analyzing device. Transportation was calculated at 1-9 mm from the apex. Data were compared using 2-way analysis of variance followed by a post hoc simple main effect test with Bonferroni correction and a Kruskal-Wallis test (α = 5%). RESULTS All #10/0.05 instruments fractured. In the 22-mm preparation, the OGP motion resulted in lower clockwise torque and screw-in force than did continuous rotation (P < .05). In the 20-mm preparation, #15/0.03 instruments recorded a lower screw-in force for OGP motion than for continuous rotation (P < .05). Comparing the 2 preparation phases, OGP motion generated no significant differences; however, continuous rotation developed higher clockwise torque and screw-in force in the 22-mm preparation than in the 20-mm preparation (P < .05). There was no significant difference among the tested groups for transportation values. CONCLUSIONS Compared with continuous rotation, OGP motion generated less screw-in force, lower clockwise torque, and similar transportation. The #15/0.03 HyFlex EDM instrument and the #13/0.04 prototype MANI instrument performed similarly well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pyae Hein Htun
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Arata Ebihara
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Keiichiro Maki
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kimura
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miki Nishijo
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Moe Sandar Kyaw
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Okiji
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
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Chauhan A, Saini S, Dua P, Mangla R. Rotary Endodontics in Pediatric Dentistry: Embracing the New Alternative. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020; 12:460-463. [PMID: 32440054 PMCID: PMC7229372 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulpectomy is one of the most important procedures in maintaining the necrotic primary teeth until physiologic exfoliation. In clinical practice, time efficacy is invaluable, especially in pediatric endodontics, where unpredictability and difficulty of root canal morphology adds to a clinician's challenge. The success of a pulpectomy procedure mainly depends upon the biomechanical preparation of the root canal systems. With the advent of NiTi rotary files, adult endodontic procedures have been rendered easy, but its popularity in pedodontic practice is limited. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to review the use of NiTi rotary files for root canal instrumentation in primary teeth. How to cite this article Chauhan A, Saini S, Dua P, et al. Rotary Endodontics in Pediatric Dentistry: Embracing the New Alternative. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2019;12(5):460-463.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Chauhan
- Department of Paedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Himachal Institute of Dental Sciences, Sirmour, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Sheeba Saini
- Department of Paedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Himachal Institute of Dental Sciences, Sirmour, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Parminder Dua
- Department of Paedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Himachal Institute of Dental Sciences, Sirmour, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Ritu Mangla
- Department of Paedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Himachal Institute of Dental Sciences, Sirmour, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Evaluation of Pressure Distribution against Root Canal Walls of NiTi Rotary Instruments by Finite Element Analysis. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10082981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the contact pressure distribution of two different nickel-titanium (NiTi) endodontic rotary instruments against the root canal walls and to virtually predict their centering ability during shaping with finite element analysis (FEA). Resin blocks simulating root canals were used. One was shaped with ProGlider and ProTaper Next (PTN) X1-X2 and one with ScoutRace and BioRace (BR) 1, 2 and 3. Both resin blocks were virtually replicated with computer-aided design (CAD) software. The endodontic instruments ProTaper Next (PTN) X2 and BioRace BR3 were also replicated with CAD. The NiTi instruments and the shaped blocks geometries were discretized and exported for FEA. The instrument rotation in the root canals was simulated. The finite element simulation was performed by applying an insertion and extraction force of 2.5 N with a constant rotational speed (300 rpm). To highlight possible differences between pressure distributions against the root canal portions outside and inside the canal curvature, the parameter Var was originally defined. Var values were systematically lower for PTN X2, revealing a better centering ability. FEA proved effective for the virtual prediction of the centering ability of NiTi instruments during an early design phase without the use of prototypes.
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Impact of new cross-sectional designs on the shaping ability of rotary NiTi instruments in S-shaped canals. Odontology 2019; 108:174-179. [PMID: 31446499 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-019-00450-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim was to compare the shaping ability of different rotary nickel-titanium instruments in simulated S-shaped canals. One hundred S-shaped canals in resin blocks were prepared to an apical size 25 using F6 SkyTaper (Komet), Silk Files .04, Silk Files .06, Prototypes .04, and Prototypes .06 (all Mani) (20 canals/group). Material removal was measured at 20 measuring points, beginning 1 mm from the endpoint of preparation. Incidence of canal aberrations, preparation time, and instrument failures were also recorded. Statistical analyses were performed using ANOVA, Student-Newman-Keuls and Chi-square test. Pooled data of all measuring points revealed that canals instrumented with Prototypes .04 were significantly better centered than those prepared with all other instruments, while Prototypes .06 and both Silk Files performed significantly better than F6 SkyTaper (p < 0.05). The preparation time differed significantly between all groups and Prototypes .04 allowed the fastest preparation (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant association between type of instrument and incidence of aberrations (p > 0.05). The cross-sectional design had a marked impact on the shaping ability of the instruments, and less tapered instruments maintained the original canal curvature better than instruments having greater tapers.
