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Dias TG, Rodrigues LDS, Farias JR, Pereira ALF, Ferreira AGN, Neto MS, Dutra RP, Reis AS, Guerra RNM, Monteiro-Neto V, Maciel MCG. Immunomodulatory Activity of Probiotics in Models of Bacterial Infections. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024; 16:862-874. [PMID: 37191780 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10090-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
As resistance to conventional antibiotics among bacteria continues to increase, researchers are increasingly focusing on alternative strategies for preventing and treating bacterial infections, one of which is microbiota modulation. The objective of this review is to analyze the scientific literature on the immunomodulatory effects of probiotics in bacterial infections. This is an integrative review of the literature based on systematic steps, with searches performed in the databases Medline, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and ScienceDirect. The most prevalent bacterial genera used to evaluate infectious processes were Salmonella, Escherichia, Klebsiella, and Streptococcus. Lactobacillus was the most commonly used probiotic genus, with Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus is the most frequently used species. In most studies, prophylactic treatment with concentrations of probiotics equal to or greater than 8 log CFU/mL was chosen. However, there was considerable heterogeneity in terms of effective treatment duration, indicating that the results cannot be generalized across all studies. This review found that probiotics interact with the immune system through different mechanisms and have a positive effect on preventing different types of bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatielle Gomes Dias
- Graduate Program in Health and Technology, Center for Sciences of Imperatriz, Federal University of Maranhão, Maranhão, Brazil
| | | | - Josivan Regis Farias
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia Fernandes Pereira
- Graduate Program in Health and Technology, Center for Sciences of Imperatriz, Federal University of Maranhão, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Adriana Gomes Nogueira Ferreira
- Graduate Program in Health and Technology, Center for Sciences of Imperatriz, Federal University of Maranhão, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Marcelino Santos Neto
- Graduate Program in Health and Technology, Center for Sciences of Imperatriz, Federal University of Maranhão, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Richard Pereira Dutra
- Graduate Program in Health and Technology, Center for Sciences of Imperatriz, Federal University of Maranhão, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Aramys Silva Reis
- Graduate Program in Health and Technology, Center for Sciences of Imperatriz, Federal University of Maranhão, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Rosane Nassar Meireles Guerra
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | | | - Márcia Cristina Gonçalves Maciel
- Graduate Program in Health and Technology, Center for Sciences of Imperatriz, Federal University of Maranhão, Maranhão, Brazil.
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
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2
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Sulaimany S, Farahmandi K, Mafakheri A. Computational prediction of new therapeutic effects of probiotics. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11932. [PMID: 38789535 PMCID: PMC11126595 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62796-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are living microorganisms that provide health benefits to their hosts, potentially aiding in the treatment or prevention of various diseases, including diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease. Motivated by successful applications of link prediction in medical and biological networks, we applied link prediction to the probiotic-disease network to identify unreported relations. Using data from the Probio database and International Classification of Diseases-10th Revision (ICD-10) resources, we constructed a bipartite graph focused on the relationship between probiotics and diseases. We applied customized link prediction algorithms for this bipartite network, including common neighbors, Jaccard coefficient, and Adamic/Adar ranking formulas. We evaluated the results using Area under the Curve (AUC) and precision metrics. Our analysis revealed that common neighbors outperformed the other methods, with an AUC of 0.96 and precision of 0.6, indicating that basic formulas can predict at least six out of ten probable relations correctly. To support our findings, we conducted an exact search of the top 20 predictions and found six confirming papers on Google Scholar and Science Direct. Evidence suggests that Lactobacillus jensenii may provide prophylactic and therapeutic benefits for gastrointestinal diseases and that Lactobacillus acidophilus may have potential activity against urologic and female genital illnesses. Further investigation of other predictions through additional preclinical and clinical studies is recommended. Future research may focus on deploying more powerful link prediction algorithms to achieve better and more accurate results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Sulaimany
- Social and Biological Network Analysis Laboratory (SBNA), Department of Computer Engineering, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.
| | - Kajal Farahmandi
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Aso Mafakheri
- Social and Biological Network Analysis Laboratory (SBNA), Department of Computer Engineering, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
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3
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Ma Y, Yang D, Huang J, Liu K, Liu H, Wu H, Bao C. Probiotics for inflammatory bowel disease: Is there sufficient evidence? Open Life Sci 2024; 19:20220821. [PMID: 38585636 PMCID: PMC10998680 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) refers to chronic inflammatory disorders of the gut. Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) are two subtypes of IBD. Evidence suggests that the intestinal microbiota plays a role in the pathogenesis of IBD, so probiotics have garnered a lot of interest as a potential treatment or prevention for IBD. However, clinical evidence of the efficacy of probiotics is still debatable. We performed a literature review. An advanced search considered clinical studies on probiotic for IBD from inception to 2023 in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. In the treatment of UC with probiotics, only Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 for maintenance treatment of UC in remission, and Bifidobacterium and VSL#3 for induction of remission in patients with mild to moderately active UC have shown strong evidence. Currently, there are no definitive conclusions regarding the effectiveness of probiotics in CD. The mechanism of probiotic treatment for IBD may be related to reducing oxidative stress, repairing the intestinal barrier, regulating intestinal flora balance, and modulating intestinal immune response. Differences in the benefits of probiotics between CD and UC may be attributable to the different lesion extent and immune-mediated pathophysiology. More robust randomized clinical trials are required to validate the efficacy and safety of diverse probiotic strains in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueying Ma
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai200437, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai201203, China
| | - Dandan Yang
- Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong999077, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai200437, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai201203, China
| | - Kunli Liu
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai200437, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai201203, China
| | - Huirong Liu
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai200437, China
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai200030, China
| | - Huangan Wu
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai200437, China
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai200030, China
| | - Chunhui Bao
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai200437, China
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai200030, China
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4
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Kaur H, Kaur G, Ali SA. Postbiotics Implication in the Microbiota-Host Intestinal Epithelial Cells Mutualism. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024; 16:443-458. [PMID: 36933160 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10062-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
To sustain host health and provide the microbial community with a nutrient-rich environment, the host and gut microbiota must interact with one another. These interactions between commensal bacterial and intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) serve as the first line of defense against gut microbiota in preserving intestinal homeostasis. In this microenvironment, the post-biotics and similar molecules such as p40 exert several beneficial effects through regulation of IECs. Importantly, post-biotics were discovered to be transactivators of the EGF receptor (EGFR) in IECs, inducing protective cellular responses and alleviating colitis. The transient exposure to post-biotics such as p40 during the neonatal period reprograms IECs by upregulation of a methyltransferase, Setd1β, leading to a sustained increase in TGF- β release for the expansion of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the intestinal lamina propria and durable protection against colitis in adulthood. This crosstalk between the IECs and post-biotic secreted factors was not reviewed previously. Therefore, this review describes the role of probiotic-derived factors in the sustainability of intestinal health and improving gut homeostasis via certain signaling pathways. In the era of precision medicine and targeted therapies, more basic, preclinical, and clinical evidence is needed to clarify the efficacy of probiotics released as functional factors in maintaining intestinal health and preventing and treating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harpreet Kaur
- Animal Biochemistry Division, ICAR-NDRI, Karnal, 132001, India
| | - Gurjeet Kaur
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Syed Azmal Ali
- Cell Biology and Proteomics Lab, Animal Biotechnology Center, ICAR-NDRI, Karnal, 132001, India.
- Division Proteomics of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany.
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Wang S, Zhou S, Han Z, Yu B, Xu Y, Lin Y, Chen Y, Jin Z, Li Y, Cao Q, Xu Y, Zhang Q, Wang YC. From gut to brain: understanding the role of microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1384270. [PMID: 38576620 PMCID: PMC10991805 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1384270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
With the proposal of the "biological-psychological-social" model, clinical decision-makers and researchers have paid more attention to the bidirectional interactive effects between psychological factors and diseases. The brain-gut-microbiota axis, as an important pathway for communication between the brain and the gut, plays an important role in the occurrence and development of inflammatory bowel disease. This article reviews the mechanism by which psychological disorders mediate inflammatory bowel disease by affecting the brain-gut-microbiota axis. Research progress on inflammatory bowel disease causing "comorbidities of mind and body" through the microbiota-gut-brain axis is also described. In addition, to meet the needs of individualized treatment, this article describes some nontraditional and easily overlooked treatment strategies that have led to new ideas for "psychosomatic treatment".
