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Coppiello G, Collantes M, Sirerol-Piquer MS, Vandenwijngaert S, Schoors S, Swinnen M, Vandersmissen I, Herijgers P, Topal B, van Loon J, Goffin J, Prósper F, Carmeliet P, García-Verdugo JM, Janssens S, Peñuelas I, Aranguren XL, Luttun A. Meox2/Tcf15 heterodimers program the heart capillary endothelium for cardiac fatty acid uptake. Circulation 2015; 131:815-26. [PMID: 25561514 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.114.013721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microvascular endothelium in different organs is specialized to fulfill the particular needs of parenchymal cells. However, specific information about heart capillary endothelial cells (ECs) is lacking. METHODS AND RESULTS Using microarray profiling on freshly isolated ECs from heart, brain, and liver, we revealed a genetic signature for microvascular heart ECs and identified Meox2/Tcf15 heterodimers as novel transcriptional determinants. This signature was largely shared with skeletal muscle and adipose tissue endothelium and was enriched in genes encoding fatty acid (FA) transport-related proteins. Using gain- and loss-of-function approaches, we showed that Meox2/Tcf15 mediate FA uptake in heart ECs, in part, by driving endothelial CD36 and lipoprotein lipase expression and facilitate FA transport across heart ECs. Combined Meox2 and Tcf15 haplodeficiency impaired FA uptake in heart ECs and reduced FA transfer to cardiomyocytes. In the long term, this combined haplodeficiency resulted in impaired cardiac contractility. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight a regulatory role for ECs in FA transfer to the heart parenchyma and unveil 2 of its intrinsic regulators. Our insights could be used to develop new strategies based on endothelial Meox2/Tcf15 targeting to modulate FA transfer to the heart and remedy cardiac dysfunction resulting from altered energy substrate usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Coppiello
- From Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology (G.C., I.V., X.L.A., A.L.), Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiology Unit (S.V., M.S., S.J.), Laboratory of Angiogenesis & Neurovascular link, Vesalius Research Center, VIB/Department of Oncology (S.S., P.C.), and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Experimental Cardiac Surgery Unit (P.H.), KULeuven, Belgium; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra/MicroPET Research Unit CIMA-CUN (M.C., I.P.), and Hematology and Cell Therapy Area, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and Division of Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (F.P., X.L.A), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Instituto Cavanilles, University of Valencia, CIBERNED, Spain (M.S.S.-P., J.M.G.-V.); and Departments of Abdominal Surgery (B.T.) and Neurosurgery (J.v.L., J.G.), University Hospitals Leuven/KULeuven, Belgium
| | - Maria Collantes
- From Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology (G.C., I.V., X.L.A., A.L.), Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiology Unit (S.V., M.S., S.J.), Laboratory of Angiogenesis & Neurovascular link, Vesalius Research Center, VIB/Department of Oncology (S.S., P.C.), and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Experimental Cardiac Surgery Unit (P.H.), KULeuven, Belgium; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra/MicroPET Research Unit CIMA-CUN (M.C., I.P.), and Hematology and Cell Therapy Area, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and Division of Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (F.P., X.L.A), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Instituto Cavanilles, University of Valencia, CIBERNED, Spain (M.S.S.-P., J.M.G.-V.); and Departments of Abdominal Surgery (B.T.) and Neurosurgery (J.v.L., J.G.), University Hospitals Leuven/KULeuven, Belgium
| | - María Salomé Sirerol-Piquer
- From Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology (G.C., I.V., X.L.A., A.L.), Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiology Unit (S.V., M.S., S.J.), Laboratory of Angiogenesis & Neurovascular link, Vesalius Research Center, VIB/Department of Oncology (S.S., P.C.), and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Experimental Cardiac Surgery Unit (P.H.), KULeuven, Belgium; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra/MicroPET Research Unit CIMA-CUN (M.C., I.P.), and Hematology and Cell Therapy Area, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and Division of Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (F.P., X.L.A), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Instituto Cavanilles, University of Valencia, CIBERNED, Spain (M.S.S.-P., J.M.G.-V.); and Departments of Abdominal Surgery (B.T.) and Neurosurgery (J.v.L., J.G.), University Hospitals Leuven/KULeuven, Belgium
| | - Sara Vandenwijngaert
- From Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology (G.C., I.V., X.L.A., A.L.), Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiology Unit (S.V., M.S., S.J.), Laboratory of Angiogenesis & Neurovascular link, Vesalius Research Center, VIB/Department of Oncology (S.S., P.C.), and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Experimental Cardiac Surgery Unit (P.H.), KULeuven, Belgium; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra/MicroPET Research Unit CIMA-CUN (M.C., I.P.), and Hematology and Cell Therapy Area, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and Division of Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (F.P., X.L.A), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Instituto Cavanilles, University of Valencia, CIBERNED, Spain (M.S.S.-P., J.M.G.-V.); and Departments of Abdominal Surgery (B.T.) and Neurosurgery (J.v.L., J.G.), University Hospitals Leuven/KULeuven, Belgium
| | - Sandra Schoors
- From Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology (G.C., I.V., X.L.A., A.L.), Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiology Unit (S.V., M.S., S.J.), Laboratory of Angiogenesis & Neurovascular link, Vesalius Research Center, VIB/Department of Oncology (S.S., P.C.), and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Experimental Cardiac Surgery Unit (P.H.), KULeuven, Belgium; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra/MicroPET Research Unit CIMA-CUN (M.C., I.P.), and Hematology and Cell Therapy Area, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and Division of Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (F.P., X.L.A), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Instituto Cavanilles, University of Valencia, CIBERNED, Spain (M.S.S.-P., J.M.G.-V.); and Departments of Abdominal Surgery (B.T.) and Neurosurgery (J.v.L., J.G.), University Hospitals Leuven/KULeuven, Belgium