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Jeevanandan G, Thomas E. Volumetric analysis of hand, reciprocating and rotary instrumentation techniques in primary molars using spiral computed tomography: An in vitro comparative study. Eur J Dent 2018; 12:21-26. [PMID: 29657521 PMCID: PMC5883471 DOI: 10.4103/ejd.ejd_247_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This present study was conducted to analyze the volumetric change in the root canal space and instrumentation time between hand files, hand files in reciprocating motion, and three rotary files in primary molars. Materials and Methods: One hundred primary mandibular molars were randomly allotted to one of the five groups. Instrumentation was done using Group I; nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) hand file, Group II; Ni-Ti hand files in reciprocating motion, Group III; Race rotary files, Group IV; prodesign pediatric rotary files, and Group V; ProTaper rotary files. The mean volumetric changes were assessed using pre- and post-operative spiral computed tomography scans. Instrumentation time was recorded. Statistical analysis to access intergroup comparison for mean canal volume and instrumentation time was done using Bonferroni-adjusted Mann–Whitney test and Mann–Whitney test, respectively. Results: Intergroup comparison of mean canal volume showed statistically significant difference between Groups II versus IV, Groups III versus V, and Groups IV versus V. Intergroup comparison of mean instrumentation time showed statistically significant difference among all the groups except Groups IV versus V. Conclusion: Among the various instrumentation techniques available, rotary instrumentation is the considered to be the better instrumentation technique for canal preparation in primary teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Jeevanandan
- Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Eapen Thomas
- Department of Paedodontia, Dr. Sunny Medical Centre, Sharjah, UAE
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Andrade-Junior CV, Neto ND, Rodrigues RCV, Antunes HDS, Porpino MTM, Carvalhal JCA, Armada L. Transportation Assessment in Simulated Curved Canals after preparation with Twisted File Adaptive and BT-Race instruments. J Clin Exp Dent 2017; 9:e1136-e1140. [PMID: 29075417 PMCID: PMC5650217 DOI: 10.4317/jced.54220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study compared the incidence of deviation along curved canals after preparation with two nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary systems, Twisted File Adaptive and BT-RaCe. Material and Methods Forty resin training blocks with curved canals were filled with ink and divided into two groups according to the instrumentation technique. Preinstrumentation images were acquired by using a stereomicroscope. The canals were up to an instrument #35/0.04. Postinstrumentation images were captured using the same conditions, and the images were superimposed. The amount of resin removed was measured at 8 different points, beginning at the apical terminus of the canal. Differences in the mesial and distal aspects were measured to evaluate the occurrence of deviation. The Student’s-t test was used for comparison of the intragroup deviation. Intergroup analysis was performed by using one-way ANOVA for each level. For multiple comparisons, the Bonferroni test was used and a cutoff for significance was set at 5%. Results Intragroup analysis showed that both instrumentation techniques promoted some deviation at all levels. BT-RaCe showed significantly lower deviation at 0 and 4-mm levels than Group Twisted File Adaptive (p<0.05). On the other hand BT-RaCe showed worse performance at level 6. Conclusions The results of this study demonstrated that none of the NiTi tested systems was able to instrument curved canals simulated in resin blocks without some deviation during the preparation. There is still need for improvement in the instruments manufacturing aiming the better performance of endodontic files in curved root canals. Key words:BT-RaCe, Curved root canals, Deviation, Twisted File Adaptive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos-Vieira Andrade-Junior
- PhD, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Estácio de Sá University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,PhD, Department of Health, Dentistry Division, Southwest State University of Bahia, Jequié,BA, Brazil
| | - Nilton-Dessaune Neto
- PhD, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Estácio de Sá University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Renata-Costa-Val Rodrigues
- PhD, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Estácio de Sá University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | - Júlio-Cesar A Carvalhal
- PhD, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Estácio de Sá University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luciana Armada
- PhD, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Estácio de Sá University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Jakupovic S, Konjhodzic A, Brankovic LH, Korac S, Tahmiscija I, Dzankovic A, Glamoc AG. Canal Aberration Assessment in Simulated Root Canals: a Comparative Study. Med Arch 2017; 71:204-207. [PMID: 28974834 PMCID: PMC5585789 DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2017.71.204-207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to compare time of preparation and canal aberrations in a simulated root canals after using three different rotary systems: Endostar E5, Endostar E3 and T One File Gold. Materials and Methods: A total of 90 endodontic training blocks were used in this study and divided into three groups consisting of 30 each (n = 30). Blocks processing was performed by thirty dentists without any prior experience in rotary instrumentation techniques. In the first group blocks were prepared using Endostar E5, in second one with Endostar E3 and in third one with T One File Gold system. The preparation time was measured. The postoperative image of each block was taken by stereomicroscope and canal aberrations (ledge and instrument fracture) was recorded. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS software. Results: Instrumentation with T One File Gold system is significantly faster compared to instrumentation with Endostar E5 and Endostar E3 systems (p <0.05). There are no statistically significant differences in the type and number of procedural errors between Endostar E5, Endostar E3 and T One File Gold systems when the operators have no previous experience in rotary instrumentation techniques. Conclusion: Under the conditions of this study, the incidence of examined canal aberrations were similar for all tested systems. The preparation time was significantly shorter with single file system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Jakupovic
- Department of Restorative Dentistry with Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Alma Konjhodzic
- Department of Restorative Dentistry with Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Lajla Hasic Brankovic
- Department of Restorative Dentistry with Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Samra Korac
- Department of Restorative Dentistry with Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Irmina Tahmiscija
- Department of Restorative Dentistry with Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Aida Dzankovic
- Department of Restorative Dentistry with Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Alma Gavranovic Glamoc
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Alrahabi M. Shaping ability of several nickel–titanium systems in double-curved simulated canals. GIORNALE ITALIANO DI ENDODONZIA 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gien.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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15