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Wang
- Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Shuwei Zhou
- Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Nurturing Center of Jiangsu Province for State Laboratory of AI Imaging & Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongyu Han
- Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yin Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yumeng Lin
- Eye School of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yutong Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zi Jin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Rehabilitation, Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yalong Li
- Anorectal Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Qinhan Cao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Chengdu, China
| | - Yunying Xu
- Clinical Medical School, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yuan-Cheng Wang
- Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Nurturing Center of Jiangsu Province for State Laboratory of AI Imaging & Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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6
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Wang X, Zhou C, Zhang S, Ma Y, Xiao W, Guo Y. Additive efficacy and safety of probiotics in the treatment of ulcerative colitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Nutr 2024:10.1007/s00394-023-03307-5. [PMID: 38446227 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03307-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aim to report the latest pooled analyses to evaluate the additive efficacy and safety of probiotics in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS We systematically searched the relevant literature investigating the efficacy and/or safety of probiotics in patients with UC from PubMed, Embase and Web of Science up to January 2023. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and evaluated the quality of the included studies according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Any discrepancies throughout these processes were solved by consensus. All statistical analyses were performed by Review Manager version 5.4 and Stata version 15.0. RESULTS A total of 13 articles were included in the pooled analyses, and the studies were all randomized controlled trials with a total of 930 patients. There were no significant differences between the probiotics and placebo groups concerning demographic and baseline characteristics. For patients with active UC, the probiotic group boosted the remission rate by 87% compared to the placebo group, but failed to reach a statistical difference (OR: 1.87; 95% CI 0.98, 3.57; P = 0.06, I2 = 67%); furthermore, there were no statistical differences in maintenance of clinical remission, clinical response, change in UCDAI scores, or mucosal healing outcomes in the probiotic group compared to the placebo group. For patients in clinical remission, the clinical relapse rates were significantly lower in the probiotic group than in the placebo group (OR: 0.34; 95% CI 0.14, 0.79; P = 0.01). Moreover, this study did not observe a significant difference between the two groups for general adverse events rate (OR: 1.98; 95% CI 0.69, 5.68; P = 0.20). CONCLUSION Probiotic-assisted therapy may be effective in inhibiting UC recurrence in patients in clinical remission without increasing the risk of treatment-related adverse events; furthermore, probiotics may increase the rate of clinical remission in patients with active UC. However, caution is needed when interpreting the clinical efficacy of probiotics in improving the clinical outcome of patients with active UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chunyu Zhou
- Medical Management Office of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Shaohui Zhang
- Dongfang Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yixiang Ma
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqin Xiao
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yanmei Guo
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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7
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Jakubczyk D, Leszczyńska K, Pacyga-Prus K, Kozakiewicz D, Kazana-Płuszka W, Gełej D, Migdał P, Kruszakin R, Zabłocka A, Górska S. What happens to Bifidobacterium adolescentis and Bifidobacterium longum ssp. longum in an experimental environment with eukaryotic cells? BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:60. [PMID: 38373929 PMCID: PMC10875879 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-03179-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of probiotic strains on host health is widely known. The available studies on the interaction between bacteria and the host are focused on the changes induced by bacteria in the host mainly. The studies determining the changes that occurred in the bacteria cells are in the minority. Within this paper, we determined what happens to the selected Bifidobacterium adolescentis and Bifidobacterium longum ssp. longum in an experimental environment with the intestinal epithelial layer. For this purpose, we tested the bacteria cells' viability, redox activity, membrane potential and enzymatic activity in different environments, including CaCo-2/HT-29 co-culture, cell culture medium, presence of inflammatory inductor (TNF-α) and oxygen. RESULTS We indicated that the external milieu impacts the viability and vitality of bacteria. Bifidobacterium adolescentis decrease the size of the live population in the cell culture medium with and without TNF-α (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01 respectively). In contrast, Bifidobacterium longum ssp. longum significantly increased survivability in contact with the eukaryotic cells and cell culture medium (p < 0.001). Bifidobacterium adolescentis showed significant changes in membrane potential, which was decreased in the presence of eukaryotic cells (p < 0.01), eukaryotic cells in an inflammatory state (p < 0.01), cell culture medium (p < 0.01) and cell culture medium with TNF-α (p < 0.05). In contrast, Bifidobacterium longum ssp. longum did not modulate membrane potential. Instead, bacteria significantly decreased the redox activity in response to milieus such as eukaryotic cells presence, inflamed eukaryotic cells as well as the culture medium (p < 0.001). The redox activity was significantly different in the cells culture medium vs the presence of eukaryotic cells (p < 0.001). The ability to β-galactosidase production was different for selected strains: Bifidobacterium longum ssp. longum indicated 91.5% of positive cells, whereas Bifidobacterium adolescentis 4.34% only. Both strains significantly reduced the enzyme production in contact with the eukaryotic milieu but not in the cell culture media. CONCLUSION The environmental-induced changes may shape the probiotic properties of bacterial strains. It seems that the knowledge of the sensitivity of bacteria to the external environment may help to select the most promising probiotic strains, reduce research costs, and contribute to greater reproducibility of the obtained probiotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Jakubczyk
- Laboratory of Microbiome Immunobiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Leszczyńska
- Laboratory of Microbiome Immunobiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Pacyga-Prus
- Laboratory of Microbiome Immunobiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Dominika Kozakiewicz
- Laboratory of Microbiome Immunobiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Wioletta Kazana-Płuszka
- Laboratory of Microbiome Immunobiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Dominika Gełej
- Laboratory of Microbiome Immunobiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Paweł Migdał
- Inter-Departmental Laboratory of Instrumental Analysis and Preparation, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Roksana Kruszakin
- Inter-Departmental Laboratory of Instrumental Analysis and Preparation, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Zabłocka
- Laboratory of Microbiome Immunobiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Sabina Górska
- Laboratory of Microbiome Immunobiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
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Gravina AG, Pellegrino R, Cipullo M, Palladino G, Imperio G, Ventura A, Auletta S, Ciamarra P, Federico A. May ChatGPT be a tool producing medical information for common inflammatory bowel disease patients' questions? An evidence-controlled analysis. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:17-33. [PMID: 38293321 PMCID: PMC10823903 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i1.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Artificial intelligence is increasingly entering everyday healthcare. Large language model (LLM) systems such as Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) have become potentially accessible to everyone, including patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). However, significant ethical issues and pitfalls exist in innovative LLM tools. The hype generated by such systems may lead to unweighted patient trust in these systems. Therefore, it is necessary to understand whether LLMs (trendy ones, such as ChatGPT) can produce plausible medical information (MI) for patients. This review examined ChatGPT's potential to provide MI regarding questions commonly addressed by patients with IBD to their gastroenterologists. From the review of the outputs provided by ChatGPT, this tool showed some attractive potential while having significant limitations in updating and detailing information and providing inaccurate information in some cases. Further studies and refinement of the ChatGPT, possibly aligning the outputs with the leading medical evidence provided by reliable databases, are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Gerarda Gravina
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Raffaele Pellegrino
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Marina Cipullo
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Giovanna Palladino
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Imperio
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Andrea Ventura
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Salvatore Auletta
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Paola Ciamarra
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Alessandro Federico
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples 80138, Italy
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9
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Jadhav A, Jagtap S, Vyavahare S, Sharbidre A, Kunchiraman B. Reviewing the potential of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics: advancements in treatment of ulcerative colitis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1268041. [PMID: 38145046 PMCID: PMC10739422 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1268041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) like Crohn's and ulcerative colitis (UC) are multifactorial pathologies caused by environmental factors and genetic background. UC is a chronic inflammatory disorder that specifically targets the colon, resulting in inflammation. Various chemical interventions, including aminosalicylates, corticosteroids, immunomodulators, and biological therapies, have been extensively employed for the purpose of managing symptoms associated with UC. Nevertheless, it is important to note that these therapeutic interventions may give rise to undesirable consequences, including, but not limited to, the potential for weight gain, fluid retention, and heightened vulnerability to infections. Emerging therapeutic approaches for UC are costly due to their chronic nature. Alternatives like synbiotic therapy, combining prebiotics and probiotics, have gained attention for mitigating dysbiosis in UC patients. Prebiotics promote beneficial bacteria proliferation, while probiotics establish a balanced gut microbiota and regulate immune system functionality. The utilisation of synbiotics has been shown to improve the inflammatory response and promote the resolution of symptoms in individuals with UC through the stimulation of beneficial bacteria growth and the enhancement of intestinal barrier integrity. Hence, this review article aims to explore the potential benefits and underlying reasons for incorporating alternative approaches in the management of UC with studies performed using prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics to treat ulcerative colitis and to highlight safety and considerations in UC and future perspectives. This will facilitate the utilisation of novel treatment strategies for the safer and more efficacious management of patients with UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apurva Jadhav
- Herbal Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Suresh Jagtap
- Herbal Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Suresh Vyavahare
- Sai Ayurved Medical College, Maharashtra University of Health Sciences, Solapur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Archana Sharbidre
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Bipinraj Kunchiraman
- Microbial Biotechnology, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of IT & Biotechnology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, Maharashtra, India
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10
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Sans Cuffi M, Argüelles Arias F, Echarri Piudo A, Ginard Vicens D, Gutiérrez Casbas A, Marín-Jiménez I. Optimizing treatment of mild to moderate ulcerative colitis: CU-forum Delphi consensus. GASTROENTEROLOGIA Y HEPATOLOGIA 2023; 46:784-794. [PMID: 36803681 DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2023.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Ulcerative colitis (UC) clinical guidelines include the best available evidence, although not all clinical situations are answered, so their management can be controversial. The aim of this study is to identify the situations of mild to moderate UC susceptible to controversy and to evaluate the degree of agreement or disagreement with specific proposals. METHODS Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) expert discussion meetings were used to identify criteria, attitudes and opinions regarding the management of UC. A Delphi questionnaire was then developed with 60 items regarding antibiotics, salicylates and probiotics; local, systemic and topical corticosteroids; and immunosuppressants. RESULTS Consensus was reached in 44 statements (73.3%); 32 in agreement (53.3%) and 12 in disagreement (20.0%). Some of them were: it is not necessary the systematic use of antibiotics despite the severity of the outbreak, being reserved when there is suspicion of infection or systemic toxicity; when faced with a mild-moderate outbreak of UC and in patients who do not respond to aminosalicylates, it is appropriate to use a dose of beclomethasone of 10mg/day for one month and 5mg/day for another month; it is advised that the dose of azathioprine be administered in a single dose. CONCLUSIONS IBD experts agree on most of the proposals identified for managing mild to moderate UC and there is a need for scientific evidence in some specific situations where expert opinion may be helpful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miquel Sans Cuffi
- Servicio Gastroenterología/ISADMU, Centro Médico Teknon. Barcelona, España.
| | | | | | - Daniel Ginard Vicens
- Servicio Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Son Espases. Palma de Mallorca, España
| | - Ana Gutiérrez Casbas
- Servicio Aparato Digestivo, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante Doctor Balmis, Alicante, España
| | - Ignacio Marín-Jiménez
- Servicio Aparato Digestivo, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón. Madrid, España
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11
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Fooladi S, Rabiee N, Iravani S. Genetically engineered bacteria: a new frontier in targeted drug delivery. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:10072-10087. [PMID: 37873584 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01805a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Genetically engineered bacteria (GEB) have shown significant promise to revolutionize modern medicine. These engineered bacteria with unique properties such as enhanced targeting, versatility, biofilm disruption, reduced drug resistance, self-amplification capabilities, and biodegradability represent a highly promising approach for targeted drug delivery and cancer theranostics. This innovative approach involves modifying bacterial strains to function as drug carriers, capable of delivering therapeutic agents directly to specific cells or tissues. Unlike synthetic drug delivery systems, GEB are inherently biodegradable and can be naturally eliminated from the body, reducing potential long-term side effects or complications associated with residual foreign constituents. However, several pivotal challenges such as safety and controllability need to be addressed. Researchers have explored novel tactics to improve their capabilities and overcome existing challenges, including synthetic biology tools (e.g., clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and bioinformatics-driven design), microbiome engineering, combination therapies, immune system interaction, and biocontainment strategies. Because of the remarkable advantages and tangible progress in this field, GEB may emerge as vital tools in personalized medicine, providing precise and controlled drug delivery for various diseases (especially cancer). In this context, future directions include the integration of nanotechnology with GEB, the focus on microbiota-targeted therapies, the incorporation of programmable behaviors, the enhancement in immunotherapy treatments, and the discovery of non-medical applications. In this way, careful ethical considerations and regulatory frameworks are necessary for developing GEB-based systems for targeted drug delivery. By addressing safety concerns, ensuring informed consent, promoting equitable access, understanding long-term effects, mitigating dual-use risks, and fostering public engagement, these engineered bacteria can be employed as promising delivery vehicles in bio- and nanomedicine. In this review, recent advances related to the application of GEB in targeted drug delivery and cancer therapy are discussed, covering crucial challenging issues and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Fooladi
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia.
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, 2109, Australia
| | - Siavash Iravani
- Independent Researcher, W Nazar ST, Boostan Ave, Isfahan, Iran.