| | - Melissa Swinnen
- From Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology (G.C., I.V., X.L.A., A.L.), Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiology Unit (S.V., M.S., S.J.), Laboratory of Angiogenesis & Neurovascular link, Vesalius Research Center, VIB/Department of Oncology (S.S., P.C.), and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Experimental Cardiac Surgery Unit (P.H.), KULeuven, Belgium; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra/MicroPET Research Unit CIMA-CUN (M.C., I.P.), and Hematology and Cell Therapy Area, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and Division of Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (F.P., X.L.A), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Instituto Cavanilles, University of Valencia, CIBERNED, Spain (M.S.S.-P., J.M.G.-V.); and Departments of Abdominal Surgery (B.T.) and Neurosurgery (J.v.L., J.G.), University Hospitals Leuven/KULeuven, Belgium
| | - Ine Vandersmissen
- From Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology (G.C., I.V., X.L.A., A.L.), Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiology Unit (S.V., M.S., S.J.), Laboratory of Angiogenesis & Neurovascular link, Vesalius Research Center, VIB/Department of Oncology (S.S., P.C.), and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Experimental Cardiac Surgery Unit (P.H.), KULeuven, Belgium; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra/MicroPET Research Unit CIMA-CUN (M.C., I.P.), and Hematology and Cell Therapy Area, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and Division of Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (F.P., X.L.A), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Instituto Cavanilles, University of Valencia, CIBERNED, Spain (M.S.S.-P., J.M.G.-V.); and Departments of Abdominal Surgery (B.T.) and Neurosurgery (J.v.L., J.G.), University Hospitals Leuven/KULeuven, Belgium
| | - Paul Herijgers
- From Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology (G.C., I.V., X.L.A., A.L.), Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiology Unit (S.V., M.S., S.J.), Laboratory of Angiogenesis & Neurovascular link, Vesalius Research Center, VIB/Department of Oncology (S.S., P.C.), and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Experimental Cardiac Surgery Unit (P.H.), KULeuven, Belgium; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra/MicroPET Research Unit CIMA-CUN (M.C., I.P.), and Hematology and Cell Therapy Area, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and Division of Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (F.P., X.L.A), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Instituto Cavanilles, University of Valencia, CIBERNED, Spain (M.S.S.-P., J.M.G.-V.); and Departments of Abdominal Surgery (B.T.) and Neurosurgery (J.v.L., J.G.), University Hospitals Leuven/KULeuven, Belgium
| | - Baki Topal
- From Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology (G.C., I.V., X.L.A., A.L.), Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiology Unit (S.V., M.S., S.J.), Laboratory of Angiogenesis & Neurovascular link, Vesalius Research Center, VIB/Department of Oncology (S.S., P.C.), and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Experimental Cardiac Surgery Unit (P.H.), KULeuven, Belgium; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra/MicroPET Research Unit CIMA-CUN (M.C., I.P.), and Hematology and Cell Therapy Area, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and Division of Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (F.P., X.L.A), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Instituto Cavanilles, University of Valencia, CIBERNED, Spain (M.S.S.-P., J.M.G.-V.); and Departments of Abdominal Surgery (B.T.) and Neurosurgery (J.v.L., J.G.), University Hospitals Leuven/KULeuven, Belgium
| | - Johannes van Loon
- From Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology (G.C., I.V., X.L.A., A.L.), Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiology Unit (S.V., M.S., S.J.), Laboratory of Angiogenesis & Neurovascular link, Vesalius Research Center, VIB/Department of Oncology (S.S., P.C.), and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Experimental Cardiac Surgery Unit (P.H.), KULeuven, Belgium; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra/MicroPET Research Unit CIMA-CUN (M.C., I.P.), and Hematology and Cell Therapy Area, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and Division of Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (F.P., X.L.A), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Instituto Cavanilles, University of Valencia, CIBERNED, Spain (M.S.S.-P., J.M.G.-V.); and Departments of Abdominal Surgery (B.T.) and Neurosurgery (J.v.L., J.G.), University Hospitals Leuven/KULeuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Goffin
- From Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology (G.C., I.V., X.L.A., A.L.), Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiology Unit (S.V., M.S., S.J.), Laboratory of Angiogenesis & Neurovascular link, Vesalius Research Center, VIB/Department of Oncology (S.S., P.C.), and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Experimental Cardiac Surgery Unit (P.H.), KULeuven, Belgium; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra/MicroPET Research Unit CIMA-CUN (M.C., I.P.), and Hematology and Cell Therapy Area, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and Division of Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (F.P., X.L.A), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Instituto Cavanilles, University of Valencia, CIBERNED, Spain (M.S.S.-P., J.M.G.-V.); and Departments of Abdominal Surgery (B.T.) and Neurosurgery (J.v.L., J.G.), University Hospitals Leuven/KULeuven, Belgium
| | - Felipe Prósper