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Yilmaz A, Kucukay ES, Istektepe M, Sisli SN, Ersev H, Karagoz-Kucukay I. Comparison of the Shaping Ability of WaveOne Reciprocating Files with or without Glide Path in Simulated Curved S-shaped Root Canals. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2017; 7:S13-S17. [PMID: 28713762 PMCID: PMC5502546 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_32_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim was to compare the shaping ability of WaveOne reciprocating files with or without glide path in simulated curved S-shaped root canals. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty ISO #15, 0.02 taper, clear resin Endo Training Bloc-S blocks were studied. The simulated curved S-shaped canals were dyed using ink, preinstrumentation images were scanned, and resin blocks were prepared and divided into Group A: PathFile and WaveOne and Group B: WaveOne. All canals were postoperatively scanned. Pre- and postoperative images were superimposed and evaluated at 12 defined measuring points. The efficacy of the systems was compared based on the amount and direction of canal transportation, centering ability, amount of material removed, and presence of canal aberrations. Mann-Whitney U-test and independent t-test were used for statistical comparison. RESULTS Both systems produced transportation at all levels and straightened the curved S-shaped canals. No significant differences in the amount and direction of transportation and amount of material removed were observed between the groups at each level (P > 0.05). However, Group A had significantly greater centering ability at the coronal straight zone (P = 0.018) and apical curvature (P = 0.014) levels than did Group B. Moreover, Group B showed more canal aberrations than did Group A. CONCLUSION Within the limitations of the present study, the creation of a glide path with the PathFile system improved the centering ability of the WaveOne reciprocating file in the apical and straight coronal portions of the simulated curved S-shaped root canals and reduced the incidence of canal aberrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayca Yilmaz
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | - Selen Nihal Sisli
- Department of Endodontics, Baskent University, Adana Teaching and Research Center, Adana, Turkey
| | - Handan Ersev
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Isil Karagoz-Kucukay
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Okan University, Istanbul, Turkey
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da Frota MF, Espir CG, Berbert FLCV, Marques AAF, Sponchiado-Junior EC, Tanomaru-Filho M, Garcia LFR, Bonetti-Filho I. Comparison of cyclic fatigue and torsional resistance in reciprocating single-file systems and continuous rotary instrumentation systems. J Oral Sci 2016; 56:269-75. [PMID: 25500924 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.56.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
As compared with continuous rotary systems, reciprocating motion is believed to increase the fatigue resistance of NiTi instruments. We compared the cyclic fatigue and torsional resistance of reciprocating single-file systems and continuous rotary instrumentation systems in simulated root canals. Eighty instruments from the ProTaper Universal, WaveOne, MTwo, and Reciproc systems (n = 20) were submitted to dynamic bending testing in stainless-steel simulated curved canals. Axial displacement of the simulated canals was performed with half of the instruments (n = 10), with back-and-forth movements in a range of 1.5 mm. Time until fracture was recorded, and the number of cycles until instrument fracture was calculated. Cyclic fatigue resistance was greater for reciprocating systems than for rotary systems (P < 0.05). Instruments from the Reciproc and WaveOne systems significantly differed only when axial displacement occurred (P < 0.05). Instruments of the ProTaper Universal and MTwo systems did not significantly differ (P > 0.05). Cyclic fatigue and torsional resistance were greater for reciprocating systems than for continuous rotary systems, irrespective of axial displacement.
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17
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Hiran-us S, Pimkhaokham S, Sawasdichai J, Ebihara A, Suda H. Shaping ability of ProTaper NEXT, ProTaper Universal and iRace files in simulated S-shaped canals. AUST ENDOD J 2015; 42:32-6. [DOI: 10.1111/aej.12117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sirawut Hiran-us
- Graduate School; Department of Operative Dentistry; Faculty of Dentistry; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
| | - Somsinee Pimkhaokham
- Department of Operative Dentistry; Faculty of Dentistry; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
| | - Jirapat Sawasdichai
- Graduate School; Department of Operative Dentistry; Faculty of Dentistry; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
| | - Arata Ebihara
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics; Division of Oral Health Sciences; Medical and Dental Sciences Track; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU); Tokyo Japan
| | - Hideaki Suda
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics; Division of Oral Health Sciences; Medical and Dental Sciences Track; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU); Tokyo Japan
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Ferrara G, Taschieri S, Corbella S, Ceci C, Del Fabbro M, Machtou P. Comparative evaluation of the shaping ability of two different nickel-titanium rotary files in curved root canals of extracted human molar teeth. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 8. [PMID: 26343421 DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the present study was to compare the shaping ability of two different nickel-titanium rotary files in the curved root canals of extracted human molar teeth. METHODS Thirty root canals of 17 extracted human molars teeth were randomly assigned to two experimental groups (n = 15): ProTaper Next and ProTaper Universal (PTU), on the basis of the rotary files system used. The final size of all apical foramina was 0.25 mm in diameter. Standardized digital radiographs were taken before and after instrumentation in both clinical and proximal views, with a size 10 K-file inserted into the canal for the determination of the angle of curvature and apical transportation. Preparation time and fractured or deformed instruments were also recorded. The unpaired Student's t-test was used to compare results. RESULTS There was no significant difference between the two instruments with respect to canal straightening and apical transportation before and after instrumentation (P > 0.05). The use of both instruments resulted in a significant reduction in the angle of curvature after instrumentation (P < 0.05). Instrumentation time was significantly greater for PTU (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The ProTaper Universal and ProTaper Next systems performed similarly with regard to the straightening of curved root canals and apical transportation. ProTaper Next was significantly faster than ProTaper Universal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Ferrara
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy
| | - Silvio Taschieri
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy
| | - Stefano Corbella
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy
| | - Caterina Ceci
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy
| | - Massimo Del Fabbro
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy
| | - Pierre Machtou
- Université Paris 7 Diderot, Unité de Formation et de Recherche d'odontologie, Paris, France