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12
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Mitra AK, Asala AF, Malone S, Mridha MK. Effects of Probiotics in Adults with Gastroenteritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials. Diseases 2023; 11:138. [PMID: 37873782 PMCID: PMC10594472 DOI: 10.3390/diseases11040138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics have been widely used in gastroenteritis due to acute and chronic illnesses. However, evidence supporting the effectiveness of probiotics in different health conditions is inconclusive and conflicting. The aim of this study was to review the existing literature on the effects of probiotics on gastroenteritis among adults. Only original articles on clinical trials that demonstrated the effects of probiotics in adults with gastroenteritis were used for this analysis. Multiple databases, such as PubMed, Google Scholar, MEDLINE and Scopus databases, were searched for the data. The study followed standard procedures for data extraction using a PRISMA flow chart. A quality appraisal of the selected studies was conducted using CADIMA. Finally, a meta-analysis was performed. Thirty-five articles met the selection criteria; of them, probiotics were found effective in the treatment and/or prevention of chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease in 17 (49%), and the treatment of pouchitis in 4 (11.4%), antibiotic-induced diarrhea in 3 (8.6%), Helicobacter pylori infection in 2 (5.7%) and diverticulitis in 1 (2.9%), while the remaining 7 (20%) were ineffective, and 1 study's results were inconclusive. The meta-analysis did not demonstrate any significant protective effects of probiotics. Having a τ2 value of zero and I2 of 6%, the studies were homogeneous and had minimum variances. Further studies are suggested to evaluate the beneficial effects of probiotics in IBDs and other chronic bowel diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal K. Mitra
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Health Sciences, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39213, USA; (A.F.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Adetoun F. Asala
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Health Sciences, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39213, USA; (A.F.A.); (S.M.)
- Office of Preventive Heath, Mississippi State Department of Health, Ridgeland, MS 39157, USA
| | - Shelia Malone
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Health Sciences, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39213, USA; (A.F.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Malay Kanti Mridha
- Brac James P. Grant School of Public Health, Center for Non-Communicable Disease and Nutrition, Brac University, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh;
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13
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Peña-Cearra A, Song D, Castelo J, Palacios A, Lavín JL, Azkargorta M, Elortza F, Fuertes M, Pascual-Itoiz MA, Barriales D, Martín-Ruiz I, Fullaondo A, Aransay AM, Rodríguez H, Palm NW, Anguita J, Abecia L. Mitochondrial dysfunction promotes microbial composition that negatively impacts on ulcerative colitis development and progression. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2023; 9:74. [PMID: 37805634 PMCID: PMC10560208 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-023-00443-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence demonstrates potential links between mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). In addition, bidirectional interactions between the intestinal microbiota and host mitochondria may modulate intestinal inflammation. We observed previously that mice deficient in the mitochondrial protein MCJ (Methylation-controlled J protein) exhibit increased susceptibility to DSS colitis. However, it is unclear whether this phenotype is primarily driven by MCJ-/- associated gut microbiota dysbiosis or by direct effects of MCJ-deficiency. Here, we demonstrate that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from MCJ-deficient into germ-free mice was sufficient to confer increased susceptibility to colitis. Therefore, an FMT experiment by cohousing was designed to alter MCJ-deficient microbiota. The phenotype resulting from complex I deficiency was reverted by FMT. In addition, we determined the protein expression pathways impacted by MCJ deficiency, providing insight into the pathophysiology of IBD. Further, we used magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) and 16S rRNA gene sequencing to characterize taxa-specific coating of the intestinal microbiota with Immunoglobulin A (IgA-SEQ) in MCJ-deficient mice. We show that high IgA coating of fecal bacteria observed in MCJ-deficient mice play a potential role in disease progression. This study allowed us to identify potential microbial signatures in feces associated with complex I deficiency and disease progression. This research highlights the importance of finding microbial biomarkers, which might serve as predictors, permitting the stratification of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients into distinct clinical entities of the UC spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainize Peña-Cearra
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Science and Technology Park Bld 801 A, 48160, Derio, Spain
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48080, Bilbao, Spain
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Deguang Song
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, 06519 CT, USA
| | - Janire Castelo
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Science and Technology Park Bld 801 A, 48160, Derio, Spain
| | - Ainhoa Palacios
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Science and Technology Park Bld 801 A, 48160, Derio, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Lavín
- Applied Mathematics Department - Bioinformatics Unit, NEIKER-Basque Institute for Agricultural Research and Development, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Bizkaia, P812, 48160, Derio, Spain
| | - Mikel Azkargorta
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Science and Technology Park Bld 801 A, 48160, Derio, Spain
- CIBERehd, ISCIII, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- ProteoRed-ISCIII, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Felix Elortza
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Science and Technology Park Bld 801 A, 48160, Derio, Spain
- CIBERehd, ISCIII, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- ProteoRed-ISCIII, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Fuertes
- Applied Mathematics Department - Bioinformatics Unit, NEIKER-Basque Institute for Agricultural Research and Development, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Bizkaia, P812, 48160, Derio, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Pascual-Itoiz
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Science and Technology Park Bld 801 A, 48160, Derio, Spain
| | - Diego Barriales
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Science and Technology Park Bld 801 A, 48160, Derio, Spain
| | - Itziar Martín-Ruiz
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Science and Technology Park Bld 801 A, 48160, Derio, Spain
| | - Asier Fullaondo
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Ana M Aransay
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Science and Technology Park Bld 801 A, 48160, Derio, Spain
- CIBERehd, ISCIII, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hector Rodríguez
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Science and Technology Park Bld 801 A, 48160, Derio, Spain
| | - Noah W Palm
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, 06519 CT, USA
| | - Juan Anguita
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Science and Technology Park Bld 801 A, 48160, Derio, Spain.
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Leticia Abecia
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Science and Technology Park Bld 801 A, 48160, Derio, Spain.
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48080, Bilbao, Spain.
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14
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Mousa WK, Mousa S, Ghemrawi R, Obaid D, Sarfraz M, Chehadeh F, Husband S. Probiotics Modulate Host Immune Response and Interact with the Gut Microbiota: Shaping Their Composition and Mediating Antibiotic Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13783. [PMID: 37762089 PMCID: PMC10531388 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The consortium of microbes inhabiting the human body, together with their encoded genes and secreted metabolites, is referred to as the "human microbiome." Several studies have established a link between the composition of the microbiome and its impact on human health. This impact spans local gastrointestinal inflammation to systemic autoimmune disorders and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Autism. Some of these links have been validated by rigorous experiments that identify specific strains as mediators or drivers of a particular condition. Consequently, the development of probiotics to compensate for a missing beneficial microbe(s) has advanced and become popular, especially in the treatment of irritable bowel diseases and to restore disrupted gut flora after antibiotic administration. The widespread use of probiotics is often advocated as a natural ecological therapy. However, this perception is not always accurate, as there is a potential for unexpected interactions when administering live microbial cultures. Here, we designed this research to explore the intricate interactions among probiotics, the host, and microbes through a series of experiments. Our objectives included assessing their immunomodulatory effects, response to oral medications, impact on microbial population dynamics, and mediation of antibiotic resistance. To achieve these goals, we employed diverse experimental protocols, including cell-based enzyme -linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), antibiotic susceptibility testing, antimicrobial activity assays, computational prediction of probiotic genes responsible for antibiotic resistance, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based validation of predicted genes, and survival assays of probiotics in the presence of selected oral medications. Our findings highlight that more than half of the tested probiotics trigger an inflammatory response in the Caco-2 cell line, are influenced by oral medications, exhibit antibacterial activity, and possess genes encoding antimicrobial resistance. These results underscore the necessity for a reevaluation of probiotic usage and emphasize the importance of establishing regulations to govern probiotic testing, approval, and administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa K. Mousa
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 64141, United Arab Emirates; (S.M.); (R.G.); (D.O.); (M.S.)
- AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 112612, United Arab Emirates
- College of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Sara Mousa
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 64141, United Arab Emirates; (S.M.); (R.G.); (D.O.); (M.S.)
- AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 112612, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rose Ghemrawi
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 64141, United Arab Emirates; (S.M.); (R.G.); (D.O.); (M.S.)
- AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 112612, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dana Obaid
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 64141, United Arab Emirates; (S.M.); (R.G.); (D.O.); (M.S.)
- AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 112612, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muhammad Sarfraz
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 64141, United Arab Emirates; (S.M.); (R.G.); (D.O.); (M.S.)
- AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 112612, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fadia Chehadeh
- Anschutz Medical Campus, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 173364, USA;
| | - Shannon Husband
- Department of Biology, Whitman College, Walla Walla, WA 99362, USA;
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15
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Ashique S, Mishra N, Garg A, Sibuh BZ, Taneja P, Rai G, Djearamane S, Wong LS, Al-Dayan N, Roychoudhury S, Kesari KK, Slama P, Roychoudhury S, Gupta PK. Recent updates on correlation between reactive oxygen species and synbiotics for effective management of ulcerative colitis. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1126579. [PMID: 37545572 PMCID: PMC10400011 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1126579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is presently considered a multifactorial pathology, which may lead to persistent inflammatory action of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) because of an improperly managed immunological reactivity to the intestinal microbiota found in the GIT. The immune response to common commensal microbes plays an essential role in intestinal inflammation related to UC synbiotics, and it is an important element in the optimal therapy of UC. Therefore, synbiotics, i.e., a mixture of prebiotics and probiotics, may help control the diseased state. Synbiotics alleviate the inflammation of the colon by lowering the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and improving the level of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Prebiotic supplementation is not a common practice at the moment, despite numerous research findings proving that the benefits of both probiotics and prebiotics encourage their continued existence and positioning in the GIT, with positive effects on human health by managing the inflammatory response. However, the fact that there have been fewer studies on the treatment of UC with different probiotics coupled with selected prebiotics, i.e., synbiotics, and the outcomes of these studies have been very favorable. This evidence-based study explores the possible role of ROS, SOD, and synbiotics in managing the UC. The proposed review also focuses on the role of alteration of gut microbiota, antioxidant defense in the gastrointestinal tract, and the management of UC. Thus, the current article emphasizes oxidative stress signaling in the GI tract, oxidative stress-based pathomechanisms in UC patients, and UC therapies inhibiting oxidative stress' effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumel Ashique
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Pandaveswar School of Pharmacy, Pandaveswar, West Bengal, India
| | - Neeraj Mishra
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Madhya Pradesh, Gwalior, India
