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Reinecke A, Flaig IC, Lozano YM, Rillig MC, Hilker M. Drought induces moderate, diverse changes in the odour of grassland species. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024; 221:114040. [PMID: 38428627 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Plants react to drought stress with numerous changes including altered emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOC) from leaves, which provide protection against oxidative tissue damage and mediate numerous biotic interactions. Despite the share of grasslands in the terrestrial biosphere, their importance as carbon sinks and their contribution to global biodiversity, little is known about the influence of drought on VOC profiles of grassland species. Using coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, we analysed the odorants emitted by 22 European grassland species exposed to an eight-week-lasting drought treatment (DT; 30% water holding capacity, WHC). We focused on the odorants emitted during the light phase from whole plant shoots in their vegetative stage. Emission rates were standardised to the dry weight of each shoot. Well-watered (WW) plants (70% WHC) served as control. Drought-induced significant changes included an increase in total emission rates of plant VOC in six and a decrease in three species. Diverging effects on the number of emitted VOC (chemical richness) or on the Shannon diversity of the VOC profiles were detected in 13 species. Biosynthetic pathways-targeted analyses revealed 13 species showing drought-induced higher emission rates of VOC from one, two, three, or four major biosynthetic pathways (lipoxygenase, shikimate, mevalonate and methylerythritol phosphate pathway), while six species exhibited reduced emission rates from one or two of these pathways. Similarity trees of odorant profiles and their drought-induced changes based on a biosynthetically informed distance metric did not match species phylogeny. However, a phylogenetic signal was detected for the amount of terpenoids released by the studied species under WW and DT conditions. A comparative analysis of emission rates of single compounds released by WW and DT plants revealed significant VOC profile dissimilarities in four species only. The moderate drought-induced changes in the odorant emissions of grassland species are discussed with respect to their impact on trophic interactions across the food web. (294 words).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Reinecke
- Freie Universität Berlin, Inst. of Biology, Applied Zoology/Animal Ecology, Haderslebener Str. 9, 12163, Berlin, Germany; Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 6, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Isabelle C Flaig
- Freie Universität Berlin, Inst. of Biology, Applied Zoology/Animal Ecology, Haderslebener Str. 9, 12163, Berlin, Germany; Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yudi M Lozano
- Freie Universität Berlin, Inst. of Biology, Plant Ecology, Altensteinstr. 6, 14195, Berlin, Germany; Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias C Rillig
- Freie Universität Berlin, Inst. of Biology, Plant Ecology, Altensteinstr. 6, 14195, Berlin, Germany; Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Monika Hilker
- Freie Universität Berlin, Inst. of Biology, Applied Zoology/Animal Ecology, Haderslebener Str. 9, 12163, Berlin, Germany; Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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2
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Voothuluru P, Wu Y, Sharp RE. Not so hidden anymore: Advances and challenges in understanding root growth under water deficits. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:1377-1409. [PMID: 38382086 PMCID: PMC11062450 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koae055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Limited water availability is a major environmental factor constraining plant development and crop yields. One of the prominent adaptations of plants to water deficits is the maintenance of root growth that enables sustained access to soil water. Despite early recognition of the adaptive significance of root growth maintenance under water deficits, progress in understanding has been hampered by the inherent complexity of root systems and their interactions with the soil environment. We highlight selected milestones in the understanding of root growth responses to water deficits, with emphasis on founding studies that have shaped current knowledge and set the stage for further investigation. We revisit the concept of integrated biophysical and metabolic regulation of plant growth and use this framework to review central growth-regulatory processes occurring within root growth zones under water stress at subcellular to organ scales. Key topics include the primary processes of modifications of cell wall-yielding properties and osmotic adjustment, as well as regulatory roles of abscisic acid and its interactions with other hormones. We include consideration of long-recognized responses for which detailed mechanistic understanding has been elusive until recently, for example hydrotropism, and identify gaps in knowledge, ongoing challenges, and opportunities for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Voothuluru
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Yajun Wu
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Robert E Sharp
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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3
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Ding Y, Zhang X, Li J, Wang R, Chen J, Kong L, Li X, Yang Z, Zhuang L. Transcriptome-Based Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis Reveals the Photosynthesis Pathway and Hub Genes Involved in Promoting Tiller Growth under Repeated Drought-Rewatering Cycles in Perennial Ryegrass. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:854. [PMID: 38592951 PMCID: PMC10976046 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Drought stress, which often occurs repeatedly across the world, can cause multiple and long-term effects on plant growth. However, the repeated drought-rewatering effects on plant growth remain uncertain. This study was conducted to determine the effects of drought-rewatering cycles on aboveground growth and explore the underlying mechanisms. Perennial ryegrass plants were subjected to three watering regimes: well-watered control (W), two cycles of drought-rewatering (D2R), and one cycle of drought-rewatering (D1R). The results indicated that the D2R treatment increased the tiller number by 40.9% and accumulated 28.3% more aboveground biomass compared with W; whereas the D1R treatment reduced the tiller number by 23.9% and biomass by 42.2% compared to the W treatment. A time-course transcriptome analysis was performed using crown tissues obtained from plants under D2R and W treatments at 14, 17, 30, and 33 days (d). A total number of 2272 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. In addition, an in-depth weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was carried out to investigate the relationship between RNA-seq data and tiller number. The results indicated that DEGs were enriched in photosynthesis-related pathways and were further supported by chlorophyll content measurements. Moreover, tiller-development-related hub genes were identified in the D2R treatment, including F-box/LRR-repeat MAX2 homolog (D3), homeobox-leucine zipper protein HOX12-like (HOX12), and putative laccase-17 (LAC17). The consistency of RNA-seq and qRT-PCR data were validated by high Pearson's correlation coefficients ranging from 0.899 to 0.998. This study can provide a new irrigation management strategy that might increase plant biomass with less water consumption. In addition, candidate photosynthesis and hub genes in regulating tiller growth may provide new insights for drought-resistant breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjia Ding
- College of Agro-Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.D.)
| | - Xiaxiang Zhang
- College of Agro-Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.D.)
| | - Jialei Li
- College of Agro-Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.D.)
| | - Ruying Wang
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Jie Chen
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lingna Kong
- National Experimental Teaching Center for Plant Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhimin Yang
- College of Agro-Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.D.)
| | - Lili Zhuang
- College of Agro-Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.D.)
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Donnelly CP, De Sousa A, Cuypers B, Laukens K, Al-Huqail AA, Asard H, Beemster GTS, AbdElgawad H. Malate production, sugar metabolism, and redox homeostasis in the leaf growth zone of Rye (Secale cereale) increase stress tolerance to aluminum stress: A biochemical and genome-wide transcriptional study. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 464:132956. [PMID: 37976853 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Global soil acidification is increasing, enlarging aluminum (Al) availability in soils, leading to reductions in plant growth. This study investigates the effect of Al stress on the leaf growth zones of Rye (Secale cereale, cv Beira). Kinematic analysis showed that the effect of Al on leaf growth rates was mainly due to a reduced cell production rate in the meristem. Transcriptomic analysis identified 2272 significantly (log2fold > |0.5| FDR < 0.05) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for Al stress. There was a downregulation in several DEGs associated with photosynthetic processes and an upregulation in genes for heat/light response, and H2O2 production in all leaf zones. DEGs associated with heavy metals and malate transport were increased, particularly, in the meristem. To determine the putative function of these processes in Al tolerance, we performed biochemical analyses comparing the tolerant Beira with an Al sensitive variant RioDeva. Beira showed improved sugar metabolism and redox homeostasis, specifically in the meristem compared to RioDeva. Similarly, a significant increase in malate and citrate production, which are known to aid in Al detoxification in plants, was found in Beira. This suggests that Al tolerance in Rye is linked to its ability for Al exclusion from the leaf meristem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chase P Donnelly
- ADReM Data Lab, Department of Computer Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2020, Belgium
| | - Alexandra De Sousa
- Laboratory for Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2020, Belgium
| | - Bart Cuypers
- ADReM Data Lab, Department of Computer Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2020, Belgium
| | - Kris Laukens
- ADReM Data Lab, Department of Computer Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2020, Belgium
| | - Asma A Al-Huqail
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Han Asard
- Laboratory for Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2020, Belgium
| | - Gerrit T S Beemster
- Laboratory for Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2020, Belgium
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Laboratory for Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2020, Belgium; Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt.
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5
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Lainé CMS, AbdElgawad H, Beemster GTS. Cellular dynamics in the maize leaf growth zone during recovery from chilling depends on the leaf developmental stage. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:38. [PMID: 38200224 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03116-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE A novel non-steady-state kinematic analysis shows differences in cell division and expansion determining a better recovery from a 3-day cold spell in emerged compared to non-emerged maize leaves. Zea mays is highly sensitive to chilling which frequently occurs during its seedling stage. Although the direct effect of chilling is well studied, the mechanisms determining the subsequent recovery are still unknown. Our goal is to determine the cellular basis of the leaf growth response to chilling and during recovery of leaves exposed before or after their emergence. We first studied the effect of a 3-day cold spell on leaf growth at the plant level. Then, we performed a kinematic analysis to analyse the dynamics of cell division and elongation during recovery of the 4th leaf after exposure to cold before or after emergence. Our results demonstrated cold more strongly reduced the final length of non-emerged than emerged leaves (- 13 vs. - 18%). This was not related to growth differences during cold, but a faster and more complete recovery of the growth of emerged leaves. This difference was due to a higher cell division rate on the 1st and a higher cell elongation rate on the 2nd day of recovery, respectively. The dynamics of cell division and expansion during recovery determines developmental stage-specific differences in cold tolerance of maize leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy M S Lainé
- Laboratory for Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, Antwerp University, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Laboratory for Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, Antwerp University, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Gerrit T S Beemster
- Laboratory for Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, Antwerp University, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium.
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Zhang Z, Qu J, Lu M, Zhao X, Xu Y, Wang L, Liu Z, Shi Y, Liu C, Li Y, Wang C, Xu M, Nan Z, Cao Q, Pan J, Liu W, Li X, Sun Q, Wang W. The maize transcription factor CCT regulates drought tolerance by interacting with Fra a 1, E3 ligase WIPF2, and auxin response factor Aux/IAA8. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:103-122. [PMID: 37725963 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Plants are commonly exposed to abiotic stressors, which can affect their growth, productivity, and quality. Previously, the maize transcription factor ZmCCT was shown to be involved in the photoperiod response, delayed flowering, and quantitative resistance to Gibberella stalk rot. In this study, we demonstrate that ZmCCT can regulate plant responses to drought. ZmCCT physically interacted with ZmFra a 1, ZmWIPF2, and ZmAux/IAA8, which localized to the cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus, respectively, both in vitro and in vivo in a yeast two-hybrid screen in response to abiotic stress. Notably, ZmCCT recruits ZmWIPF2 to the nucleus, which has strong E3 self-ubiquitination activity dependent on its RING-H2 finger domain in vitro. When treated with higher indole-3-acetic acid/abscisic acid ratios, the height and root length of Y331-ΔTE maize plants increased. Y331-ΔTE plants exhibited increased responses to exogenously applied auxin or ABA compared to Y331 plants, indicating that ZmCCT may be a negative regulator of ABA signalling in maize. In vivo, ZmCCT promoted indole-3-acetic acid biosynthesis in ZmCCT-overexpressing Arabidopsis. RNA-sequencing and DNA affinity purification-sequencing analyses showed that ZmCCT can regulate the expression of ZmRD17, ZmAFP3, ZmPP2C, and ZmARR16 under drought. Our findings provide a detailed overview of the molecular mechanism controlling ZmCCT functions and highlight that ZmCCT has multiple roles in promoting abiotic stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoheng Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayue Qu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Min Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Li Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongjia Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Chaotian Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yipu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National Maize Improvement Center, Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Agricultural College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National Maize Improvement Center, Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingliang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National Maize Improvement Center, Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhangjie Nan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Qingqin Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jinbao Pan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Wende Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinrui Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Qingpeng Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Weixiang Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
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7
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Samanta S, Seth CS, Roychoudhury A. The molecular paradigm of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) with different phytohormone signaling pathways during drought stress in plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 206:108259. [PMID: 38154293 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Drought is undoubtedly a major environmental constraint that negatively affects agricultural yield and productivity throughout the globe. Plants are extremely vulnerable to drought which imposes several physiological, biochemical and molecular perturbations. Increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in different plant organs is one of the inevitable consequences of drought. ROS and RNS are toxic byproducts of metabolic reactions and poise oxidative stress and nitrosative stress that are detrimental for plants. In spite of toxic effects, these potentially active radicals also play a beneficial role in mediating several signal transduction events that lead to plant acclimation and enhanced survival under harsh environmental conditions. The precise understanding of ROS and RNS signaling and their molecular paradigm with different phytohormones, such as auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, abscisic acid, ethylene, brassinosteroids, strigolactones, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid and melatonin play a pivotal role for maintaining plant fitness and resilience to counteract drought toxicity. Therefore, the present review provides an overview of integrated systemic signaling between ROS, RNS and phytohormones during drought stress based on past and recent advancements and their influential role in conferring protection against drought-induced damages in different plant species. Indeed, it would not be presumptuous to hope that the detailed knowledge provided in this review will be helpful for designing drought-tolerant crop cultivars in the forthcoming times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Samanta
- Post Graduate Department of Biotechnology, St. Xavier's College (Autonomous), 30, Mother Teresa Sarani, Kolkata, 700016, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Aryadeep Roychoudhury
- Discipline of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, Indira Gandhi National Open University, Maidan Garhi, New Delhi, 110068, India.
