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Kelters IR, Verbueken D, Beekink T, Van Laake LW, Sluijter JPG, Maas RGC, Buikema JW. Generation of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) lines derived from three patients carrying the pathogenic CRYAB (A527G) mutation and one non-carrier family member. Stem Cell Res 2024; 80:103497. [PMID: 39053319 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2024.103497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
A newly identified pathogenic variant (A527G) in alpha B-crystallin (αB-crystallin) has been linked to congenital cataract and young-onset dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) within a Dutch family, although the disease mechanism remains unclear. Four human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) clones were generated from three symptomatic patients carrying the A527G variant, and one healthy proband. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were reprogrammed using integration-free Sendai viral pluripotency vectors. The established hiPSCs clones exhibited regular ESC-like morphology, expression of pluripotency markers, and normal karyotyping. These hiPSC lines can facilitate future studies to understand the chaperone function and its role in DCM disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilse R Kelters
- Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center, Circulatory Health Laboratory, University Utrecht, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, the Netherlands; Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Devin Verbueken
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Physiology, VU University, Amsterdam University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tess Beekink
- Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center, Circulatory Health Laboratory, University Utrecht, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Linda W Van Laake
- Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Joost P G Sluijter
- Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center, Circulatory Health Laboratory, University Utrecht, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, the Netherlands; Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Renee G C Maas
- Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center, Circulatory Health Laboratory, University Utrecht, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, the Netherlands; Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Jan W Buikema
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Physiology, VU University, Amsterdam University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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2
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Ha C, Kim D, Bak M, Park JH, Kim YG, Jang JH, Kim JW, Choi JO, Jang MA. CRYAB stop-loss variant causes rare syndromic dilated cardiomyopathy with congenital cataract: expanding the phenotypic and mutational spectrum of alpha-B crystallinopathy. J Hum Genet 2024; 69:159-162. [PMID: 38212463 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-023-01218-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Missense mutations in the alpha-B crystallin gene (CRYAB) have been reported in desmin-related myopathies with or without cardiomyopathy and have also been reported in families with only a cataract phenotype. Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a disorder with a highly heterogeneous genetic etiology involving more than 60 causative genes, hindering genetic diagnosis. In this study, we performed whole genome sequencing on 159 unrelated patients with DCM and identified an unusual stop-loss pathogenic variant in NM_001289808.2:c.527A>G of CRYAB in one patient. The mutant alpha-B crystallin protein is predicted to have an extended strand with addition of 19 amino acid residues, p.(Ter176TrpextTer19), which may contribute to aggregation and increased hydrophobicity of alpha-B crystallin. The proband, diagnosed with DCM at age 32, had a history of bilateral congenital cataracts but had no evidence of myopathy or associated symptoms. He also has a 10-year-old child diagnosed with bilateral congenital cataracts with the same CRYAB variant. This study expands the mutational spectrum of CRYAB and deepens our understanding of the complex phenotypes of alpha-B crystallinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhee Ha
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Darae Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjung Bak
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Ho Park
- Clinical Genome Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Gon Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja-Hyun Jang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Won Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
- Clinical Genome Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Oh Choi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mi-Ae Jang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.
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Claeyssen C, Bulangalire N, Bastide B, Agbulut O, Cieniewski-Bernard C. Desmin and its molecular chaperone, the αB-crystallin: How post-translational modifications modulate their functions in heart and skeletal muscles? Biochimie 2024; 216:137-159. [PMID: 37827485 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Maintenance of the highly organized striated muscle tissue requires a cell-wide dynamic network through protein-protein interactions providing an effective mechanochemical integrator of morphology and function. Through a continuous and complex trans-cytoplasmic network, desmin intermediate filaments ensure this essential role in heart and in skeletal muscle. Besides their role in the maintenance of cell shape and architecture (permitting contractile activity efficiency and conferring resistance towards mechanical stress), desmin intermediate filaments are also key actors of cell and tissue homeostasis. Desmin participates to several cellular processes such as differentiation, apoptosis, intracellular signalisation, mechanotransduction, vesicle trafficking, organelle biogenesis and/or positioning, calcium homeostasis, protein homeostasis, cell adhesion, metabolism and gene expression. Desmin intermediate filaments assembly requires αB-crystallin, a small heat shock protein. Over its chaperone activity, αB-crystallin is involved in several cellular functions such as cell integrity, cytoskeleton stabilization, apoptosis, autophagy, differentiation, mitochondria function or aggresome formation. Importantly, both proteins are known to be strongly associated to the aetiology of several cardiac and skeletal muscles pathologies related to desmin filaments disorganization and a strong disturbance of desmin interactome. Note that these key proteins of cytoskeleton architecture are extensively modified by post-translational modifications that could affect their functional properties. Therefore, we reviewed in the herein paper the impact of post-translational modifications on the modulation of cellular functions of desmin and its molecular chaperone, the αB-crystallin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Claeyssen
- University of Lille, University of Artois, University of Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Nathan Bulangalire
- University of Lille, University of Artois, University of Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France; Université de Lille, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Bruno Bastide
- University of Lille, University of Artois, University of Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Onnik Agbulut
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), CNRS UMR 8256, Inserm ERL U1164, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Cieniewski-Bernard
- University of Lille, University of Artois, University of Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France.