| | - Ashish Garg
- Department of P.G. Studies and Research in Chemistry and Pharmacy, Rani Durgavati University, Jabalpur, India
| | - Belay Zeleke Sibuh
- Department of Biotechnology, Sharda School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Pankaj Taneja
- Department of Biotechnology, Sharda School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Gopal Rai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Guru Ramdas Institute of Science and Technology, Jabalpur, India
| | - Sinouvassane Djearamane
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, Malaysia
| | - Ling Shing Wong
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Noura Al-Dayan
- Department of Medical Lab Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Kavindra Kumar Kesari
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Petr Slama
- Laboratory of Animal Immunology and Biotechnology, Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | | | - Piyush Kumar Gupta
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia
- Department of Life Sciences, Sharda School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, India
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16
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Pagnini C, Di Paolo MC, Urgesi R, Pallotta L, Fanello G, Graziani MG, Delle Fave G. Safety and Potential Role of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Administration as Monotherapy in Ulcerative Colitis Patients with Mild-Moderate Clinical Activity. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1381. [PMID: 37374884 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are microorganisms that confer benefits to the host, and, for this reason, they have been proposed in several pathologic states. Specifically, probiotic bacteria have been investigated as a therapeutic option in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients, but clinical results are dishomogeneous. In particular, many probiotic species with different therapeutic schemes have been proposed, but no study has investigated probiotics in monotherapy in adequate trials for the induction of remission. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is the more intensively studied probiotic and it has ideal characteristics for utilization in UC patients. The aim of the present study is to investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of LGG administration in an open trial, delivered in monotherapy at two different doses, in UC patients with mild-moderate disease. The UC patients with mild-moderate disease activity (Partial Mayo score ≥ 2) despite treatment with oral mesalamine were included. The patients stopped oral mesalamine and were followed up for one month, then were randomized to receive LGG supplement at dose of 1.2 or 2.4 × 1010 CFU/day for one month. At the end of the study, the clinical activity was evaluated and compared to that at the study entrance (efficacy). Adverse events were recorded (safety). The primary end-point was clinical improvement (reduction in the Partial Mayo score) and no serious adverse events, while the secondary end-points were the evaluation of different efficacies and safeties between the two doses of LGG. The patients with disease flares dropped out of the study and went back to standard therapy. The efficacy data were analyzed in an intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) analysis. Out of the 76 patients included in the study, 75 started the probiotic therapy (n = 38 and 37 per group). In the ITT analysis, 32/76 (42%) responded to treatment, 21/76 (28%) remained stable, and 23/76 (30%) had a worsening of their clinical condition; 55 (72%) completed the treatment and were analyzed in a PP analysis: 32/55 (58%) had a clinical response, 21 (38%) remained stable, and 2 (4%) had a light worsening of their clinical condition (p < 0.0001). Overall, 37% of the patients had a disease remission. No severe adverse event was recorded, and only one patient stopped therapy due to obstinate constipation. No difference in the clinical efficacy and safety has been recorded between groups treated with different doses of LGG. The present prospective clinical trial demonstrates, for the first time, that LGG in monotherapy is safe and effective for the induction of remission in UC patients with mild-moderate disease activity (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04102852).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Pagnini
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, S. Giovanni Addolorata Hospital, Via dell'Amba Aradam 9, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Carla Di Paolo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, S. Giovanni Addolorata Hospital, Via dell'Amba Aradam 9, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Urgesi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, S. Giovanni Addolorata Hospital, Via dell'Amba Aradam 9, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Lorella Pallotta
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, S. Giovanni Addolorata Hospital, Via dell'Amba Aradam 9, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Fanello
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, S. Giovanni Addolorata Hospital, Via dell'Amba Aradam 9, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Graziani
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, S. Giovanni Addolorata Hospital, Via dell'Amba Aradam 9, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Delle Fave
- Department of Gastroenterology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Onlus "S. Andrea", 00199 Rome, Italy
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17
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Mukherjee A, Iyer A, Gómez-Sala B, O'Connor E, Kenny JG, Cotter PD. Mapping the available evidence on the impact of ingested live microbes on health: a scoping review protocol. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e067766. [PMID: 37197820 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-067766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It has been hypothesised that the regular consumption of safe, live microbes confers health-promoting attributes, including the prevention of disease. To address this hypothesis, we propose a scoping review approach that will systematically assess the large corpus of relevant literature that is now available on this research topic. This article outlines a protocol for a scoping review of published studies on interventions with live microbes in non-patient populations across eight health categories. The scoping review aims to catalogue types of interventions, measured outcomes, dosages, effectiveness, as well as current research gaps. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The scoping review will follow the six-staged protocol as proposed by Arksey and O'Malley and will include the following stages: defining the research questions (stage 1); defining the eligibility criteria and finalising search strategy (stage 2); selection of studies based on the eligibility criteria (stage 3); development of a data extraction framework and charting of data (stage 4); aggregation of results and summarisation of findings (stage 5); and the optional consultation with stakeholders (stage 6), which will not be performed. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Since the scoping review synthesises information from existing literature, no separate ethical approval is required. The findings of the scoping review will be communicated for publication to an open-access, peer-reviewed scientific journal, presented at relevant conferences, and disseminated at future workshops with all relevant data and documents being available online through the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/kvhe7).
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghya Mukherjee
- Department of Food Biosciences, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, County Cork, Ireland
| | - Ajay Iyer
- Department of Food Biosciences, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, County Cork, Ireland
| | - Beatriz Gómez-Sala
- Department of Food Biosciences, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, County Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, County Cork, Ireland
| | - Eibhlis O'Connor
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, County Cork, Ireland
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - John G Kenny
- Department of Food Biosciences, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, County Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, County Cork, Ireland
| | - Paul D Cotter
- Department of Food Biosciences, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, County Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, County Cork, Ireland
- Vistamilk, Cork, Ireland
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18
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Ni Y, Zhang Y, Zheng L, Rong N, Yang Y, Gong P, Yang Y, Siwu X, Zhang C, Zhu L, Fu Z. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus improve inflammatory bowel disease in zebrafish of different ages by regulating the intestinal mucosal barrier and microbiota. Life Sci 2023; 324:121699. [PMID: 37061125 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients are accompanied by impaired intestinal barrier integrity and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Strategies targeting the gut microbiota are potential therapies for preventing and ameliorating IBD. MAIN METHODS The potential roles of two probiotic stains, Bifidobacterium longum BL986 (BL986) and Lactobacillus casei LC122 (LC122), on intestinal mucosal barrier function and microbiota in IBD zebrafish of different ages were investigated. KEY FINDINGS BL986 and LC122 treatment promoted the development and increased the microbiota diversity in larval zebrafish. Both probiotic treatment ameliorated mortality, promoted intestinal mucus secretion, and reduced the expression of inflammatory markers, thereby improving intestinal mucosal barrier function in dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) and 2,4,6-trinitro-benzenesulfonicacid (TNBS)-induced Crohn's disease (CD) models in zebrafish. Moreover, the composition and function of microbiota were altered in IBD zebrafish, and probiotics treatment displayed prominent microbiota features. BL986 was more potent in the DSS-induced UC model, and increased the abundance of Faecalibaculum and butyric acid levels. LC122 exerted better protection against TNBS-induced CD, and increased the abundance of Enhydrobacter and acetic acid levels. Furthermore, the effect of probiotics was stronger in larval and aged zebrafish. CONCLUSION The impact of probiotics on IBD might differ from the subtypes of IBD and the age of the zebrafish, suggesting the types of disease and age should be taken into full consideration during the practical usage of probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinhua Ni
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Liujie Zheng
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Nianke Rong
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Yuru Yang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Ping Gong
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Yi Yang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Xuerong Siwu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Chenyang Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Linxi Zhu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Zhengwei Fu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
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Bile salt hydrolase of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum plays important roles in amelioration of DSS-induced colitis. iScience 2023; 26:106196. [PMID: 36895642 PMCID: PMC9988676 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bile salt hydrolases are thought to be the gatekeepers of bile acid metabolism. To study the role of BSH in colitis, we investigated the ameliorative effects of different BSH-knockout strains of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum AR113. The results showed that L. plantarum Δbsh 1 and Δbsh 3 treatments did not improve body weight and alleviate the hyperactivated myeloperoxidase activity to the DSS group. However, the findings for L. plantarum AR113, L. plantarum Δbsh 2 and Δbsh 4 treatments were completely opposite. The double and triple bsh knockout strains further confirmed that BSH 1 and BSH 3 are critical for the ameliorative effects of L. plantarum AR113. In addition, L. plantarum Δbsh 1 and Δbsh 3 did not significantly inhibit the increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines or the decrease in an anti-inflammatory cytokine. These results suggest that BSH 1 and BSH 3 in L. plantarum play important roles in alleviating enteritis symptoms.
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Gorbenko AV, Skirdenko YP, Andreev KA, Fedorin MM, Nikolaev NA, Livzan MA. Microbiota and Cardiovascular Diseases: Mechanisms of Influence and Correction Possibilities. RATIONAL PHARMACOTHERAPY IN CARDIOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.20996/1819-6446-2023-01-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The term "microbiota" refers to the microbial community occupying a specific habitat with defined physical and chemical properties and forming specific ecological niches. The adult intestinal microbiota is diverse. It mainly consists of bacteria of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes types. The link between the gut microbiota and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is being actively discussed. Rapid progress in this field is explained by the development of new generation sequencing methods and the use of sterile gut mice in experiments. More and more data are being published about the influence of microbiota on the development and course of hypertension, coronary heart disease (IHD), myocardial hypertrophy, chronic heart failure (CHF) and atrial fibrillation (AF). Diet therapy, antibacterial drugs, pro- and prebiotics are successfully used as tools to correct the structure of the gut microbiota of the macroorganism. Correction of gut microbiota in an experiment on rats with coronary occlusion demonstrates a significant reduction in necrotic area. A study involving patients suffering from CHF reveals a significant reduction in the level of uric acid, highly sensitive C-reactive protein, and creatinine. In addition to structural and laboratory changes in patients with CVD when modifying the microbiota of the gut, also revealed the effect on the course of arterial hypertension. Correction of gut microbiota has a beneficial effect on the course of AF. We assume that further active study of issues of influence and interaction of gut microbiota and macroorganism may in the foreseeable future make significant adjustments in approaches to treatment of such patients.