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8
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El-Shafey NM, Avramova V, Beemster GTS, Korany SM, AbdElgawad H. B 2 O 3 nanoparticles alleviate salt stress in maize leaf growth zones by enhancing photosynthesis and maintaining mineral and redox status. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14033. [PMID: 37882299 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress induces significant loss in crop yield worldwide. Although the growth-stimulating effects of micronutrient nanoparticles (NPs) application under salinity have been studied, the molecular and biochemical mechanisms underlying these effects are poorly understood. The large size of maize leaf growth zones provides an ideal model system to sample and investigate the molecular and physiological bases of growth at subzonal resolution. Using kinematic analysis, our study indicated that salinity at 150 mM inhibited maize leaf growth by decreasing cell division and expansion in the meristem and elongation zones. Consistently, salinity downregulated cell cycle gene expression (wee1, mcm4, and cyclin-B2-4). B2 O3 NP (BNP) mitigated the stress-induced growth inhibition by reducing the decrease in cell division and expansion. BNP also enhanced the photosynthesis-related parameters. Simultaneously, chlorophyll, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase were stimulated in the mature zone. Concomitant with growth stimulation by BNP, mineral homeostasis, particularly for B and Ca, was monitored. BNP reduced oxidative stress (e.g., lessened H2 O2 generation along the leaf zones and reduced lipid peroxidation in the mature zone) induced by salinity. This resulted from better maintenance of the redox status, that is, increased the glutathione-ascorbate cycle in the meristem and elongation zones, and flavonoids and tocopherol levels in the mature zone. Our study has important implications for assessing the salinity stress impact mitigated by BNP on maize growth, providing a basis to improve the resilience of crop species under salinity stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Mohamed El-Shafey
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Viktoriya Avramova
- Department of Biology, Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Gerrit T S Beemster
- Department of Biology, Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Shereen Magdy Korany
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
- Department of Biology, Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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9
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Xu X, Fonseca de Lima CF, Vu LD, De Smet I. When drought meets heat - a plant omics perspective. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1250878. [PMID: 37674736 PMCID: PMC10478009 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1250878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Changes in weather patterns with emerging drought risks and rising global temperature are widespread and negatively affect crop growth and productivity. In nature, plants are simultaneously exposed to multiple biotic and abiotic stresses, but most studies focus on individual stress conditions. However, the simultaneous occurrence of different stresses impacts plant growth and development differently than a single stress. Plants sense the different stress combinations in the same or in different tissues, which could induce specific systemic signalling and acclimation responses; impacting different stress-responsive transcripts, protein abundance and modifications, and metabolites. This mini-review focuses on the combination of drought and heat, two abiotic stress conditions that often occur together. Recent omics studies indicate common or independent regulators involved in heat or drought stress responses. Here, we summarize the current research results, highlight gaps in our knowledge, and flag potential future focus areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Xu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Cassio Flavio Fonseca de Lima
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lam Dai Vu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ive De Smet
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
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10
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Semida WM, Abd El-Mageed TA, Gyushi MAH, Abd El-Mageed SA, Rady MM, Abdelkhalik A, Merah O, Sabagh AE, El-Metwally IM, Sadak MS, Abdelhamid MT. Exogenous Selenium Improves Physio-Biochemical and Performance of Drought-Stressed Phaseolus vulgaris Seeded in Saline Soil. SOIL SYSTEMS 2023; 7:67. [DOI: 10.3390/soilsystems7030067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Water and salt stresses are among the most important global problems that limit the growth and production of several crops. The current study aims at the possibility of mitigating the effect of deficit irrigation of common bean plants growing in saline lands by foliar spraying with selenium via the assessment of growth, productivity, physiological, and biochemical measurements. In our study, two field-based trials were conducted in 2017 and 2018 to examine the influence of three selenium (Se) concentrations (0 (Se0), 25 (Se25), and 50 mg L−1 (Se50)) on common bean plants grown under full irrigation (I100 = 100% of the crop evapotranspiration; ETc) and deficit irrigation (I80 = 80% of ETc, and I60 = 60% of ETc). Bean plants exposed to water stress led to a notable reduction in growth, yield, water productivity (WP), water status, SPAD value, and chlorophyll a fluorescence features (Fv/Fm and PI). However, foliar spraying of selenium at 25 or 50 mg L−1 on stressed bean plants attenuated the harmful effects of water stress. The findings suggest that foliage application of 25 or 50 mg L−1 selenium to common bean plants grown under I80 resulted in a higher membrane stability index, relative water content, SPAD chlorophyll index, and better efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm, and PI). Water deficit at 20% increased the WP by 17%; however, supplementation of 25 or 50 mg L−1 selenium mediated further increases in WP up to 26%. Exogenous application of selenium (25 mg L−1 or 50 mg L−1) to water-stressed bean plants elevated the plant defense system component, given that it increased the free proline, ascorbic acid, and glutathione levels, as well as antioxidant enzymes (SOD, APX, GPX, and CAT). It was concluded that the application of higher levels (25 or/and 50 mg L−1) of Se improves plant water status as well as the growth and yield of common beans cultivated in saline soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael M. Semida
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | - Taia A. Abd El-Mageed
- Soil and Water Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A. H. Gyushi
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | | | - Mostafa M. Rady
- Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | | | - Othmane Merah
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, 31030 Toulouse, France
- Département Génie Biologique, Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III, IUT A, 32000 Auch, France
| | - Ayman El Sabagh
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Siirt University, 56100 Siirt, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim M. El-Metwally
- Botany Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Behouth Street, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Mervat Sh. Sadak
- Botany Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Behouth Street, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Magdi T. Abdelhamid
- Botany Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Behouth Street, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, 370 Olsen Blvd., College Station, TX 77843-2474, USA
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Mahmud S, Kamruzzaman M, Bhattacharyya S, Alharbi K, Abd El Moneim D, Mostofa MG. Acetic acid positively modulates proline metabolism for mitigating PEG-mediated drought stress in Maize and Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1167238. [PMID: 37538054 PMCID: PMC10394635 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1167238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Osmotic imbalance is one of the major consequences of drought stress, negatively affecting plant growth and productivity. Acetic acid has modulatory roles in osmotic balance in plants; however, the mechanistic insights into acetic acid-mediated osmotic adjustment under drought stress remains largely unknown. Methods Here, we investigated how seed priming and seedling root treatment with acetic acid enabled maize plants overcoming polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced drought effects. Results Maize seeds primed with acetic acid showed better growth performance when compared with unprimed seeds under PEG application. This growth performance was mainly attributed to improved growth traits, such as fresh weight, dry weight, length of shoots and roots, and several leaf spectral indices, including normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and chlorophyll absorption in reflectance index (MCARI). The levels of oxidative stress indicators hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) did not alter significantly among the treatments, but proline content as well as the expression of proline biosynthetic gene, Δ1-PYRROLINE-5-CARBOXYLATE SYNTHETASE 1 (P5CS1) was significantly elevated in plants receiving acetic acid under PEG-treatments. On the other hand, treating the seedlings root with acetic acid led to a significant recovery of maize plants from drought-induced wilting. Although growth traits remained unchanged among the treatments, the enhancement of leaf water content, photosynthetic rate, proline level, expression of P5CS1, and antioxidant enzyme activities along with reduced level of H2O2 and MDA in acetic acid-supplemented drought plants indicated a positive regulatory role of acetic acid in maize tolerance to drought. Moreover, the high expression of P5CS1 and the subsequent elevation of proline level upon acetic acid application were further validated using wild type and proline biosynthetic mutant p5cs1 of Arabidopsis. Results showed that acetic acid application enabled wild type plants to maintain better phenotypic appearance and recovery from drought stress than p5cs1 plants, suggesting a crosstalk between acetic acid and proline metabolism in plants under drought stress. Discussion Our results highlight the molecular and intrinsic mechanisms of acetic acid conferring plant tolerance to drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakil Mahmud
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Kamruzzaman
- Department of Plant Breeding, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Sabarna Bhattacharyya
- Plant Cell Biology, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Khadiga Alharbi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Diaa Abd El Moneim
- Department of Plant Production (Genetic Branch), Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Arish University, El-Arish, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Golam Mostofa
- Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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12
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Vennam RR, Ramamoorthy P, Poudel S, Reddy KR, Henry WB, Bheemanahalli R. Developing Functional Relationships between Soil Moisture Content and Corn Early-Season Physiology, Growth, and Development. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2471. [PMID: 37447032 DOI: 10.3390/plants12132471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Drought is a severe threat to agriculture production that affects all growth stages of plants, including corn (Zea mays L.). Any factor affecting early seedling growth and development will significantly impact yield. Despite the recurrence of low rainfall during the growing seasons, corn responses to different early-season soil moisture content levels have not been investigated. In this study, we investigated how corn morpho-physiological and biomass traits responded to varied soil moisture content during the early vegetative stage. Two corn hybrids were grown in a pot-culture facility under five different soil moisture treatments (0.15, 0.12, 0.09, 0.06, and 0.03 m3 m-3 volumetric water content, VWC) to assess the growth and developmental responses to varied soil moisture content during early-season growth (V2 to V7) stage. Sub-optimal soil moisture content limited plant growth and development by reducing physiological and phenotypic expression. Stomatal conductance and transpiration were decreased by an average of 65% and 59% across stress treatments relative to optimum conditions. On average, soil moisture deficit reduced the total leaf area by 71% and 72% compared to the control in 'A6659VT2RIB' and 'P1316YHR', respectively. Shoot and root dry weights were reduced by 74% and 43% under 0.03 m3 m-3 VWC. An increase in the root-to-shoot ratio was noticed under low VWC conditions compared to the control. Based on the stress tolerance index, the physiology and leaf growth parameters were more sensitive to soil moisture deficit. Our results highlight the impact of sub-optimal soil moisture on physiology and morphological traits during early-season growth. 'P1316YHR' demonstrated better physiological performance under stress conditions, while 'A6659VT2RIB' produced relatively better root growth. The findings suggest that biomass partitioning between shoot and root components is dynamic and depends on stress intensity. The current findings can help to prioritize traits associated with the early-season drought tolerance in corn. The functional relationships developed between soil moisture content and growth and developmental responses can be integrated into corn crop modeling to allow better irrigation management decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranadheer Reddy Vennam
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | | | - Sadikshya Poudel
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Kambham Raja Reddy
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - William Brien Henry
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Raju Bheemanahalli
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
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13