- From Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology (G.C., I.V., X.L.A., A.L.), Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiology Unit (S.V., M.S., S.J.), Laboratory of Angiogenesis & Neurovascular link, Vesalius Research Center, VIB/Department of Oncology (S.S., P.C.), and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Experimental Cardiac Surgery Unit (P.H.), KULeuven, Belgium; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra/MicroPET Research Unit CIMA-CUN (M.C., I.P.), and Hematology and Cell Therapy Area, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and Division of Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (F.P., X.L.A), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Instituto Cavanilles, University of Valencia, CIBERNED, Spain (M.S.S.-P., J.M.G.-V.); and Departments of Abdominal Surgery (B.T.) and Neurosurgery (J.v.L., J.G.), University Hospitals Leuven/KULeuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- From Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology (G.C., I.V., X.L.A., A.L.), Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiology Unit (S.V., M.S., S.J.), Laboratory of Angiogenesis & Neurovascular link, Vesalius Research Center, VIB/Department of Oncology (S.S., P.C.), and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Experimental Cardiac Surgery Unit (P.H.), KULeuven, Belgium; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra/MicroPET Research Unit CIMA-CUN (M.C., I.P.), and Hematology and Cell Therapy Area, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and Division of Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (F.P., X.L.A), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Instituto Cavanilles, University of Valencia, CIBERNED, Spain (M.S.S.-P., J.M.G.-V.); and Departments of Abdominal Surgery (B.T.) and Neurosurgery (J.v.L., J.G.), University Hospitals Leuven/KULeuven, Belgium
| | - Jose Manuel García-Verdugo
- From Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology (G.C., I.V., X.L.A., A.L.), Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiology Unit (S.V., M.S., S.J.), Laboratory of Angiogenesis & Neurovascular link, Vesalius Research Center, VIB/Department of Oncology (S.S., P.C.), and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Experimental Cardiac Surgery Unit (P.H.), KULeuven, Belgium; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra/MicroPET Research Unit CIMA-CUN (M.C., I.P.), and Hematology and Cell Therapy Area, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and Division of Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (F.P., X.L.A), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Instituto Cavanilles, University of Valencia, CIBERNED, Spain (M.S.S.-P., J.M.G.-V.); and Departments of Abdominal Surgery (B.T.) and Neurosurgery (J.v.L., J.G.), University Hospitals Leuven/KULeuven, Belgium
| | - Stefan Janssens
- From Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology (G.C., I.V., X.L.A., A.L.), Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiology Unit (S.V., M.S., S.J.), Laboratory of Angiogenesis & Neurovascular link, Vesalius Research Center, VIB/Department of Oncology (S.S., P.C.), and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Experimental Cardiac Surgery Unit (P.H.), KULeuven, Belgium; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra/MicroPET Research Unit CIMA-CUN (M.C., I.P.), and Hematology and Cell Therapy Area, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and Division of Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (F.P., X.L.A), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Instituto Cavanilles, University of Valencia, CIBERNED, Spain (M.S.S.-P., J.M.G.-V.); and Departments of Abdominal Surgery (B.T.) and Neurosurgery (J.v.L., J.G.), University Hospitals Leuven/KULeuven, Belgium
| | - Iván Peñuelas
- From Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology (G.C., I.V., X.L.A., A.L.), Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiology Unit (S.V., M.S., S.J.), Laboratory of Angiogenesis & Neurovascular link, Vesalius Research Center, VIB/Department of Oncology (S.S., P.C.), and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Experimental Cardiac Surgery Unit (P.H.), KULeuven, Belgium; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra/MicroPET Research Unit CIMA-CUN (M.C., I.P.), and Hematology and Cell Therapy Area, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and Division of Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (F.P., X.L.A), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Instituto Cavanilles, University of Valencia, CIBERNED, Spain (M.S.S.-P., J.M.G.-V.); and Departments of Abdominal Surgery (B.T.) and Neurosurgery (J.v.L., J.G.), University Hospitals Leuven/KULeuven, Belgium
| | - Xabier L Aranguren
- From Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology (G.C., I.V., X.L.A., A.L.), Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiology Unit (S.V., M.S., S.J.), Laboratory of Angiogenesis & Neurovascular link, Vesalius Research Center, VIB/Department of Oncology (S.S., P.C.), and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Experimental Cardiac Surgery Unit (P.H.), KULeuven, Belgium; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra/MicroPET Research Unit CIMA-CUN (M.C., I.P.), and Hematology and Cell Therapy Area, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and Division of Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (F.P., X.L.A), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Instituto Cavanilles, University of Valencia, CIBERNED, Spain (M.S.S.-P., J.M.G.-V.); and Departments of Abdominal Surgery (B.T.) and Neurosurgery (J.v.L., J.G.), University Hospitals Leuven/KULeuven, Belgium
| | - Aernout Luttun
- From Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology (G.C., I.V., X.L.A., A.L.), Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiology Unit (S.V., M.S., S.J.), Laboratory of Angiogenesis & Neurovascular link, Vesalius Research Center, VIB/Department of Oncology (S.S., P.C.), and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Experimental Cardiac Surgery Unit (P.H.), KULeuven, Belgium; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra/MicroPET Research Unit CIMA-CUN (M.C., I.P.), and Hematology and Cell Therapy Area, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and Division of Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (F.P., X.L.A), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Instituto Cavanilles, University of Valencia, CIBERNED, Spain (M.S.S.-P., J.M.G.-V.); and Departments of Abdominal Surgery (B.T.) and Neurosurgery (J.v.L., J.G.), University Hospitals Leuven/KULeuven, Belgium.
