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Ungeheuer K, Marszalek KW, Tokarz W, Perzanowski M, Kąkol Z, Marszalek M. DFT electronic structure investigation of chromium ion-implanted cupric oxide thin films dedicated for photovoltaic absorber layers. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19830. [PMID: 39191943 PMCID: PMC11349985 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-70442-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
This study explores the enhancement of cupric oxide (CuO) thin films for photovoltaic applications through chromium doping and subsequent annealing. Thin films of CuO were deposited on silicon and glass substrates using reactive magnetron sputtering. Chromium was introduced via ion implantation, and samples were annealed to restore the crystal structure. The optical and structural properties of the films were characterized using X-ray diffraction, spectrophotometry, and spectroscopic ellipsometry. Results indicated that implantation reduced the absorbance and conductivity of the films, while annealing effectively restored these properties. Sample implanted with 10 keV energy and 1 × 1014 cm-2 dose of Cr ions, after annealing had sheet resistance of 1.1 × 106 Ω/sq compared to 1.7 × 106 Ω/sq for non implanted and annealed CuO. Study of crystalline structure confirmed the importance of annealing as it reduced the stress present in the material after deposition and implantation. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were performed to investigate the electronic structure and optical properties of CuO with varying levels of chromium doping. Calculations revealed an energy gap of 1.8 eV for undoped CuO, with significant changes in optical absorption for doped samples. Energy band gap determined using absorbance measurement and Tauc plot method had value of 1.10 eV for as deposited CuO. Samples after implantation and annealing had energy band gap value increased to about 1.20 eV. The study demonstrates that chromium doping and subsequent annealing can enhance the optical and electronic properties of CuO thin films, making them more efficient for photovoltaic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Ungeheuer
- Faculty of Computer Science, Electronics and Telecommunications, AGH University of Krakow, 30 Mickiewicza Ave., 30-059, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Konstanty W Marszalek
- Faculty of Computer Science, Electronics and Telecommunications, AGH University of Krakow, 30 Mickiewicza Ave., 30-059, Krakow, Poland
| | - Waldemar Tokarz
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Krakow, 30 Mickiewicza Ave., 30-059, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marcin Perzanowski
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, 152 Walerego Eljasza Radzikowskiego Str., 31-342, Krakow, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Kąkol
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Krakow, 30 Mickiewicza Ave., 30-059, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marta Marszalek
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, 152 Walerego Eljasza Radzikowskiego Str., 31-342, Krakow, Poland
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2
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Sun Q, Sadhu A, Lie S, Wong LH. Critical Review of Cu-Based Hole Transport Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells: From Theoretical Insights to Experimental Validation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2402412. [PMID: 38767270 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202402412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Despite the remarkable efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), long-term stability remains the primary barrier to their commercialization. The prospect of enhancing stability by substituting organic transport layers with suitable inorganic compounds, particularly Cu-based inorganic hole-transport materials (HTMs), holds promise due to their high valence band maximum (VBM) aligning with perovskite characteristics. This review assesses the advantages and disadvantages of these five types of Cu-based HTMs. Although Cu-based binary oxides and chalcogenides face narrow bandgap issues, the "chemical modulation of the valence band" (CMVB) strategy has successfully broadened the bandgap for Cu-based ternary oxides and chalcogenides. However, Cu-based ternary oxides encounter challenges with low mobility, and Cu-based ternary chalcogenides face mismatches in VBM alignment with perovskites. Cu-based binary halides, especially CuI, exhibit excellent properties such as wider bandgap, high mobility, and defect tolerance, but their stability remains a concern. These limitations of single anion compounds are insightfully discussed, offering solutions from the perspective of practical application. Future research can focus on Cu-based composite anion compounds, which merge the advantages of single anion compounds. Additionally, mixed-cation chalcogenides such as CuxM1-xS enable the customization of HTM properties by selecting and adjusting the proportions of cation M.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingde Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Anupam Sadhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Stener Lie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Lydia Helena Wong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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3
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Kumar MP, Kumaresan N, Mangalaraja RV, Zaporotskova I, Arulraj A, Murugadoss G, Pugazhendhi A. Zinc oxide nanoflakes supported copper oxide nanosheets as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for OER and HER in an alkaline medium. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:119030. [PMID: 38677409 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Bifunctional electrocatalysts are the attractive research in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in the overall water-splitting reactions. The design and development of the cost-effective OER/HER bifunctional electrocatalysts with superior catalytic activity are still remaining as the big challenges. Herein, we have developed the CuO-ZnO nanocomposite as a bifunctional OER/HER electrocatalyst via simple chemical precipitation method. The nanocomposite was investigated for its crystalline structure, surface morphology and the functions of elements using XRD, FT-IR, SEM, TEM and XPS characterization techniques, respectively. The nanocomposite exhibited the excellent activity for the overall water-splitting in an alkaline medium. The CuO-ZnO nanocomposite showed the less onset potential of 1.4 and 0.15 V versus RHE in 1M KOH (Tafel slopes value of 0.180 and 0.400 V dec-1) for OER and HER, respectively. Hence, the as-prepared bifunctional electrocatalyst displayed the high stability for 10 h in the water electrolysis processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Praveen Kumar
- Faculty of Engineering and Sciences, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Diagonal Las Torres 2640, Peñalolén, Santiago, Chile
| | - Natesan Kumaresan
- Department of Physics, SSN Research Centre, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R V Mangalaraja
- Faculty of Engineering and Sciences, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Diagonal Las Torres 2640, Peñalolén, Santiago, Chile; Instituto Universitario de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDT), Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Ignacio Valdivieso 2409, San Joaquín, Santiago, Chile
| | - Irina Zaporotskova
- Volgograd State University, 100 University Ave., Volgograd, 400062, Russia
| | - A Arulraj
- Departamento de Electricidad, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Av. José Pedro Alessandri 1242, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
| | - G Murugadoss
- Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119, India.
| | - A Pugazhendhi
- School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon; Centre for Herbal Pharmacology and Environmental Sustainability, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamil Nadu, India.
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4
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de Souza OPL, Tiba DY, Ferreira JHA, Lieb LC, Canevari TC. Non-enzymatic biosensor based on F,S-doped carbon dots/copper nanoarchitecture applied in the simultaneous electrochemical determination of NADH, dopamine, and uric acid in plasma. Analyst 2024; 149:2728-2737. [PMID: 38525963 DOI: 10.1039/d3an02239k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
This work presents the synthesis and characterization of an innovative F,S-doped carbon dots/CuONPs hybrid nanostructure obtained by a direct mixture between F,S-doped carbon dots obtained electrochemically and copper nitrate alcoholic solution. The hybrid nanostructures synthesized were characterized by absorption spectroscopy in the Ultraviolet region (UV-vis), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and different electrochemical techniques. The fluoride and sulfur-doped carbon dots/CuONPs nanostructures were used to prepare a non-enzymatic biosensor on a printed carbon electrode, exhibiting excellent electrocatalytic activity for the simultaneous determination of NADH, dopamine, and uric acid in the presence of ascorbic acid with a detection limit of 20, 80, and 400 nmol L-1, respectively. The non-enzymatic biosensors were also used to determine NADH, dopamine, and uric acid in plasma, and they did not suffer significant interference from each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Octávio P L de Souza
- LabNaHm: Multifunctional Hybrid Nanomaterials Laboratory, Engineering School, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, 01302-907 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Daniel Y Tiba
- LabNaHm: Multifunctional Hybrid Nanomaterials Laboratory, Engineering School, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, 01302-907 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Joao H A Ferreira
- LabNaHm: Multifunctional Hybrid Nanomaterials Laboratory, Engineering School, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, 01302-907 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Laura C Lieb
- LabNaHm: Multifunctional Hybrid Nanomaterials Laboratory, Engineering School, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, 01302-907 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Thiago C Canevari
- LabNaHm: Multifunctional Hybrid Nanomaterials Laboratory, Engineering School, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, 01302-907 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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5
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Mosaferi M, Céolin D, Rueff JP, Selles P, Odelius M, Björneholm O, Öhrwall G, Carniato S. Fingerprint of Dipole Moment Orientation of Water Molecules in Cu 2+ Aqueous Solution Probed by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:9836-9850. [PMID: 38545903 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The electronic structure and geometrical organization of aqueous Cu2+ have been investigated by using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) at the Cu L-edge combined with state-of-the-art ab initio molecular dynamics and a quantum molecular approach designed to simulate the Cu 2p X-ray photoelectron spectrum. The calculations offer a comprehensive insight into the origin of the main peak and satellite features. It is illustrated how the energy drop of the Cu 3d levels (≈7 eV) following the creation of the Cu 2p core hole switches the nature of the highest singly occupied molecular orbitals (MOs) from the dominant metal to the dominant MO nature of water. It is particularly revealed how the repositioning of the Cu 3d levels induces the formation of new bonding (B) and antibonding (AB) orbitals, from which shakeup mechanisms toward the relaxed H-SOMO operate. As highlighted in this study, the appearance of the shoulder near the main peak corresponds to the characteristic signature of shakeup intraligand (1a1 → H-SOMO(1b1)) excitations in water, providing insights into the average dipole moment distribution (≈36°) of the first-shell water molecules surrounding the metal ion and its direct impact on the broadening of the satellite. It is also revealed that the main satellite at 8 eV from the main peak corresponds to (metal/1b2 → H-SOMO(1b1) of water) excitations due to a bonding/antibonding (B/AB) interaction of Cu 3d levels with the deepest valence O2p/H1s 1b2 orbitals of water. This finding underscores the sensitivity of XPS to the electronic structure and orientation of the nearest water molecules around the central ion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Mosaferi
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, Matière et Rayonnement, UMR 7614, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Denis Céolin