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Budnar P, Tangirala R, Bakthisaran R, Rao CM. Protein Aggregation and Cataract: Role of Age-Related Modifications and Mutations in α-Crystallins. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2022; 87:225-241. [PMID: 35526854 DOI: 10.1134/s000629792203004x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
* The article is published as a part of the Special Issue "Protein Misfolding and Aggregation in Cataract Disorders" (Vol. 87, No. 2). ** To whom correspondence should be addressed. Cataract is a major cause of blindness. Due to the lack of protein turnover, lens proteins accumulate age-related and environmental modifications that alter their native conformation, leading to the formation of aggregation-prone intermediates, as well as insoluble and light-scattering aggregates, thus compromising lens transparency. The lens protein, α-crystallin, is a molecular chaperone that prevents protein aggregation, thereby maintaining lens transparency. However, mutations or post-translational modifications, such as oxidation, deamidation, truncation and crosslinking, can render α-crystallins ineffective and lead to the disease exacerbation. Here, we describe such mutations and alterations, as well as their consequences. Age-related modifications in α-crystallins affect their structure, oligomerization, and chaperone function. Mutations in α-crystallins can lead to the aggregation/intracellular inclusions attributable to the perturbation of structure and oligomeric assembly and resulting in the rearrangement of aggregation-prone regions. Such rearrangements can lead to the exposure of hitherto buried aggregation-prone regions, thereby populating aggregation-prone state(s) and facilitating amorphous/amyloid aggregation and/or inappropriate interactions with cellular components. Investigations of the mutation-induced changes in the structure, oligomer assembly, aggregation mechanisms, and interactomes of α-crystallins will be useful in fighting protein aggregation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth Budnar
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Ramakrishna Tangirala
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Raman Bakthisaran
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Ch Mohan Rao
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, India.
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Tedesco B, Cristofani R, Ferrari V, Cozzi M, Rusmini P, Casarotto E, Chierichetti M, Mina F, Galbiati M, Piccolella M, Crippa V, Poletti A. Insights on Human Small Heat Shock Proteins and Their Alterations in Diseases. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:842149. [PMID: 35281256 PMCID: PMC8913478 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.842149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The family of the human small Heat Shock Proteins (HSPBs) consists of ten members of chaperones (HSPB1-HSPB10), characterized by a low molecular weight and capable of dimerization and oligomerization forming large homo- or hetero-complexes. All HSPBs possess a highly conserved centrally located α-crystallin domain and poorly conserved N- and C-terminal domains. The main feature of HSPBs is to exert cytoprotective functions by preserving proteostasis, assuring the structural maintenance of the cytoskeleton and acting in response to cellular stresses and apoptosis. HSPBs take part in cell homeostasis by acting as holdases, which is the ability to interact with a substrate preventing its aggregation. In addition, HSPBs cooperate in substrates refolding driven by other chaperones or, alternatively, promote substrate routing to degradation. Notably, while some HSPBs are ubiquitously expressed, others show peculiar tissue-specific expression. Cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle and neurons show high expression levels for a wide variety of HSPBs. Indeed, most of the mutations identified in HSPBs are associated to cardiomyopathies, myopathies, and motor neuropathies. Instead, mutations in HSPB4 and HSPB5, which are also expressed in lens, have been associated with cataract. Mutations of HSPBs family members encompass base substitutions, insertions, and deletions, resulting in single amino acid substitutions or in the generation of truncated or elongated proteins. This review will provide an updated overview of disease-related mutations in HSPBs focusing on the structural and biochemical effects of mutations and their functional consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Tedesco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - R. Cristofani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - V. Ferrari
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - M. Cozzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - P. Rusmini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - E. Casarotto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - M. Chierichetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - F. Mina
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - M. Galbiati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - M. Piccolella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - V. Crippa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - A. Poletti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: A. Poletti,
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Alpha B-Crystallin in Muscle Disease Prevention: The Role of Physical Activity. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27031147. [PMID: 35164412 PMCID: PMC8840510 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27031147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
HSPB5 or alpha B-crystallin (CRYAB), originally identified as lens protein, is one of the most widespread and represented of the human small heat shock proteins (sHSPs). It is greatly expressed in tissue with high rates of oxidative metabolism, such as skeletal and cardiac muscles, where HSPB5 dysfunction is associated with a plethora of human diseases. Since HSPB5 has a major role in protecting muscle tissues from the alterations of protein stability (i.e., microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate filament components), it is not surprising that this sHSP is specifically modulated by exercise. Considering the robust content and the protective function of HSPB5 in striated muscle tissues, as well as its specific response to muscle contraction, it is then realistic to predict a specific role for exercise-induced modulation of HSPB5 in the prevention of muscle diseases caused by protein misfolding. After offering an overview of the current knowledge on HSPB5 structure and function in muscle, this review aims to introduce the reader to the capacity that different exercise modalities have to induce and/or activate HSPB5 to levels sufficient to confer protection, with the potential to prevent or delay skeletal and cardiac muscle disorders.