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Stefanov M, Rashkov G, Borisova P, Apostolova E. Sensitivity of the Photosynthetic Apparatus in Maize and Sorghum under Different Drought Levels. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12091863. [PMID: 37176921 PMCID: PMC10180982 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the main environmental stress factors affecting plant growth and yield. The impact of different PEG concentrations on the photosynthetic performance of maize (Zea mays L. Mayflower) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Foehn) was investigated. The activity of the photosynthetic apparatus was assessed using chlorophyll fluorescence (PAM and JIP test) and photooxidation of P700. The data revealed that water deficiency decreased the photochemical quenching (qP), the ratio of photochemical to nonphotochemical processes (Fv/Fo), the effective quantum yield of the photochemical energy conversion in PSII (ΦPSII), the rate of the electron transport (ETR), and the performance indexes PItotal and PIABS, as the impact was stronger in sorghum than in maize and depended on drought level. The PSI photochemistry (P700 photooxidation) in sorghum was inhibited after the application of all studied drought levels, while in maize, it was registered only after treatment with higher PEG concentrations (30% and 40%). Enhanced regulated energy losses (ΦNPQ) and activation of the state transition under drought were also observed in maize, while in sorghum, an increase mainly in nonregulated energy losses (ΦNO). A decrease in pigment content and relative water content and an increase in membrane damage were also registered after PEG treatment. The experimental results showed better drought tolerance of maize than sorghum. This study provides new information about the role of regulated energy losses and state transition for the protection of the photosynthetic apparatus under drought and might be a practical approach to the determination of the drought tolerance of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Stefanov
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Georgi Rashkov
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Preslava Borisova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Emilia Apostolova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
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14
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Sierra J, Escobar-Tovar L, Leon P. Plastids: diving into their diversity, their functions, and their role in plant development. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:2508-2526. [PMID: 36738278 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Plastids are a group of essential, heterogenous semi-autonomous organelles characteristic of plants that perform photosynthesis and a diversity of metabolic pathways that impact growth and development. Plastids are remarkably dynamic and can interconvert in response to specific developmental and environmental cues, functioning as a central metabolic hub in plant cells. By far the best studied plastid is the chloroplast, but in recent years the combination of modern techniques and genetic analyses has expanded our current understanding of plastid morphological and functional diversity in both model and non-model plants. These studies have provided evidence of an unexpected diversity of plastid subtypes with specific characteristics. In this review, we describe recent findings that provide insights into the characteristics of these specialized plastids and their functions. We concentrate on the emerging evidence that supports the model that signals derived from particular plastid types play pivotal roles in plant development, environmental, and defense responses. Furthermore, we provide examples of how new technologies are illuminating the functions of these specialized plastids and the overall complexity of their differentiation processes. Finally, we discuss future research directions such as the use of ectopic plastid differentiation as a valuable tool to characterize factors involved in plastid differentiation. Collectively, we highlight important advances in the field that can also impact future agricultural and biotechnological improvement in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Sierra
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca 62210, México
| | - Lina Escobar-Tovar
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca 62210, México
| | - Patricia Leon
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca 62210, México
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15
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Jiang Y, Su S, Chen H, Li S, Shan X, Li H, Liu H, Dong H, Yuan Y. Transcriptome analysis of drought-responsive and drought-tolerant mechanisms in maize leaves under drought stress. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e13875. [PMID: 36775906 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Maize is a major crop essential for food and feed, but its production is threatened by various biotic and abiotic stresses. Drought is one of the most common abiotic stresses, causing severe crop yield reduction. Although several studies have been devoted to selecting drought-tolerant maize lines and detecting the drought-responsive mechanism of maize, the transcriptomic differences between drought-tolerant and drought-susceptible maize lines are still largely unknown. In our study, RNA-seq was performed on leaves of the drought-tolerant line W9706 and the drought-susceptible line B73 after drought treatment. We identified 3147 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between these two lines. The upregulated DEGs in W9706 were enriched in specific processes, including ABA signaling, wax biosynthesis, CHO metabolism, signal transduction and brassinosteroid biosynthesis-related processes, while the downregulated DEGs were enriched in specific processes, such as stomatal movement. Altogether, transcriptomic analysis suggests that the different drought resistances were correlated with the differential expression of genes, while the drought tolerance of W9706 is due to the more rapid response to stimulus, higher water retention capacity and stable cellular environment under water deficit conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Jiang
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Crop Biotechnology Breeding, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shengzhong Su
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Crop Biotechnology Breeding, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Crop Biotechnology Breeding, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shipeng Li
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Crop Biotechnology Breeding, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaohui Shan
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Crop Biotechnology Breeding, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - He Li
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Crop Biotechnology Breeding, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongkui Liu
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Crop Biotechnology Breeding, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haixiao Dong
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Crop Biotechnology Breeding, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yaping Yuan
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Crop Biotechnology Breeding, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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16
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Wang H, Zhong L, Fu X, Huang S, Zhao D, He H, Chen X. Physiological analysis reveals the mechanism of accelerated growth recovery for rice seedlings by nitrogen application after low temperature stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1133592. [PMID: 36875613 PMCID: PMC9978396 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1133592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Low temperature and overcast rain are harmful to directly seeding early rice, it can hinder rice growth and lower rice biomass during the seedling stage, which in turn lowers rice yield. Farmers usually use N to help rice recuperate after stress and minimize losses. However, the effect of N application on the growth recovery for rice seedlings after such low temperature stress and its associated physiological changes remain unclearly. Two temperature settings and four post-stress N application levels were used in a bucket experiment to compare B116 (strong growth recovery after stress) with B144 (weak growth recovery). The results showed that the stress (average daily temperature at 12°C for 4 days) inhibited the growth of rice seedlings. Compared to the zero N group, the N application group's seedling height, fresh weight and dry weight significantly increased after 12 days. In particular, the increases in all three growth indicators were relatively higher than that of N application at normal temperature, indicating the importance of N application to rice seedlings after low temperature stress. The antioxidant enzyme activity of rice seedlings increased significantly after N application, which reduced the damaging effect of ROS (reactive oxygen species) to rice seedlings. At the same time, the soluble protein content of seedlings showed a slow decrease, while the H2O2 and MDA (malondialdehyde) content decreased significantly. Nitrogen could also promote nitrogen uptake and utilization by increasing the expression of genes related to NH 4 + and NO 3 - uptake and transport, as well as improving the activity of NR (nitrate reductase) and GS (glutamine synthetase) in rice. N could affect GA3 (gibberellin A3) and ABA (abscisic acid) levels by regulating the anabolism of GA3 and ABA. The N application group maintained high ABA levels as well as low GA3 levels from day 0 to day 6, and high GA3 levels as well as low ABA levels from day 6 to day 12. The two rice varieties showed obvious characteristics of accelerated growth recovery and positive physiological changes by nitrogen application after stress, while B116 generally showed more obvious growth recovery and stronger growth-related physiological reaction than that of B144. The N application of 40 kg hm-2 was more conducive to the rapid recovery of rice growth after stress. The above results indicated that appropriate N application promoted rice seedling growth recovery after low temperature stress mainly by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes and nitrogen metabolizing enzymes as well as regulating the levels of GA3 and ABA. The results of this study will provide a reference for the regulation of N on the recovery of rice seedling growth after low temperature and weak light stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Super Rice Engineering Technology Center, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lei Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Super Rice Engineering Technology Center, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoquan Fu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Super Rice Engineering Technology Center, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shiying Huang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Super Rice Engineering Technology Center, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Desheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Super Rice Engineering Technology Center, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Haohua He
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Super Rice Engineering Technology Center, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaorong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Super Rice Engineering Technology Center, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
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17
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Khan R, Ma X, Hussain Q, Chen K, Farooq S, Asim M, Ren X, Shah S, Shi Y. Transcriptome and anatomical studies reveal alterations in leaf thickness under long-term drought stress in tobacco. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 281:153920. [PMID: 36680840 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.153920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the foremost environmental factors that limit the growth of plants. Leaf thickness (LT) is an important quantitative trait in plant physiology. The experiment was carried out in a growth room and the plants were divided into two groups such as well-watered and drought-stressed. This work investigated leaf growth in terms of leaf surface growth and expansion rate, leaf stomata traits, LT, anticlinal growth, and leaf cell layers. The results showed that the leaf area and leaf surface expansion rate were decreased by drought stress (DS). Similarly, LT, anticlinal expansion rate, palisade and spongy tissue thickness, and their related expansion rates were also decreased at different days' time points (DTP) of DS. However, a steady increase was observed in the aforementioned parameters after 12 DTP of DS. The stomatal density increased while stomata size decreased at 3 DTP and 12 DTP (low leaf water potential and relative leaf water content at these time points) and vice versa at 24 DTP compared with the well-watered plants indicating adaptations in these traits in response to DS, and thus the leaf water status played a role in the regulation of leaf stomata traits. The cell length decreased in the upper epidermis, palisade and spongy tissues by DS up to 12 DTP led to lower LT while an increase was observed after 12 DTP that resulted in higher LT. The increase in the LT was supported by the upregulation of starch and sucrose metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism, protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum pathways at 18 DTP along with the differentially expressed genes induced that were related to cell wall remodeling (cellulose, expansin, xyloglucans) and cell expansion (auxin response factors and aquaporin). The results explain the response of leaf thickness to drought stress and show alterations in LT and leaf stomatal traits. This study might serve as a valuable source of gene information for functional studies and provide a theoretical basis to understand leaf growth in terms of leaf anatomy and leaf stomatal traits under drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayyan Khan
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Xinghua Ma
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China.
| | - Quaid Hussain
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Keling Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Saqib Farooq
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Muhammad Asim
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Xiaochun Ren
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Shahen Shah
- Department of Agronomy, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25130, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Yi Shi
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China.