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, BP 48, St Aubin, 91192 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Jean-Pascal Rueff
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, BP 48, St Aubin, 91192 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Patricia Selles
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, Matière et Rayonnement, UMR 7614, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Michael Odelius
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Center, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olle Björneholm
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Öhrwall
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Box 118, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Stéphane Carniato
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, Matière et Rayonnement, UMR 7614, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
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6
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Hesaraki SAH, Prymak O, Heidelmann M, Ulbricht M, Fischer L. Integrated In Situ Fabrication of CuO Nanorod-Decorated Polymer Membranes for the Catalytic Flow-Through Reduction of p-Nitrophenol. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:17517-17530. [PMID: 38536956 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
We developed a novel method to fabricate copper nanorods in situ in a poly(ether sulfone) (15 wt %) casting solution by a sonochemical reduction of Cu2+ ions with NaBH4. The main twist is the addition of ethanol to remove excess NaBH4 through Cu(0) catalyzed ethanolysis. This enabled the direct use of the resulting copper-containing casting dispersions for membrane preparation by liquid nonsolvent-induced phase separation and led to full utilization of the copper source, generating zero metal waste. We characterized the copper nanorods as presented in the membranes via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and UV/vis spectroscopy. We could demonstrate that the rapid immobilization from reducing conditions led to the membrane incorporation of copper nanorods in a state of high reactivity, which also promoted the complete oxidation to CuO after fabrication. We further observed a large aspect ratio and crystal straining of the nanorods, likely resulting from growth around the matrix polymer. The entanglement with poly(ether sulfone) further facilitated a selective presentation at the pore surface of the final CuO-decorated membranes. The membranes also exhibit high water permeances of up to 2800 L/m2hbar. Our catalytic membranes achieved exceptionally high activities in the aqueous flow-through reduction of p-nitrophenol (p-NP), with turnover frequencies of up to 115 h-1, even surpassing those of other state-of-the-art catalytic membranes that incorporate Pd or Ag. Additionally, we demonstrated that catalytic hydrolysis of the reducing agent in water can lead to hydrogen gas formation and blocking of active sites during continuous catalytic p-NP hydrogenation. We illustrated that the accompanying conversion loss can be mitigated by facilitated gas transport in the water-filled pores, which is dependent on the orientation of the pore size gradient and the flow direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Amir H Hesaraki
- Lehrstuhl für Technische Chemie II, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Oleg Prymak
- Inorganic Chemistry, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
- Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University Duisburg-Essen, Carl-Benz-Str. 199, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Markus Heidelmann
- Interdisciplinary Center for Analytics on the Nanoscale (ICAN), University Duisburg-Essen, Carl-Benz-Straße 199, 47057 Essen, Germany
| | - Mathias Ulbricht
- Lehrstuhl für Technische Chemie II, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
- Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University Duisburg-Essen, Carl-Benz-Str. 199, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Fischer
- Lehrstuhl für Technische Chemie II, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
- Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University Duisburg-Essen, Carl-Benz-Str. 199, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
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7
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Consiglio A, Gatti G, Martino E, Moreschini L, Johannsen JC, Prša K, Freeman PG, Sheptyakov D, Rønnow HM, Scopelliti R, Magrez A, Forró L, Schmitt C, Jovic V, Jozwiak C, Bostwick A, Rotenberg E, Hofmann T, Thomale R, Sangiovanni G, Di Sante D, Greiter M, Grioni M, Moser S. Electron Glass Phase with Resilient Zhang-Rice Singlets in LiCu_{3}O_{3}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:126502. [PMID: 38579201 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.126502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
LiCu_{3}O_{3} is an antiferromagnetic mixed valence cuprate where trilayers of edge-sharing Cu(II)O (3d^{9}) are sandwiched in between planes of Cu(I) (3d^{10}) ions, with Li stochastically substituting Cu(II). Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and density functional theory reveal two insulating electronic subsystems that are segregated in spite of sharing common oxygen atoms: a Cu d_{z^{2}}/O p_{z} derived valence band (VB) dispersing on the Cu(I) plane, and a Cu 3d_{x^{2}-y^{2}}/O 2p_{x,y} derived Zhang-Rice singlet (ZRS) band dispersing on the Cu(II)O planes. First-principle analysis shows the Li substitution to stabilize the insulating ground state, but only if antiferromagnetic correlations are present. Li further induces substitutional disorder and a 2D electron glass behavior in charge transport, reflected in a large 530 meV Coulomb gap and a linear suppression of VB spectral weight at E_{F} that is observed by ARPES. Surprisingly, the disorder leaves the Cu(II)-derived ZRS largely unaffected. This indicates a local segregation of Li and Cu atoms onto the two separate corner-sharing Cu(II)O_{2} sub-lattices of the edge-sharing Cu(II)O planes, and highlights the ubiquitous resilience of the entangled two hole ZRS entity against impurity scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Consiglio
- Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - G Gatti
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - E Martino
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - L Moreschini
- Advanced Light Source (ALS), Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J C Johannsen
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - K Prša
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - P G Freeman
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Jeremiah Horrocks Institute for Mathematics, Physics and Astronomy, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, United Kingdom
| | - D Sheptyakov
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - H M Rønnow
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - R Scopelliti
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Magrez
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - L Forró
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Stavropoulos Center for Complex Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - C Schmitt
- Physikalisches Institut and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - V Jovic
- Advanced Light Source (ALS), Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Earth Resources and Materials, Institute of Geological and Nuclear Science, Lower Hutt 5010, New Zealand and MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - C Jozwiak
- Advanced Light Source (ALS), Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Bostwick
- Advanced Light Source (ALS), Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - E Rotenberg
- Advanced Light Source (ALS), Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - T Hofmann
- Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - R Thomale
- Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - G Sangiovanni
- Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - D Di Sante
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Greiter
- Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - M Grioni
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - S Moser
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Advanced Light Source (ALS), Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Physikalisches Institut and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg 97074, Germany
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8
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Peng Z, Guo W, Liu T, Wang X, Shen D, Zhu Y, Zhou X, Yan J, Zhang H. Flexible Copper-Based Thermistors Fabricated by Laser Direct Writing for Low-Temperature Sensing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:10496-10507. [PMID: 38377380 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
With the flexibilization tendency of traditional electronics, developing sensing devices for the low-temperature field is demanding. Here, we fabricated a flexible copper-based thermistor by a laser direct writing process with Cu ion precursors. The copper-based thermistor performs with excellent temperature sensing ability and high stability under different environments. We discussed the effect of laser power on the temperature sensitivity of the copper-based thermistor, explained the sensing mechanism of the as-written copper-based films, and fabricated a temperature sensor array for realizing temperature management in a specific zone. All of the investigations have demonstrated that such copper-based thermistors can be used as candidate devices for low-temperature sensing fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Peng
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wei Guo
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- Jiangxi Research Institute, Beihang University, Nanchang 330096, China
| | - Tong Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xuewei Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Daozhi Shen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xingwen Zhou
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Jianfeng Yan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hongqiang Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- Jiangxi Research Institute, Beihang University, Nanchang 330096, China
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9
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Cho H, Roh JW, Park S, Kang SM, Park J, Kim SI. Comparison of influence of intercalation and substitution of Cu on electrical and thermoelectric transport properties of InSe alloys. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:7515-7521. [PMID: 38357850 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05586h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Layered post-transition-metal chalcogenides, such as InSe, In4Se3, SnSe, and SnSe2, have recently been investigated as semiconducting electronic materials and thermoelectric materials owing to their adjustable electrical transport properties either by doping or alloying. Herein, the influence of intercalation doping and substitutional doping of Cu in layered InSe alloys on electrical and thermoelectric transport properties was investigated and compared by synthesizing varied compositions of CuxInSe and In1-yCuySe. It was found that Cu was intercalated in CuxInSe samples (x = 0.01 and 0.02) and behaved as an electron donor, resulting in an increase in the electron concentration and a decrease in the activation energy. Therefore, the power factor of CuxInSe samples was increased compared to that of InSe. In contrast, the substituted Cu in the In site of In1-yCuySe samples (y = 0.01 and 0.02) acted as an acceptor, and the power factor decreased owing to a decrease in the electron concentration and activation energy. Moreover, a decrease in thermal conductivity was seen for CuxInSe and In1-yCuySe samples due to increased phonon scattering after the addition of Cu. Consequently, an enhanced thermoelectric figure of merit (zT) was only observed for intercalated CuxInSe samples due to the increased power factor and decreased thermal conductivity, while substituted In1-yCuySe samples only show degraded zT. A maximum zT value of 0.062 was observed for the CuxInSe (x = 0.02) sample at 700 K, which showed a 77% enhancement compared to that of InSe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungyu Cho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, South Korea.
| | - Jong Wook Roh
- School of Nano Materials Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Gyeongsangbuk-do 37224, South Korea
| | - Sanghyun Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, South Korea.
| | - Seung Min Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, South Korea.
| | - Joontae Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, South Korea.
| | - Sang-Il Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, South Korea.