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7
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Lazarte J, Laksman ZW, Wang J, Robinson JF, Dron JS, Leach E, Liew J, McIntyre AD, Skanes AC, Gula LJ, Leong-Sit P, Cao H, Trost B, Scherer SW, Hegele RA, Roberts JD. Enrichment of loss-of-function and copy number variants in ventricular cardiomyopathy genes in 'lone' atrial fibrillation. Europace 2021; 23:844-850. [PMID: 33682005 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euaa421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a complex heritable disease whose genetic underpinnings remain largely unexplained, though recent work has suggested that the arrhythmia may develop secondary to an underlying atrial cardiomyopathy. We sought to evaluate for enrichment of loss-of-function (LOF) and copy number variants (CNVs) in genes implicated in ventricular cardiomyopathy in 'lone' AF. METHODS AND RESULTS Whole-exome sequencing was performed in 255 early onset 'lone' AF cases, defined as arrhythmia onset prior to 60 years of age in the absence of known clinical risk factors. Subsequent evaluations were restricted to 195 cases of European genetic ancestry, as defined by principal component analysis, and focused on a pre-defined set of 43 genes previously implicated in ventricular cardiomyopathy. Bioinformatic analysis identified 6 LOF variants (3.1%), including 3 within the TTN gene, among cases in comparison with 4 of 503 (0.80%) controls [odds ratio: 3.96; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11-14.2; P = 0.033]. Further, two AF cases possessed a novel heterozygous 8521 base pair TTN deletion, confirmed with Sanger sequencing and breakpoint validation, which was absent from 4958 controls (P = 0.0014). Subsequent cascade screening in two families revealed evidence of co-segregation of a LOF variant with 'lone' AF. CONCLUSION 'Lone' AF cases are enriched in rare LOF variants from cardiomyopathy genes, findings primarily driven by TTN, and a novel TTN deletion, providing additional evidence to implicate atrial cardiomyopathy as an AF genetic sub-phenotype. Our results also highlight that AF may develop in the context of these variants in the absence of a discernable ventricular cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julieta Lazarte
- Department of Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Zachary W Laksman
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - John F Robinson
- Department of Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Jacqueline S Dron
- Department of Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Emma Leach
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Janet Liew
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Adam D McIntyre
- Department of Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Allan C Skanes
- Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Lorne J Gula
- Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Peter Leong-Sit
- Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Henian Cao
- Department of Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Brett Trost
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stephen W Scherer
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, McLaughlin Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Robert A Hegele
- Department of Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Jason D Roberts
- Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada
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Sadeh M, Rahat D, Meiner V, Fellig Y, Arad M, Schueler-Furman O, Hu Y, Li Y, Bönnemann CG, Lossos A. Multi-system neurological disorder associated with a CRYAB variant. Neurogenetics 2021; 22:117-125. [PMID: 33811585 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-021-00640-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a multiplex family with extended multisystem neurological phenotype associated with a CRYAB variant. Two affected siblings were evaluated with whole exome sequencing, muscle biopsy, laser microdissection, and mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis. Both patients and their mother manifested a combination of early-onset cataracts, cardiomyopathy, cerebellar ataxia, optic atrophy, cognitive impairment, and myopathy. Whole exome sequencing identified a heterozygous c.458C>T variant mapped to the C-terminal extension domain of the Alpha-crystallin B chain, disrupting its function as a molecular chaperone and its ability to suppress protein aggregation. In accordance with the molecular findings, muscle biopsies revealed subsarcolemmal deposits that appeared dark with H&E and trichrome staining were negative for the other routine histochemical staining and for amyloid with the Congo-red stain. Electron microscopy demonstrated that the deposits were composed of numerous parallel fibrils. Laser microdissection and mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis revealed that the inclusions are almost exclusively composed of crystallized chaperones/heat shock proteins. Moreover, a structural model suggests that Ser153 could be involved in monomer stabilization, dimer association, and possible binding of partner proteins. We propose that our report potentially expands the complex phenotypic spectrum of alpha B-crystallinopathies with possible effect of a CRYAB variant on the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menachem Sadeh
- Department of Neurology, Wolfson Medical Center and Tel Aviv University, Holon, Israel.