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21
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Ney LM, Wipplinger M, Grossmann M, Engert N, Wegner VD, Mosig AS. Short chain fatty acids: key regulators of the local and systemic immune response in inflammatory diseases and infections. Open Biol 2023; 13:230014. [PMID: 36977462 PMCID: PMC10049789 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.230014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The human intestinal microbiome substantially affects human health and resistance to infections in its dynamic composition and varying release of microbial-derived metabolites. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced by commensal bacteria through fermentation of indigestible fibres are considered key regulators in orchestrating the host immune response to microbial colonization by regulating phagocytosis, chemokine and central signalling pathways of cell growth and apoptosis, thereby shaping the composition and functionality of the intestinal epithelial barrier. Although research of the last decades provided valuable insight into the pleiotropic functions of SCFAs and their capability to maintain human health, mechanistic details on how SCFAs act across different cell types and other organs are not fully understood. In this review, we provide an overview of the various functions of SCFAs in regulating cellular metabolism, emphasizing the orchestration of the immune response along the gut-brain, the gut-lung and the gut-liver axes. We discuss their potential pharmacological use in inflammatory diseases and infections and highlight new options of relevant human three-dimensional organ models to investigate and validate their biological functions in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa-Marie Ney
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Jena University Hospital, Kastanienallee 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Maximilian Wipplinger
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Jena University Hospital, Kastanienallee 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Martha Grossmann
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Jena University Hospital, Kastanienallee 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Nicole Engert
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Jena University Hospital, Kastanienallee 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Valentin D Wegner
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Jena University Hospital, Kastanienallee 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Alexander S Mosig
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Jena University Hospital, Kastanienallee 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
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22
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Halper-Stromberg A, Dalal SR. The Role of the Microbiome in the Etiology of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Clin Colon Rectal Surg 2023; 36:120-126. [PMID: 36844713 PMCID: PMC9946717 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1760680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) result from dysregulated immune responses to environmental and microbial triggers in genetically susceptible hosts. Many clinical observations and animal studies support the role of the microbiome in the pathogenesis of IBD. Restoration of the fecal stream leads to postoperative Crohn's recurrence, while diversion can treat active inflammation. Antibiotics can be effective in prevention of postoperative Crohn's recurrence and in pouch inflammation. Several gene mutations associated with Crohn's risk lead to functional changes in microbial sensing and handling. However, the evidence linking the microbiome to the IBD is largely correlative, given the difficulty in studying the microbiome before disease occurs. Attempts to modify the microbial triggers of inflammation have had modest success to date. Exclusive enteral nutrition can treat Crohn's inflammation though no whole food diet to date has been shown to treat inflammation. Manipulation of the microbiome through fecal microbiota transplant and probiotics have had limited success. Further focus on early changes in the microbiome and functional consequences of microbial changes through the study of metabolomics are needed to help advance the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Halper-Stromberg
- University of Chicago Medicine Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Dept of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sushila R. Dalal
- University of Chicago Medicine Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Dept of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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23
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Fuxman C, Sicilia B, Linares ME, García-López S, González Sueyro R, González-Lamac Y, Zabana Y, Hinojosa J, Barreiro-de Acosta M, Balderramo D, Balfour D, Bellicoso M, Daffra P, Morelli D, Orsi M, Rausch A, Ruffinengo O, Toro M, Sambuelli A, Novillo A, Gomollón F, De Paula JA. GADECCU 2022 Guideline for the treatment of Ulcerative Colitis. Adaptation and updating of the GETECCU 2020 Guideline. GASTROENTEROLOGIA Y HEPATOLOGIA 2023; 46 Suppl 1:S1-S56. [PMID: 36731724 DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2023.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease that compromises the colon, affecting the quality of life of individuals of any age. In practice, there is a wide spectrum of clinical situations. The advances made in the physio pathogenesis of UC have allowed the development of new, more effective and safer therapeutic agents. OBJECTIVES To update and expand the evaluation of the efficacy and safety of relevant treatments for remission induction and maintenance after a mild, moderate or severe flare of UC. RECIPIENTS Gastroenterologists, coloproctologists, general practitioners, family physicians and others health professionals, interested in the treatment of UC. METHODOLOGY GADECCU authorities obtained authorization from GETECCU to adapt and update the GETECCU 2020 Guide for the treatment of UC. Prepared with GRADE methodology. A team was formed that included authors, a panel of experts, a nurse and a patient, methodological experts, and external reviewers. GRADE methodology was used with the new information. RESULTS A 118-page document was prepared with the 44 GADECCU 2022 recommendations, for different clinical situations and therapeutic options, according to levels of evidence. A section was added with the new molecules that are about to be available. CONCLUSIONS This guideline has been made in order to facilitate decision-making regarding the treatment of UC, adapting and updating the guide prepared by GETECCU in the year 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Fuxman
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Universitario Fundación Favaloro, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Beatriz Sicilia
- Unidad de Enfermedad Inflamatoria Intestinal, Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario de Burgos, Burgos, España
| | - María Eugenia Linares
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Santiago García-López
- Unidad de Enfermedad Inflamatoria Intestinal, Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Aragón, Zaragoza, España
| | - Ramiro González Sueyro
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Yago González-Lamac
- Unidad de Enfermedad Inflamatoria Intestinal, Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, España
| | - Yamile Zabana
- Unidad de Enfermedad Inflamatoria Intestinal, Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Mútua Terrassa, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, España
| | - Joaquín Hinojosa
- Unidad de Enfermedad Inflamatoria Intestinal, Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital de Manise, Valencia, España
| | - Manuel Barreiro-de Acosta
- Unidad de Enfermedad Inflamatoria Intestinal, Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, España
| | - Domingo Balderramo
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Privado Universitario de Córdoba, Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Biomédicas de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Deborah Balfour
- Unidad de Enfermedades Inflamatorias, HIGEA Clínica de Gastroenterología, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Maricel Bellicoso
- Área de Gastroenterología, Inmunología Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pamela Daffra
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Central de Mendoza, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Daniela Morelli
- Departamento de Educación, Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marina Orsi
- Servicio de Gastroenterología Pediátrica, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Astrid Rausch
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Orlando Ruffinengo
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Provincial del Centenario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Martín Toro
- Unidad de Enfermedades Inflamatorias, HIGEA Clínica de Gastroenterología, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Alicia Sambuelli
- Sección de Enfermedades Inflamatorias Intestinales, Hospital Bonorino Udaondo, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Abel Novillo
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Sanatorio 9 de Julio, Tucumán, Argentina.
| | - Fernando Gomollón
- Unidad de Enfermedad Inflamatoria Intestinal, Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Aragón, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestiva (CIBEREHD), Zaragoza, España
| | - Juan Andrés De Paula
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Nakase H, Esaki M, Hirai F, Kobayashi T, Matsuoka K, Matsuura M, Naganuma M, Saruta M, Tsuchiya K, Uchino M, Watanabe K, Hisamatsu T. Treatment escalation and de-escalation decisions in Crohn's disease: Delphi consensus recommendations from Japan, 2021. J Gastroenterol 2023; 58:313-345. [PMID: 36773075 PMCID: PMC10050046 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-023-01958-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to develop criteria for treatment intensification in patients with (1) luminal Crohn's disease (CD), (2) CD with perianal disease and/or fistula, (3) CD with small bowel stenosis, (4) in the postoperative setting, and (5) for discontinuing or reducing the dose of treatment in patients with CD. METHODS PubMed and Embase were searched for studies published since 1998 which may be relevant to the five defined topics. Results were assessed for relevant studies, with preference given to data from randomized, controlled studies. For each question, a core panel of 12 gastroenterologists defined the treatment target and developed statements, based on the literature, current guidelines, and relevant additional studies. The evidence supporting each statement was graded using the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine: Levels of Evidence (March 2009). A modified Delphi process was used to refine statements and gain agreement from 54 Japanese specialists at in-person and online meetings conducted between October 2020 and April 2021. RESULTS Seventeen statements were developed for treatment intensification in luminal CD (targeting endoscopic remission), six statements for treatment intensification in perianal/fistulizing CD (targeting healing of perianal lesions and complete closure of the fistula), six statements for treatment intensification in CD with small bowel stenosis (targeting resolution of obstructive symptoms), seven statements for treatment intensification after surgery (targeting endoscopic remission), and five statements for discontinuing or reducing the dose of treatment in patients with CD. CONCLUSIONS These statements provide guidance on how and when to intensify or de-intensify treatment for a broad spectrum of patients with CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nakase
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-16, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543 Japan
| | - Motohiro Esaki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Fumihito Hirai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Taku Kobayashi
- Center for Advanced IBD Research and Treatment, Kitasato University, Kitasato Institute Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuyoshi Matsuoka
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Sakura, Chiba Japan
| | - Minoru Matsuura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka-Shi, Tokyo, 181-8611 Japan
| | - Makoto Naganuma
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masayuki Saruta
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiichiro Tsuchiya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Motoi Uchino
- Division of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo Japan
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo Japan
| | - Tadakazu Hisamatsu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka-Shi, Tokyo, 181-8611 Japan
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Vakadaris G, Stefanis C, Giorgi E, Brouvalis M, Voidarou C(C, Kourkoutas Y, Tsigalou C, Bezirtzoglou E. The Role of Probiotics in Inducing and Maintaining Remission in Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020494. [PMID: 36831029 PMCID: PMC9952932 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are chronic inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract affecting millions of patients worldwide. The gut microbiome partly determines the pathogenesis of both diseases. Even though probiotics have been widely used as a potential treatment, their efficacy in inducing and maintaining remission is still controversial. Our study aims to review the present-day literature about the possible role of probiotics in treating inflammatory bowel diseases in adults. This research was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We included studies concerning adult patients who compared probiotics with placebo or non-probiotic intervention. We identified thirty-three studies, including 2713 patients from fourteen countries. The role of probiotics in Crohn's disease was examined in eleven studies. Only four studies presented statistically significant results in the remission of disease, primarily when used for three to six months. On the other hand, in twenty-one out of twenty-five studies, probiotics proved effective in achieving or maintaining remission in ulcerative colitis. Supplementation with Bifidobacterium sp. or a combination of probiotics is the most effective intervention, especially when compared with a placebo. There is strong evidence supporting the usage of probiotic supplementation in patients with ulcerative colitis, yet more research is needed to justify their efficacy in Crohn's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Vakadaris
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Christos Stefanis
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
- Correspondence:
| | - Elpida Giorgi
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Merkourios Brouvalis
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Chrysoula (Chrysa) Voidarou
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Food Hygiene and Quality, Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 47132 Arta, Greece
| | - Yiannis Kourkoutas
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Christina Tsigalou
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, 60100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Eugenia Bezirtzoglou
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
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26
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Lomer MCE, Wilson B, Wall CL. British Dietetic Association consensus guidelines on the nutritional assessment and dietary management of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. J Hum Nutr Diet 2023; 36:336-377. [PMID: 35735908 PMCID: PMC10084145 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite increased awareness of diet and nutrition being integral to the management of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), there are gaps in the knowledge of IBD healthcare providers regarding nutrition. Furthermore, high quality evidence on nutritional assessment and dietary management of IBD is limited. A Delphi consensus from a panel of experts allows for best-practice guidelines to be developed, especially where high quality evidence is limited. The aim was to develop guidelines for the nutritional assessment and dietary management of IBD using an eDelphi online consensus agreement platform. METHODS Seventeen research topics related to IBD and nutrition were systematically reviewed. Searches in Cochrane, Embase®, Medline® and Scopus® electronic databases were performed. GRADE was used to develop recommendations. Experts from the IBD community (healthcare professionals and patients with IBD) were invited to vote anonymously on the recommendations in a custom-built online platform. Three rounds of voting were carried out with updated iterations of the recommendations and evaluative text based on feedback from the previous round. RESULTS From 23,824 non-duplicated papers, 167 were critically appraised. Fifty-five participants completed three rounds of voting and 14 GRADE statements and 42 practice statements achieved 80% consensus. Comprehensive guidance related to nutrition assessment, nutrition screening and dietary management is provided. CONCLUSIONS Guidelines on the nutritional assessment and dietary management of IBD have been developed using evidence-based consensus to improve equality of care. The statements and practice statements developed demonstrate the level of agreement and the quality and strength of the guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda C E Lomer
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Bridgette Wilson
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Catherine L Wall
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.,Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
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27
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Yao CK, Sarbagili-Shabat C. Gaseous metabolites as therapeutic targets in ulcerative colitis. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:682-691. [PMID: 36742165 PMCID: PMC9896612 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i4.682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet therapies are currently under-utilised in optimising clinical outcomes for patients with active ulcerative colitis (UC). Furthermore, existing dietary therapies are framed by poorly defined mechanistic targets to warrant its success. There is good evidence to suggest that microbial production of gaseous metabolites, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and nitric oxide (NO) are implicated in the development of mucosal inflammation in UC. On a cellular level, exposure of the colonic epithelium to excessive concentrations of these gases are shown to promote functional defects described in UC. Hence, targeting bacterial production of these gases could provide an opportunity to formulate new dietary therapies in UC. Despite the paucity of evidence, there is epidemiological and clinical data to support the concept of reducing mucosal inflammation in UC via dietary strategies that reduce H2S. Several dietary components, namely sulphur-containing amino acids and inorganic sulphur have been shown to be influential in enhancing colonic H2S production. More recent data suggests increasing the supply of readily fermentable fibre as an effective strategy for H2S reduction. Conversely, very little is known regarding how diet alters microbial production of NO. Hence, the current evidence suggest that a whole diet approach is needed. Finally, biomarkers for assessing changes in microbial gaseous metabolites in response to dietary interventions are very much required. In conclusion, this review identifies a great need for high quality randomised-controlled trials to demonstrate the efficacy of a sulphide-reducing dietary therapy for patients with active UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu K Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Chen Sarbagili-Shabat
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, PIBD Research Center, Wolfson Medical Center, Holon 5822012, Israel
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28
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Hizay A, Dag K, Oz N, Comak-Gocer EM, Ozbey-Unlu O, Ucak M, Keles-Celik N. Lactobacillus acidophilus regulates abnormal serotonin availability in experimental ulcerative colitis. Anaerobe 2023; 80:102710. [PMID: 36708801 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Probiotics are known to play a beneficial role in curing irritable bowel syndrome such as ulcerative colitis. Commensal Lactobacillus species are thought to play a protective role against ulcerative colitis, as they restore homeostasis in intestinal disorders. Abnormal serotonin availability has been described in ulcerative colitis, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory role of Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) and its effect on serotonin expression. METHODS Ulcerative colitis was created with the intrarectal administration of acetic acid. A total of 40 adult male rats were divided into five groups of eight rats as control, sham, experimental colitis, treatment (Colitis + L. acidophilus) and protective group (L. acidophilus + colitis). To evaluate the effects of L. acidophilus on serotonin expression in ulcerative colitis, this bacterial strain was administered orally to the rats with acetic acid-induced colitis. After oral administration of L. acidophilus for 14 days, serotonin content was biochemically measured and serotonin expression was evaluated immunohistochemically. RESULTS The expression of serotonin and its protein content was significantly increased in colitis compared to the control and sham groups. Abnormal serotonin availability in the rats with acetic acid-induced colitis was significantly reduced by the L. acidophilus. CONCLUSIONS In our study, it was observed that the amount of serotonin in the intestinal tissue increased excessively with ulcerative colitis. In addition, L.acidophilus has been found to reduce the abnormally increased amount of serotonin in the colon tissue, as well as reduce the inflammation in the intestinal tissue that occurs with ulcerative colitis. With our findings, it is predicted that probiotic application can be used as a treatment option in ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arzu Hizay
- Department of Anatomy, Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Kubra Dag
- Department of Anatomy, Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Nuriye Oz
- Department of Anatomy, Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Emine Mine Comak-Gocer
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Akdeniz University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Ozlem Ozbey-Unlu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Melike Ucak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Nigar Keles-Celik
- Department of Anatomy, Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey.