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Corella D, Sorlí JV, Estruch R, Coltell O, Ortega-Azorín C, Portolés O, Martínez-González MÁ, Bulló M, Fitó M, Arós F, Lapetra J, Asensio EM, Sáez GT, Serra-Majem L, Muñoz-Bravo C, Ruiz-Gutiérrez V, Fiol M, Vinyoles E, Pintó X, Richardson K, Ros E, Ordovás JM. MicroRNA-410 regulated lipoprotein lipase variant rs13702 is associated with stroke incidence and modulated by diet in the randomized controlled PREDIMED trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2014; 100:719-31. [PMID: 24990426 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.113.076992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs have emerged as important epigenetic regulators in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Using an observational meta-analysis design, we previously characterized a gain-of-function microRNA-410 target site polymorphism (rs13702T>C) in the 3'untranslated region of the lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene. The C allele was associated with lower triglycerides, and this association was modulated by fat intake. OBJECTIVES We aimed to extend our findings by assessing the interaction between the rs13702 polymorphism and fat intake on triglycerides at baseline and longitudinally by using a dietary intervention design. We also examined as a primary outcome the association of this variant with CVD incidence and its modulation by the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet). DESIGN We studied 7187 participants in the PREDIMED (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea) randomized trial that tested a MedDiet intervention compared with a control diet, with a median 4.8-y follow-up. LPL polymorphisms and triglycerides were determined and CVD assessed. Gene-diet interactions for triglycerides were analyzed at baseline (n = 6880) and after a 3-y intervention (n = 4131). Oxidative stress parameters were investigated in a subsample. RESULTS The rs13702T>C polymorphism was strongly associated with lower triglycerides in C allele carriers and interacted synergistically with dietary monounsaturated (P = 0.038) and unsaturated fat intake (P = 0.037), decreasing triglycerides at baseline. By 3 y, we observed a gene-diet interaction (P = 0.025) in which the C allele was associated with a greater reduction in triglycerides after intervention with MedDiet, high in unsaturated fat. Although the polymorphism was associated with lower stroke risk (HR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.57, 0.97; P = 0.029 per C allele), this association reached statistical significance only in the MedDiet intervention (HR: 0.58; 95% CI: 0.37, 0.91; P = 0.019 in C compared with TT carriers), not in the control group (HR: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.55, 1.59; P = 0.805). CONCLUSION We report a novel association between a microRNA target site variant and stroke incidence, which is modulated by diet in terms of decreasing triglycerides and possibly stroke risk in rs13702 C allele carriers after a high-unsaturated fat MedDiet intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolores Corella
- From the Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (DC, JVS, CO-A, OP, and EMA); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (DC, JVS, RE, OC, CO-A, OP, MÁM-G, MB, M Fitó, FA, JL, EMA, GTS, LS-M, CM-B, VR-G, M Fiol, EV, XP, and ER); Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (RE); Department of Computer Languages and Systems, University Jaume I, Castellon, Spain (OC); Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (MÁM-G); Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine, IISPV, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain (MB); Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Municipal Institut for Medical Research, Barcelona, Spain (M Fitó); Department of Cardiology, Hospital Txagorritxu, Vitoria, Spain (FA); Department of Family Medicine, Primary Care Division of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain (JL); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Clinical Analysis Service-CDB, HGUV, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (GTS); Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain (LS-M); Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain (CM-B); Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas, Seville (VR-G); University Institute for Health Sciences Investigation, Hospital Son Dureta, Palma de Mallorca, Spain (M Fiol); Primary Care Division, Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona, Spain (EV); Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (XP); Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA (KR, JMO); Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospita
| | - Jose V Sorlí
- From the Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (DC, JVS, CO-A, OP, and EMA); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (DC, JVS, RE, OC, CO-A, OP, MÁM-G, MB, M Fitó, FA, JL, EMA, GTS, LS-M, CM-B, VR-G, M Fiol, EV, XP, and ER); Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (RE); Department of Computer Languages and Systems, University Jaume I, Castellon, Spain (OC); Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (MÁM-G); Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine, IISPV, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain (MB); Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Municipal Institut for Medical Research, Barcelona, Spain (M Fitó); Department of Cardiology, Hospital Txagorritxu, Vitoria, Spain (FA); Department of Family Medicine, Primary Care Division of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain (JL); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Clinical Analysis Service-CDB, HGUV, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (GTS); Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain (LS-M); Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain (CM-B); Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas, Seville (VR-G); University Institute for Health Sciences Investigation, Hospital Son Dureta, Palma de Mallorca, Spain (M Fiol); Primary Care Division, Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona, Spain (EV); Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (XP); Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA (KR, JMO); Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospita
| | - Ramon Estruch
- From the Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (DC, JVS, CO-A, OP, and EMA); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (DC, JVS, RE, OC, CO-A, OP, MÁM-G, MB, M Fitó, FA, JL, EMA, GTS, LS-M, CM-B, VR-G, M Fiol, EV, XP, and ER); Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (RE); Department of Computer Languages and Systems, University Jaume I, Castellon, Spain (OC); Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (MÁM-G); Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine, IISPV, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain (MB); Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Municipal Institut for Medical Research, Barcelona, Spain (M Fitó); Department of Cardiology, Hospital Txagorritxu, Vitoria, Spain (FA); Department of Family Medicine, Primary Care Division of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain (JL); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Clinical Analysis Service-CDB, HGUV, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (GTS); Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain (LS-M); Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain (CM-B); Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas, Seville (VR-G); University Institute for Health Sciences Investigation, Hospital Son Dureta, Palma de Mallorca, Spain (M Fiol); Primary Care Division, Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona, Spain (EV); Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (XP); Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA (KR, JMO); Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospita
| | - Oscar Coltell
- From the Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (DC, JVS, CO-A, OP, and EMA); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (DC, JVS, RE, OC, CO-A, OP, MÁM-G, MB, M Fitó, FA, JL, EMA, GTS, LS-M, CM-B, VR-G, M Fiol, EV, XP, and ER); Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (RE); Department of Computer Languages and Systems, University Jaume I, Castellon, Spain (OC); Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (MÁM-G); Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine, IISPV, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain (MB); Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Municipal Institut for Medical Research, Barcelona, Spain (M Fitó); Department of Cardiology, Hospital Txagorritxu, Vitoria, Spain (FA); Department of Family Medicine, Primary Care Division of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain (JL); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Clinical Analysis Service-CDB, HGUV, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (GTS); Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain (LS-M); Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain (CM-B); Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas, Seville (VR-G); University Institute for Health Sciences Investigation, Hospital Son Dureta, Palma de Mallorca, Spain (M Fiol); Primary Care Division, Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona, Spain (EV); Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (XP); Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA (KR, JMO); Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospita
| | - Carolina Ortega-Azorín
- From the Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (DC, JVS, CO-A, OP, and EMA); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (DC, JVS, RE, OC, CO-A, OP, MÁM-G, MB, M Fitó, FA, JL, EMA, GTS, LS-M, CM-B, VR-G, M Fiol, EV, XP, and ER); Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (RE); Department of Computer Languages and Systems, University Jaume I, Castellon, Spain (OC); Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (MÁM-G); Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine, IISPV, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain (MB); Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Municipal Institut for Medical Research, Barcelona, Spain (M Fitó); Department of Cardiology, Hospital Txagorritxu, Vitoria, Spain (FA); Department of Family Medicine, Primary Care Division of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain (JL); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Clinical Analysis Service-CDB, HGUV, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (GTS); Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain (LS-M); Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain (CM-B); Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas, Seville (VR-G); University Institute for Health Sciences Investigation, Hospital Son Dureta, Palma de Mallorca, Spain (M Fiol); Primary Care Division, Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona, Spain (EV); Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (XP); Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA (KR, JMO); Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospita
| | - Olga Portolés
- From the Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (DC, JVS, CO-A, OP, and EMA); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (DC, JVS, RE, OC, CO-A, OP, MÁM-G, MB, M Fitó, FA, JL, EMA, GTS, LS-M, CM-B, VR-G, M Fiol, EV, XP, and ER); Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (RE); Department of Computer Languages and Systems, University Jaume I, Castellon, Spain (OC); Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (MÁM-G); Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine, IISPV, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain (MB); Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Municipal Institut for Medical Research, Barcelona, Spain (M Fitó); Department of Cardiology, Hospital Txagorritxu, Vitoria, Spain (FA); Department of Family Medicine, Primary Care Division of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain (JL); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Clinical Analysis Service-CDB, HGUV, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (GTS); Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain (LS-M); Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain (CM-B); Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas, Seville (VR-G); University Institute for Health Sciences Investigation, Hospital Son Dureta, Palma de Mallorca, Spain (M Fiol); Primary Care Division, Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona, Spain (EV); Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (XP); Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA (KR, JMO); Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospita
| | - Miguel Ángel Martínez-González
- From the Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (DC, JVS, CO-A, OP, and EMA); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (DC, JVS, RE, OC, CO-A, OP, MÁM-G, MB, M Fitó, FA, JL, EMA, GTS, LS-M, CM-B, VR-G, M Fiol, EV, XP, and ER); Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (RE); Department of Computer Languages and Systems, University Jaume I, Castellon, Spain (OC); Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (MÁM-G); Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine, IISPV, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain (MB); Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Municipal Institut for Medical Research, Barcelona, Spain (M Fitó); Department of Cardiology, Hospital Txagorritxu, Vitoria, Spain (FA); Department of Family Medicine, Primary Care Division of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain (JL); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Clinical Analysis Service-CDB, HGUV, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (GTS); Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain (LS-M); Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain (CM-B); Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas, Seville (VR-G); University Institute for Health Sciences Investigation, Hospital Son Dureta, Palma de Mallorca, Spain (M Fiol); Primary Care Division, Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona, Spain (EV); Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (XP); Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA (KR, JMO); Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospita
| | - Mónica Bulló
- From the Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (DC, JVS, CO-A, OP, and EMA); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (DC, JVS, RE, OC, CO-A, OP, MÁM-G, MB, M Fitó, FA, JL, EMA, GTS, LS-M, CM-B, VR-G, M Fiol, EV, XP, and ER); Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (RE); Department of Computer Languages and Systems, University Jaume I, Castellon, Spain (OC); Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (MÁM-G); Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine, IISPV, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain (MB); Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Municipal Institut for Medical Research, Barcelona, Spain (M Fitó); Department of Cardiology, Hospital Txagorritxu, Vitoria, Spain (FA); Department of Family Medicine, Primary Care Division of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain (JL); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Clinical Analysis Service-CDB, HGUV, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (GTS); Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain (LS-M); Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain (CM-B); Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas, Seville (VR-G); University Institute for Health Sciences Investigation, Hospital Son Dureta, Palma de Mallorca, Spain (M Fiol); Primary Care Division, Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona, Spain (EV); Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (XP); Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA (KR, JMO); Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospita