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Puppala N, Nayak SN, Sanz-Saez A, Chen C, Devi MJ, Nivedita N, Bao Y, He G, Traore SM, Wright DA, Pandey MK, Sharma V. Sustaining yield and nutritional quality of peanuts in harsh environments: Physiological and molecular basis of drought and heat stress tolerance. Front Genet 2023; 14:1121462. [PMID: 36968584 PMCID: PMC10030941 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1121462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Climate change is significantly impacting agricultural production worldwide. Peanuts provide food and nutritional security to millions of people across the globe because of its high nutritive values. Drought and heat stress alone or in combination cause substantial yield losses to peanut production. The stress, in addition, adversely impact nutritional quality. Peanuts exposed to drought stress at reproductive stage are prone to aflatoxin contamination, which imposes a restriction on use of peanuts as health food and also adversely impact peanut trade. A comprehensive understanding of the impact of drought and heat stress at physiological and molecular levels may accelerate the development of stress tolerant productive peanut cultivars adapted to a given production system. Significant progress has been achieved towards the characterization of germplasm for drought and heat stress tolerance, unlocking the physiological and molecular basis of stress tolerance, identifying significant marker-trait associations as well major QTLs and candidate genes associated with drought tolerance, which after validation may be deployed to initiate marker-assisted breeding for abiotic stress adaptation in peanut. The proof of concept about the use of transgenic technology to add value to peanuts has been demonstrated. Advances in phenomics and artificial intelligence to accelerate the timely and cost-effective collection of phenotyping data in large germplasm/breeding populations have also been discussed. Greater focus is needed to accelerate research on heat stress tolerance in peanut. A suits of technological innovations are now available in the breeders toolbox to enhance productivity and nutritional quality of peanuts in harsh environments. A holistic breeding approach that considers drought and heat-tolerant traits to simultaneously address both stresses could be a successful strategy to produce climate-resilient peanut genotypes with improved nutritional quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Puppala
- Agricultural Science Center at Clovis, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, United States
- *Correspondence: Naveen Puppala,
| | - Spurthi N. Nayak
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India
| | - Alvaro Sanz-Saez
- Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Charles Chen
- Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Mura Jyostna Devi
- USDA-ARS Vegetable Crops Research, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Nivedita Nivedita
- Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Yin Bao
- Biosystems Engineering Department, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Guohao He
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, United States
| | - Sy M. Traore
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, United States
| | - David A. Wright
- Department of Biotechnology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Manish K. Pandey
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Telangana, India
| | - Vinay Sharma
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Telangana, India
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An Overview of Molecular Basis and Genetic Modification of Floral Organs Genes: Impact of Next-Generation Sequencing. Mol Biotechnol 2022; 65:833-848. [DOI: 10.1007/s12033-022-00633-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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20
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Devi MJ, Reddy VR, Timlin D. Drought-Induced Responses in Maize under Different Vapor Pressure Deficit Conditions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2771. [PMID: 36297794 PMCID: PMC9611867 DOI: 10.3390/plants11202771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Water stress in plants depends on the soil water level and the evaporative demand. In this study, the physiological, biochemical, and molecular response of maize were examined under three evaporative demand conditions (low—1.00 kPa, medium—2.2 kPa, and high—4.00 kPa Vapor pressure deficit (VPD)) at three different soil water content (SWC); well-watered, 45%, and 35% SWC. Plants grown at 35% SWC under high VPD had significant (p < 0.01) lower leaf weight, leaf area, and leaf number than low VPD. Plants under low, medium, and high VPD with drought stress (45% and 35% SWC) showed a 30 to 60% reduction in their leaf area compared to well-watered plants. Gas exchange parameters including photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and water use efficiency exhibited significant differences (p < 0.01) between treatments, with the highest reduction occuring at 35% SWC and high VPD. Both drought and VPD significantly (p < 0.01) increased C4 enzyme levels and some transcription factors with increased stress levels. Transcription factors primarily related to Abssisic Acid (ABA) synthesis were upregulated under drought, which might be related to high ABA levels. In summary, severe drought levels coupled with high VPD had shown a significant decrease in plant development by modifying enzymes, ABA, and transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mura Jyostna Devi
- USDA-ARS, Adaptive Cropping Systems Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
- USDA-ARS, Vegetable Crops Research Unit, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | | | - Dennis Timlin
- USDA-ARS, Adaptive Cropping Systems Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
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Peršić V, Ament A, Antunović Dunić J, Drezner G, Cesar V. PEG-induced physiological drought for screening winter wheat genotypes sensitivity - integrated biochemical and chlorophyll a fluorescence analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:987702. [PMID: 36311092 PMCID: PMC9597320 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.987702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to screen different winter wheat genotypes at the onset of metabolic changes induced by water deficit to comprehend possible adaptive features of photosynthetic apparatus function and structure to physiological drought. The drought treatment was the most influential variable affecting plant growth and relative water content, and genotype variability determined with what intensity varieties of winter wheat seedlings responded to water deficit. PEG-induced drought, as expected, changed phenomenological energy fluxes and the efficiency with which an electron is transferred to final PSI acceptors. Based on the effect size, fluorescence parameters were grouped to represent photochemical parameters, that is, the donor and acceptor side of PSII (PC1); the thermal phase of the photosynthetic process, or the electron flow around PSI, and the chain of electrons between PSII and PSI (PC2); and phenomenological energy fluxes per cross-section (PC3). Furthermore, four distinct clusters of genotypes were discerned based on their response to imposed physiological drought, and integrated analysis enabled an explanation of their reactions' specificity. The most reliable JIP-test parameters for detecting and comparing the drought impact among tested genotypes were the variable fluorescence at K, L, I step, and PITOT. To conclude, developing and improving screening methods for identifying and evaluating functional relationships of relevant characteristics that are useful for acclimation, acclimatization, and adaptation to different types of drought stress can contribute to the progress in breeding research of winter wheat drought-tolerant lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Peršić
- Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Anita Ament
- Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | | | - Georg Drezner
- Department of Small Cereal Crops, Agricultural Institute Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Vera Cesar
- Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
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22
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Wang H, Zhong L, Fu X, Huang S, Fu H, Shi X, Hu L, Cai Y, He H, Chen X. Physiological and Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal the Mechanisms of Compensatory Growth Ability for Early Rice after Low Temperature and Weak Light Stress. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11192523. [PMID: 36235390 PMCID: PMC9570567 DOI: 10.3390/plants11192523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
“Late spring coldness” (T) is a frequent meteorological disaster in the spring in southern China, often causing severe yield losses of direct-seeded early rice. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the differences in the compensatory growth ability of different rice genotypes by focusing on agronomic traits, physiological indicators, and transcriptome. The results showed that there were significant differences in the compensatory growth recovery ability of different genotypes after a combination of four days of low temperature and weak light stress. Only the strong compensatory growth genotype B116 was able to grow rapidly and reduce soluble protein and H2O2 concentrations rapidly after stress. By analyzing enzyme activity as well as endogenous hormone concentration, we found that the high superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) activities and high levels of abscisic acid (ABA) could reduce the damage of B116 during stress. Meanwhile, higher glutamine synthetase (GS) and nitrate reductase (NR) activity and higher levels of gibberellin A3(GA3), indoleacetic acid (IAA), and zeatin nucleoside (ZR) could enable B116 to grow rapidly after stress. The identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) indicated that there were large differences in POD-related genes and gibberellin metabolism between B116 and B144 after stress; RT-PCR quantification also showed a trend consistent with RNA-seq, which may be an important reason for the differences in compensatory growth ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Jiangxi Super Rice Engineering Technology Center, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Lei Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Jiangxi Super Rice Engineering Technology Center, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Xiaoquan Fu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Jiangxi Super Rice Engineering Technology Center, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Shiying Huang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Jiangxi Super Rice Engineering Technology Center, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Haihui Fu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Jiangxi Super Rice Engineering Technology Center, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Xiang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Jiangxi Super Rice Engineering Technology Center, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Lifang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Jiangxi Super Rice Engineering Technology Center, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Yicong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Jiangxi Super Rice Engineering Technology Center, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Haohua He
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Jiangxi Super Rice Engineering Technology Center, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Xiaorong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Jiangxi Super Rice Engineering Technology Center, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Correspondence:
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23
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Lin S, Song XF, Mao HT, Li SQ, Gan JY, Yuan M, Zhang ZW, Yuan S, Zhang HY, Su YQ, Chen YE. Exogenous melatonin improved photosynthetic efficiency of photosystem II by reversible phosphorylation of thylakoid proteins in wheat under osmotic stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:966181. [PMID: 35982696 PMCID: PMC9380962 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.966181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
It has been well demonstrated that melatonin plays an important protective role in photosynthesis of plants under various environmental stresses, while the detailed mechanisms by which melatonin protects photosystem II (PSII) under environmental stress are still unclear. In the study, the effects of melatonin on photosynthetic efficiency, energy dissipation, PSII protein composition, and reversible phosphorylation of thylakoid proteins were investigated in wheat plants under osmotic stress. The results showed that osmotic stress significantly reduced pigment content, photochemical efficiency of PSII, oxygen-evolving activity, and dissipation of excess excitation energy, while 25 μM melatonin applications greatly alleviated their decline under osmotic stress. Western blot data of PSII proteins revealed that melatonin upregulated the levels of D1, Lhcb5, Lhcb6, PsbQ, and PsbS proteins in wheat exposed to osmotic stress. In addition, thylakoid membrane proteins were strongly phosphorylated in wheat under osmotic stress with or without melatonin. Furthermore, the results from PSII protein dephosphorylation showed that exogenous melatonin promoted the dephosphorylation of LCHII, CP43, and D1 under osmotic stress. Therefore, our findings suggest that melatonin can provide an effective protection for the photosynthetic apparatus by the regulation of PSII proteins and the reversible phosphorylation of thylakoid proteins under drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Song
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, China
| | - Hao-Tian Mao
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, China
| | - Shuang-Qing Li
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, China
| | - Jie-Ying Gan
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, China
| | - Ming Yuan
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, China
| | - Zhong-Wei Zhang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shu Yuan
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huai-Yu Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, China
| | - Yan-Qiu Su
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang-Er Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, China
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24
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Modeling reveals posttranscriptional regulation of GA metabolism enzymes in response to drought and cold. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2121288119. [PMID: 35878042 PMCID: PMC9351370 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2121288119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The hormone gibberellin (GA) controls plant growth and regulates growth responses to environmental stress. In monocotyledonous leaves, GA controls growth by regulating division-zone size. We used a systems approach to investigate the establishment of the GA distribution in the maize leaf growth zone to understand how drought and cold alter leaf growth. By developing and parameterizing a multiscale computational model that includes cell movement, growth-induced dilution, and metabolic activities, we revealed that the GA distribution is predominantly determined by variations in GA metabolism. Considering wild-type and UBI::GA20-OX-1 leaves, the model predicted the peak in GA concentration, which has been shown to determine division-zone size. Drought and cold modified enzyme transcript levels, although the model revealed that this did not explain the observed GA distributions. Instead, the model predicted that GA distributions are also mediated by posttranscriptional modifications increasing the activity of GA 20-oxidase in drought and of GA 2-oxidase in cold, which we confirmed by enzyme activity measurements. This work provides a mechanistic understanding of the role of GA metabolism in plant growth regulation.
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25
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Pipatsitee P, Theerawitaya C, Tiasarum R, Samphumphuang T, Singh HP, Datta A, Cha-Um S. Physio-morphological traits and osmoregulation strategies of hybrid maize (Zea mays) at the seedling stage in response to water-deficit stress. PROTOPLASMA 2022; 259:869-883. [PMID: 34581924 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-021-01707-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Drought has been identified as a major factor restricting maize productivity worldwide, especially in the rainfed areas. The objective of the present study was to investigate the physiological adaptation strategies and sugar-related gene expression levels in three maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes with different drought tolerance abilities (Suwan4452, drought tolerant as a positive check; S7328, drought susceptible as a negative check; Pac339, drought susceptible) at the seedling stage. Ten-day old seedlings of maize genotypes were subjected to (i) well-watered (WW) or control and (ii) water-deficit (WD) conditions. Leaf osmotic potential of cv. S7328 under WD was significantly decreased by 1.35-1.45 folds compared with cv. Pac339 under WW, whereas it was retained in cv. Suwan4452, which utilized total soluble sugars as the major osmolytes for maintaining leaf greenness, Fv/Fm, ΦPSII, and stomatal function (Pn, net photosynthetic rate; gs, stomatal conductance; and E, transpiration rate). Interestingly, sucrose degradation (65% over the control) in cv. Pac339 under WD was evident in relation to the downregulation of the ZmSPS1 level, whereas glucose enrichment (1.65 folds over the control) was observed in relation to the upregulation of ZmSPS1 and ZmSUS1. Moreover, CWSI (crop water stress index), calculated from leaf temperature of stressed plants, was negatively correlated with E, gs, and Pn. Overall, growth characteristics, aboveground and belowground parts, in the drought-susceptible cv. Pac339 and cv. S7328, were significantly decreased (> 25% over the control), whereas these parameters in the drought-tolerant cv. Suwan4452 were unaffected. The study validates the use of leaf temperature, CWSI, Pn, gs, and E as sensitive parameters and overall growth characters as effective indices for drought tolerance screening in maize genotypes at the seedling stage. However, further experiments are required to validate the results observed in this study under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyanan Pipatsitee
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Cattarin Theerawitaya
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Rujira Tiasarum
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Thapanee Samphumphuang
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Harminder Pal Singh
- Department of Environment Studies, Faculty of Science, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Avishek Datta
- Agricultural Systems and Engineering, Department of Food, Agriculture and Bioresources, School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Khlong Luang, 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Suriyan Cha-Um
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand.