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Saleh AM, Vakili Gilani P, Tavanafar S, Schäfer E. Shaping Ability of 4 Different Single-file Systems in Simulated S-shaped Canals. J Endod 2015; 41:548-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Deka A, Bhuyan AC, Bhuyan D. A comparative evaluation of root canal area increase using three different nickel-titanium rotary systems: An ex vivo cone-beam computed tomographic analysis. Contemp Clin Dent 2015; 6:79-83. [PMID: 25684917 PMCID: PMC4319351 DOI: 10.4103/0976-237x.149297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The present study was undertaken to compare and evaluate the area increase of root canals with ProTaper, iRaCe and Revo-S systems using cone beam computed tomography for analysis. Materials and Methodology: Forty five extracted human mandibular premolars having single canal and straight root were collected. Teeth were randomly assigned to three groups (n=15). Samples were decoronized by maintaining root length at 14 mm. Pre-instrumentation cone beam computed tomography scan was done after stabilizing the samples on wax blocks. The working length was determined at 1 mm short from the apical foramen by using a ISO 15 K-file tip protruding at apical foramen. Preparation was carried out according to the manufacturer's instructions. Finally, canals were instrumented upto 30/.06 apically for each group. After each instrumentation, root canals were irrigated with 2ml of 3% sodium hypochlorite solution followed by 2 ml of 17% EDTA solution. Final irrigation was done with 5ml of saline. Post instrumentation cone beam computed tomography scans of all samples in the 3 groups were acquired. Results: Mean percentage of area increase in different thirds of the canal was highest for ProTaper followed by i-RaCe and Revo-s system which was statistically significant. Interpretation and Conclusion: Root canal area increase was highest for ProTaper followed by i-Race and Revo-S systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrija Deka
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Regional Dental College and Hospital, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - A C Bhuyan
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Regional Dental College and Hospital, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Darpana Bhuyan
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Regional Dental College and Hospital, Guwahati, Assam, India
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Swarnkar A. A Comparison of Canal-centering ability of Two Nickel-Titanium Rotary Systems with Nickel Hand Instrumentation with Stainless Steel Hand Instrumentation in 10 to 25° Curved Canals using Kuttler's Cube. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2014; 7:157-62. [PMID: 25709293 PMCID: PMC4335104 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The purpose of this study was to compare the canal centering abilities of rotary nickel-titanium (NiTi) files (ProFile 0.04 and 0.06 and Lightspeed LSX) and NiTi hand K-files in 10° to 25° curved canals. This was compared with the canal centering ability of stainless steel hand K-files using Kuttler's endodontic cube. SETTINGS AND DESIGN The teeth with a 10° to 25° of clinical mesiodistal curvature were used for this study. Each tooth was immersed in methylene blue dye for a period of 10 seconds, as recommended by Kuttler. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study sample comprised of 60 intact freshly extracted single rooted human mandibular premolars. The radiographs were traced on a tracing paper and the canal curvature was determined according to methodology introduced by Schneider. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED The statistical package SPSS PC + (Statistical package for social service, Version 4.01) was used for analysis. RESULTS Overall, Lightspeed LSX instruments showed superior canal centering ability and performed better than Profile series, hand NiTi K-files and hand stainless steel K-files. CONCLUSION The endodontic cube can be used as an effective method for analyzing the canal-centering ability of different endodontic instruments. Both the NiTi rotary instruments showed superior canal-centering ability than NiTi and stainless steel hand K-files. How to cite this article: Swarnkar A. A Comparison of Canal-centering ability of Two Nickel-Titanium Rotary Systems with Nickel Hand Instrumentation with Stainless Steel Hand Instrumentation in 10 to 25° Curved Canals using Kuttler's Cube. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2014;7(3):157-162.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupama Swarnkar
- Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Mahatma Gandhi Dental College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
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Dhingra A, Kochar R, Banerjee S, Srivastava P. Comparative evaluation of the canal curvature modifications after instrumentation with One Shape rotary and Wave One reciprocating files. J Conserv Dent 2014; 17:138-41. [PMID: 24778509 PMCID: PMC4001269 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.128049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: This study compared the canal curvature modifications after instrumentation with One Shape (Micro Mega) rotary file and Wave One primary reciprocating file (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland). Materials and Methods: Thirty International Organization for Standardization 15, 0.02 taper, Endo Training Blocks (Dentsply Maillefer) were used. In all specimens working length (WL) was established at the reference point 0. Glide path was achieved with Path-File 1, 2 and 3 (Dentsply Maillefer) at the WL. Group 1 were shaped with One Shape file and group 2 with Wave One files. Pre and post-digital images were superimposed, processed with Corel draw Graphic Suite X5 (Corel Corporation, Ottawa, Canada), Adobe Photoshop CS3 (Adobe Systems Inc., San Jose, CA) and Solid works student Edition software (Dassault Systems Solid Works Corp, S.A., Velizy, France). Results: Mean was more for Wave One compared with One Shape. One-way ANOVA and t-test showed a significant difference between One Shape and Wave One at 5% level of significance (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Canals prepared with Wave One file preserved canal shape, respected the anatomical shape of J-shaped canal and produced a continuously tapered funnel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Dhingra
- Departments of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, D.J College of Dental Sciences & Research, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rohit Kochar
- Departments of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, I.T.S. Dental College, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Satyabrat Banerjee
- Departments of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, D.J College of Dental Sciences & Research, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Punit Srivastava