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29
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Alam MZ, Maslanka JR, Abt MC. Immunological consequences of microbiome-based therapeutics. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1046472. [PMID: 36713364 PMCID: PMC9878555 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1046472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The complex network of microscopic organisms living on and within humans, collectively referred to as the microbiome, produce wide array of biologically active molecules that shape our health. Disruption of the microbiome is associated with susceptibility to a range of diseases such as cancer, diabetes, allergy, obesity, and infection. A new series of next-generation microbiome-based therapies are being developed to treat these diseases by transplanting bacteria or bacterial-derived byproducts into a diseased individual to reset the recipient's microbiome and restore health. Microbiome transplantation therapy is still in its early stages of being a routine treatment option and, with a few notable exceptions, has had limited success in clinical trials. In this review, we highlight the successes and challenges of implementing these therapies to treat disease with a focus on interactions between the immune system and microbiome-based therapeutics. The immune activation status of the microbiome transplant recipient prior to transplantation has an important role in supporting bacterial engraftment. Following engraftment, microbiome transplant derived signals can modulate immune function to ameliorate disease. As novel microbiome-based therapeutics are developed, consideration of how the transplants will interact with the immune system will be a key factor in determining whether the microbiome-based transplant elicits its intended therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michael C. Abt
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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30
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Yan XX, Wu D. Intestinal microecology-based treatment for inflammatory bowel disease: Progress and prospects. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:47-56. [PMID: 36687179 PMCID: PMC9846986 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i1.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, recurrent, and debilitating disorder, and includes Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. The pathogenesis of IBD is closely associated with intestinal dysbiosis, but has not yet been fully clarified. Genetic and environmental factors can influence IBD patients’ gut microbiota and metabolism, disrupt intestinal barriers, and trigger abnormal immune responses. Studies have reported the alteration of gut microbiota and metabolites in IBD, providing the basis for potential therapeutic options. Intestinal microbiota-based treatments such as pre/probiotics, metabolite supplementation, and fecal microbiota transplantation have been extensively studied, but their clinical efficacy remains controversial. Repairing the intestinal barrier and promoting mucosal healing have also been proposed. We here review the current clinical trials on intestinal microecology and discuss the prospect of research and practice in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia-Xiao Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Dong Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
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31
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Li M, Ding J, Stanton C, Ross RP, Zhao J, Yang B, Chen W. Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis FJSYZ1M3 ameliorates DSS-induced colitis by maintaining the intestinal barrier, regulating inflammatory cytokines, and modifying gut microbiota. Food Funct 2023; 14:354-368. [PMID: 36511157 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03263e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
B. longum subsp. infantis is a subspecies of Bifidobacterium longum, and very few strains are shown to have immunomodulatory effects. In the present study, the improvement of dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis by four B. longum subsp. infantis strains was compared. The results showed that B. longum subsp. infantis FJSYZ1M3 could significantly decrease disease activity index (DAI), inhibit weight loss and colon shortening, and attenuate colon tissue damage in DSS-induced colitis mice. And B. longum subsp. infantis FJSYZ1M3 intervention improved the integrity of intestinal tight junctions, relieved mucus layer damage and inhibited epithelial cell apoptosis, thereby maintaining the intestinal barrier. Additionally, B. longum subsp. infantis FJSYZ1M3 significantly affected the levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-10 in the colon, thus relieving inflammation in colitis mice. Furthermore, B. longum subsp. infantis FJSYZ1M3 could ameliorate gut microbiota disturbance caused by DSS exposure and increase the level of butyric acid in cecal contents. In general, these findings suggested that B. longum subsp. infantis FJSYZ1M3 alleviated DSS-induced colitis by maintaining the intestinal barrier, regulating inflammatory cytokines, and modifying the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
| | - Jiuhong Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuxi Second People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Catherine Stanton
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Pharmabiotics & Antibiotic Resistance, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Co., Cork, Ireland
| | - R Paul Ross
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Pharmabiotics & Antibiotic Resistance, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China. .,National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China. .,International Joint Research Laboratory for Pharmabiotics & Antibiotic Resistance, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China. .,National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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32
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Development of novel probiotics for the intestinal diseases associated with mucin alterations by adaptive laboratory evolution. Med Hypotheses 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2022.110999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Dargenio VN, Castellaneta S, Panico S, Papagni ME, Dargenio C, Schettini F, Francavilla R, Cristofori F. Probiotics and gastrointestinal diseases. Minerva Pediatr (Torino) 2022; 74:703-723. [PMID: 36315413 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5276.22.07031-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
During the past decades, scientists have discovered the intimate role of the gut microbiome in human health, and since then, several papers have been published to investigate if the use of biotics (probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics) may have a beneficial impact on human health both in treatment and prevention. We now ask ourselves whether we have reached the finish line or just a new starting point, as the evidence supporting the use of biotics in several conditions still needs a lot of work. Many questions remain unanswered today because the evidence differs depending on the indication, used strain, and amount and duration of administration. Herein we will summarize the evidence on probiotics in some gastrointestinal diseases such as infantile colic, functional abdominal pain disorders, celiac disease, acute gastroenteritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and Helicobacter pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa N Dargenio
- Section of Pediatrics, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Giovanni XXIII Children's Hospital, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Stefania Castellaneta
- Section of Pediatrics, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Giovanni XXIII Children's Hospital, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Serena Panico
- Section of Pediatrics, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Giovanni XXIII Children's Hospital, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria E Papagni
- Section of Pediatrics, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Giovanni XXIII Children's Hospital, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Costantino Dargenio
- Section of Pediatrics, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Giovanni XXIII Children's Hospital, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Federico Schettini
- Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Ruggiero Francavilla
- Section of Pediatrics, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Giovanni XXIII Children's Hospital, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy -
| | - Fernanda Cristofori
- Section of Pediatrics, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Giovanni XXIII Children's Hospital, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
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Yu J, Cheon JH. Microbial Modulation in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Immune Netw 2022; 22:e44. [PMID: 36627937 PMCID: PMC9807960 DOI: 10.4110/in.2022.22.e44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut dysbiosis is one of prominent features in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) which are of an unknown etiology. Although the cause-and-effect relationship between IBD and gut dysbiosis remains to be elucidated, one area of research has focused on the management of IBD by modulating and correcting gut dysbiosis. The use of antibiotics, probiotics either with or without prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation from healthy donors are representative methods for modulating the intestinal microbiota ecosystem. The gut microbiota is not a simple assembly of bacteria, fungi, and viruses, but a complex organ-like community system composed of numerous kinds of microorganisms. Thus, studies on specific changes in the gut microbiota depending on which treatment option is applied are very limited. Here, we review previous studies on microbial modulation as a therapeutic option for IBD and its significance in the pathogenesis of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongwook Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jae Hee Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
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Buffet-Bataillon S, Bouguen G, Fleury F, Cattoir V, Le Cunff Y. Gut microbiota analysis for prediction of clinical relapse in Crohn's disease. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19929. [PMID: 36402792 PMCID: PMC9675750 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23757-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of intestinal bacterial microbiota has been described as key in the pathophysiology of Crohn's disease (CD). CD is characterized by frequent relapses after periods of remission which are not entirely understood. In this paper, we investigate whether the heterogeneity in microbiota profiles in CD patients could be a suitable predictor for these relapses. This prospective observational study involved 259 CD patients, in which 41 provided an additional total of 62 consecutive fecal samples, with an average interval of 25 weeks in between each of these samples. Fecal microbiota was analyzed by massive genomic sequencing through 16 S rRNA amplicon sampling. We found that our 259 CD patients could be split into three distinct subgroups of microbiota (G1, G2, G3). From G1 to G3, we noticed a progressive decrease in alpha diversity (p ≤ 0.0001) but no change in the fecal calprotectin (FC) level. Focusing on the 103 consecutive samples from 41 CD patients, we showed that the patients microbiota profiles were remarkably stable over time and associated with increasing symptom severity. Investigating further this microbiota/severity association revealed that the first signs of aggravation are (1) a loss of the main anti-inflammatory Short-Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs) Roseburia, Eubacterium, Subdoligranumum, Ruminococcus (P < 0.05), (2) an increase in pro-inflammatory pathogens Proteus, Finegoldia (P < 0.05) while (3) an increase of other minor SCFA producers such as Ezakiella, Anaerococcus, Megasphaera, Anaeroglobus, Fenollaria (P < 0.05). Further aggravation of clinical signs is significantly linked to the subsequent loss of these minor SCFAs species and to an increase in other proinflammatory Proteobacteria such as Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Salmonella, Acinetobacter, Hafnia and proinflammatory Firmicutes such as Staphylococcus, Enterococcus, Streptococcus. (P < 0.05). To our knowledge, this is the first study (1) specifically identifying subgroups of microbiota profiles in CD patients, (2) relating these groups to the evolution of symptoms over time and (3) showing a two-step process in CD symptoms' worsening. This paves the way towards a better understanding of patient-to-patient heterogeneity, as well as providing early warning signals of future aggravation of the symptoms and eventually adapting empirically treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Buffet-Bataillon
- grid.410368.80000 0001 2191 9284INSERM, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer), CHU Rennes, Université Rennes 1, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Guillaume Bouguen
- grid.410368.80000 0001 2191 9284CIC 1414, INSERM, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer), CHU Rennes, Université Rennes 1, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - François Fleury
- grid.410368.80000 0001 2191 9284INSERM, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer), CHU Rennes, Université Rennes 1, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Vincent Cattoir
- grid.410368.80000 0001 2191 9284U1230, INSERM, CHU Rennes, Université Rennes 1, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Yann Le Cunff
- grid.410368.80000 0001 2191 9284Dyliss - Dynamics, Logics and Inference for biological Systems and Sequences, Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Université Rennes 1, Rennes, France