| | - Dolev Rahat
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Biomedical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Vardiella Meiner
- Department of Genetics, Hadassah Medical Organization and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yakov Fellig
- Department of Pathology, Genetics, Hadassah Medical Organization and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michael Arad
- Leviev Heart Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer and Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ora Schueler-Furman
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Biomedical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ying Hu
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Neurogenetics Branch, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yan Li
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Proteomics Core Facility, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carsten G Bönnemann
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Neurogenetics Branch, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alexander Lossos
- Department of Neurology, Genetics, Hadassah Medical Organization and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
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9
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van der Klooster ZJ, Sepehrkhouy S, Dooijes D, Te Rijdt WP, Schuiringa FSAM, Lingeman J, van Tintelen JP, Harakalova M, Goldschmeding R, Suurmeijer AJH, Asselbergs FW, Vink A. P62-positive aggregates are homogenously distributed in the myocardium and associated with the type of mutation in genetic cardiomyopathy. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:3160-3166. [PMID: 33605084 PMCID: PMC7957157 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic cardiomyopathy is caused by mutations in various genes. The accumulation of potentially proteotoxic mutant protein aggregates due to insufficient autophagy is a possible mechanism of disease development. The objective of this study was to investigate the distribution in the myocardium of such aggregates in relation to specific pathogenic genetic mutations in cardiomyopathy hearts. Hearts from 32 genetic cardiomyopathy patients, 4 non-genetic cardiomyopathy patients and 5 controls were studied. Microscopic slices from an entire midventricular heart slice were stained for p62 (sequestosome-1, marker for aggregated proteins destined for autophagy). The percentage of cardiomyocytes with p62 accumulation was higher in cardiomyopathy hearts (median 3.3%) than in healthy controls (0.3%; P < .0001). p62 accumulation was highest in the desmin (15.6%) and phospholamban (7.2%) groups. P62 accumulation was homogeneously distributed in the myocardium. Fibrosis was not associated with p62 accumulation in subgroup analysis of phospholamban hearts. In conclusion, accumulation of p62-positive protein aggregates is homogeneously distributed in the myocardium independently of fibrosis distribution and associated with desmin and phospholamban cardiomyopathy. Proteotoxic protein accumulation is a diffuse process in the myocardium while a more localized second hit, such as local strain during exercise, might determine whether this leads to regional myocyte decay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoë Joy van der Klooster
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Shahrzad Sepehrkhouy
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis Dooijes
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter P Te Rijdt
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jolanthe Lingeman
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Magdalena Harakalova
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Roel Goldschmeding
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Albert J H Suurmeijer
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Folkert W Asselbergs
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Health Data Research UK and Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK.,Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Aryan Vink
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Spracklen TF, Chakafana G, Schwartz PJ, Kotta MC, Shaboodien G, Ntusi NAB, Sliwa K. Genetics of Peripartum Cardiomyopathy: Current Knowledge, Future Directions and Clinical Implications. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12010103. [PMID: 33467574 PMCID: PMC7830587 DOI: 10.3390/genes12010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a condition in which heart failure and systolic dysfunction occur late in pregnancy or within months following delivery. Over the last decade, genetic advances in heritable cardiomyopathy have provided new insights into the role of genetics in PPCM. In this review, we summarise current knowledge of the genetics of PPCM and potential avenues for further research, including the role of molecular chaperone mutations in PPCM. Evidence supporting a genetic basis for PPCM has emanated from observations of familial disease, overlap with familial dilated cardiomyopathy, and sequencing studies of PPCM cohorts. Approximately 20% of PPCM patients screened for cardiomyopathy genes have an identified pathogenic mutation, with TTN truncations most commonly implicated. As a stress-associated condition, PPCM may be modulated by molecular chaperones such as heat shock proteins (Hsps). Recent studies have led to the identification of Hsp mutations in a PPCM model, suggesting that variation in these stress-response genes may contribute to PPCM pathogenesis. Although some Hsp genes have been implicated in dilated cardiomyopathy, their roles in PPCM remain to be determined. Additional areas of future investigation may include the delineation of genotype-phenotype correlations and the screening of newly-identified cardiomyopathy genes for their roles in PPCM. Nevertheless, these findings suggest that the construction of a family history may be advised in the management of PPCM and that genetic testing should be considered. A better understanding of the genetics of PPCM holds the potential to improve treatment, prognosis, and family management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy F. Spracklen
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa & CHI, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7935, South Africa; (T.F.S.); (G.C.); (P.J.S.); (G.S.); (N.A.B.N.)
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Graham Chakafana
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa & CHI, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7935, South Africa; (T.F.S.); (G.C.); (P.J.S.); (G.S.); (N.A.B.N.)
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Peter J. Schwartz
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa & CHI, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7935, South Africa; (T.F.S.); (G.C.); (P.J.S.); (G.S.); (N.A.B.N.)
- Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin and Laboratory of Cardiovascular Genetics, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, 20135 Milan, Italy;
| | - Maria-Christina Kotta
- Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin and Laboratory of Cardiovascular Genetics, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, 20135 Milan, Italy;
| | - Gasnat Shaboodien
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa & CHI, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7935, South Africa; (T.F.S.); (G.C.); (P.J.S.); (G.S.); (N.A.B.N.)
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Ntobeko A. B. Ntusi
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa & CHI, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7935, South Africa; (T.F.S.); (G.C.); (P.J.S.); (G.S.); (N.A.B.N.)
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Cape Universities Body Imaging Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Karen Sliwa
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa & CHI, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7935, South Africa; (T.F.S.); (G.C.); (P.J.S.); (G.S.); (N.A.B.N.)