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26
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Liu Y, Lu L, Zhang Y, Yin Q, Yi N, Qaseem MF, Li H, Wu AM. Potassium deficiency inhibits leaf growth and promotes leaf necrotic spots in Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:1256-1268. [PMID: 34940885 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpab172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Leaves, being a key plant organ involved in photosynthesis, play an important role in plant growth and development. Although there have been a few studies on the effects of potassium (K+) deficiency on the leaves of woody plants, knowledge about mechanism of necrotic spot formation on leaves during K+ deficiency is scarce. We used a hydroponics setup to understand the effects of K+ deficiency on Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser. K+ deficiency resulted in smaller leaves and necrotic spots on the older leaves, whereas regulatory modules of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in cell proliferation, cell cycle and cell expansion were downregulated. K+ deficiency increased the activity of reactive oxygen species scavenging enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidases and malondialdehyde, and expression of DEGs related to these was also upregulated. Strong diaminobenzidine staining was observed on the older leaves showing accumulation of H2O2 during K+ deficiency treatment. In addition, putrescine and ethylene synthesis genes were upregulated. Fifteen DEGs in response to ethylene signaling, including ETR1, ETR2, EBF1, ERF1 and ERF2, were upregulated in the third week. The leaf growth changes caused by K+ deficiency in N. cadamba were well demonstrated by our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architectures, South China Agricultural University, No.483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lu Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architectures, South China Agricultural University, No.483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architectures, South China Agricultural University, No.483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qi Yin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architectures, South China Agricultural University, No.483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Na Yi
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architectures, South China Agricultural University, No.483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Mirza Faisal Qaseem
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architectures, South China Agricultural University, No.483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Huiling Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architectures, South China Agricultural University, No.483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ai-Min Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architectures, South China Agricultural University, No.483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, No. 483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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27
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Berrío RT, Nelissen H, Inzé D, Dubois M. Increasing yield on dry fields: molecular pathways with growing potential. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 109:323-341. [PMID: 34695266 PMCID: PMC7612350 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress constitutes one of the major constraints to agriculture all over the world, and its devastating effect is only expected to increase in the following years due to climate change. Concurrently, the increasing food demand in a steadily growing population requires a proportional increase in yield and crop production. In the past, research aimed to increase plant resilience to severe drought stress. However, this often resulted in stunted growth and reduced yield under favorable conditions or moderate drought. Nowadays, drought tolerance research aims to maintain plant growth and yield under drought conditions. Overall, recently deployed strategies to engineer drought tolerance in the lab can be classified into a 'growth-centered' strategy, which focuses on keeping growth unaffected by the drought stress, and a 'drought resilience without growth penalty' strategy, in which the main aim is still to boost drought resilience, while limiting the side effects on plant growth. In this review, we put the scope on these two strategies and some molecular players that were successfully engineered to generate drought-tolerant plants: abscisic acid, brassinosteroids, cytokinins, ethylene, ROS scavenging genes, strigolactones, and aquaporins. We discuss how these pathways participate in growth and stress response regulation under drought. Finally, we present an overview of the current insights and future perspectives in the development of new strategies to improve drought tolerance in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Tenorio Berrío
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hilde Nelissen
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dirk Inzé
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
- Corresponding Author: Dirk Inzé VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology Technologiepark 71 B-9052 Ghent (Belgium) Tel.: +32 9 3313800; Fax: +32 9 3313809;
| | - Marieke Dubois
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
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28
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Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Regulatory Networks for Osmotic Water Stress and Rewatering Response in the Leaves of Ginkgo biloba. FORESTS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/f12121705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
To elucidate the transcriptomic regulation mechanisms that underlie the response of Ginkgo biloba to dehydration and rehydration, we used ginkgo saplings exposed to osmotically driven water stress and subsequent rewatering. When compared with a control group, 137, 1453, 1148, and 679 genes were differentially expressed in ginkgo leaves responding to 2, 6, 12, and 24 h of water deficit, and 796 and 1530 genes were differentially expressed responding to 24 and 48 h of rewatering. Upregulated genes participated in the biosynthesis of abscisic acid, eliminating reactive oxygen species (ROS), and biosynthesis of flavonoids and bilobalide, and downregulated genes were involved in water transport and cell wall enlargement in water stress-treated ginkgo leaves. Under rehydration conditions, the genes associated with water transport and cell wall enlargement were upregulated, and the genes that participated in eliminating ROS and the biosynthesis of flavonoids and bilobalide were downregulated in the leaves of G. biloba. Furthermore, the weighted gene coexpression networks were established and correlated with distinct water stress and rewatering time-point samples. Hub genes that act as key players in the networks were identified. Overall, these results indicate that the gene coexpression networks play essential roles in the transcriptional reconfiguration of ginkgo leaves in response to water stress and rewatering.
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Mahmoud A, AbdElgawad H, Hamed BA, Beemster GT, El-Shafey NM. Differences in Cadmium Accumulation, Detoxification and Antioxidant Defenses between Contrasting Maize Cultivars Implicate a Role of Superoxide Dismutase in Cd Tolerance. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1812. [PMID: 34829683 PMCID: PMC8614887 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a readily absorbed and translocated toxic heavy metal, inhibits plant growth, interrupts metabolic homeostasis and induces oxidative damage. Responses towards Cd-stress differ among plant cultivars, and the complex integrated relationships between Cd accumulation, detoxification mechanisms and antioxidant defenses still need to be unraveled. To this end, 12 Egyptian maize cultivars were grown under Cd-stress to test their Cd-stress tolerance. Out of these cultivars, tolerant (TWC360 and TWC321), moderately sensitive (TWC324) and sensitive (SC128) cultivars were selected, and we determined their response to Cd in terms of biomass, Cd accumulation and antioxidant defense system. The reduction in biomass was highly obvious in sensitive cultivars, while TWC360 and TWC321 showed high Cd-tolerance. The cultivar TWC321 showed lower Cd uptake concurrently with an enhanced antioxidant defense system. Interestingly, TWC360 accumulated more Cd in the shoot, accompanied with increased Cd detoxification and sequestration. A principal component analysis revealed a clear separation between the sensitive and tolerant cultivars with significance of the antioxidant defenses, including superoxide dismutase (SOD). To confirm the involvement of SOD in Cd-tolerance, we studied the effect of Cd-stress on a transgenic maize line (TG) constitutively overexpressing AtFeSOD gene in comparison to its wild type (WT). Compared to their WT, the TG plants showed less Cd accumulation and improved growth, physiology, antioxidant and detoxification systems. These results demonstrate the role of SOD in determining Cd-tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Mahmoud
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt; (A.M.); (H.A.); (B.A.H.)
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt; (A.M.); (H.A.); (B.A.H.)
| | - Badreldin A. Hamed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt; (A.M.); (H.A.); (B.A.H.)
| | - Gerrit T.S. Beemster
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium;
| | - Nadia M. El-Shafey
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt; (A.M.); (H.A.); (B.A.H.)
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Impact of Trichoderma asperellum on Chilling and Drought Stress in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). HORTICULTURAE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae7100385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The acceleration of climate change is necessitating the adoption of shifts in farming practices and technology to ensure the sustainability of agricultural production and food security. Because abiotic stresses such as drought and chilling represent major constraints on agricultural productivity worldwide, in this study, the mitigation of such stresses by the fungus Trichoderma asperellum HK703 was evaluated. The fungus was grown on whole grain oats, kaolin and vermiculite for 5 days and then the formulation was mixed with the potting soil to colonize the roots of the plants. The effect of the bioinoculant on tomato under drought or chilling was analyzed in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants. Leaf, stem and root succulence, electrolyte leakage, the relative growth rate of plant height, stem thickness and leaf area, as well new leaf emergence and chlorophyll content were determined. The results showed that drought or chilling increased electrolyte leakage and reduced plant growth and development traits and chlorophyll (a,b) content. However, inoculation with T. asperellum eliminated or reduced most of the negative impacts of drought compared to the non-stressed plants, with the exception of chlorophyll b content. Furthermore, inoculation with T. asperellum improved some of the evaluated features in chilling stressed plants but had no effect on plant height or chlorophyll (a,b) content. The results of this study indicate that T. asperellum was more effective in alleviating drought than chilling stress in tomato plants.
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Strable J, Nelissen H. The dynamics of maize leaf development: Patterned to grow while growing a pattern. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 63:102038. [PMID: 33940553 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2021.102038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Leaves are a significant component of the shoot system in grasses, functioning in light capture and photosynthesis. Leaf width, length, and angle are expressions of development that collectively define canopy architecture. Thus, the distinctive morphology of grass leaves is an interdependent readout of developmental patterning and growth along the proximal-distal, medial-lateral, and adaxial-abaxial axes. Here, we review the chronology of patterning and growth, namely along the proximal-distal axis, during maize leaf development. We underscore that patterning and growth occur simultaneously, making use of shared developmental gradients and molecular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josh Strable
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA 27695.
| | - Hilde Nelissen
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052, Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
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Seed Halo-Priming Improves Seedling Vigor, Grain Yield, and Water Use Efficiency of Maize under Varying Irrigation Regimes. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13152115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Water-deficit stress poses tremendous constraints to sustainable agriculture, particularly under abrupt climate change. Hence, it is crucial to find eco-friendly approaches to ameliorate drought tolerance, especially for sensitive crops such as maize. This study aimed at assessing the impact of seed halo-priming on seedling vigor, grain yield, and water use efficiency of maize under various irrigation regimes. Laboratory trials evaluated the influence of seed halo-priming using two concentrations of sodium chloride solution, 4000 and 8000 ppm NaCl, versus unprimed seeds on seed germination and seedling vigor parameters. Field trials investigated the impact of halo-priming treatments on maize yield and water use efficiency (WUE) under four irrigation regimes comprising excessive (120% of estimated crop evapotranspiration, ETc), normal (100% ETc), and deficit (80 and 60% ETc) irrigation regimes. Over-irrigation by 20% did not produce significantly more grain yield but considerably reduced WUE. Deficit irrigation (80 and 60%ETc) gradually reduced grain yield and its attributes. Halo-priming treatments, particularly 4000 ppm NaCl, improved uniformity and germination speed, increased germination percentage and germination index, and produced more vigorous seedlings with heavier dry weight compared with unprimed seeds. Under field conditions, the plants originated from halo-primed seeds, especially with 4000 ppm NaCl, had higher grain yield and WUE compared with unprimed seeds under deficit irrigation regimes. The long-lasting stress memory induced by seed halo-priming, particularly with 4000 ppm NaCl, promoted maize seedling establishment, grain yield, and WUE and consequently mitigated the devastating impacts of drought stress.