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- From the Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (DC, JVS, CO-A, OP, and EMA); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (DC, JVS, RE, OC, CO-A, OP, MÁM-G, MB, M Fitó, FA, JL, EMA, GTS, LS-M, CM-B, VR-G, M Fiol, EV, XP, and ER); Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (RE); Department of Computer Languages and Systems, University Jaume I, Castellon, Spain (OC); Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (MÁM-G); Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine, IISPV, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain (MB); Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Municipal Institut for Medical Research, Barcelona, Spain (M Fitó); Department of Cardiology, Hospital Txagorritxu, Vitoria, Spain (FA); Department of Family Medicine, Primary Care Division of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain (JL); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Clinical Analysis Service-CDB, HGUV, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (GTS); Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain (LS-M); Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain (CM-B); Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas, Seville (VR-G); University Institute for Health Sciences Investigation, Hospital Son Dureta, Palma de Mallorca, Spain (M Fiol); Primary Care Division, Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona, Spain (EV); Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (XP); Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA (KR, JMO); Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospita
| | - Fernando Arós
- From the Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (DC, JVS, CO-A, OP, and EMA); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (DC, JVS, RE, OC, CO-A, OP, MÁM-G, MB, M Fitó, FA, JL, EMA, GTS, LS-M, CM-B, VR-G, M Fiol, EV, XP, and ER); Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (RE); Department of Computer Languages and Systems, University Jaume I, Castellon, Spain (OC); Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (MÁM-G); Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine, IISPV, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain (MB); Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Municipal Institut for Medical Research, Barcelona, Spain (M Fitó); Department of Cardiology, Hospital Txagorritxu, Vitoria, Spain (FA); Department of Family Medicine, Primary Care Division of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain (JL); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Clinical Analysis Service-CDB, HGUV, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (GTS); Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain (LS-M); Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain (CM-B); Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas, Seville (VR-G); University Institute for Health Sciences Investigation, Hospital Son Dureta, Palma de Mallorca, Spain (M Fiol); Primary Care Division, Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona, Spain (EV); Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (XP); Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA (KR, JMO); Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospita
| | - José Lapetra
- From the Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (DC, JVS, CO-A, OP, and EMA); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (DC, JVS, RE, OC, CO-A, OP, MÁM-G, MB, M Fitó, FA, JL, EMA, GTS, LS-M, CM-B, VR-G, M Fiol, EV, XP, and ER); Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (RE); Department of Computer Languages and Systems, University Jaume I, Castellon, Spain (OC); Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (MÁM-G); Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine, IISPV, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain (MB); Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Municipal Institut for Medical Research, Barcelona, Spain (M Fitó); Department of Cardiology, Hospital Txagorritxu, Vitoria, Spain (FA); Department of Family Medicine, Primary Care Division of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain (JL); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Clinical Analysis Service-CDB, HGUV, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (GTS); Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain (LS-M); Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain (CM-B); Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas, Seville (VR-G); University Institute for Health Sciences Investigation, Hospital Son Dureta, Palma de Mallorca, Spain (M Fiol); Primary Care Division, Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona, Spain (EV); Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (XP); Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA (KR, JMO); Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospita
| | - Eva M Asensio
- From the Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (DC, JVS, CO-A, OP, and EMA); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (DC, JVS, RE, OC, CO-A, OP, MÁM-G, MB, M Fitó, FA, JL, EMA, GTS, LS-M, CM-B, VR-G, M Fiol, EV, XP, and ER); Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (RE); Department of Computer Languages and Systems, University Jaume I, Castellon, Spain (OC); Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (MÁM-G); Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine, IISPV, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain (MB); Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Municipal Institut for Medical Research, Barcelona, Spain (M Fitó); Department of Cardiology, Hospital Txagorritxu, Vitoria, Spain (FA); Department of Family Medicine, Primary Care Division of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain (JL); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Clinical Analysis Service-CDB, HGUV, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (GTS); Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain (LS-M); Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain (CM-B); Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas, Seville (VR-G); University Institute for Health Sciences Investigation, Hospital Son Dureta, Palma de Mallorca, Spain (M Fiol); Primary Care Division, Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona, Spain (EV); Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (XP); Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA (KR, JMO); Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospita
| | - Guillermo T Sáez