- Departments of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, D.J College of Dental Sciences & Research, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Bürklein S, Poschmann T, Schäfer E. Shaping ability of different nickel-titanium systems in simulated S-shaped canals with and without glide path. J Endod 2014; 40:1231-4. [PMID: 25069939 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 01/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The objective of this study was to compare the shaping ability of different rotary and reciprocating nickel-titanium file systems with and without previous glide path preparation in simulated S-shaped canals. METHODS One hundred twenty S-shaped canals in resin blocks were prepared to an apical size 25 by using Reciproc, WaveOne, HyflexCM, F360, and OneShape systems either with or without previous glide path preparation (Pathfile) (12 canals/group). Material removal was measured at 20 measuring points, beginning 1 mm from the end point of preparation. Incidence of canal aberrations (zip/elbow, ledge formation), preparation time, and instrument failures were also recorded. Statistical analyses were performed by using analysis of variance and Tukey and χ(2) tests. RESULTS For all systems, glide path preparation exerted no significant effect on preparation times (P > .05). Glide path preparation had no influence on the incidence of canal aberrations and instrument fractures (P > .05), with no significant differences between the 5 systems (P > .05). Glide path preparation had no influence on the centering ability of all systems (P > .05). On average, canals prepared with F360, OneShape, and HyflexCM remained better centered compared with those enlarged with WaveOne and Reciproc. CONCLUSIONS Under the conditions of this study, glide path preparation had no significant impact on canal straightening. Less tapered instruments maintained the original canal curvature better than instruments having greater tapers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Bürklein
- Central Interdisciplinary Ambulance in the School of Dentistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas Poschmann
- Central Interdisciplinary Ambulance in the School of Dentistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Edgar Schäfer
- Central Interdisciplinary Ambulance in the School of Dentistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
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Can EDB, Gerek M, Kayahan MB, Mohsenı K, Sunay H, Bayirli G. Comparision of two different preparation protocol of Ni-Ti Rotary PathFile-ProTaper instruments in simulated s-shaped canals. Acta Odontol Scand 2014; 72:76-80. [PMID: 23796310 DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2013.805430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study is to compare the root canal transportation with the PathFile-ProTaper recommended protocol, PathFile-ProTaper modified protocol and stainless steel K-flexofiles. METHODS Forty-five ISO 15, 0.02 taper S-shaped Endo Training Blocks were divided randomly into three groups of 15 each and prepared as follows: PathFile-Protaper recommended protocol, Pathfile-Protaper modified protocol and manual preparation with K-Flexofiles. The amount of transportation was assessed by scanning the blocks before and after preparation and superimposing the images. The cutting effects of the instruments from the inner and outer aspects of the root canals were measured and statistically analyzed with the One-way Anova test and Tukey HSD test. RESULTS Manual preparation caused significantly more transportation than both PathFile-Protaper systems. There was no significant difference regarding transportation between the two Pathfile-Protaper protocols. CONCLUSION The modified Pathfile-Protaper protocol transported the canal similar to the recommended Pathfile-Protaper protocol. It may be suggested that, while working safety remains unchanged, the shaping procedure and consequently working time can be shortened with fewer instruments. The results of this study can help clinicians to reduce the preparation time with the PathFile-ProTaper rotary system while the preparation quality remains the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elıf Delve Başer Can
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Yeditepe University , Istanbul , Turkey
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D’Amario M, Baldi M, Petricca R, De Angelis F, El Abed R, D’Arcangelo C. Evaluation of a New Nickel-Titanium System to Create the Glide Path in Root Canal Preparation of Curved Canals. J Endod 2013; 39:1581-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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26
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Metzger Z, Solomonov M, Kfir A. The role of mechanical instrumentation in the cleaning of root canals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/etp.12048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Bürklein S, Schäfer E. Critical evaluation of root canal transportation by instrumentation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/etp.12043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Effect of Patency File on Transportation and Curve Straightening in Canal Preparation with ProTaper System. ISRN DENTISTRY 2013; 2013:704027. [PMID: 24159390 PMCID: PMC3789411 DOI: 10.1155/2013/704027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this ex vivo study was to evaluate the effect of using a patency file on apical transportation and curve straightening during canal instrumentation with the ProTaper rotary system. Seventy permanent mandibular first molars with mesiobuccal canals, measuring 18-23 mm in length and with a 25-40° curvature (according to the Schneider method), were selected. The working lengths were determined and the teeth were mounted and divided into two experimental groups: (A) prepared by the ProTaper system without using a patency file (n = 35) and (B) prepared by the ProTaper system using a patency file (n = 35). Radiographs taken before and after the preparation were imported into Photoshop software and the apical transportation, and curve straightening were measured. Data were analyzed using independent t-test. Partial correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between the initial curvature, transportation, and curve straightening (α = 0.05). Using a patency file during canal preparation significantly decreased both apical transportation and curve straightening (P < 0.001). There were significant relationships between the angle of curvature, transportation and curve straightening in pairs (P < 0.001). Apical patency is recommended during root canal preparation with the ProTaper rotary system.
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Leonardi DP, Sydney GB, Tanomaru Filho M, Baratto-Filho F, Baratto SSP, Cerri PS. Performance of RaCe Instrumentation System in Curved Root Canals: A Comprehensive Analysis by Three Study Methods. Braz Dent J 2013; 24:230-4. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201301920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, curved maxillary molar root canals were instrumented with RaCe rotary system to evaluate: 1. the occurrence of canal transportation using a radiographic platform; 2. the action of the instruments on the dentin walls, centering ability and canal enlargement by analysis of digital images; and the percentage of regular dentin surfaces and debris within the canal by histological analysis. Ten mesiobuccal roots of extracted human maxillary molars were embedded in acrylic resin and sectioned at the middle and apical thirds. Root canal shaping was performed using the RaCe rotary system at 250 rpm and 1 Ncm torque. Each instrument set was used five times according to a crown-down technique in the following sequence: 40/0.10, 35/0.08, 25/0.06, 25/0.04, 25/0.02 (working length - WL), 30/0.02 (WL) and 35/0.02 (WL). Each instrument was inserted until resistance was felt and then pulled back, followed by brushing movements towards all canal walls. Each specimen was assessed by three study methods: radiographic platform, digitized image assessment and histological analysis. The radiographic platform showed lack of apical transportation. No statistically significant difference (Wilcoxon test, p>0.05) was found between the middle and apical thirds regarding instrument action on dentin walls, centering ability, area of root canal enlargement, percentage of regular dentin surfaces and debris within the root canal. It may be concluded that RaCe system is a suitable method for the preparation of curved root canals, regarding the maintenance of root canal original path, action on dentin walls, canal enlargement and removal of debris from the root canal lumen.