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Correspondence:
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Yu Y, Xu J, Qiao Y, Li J, Yao K. A new heterozygous mutation in the stop codon of CRYAB (p.X176Y) is liable for congenital posterior pole cataract in a Chinese family. Ophthalmic Genet 2020; 42:139-143. [PMID: 33272090 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2020.1855665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: The present study aims to identify the underlying genetic defects in a Chinese family with autosomal dominant congenital cataracts (ADCC).Methods: Detailed family histories and clinical data were recorded. Targeted exome sequencing of 54 known cataract-associated genes combined with high-throughput next-generation sequencing was conducted followed by Sanger sequencing and bioinformatic analysis to identify the causative gene lesion for the family.Results: A four-generation Chinese family with posterior pole type cataract were enrolled. Enrichment of targeted genes revealed a new heterozygous p.X176Y mutation in the stop codon of αB-crystallin (CRYAB) gene, which resulted in the loss of the stop codon and prolongation of the mutant protein by 19 amino acid residues (p.X176Yfs19*). Sanger sequencing showed complete co-segregation with the disease. The elongated mutant protein was predicted to be pathogenic by forming new α-helix and random-coil in the secondary structure as well as producing an extended strand in the tertiary structure, potentially leading to increased hydrophobicity and reduced protein stability.Conclusions: Our report added a new mutation in the spectrum of congenital cataracts. The data suggested that X176 residue in the COOH-terminal is of crucial importance for the αB-crystallin protein function which was valuable for further study of the pathogenesis of congenital cataracts.Abbreviations: CRYAB: αB-crystallin; DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid; PCR: polymerase chain reaction; TES: targeted exome sequencing; ACD: αB-crystallin domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinhui Yu
- Department of Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jingjie Xu
- Department of Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yue Qiao
- Department of Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jinyu Li
- Department of Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ke Yao
- Department of Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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12
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Urtizberea JA, Kaplan JC. [The Frozen Man and the Chinese Alphabet]. Med Sci (Paris) 2020; 36 Hors série n° 2:38-50. [PMID: 33427635 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2020266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Confucian philosophy teaches us that the search for truth does not always follow a straight line. The clinical observation presented here illustrates this perfectly and is about a child afflicted by a rare neuromuscular disorder (in Chinese, the word 'myopathy' is translated to meaning 'frozen man') in whom was suspected a deficit in αB crystallin. The authors take the opportunity to put the spotlight on China, this great country which did not wait for Alain Peyrefitte to wake up or, more precisely, to rewake. In the light of past and recent missions in the former Middle Kingdom, an update is made on the medico-scientific but also societal issues of this country on the verge of becoming, perhaps, a giant in the field of neuromuscular diseases.
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13
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Marcos AT, Amorós D, Muñoz-Cabello B, Galán F, Rivas Infante E, Alcaraz-Mas L, Navarro-Pando JM. A novel dominant mutation in CRYAB gene leading to a severe phenotype with childhood onset. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1290. [PMID: 32420686 PMCID: PMC7434720 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background αB‐crystallin is a promiscuous protein involved in numerous cell functions. Mutations in CRYAB have been found in patients with different pathological phenotypes that are not properly understood. Patients can present different diseases like cataracts, muscle weakness, myopathy, cardiomyopathy, respiratory insufficiency or dysphagia, but also a variable combination of these pathologies has been found. These mutations can show either autosomal dominant or recessive mode of inheritance and variable penetrance and expressivity. This is the first report of congenital cataracts and myopathy described in childhood due to a CRYAB mutation with autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. Methods The whole exome sequence was subjected to phenotype‐driven analysis and a novel variant in CRYAB was detected: c.514delG, p.(Ala172ProfsTer14). The mutation was located in the C‐terminal domain of the protein, which is essential for chaperone activity. The deduced protein was analyzed searching for alterations of the relevant physico‐chemical properties described for this domain. A muscle biopsy was also tested for CRYAB with immunohistochemical and histoenzymatic techniques. Results CRYAB displayed a mild immunoreactivity in the subsarcolemmal compartment with no pathological sarcoplasmic accumulation. It agrees with an alteration of the physico‐chemical properties predicted for the C‐terminal domain: hydrophobicity, stiffness, and isomerization. Conclusions The described mutation leads to elongation of the protein at the carboxi‐terminal domain (CTD) with altered properties, which are essential for solubility and activity. It suggests that can be the cause of the severe conditions observed in this patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana T Marcos
- Unidad de Genética, INEBIR (Instituto para el estudio de la Biología de la Reproducción Humana), Seville, Spain.,Cátedra de Reproducción y Genética Humana, INEBIR/Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain.,FUNIBER (Fundación Universitaria Iberoamericana), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diego Amorós
- BioArray, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Francisco Galán
- BioArray, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Luis Alcaraz-Mas
- BioArray, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - José M Navarro-Pando
- Unidad de Genética, INEBIR (Instituto para el estudio de la Biología de la Reproducción Humana), Seville, Spain.,Cátedra de Reproducción y Genética Humana, INEBIR/Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain.,FUNIBER (Fundación Universitaria Iberoamericana), Barcelona, Spain