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10
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Liang Y, Jin X, Xu X, Wu Y, Ghfar AA, Lam SS, Sonne C, Aminabhavi TM, Xia C. A novel porous lignocellulosic standing hierarchical hydroxyapatite for enhanced aqueous copper(II) removal. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168873. [PMID: 38016558 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Potentially toxic metal-polluted water resources are a heavily discussed topic the pollution by potentially toxic metals can cause significant health risks. Nanomaterials are actively developed towards providing high specific surface area and creating active adsorption sites for the treatment and remediation of these polluted waters. In an effort to tackle the limitations of conventional type adsorbents, nano-hydroxyapatite (HAp) was developed in this study by in situ generation onto wood powder, resulting in the formation of uniform hybrid powder (HAp@wood composite) structure consisting of HAp nanoparticles that showed the removal efficiency up to 80 % after 10 min; the maximum adsorption capacity for Cu(II) ions (98.95 mg/g-HAp) was higher compared to agglomerated nano-HAp (72.85 mg/g-HAp). The adsorption capacity of Cu(II) remained stable (89.85-107.66 mg/g-HAp) during the four adsorption-desorption cycles in multi-component system, thereby demonstrating high selectivity for Cu(II). This approach of using nanoparticle is relatively simple yet effective in improving the adsorption of potentially toxic metals and the developed approach can be used to develop advanced nanocomposites in commercial wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyi Liang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Xinshuai Xu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Yingji Wu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Ayman A Ghfar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Center for Global Health Research (CGHR), Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
| | - Christian Sonne
- Aarhus University, Department of Ecoscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Tejraj M Aminabhavi
- Center for Energy and Environment, School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Hubballi 580 031, Karnataka, India; University Center for Research & Development (UCRO), Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India
| | - Changlei Xia
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China.
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11
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Alam MM, Howlader MMR. High performance nonenzymatic electrochemical sensors via thermally grown Cu native oxides (CuNOx) towards sweat glucose monitoring. Analyst 2024; 149:712-728. [PMID: 37755066 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01153d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes, which is the seventh leading cause of death globally, necessitates real-time blood glucose monitoring, a process that is often invasive. A promising alternative is sweat glucose monitoring, which typically uses transition metals and their oxide nanomaterials as sensors. Despite their excellent surface-to-volume ratio, these materials have some drawbacks, including poor conductivity, structural collapse, and aggregation. As a result, selecting highly electroconductive materials and optimizing their nanostructures is critical. In this work, we developed a high-performance, low-cost, nonenzymatic sensor for sweat glucose detection, using the thermally grown native oxide of copper (CuNOx). By heating Cu foil at 160, 250, and 280 °C, we grew a native oxide layer of approximately 140 nm cupric oxide (CuO), which is excellent for glucose electrocatalysis. Using cyclic voltammetry, we found that our CuNOx sensors prepared at 280 °C exhibited a sensitivity of 1795 μA mM-1 cm-2, a linear range up to the desired limit of 1.00 mM for sweat glucose with excellent linearity (R2 = 0.9844), and a lower limit of detection of 135.39 μM. For glucose sensing, the redox couple Cu(II)/Cu(III) oxidizes glucose to gluconolactone and subsequently to gluconic acid, producing an oxidation current in an alkaline environment. Our sensors showed excellent repeatability and stability (remaining stable for over a year) with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 2.48% and 4.17%, respectively, for 1 mM glucose. The selectivity, when tested with common interferants found in human sweat and blood, showed an RSD of 4.32%. We hope that the electrocatalytic efficacy of the thermally grown CuNOx sensors for glucose sensing can introduce new avenues in the fabrication of sweat glucose sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksud M Alam
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
| | - Matiar M R Howlader
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
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12
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Zhao Y, Niu Z, Zhao J, Xue L, Fu X, Long J. Recent Advancements in Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting for Hydrogen Production. ELECTROCHEM ENERGY R 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s41918-022-00153-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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13
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Ren P, Zhou Y, Su K, Sun L, Luo N, Wang F. Visible-Light-Driven Furfural Oxidation over CuO x /Nb 2 O 5. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202300732. [PMID: 37772798 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Maleic anhydride (MA) is an important polyester monomer that can be produced from oxidizing renewable furfural derived from biomass. However, MA generation from furfural requires harsh reaction conditions, and suffers from low efficiency and solvent corrosion. Herein, we design a Nb2 O5 photocatalyst loaded of highly dispersed CuOx (CuOx /Nb2 O5 ), which selectively catalyzes furfural oxidation to MA and the precursor (5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone, HF). Due to CuOx loading and forming a complex of ligand to metal charge transfer (LMCT) between the Nb2 O5 surface and adsorbed furfural, the CuOx /Nb2 O5 absorbs visible light to activate furfural though Nb2 O5 has a large band-gap energy (3.2 eV). Singlet oxygen (1 O2 ) is the key active species for C-C bond cleavage and CO generation. MA and HF is produced with a combined yield of 59 % under optimized conditions. This work provides a mild way to provide renewable maleic anhydride via oxidative C-C bond cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puning Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, P. R. China
| | - Kaiyi Su
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Lulu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Nengchao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
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14
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Mosrati J, Ishida T, Mac H, Al-Yusufi M, Honma T, Parliniska-Wojtan M, Kobayashi Y, Klyushin A, Murayama T, Abdel-Mageed AM. Low-Temperature Hydrogenation of CO 2 to Methanol in Water on ZnO-Supported CuAu Nanoalloys. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202311340. [PMID: 37856669 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Optimizing processes and materials for the valorization of CO2 to hydrogen carriers or platform chemicals is a key step for mitigating global warming and for the sustainable use of renewables. We report here on the hydrogenation of CO2 in water on ZnO-supported CuAu nanoalloys, based on ≤7 mol % Au. Cux Auy /ZnO catalysts were characterized using 197 Au Mössbauer, in situ X-ray absorption (Au LIII - and Cu K-edges), and ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron (APXP) spectroscopic methods together with X-ray diffraction and high-resolution electron microscopy. At 200 °C, the conversion of CO2 showed a significant increase by 34 times (from 0.1 to 3.4 %) upon increasing Cu93 Au7 loading from 1 to 10 wt %, while maintaining methanol selectivity at 100 %. Limited CO selectivity (4-6 %) was observed upon increasing temperature up to 240 °C but associated with a ≈3-fold increase in CO2 conversion. Based on APXPS during CO2 hydrogenation in an H2 O-rich mixture, Cu segregates preferentially to the surface in a mainly metallic state, while slightly charged Au submerges deeper into the subsurface region. These results and detailed structural analyses are topics of the present contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawaher Mosrati
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis (LIKAT Rostock), 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Tamao Ishida
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Hung Mac
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis (LIKAT Rostock), 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Mohammed Al-Yusufi
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis (LIKAT Rostock), 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Tetsuo Honma
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan
| | | | - Yasuhiro Kobayashi
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Osaka, 590-0494, Japan
| | | | - Toru Murayama
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
- Research Center for Hydrogen Energy-based Society, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Ali M Abdel-Mageed
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis (LIKAT Rostock), 18059, Rostock, Germany
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15
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Nie X, Wang Y, Mu J, Han J, Li H, Luo N, Huang Z, Guo Q, Li N, Zhang J, Li N, Wang F. Tuning Redistribution of CuO x Nanoparticles on TiO 2 Support. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:48168-48178. [PMID: 37787471 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles exhibit unique catalytic performance, depending on their nanoscale size. However, controlling the particle size of the supported catalysts is still challenging. Here, we present a method for tunable redistribution of CuOx nanoparticles on rutile TiO2 support by physically adding pristine TiO2. The redistribution is driven by the work function difference (WFD) between the TiO2 support and the TiO2 additive, both of which exhibit distinct values, as determined through Kelvin probe force microscopy and electron binding energy analysis. Addition of TiO2 with lower work function (rutile) promotes electron transfer toward the CuOx/TiO2 composite, resulting in nanoparticle aggregation, while addition of TiO2 with higher work function (anatase) results in smaller CuOx on TiO2. The increase in particle size and electron density of CuOx, driven by the addition of rutile TiO2, promoted the complete conversion of nitrobenzene (100%) within 5 h. This is 2.7 times that of dispersed and degraded CuOx driven by mixing with anatase TiO2 (36.9%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhong Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yehong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
| | - Junju Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
| | - Jianyu Han
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huixiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
| | - Nengchao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhipeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
| | - Ning Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
| | - Ning Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
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16
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Bez E, Himmerlich M, Beaudou B, Reascos Portilla AK, Wackerow S, Rimoldi M, Pfeiffer S, Wiesendanger M, Benabid F, Taborelli M, Abdolvand A, Chiggiato P. Picosecond pulsed 532 nm laser system for roughening and secondary electron yield reduction of inner surfaces of up to 15 m long tubes. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2023; 94:103007. [PMID: 37812047 DOI: 10.1063/5.0166156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Laser-induced surface structuring is a promising method to suppress electron mulitpacting in the vacuum pipes of particle accelerators. Electrons are scattered inside the rough surface structure, resulting in a low Secondary Electron Yield (SEY) of the material. However, laser processing of internal pipe surfaces with a large aspect ratio is technologically challenging in terms of laser beam guidance and focusing. We present a 532 nm ultrashort-pulse laser setup to process the inner parts of 15 m long beam vacuum tubes of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Picosecond pulses at a repetition rate of 200 kHz are guided through an optical fiber toward an inchworm robot traveling inside the beam pipe. The system was installed, characterized, and tested for reliability. First surface treatments achieved the required scan precision. Cu2O-dominated nano-features were observed when processing at high average laser power (5 W) and slow scanning speed (5 mm s-1) in nitrogen flow, and the maximum SEY of copper was decreased from 2.1 to 0.7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Bez
- CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- University of Leipzig, Linnéstraße 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marcel Himmerlich
- CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - Benoit Beaudou
- GLOphotonics SAS, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas, 87000 Limoges, France
| | | | - Stefan Wackerow
- School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland
| | - Martino Rimoldi
- CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Pfeiffer
- CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - Markus Wiesendanger
- Waygate Technologies Robotics, Technoparkstrasse 1, 8005 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Fetah Benabid
- GLOphotonics SAS, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas, 87000 Limoges, France
| | - Mauro Taborelli
- CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - Amin Abdolvand
- School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland
| | - Paolo Chiggiato
- CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
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17
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Luo S, Song H, Ichihara F, Oshikiri M, Lu W, Tang DM, Li S, Li Y, Li Y, Davin P, Kako T, Lin H, Ye J. Light-Induced Dynamic Restructuring of Cu Active Sites on TiO 2 for Low-Temperature H 2 Production from Methanol and Water. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:20530-20538. [PMID: 37677133 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c06688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
The structure and configuration of reaction centers, which dominantly govern the catalytic behaviors, often undergo dynamic transformations under reaction conditions, yet little is known about how to exploit these features to favor the catalytic functions. Here, we demonstrate a facile light activation strategy over a TiO2-supported Cu catalyst to regulate the dynamic restructuring of Cu active sites during low-temperature methanol steam reforming. Under illumination, the thermally deactivated Cu/TiO2 undergoes structural restoration from inoperative Cu2O to the originally active metallic Cu caused by photoexcited charge carriers from TiO2, thereby leading to substantially enhanced activity and stability. Given the low-intensity solar irradiation, the optimized Cu/TiO2 displays a H2 production rate of 1724.1 μmol g-1 min-1, outperforming most of the conventional photocatalytic and thermocatalytic processes. Taking advantages of the strong light-matter-reactant interaction, we achieve in situ manipulation of the Cu active sites, suggesting the feasibility for real-time functionalization of catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunqin Luo
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Hui Song
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
- TJU-NIMS International Collaboration Laboratory, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Fumihiko Ichihara
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Mitsutake Oshikiri
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 3-13 Sakura, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0003, Japan
| | - Wenning Lu
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, P. R. China
| | - Dai-Ming Tang
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Sijie Li
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Yunxiang Li
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Yifan Li
- Vacuum Interconnected Nanotech Workstation (Nano-X), Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Philo Davin
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kako
- Hydrogen Production Catalyst Materials Group, Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials (GREEN), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Huiwen Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
| | - Jinhua Ye
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0814, Japan
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18
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Mohan B, Oh KH, Park K, Yusuf M, Park JC, Park KH, Youn B. Controlled Synthesis and Uniform Anchoring of Hollow Cu xO Nanocubes on Carbon Nanofiber for Enhanced Se(S)-Se(S) Bond Activation. Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 37498117 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we fabricated hollow cubic CuxO nanoparticles (∼23 nm) incorporated with CNF (HC-CuxO/CNF) through controlled thermal oxidation of solid cubic Cu2O nanoparticles (∼21 nm) supported on carbon nanofibers (SC-Cu2O/CNF) under airflow, exploiting the nanoscale Kirkendall effect. These hollow CuxO nanocubes with increased surface areas exhibited outstanding catalytic activity for unsymmetrical chalcogenide synthesis under ligand-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaji Mohan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Madanapalle Institute of Technology and Science, Madanapalle 517325, Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh, India
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Kyung Hee Oh
- Clean Fuel Research Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon 34129, Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Kyeongmun Park
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Mohammad Yusuf
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Ji Chan Park
- Clean Fuel Research Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon 34129, Korea
| | - Kang Hyun Park
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Buhyun Youn
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
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19
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Gontrani L, Bauer EM, Talone A, Missori M, Imperatori P, Tagliatesta P, Carbone M. CuO Nanoparticles and Microaggregates: An Experimental and Computational Study of Structure and Electronic Properties. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:4800. [PMID: 37445114 DOI: 10.3390/ma16134800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
The link between morphology and properties is well-established in the nanoparticle literature. In this report, we show that different approaches in the synthesis of copper oxide can lead to nanoparticles (NPs) of different size and morphology. The structure and properties of the synthesized NPs are investigated with powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). Through detailed SEM analyses, we were able to correlate the synthetic pathways with the particles' shape and aggregation, pointing out that bare hydrothermal pathways yield mainly spheroidal dandelion-like aggregates, whereas, if surfactants are added, the growth of the nanostructures along a preferential direction is promoted. The effect of the morphology on the electronic properties was evaluated through DRS, which allowed us to obtain the electron bandgap in every system synthesized, and to find that the rearrangement of threaded particles into more compact structures leads to a reduction in the energy difference. The latter result was compared with Density Functional Theory (DFT) computational models of small centrosymmetric CuO clusters, cut from the tenorite crystal structure. The computed UV-Vis absorption spectra obtained from the clusters are in good agreement with experimental findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Gontrani
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Elvira Maria Bauer
- Italian National Research Council-Institute of Structure of Matter (CNR-ISM), Via Salaria km 29.3, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Talone
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Missori
- Institute of Complex Systems, National Research Council (CNR-ISC) and Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Imperatori
- Italian National Research Council-Institute of Structure of Matter (CNR-ISM), Via Salaria km 29.3, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Pietro Tagliatesta
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Marilena Carbone
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Italian National Research Council-Institute of Structure of Matter (CNR-ISM), Via Salaria km 29.3, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
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20
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Swathilakshmi S, Devi R, Sai Gautam G. Performance of the r 2SCAN Functional in Transition Metal Oxides. J Chem Theory Comput 2023. [PMID: 37329316 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
We assess the accuracy and computational efficiency of the recently developed meta-generalized gradient approximation (metaGGA) functional, restored regularized strongly constrained and appropriately normed (r2SCAN), in transition metal oxide (TMO) systems and compare its performance against SCAN. Specifically, we benchmark the r2SCAN-calculated oxidation enthalpies, lattice parameters, on-site magnetic moments, and band gaps of binary 3d TMOs against the SCAN-calculated and experimental values. Additionally, we evaluate the optimal Hubbard U correction required for each transition metal (TM) to improve the accuracy of the r2SCAN functional, based on experimental oxidation enthalpies, and verify the transferability of the U values by comparing against experimental properties on other TM-containing oxides. Notably, including the U-correction with r2SCAN increases the lattice parameters, on-site magnetic moments, and band gaps of TMOs, apart from an improved description of the ground state electronic state in narrow band gap TMOs. The r2SCAN and r2SCAN+U calculated oxidation enthalpies follow the qualitative trends of SCAN and SCAN+U, with r2SCAN and r2SCAN+U predicting marginally larger lattice parameters, smaller magnetic moments, and lower band gaps compared to SCAN and SCAN+U, respectively. We observe the overall computational time (i.e., for all ionic+electronic steps) required for r2SCAN(+U) to be lower than SCAN(+U). Thus, the r2SCAN(+U) framework can offer a reasonably accurate description of the ground state properties of TMOs with better computational efficiency than SCAN(+U).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Swathilakshmi
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India
| | - Reshma Devi
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India
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Gnilitskyi I, Bellucci S, Marrani AG, Shepida M, Mazur A, Zozulya G, Kordan V, Babizhetskyy V, Sahraoui B, Kuntyi O. Femtosecond laser-induced nano- and microstructuring of Cu electrodes for CO 2 electroreduction in acetonitrile medium. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8837. [PMID: 37258634 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35869-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The dependency of CO2 reduction rate in acetonitrile-Bu4NClO4 solution on cathodes, which were modified by laser induction of a copper surface, was studied. The topography of laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) → grooves → spikes was successively formed by a certain number of pulses. It was proved that for a higher number of laser pulses, the surface area of the copper cathode increases and preferred platy orientation of the copper surface on [022] crystallografic direction and larger fluence values increase. At the same time, the content of copper (I) oxide on the surface of the copper cathode increases. Also, the tendency to larger fluency values is observed. It promotes the increase of cathodic current density for CO2 reduction, which reaches values of 14 mA cm-2 for samples with spikes surface structures at E = - 3.0 V upon a stable process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iaroslav Gnilitskyi
- Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandery Str., Lviv, 79013, Ukraine.