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Glide Path Preparation in S-shaped Canals with Rotary Pathfinding Nickel-Titanium Instruments. J Endod 2013; 39:534-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2012.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Revised: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 12/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Rocha DGP, Alves VDO, De Martin AS, Fontana CE, Cunha RS, Bueno CEDS. Comparação entre os sistemas rotatórios Pathfile + Protaper Universal e Twisted Files quanto à preservação da morfologia e ao tempo de trabalho despendido na preparação de canais curvos. REVISTA DE ODONTOLOGIA DA UNESP 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s1807-25772013000200006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUÇÃO: Instrumentos rotatórios em níquel-titânio (NiTi) reduzem erros processuais e o tempo requerido para a preparação do canal radicular. OBJETIVO: Comparar dois sistemas de instrumentação rotatória NiTi - Pathfile + ProTaper Universal e Twisted Files - quanto à capacidade de preservação da morfologia do canal e quanto ao tempo de trabalho necessário para a preparação de canais curvos. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Os canais mesiais de 32 molares inferiores humanos (com ângulos de curvatura entre 20 e 40 graus) foram selecionados para o estudo. As amostras foram divididas aleatoriamente em dois grupos de 16 canais. Os preparos foram realizados por um Endodontista, utilizando-se a combinação dos instrumentos rotatórios Pathfile e ProTaper Universal (grupo PT) e os instrumentos rotatórios Twisted Files (grupo TF). Três Endodontistas analisaram imagens com a técnica da dupla radiografia digital, pré e pós-instrumentação, para avaliar se ocorreu transporte apical e/ou aberrações na morfologia dos canais. Por meio de uma análise computadorizada e com o auxílio de magnificação, as imagens inicial e final do canal radicular foram comparadas por meio de sua sobreposição. O teste de odds ratio foi utilizado para a comparação dos níveis de preservação da morfologia do canal, e ANOVA, complementada pelo teste de Tukey, foi utilizada para a comparação dos tempos de preparo. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. RESULTADO: Ocorreram desvios na trajetória do canal em ambos os grupos, mas a diferença entre estes não foi significativa. O tempo de trabalho requerido pela combinação dos sistemas Pathfile + ProTaper Universal foi significativamente maior do que o requerido pelo sistema Twisted Files. CONCLUSÃO: Os dois sistemas apresentaram performances semelhantes em relação à preservação da trajetória do canal; no entanto, o tempo de trabalho requerido pelo sistema Twisted Files foi menor.
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Alves VDO, Bueno CEDS, Cunha RS, Pinheiro SL, Fontana CE, de Martin AS. Comparison among Manual Instruments and PathFile and Mtwo Rotary Instruments to Create a Glide Path in the Root Canal Preparation of Curved Canals. J Endod 2012; 38:117-20. [PMID: 22152634 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2011.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2011] [Revised: 10/11/2011] [Accepted: 10/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Elayouti A, Dima E, Judenhofer MS, Löst C, Pichler BJ. Increased Apical Enlargement Contributes to Excessive Dentin Removal in Curved Root Canals: A Stepwise Microcomputed Tomography Study. J Endod 2011; 37:1580-4. [PMID: 22000468 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2011.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2011] [Revised: 08/15/2011] [Accepted: 08/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Elayouti
- Division of Endodontology, Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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Comparison of Canal Transportation and Changes in Canal Curvature of Two Nickel-Titanium Rotary Instruments. J Endod 2011; 37:1290-2. [PMID: 21846551 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2011.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2011] [Revised: 05/17/2011] [Accepted: 05/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kandaswamy D, Venkateshbabu N, Porkodi I, Pradeep G. Canal-centering ability: An endodontic challenge. J Conserv Dent 2011; 12:3-9. [PMID: 20379433 PMCID: PMC2848810 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.53334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
During instrumentation of the root canal, it is important to develop a continuously tapered form and to maintain the original shape and position of the apical foramen. However, the presence of curvatures may cause difficulty in root canal instrumentation. The ability to keep the instruments centered is essential to provide a correct enlargement, without excessive weakening of the root structure. Several studies have shown that Ni-Ti instruments remain significantly more centered and demonstrated less canal transportation than stainless steel files. Considerable research has been undertaken to understand the several factors related to an instrument's canal-centering ability. In this article, we have discussed the influence of various parameters such as alloys used in the manufacture of instruments, instrument cross-section, taper, and have given tips on canal-centering ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deivanayagam Kandaswamy
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sri Ramachandra Dental College, Porur, Chennai - 600 116, India
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Bürklein S, Hiller C, Huda M, Schäfer E. Shaping ability and cleaning effectiveness of Mtwo versus coated and uncoated EasyShape instruments in severely curved root canals of extracted teeth. Int Endod J 2011; 44:447-57. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2011.01850.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Lopes HP, Britto IM, Elias CN, Machado de Oliveira JC, Neves MA, Moreira EJ, Siqueira JF. Cyclic fatigue resistance of ProTaper Universal instruments when subjected to static and dynamic tests. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 110:401-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2010.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2010] [Revised: 05/11/2010] [Accepted: 05/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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A comparison of the shaping effects of 5 nickel-titanium rotary instruments in simulated S-shaped canals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 109:e86-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2009.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2009] [Accepted: 12/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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da Silva KT, Grazziotin-Soares R, Limongi O, Irala LED, Salles AA. Wear promoted in the apical third of simulated canals after instrumentation with ProTaper universal system. J Appl Oral Sci 2010; 17:501-7. [PMID: 19936533 PMCID: PMC4327681 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-77572009000500027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2008] [Accepted: 08/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the wear in the apical third of simulate canals after preparation with ProTaper Universal Rotary System. MATERIAL AND METHODS 24 sets of instruments were used in 24 simulated canals in transparent epoxy resin blocks with degree of curvature of either 20 degrees or 40 degrees. The canals were photographed preoperatively and after preparation of the apical stop with ProTaper F3, F4 and F5 instruments. The initial and final images were exported to Adobe Photoshop software and superimposed to detect the root canal wall differences (in mm) between them, in two points located 1 (A) and 5 (B) mm from the point where the working length was established. Data were subjected to analysis of variance to verify the existence of interaction among the factors: canal curvature, instrument size and curve location. Significant level was set at 5%. RESULTS Regardless of the location and the canal curvature, F4 and F5 instruments produced the greatest wear (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS There was a deviation from the original pathway towards the outside of the root curvature in both analyzed points. All instruments produced canal transportation, but the F4 and F5 instruments produced more than the other instruments, and should thus be used with care in curved canals.