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14
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Lulli M, Nencioni D, Papucci L, Schiavone N. Zeta-crystallin: a moonlighting player in cancer. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:965-976. [PMID: 31563996 PMCID: PMC11104887 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03301-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Crystallins were firstly found as structural proteins of the eye lens. To this family belong proteins, such as ζ-crystallin, expressed ubiquitously, and endowed with enzyme activity. ζ-crystallin is a moonlighting protein endowed with two main different functions: (1) mRNA binding with stabilizing activity; (2) NADPH:quinone oxidoreductase. ζ-crystallin has been clearly demonstrated to stabilize mRNAs encoding proteins involved in renal glutamine catabolism during metabolic acidosis resulting in ammoniagenesis and bicarbonate ion production that concur to compensate such condition. ζ-crystallin binds also mRNAs encoding for antiapoptotic proteins, such as Bcl-2 in leukemia cells. On the other hand, the physiological role of its enzymatic activity is still elusive. Gathering research evidences and data mined from public databases, we provide a framework where all the known ζ-crystallin properties are called into question, making it a hypothetical pivotal player in cancer, allowing cells to hijack or subjugate the acidity response mechanism to increase their ability to resist oxidative stress and apoptosis, while fueling their glutamine addicted metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Lulli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Viale G.B. Morgagni, 50, Firenze, 50134, Italy.
| | - Daniele Nencioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Viale G.B. Morgagni, 50, Firenze, 50134, Italy
| | - Laura Papucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Viale G.B. Morgagni, 50, Firenze, 50134, Italy
| | - Nicola Schiavone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Viale G.B. Morgagni, 50, Firenze, 50134, Italy.
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15
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Neuromuscular Diseases Due to Chaperone Mutations: A Review and Some New Results. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041409. [PMID: 32093037 PMCID: PMC7073051 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle and the nervous system depend on efficient protein quality control, and they express chaperones and cochaperones at high levels to maintain protein homeostasis. Mutations in many of these proteins cause neuromuscular diseases, myopathies, and hereditary motor and sensorimotor neuropathies. In this review, we cover mutations in DNAJB6, DNAJB2, αB-crystallin (CRYAB, HSPB5), HSPB1, HSPB3, HSPB8, and BAG3, and discuss the molecular mechanisms by which they cause neuromuscular disease. In addition, previously unpublished results are presented, showing downstream effects of BAG3 p.P209L on DNAJB6 turnover and localization.
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16
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Wang R, Chen ZH, Wang Y, Huang HB, Fan SJ, Chen LL. Recombination and identification of human alpha B-crystallin. Int J Ophthalmol 2018; 11:1916-1921. [PMID: 30588422 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2018.12.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To recombine the human alpha B-crystallin (αB-crystallin) using gene cloning technology and prokaryotic expression vector and confirm the biological activity of recombinant human αB-crystallin. METHODS Cloning the human αB-crystallin cDNA according to the nucleotide sequence of the human αB-crystallin, constructing the pET-28/CRYAB prokaryotic expression plasmid by restriction enzyme digestion method, and stably expressing transformed into the Escherichia coli (E. coli) DH5 alpha. The recombinant human αB-crystallin was purified by Q sepharose. By enzyme digestion analysis, Western blotting and sequencing, the recombinant human αB-crystallin was identified and the activity of its molecular protein was detected. RESULTS Compared with the gene bank (GeneBank), the cloned human sequence of human αB-crystallin cDNA has the same open reading frame. Identification and sequencing of the cloned human αB-crystallin cDNA in prokaryotic expression vector confirmed the full length sequence, and the vector was constructed successfully. The E. coli containing plasmid pET-28/CRYAB induced by isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactoside successfully expressed the human αB-crystallin. Insulin confirmed that the recombinant human αB-crystallin has a molecular chaperone activity. CONCLUSION The prokaryotic expression vector pET-28/CRYAB of recombinant human αB-crystallin is successfully constructed, and the recombinant human αB-crystallin with molecular chaperone activity is obtained, which lay a foundation for the research and application of the recombinant human αB-crystallin and its chaperone activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hainan Branch of PLA General Hospital, Sanya 572000, Hainan Province, China
| | - Ze-Hua Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hainan Branch of PLA General Hospital, Sanya 572000, Hainan Province, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Chongqing Aier General Hospital, Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Chongqing 400020, China
| | - Hou-Bin Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hainan Branch of PLA General Hospital, Sanya 572000, Hainan Province, China
| | - Si-Jun Fan
- PLA Rocket Force General Hospital, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Lan-Lan Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hainan Branch of PLA General Hospital, Sanya 572000, Hainan Province, China
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17