- "NoviNano Lab" LLC, 5 Pasternaka, Lviv, 79000, Ukraine.
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via E. Fermi 54, 00044, Frascati, Italy.
| | - Stefano Bellucci
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via E. Fermi 54, 00044, Frascati, Italy
| | - Andrea Giacomo Marrani
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", p.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariana Shepida
- Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandery Str., Lviv, 79013, Ukraine
| | - Artur Mazur
- Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandery Str., Lviv, 79013, Ukraine
| | - Galyna Zozulya
- Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandery Str., Lviv, 79013, Ukraine
| | - Vasyl Kordan
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 6 Kyryla i Mefodiya Str., Lviv, 79005, Ukraine
| | - Volodymyr Babizhetskyy
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 6 Kyryla i Mefodiya Str., Lviv, 79005, Ukraine
| | - Bouchta Sahraoui
- University of Angers, Photonics Laboratory of Angers LPhiA, SFR MATRIX, 2 Bd Lavoisier, 49045, Angers, France
| | - Orest Kuntyi
- Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandery Str., Lviv, 79013, Ukraine
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22
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Shen W, Li K, Zhang Y, Li Y, Lin Y. Catalytic properties of Cu-substituted LaMn1-yCuyO3 on styrene combustion. REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11144-023-02384-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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23
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Realizing Both Antibacterial Activity and Cytocompatibility in Silicocarnotite Bioceramic via Germanium Incorporation. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14030154. [PMID: 36976078 PMCID: PMC10054726 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14030154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of infective or potentially infectious bone defects is a critical problem in the orthopedic clinic. Since bacterial activity and cytocompatibility are always contrary factors, it is hard to have them both in one material. The development of bioactive materials with a good bacterial character and without sacrificing biocompatibility and osteogenic activity, is an interesting and valuable research topic. In the present work, the antimicrobial characteristic of germanium, GeO2 was used to enhance the antibacterial properties of silicocarnotite (Ca5(PO4)2SiO4, CPS). In addition, its cytocompatibility was also investigated. The results demonstrated that Ge–CPS can effectively inhibit the proliferation of both Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and it showed no cytotoxicity to rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs). In addition, as the bioceramic degraded, a sustainable release of germanium could be achieved, ensuring long-term antibacterial activity. The results indicated that Ge–CPS has excellent antibacterial activity compared with pure CPS, while no obvious cytotoxicity was observed, which could make it a promising candidate for the bone repair of infected bone defects.
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24
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Tatsuma T, Nakakido M, Ichinohe T, Kuroiwa Y, Tomioka K, Liu C, Miyamae N, Onuki T, Tsumoto K, Hashimoto K, Wakihara T. Inactivation and spike protein denaturation of novel coronavirus variants by Cu xO/TiO 2 nano-photocatalysts. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4033. [PMID: 36899059 PMCID: PMC10000351 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30690-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to reduce infection risk of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), we developed nano-photocatalysts with nanoscale rutile TiO2 (4-8 nm) and CuxO (1-2 nm or less). Their extraordinarily small size leads to high dispersity and good optical transparency, besides large active surface area. Those photocatalysts can be applied to white and translucent latex paints. Although Cu2O clusters involved in the paint coating undergo gradual aerobic oxidation in the dark, the oxidized clusters are re-reduced under > 380 nm light. The paint coating inactivated the original and alpha variant of novel coronavirus under irradiation with fluorescent light for 3 h. The photocatalysts greatly suppressed binding ability of the receptor binding domain (RBD) of coronavirus (the original, alpha and delta variants) spike protein to the receptor of human cells. The coating also exhibited antivirus effects on influenza A virus, feline calicivirus, bacteriophage Qβ and bacteriophage M13. The photocatalysts would be applied to practical coatings and lower the risk of coronavirus infection via solid surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsu Tatsuma
- School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan. .,Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan.
| | - Makoto Nakakido
- School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ichinohe
- Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
| | - Yoshinori Kuroiwa
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
| | - Kengo Tomioka
- Nippon Paint Co., Ltd, 4-1-15 Minamishinagawa, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 140-8675, Japan
| | - Chang Liu
- Nippon Paint Co., Ltd, 4-1-15 Minamishinagawa, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 140-8675, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Miyamae
- Nippon Paint Co., Ltd, 4-1-15 Minamishinagawa, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 140-8675, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Onuki
- School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kouhei Tsumoto
- School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan. .,Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
| | - Kazuhito Hashimoto
- School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Toru Wakihara
- School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
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25
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Oosthuizen DN, Weber IC. A Strategy to Enhance Humidity Robustness of p‐Type CuO Sensors for Breath Acetone Quantification. SMALL SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/smsc.202200096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dina N. Oosthuizen
- Particle Technology Laboratory Department of Mechanical & Process Engineering ETH Zurich CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Ines C. Weber
- Particle Technology Laboratory Department of Mechanical & Process Engineering ETH Zurich CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Clinical Nutrition University Hospital Zurich CH-8091 Zurich Switzerland
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26
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Song M, Zeng W, Li L, Wu X, Li G, Hu C. Effect of the Zr/Al Molar Ratio on the Performance of Cu/ZrO 2–Al 2O 3 Catalysts for Methanol Steam Reforming. Ind Eng Chem Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c04266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mouxiao Song
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P. R. China
| | - Wenqing Zeng
- College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, P. R. China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P. R. China
| | - Xueshuang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P. R. China
| | - Guiying Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P. R. China
| | - Changwei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P. R. China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, P. R. China
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27
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Duan J, Zhou Y, Ren Y, Liu F, Deng P, Yang M, Ge H, Gao J, Yang J, Qin Y. Effect of Electronic Structure over Late Transition-Metal M 1–N 4 Single-Atom Sites on Hydroxyl Radical-Induced Oxidations. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c06067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianglin Duan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Biology & Catalysis, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Yanan Zhou
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yujing Ren
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Biology & Catalysis, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Fenli Liu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Biology & Catalysis, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Pengcheng Deng
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Biology & Catalysis, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Man Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
| | - Huibin Ge
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Biology & Catalysis, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Biology & Catalysis, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yong Qin
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Biology & Catalysis, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
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28
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Peng CK, Lin YC, Chiang C, Qian Z, Huang YC, Dong CL, Li J, Chen CT, Hu Z, Chen SY, Lin YG. Zhang-Rice singlets state formed by two-step oxidation for triggering water oxidation under operando conditions. Nat Commun 2023; 14:529. [PMID: 36725864 PMCID: PMC9892518 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36317-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The production of ecologically compatible fuels by electrochemical water splitting is highly desirable for modern industry. The Zhang-Rice singlet is well known for the superconductivity of high-temperature superconductors cuprate, but is rarely known for an electrochemical catalyst. Herein, we observe two steps of surface reconstruction from initial catalytic inactive Cu1+ in hydrogen treated Cu2O to Cu2+ state and further to catalytic active Zhang-Rice singlet state during the oxygen evolution reaction for water splitting. The hydrogen treated Cu2O catalyst exhibits a superior catalytic activity and stability for water splitting and is an efficient rival of other 3d-transition-metal catalysts. Multiple operando spectroscopies indicate that Zhang-Rice singlet is real active species, since it appears only under oxygen evolution reaction condition. This work provides an insight in developing an electrochemical catalyst from catalytically inactive materials and improves understanding of the mechanism of a Cu-based catalyst for water oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Kuo Peng
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010 Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chang Lin
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010 Taiwan ,grid.410766.20000 0001 0749 1496National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 30076 Taiwan
| | - Chao‐Lung Chiang
- grid.410766.20000 0001 0749 1496National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 30076 Taiwan
| | - Zhengxin Qian
- grid.12955.3a0000 0001 2264 7233State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Yu-Cheng Huang
- grid.264580.d0000 0004 1937 1055Department of Physics, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, 25137 Taiwan
| | - Chung-Li Dong
- grid.264580.d0000 0004 1937 1055Department of Physics, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, 25137 Taiwan
| | - Jian‐Feng Li
- grid.12955.3a0000 0001 2264 7233State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Chien-Te Chen
- grid.410766.20000 0001 0749 1496National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 30076 Taiwan
| | - Zhiwei Hu
- grid.419507.e0000 0004 0491 351XMax-Planck-Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Str. 40, Dresden, 01187 Germany
| | - San-Yuan Chen
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010 Taiwan
| | - Yan-Gu Lin
- grid.410766.20000 0001 0749 1496National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 30076 Taiwan
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29