- From the Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (DC, JVS, CO-A, OP, and EMA); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (DC, JVS, RE, OC, CO-A, OP, MÁM-G, MB, M Fitó, FA, JL, EMA, GTS, LS-M, CM-B, VR-G, M Fiol, EV, XP, and ER); Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (RE); Department of Computer Languages and Systems, University Jaume I, Castellon, Spain (OC); Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (MÁM-G); Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine, IISPV, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain (MB); Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Municipal Institut for Medical Research, Barcelona, Spain (M Fitó); Department of Cardiology, Hospital Txagorritxu, Vitoria, Spain (FA); Department of Family Medicine, Primary Care Division of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain (JL); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Clinical Analysis Service-CDB, HGUV, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (GTS); Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain (LS-M); Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain (CM-B); Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas, Seville (VR-G); University Institute for Health Sciences Investigation, Hospital Son Dureta, Palma de Mallorca, Spain (M Fiol); Primary Care Division, Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona, Spain (EV); Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (XP); Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA (KR, JMO); Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospita
| | - Lluís Serra-Majem
- From the Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (DC, JVS, CO-A, OP, and EMA); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (DC, JVS, RE, OC, CO-A, OP, MÁM-G, MB, M Fitó, FA, JL, EMA, GTS, LS-M, CM-B, VR-G, M Fiol, EV, XP, and ER); Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (RE); Department of Computer Languages and Systems, University Jaume I, Castellon, Spain (OC); Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (MÁM-G); Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine, IISPV, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain (MB); Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Municipal Institut for Medical Research, Barcelona, Spain (M Fitó); Department of Cardiology, Hospital Txagorritxu, Vitoria, Spain (FA); Department of Family Medicine, Primary Care Division of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain (JL); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Clinical Analysis Service-CDB, HGUV, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (GTS); Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain (LS-M); Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain (CM-B); Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas, Seville (VR-G); University Institute for Health Sciences Investigation, Hospital Son Dureta, Palma de Mallorca, Spain (M Fiol); Primary Care Division, Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona, Spain (EV); Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (XP); Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA (KR, JMO); Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospita
| | - Carlos Muñoz-Bravo
- From the Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (DC, JVS, CO-A, OP, and EMA); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (DC, JVS, RE, OC, CO-A, OP, MÁM-G, MB, M Fitó, FA, JL, EMA, GTS, LS-M, CM-B, VR-G, M Fiol, EV, XP, and ER); Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (RE); Department of Computer Languages and Systems, University Jaume I, Castellon, Spain (OC); Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (MÁM-G); Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine, IISPV, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain (MB); Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Municipal Institut for Medical Research, Barcelona, Spain (M Fitó); Department of Cardiology, Hospital Txagorritxu, Vitoria, Spain (FA); Department of Family Medicine, Primary Care Division of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain (JL); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Clinical Analysis Service-CDB, HGUV, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (GTS); Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain (LS-M); Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain (CM-B); Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas, Seville (VR-G); University Institute for Health Sciences Investigation, Hospital Son Dureta, Palma de Mallorca, Spain (M Fiol); Primary Care Division, Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona, Spain (EV); Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (XP); Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA (KR, JMO); Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospita
| | - Valentina Ruiz-Gutiérrez
- From the Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (DC, JVS, CO-A, OP, and EMA); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (DC, JVS, RE, OC, CO-A, OP, MÁM-G, MB, M Fitó, FA, JL, EMA, GTS, LS-M, CM-B, VR-G, M Fiol, EV, XP, and ER); Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (RE); Department of Computer Languages and Systems, University Jaume I, Castellon, Spain (OC); Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (MÁM-G); Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine, IISPV, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain (MB); Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Municipal Institut for Medical Research, Barcelona, Spain (M Fitó); Department of Cardiology, Hospital Txagorritxu, Vitoria, Spain (FA); Department of Family Medicine, Primary Care Division of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain (JL); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Clinical Analysis Service-CDB, HGUV, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (GTS); Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain (LS-M); Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain (CM-B); Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas, Seville (VR-G); University Institute for Health Sciences Investigation, Hospital Son Dureta, Palma de Mallorca, Spain (M Fiol); Primary Care Division, Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona, Spain (EV); Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (XP); Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA (KR, JMO); Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospita
| | - Miquel Fiol
- From the Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (DC, JVS, CO-A, OP, and EMA); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (DC, JVS, RE, OC, CO-A, OP, MÁM-G, MB, M Fitó, FA, JL, EMA, GTS, LS-M, CM-B, VR-G, M Fiol, EV, XP, and ER); Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (RE); Department of Computer Languages and Systems, University Jaume I, Castellon, Spain (OC); Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (MÁM-G); Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine, IISPV, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain (MB); Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Municipal Institut for Medical Research, Barcelona, Spain (M Fitó); Department of Cardiology, Hospital Txagorritxu, Vitoria, Spain (FA); Department of Family Medicine, Primary Care Division of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain (JL); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Clinical Analysis Service-CDB, HGUV, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (GTS); Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain (LS-M); Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain (CM-B); Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas, Seville (VR-G); University Institute for Health Sciences Investigation, Hospital Son Dureta, Palma de Mallorca, Spain (M Fiol); Primary Care Division, Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona, Spain (EV); Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (XP); Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA (KR, JMO); Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospita
| | - Ernest Vinyoles