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Zhu X, Zhang S, Chang R, Lu Y. New cataract markers: Mechanisms of disease. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 472:41-45. [PMID: 28705775 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cataract is caused by nutritional, metabolic, environmental, and genetic factors, and is a significant cause of blindness and visual impairment. In recent years, extensive research into the human genome has revealed that numerous genetic mutations are associated with cataract. These mutations affect a variety of genes, including those encoding crystallin, membrane proteins, cytoskeletal proteins, transcription factors, and metabolism-related proteins. Elucidation of these mutations and the genetic and molecular mechanisms has helped clarify the etiology of cataract and may facilitate its early diagnosis and treatment. This review summarizes recent advances in our knowledge and potential clinical of genetic markers of cataract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjia Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China; Eye Institute, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaohua Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China; Eye Institute, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiqi Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China; Eye Institute, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China; Eye Institute, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Cui XJ, Lv FY, Li FH, Zeng K. Correlations of single nucleotide polymorphisms of CRYAA and CRYAB genes with the risk and clinicopathological features of children suffering from congenital cataract. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e7158. [PMID: 28640093 PMCID: PMC5484201 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000007158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study aims to explore the correlations of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CRYAA and CRYAB with the risk and clinicopathological features of children with congenital cataract. METHODS The study enrolled 168 children diagnosed as congenital cataract (case group) and 172 normal children (control group) from May 2015 to May 2016. Genomic DNA extraction was performed using a QIAamp DNA blood mini kit. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products were genotyped using an ABI direct sequencer. Haplotype, allele, and genotype frequencies of CRYAA and CRYAB gene polymorphisms analyses were carried out using the SHEsis software. Logistic regression analysis was performed in order to analyze the risk factors for children suffering from congenital cataract. RESULTS Presence of significant differences between the case and control groups' genotype and allele frequencies of CRYAA rs7278468 and CRYAB rs370803064/rs387907338. TA of CRYAB gene might increase congenital cataract risk in children, while GCG of CRYAA gene and GC of CRYAB gene might decrease congenital cataract risk in children. CRYAA rs7278468, CRYAB rs370803064/rs387907338 polymorphisms were significantly correlated to uncorrected visual acuity, best-corrected visual acuity, nystagmus, visual axis opacification, microcornea, lens opacity, posterior capsular thickening, and degrees of posterior capsule opacification after operation in children with congenital cataract. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the T allele of CRYAA rs7278468, A allele of CRYAB rs370803064, T allele of CRYAB rs387907338, family history, and TA haplotype of CRYAB gene were risk factors for children with congenital cataract. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrated that CRYAA rs7278468 and CRYAB rs370803064/rs387907338 are correlated with the risk and clinicopathological features of children suffering from congenital cataract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Jin Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology, Linyi People's Hospital
| | - Feng-Yan Lv
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Medical College, Linyi
| | - Feng-Hua Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Linyi People's Hospital
| | - Kun Zeng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen, P.R. China
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19
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A novel dominant D109A CRYAB mutation in a family with myofibrillar myopathy affects αB-crystallin structure. BBA CLINICAL 2016; 7:1-7. [PMID: 27904835 PMCID: PMC5124346 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbacli.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Myofibrillar myopathy (MFM) is a group of inherited muscular disorders characterized by myofibrils dissolution and abnormal accumulation of degradation products. So far causative mutations have been identified in nine genes encoding Z-disk proteins, including αB-crystallin (CRYAB), a small heat shock protein (also called HSPB5). Here, we report a case study of a 63-year-old Polish female with a progressive lower limb weakness and muscle biopsy suggesting a myofibrillar myopathy, and extra-muscular multisystemic involvement, including cataract and cardiomiopathy. Five members of the proband's family presented similar symptoms. Whole exome sequencing followed by bioinformatic analysis revealed a novel D109A mutation in CRYAB associated with the disease. Molecular modeling in accordance with muscle biopsy microscopic analyses predicted that D109A mutation influence both structure and function of CRYAB due to decreased stability of oligomers leading to aggregate formation. In consequence disrupted sarcomere cytoskeleton organization might lead to muscle pathology. We also suggest that mutated RQDE sequence of CRYAB could impair CRYAB chaperone-like activity and promote aggregation of lens crystallins.
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Abstract
αB-crystallin is a widely expressed member of the small heat shock protein family that protects cells from stress by its dual function as a molecular chaperone to preserve proteostasis and as a cell death antagonist that negatively regulates components of the conserved apoptotic cell death machinery. Deregulated expression of αB-crystallin occurs in a broad array of solid tumors and has been linked to tumor progression and poor clinical outcomes. This review will focus on new insights into the molecular mechanisms by which oncogenes, oxidative stress, matrix detachment and other tumor microenvironmental stressors deregulate αB-crystallin expression. We will also review accumulating evidence pointing to an essential role for αB-crystallin in the multi-step metastatic cascade whereby tumor cells colonize distant organs by circumventing a multitude of barriers to cell migration and survival. Finally, we will evaluate emerging strategies to therapeutically target αB-crystallin and/or interacting proteins to selectively activate apoptosis and/or derail the metastatic cascade in an effort to improve outcomes for patients with metastatic disease.