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Irshad M, Ullah F, Fahad S, Mehmood S, Khan AU, Brtnicky M, Kintl A, Holatko J, Irshad I, El-Sharnouby M, EL Sabagh A, Datta R, Danish S. Evaluation of Jatropha curcas L. leaves mulching on wheat growth and biochemical attributes under water stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:303. [PMID: 34187364 PMCID: PMC8240320 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03097-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organic mulches are widely used in crop production systems. Due to their benefits in improving soil fertility, retention of soil moisture and weed control. Field experiments were conducted during wheat growing seasons of 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 to evaluate the effects of Jatropha leaves mulch on the growth of wheat varieties 'Wadan-17' (rainfed) and 'Pirsabaq-2013' (irrigated) under well irrigated and water stress conditions (non-irrigated maintaining 40% soil field capacity). Jatropha mulch was applied to the soil surface at 0, 1, 3 and 5 Mg ha-1 before sowing grains in the field. Under conditions of water stress, Jatropha mulch significantly maintained the soil moisture content necessary for normal plant growth. RESULTS We noted a decrease in plant height, shoot and root fresh/dry weight, leaf area, leaf relative water content (LRWC), chlorophyll, and carotenoid content due to water stress. However, water stress caused an increase in leaf and root phenolics content, leaf soluble sugars and electrolytes leakage. We observed that Jatropha mulch maintained LRWC, plant height, shoot and root fresh/dry weight, leaf area and chlorophyll content under water stress. Moreover, water stress adverse effects on leaf soluble sugar content and electrolyte leakage were reversed to normal by Jatropha mulch. CONCLUSION Therefore, it may be concluded that Jatropha leaves mulch will minimize water stress adverse effects on wheat by maintaining soil moisture and plant water status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Irshad
- Department of Botany, University of Science and Technology Bannu, KP Bannu, Pakistan
| | - Faizan Ullah
- Department of Botany, University of Science and Technology Bannu, KP Bannu, Pakistan
| | - Shah Fahad
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bio Resource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228 China
- Department of Agronomy, The University of Haripur, Haripur, 22620 Pakistan
| | - Sultan Mehmood
- Department of Botany, University of Science and Technology Bannu, KP Bannu, Pakistan
| | - Asif Ullah Khan
- Department of Botany, University of Science and Technology Bannu, KP Bannu, Pakistan
| | - Martin Brtnicky
- Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrisciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 118, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Antonin Kintl
- Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrisciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno, Czech Republic
- Agricultural Research, Ltd., 664 41 Troubsko, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Holatko
- Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrisciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Inam Irshad
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000 Pakistan
| | - Mohamed El-Sharnouby
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944 Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman EL Sabagh
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Rahul Datta
- Department of Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 3, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Subhan Danish
- Departments of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, 60800 Pakistan
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Santos TDO, do Amaral Junior AT, Bispo RB, de Lima VJ, Kamphorst SH, Leite JT, dos Santos Júnior DR, Santos PHAD, de Oliveira UA, Schmitt KFM, Campostrini E, Moulin MM, Viana AP, Gravina GDA, Corrêa CCG, Gonçalves GMB. Phenotyping Latin American Open-Pollinated Varieties of Popcorn for Environments with Low Water Availability. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10061211. [PMID: 34203591 PMCID: PMC8232228 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Drought is a common abiotic stress in tropical and subtropical regions that limits the growth and development of agricultural crops, mainly impacting grain yield. Acting through plant breeding is the most viable alternative for obtaining genotypes more tolerant of environments with stress. This work aims to select popcorn genotypes for environments with drought and to identify discriminating traits for the evaluation of drought tolerance in popcorn germplasm. Fifteen Latin American populations of popcorn were evaluated in water stress (WS) and well-watered (WW) conditions. The evaluated traits were based in morpho-agronomic, physiological and radicular descriptors. Data were submitted to individual and joint ANOVA and GT Biplot analysis. Variability was detected between populations for all traits in both conditions. The drought caused a reduction of 30.61% and 3.5% in grain yield and popping expansion, respectively. Based in GT biplot analysis, 880POP was the most stable in WS and WW, being indicated as a promising population for cultivation in environments with water limitation. This study is going to allow the establishment of a collection of great importance to maize germplasm and to provide information to facilitate the process of selection in breeding programs focused on drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talles de Oliveira Santos
- Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, Brazil; (R.B.B.); (V.J.d.L.); (S.H.K.); (J.T.L.); (D.R.d.S.J.); (P.H.A.D.S.); (U.A.d.O.); (K.F.M.S.); (E.C.); (A.P.V.); (C.C.G.C.); (G.M.B.G.)
| | - Antônio Teixeira do Amaral Junior
- Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, Brazil; (R.B.B.); (V.J.d.L.); (S.H.K.); (J.T.L.); (D.R.d.S.J.); (P.H.A.D.S.); (U.A.d.O.); (K.F.M.S.); (E.C.); (A.P.V.); (C.C.G.C.); (G.M.B.G.)
| | - Rosimeire Barboza Bispo
- Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, Brazil; (R.B.B.); (V.J.d.L.); (S.H.K.); (J.T.L.); (D.R.d.S.J.); (P.H.A.D.S.); (U.A.d.O.); (K.F.M.S.); (E.C.); (A.P.V.); (C.C.G.C.); (G.M.B.G.)
| | - Valter Jário de Lima
- Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, Brazil; (R.B.B.); (V.J.d.L.); (S.H.K.); (J.T.L.); (D.R.d.S.J.); (P.H.A.D.S.); (U.A.d.O.); (K.F.M.S.); (E.C.); (A.P.V.); (C.C.G.C.); (G.M.B.G.)
| | - Samuel Henrique Kamphorst
- Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, Brazil; (R.B.B.); (V.J.d.L.); (S.H.K.); (J.T.L.); (D.R.d.S.J.); (P.H.A.D.S.); (U.A.d.O.); (K.F.M.S.); (E.C.); (A.P.V.); (C.C.G.C.); (G.M.B.G.)
| | - Jhean Torres Leite
- Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, Brazil; (R.B.B.); (V.J.d.L.); (S.H.K.); (J.T.L.); (D.R.d.S.J.); (P.H.A.D.S.); (U.A.d.O.); (K.F.M.S.); (E.C.); (A.P.V.); (C.C.G.C.); (G.M.B.G.)
| | - Divino Rosa dos Santos Júnior
- Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, Brazil; (R.B.B.); (V.J.d.L.); (S.H.K.); (J.T.L.); (D.R.d.S.J.); (P.H.A.D.S.); (U.A.d.O.); (K.F.M.S.); (E.C.); (A.P.V.); (C.C.G.C.); (G.M.B.G.)
| | - Pedro Henrique Araújo Diniz Santos
- Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, Brazil; (R.B.B.); (V.J.d.L.); (S.H.K.); (J.T.L.); (D.R.d.S.J.); (P.H.A.D.S.); (U.A.d.O.); (K.F.M.S.); (E.C.); (A.P.V.); (C.C.G.C.); (G.M.B.G.)
| | - Uéliton Alves de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, Brazil; (R.B.B.); (V.J.d.L.); (S.H.K.); (J.T.L.); (D.R.d.S.J.); (P.H.A.D.S.); (U.A.d.O.); (K.F.M.S.); (E.C.); (A.P.V.); (C.C.G.C.); (G.M.B.G.)
| | - Kátia Fabiane Medeiros Schmitt
- Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, Brazil; (R.B.B.); (V.J.d.L.); (S.H.K.); (J.T.L.); (D.R.d.S.J.); (P.H.A.D.S.); (U.A.d.O.); (K.F.M.S.); (E.C.); (A.P.V.); (C.C.G.C.); (G.M.B.G.)
| | - Eliemar Campostrini
- Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, Brazil; (R.B.B.); (V.J.d.L.); (S.H.K.); (J.T.L.); (D.R.d.S.J.); (P.H.A.D.S.); (U.A.d.O.); (K.F.M.S.); (E.C.); (A.P.V.); (C.C.G.C.); (G.M.B.G.)
| | - Monique Moreira Moulin
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo—Campus de Alegre (IFES), Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil;
| | - Alexandre Pio Viana
- Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, Brazil; (R.B.B.); (V.J.d.L.); (S.H.K.); (J.T.L.); (D.R.d.S.J.); (P.H.A.D.S.); (U.A.d.O.); (K.F.M.S.); (E.C.); (A.P.V.); (C.C.G.C.); (G.M.B.G.)
| | - Geraldo de Amaral Gravina
- Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, Brazil;
| | - Caio Cezar Guedes Corrêa
- Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, Brazil; (R.B.B.); (V.J.d.L.); (S.H.K.); (J.T.L.); (D.R.d.S.J.); (P.H.A.D.S.); (U.A.d.O.); (K.F.M.S.); (E.C.); (A.P.V.); (C.C.G.C.); (G.M.B.G.)
| | - Gabriel Moreno Bernardo Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, Brazil; (R.B.B.); (V.J.d.L.); (S.H.K.); (J.T.L.); (D.R.d.S.J.); (P.H.A.D.S.); (U.A.d.O.); (K.F.M.S.); (E.C.); (A.P.V.); (C.C.G.C.); (G.M.B.G.)