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Madureira RG, Forner Navarro L, Llena MC, Costa M. Shaping ability of nickel-titanium rotary instruments in simulated S-shaped root canals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 109:e136-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2009.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2009] [Revised: 09/08/2009] [Accepted: 09/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lopes HP, Ferreira AAP, Elias CN, Moreira EJL, de Oliveira JCM, Siqueira JF. Influence of rotational speed on the cyclic fatigue of rotary nickel-titanium endodontic instruments. J Endod 2009; 35:1013-6. [PMID: 19567325 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2009.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2008] [Revised: 04/09/2009] [Accepted: 04/10/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During the preparation of curved canals, rotary nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments are subjected to cyclic fatigue, which can lead to instrument fracture. Although several factors may influence the cyclic fatigue resistance of instruments, the role of the rotational speed remains uncertain. This study was intended to evaluate the effects of rotational speed on the number of cycles to fracture of rotary NiTi instruments. METHODS ProTaper Universal instruments F3 and F4 (Maillefer SA, Ballaigues, Switzerland) were used in an artificial curved canal under rotational speeds of 300 rpm or 600 rpm. The artificial canal was made of stainless steel, with an inner diameter of 1.5 mm, total length of 20 mm, and arc at the end with a curvature radius of 6 mm. The arc length was 9.4 mm and 10.6 mm on the straight part. The number of cycles required to fracture was recorded. Fractured surfaces and the helical shafts of the fractured instruments were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS The results showed approximately a 30% reduction in the observed number of cycles to fracture as rotational speed was increased from 300 to 600 RPM (p < 0.05). The morphology of the fractured surface was always of ductile type, and no plastic deformation was observed on the helical shaft of fractured instruments. CONCLUSIONS The present findings for both F3 and F4 ProTaper instruments revealed that the increase in rotational speed significantly reduced the number of cycles to fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélio P Lopes
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Estácio de Sá University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Vaudt J, Bitter K, Neumann K, Kielbassa AM. Ex vivo study on root canal instrumentation of two rotary nickel-titanium systems in comparison to stainless steel hand instruments. Int Endod J 2009; 42:22-33. [PMID: 19125977 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2008.01489.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate instrumentation time, working safety and the shaping ability of two rotary nickel-titanium (NiTi) systems (Alpha System and ProTaper Universal) in comparison to stainless steel hand instruments. METHODOLOGY A total of 45 mesial root canals of extracted human mandibular molars were selected. On the basis of the degree of curvature the matched teeth were allocated randomly into three groups of 15 teeth each. In group 1 root canals were prepared to size 30 using a standardized manual preparation technique; in group 2 and 3 rotary NiTi instruments were used following the manufacturers' instructions. Instrumentation time and procedural errors were recorded. With the aid of pre- and postoperative radiographs, apical straightening of the canal curvature was determined. Photographs of the coronal, middle and apical cross-sections of the pre- and postoperative canals were taken, and superimposed using a standard software. Based on these composite images the portion of uninstrumented canal walls was evaluated. RESULTS Active instrumentation time of the Alpha System was significantly reduced compared with ProTaper Universal and hand instrumentation (P < 0.05; anova). No instrument fractures occurred in any of the groups. The Alpha System revealed significantly less apical straightening compared with the other instruments (P < 0.05; Mann-Whitney U test). In the apical cross-sections Alpha System resulted in significantly less uninstrumented canal walls compared with stainless steel files (P < 0.05; chi-squared test). CONCLUSION Despite the demonstrated differences between the systems, an apical straightening effect could not be prevented; areas of uninstrumented root canal wall were left in all regions using the various systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Vaudt
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University School of Dental Medicine, CharitéCentrum 3, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Bonaccorso A, Cantatore G, Condorelli GG, Schäfer E, Tripi TR. Shaping ability of four nickel-titanium rotary instruments in simulated S-shaped canals. J Endod 2009; 35:883-6. [PMID: 19482191 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2009.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2009] [Revised: 02/20/2009] [Accepted: 03/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to compare the shaping ability of ProTaper, Mtwo, BioRaCe, and BioRaCe + S-Apex instruments in simulated canals with an S-shaped curvature. METHODS Canal transportation and aberrations were assessed by comparing the preinstrumentation and postinstrumentation images under a stereomicroscope. Analysis of variance and post hoc Student-Newman-Keuls test were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS ProTaper instruments caused more pronounced canal transportation in the apical curvature (P < .01) than all other instruments. The use of ProTaper, Mtwo, and BioRaCe instruments resulted in more canal aberrations compared with BioRaCe + S-Apex (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS NiTi systems including less tapered and more flexible instruments like S-Apex seem to be favorable when preparing S-shaped canals.