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Jiaox X, Khan SY, Irum B, Khan AO, Wang Q, Kabir F, Khan AA, Husnain T, Akram J, Riazuddin S, Hejtmancik JF, Riazuddin SA. Missense Mutations in CRYAB Are Liable for Recessive Congenital Cataracts. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137973. [PMID: 26402864 PMCID: PMC4581838 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was initiated to identify causal mutations responsible for autosomal recessive congenital cataracts in consanguineous familial cases. METHODS Affected individuals underwent a detailed ophthalmological and clinical examination, and slit-lamp photographs were ascertained for affected individuals who have not yet been operated for the removal of the cataractous lens. Blood samples were obtained, and genomic DNA was extracted from white blood cells. A genome-wide scan was completed with short tandem repeat (STR) markers, and the logarithm of odds (LOD) scores were calculated. Protein coding exons of CRYAB were sequenced, bi-directionally. Evolutionary conservation was investigated by aligning CRYAB orthologues, and the expression of Cryab in embryonic and postnatal mice lens was investigated with TaqMan probe. RESULTS The clinical and ophthalmological examinations suggested that all affected individuals had nuclear cataracts. Genome-wide linkage analysis suggested a potential region on chromosome 11q23 harboring CRYAB. DNA sequencing identified a missense variation: c.34C>T (p.R12C) in CRYAB that segregated with the disease phenotype in the family. Subsequent interrogation of our entire cohort of familial cases identified a second familial case localized to chromosome 11q23 harboring a c.31C>T (p.R11C) mutation. In silico analyses suggested that the mutations identified in familial cases, p.R11C and p.R12C will not be tolerated by the three-dimensional structure of CRYAB. Real-time PCR analysis identified the expression of Cryab in mouse lens as early as embryonic day 15 (E15) that increased significantly until postnatal day 6 (P6) with steady level of expression thereafter. CONCLUSION Here, we report two novel missense mutations, p.R11C and p.R12C, in CRYAB associated with autosomal recessive congenital nuclear cataracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Jiaox
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, United States of America
| | - Shahid Y. Khan
- The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, United States of America
| | - Bushra Irum
- The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, United States of America
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan
| | - Arif O. Khan
- King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, 12329, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qiwei Wang
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, United States of America
| | - Firoz Kabir
- The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, United States of America
| | - Asma A. Khan
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan
| | - Tayyab Husnain
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan
| | - Javed Akram
- Allama Iqbal Medical College, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, 54550, Pakistan
- National Centre for Genetic Diseases, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sheikh Riazuddin
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan
- Allama Iqbal Medical College, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, 54550, Pakistan
- National Centre for Genetic Diseases, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - J. Fielding Hejtmancik
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, United States of America
| | - S. Amer Riazuddin
- The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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22
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Benndorf R, Martin JL, Kosakovsky Pond SL, Wertheim JO. Neuropathy- and myopathy-associated mutations in human small heat shock proteins: Characteristics and evolutionary history of the mutation sites. MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2014; 761:15-30. [PMID: 24607769 PMCID: PMC4157968 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in four of the ten human small heat shock proteins (sHSP) are associated with various forms of motor neuropathies and myopathies. In HspB1, HspB3, and HspB8 all known mutations cause motor neuropathies, whereas in HspB5 they cause myopathies. Several features are common to the majority of these mutations: (i) they are missense mutations, (ii) most associated disease phenotypes exhibit a dominant inheritance pattern and late disease onset, (iii) in the primary protein sequences, the sites of most mutations are located in the conserved α-crystallin domain and the variable C-terminal extensions, and (iv) most human mutation sites are highly conserved among the vertebrate orthologs and have been historically exposed to significant purifying selection. In contrast, a minor fraction of these mutations deviate from these rules: they are (i) frame shifting, nonsense, or elongation mutations, (ii) associated with recessive or early onset disease phenotypes, (iii) positioned in the N-terminal domain of the proteins, and (iv) less conserved among the vertebrates and were historically not subject to a strong selective pressure. In several vertebrate sHSPs (including primate sHSPs), homologous sites differ from the human sequence and occasionally even encode the same amino acid residues that cause the disease in humans. Apparently, a number of these mutations sites are not crucial for the protein function in single species or entire taxa, and single species even seem to have adopted mechanisms that compensate for potentially adverse effects of 'mutant-like' sHSPs. The disease-associated dominant sHSP missense mutations have a number of cellular consequences that are consistent with gain-of-function mechanisms of genetic dominance: dominant-negative effects, the formation of cytotoxic amyloid protein oligomers and precipitates, disruption of cytoskeletal networks, and increased downstream enzymatic activities. Future therapeutic concepts should aim for reducing these adverse effects of mutant sHSPs in patients. Indeed, initial experimental results are encouraging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Benndorf
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Jody L Martin
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Cardiovascular Institute, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA.
| | | | - Joel O Wertheim
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
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