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Verbraeken L, Wuyts N, Mertens S, Cannoot B, Maleux K, Demuynck K, De Block J, Merchie J, Dhondt S, Bonaventure G, Crafts-Brandner S, Vogel J, Bruce W, Inzé D, Maere S, Nelissen H. Drought affects the rate and duration of organ growth but not inter-organ growth coordination. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 186:1336-1353. [PMID: 33788927 PMCID: PMC8195526 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Drought at flowering and grain filling greatly reduces maize (Zea mays) yield. Climate change is causing earlier and longer-lasting periods of drought, which affect the growth of multiple maize organs throughout development. To study how long periods of water deficit impact the dynamic nature of growth, and to determine how these relate to reproductive drought, we employed a high-throughput phenotyping platform featuring precise irrigation, imaging systems, and image-based biomass estimations. Prolonged drought resulted in a reduction of growth rate of individual organs-though an extension of growth duration partially compensated for this-culminating in lower biomass and delayed flowering. However, long periods of drought did not affect the highly organized succession of maximal growth rates of the distinct organs, i.e. leaves, stems, and ears. Two drought treatments negatively affected distinct seed yield components: Prolonged drought mainly reduced the number of spikelets, and drought during the reproductive period increased the anthesis-silking interval. The identification of these divergent biomass and yield components, which were affected by the shift in duration and intensity of drought, will facilitate trait-specific breeding toward future climate-resilient crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lennart Verbraeken
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Wuyts
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stien Mertens
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bernard Cannoot
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Katrien Maleux
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kirin Demuynck
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jolien De Block
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Julie Merchie
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stijn Dhondt
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | - Dirk Inzé
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steven Maere
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hilde Nelissen
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Author for communication:
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Blicharz S, Beemster GT, Ragni L, De Diego N, Spíchal L, Hernándiz AE, Marczak Ł, Olszak M, Perlikowski D, Kosmala A, Malinowski R. Phloem exudate metabolic content reflects the response to water-deficit stress in pea plants (Pisum sativum L.). THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 106:1338-1355. [PMID: 33738886 PMCID: PMC8360158 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress impacts the quality and yield of Pisum sativum. Here, we show how short periods of limited water availability during the vegetative stage of pea alters phloem sap content and how these changes are connected to strategies used by plants to cope with water deficit. We have investigated the metabolic content of phloem sap exudates and explored how this reflects P. sativum physiological and developmental responses to drought. Our data show that drought is accompanied by phloem-mediated redirection of the components that are necessary for cellular respiration and the proper maintenance of carbon/nitrogen balance during stress. The metabolic content of phloem sap reveals a shift from anabolic to catabolic processes as well as the developmental plasticity of P. sativum plants subjected to drought. Our study underlines the importance of phloem-mediated transport for plant adaptation to unfavourable environmental conditions. We also show that phloem exudate analysis can be used as a useful proxy to study stress responses in plants. We propose that the decrease in oleic acid content within phloem sap could be considered as a potential marker of early signalling events mediating drought response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Blicharz
- Integrative Plant Biology TeamInstitute of Plant Genetics Polish Academy of Sciencesul. Strzeszyńska 34Poznań60‐479Poland
| | - Gerrit T.S. Beemster
- Laboratory for Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES)Department of BiologyUniversity of AntwerpGroenenborgerlaan 171Antwerpen2020Belgium
| | - Laura Ragni
- ZMBP‐Center for Plant Molecular BiologyUniversity of TübingenTübingenGermany
| | - Nuria De Diego
- Department of Chemical Biology and GeneticsCentre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural ResearchFaculty of SciencePalacký UniversityOlomoucCzech Republic
| | - Lukas Spíchal
- Department of Chemical Biology and GeneticsCentre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural ResearchFaculty of SciencePalacký UniversityOlomoucCzech Republic
| | - Alba E. Hernándiz
- Department of Chemical Biology and GeneticsCentre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural ResearchFaculty of SciencePalacký UniversityOlomoucCzech Republic
| | - Łukasz Marczak
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Polish Academy of SciencesNoskowskiego 12/14Poznan61‐704Poland
| | - Marcin Olszak
- Department of Plant BiochemistryInstitute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Polish Academy of Sciencesul. Pawińskiego 5aWarsaw02‐106Poland
| | - Dawid Perlikowski
- Plant Physiology TeamInstitute of Plant Genetics Polish Academy of Sciencesul. Strzeszyńska 34Poznań60‐479Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Kosmala
- Plant Physiology TeamInstitute of Plant Genetics Polish Academy of Sciencesul. Strzeszyńska 34Poznań60‐479Poland
| | - Robert Malinowski
- Integrative Plant Biology TeamInstitute of Plant Genetics Polish Academy of Sciencesul. Strzeszyńska 34Poznań60‐479Poland
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Dodig D, Božinović S, Nikolić A, Zorić M, Vančetović J, Ignjatović-Micić D, Delić N, Weigelt-Fischer K, Altmann T, Junker A. Dynamics of Maize Vegetative Growth and Drought Adaptability Using Image-Based Phenotyping Under Controlled Conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:652116. [PMID: 34046050 PMCID: PMC8146906 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.652116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Changes in climate are likely to have a negative impact on water availability and soil fertility in many maize-growing agricultural areas. The development of high-throughput phenotyping platforms provides a new prospect for dissecting the dynamic complex plant traits such as abiotic stress tolerance into simple components. The growth phenotypes of 20 maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines were monitored in a non-invasive way under control, nitrogen, and water limitation as well as under combined nitrogen and water stress using an automated phenotyping system in greenhouse conditions. Thirteen biomass-related and morphophysiological traits were extracted from RGB images acquired at 33 time points covering developmental stages from leaf count 5 at the first imaging date to leaf count 10-13 at the final harvest. For these traits, genetic differences were identified and dynamic developmental trends during different maize growth stages were analyzed. The difference between control and water stress was detectable 3-10 days after the beginning of stress depending on the genotype, while the effect of limited nitrogen supply only induced subtle phenotypic effects. Phenotypic traits showed different response dynamics as well as multiple and changing interaction patterns with stress progression. The estimated biovolume, leaf area index, and color ratios were found to be stress-responsive at different stages of drought stress progression and thereby represent valuable reference indicators in the selection of drought-adaptive genotypes. Furthermore, genotypes could be grouped according to two typical growth dynamic patterns in water stress treatments by c-means clustering analysis. Inbred lines with high drought adaptability across time and development were identified and could serve as a basis for designing novel genotypes with desired, stage-specific growth phenotypes under water stress through pyramiding. Drought recovery potential may play an equal role as drought tolerance in plant drought adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejan Dodig
- Department for Research and Development, Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia
| | - Sofija Božinović
- Department for Research and Development, Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia
| | - Ana Nikolić
- Department for Research and Development, Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia
| | - Miroslav Zorić
- Department for Maize, Institute for Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Jelena Vančetović
- Department for Research and Development, Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia
| | - Dragana Ignjatović-Micić
- Department for Research and Development, Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia
| | - Nenad Delić
- Department for Research and Development, Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia
| | - Kathleen Weigelt-Fischer
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Thomas Altmann
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Astrid Junker
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben, Germany
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38
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Bufford JL, Hulme PE. Increased adaptive phenotypic plasticity in the introduced range in alien weeds under drought and flooding. Biol Invasions 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-021-02532-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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39
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Antioxidant metabolites from riparian fungal endophytes improve the tolerance of rice seedlings to flooding. CHEMOECOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00049-021-00351-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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40
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Rasul F, Gupta S, Olas JJ, Gechev T, Sujeeth N, Mueller-Roeber B. Priming with a Seaweed Extract Strongly Improves Drought Tolerance in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1469. [PMID: 33540571 PMCID: PMC7867171 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought represents a major threat to plants in natural ecosystems and agricultural settings. The biostimulant Super Fifty (SF), produced from the brown alga Ascophyllum nodosum, enables ecologically friendly stress mitigation. We investigated the physiological and whole-genome transcriptome responses of Arabidopsis thaliana to drought stress after a treatment with SF. SF strongly decreased drought-induced damage. Accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which typically stifle plant growth during drought, was reduced in SF-primed plants. Relative water content remained high in SF-treated plants, whilst ion leakage, a measure of cell damage, was reduced compared to controls. Plant growth requires a functional shoot apical meristem (SAM). Expression of a stress-responsive negative growth regulator, RESPONSIVE TO DESICCATION 26 (RD26), was repressed by SF treatment at the SAM, consistent with the model that SF priming maintains the function of the SAM during drought stress. Accordingly, expression of the cell cycle marker gene HISTONE H4 (HIS4) was maintained at the SAMs of SF-primed plants, revealing active cell cycle progression after SF priming during drought. In accordance with this, CYCP2;1, which promotes meristem cell division, was repressed by drought but enhanced by SF. SF also positively affected stomatal behavior to support the tolerance to drought stress. Collectively, our data show that SF priming mitigates multiple cellular processes that otherwise impair plant growth under drought stress, thereby providing a knowledge basis for future research on crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiaz Rasul
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl Liebknecht Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany; (F.R.); (S.G.); (J.J.O.)
- BioAtlantis Ltd., Clash Industrial Estate, V92 RWV5 Tralee, Ireland
| | - Saurabh Gupta
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl Liebknecht Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany; (F.R.); (S.G.); (J.J.O.)
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Justyna Jadwiga Olas
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl Liebknecht Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany; (F.R.); (S.G.); (J.J.O.)
| | - Tsanko Gechev
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology (CPSBB), 139 Ruski Blvd., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology, University of Plovdiv, 24 Tsar Assen Str., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | | | - Bernd Mueller-Roeber
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl Liebknecht Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany; (F.R.); (S.G.); (J.J.O.)
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology (CPSBB), 139 Ruski Blvd., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
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Chen J, Miao W, Fei K, Shen H, Zhou Y, Shen Y, Li C, He J, Zhu K, Wang Z, Yang J. Jasmonates Alleviate the Harm of High-Temperature Stress During Anthesis to Stigma Vitality of Photothermosensitive Genetic Male Sterile Rice Lines. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:634959. [PMID: 33854518 PMCID: PMC8039518 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.634959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Using photothermosensitive genic male sterile (PTSGMS) rice (Oryza sativa L.) lines to produce hybrids can obtain great heterosis. However, PTSGMS rice lines exhibit low stigma vitality when high-temperature (HT) stress happens during anthesis. Jasmonates (JAs) are novel phytohormones and play vital roles in mediating biotic and abiotic stresses. Little is known, however, if and how JAs could alleviate the harm of HT stress during anthesis to the stigma vitality of PTSGMS lines. This study investigated the question. Two PTSGMS lines and one restorer line of rice were pot-grown and subjected to normal temperature and HT stress during anthesis. The stigma exertion rate, sigma fresh weight, stigma area, contents of JAs, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and ascorbic acid (AsA), activity of catalase in stigmas, and the number of pollens germinated on the stigma of PTSGMS lines were determined. The results showed that a rice line with higher JAs content in the stigma under HT stress showed lower H2O2 content, higher AsA content and catalase activity in stigmas, larger stigma area, heavier stigma fresh weight, more pollens germinated on the stigma, and higher fertilization and seed-setting and rates. Applying methyl JAs during anthesis to rice panicles decreased the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and enhanced stigma vitality, thereby increasing fertilization and seed-setting rates of the hybrids of PTSGMS rice lines under HT stress. The results demonstrate that JAs attenuate the injury of HT stress to the stigma vitality of PTSGMS rice lines through enhancing antioxidant ability.
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Bertels J, Huybrechts M, Hendrix S, Bervoets L, Cuypers A, Beemster GTS. Cadmium inhibits cell cycle progression and specifically accumulates in the maize leaf meristem. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:6418-6428. [PMID: 32822498 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that cadmium (Cd) pollution inhibits plant growth, but how this metal impacts leaf growth processes at the cellular and molecular level is still largely unknown. In the current study, we show that Cd specifically accumulates in the meristematic tissue of the growing maize leaf, while Cd concentration in the elongation zone rapidly declines as the deposition rates diminish and cell volumes increase due to cell expansion. A kinematic analysis shows that, at the cellular level, a lower number of meristematic cells together with a significantly longer cell cycle duration explain the inhibition of leaf growth by Cd. Flow cytometry analysis suggests an inhibition of the G1/S transition, resulting in a lower proportion of cells in the S phase and reduced endoreduplication in expanding cells under Cd stress. Lower cell cycle activity is also reflected by lower expression levels of key cell cycle genes (putative wee1, cyclin-B2-4, and minichromosome maintenance4). Cell elongation rates are also inhibited by Cd, which is possibly linked to the inhibited endoreduplication. Taken together, our results complement studies on Cd-induced growth inhibition in roots and link inhibited cell cycle progression to Cd deposition in the leaf meristem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Bertels
- Laboratory for Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Michiel Huybrechts
- Centre for Environmental Sciences (CMK), Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Sophie Hendrix
- Centre for Environmental Sciences (CMK), Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Lieven Bervoets
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research (SPHERE), University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Ann Cuypers
- Centre for Environmental Sciences (CMK), Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Gerrit T S Beemster
- Laboratory for Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan, Antwerpen, Belgium
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43
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Antonova EV, Pozolotina VN. Interannual Quality Variability in Motherwort (Leonurus quinquelobatus) Seed Progeny under Chronic Radiation Exposure. RUSS J ECOL+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1067413620050033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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44
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AbdElgawad H, Avramova V, Baggerman G, Van Raemdonck G, Valkenborg D, Van Ostade X, Guisez Y, Prinsen E, Asard H, Van den Ende W, Beemster GTS. Starch biosynthesis contributes to the maintenance of photosynthesis and leaf growth under drought stress in maize. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:2254-2271. [PMID: 32488892 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To understand the growth response to drought, we performed a proteomics study in the leaf growth zone of maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings and functionally characterized the role of starch biosynthesis in the regulation of growth, photosynthesis and antioxidant capacity, using the shrunken-2 mutant (sh2), defective in ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase. Drought altered the abundance of 284 proteins overrepresented for photosynthesis, amino acid, sugar and starch metabolism, and redox-regulation. Changes in protein levels correlated with enzyme activities (increased ATP synthase, cysteine synthase, starch synthase, RuBisCo, peroxiredoxin, glutaredoxin, thioredoxin and decreased triosephosphate isomerase, ferredoxin, cellulose synthase activities, respectively) and metabolite concentrations (increased ATP, cysteine, glycine, serine, starch, proline and decreased cellulose levels). The sh2 mutant showed a reduced increase of starch levels under drought conditions, leading to soluble sugar starvation at the end of the night and correlating with an inhibition of leaf growth rates. Increased RuBisCo activity and pigment concentrations observed in WT, in response to drought, were lacking in the mutant, which suffered more oxidative damage and recovered more slowly after re-watering. These results demonstrate that starch biosynthesis contributes to maintaining leaf growth under drought stress and facilitates enhanced carbon acquisition upon recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamada AbdElgawad
- Research group for Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Viktoriya Avramova
- Research group for Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Geert Baggerman
- Applied Bio & molecular Systems, VITO, Mol, Belgium
- Center for Proteomics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Geert Van Raemdonck
- Center for Proteomics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Dirk Valkenborg
- Applied Bio & molecular Systems, VITO, Mol, Belgium
- Center for Proteomics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Xaveer Van Ostade
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Yves Guisez
- Research group for Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Els Prinsen
- Research group for Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Han Asard
- Research group for Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Wim Van den Ende
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gerrit T S Beemster
- Research group for Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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45
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Inoculation of maize seeds with Pseudomonas putida leads to enhanced seedling growth in combination with modified regulation of miRNAs and antioxidant enzymes. Symbiosis 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-020-00703-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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46
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Vincent C, Rowland D, Schaffer B, Bassil E, Racette K, Zurweller B. Primed acclimation: A physiological process offers a strategy for more resilient and irrigation-efficient crop production. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 295:110240. [PMID: 32534621 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Optimizing plant physiological function is essential to maintaining crop yields under water scarcity and in developing more water-efficient production practices. However, the most common strategies in addressing water conservation in agricultural production have focused on water-efficient technologies aimed at managing water application or on improving crop water-use efficiency through breeding. Few management strategies explicitly consider the management or manipulation of plant physiological processes, but one which does is termed primed acclimation (PA). The PA strategy uses the physiological processes involved in priming to pre-acclimate plants to water deficits while reducing irrigation. It has been shown to evoke multi-mechanistic responses across numerous crop species. A combination of existing literature and emerging studies find that mechanisms for pre-acclimating plants to water deficit stress include changes in root:shoot partitioning, root architecture, water use, photosynthetic characteristics, osmotic adjustment and anti-oxidant production. In many cases, PA reduces agricultural water use by improving plant access to existing soil water. Implementing PA in seasonally water-limited environments can mitigate yield losses to drought. Genotypic variation in PA responses offers the potential to screen for crop varieties with the greatest potential for beneficial priming responses and to identify specific priming and acclimation mechanisms. In this review we: 1) summarize the concept of priming within the context of plant stress physiology; 2) review the development of a PA management system that utilizes priming for water conservation in agroecosystems; and 3) address the future of PA, how it should be evaluated across crop species, and its utility in managing crop stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Vincent
- Horticultural Sciences Department, Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 700 Old Lee Jackson Road, Lake Alfred, FL, USA.