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Berutti E, Cantatore G, Castellucci A, Chiandussi G, Pera F, Migliaretti G, Pasqualini D. Use of Nickel-Titanium Rotary PathFile to Create the Glide Path: Comparison With Manual Preflaring in Simulated Root Canals. J Endod 2009; 35:408-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2008.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2008] [Revised: 11/23/2008] [Accepted: 11/28/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Radiographic Investigation of Frequency and Degree of Canal Curvatures in Chinese Mandibular Permanent Incisors. J Endod 2009; 35:175-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2008.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2008] [Revised: 10/22/2008] [Accepted: 10/22/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Zhang L, Luo HX, Zhou XD, Tan H, Huang DM. The Shaping Effect of the Combination of Two Rotary Nickel-Titanium Instruments in Simulated S-Shaped Canals. J Endod 2008; 34:456-8. [PMID: 18358896 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2008.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2007] [Revised: 01/04/2008] [Accepted: 01/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of the Ministry of Education, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Loizides AL, Kakavetsos VD, Tzanetakis GN, Kontakiotis EG, Eliades G. A comparative study of the effects of two nickel-titanium preparation techniques on root canal geometry assessed by microcomputed tomography. J Endod 2008; 33:1455-9. [PMID: 18037058 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2007.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2007] [Revised: 06/22/2007] [Accepted: 07/15/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted with the aim of evaluating and comparing the effects of a new Hero group (Endoflare, Hero-shaper, and Hero-apical; Micro-Mega, Besancon, France) and Protaper Ni-Ti rotary instruments (Dentsply/Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) on root canal geometry in extracted human teeth using microcomputed tomography (muCT). Twenty-two mesial root canals of mandibular first molars were randomly divided into two groups. Canals were scanned before and after preparation with both systems. Cross-sectional images of each canal were obtained at 2-mm intervals. Differences in canal roundness, cross-sectional area, perimeter of each canal before and after instrumentation, and the extent of root canal transportation were calculated using image analysis software. There was no difference between the two rotary systems in regards to working time. Both systems create a similar round shape after instrumentation regardless of the initial root canal's shape. The Hero instruments showed a greater cutting efficiency compared with the ProTaper at the levels of 8 mm, 6 mm, and 4 mm but not at the level of 2 mm. On the other hand, the ProTaper seems to have a similar cutting efficiency at all levels. However, the ProTaper showed a tendency toward apical transportation. Under the conditions of the present study, both preparation techniques prepared the canals rapidly with a sufficient round shape. Despite that, it seems that there is a great potential for the improvement of shaping ability of rotary instruments. Hybrid instrumentation techniques should be evaluated by future studies in order to provide better results regarding the shaping ability of rotary instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexios L Loizides
- Department of Endodontics, Dental School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Jafarzadeh H, Abbott PV. Ledge Formation: Review of a Great Challenge in Endodontics. J Endod 2007; 33:1155-62. [PMID: 17889681 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2007.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2007] [Revised: 06/25/2007] [Accepted: 07/15/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Failure to grasp the rationale behind cleaning and shaping concepts can increase the occurrence of needless complications, such as ledges. A ledge is created when the working length can no longer be negotiated and the original pathway of the canal has been lost. Extension of the access cavity to provide unobstructed access to the root canals, precurving and not forcing instruments, using NiTi files, using passive step-back and balanced force techniques, and instrumenting the canal to its full length will all help to prevent ledge formation. Initial negotiation and bypassing the ledge can be achieved using a small file with a distinct curve at the tip, whereas a slight rotation motion of the file combined with a ''picking'' motion can often help advance the instrument. A review of the literature and a discussion of the options for prevention, recognition and managing the ledge are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Jafarzadeh
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry and Dental Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Sonntag D, Ott M, Kook K, Stachniss V. Root canal preparation with the NiTi systems K3, Mtwo and ProTaper. AUST ENDOD J 2007; 33:73-81. [PMID: 17697248 DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-4477.2007.00062.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this paper was to examine the result of rotary root canal preparation with the nickel-titanium (NiTi) systems K3, ProTaper and Mtwo. One hundred and fifty curved artificial root canals and 60 mesial canals of human mandibular molars were selected. In the group of curved artificial canals, all canals were prepared to size 35/0.04 taper with the three systems. In the group of human mandibular molars, the teeth with mature root canals were radiographed with silver points inserted in bucco-lingual and in mesio-distal positions. In the artificial root group, one K3 instrument separated. Mtwo (20%) showed significantly (P = 0.003) less zips than K3 (46.9%) or ProTaper (50%). There were no significant differences in ledge and elbow formation. K3 and Mtwo had the lowest percentage of canal transportation. There was no significant difference regarding the preparation length or the condition of the apical foramina following the preparation. Canals prepared with K3 (26.5%) were significantly (P < 0.001) less tapered than ProTaper (62%) and Mtwo (82%). In the human mandibular molar group, one Mtwo and one ProTaper instrument separated. No significant differences were found in the preparation length, transportation or taper. The three systems tested, K3, Mtwo and ProTaper, achieved good preparation results.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Sonntag
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Philipps-University Marburg, Georg-Voigt-Strasse 3, 35033 Marburg, Germany.
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LAMBRIANIDIS THEODOROS. Ledging and blockage of root canals during canal preparation: causes, recognition, prevention, management, and outcomes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-1546.2009.00235.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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