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The Role of Combining Probiotics in Preventing and Controlling Inflammation: A Focus on the Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Effects of Probiotics in an In Vitro Model of IBD. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 2022:2045572. [PMID: 36397951 PMCID: PMC9666007 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2045572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE IBD is an inflammatory disease with abnormalities such as dysbiosis and abnormal immune system activity. Probiotics, as live beneficial microorganisms, play a role in maintaining health through various mechanisms, including the modulation of the immune system and the control of inflammation. Here, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of a probiotic mixture of Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. in modulating JAK/STAT and NF-kB inflammatory signaling pathways. METHOD A quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay was conducted to analyze the expression of JAK/STAT and inflammatory genes after treatment with the probiotic mixture before, after, and simultaneously with the sonicated pathogen in the HT-29 cell line. The production of IL-6 and IL-1β after probiotic treatment was investigated via cytokine assay. RESULTS Treatment with probiotics resulted in downregulation of TIRAP, IRAK4, NEMO, and RIP genes in the NF-kB pathway and JAK/STAT genes compared with sonicat-treated cells as inflammation inducers. The production of IL-6 and IL-1 decreased after probiotic treatment. CONCLUSIONS The probiotic mixture of Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. showed anti-inflammatory effects by modulating JAK/STAT and NF-kB signaling pathways. The use of probiotics could be considered as an appropriate complementary treatment for patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
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Di Candido F. Quality of Life in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBDs) Patients after Surgery. Rev Recent Clin Trials 2022; 17:227-239. [PMID: 35959618 DOI: 10.2174/1574887117666220811143426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBDs) are chronic, relapsing and disabling diseases that affect the gastrointestinal tract. This relapsing course is often unpredictable with severe flares and the need for intensive medical treatment, hospitalization, or emergent/urgent surgery, all of which significantly impact patients' quality of life (QoL). QoL in IBD patients is significantly lower than in the general population, and depression and anxiety have been shown to have a higher prevalence than in healthy individuals, especially during disease flares. Complications requiring hospitalization and repeated surgeries are not uncommon during the disease course and significantly affect QoL in IBD patients. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) can be used to measure the impact of chronic disease on QoL from the patient's perspective. The use of PROMs in IBD patients undergoing surgery could help to investigate the impact of the surgical procedure on QoL and determine whether there is any improvement or worsening. This review summarizes the use of PROMs to assess QoL after various surgical procedures required for IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Di Candido
- Division of General and Emergency Surgery, ASST Nord Milano, Sesto San Giovanni Hospital, Viale Matteotti, 83 - 20099 Sesto San Giovanni (MI) - Italy
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38
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Role of Intestinal Microbes in Chronic Liver Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012661. [PMID: 36293518 PMCID: PMC9603943 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
With the recent availability and upgrading of many emerging intestinal microbes sequencing technologies, our research on intestinal microbes is changing rapidly. A variety of investigations have found that intestinal microbes are essential for immune system regulation and energy metabolism homeostasis, which impacts many critical organs. The liver is the first organ to be traversed by the intestinal portal vein, and there is a strong bidirectional link between the liver and intestine. Many intestinal factors, such as intestinal microbes, bacterial composition, and intestinal bacterial metabolites, are deeply involved in liver homeostasis. Intestinal microbial dysbiosis and increased intestinal permeability are associated with the pathogenesis of many chronic liver diseases, such as alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), chronic hepatitis B (CHB), chronic hepatitis C (CHC), autoimmune liver disease (AIH) and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Intestinal permeability and dysbacteriosis often lead to Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and metabolites entering in serum. Then, Toll-like receptors activation in the liver induces the exposure of the intestine and liver to many small molecules with pro-inflammatory properties. And all of these eventually result in various liver diseases. In this paper, we have discussed the current evidence on the role of various intestinal microbes in different chronic liver diseases. As well as potential new therapeutic approaches are proposed in this review, such as antibiotics, probiotics, and prebiotics, which may have an improvement in liver diseases.
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Gao J, Zhao X, Hu S, Huang Z, Hu M, Jin S, Lu B, Sun K, Wang Z, Fu J, Weersma RK, He X, Zhou H. Gut microbial DL-endopeptidase alleviates Crohn's disease via the NOD2 pathway. Cell Host Microbe 2022; 30:1435-1449.e9. [PMID: 36049483 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The pattern-recognition receptor NOD2 senses bacterial muropeptides to regulate host immunity and maintain homeostasis. Loss-of-function mutations in NOD2 are associated with Crohn's disease (CD), but how the variations in microbial factors influence NOD2 signaling and host pathology is elusive. We demonstrate that the Firmicutes peptidoglycan remodeling enzyme, DL-endopeptidase, increased the NOD2 ligand level in the gut and impacted colitis outcomes. Metagenomic analyses of global cohorts (n = 857) revealed that DL-endopeptidase gene abundance decreased globally in CD patients and negatively correlated with colitis. Fecal microbiota from CD patients with low DL-endopeptidase activity predisposed mice to colitis. Administering DL-endopeptidase, but not an active site mutant, alleviated colitis via the NOD2 pathway. Therapeutically restoring NOD2 ligands with a DL-endopeptidase-producing Lactobacillus salivarius strain or mifamurtide, a clinical analog of muramyl dipeptide, exerted potent anti-colitis effects. Our study suggests that the depletion of DL-endopeptidase contributes to CD pathogenesis through NOD2 signaling, providing a therapeutically modifiable target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gao
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, China
| | - Xinmei Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Shixian Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713 AV, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713 AV, the Netherlands
| | - Zhenhe Huang
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, China
| | - Mengyao Hu
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, China
| | - Shaoqin Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Bingyun Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518101, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Zhang Wang
- Institute of Ecological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Jingyuan Fu
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713 AV, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands
| | - Rinse K Weersma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713 AV, the Netherlands.
| | - Xiaolong He
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, China; Department of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China.
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, China; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China.
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Caetano MAF, Castelucci P. Role of short chain fatty acids in gut health and possible therapeutic approaches in inflammatory bowel diseases. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:9985-10003. [PMID: 36246826 PMCID: PMC9561599 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i28.9985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are characterized by inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract and include Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s Disease. These diseases are costly to health services, substantially reduce patients’ quality of life, and can lead to complications such as cancer and even death. Symptoms include abdominal pain, stool bleeding, diarrhea, and weight loss. The treatment of these diseases is symptomatic, seeking disease remission. The intestine is colonized by several microorganisms, such as fungi, viruses, and bacteria, which constitute the intestinal microbiota (IM). IM bacteria promotes dietary fibers fermentation and produces short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that exert several beneficial effects on intestinal health. SCFAs can bind to G protein-coupled receptors, such as GPR41 and GPR43, promoting improvements in the intestinal barrier, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. Thus, SCFAs could be a therapeutic tool for IBDs. However, the mechanisms involved in these beneficial effects of SCFAs remain poorly understood. Therefore, this paper aims to provide a review addressing the main aspects of IBDs, and a more detailed sight of SCFAs, focusing on the main effects on different aspects of the intestine with an emphasis on IBDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patricia Castelucci
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508900, SP, Brazil
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41
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Bucheli JEV, Todorov SD, Holzapfel WH. Role of gastrointestinal microbial populations, a terra incognita of the human body in the management of intestinal bowel disease and metabolic disorders. Benef Microbes 2022; 13:295-318. [PMID: 35866598 DOI: 10.3920/bm2022.0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic immune-mediated clinical condition that affects the gastrointestinal tract and is mediated by an inflammatory response. Although it has been extensively studied, the multifactorial aetiology of this disorder makes it difficult to fully understand all the involved mechanisms in its development and therefore its treatment. In recent years, the fundamental role played by the human microbiota in the pathogenesis of IBD has been emphasised. Microbial imbalances in the gut bacterial communities and a lower species diversity in patients suffering from inflammatory gastrointestinal disorders compared to healthy individuals have been reported as principal factors in the development of IBD. These served to support scientific arguments for the use of probiotic microorganisms in alternative approaches for the prevention and treatment of IBD. In a homeostatic environment, the presence of bacteria (including probiotics) on the intestinal epithelial surface activates a cascade of processes by which immune responses inhibited and thereby commensal organisms maintained. At the same time these processes may support activities against specific pathogenic bacteria. In dysbiosis, these underlying mechanisms will serve to provoke a proinflammatory response, that, in combination with the use of antibiotics and the genetic predisposition of the host, will culminate in the development of IBD. In this review, we summarised the main causes of IBD, the physiological mechanisms involved and the related bacterial groups most frequently associated with these processes. The intention was to enable a better understanding of the interaction between the intestinal microbiota and the host, and to suggest possibilities by which this knowledge can be useful for the development of new therapeutic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Vazquez Bucheli
- Human Effective Microbes, Department of Advanced Convergence, Handong Global University, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37554, Republic of Korea
| | - S D Todorov
- ProBacLab, Department of Advanced Convergence, Handong Global University, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37554, Republic of Korea
| | - W H Holzapfel
- Human Effective Microbes, Department of Advanced Convergence, Handong Global University, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37554, Republic of Korea
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42
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Fisette A, Sergi D, Breton-Morin A, Descôteaux S, Martinoli MG. New Insights on the Role of Bioactive Food Derivatives in Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:3068-3081. [PMID: 36121075 DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220919085742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Over the last three decades, neurodegenerative diseases have received increasing attention due to their frequency in the aging population and the social and economic burdens they are posing. In parallel, an era's worth of research in neuroscience has shaped our current appreciation of the complex relationship between nutrition and the central nervous system. Particular branches of nutrition continue to galvanize neuroscientists, in particular the diverse roles that bioactive food derivatives play on health and disease. Bioactive food derivatives are nowadays recognized to directly impact brain homeostasis, specifically with respect to their actions on cellular mechanisms of oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis and autophagy. However, ambiguities still exist regarding the significance of the influence of bioactive food derivatives on human health. In turn, gut microbiota dysbiosis is emerging as a novel player in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Currently, several routes of communication exist between the gut and the brain, where molecules are either released in the bloodstream or directly transported to the CNS. As such, bioactive food derivatives can modulate the complex ecosystem of the gut-brain axis, thus, targeting this communication network holds promises as a neuroprotective tool. This review aims at addressing one of the emerging aspects of neuroscience, particularly the interplay between food bioactive derivatives and neurodegeneration. We will specifically address the role that polyphenols and omega-3 fatty acids play in preventing neurodegenerative diseases and how dietary intervention complements available pharmacological approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Fisette
- Department of Medical Biology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Qc., Canada
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alyssa Breton-Morin