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Park MH, Kim MG, Ma JH, Jeong JH, Ha HJ, Kim W, Park S, Kang SJ. Enhancing the Performance of Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes Using Solution-Processable Highly Conductive Spinel Structure CuCo 2O 4 Hole Injection Layer. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:972. [PMID: 36769979 PMCID: PMC9919813 DOI: 10.3390/ma16030972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Charge imbalance in quantum-dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) causes emission degradation. Therefore, many studies focused on improving hole injection into the QLEDs-emitting layer owing to lower hole conductivity compared to electron conductivity. Herein, CuCo2O4 has a relatively higher hole conductivity than other binary oxides and can induce an improved charge balance. As the annealing temperature decreases, the valence band maximum (VBM) of CuCo2O4 shifts away from the Fermi energy level (EF), resulting in an enhanced hole injection through better energy level alignment with hole transport layer. The maximum luminance and current efficiency of the CuCo2O4 hole injection layer (HIL) of the QLED were measured as 93,607 cd/m2 and 11.14 cd/A, respectively, resulting in a 656% improvement in luminous performance of QLEDs compared to conventional metal oxide HIL-based QLEDs. These results demonstrate that the electrical properties of CuCo2O4 can be improved by adjusting the annealing temperature, suggesting that solution-processed spinel can be applied in various optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ho Park
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering for Information and Electronics, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
- Integrated Education Program for Frontier Materials (BK21 Four), Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Gye Kim
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering for Information and Electronics, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
- Integrated Education Program for Frontier Materials (BK21 Four), Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyun Ma
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering for Information and Electronics, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
- Integrated Education Program for Frontier Materials (BK21 Four), Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hyung Jeong
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering for Information and Electronics, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
- Integrated Education Program for Frontier Materials (BK21 Four), Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoun Ji Ha
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering for Information and Electronics, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
- Integrated Education Program for Frontier Materials (BK21 Four), Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonsik Kim
- Advanced Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Soohyung Park
- Advanced Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Nano & Information Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Jun Kang
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering for Information and Electronics, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
- Integrated Education Program for Frontier Materials (BK21 Four), Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
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Zhang L, Yang A, Ruan C, Jiang BP, Guo X, Liang H, Kuo WS, Shen XC. Copper-Nitrogen-Coordinated Carbon Dots: Transformable Phototheranostics from Precise PTT/PDT to Post-Treatment Imaging-Guided PDT for Residual Tumor Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:3253-3265. [PMID: 36598330 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c17525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Phototheranostics has attracted considerable attention in the fields of cancer diagnosis and treatment. However, the complete eradication of solid tumors using traditional phototheranostics is difficult because of the limited depth and range of laser irradiation. New phototheranostics enabling precise phototherapy and post-treatment imaging-guided programmed therapy for residual tumors is urgently required. Accordingly, this study developed a novel transformable phototheranostics by assembling hyaluronic acid (HA) with copper-nitrogen-coordinated carbon dots (CDs). In this transformable nanoplatform, named copper-nitrogen-CDs@HA, the HA component enables the specific targeting of cluster determinant (CD) 44-overexpressing tumor cells. In the tumor cells, redox glutathione converts Cu(II) (cupric ions) into Cu(I) (cuprous ions), which confers the novel transformable functionality to phototheranostics. Both in vitro and in vivo results reveal that the near-infrared-light-photoactivated CuII-N-CDs@HA could target CD44-overexpressing tumor cells for precise synergistic photothermal therapy and photodynamic therapy. This study is the first to observe that CuII-N-CDs@HA could escape from lysosomes and be transformed in situ into CuI-N-CDs@HA in tumor cells, with the d9 electronic configuration of Cu(II) changing to the d10 electronic configuration of Cu(I), which turns on their fluorescence and turns off their photothermal properties. This transformable phototheranostics could be used for post-treatment imaging-guided photodynamic therapy on residual tumor cells. Thus, the rationally designed copper-nitrogen-coordinated CDs offer a simple in situ transformation strategy for using multiple-stimulus-responsive precise phototheranostics in post-treatment monitoring of residual tumor cells and imaging-guided programmed therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Aijia Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Changping Ruan
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Bang-Ping Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolu Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Shuo Kuo
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Center for Allergy Immunology and Microbiome (AIM), China Medical University Children's Hospital/China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Xing-Can Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
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31
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Pauly N, Yubero F, Tougaard S. Determination of the Primary Excitation Spectra in XPS and AES. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:339. [PMID: 36678092 PMCID: PMC9865875 DOI: 10.3390/nano13020339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This paper reviews a procedure that allows for extracting primary photoelectron or Auger electron emissions from homogeneous isotropic samples. It is based on a quantitative dielectric description of the energy losses of swift electrons travelling nearby surfaces in presence of stationary positive charges. The theory behind the modeling of the electron energy losses, implemented in a freely available QUEELS-XPS software package, takes into account intrinsic and extrinsic effects affecting the electron transport. The procedure allows for interpretation of shake-up and multiplet structures on a quantitative basis. We outline the basic theory behind it and illustrate its capabilities with several case examples. Thus, we report on the angular dependence of the intrinsic and extrinsic Al 2s photoelectron emission from aluminum, the shake-up structure of the Ag 3d, Cu 2p, and Ce 3d photoelectron emission from silver, CuO and CeO2, respectively, and the quantification of the two-hole final states contributing to the L3M45M45 Auger electron emission of copper. These examples illustrate the procedure, that can be applied to any homogeneous isotropic material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Pauly
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Service de Métrologie Nucléaire (CP 165/84), 50 av. F. D. Roosevelt, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Francisco Yubero
- Institute of Materials Science of Sevilla (CSIC–Univ. Sevilla), Av. Américo Vespucio 49, E-41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Sven Tougaard
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark
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32
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Slobodchikov AA, Nekrasov IA, Begunovich LV, Makarov IA, Korshunov MM, Ovchinnikov SG. Electronic Structure and Minimal Models for Flat and Corrugated CuO Monolayers: An Ab Initio Study. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:658. [PMID: 36676396 PMCID: PMC9862436 DOI: 10.3390/ma16020658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
CuO atomic thin monolayer (mlCuO) was synthesized recently. Interest in the mlCuO is based on its close relation to CuO2 layers in typical high temperature cuprate superconductors. Here, we present the calculation of the band structure, the density of states and the Fermi surface of the flat mlCuO as well as the corrugated mlCuO within the density functional theory (DFT) in the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). In the flat mlCuO, the Cu-3dx2-y2 band crosses the Fermi level, while the Cu-3dxz,yz hybridized band is located just below it. The corrugation leads to a significant shift of the Cu-3dxz,yz hybridized band down in energy and a degeneracy lifting for the Cu-3dx2-y2 bands. Corrugated mlCuO is more energetically favorable than the flat one. In addition, we compared the electronic structure of the considered CuO monolayers with bulk CuO systems. We also investigated the influence of a crystal lattice strain (which might occur on some interfaces) on the electronic structure of both mlCuO and determined the critical strains of topological Lifshitz transitions. Finally, we proposed a number of different minimal models for the flat and the corrugated mlCuO using projections onto different Wannier functions basis sets and obtained the corresponding Hamiltonian matrix elements in a real space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly A. Slobodchikov
- Institute of Electrophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ural Branch, 620016 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Igor A. Nekrasov
- Institute of Electrophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ural Branch, 620016 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Lyudmila V. Begunovich
- Federal Research Center KSC SB RAS, Akademgorodok, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Kirensky Institute of Physics, Federal Research Center KSC SB RAS, Akademgorodok, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Ilya A. Makarov
- Kirensky Institute of Physics, Federal Research Center KSC SB RAS, Akademgorodok, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Maxim M. Korshunov
- Kirensky Institute of Physics, Federal Research Center KSC SB RAS, Akademgorodok, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Sergey G. Ovchinnikov
- Kirensky Institute of Physics, Federal Research Center KSC SB RAS, Akademgorodok, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
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33
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Eshete M, Li X, Yang L, Wang X, Zhang J, Xie L, Deng L, Zhang G, Jiang J. Charge Steering in Heterojunction Photocatalysis: General Principles, Design, Construction, and Challenges. SMALL SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/smsc.202200041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mesfin Eshete
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale School of Chemistry and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of China Jinzhai Road 96 Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
- Department of Industrial Chemistry College of Applied Sciences Nanotechnology Excellence Center Addis Ababa Science and Technology University P.O. Box 16417 Addis Ababa Ethiopia
| | - Xiyu Li
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale School of Chemistry and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of China Jinzhai Road 96 Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Li Yang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale School of Chemistry and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of China Jinzhai Road 96 Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Xijun Wang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale School of Chemistry and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of China Jinzhai Road 96 Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Jinxiao Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering Guilin University of Technology 12 Jian'gan Road Guilin Guangxi 541004 P. R. China