| | - Diane Rowland
- Agronomy Department, University of Florida, P.O. Box 110500, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
| | - Bruce Schaffer
- Horticultural Sciences Department, Tropical Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 18905 S.W. 280 Street, Homestead, FL, 33031, USA
| | - Elias Bassil
- Horticultural Sciences Department, Tropical Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 18905 S.W. 280 Street, Homestead, FL, 33031, USA.
| | - Kelly Racette
- Agronomy Department, University of Florida, P.O. Box 110500, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Brendan Zurweller
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, P.O. Box 9555, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA.
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47
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Szekely-Varga Z, González-Orenga S, Cantor M, Jucan D, Boscaiu M, Vicente O. Effects of Drought and Salinity on Two Commercial Varieties of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:plants9050637. [PMID: 32429357 DOI: 10.15835/nbha48412150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Global warming is not only affecting arid and semi-arid regions but also becoming a threat to agriculture in Central and Eastern European countries. The present study analyzes the responses to drought and salinity of two varieties of Lavandula angustifolia cultivated in Romania. Lavender seedlings were subjected to one month of salt stress (100, 200, and 300 mM NaCl) and water deficit (complete withholding of irrigation) treatments. To assess the effects of stress on the plants, several growth parameters and biochemical stress markers (photosynthetic pigments, mono and divalent ions, and different osmolytes) were determined in control and stressed plants after the treatments. Both stress conditions significantly inhibited the growth of the two varieties, but all plants survived the treatments, indicating a relative stress tolerance of the two varieties. The most relevant mechanisms of salt tolerance are based on the maintenance of foliar K+ levels and the accumulation of Ca2+ and proline as a functional osmolyte in parallel with increasing external salinities. Under water stress, significant increases of Na+ and K+ concentrations were detected in roots, indicating a possible role of these cations in osmotic adjustment, limiting root dehydration. No significant differences were found when comparing the stress tolerance and stress responses of the two selected lavender varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Szekely-Varga
- Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Institute for the Conservation and Improvement of Valencian Agrodiversity (COMAV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Sara González-Orenga
- Mediterranean Agroforestry Institute (IAM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria Cantor
- Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Denisa Jucan
- Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Monica Boscaiu
- Mediterranean Agroforestry Institute (IAM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Oscar Vicente
- Institute for the Conservation and Improvement of Valencian Agrodiversity (COMAV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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48
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Szekely-Varga Z, González-Orenga S, Cantor M, Jucan D, Boscaiu M, Vicente O. Effects of Drought and Salinity on Two Commercial Varieties of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9050637. [PMID: 32429357 PMCID: PMC7284986 DOI: 10.3390/plants9050637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Global warming is not only affecting arid and semi-arid regions but also becoming a threat to agriculture in Central and Eastern European countries. The present study analyzes the responses to drought and salinity of two varieties of Lavandula angustifolia cultivated in Romania. Lavender seedlings were subjected to one month of salt stress (100, 200, and 300 mM NaCl) and water deficit (complete withholding of irrigation) treatments. To assess the effects of stress on the plants, several growth parameters and biochemical stress markers (photosynthetic pigments, mono and divalent ions, and different osmolytes) were determined in control and stressed plants after the treatments. Both stress conditions significantly inhibited the growth of the two varieties, but all plants survived the treatments, indicating a relative stress tolerance of the two varieties. The most relevant mechanisms of salt tolerance are based on the maintenance of foliar K+ levels and the accumulation of Ca2+ and proline as a functional osmolyte in parallel with increasing external salinities. Under water stress, significant increases of Na+ and K+ concentrations were detected in roots, indicating a possible role of these cations in osmotic adjustment, limiting root dehydration. No significant differences were found when comparing the stress tolerance and stress responses of the two selected lavender varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Szekely-Varga
- Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (Z.S.-V.); (M.C.)
- Institute for the Conservation and Improvement of Valencian Agrodiversity (COMAV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Sara González-Orenga
- Mediterranean Agroforestry Institute (IAM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (S.G.-O.); (M.B.)
| | - Maria Cantor
- Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (Z.S.-V.); (M.C.)
| | - Denisa Jucan
- Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (Z.S.-V.); (M.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Monica Boscaiu
- Mediterranean Agroforestry Institute (IAM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (S.G.-O.); (M.B.)
| | - Oscar Vicente
- Institute for the Conservation and Improvement of Valencian Agrodiversity (COMAV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
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49
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Zhang Q, Liu J, Liu X, Li S, Sun Y, Lu W, Ma C. Optimizing water and phosphorus management to improve hay yield and water- and phosphorus-use efficiency in alfalfa under drip irrigation. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:2406-2418. [PMID: 32405397 PMCID: PMC7215227 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is an important forage legume in arid areas, but limited water resources and low fertilizer utilization have restricted its agricultural development. Meanwhile, studies on the effects of integrated water and phosphorus on production performance and water-use efficiency and phosphorus-use efficiency of alfalfa, especially on hay yield, phosphorus accumulation, and total phosphorus uptake are rarely reported under drip irrigation. The treatments were a factorial combination of three irrigation rates (5,250, 6,000, and 6,750 m3/ha per year) and four P rates (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg/ha per year) and consisted of 12 treatments for water and P management, arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Total hay yield and water-use efficiency and phosphorus-use efficiency of alfalfa in P2 treatment were significantly greater than those in the P1 and P3 treatments (p < .05), and the total hay yield of alfalfa with phosphorus application increased by 7.43%-29.87% compared with that in the nonphosphorus (P0) treatment under the same irrigation amount. The total phosphorus and available phosphorus concentrations in the 0-20 cm soil layer were greater than those in the 20-40 cm and 40-60 cm soil layers compared with those in the P0 treatment. Correlation analyses showed that total hay yield was significantly positively correlated with total phosphorus uptake and water-use efficiency (p < .01). The accumulated phosphorus concentration was significantly positively correlated with total phosphorus and available phosphorus concentration (p < .01) and was positively correlated with the phosphorus-use efficiency (p < .05). The membership function method was used to evaluate all the indicators, and the three treatments that had the greatest influence on the production performance of alfalfa were, in order, W2P2 > W3P2 > W1P2. Therefore, an irrigation rate of 6,000 m3/ha and a phosphorus application rate of 100 kg/ha per year should be considered as the best management for both high yield and water-use efficiency and phosphorus-use efficiency of alfalfa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianbing Zhang
- The College of Animal Science & TechnologyShihezi UniversityShiheziChina
| | - Junying Liu
- The College of Animal Science & TechnologyShihezi UniversityShiheziChina
| | - Xuanshuai Liu
- The College of Animal Science & TechnologyShihezi UniversityShiheziChina
| | - Shengyi Li
- The College of Animal Science & TechnologyShihezi UniversityShiheziChina
| | - Yanliang Sun
- The College of Animal Science & TechnologyShihezi UniversityShiheziChina
| | - Weihua Lu
- The College of Animal Science & TechnologyShihezi UniversityShiheziChina
| | - Chunhui Ma
- The College of Animal Science & TechnologyShihezi UniversityShiheziChina
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Bhaskarla V, Zinta G, Ford R, Jain M, Varshney RK, Mantri N. Comparative Root Transcriptomics Provide Insights into Drought Adaptation Strategies in Chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.). Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1781. [PMID: 32150870 PMCID: PMC7084756 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought adversely affects crop production across the globe. The root system immensely contributes to water management and the adaptability of plants to drought stress. In this study, drought-induced phenotypic and transcriptomic responses of two contrasting chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes were compared at the vegetative, reproductive transition, and reproductive stages. At the vegetative stage, drought-tolerant genotype maintained higher root biomass, length, and surface area under drought stress as compared to sensitive genotype. However, at the reproductive stage, root length and surface area of tolerant genotype was lower but displayed higher root diameter than sensitive genotype. The shoot biomass of tolerant genotype was overall higher than the sensitive genotype under drought stress. RNA-seq analysis identified genotype- and developmental-stage specific differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in response to drought stress. At the vegetative stage, a total of 2161 and 1873 DEGs, and at reproductive stage 4109 and 3772 DEGs, were identified in the tolerant and sensitive genotypes, respectively. Gene ontology (GO) analysis revealed enrichment of biological categories related to cellular process, metabolic process, response to stimulus, response to abiotic stress, and response to hormones. Interestingly, the expression of stress-responsive transcription factors, kinases, ROS signaling and scavenging, transporters, root nodulation, and oxylipin biosynthesis genes were robustly upregulated in the tolerant genotype, possibly contributing to drought adaptation. Furthermore, activation/repression of hormone signaling and biosynthesis genes was observed. Overall, this study sheds new insights on drought tolerance mechanisms operating in roots with broader implications for chickpea improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Bhaskarla
- The Pangenomics Group, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne 3083, Australia;
| | - Gaurav Zinta
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center of Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China;
| | - Rebecca Ford
- School of Natural Sciences, Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia;
| | - Mukesh Jain
- School of Computational & Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India;
| | - Rajeev K. Varshney
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad 502324, India
| | - Nitin Mantri
- The Pangenomics Group, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne 3083, Australia;
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