- Department of Medical Biology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Qc., Canada
| | - Savanah Descôteaux
- Department of Medical Biology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Qc., Canada
| | - Maria-Grazia Martinoli
- Department of Medical Biology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Qc., Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, U. Laval and CHU Research Center, Québec, Canada
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Abdel-Rahman LIH, Morgan XC. Searching for a Consensus Among Inflammatory Bowel Disease Studies: A Systematic Meta-Analysis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2022; 29:125-139. [PMID: 36112501 PMCID: PMC9825291 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izac194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have examined the gut microbial ecology of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis, but inflammatory bowel disease-associated taxa and ecological effect sizes are not consistent between studies. METHODS We systematically searched PubMed and Google Scholar and performed a meta-analysis of 13 studies to analyze how variables such as sample type (stool, biopsy, and lavage) affect results in inflammatory bowel disease gut microbiome studies, using uniform bioinformatic methods for all primary data. RESULTS Reduced alpha diversity was a consistent feature of both CD and ulcerative colitis but was more pronounced in CD. Disease contributed significantly variation in beta diversity in most studies, but effect size varied, and the effect of sample type was greater than the effect of disease. Fusobacterium was the genus most consistently associated with CD, but disease-associated genera were mostly inconsistent between studies. Stool studies had lower heterogeneity than biopsy studies, especially for CD. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that sample type variation is an important contributor to study variability that should be carefully considered during study design, and stool is likely superior to biopsy for CD studies due to its lower heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xochitl C Morgan
- Address correspondence to: Xochitl C. Morgan, PhD, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, 720 Cumberland Street, Dunedin 9010 New Zealand ()
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The Lactobacillus gasseri G098 Strain Mitigates Symptoms of DSS-Induced Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183745. [PMID: 36145120 PMCID: PMC9505107 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a recurring inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract with unclear etiology, but it is thought to be related to factors like immune abnormalities and gut microbial dysbiosis. Probiotics can regulate host immunity and gut microbiota; thus, we investigated the alleviation effect and mechanism of the strain Lactobacillus gasseri G098 (G098) on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. Three groups of mice (n = 8 per group) were included: normal control (NC), DSS-induced colitis mice (DSS), and colitis mice given strain (G098). Our results showed that administering G098 effectively reversed DSS-induced colitis-associated symptoms (mitigating weight loss, reducing disease activity index and pathology scores; p < 0.05 in all cases) and prevented DSS-induced mortality (62.5% in DSS group; 100% in G098 group). The mortality rate and symptom improvement by G098 administration was accompanied by a healthier serum cytokine balance (significant decreases in serum pro-inflammatory factors, interleukin (IL)-6 [p < 0.05], IL-1β [p < 0.01], and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α [p < 0.001], and significant increase in the serum anti-inflammatory factor IL-13 [p < 0.01], compared with DSS group) and gut microbiome modulation (characterized by a higher gut microbiota diversity [p < 0.05], significantly more Firmicutes and Lachnoclostridium [p < 0.05], significantly fewer Bacteroidetes [p < 0.05], and significant higher gene abundances of sugar degradation-related pathways [p < 0.05], compared with DSS-treated group). Taken altogether, our results suggested that G098 intake could mitigate DSS-induced colitis through modulating host immunity and gut microbiome, and strain treatment is a promising strategy for managing IBD.
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Štofilová J, Kvaková M, Kamlárová A, Hijová E, Bertková I, Guľašová Z. Probiotic-Based Intervention in the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis: Conventional and New Approaches. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2236. [PMID: 36140337 PMCID: PMC9496552 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Although there are number of available therapies for ulcerative colitis (UC), many patients are unresponsive to these treatments or experience secondary failure during treatment. Thus, the development of new therapies or alternative strategies with minimal side effects is inevitable. Strategies targeting dysbiosis of gut microbiota have been tested in the management of UC due to the unquestionable role of gut microbiota in the etiology of UC. Advanced molecular analyses of gut microbiomes revealed evident dysbiosis in UC patients, characterized by a reduced biodiversity of commensal microbiota. Administration of conventional probiotic strains is a commonly applied approach in the management of the disease to modify the gut microbiome, improve intestinal barrier integrity and function, and maintain a balanced immune response. However, conventional probiotics do not always provide the expected health benefits to a patient. Their benefits vary significantly, depending on the type and stage of the disease and the strain and dose of the probiotics administered. Their mechanism of action is also strain-dependent. Recently, new candidates for potential next-generation probiotics have been discovered. This could bring to light new approaches in the restoration of microbiome homeostasis and in UC treatment in a targeted manner. The aim of this paper is to provide an updated review on the current options of probiotic-based therapies, highlight the effective conventional probiotic strains, and outline the future possibilities of next-generation probiotic and postbiotic supplementation and fecal microbiota transplantation in the management of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Štofilová
- Center of Clinical and Preclinical Research MEDIPARK, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia
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Gastrointestinal Microbiome and Multiple Health Outcomes: Umbrella Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183726. [PMID: 36145102 PMCID: PMC9505003 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been growing concern about the impact of the gastrointestinal microbiome on human health outcomes. To clarify the evidence for a link between the gastrointestinal microbiome and a variety of health outcomes in humans, we conducted an all-encompassing review of meta-analyses and systematic reviews that included 195 meta-analyses containing 950 unique health outcomes. The gastrointestinal microbiome is related to mortality, gastrointestinal disease, immune and metabolic outcomes, neurological and psychiatric outcomes, maternal and infant outcomes, and other outcomes. Existing interventions for intestinal microbiota (such as probiotics, fecal microbiota transplant, etc.) are generally safe and beneficial to a variety of human health outcomes, but the quality of evidence is not high, and more detailed and well-designed randomized controlled trials are necessary.
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Lynch JP, Goers L, Lesser CF. Emerging strategies for engineering Escherichia coli Nissle 1917-based therapeutics. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2022; 43:772-786. [PMID: 35232591 PMCID: PMC9378478 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Engineered microbes are rapidly being developed for the delivery of therapeutic modalities to sites of disease. Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN), a genetically tractable probiotic with a well-established human safety record, is emerging as a favored chassis. Here, we summarize the latest progress in rationally engineered variants of EcN for the treatment of infectious diseases, metabolic disorders, and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) when administered orally, as well as cancers when injected directly into tumors or the systemic circulation. We also discuss emerging studies that raise potential safety concerns regarding these EcN-based strains as therapeutics due to their secretion of a genotoxic colibactin that can promote the formation of DNA double-stranded breaks in mammalian DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason P Lynch
- Center for Bacterial Pathogenesis, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, MA 02115, USA; Department of Microbiology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lisa Goers
- Center for Bacterial Pathogenesis, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, MA 02115, USA; Department of Microbiology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Cammie F Lesser
- Center for Bacterial Pathogenesis, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, MA 02115, USA; Department of Microbiology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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48
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Gerasimidis K, Gkikas K, Stewart C, Neelis E, Svolos V. Microbiome and paediatric gut diseases. Arch Dis Child 2022; 107:784-789. [PMID: 34716173 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2020-320875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
In the human gut resides a vast community of microorganisms which perform critical functions for the maintenance of whole body homeostasis. Changes in the composition and function of this community, termed microbiome, are believed to provoke disease onset, including non-communicable diseases. In this review, we debate the current evidence on the role of the gut microbiome in the pathogenesis, outcomes and management of paediatric gut disease. We conclude that even though the gut microbiome is altered in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease, coeliac disease, intestinal failure, necrotising enterocolitis and irritable bowel syndrome, there are currently very few implications for unravelling disease pathogenesis or guiding clinical practice. In the future, the gut microbiome may aid in disease differential diagnosis and prediction of clinical outcomes, and comprise a target for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Christopher Stewart
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Esther Neelis
- Paediatric Gastroenterology, Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vaios Svolos
- Human Nutrition, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Shaheen WA, Quraishi MN, Iqbal TH. Gut microbiome and autoimmune disorders. Clin Exp Immunol 2022; 209:161-174. [PMID: 35652460 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxac057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases have long been known to share a common pathogenesis involving a dysregulated immune system with failure to recognize self from non-self antigens. This immune dysregulation is now increasingly understood to be induced by environmental triggers in genetically predisposed individuals. Although several external environmental triggers have been defined in different autoimmune diseases, much attention is being paid to the role of the internal micro-environment occupied by the microbiome which was once termed "the forgotten organ". In this regard, the gut microbiome, serving as an intermediary between some of those external environmental effectors and the immune system helps programming of the immune system to be tolerant to innocent external and self antigens. However, in the presence of perturbed gut microbiota (dysbiosis), the immune system could be erroneously directed in favor of pro-inflammatory pathways to instigate different autoimmune processes. An accumulating body of evidence, including both experimental and human studies (observational and interventional) points to a role of gut microbiome in different autoimmune diseases. Such evidence could provide a rationale for gut microbiome manipulation with therapeutic and even preventative intents in patients with established or predisposed to autoimmune diseases respectively. Perturbations of the gut microbiome have been delineated in some immune mediated diseases, IBD in particular. However, such patterns of disturbance (microbiome signatures) and related pathogenetic roles of the gut microbiome are context dependent and cannot be generalized in the same exact way to other autoimmune disorders and the contribution of gut microbiome to different disease phenotypes has to be precisely defined. In this review, we revise the evidence for a role of gut microbiome in various autoimmune diseases and possible mechanisms mediating such a role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa Abdelaty Shaheen
- University of Birmingham Microbiome Treatment Center, Birmingham, UK.,Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK.,Gastroenterology Department, Menoufia University, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Nabil Quraishi
- University of Birmingham Microbiome Treatment Center, Birmingham, UK.,Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK.,University Hospitals of Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Tariq H Iqbal
- University of Birmingham Microbiome Treatment Center, Birmingham, UK.,Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, UK.,University Hospitals of Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
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50
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Abstract
Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is a growing entity within inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). CAM includes mind-based therapies, body-based therapies, supplements, vitamins, and probiotics. Limitations currently exist for health care providers as it pertains to IBD and CAM that stem from knowledge gaps, conflicting reports, limited oversight, and a lack of well-organized clinical data. Even without well-described data, patients are turning to these forms of therapy at increasing rates. It is imperative that the ongoing review of CAM therapies is performed, and future trials are performed to better understand efficacy as well as adverse effects related to these therapies.
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