| | - Liyan Xie
- A Key Laboratory of the- Ministry of Education for Advanced- Catalysis Materials Department of Chemistry Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua Zhejiang 321004 P. R. China
| | - Linjie Deng
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale School of Chemistry and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of China Jinzhai Road 96 Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Guozhen Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale School of Chemistry and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of China Jinzhai Road 96 Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale School of Chemistry and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of China Jinzhai Road 96 Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
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34
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Lei G, Cheng W, Zhang T, Li Z, Zhang J. A Highly Effective Liquid-Solid Reaction for In Situ Preparation of Copper Azide. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:20105-20110. [PMID: 36417707 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Copper azide (CA) is a promising energetic material with characteristics of high energy output and environmental friendliness that can be used as a microinitiator charge, but the extreme sensitivities hinder its practical applications. In situ preparation of CA can avoiding operating on sensitive CA directly and depressed the risk of handling. However, it is still a challenge to develop a straightforward, high-efficiency in situ preparation method. Consequently, a simple and rapid liquid-solid reaction strategy for azidation has been proposed via the in situ transformation of Cu(OH)2 into CA in a hydrazoic acid aqueous solution. In situ preparation of CA on a Cu film was performed to demonstrate the application of this strategy in detail. The transformation was completed in 4 min, which significantly improved the efficiency for production of CA compared to previously reported methods. This work provides a facile and highly efficient method for the in situ preparation of CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guorong Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenchuan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Tonglai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhimin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing100081, People's Republic of China
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35
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Wang X, Liu Z, Deng H, Agrestini S, Chen K, Lee JF, Lin HJ, Chen CT, Choueikani F, Ohresser P, Wilhelm F, Rogalev A, Tjeng LH, Hu Z, Long Y. Comparative Study on the Magnetic and Transport Properties of B-Site Ordered and Disordered CaCu 3Fe 2Os 2O 12. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:16929-16935. [PMID: 36214839 PMCID: PMC9597663 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The B-site Fe/Os ordered and disordered quadruple perovskite oxides CaCu3Fe2Os2O12 were synthesized under different high-pressure and high-temperature conditions. The B-site ordered CaCu3Fe2Os2O12 is a system with a very high ferrimagnetic ordering temperature of 580 K having the Cu2+(↑)Fe3+(↑)Os5+(↓) charge and spin arrangement. In comparison, the highly disordered CaCu3Fe2Os2O12 has a reduced magnetic transition temperature of about 350 K. The Cu2+Fe3+Os5+ charge combination remains the same without any sign of changes in the valence state of the constituent ions. Although the average net moments of each sublattice are reduced, the average ferrimagnetic spin arrangement is unaltered. The robustness of the basic magnetic properties of CaCu3Fe2Os2O12 against site disorder may be taken as an indication of the tendency to maintain the short-range order of the atomic constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Max
Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden 01187, Germany
| | - Zhehong Liu
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School
of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongshan Deng
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Stefano Agrestini
- Max
Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden 01187, Germany
- ALBA
Synchrotron Light Source, Cerdanyola del Vall′es, Barcelona E-08290, Spain
| | - Kai Chen
- Max
Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden 01187, Germany
| | - Jyh-Fu Lee
- National
Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Ji Lin
- National
Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Te Chen
- National
Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Fadi Choueikani
- Synchrotron
SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex 91192, France
| | - Philippe Ohresser
- Synchrotron
SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex 91192, France
| | - Fabrice Wilhelm
- European
Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble 38043, France
| | - Andrei Rogalev
- European
Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble 38043, France
| | - Liu Hao Tjeng
- Max
Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden 01187, Germany
| | - Zhiwei Hu
- Max
Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden 01187, Germany
| | - Youwen Long
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School
of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan
Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
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36
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Möllers PV, Wei J, Salamon S, Bartsch M, Wende H, Waldeck DH, Zacharias H. Spin-Polarized Photoemission from Chiral CuO Catalyst Thin Films. ACS NANO 2022; 16:12145-12155. [PMID: 35943911 PMCID: PMC9413420 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c02709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect facilitates a paradigm shift for controlling the outcome and efficiency of spin-dependent chemical reactions, for example, photoinduced water splitting. While the phenomenon is established in organic chiral molecules, its emergence in chiral but inorganic, nonmolecular materials is not yet understood. Nevertheless, inorganic spin-filtering materials offer favorable characteristics, such as thermal and chemical stability, over organic, molecular spin filters. Chiral cupric oxide (CuO) thin films can spin polarize (photo)electron currents, and this capability is linked to the occurrence of the CISS effect. In the present work, chiral CuO films, electrochemically deposited on partially UV-transparent polycrystalline gold substrates, were subjected to deep-UV laser pulses, and the average spin polarization of photoelectrons was measured in a Mott scattering apparatus. By energy resolving the photoelectrons and changing the photoexcitation geometry, the energy distribution and spin polarization of the photoelectrons originating from the Au substrate could be distinguished from those arising from the CuO film. The findings reveal that the spin polarization is energy dependent and, furthermore, indicate that the measured polarization values can be rationalized as a sum of an intrinsic spin polarization in the chiral oxide layer and a contribution via CISS-related spin filtering of electrons from the Au substrate. The results support efforts toward a rational design of further spin-selective catalytic oxide materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul V. Möllers
- Department
of Physics and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jimeng Wei
- Chemistry
Department, University of Pittsburgh, 15260 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Soma Salamon
- Faculty
of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), Universität Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Bartsch
- Department
of Physics and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Heiko Wende
- Faculty
of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), Universität Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - David H. Waldeck
- Chemistry
Department, University of Pittsburgh, 15260 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Helmut Zacharias
- Department
of Physics and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
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37
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Zhu S, Li Z, Ren R, Zhao W, Li T, Liu M, Wu Y. Pd/Cu
2
O/CuO as Active Sites on the Cyclometalated Pd(II)/Cu(II) Nanosheet: Active Centre Formation, Synergistic and Catalytic Mechanism. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuiqing Zhu
- College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University, Kexuedadao 100 Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China
| | - Zihan Li
- College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University, Kexuedadao 100 Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China
| | - Ruirui Ren
- College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University, Kexuedadao 100 Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China
| | - Wuduo Zhao
- College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University, Kexuedadao 100 Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China
| | - Tiesheng Li
- College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University, Kexuedadao 100 Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China
| | - Minghua Liu
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology Zhengzhou University, Kexuedadao 100 Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province P.R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongguancun North First Street 2 Beijing 100190 P. R China
| | - Yangjie Wu
- College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University, Kexuedadao 100 Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China
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38
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Hassan HM, Alhumaimess MS, Alsohaimi IH, Mohamed SK, Aldosari OF, Alraddadi TS, Essawy AA. One-pot phyto-mediated combustion technicality for synthesizing Pd adorned Cu2O@CuO heterojunction with great efficiency in CO oxidation and epoxidation applications. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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39
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Refining of copper powder by a novel micro-abrasive milling method conducted in the air. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2022.103715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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40
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Effect of Ethylene Glycol: Citric Acid Molar Ratio and pH on the Morphology, Vibrational, Optical and Electronic Properties of TiO2 and CuO Powders Synthesized by Pechini Method. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15155266. [PMID: 35955201 PMCID: PMC9369947 DOI: 10.3390/ma15155266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
High-purity TiO2 and CuO powders were synthesized by the Pechini method, an inexpensive and easy-to-implement procedure to synthetize metal oxides. The variables of synthesis were the ethylene glycol:citric acid molar ratio and the pH. High reproducibility of the anatase and tenorite phase was obtained for all synthesis routes. The degree of purity of the powders was confirmed by XRD, FTIR, UV-Vis absorption and XPS spectra. SEM and TEM images revealed the powders are composed of micrometer grains that can have a spherical shape (only in the TiO2) or formed by a non-compacted nanocrystalline conglomerate. FTIR spectra only displayed vibrational modes associating TiO2 and CuO with nanoparticle behavior. UV-Vis absorption spectra revealed the values of maximum absorbance percentage of both systems are reached in the ultraviolet region, with percentages above 83% throughout the entire visible light spectrum for the CuO system, a relevant result for solar cell applications. Finally, XPS experiments allow the observation of the valence bands and the calculation of the energy bands of all oxides.