- From the Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (DC, JVS, CO-A, OP, and EMA); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (DC, JVS, RE, OC, CO-A, OP, MÁM-G, MB, M Fitó, FA, JL, EMA, GTS, LS-M, CM-B, VR-G, M Fiol, EV, XP, and ER); Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (RE); Department of Computer Languages and Systems, University Jaume I, Castellon, Spain (OC); Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (MÁM-G); Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine, IISPV, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain (MB); Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Municipal Institut for Medical Research, Barcelona, Spain (M Fitó); Department of Cardiology, Hospital Txagorritxu, Vitoria, Spain (FA); Department of Family Medicine, Primary Care Division of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain (JL); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Clinical Analysis Service-CDB, HGUV, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (GTS); Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain (LS-M); Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain (CM-B); Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas, Seville (VR-G); University Institute for Health Sciences Investigation, Hospital Son Dureta, Palma de Mallorca, Spain (M Fiol); Primary Care Division, Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona, Spain (EV); Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (XP); Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA (KR, JMO); Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospita
| | - Xavier Pintó
- From the Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (DC, JVS, CO-A, OP, and EMA); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (DC, JVS, RE, OC, CO-A, OP, MÁM-G, MB, M Fitó, FA, JL, EMA, GTS, LS-M, CM-B, VR-G, M Fiol, EV, XP, and ER); Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (RE); Department of Computer Languages and Systems, University Jaume I, Castellon, Spain (OC); Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (MÁM-G); Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine, IISPV, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain (MB); Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Municipal Institut for Medical Research, Barcelona, Spain (M Fitó); Department of Cardiology, Hospital Txagorritxu, Vitoria, Spain (FA); Department of Family Medicine, Primary Care Division of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain (JL); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Clinical Analysis Service-CDB, HGUV, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (GTS); Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain (LS-M); Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain (CM-B); Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas, Seville (VR-G); University Institute for Health Sciences Investigation, Hospital Son Dureta, Palma de Mallorca, Spain (M Fiol); Primary Care Division, Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona, Spain (EV); Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (XP); Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA (KR, JMO); Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospita
| | - Kris Richardson
- From the Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (DC, JVS, CO-A, OP, and EMA); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (DC, JVS, RE, OC, CO-A, OP, MÁM-G, MB, M Fitó, FA, JL, EMA, GTS, LS-M, CM-B, VR-G, M Fiol, EV, XP, and ER); Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (RE); Department of Computer Languages and Systems, University Jaume I, Castellon, Spain (OC); Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (MÁM-G); Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine, IISPV, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain (MB); Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Municipal Institut for Medical Research, Barcelona, Spain (M Fitó); Department of Cardiology, Hospital Txagorritxu, Vitoria, Spain (FA); Department of Family Medicine, Primary Care Division of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain (JL); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Clinical Analysis Service-CDB, HGUV, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (GTS); Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain (LS-M); Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain (CM-B); Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas, Seville (VR-G); University Institute for Health Sciences Investigation, Hospital Son Dureta, Palma de Mallorca, Spain (M Fiol); Primary Care Division, Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona, Spain (EV); Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (XP); Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA (KR, JMO); Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospita
| | - Emilio Ros
- From the Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (DC, JVS, CO-A, OP, and EMA); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (DC, JVS, RE, OC, CO-A, OP, MÁM-G, MB, M Fitó, FA, JL, EMA, GTS, LS-M, CM-B, VR-G, M Fiol, EV, XP, and ER); Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (RE); Department of Computer Languages and Systems, University Jaume I, Castellon, Spain (OC); Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (MÁM-G); Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine, IISPV, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain (MB); Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Municipal Institut for Medical Research, Barcelona, Spain (M Fitó); Department of Cardiology, Hospital Txagorritxu, Vitoria, Spain (FA); Department of Family Medicine, Primary Care Division of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain (JL); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Clinical Analysis Service-CDB, HGUV, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (GTS); Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain (LS-M); Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain (CM-B); Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas, Seville (VR-G); University Institute for Health Sciences Investigation, Hospital Son Dureta, Palma de Mallorca, Spain (M Fiol); Primary Care Division, Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona, Spain (EV); Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (XP); Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA (KR, JMO); Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospita
| | - Jose M Ordovás
- From the Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (DC, JVS, CO-A, OP, and EMA); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (DC, JVS, RE, OC, CO-A, OP, MÁM-G, MB, M Fitó, FA, JL, EMA, GTS, LS-M, CM-B, VR-G, M Fiol, EV, XP, and ER); Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (RE); Department of Computer Languages and Systems, University Jaume I, Castellon, Spain (OC); Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (MÁM-G); Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine, IISPV, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain (MB); Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Municipal Institut for Medical Research, Barcelona, Spain (M Fitó); Department of Cardiology, Hospital Txagorritxu, Vitoria, Spain (FA); Department of Family Medicine, Primary Care Division of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain (JL); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Clinical Analysis Service-CDB, HGUV, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (GTS); Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain (LS-M); Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain (CM-B); Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas, Seville (VR-G); University Institute for Health Sciences Investigation, Hospital Son Dureta, Palma de Mallorca, Spain (M Fiol); Primary Care Division, Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona, Spain (EV); Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (XP); Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA (KR, JMO); Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospita
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