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41
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Charge Transfer Transitions and Circular Magnetooptics in Ferrites. MAGNETOCHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/magnetochemistry8080081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The concept of charge transfer (CT) transitions in ferrites is based on the cluster approach and takes into account the relevant interactions, such as the low-symmetry crystal field, spin–orbital, Zeeman, exchange and exchange-relativistic interactions. For all its simplicity, this concept yields a reliable qualitative and quantitative microscopic explanation of spectral, concentration, temperature and field dependencies of optic and magneto-optic properties ranging from the isotropic absorption and optical anisotropy to circular magneto-optics. In this review paper, starting with a critical analysis of the fundamental shortcomings of the “first-principles” density functional theory (DFT-based) band theory, we present the main ideas and techniques of the cluster theory of the CT transitions to be main contributors to circular magneto-optics of ferrites. Numerous examples of comparison of cluster theory with experimental data for orthoferrites, iron garnets and other ferrites are given.
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42
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Mosaferi M, Selles P, Miteva T, Ferté A, Carniato S. Interpretation of Shakeup Mechanisms in Copper L-Shell Photoelectron Spectra. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:4902-4914. [PMID: 35861575 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c01870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report on an original full ab initio quantum molecular approach designed to simulate Cu 2p X-ray photoelectron spectra. The description includes electronic relaxation/correlation and spin-orbit coupling effects and is implemented within nonorthogonal sets of molecular orbitals for the initial and final states. The underlying mechanism structuring the Cu 2p photoelectron spectra is clarified thanks to a correlation diagram applied to the CuO4C6H6 paradigm. This diagram illustrates how the energy drop of the Cu 3d levels following the creation of the Cu 2p core hole switches the nature of the highest singly occupied molecular orbital (H-SOMO) from dominant metal to dominant ligand character. It also reveals how the repositioning of the Cu 3d levels induces the formation of new bonding and antibonding orbitals from which shakeup mechanisms toward the relaxed H-SOMO operate. The specific nature, ligand → ligand and metal → ligand, of these excitations building the satellite lines is exposed. Our approach finally applied to the real Cu(acac)2 system clearly demonstrates how a definite interpretation of the XPS spectra can be obtained when a correct evaluation of binding energies, intensities, and relative widths of the spectral lines is achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mosaferi
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement (LCPMR), UMR 7614, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - P Selles
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement (LCPMR), UMR 7614, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - T Miteva
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement (LCPMR), UMR 7614, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - A Ferté
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement (LCPMR), UMR 7614, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - S Carniato
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement (LCPMR), UMR 7614, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
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43
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Grishin MV, Gatin AK, Kharitonov VA, Ozerin SA, Sarvadii SY, Shub BR. Interaction of Gases with Single Clusters of Gold and Copper-based Nanoparticles in the Presence of Electric Fields. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s199079312232001x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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44
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The heterostructure of ceria and hybrid transition metal oxides with high electrocatalytic performance for water splitting and enzyme-free glucose detection. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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45
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Shao Y, Kosari M, Xi S, Zeng HC. Single Solid Precursor-Derived Three-Dimensional Nanowire Networks of CuZn-Silicate for CO 2 Hydrogenation to Methanol. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shao
- Integrative Sciences and Engineering Program, NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, 119260, Singapore
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, 119260, Singapore
| | - Mohammadreza Kosari
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, 119260, Singapore
| | - Shibo Xi
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, 627833, Singapore
| | - Hua Chun Zeng
- Integrative Sciences and Engineering Program, NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, 119260, Singapore
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, 119260, Singapore
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46
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliano Moretti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza” Roma Italy
| | - Horst P. Beck
- Fachbereich Chemie der Universität des Saarlandes Saarbrücken Germany
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47
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Pandey PH, Pawar HS. Mingled Metal Oxides Catalyst for Direct Carbonylation of Glycerol into Glycerol Carbonate. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202104264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Preeti H. Pandey
- DBT-ICT Centre for Energy Biosciences Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga Mumbai 400 019 India
| | - Hitesh S. Pawar
- DBT-ICT Centre for Energy Biosciences Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga Mumbai 400 019 India
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48
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Kundu A, Adak MK, Kumar Y, Chakraborty B. Electrochemically Derived Crystalline CuO from Covellite CuS Nanoplates: A Multifunctional Anode Material. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:4995-5009. [PMID: 35293211 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the present era, electrochemical water splitting has been showcased as a reliable solution for alternative and sustainable energy development. The development of a cheap, albeit active, catalyst to split water at a substantial overpotential with long durability is a perdurable challenge. Moreover, understanding the nature of surface-active species under electrochemical conditions remains fundamentally important. A facile hydrothermal approach is herein adapted to prepare covellite (hexagonal) phase CuS nanoplates. In the covellite CuS lattice, copper is present in a mixed-valent state, supported by two different binding energy values (932.10 eV for CuI and 933.65 eV for CuII) found in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis, and adopted two different geometries, that is, trigonal planar preferably for CuI and tetrahedral preferably for CuII. The as-synthesized covellite CuS behaves as an efficient electro(pre)catalyst for alkaline water oxidation while deposited on a glassy carbon and nickel foam (NF) electrodes. Under cyclic voltammetry cycles, covellite CuS electrochemically and irreversibly oxidized to CuO, indicated by a redox feature at 1.2 V (vs the reversible hydrogen electrode) and an ex situ Raman study. Electrochemically activated covellite CuS to the CuO phase (termed as CuSEA) behaves as a pure copper-based catalyst showing an overpotential (η) of only 349 (±5) mV at a current density of 20 mA cm-2, and the TOF value obtained at η349 (at 349 mV) is 1.1 × 10-3 s-1. A low Rct of 5.90 Ω and a moderate Tafel slope of 82 mV dec-1 confirm the fair activity of the CuSEA catalyst compared to the CuS precatalyst, reference CuO, and other reported copper catalysts. Notably, the CuSEA/NF anode can deliver a constant current of ca. 15 mA cm-2 over a period of 10 h and even a high current density of 100 mA cm-2 for 1 h. Post-oxygen evolution reaction (OER)-chronoamperometric characterization of the anode via several spectroscopic and microscopic tools firmly establishes the formation of crystalline CuO as the active material along with some amorphous Cu(OH)2 via bulk reconstruction of the covellite CuS under electrochemical conditions. Given the promising OER activity, the CuSEA/NF anode can be fabricated as a water electrolyzer, Pt(-)//(+)CuSEA/NF, that delivers a j of 10 mA cm-2 at a cell potential of 1.58 V. The same electrolyzer can further be used for electrochemical transformation of organic feedstocks like ethanol, furfural, and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to their respective acids. The present study showcases that a highly active CuO/Cu(OH)2 heterostructure can be constructed in situ on NF from the covellite CuS nanoplate, which is not only a superior pure copper-based electrocatalyst active for OER and overall water splitting but also for the electro-oxidation of industrial feedstocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinava Kundu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Mrinal Kanti Adak
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Yogesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Biswarup Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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Wang Z, Ren D, Shang S, Zhang S, Zhang X, Chen W. Novel synthesis of Cu-HAP/SiO2@carbon nanocomposites as heterogeneous catalysts for Fenton-like oxidation of 2,4-DCP. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2022.103509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Dan S, Chatterjee S, Paramanik S, Pal AJ. Necessity of Quantifying Urbach Energy through Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:1660-1667. [PMID: 35147437 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this Letter, we introduce scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) to quantify the Urbach energy (EU) in disordered semiconductors. The technique enabled us to gain precise information on the extending component of conduction and valence band-edges responsible for Urbach tailing, individually; such information has been obtained from the width of band-energy-histograms drawn from STS studies at many different points. STS, as a probing method at the microscopic scale to derive EU, is in contrast to commonly employed optical spectroscopy studies which provide information at the macroscopic scale. A comparison between Urbach energy values from optical studies and distribution of band-edges obtained from STS revealed the inherent inaccuracies involved in the optical characterization process. We have considered copper oxide (CuxO) thin films in this regard; we show that through STS and the associated density of state (DOS) spectra, we can derive accurate information on the band-edges' distribution leading to EU in different phases of the binary oxide thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soirik Dan
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Soumyo Chatterjee
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Subham Paramanik
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Amlan J Pal
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore 452001, India
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