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Ng E, Tay JRH, Mattheos N, Bostanci N, Belibasakis GN, Seneviratne CJ. A Mapping Review of the Pathogenesis of Peri-Implantitis: The Biofilm-Mediated Inflammation and Bone Dysregulation (BIND) Hypothesis. Cells 2024; 13:315. [PMID: 38391928 PMCID: PMC10886485 DOI: 10.3390/cells13040315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This mapping review highlights the need for a new paradigm in the understanding of peri-implantitis pathogenesis. The biofilm-mediated inflammation and bone dysregulation (BIND) hypothesis is proposed, focusing on the relationship between biofilm, inflammation, and bone biology. The close interactions between immune and bone cells are discussed, with multiple stable states likely existing between clinically observable definitions of peri-implant health and peri-implantitis. The framework presented aims to explain the transition from health to disease as a staged and incremental process, where multiple factors contribute to distinct steps towards a tipping point where disease is manifested clinically. These steps might be reached in different ways in different patients and may constitute highly individualised paths. Notably, factors affecting the underlying biology are identified in the pathogenesis of peri-implantitis, highlighting that disruptions to the host-microbe homeostasis at the implant-mucosa interface may not be the sole factor. An improved understanding of disease pathogenesis will allow for intervention on multiple levels and a personalised treatment approach. Further research areas are identified, such as the use of novel biomarkers to detect changes in macrophage polarisation and activation status, and bone turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Ng
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore 168938, Singapore;
| | - John Rong Hao Tay
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore 168938, Singapore;
| | - Nikos Mattheos
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Division of Oral Health and Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 14152 Stockholm, Sweden; (N.B.); (G.N.B.)
| | - Nagihan Bostanci
- Division of Oral Health and Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 14152 Stockholm, Sweden; (N.B.); (G.N.B.)
| | - Georgios N. Belibasakis
- Division of Oral Health and Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 14152 Stockholm, Sweden; (N.B.); (G.N.B.)
| | - Chaminda Jayampath Seneviratne
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
- School of Dentistry, Center for Oral-Facial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- National Dental Research Institute Singapore, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore 168938, Singapore
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Luo S, Shao R, Hong Y, Zhang T, Zhou Q, Zhou Q, Rao F, Zhao X, Dong Y, Zhu R, Ling P, Cui G, Guan Z, Luo P, He Y, Qi X, Liao J, Hong W. Identifying the oral microbiome of adolescents with and without dental fluorosis based on full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1296753. [PMID: 38380100 PMCID: PMC10876846 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1296753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Dental fluorosis, resulting from long-term environmental exposure to fluoride, is prevalent among diverse populations worldwide. Severe fluorosis not only compromises the aesthetic appeal of teeth but also impairs their functionality. This study aims to investigate the oral microbiome in dental fluorosis and the health individuals of adolescents living in the endemic fluorosis area of Guizhou, China through full-length 16S rDNA sequencing. Fourty-six individuals meet the sampling criteria, and we divided these samples into the following groups: a healthy group (H = 23) and a dental fluorosis group (F = 23), and two subgroups of Miao ethnicity: a healthy Miao group (Hm = 13) and a dental fluorosis Miao group (Fm = 15). A total of 660,389 high-quality sequences were obtained, and 12,007 Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs) were identified, revealing significant variations in oral microbiome between Fm and Hm groups. The composition of oral microbiota was similar between the H and F groups. At the genus level, Pseudopropionibacterium and at the species level, Streptococcus oralis_subsp.dentisani_clade_058 were less abundant in group F than in group H (P < 0.05). Further analysis revealed that the abundance of Capnocytophaga gingivalis and Kingella denitrificans was significantly lower in Fm fluorosis patients than in the Hm group (P < 0.05). Based on the LEfSe analysis, the potential core biomarkers in the oral of Fm fluorosis patients were identified at different taxonomic levels, ranging from phylum to species. These include Gammaproteobacteria, Prevotella sp_HMT_304, Gemella sanguinis, and Gracilibacteria_(GN02). Network analysis revealed that the microbiota in the fluorosis group exhibited more complex interactions with each other than the healthy group. Notably, within the Hm group, the potential biomarkers Capnocytophaga gingivalis and Kingella denitrificans exhibited a positive correlation. Finally, we employed PICRUSt2 analysis to explore the abundance clustering of the top 30 functional units in each sample, and we found that the metabolic pathway compositions of the four groups were similar. In summary, our findings suggest that the microbial composition of plaque in Hm patients with dental fluorosis is significantly altered, and we identified the potential marker microorganisms that contribute to these changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and School/Hospital of Stomatology Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Ruirui Shao
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and School/Hospital of Stomatology Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yue Hong
- He Guantun Town Health Center in Qixingguan District, Bijie, Guizhou, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and School/Hospital of Stomatology Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Preventionand Control of Endemic and Ethnic Regional Diseases Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Qingshuai Zhou
- Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and School/Hospital of Stomatology Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Fengqing Rao
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and School/Hospital of Stomatology Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xingxing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and School/Hospital of Stomatology Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yangting Dong
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and School/Hospital of Stomatology Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Ruiyu Zhu
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Ling
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Guzhen Cui
- Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Education Department of Guizhou, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhizhong Guan
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and School/Hospital of Stomatology Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Preventionand Control of Endemic and Ethnic Regional Diseases Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yan He
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and School/Hospital of Stomatology Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaolan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and School/Hospital of Stomatology Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Preventionand Control of Endemic and Ethnic Regional Diseases Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Jian Liao
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and School/Hospital of Stomatology Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Wei Hong
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and School/Hospital of Stomatology Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Preventionand Control of Endemic and Ethnic Regional Diseases Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
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Hakkers J, Liu L, Hentenaar DFM, Raghoebar GM, Vissink A, Meijer HJA, Walters L, Harmsen HJM, de Waal YCM. The Peri-Implant Microbiome-A Possible Factor Determining the Success of Surgical Peri-Implantitis Treatment? Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:20. [PMID: 38275681 PMCID: PMC10814184 DOI: 10.3390/dj12010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective was to assess the effect of peri-implantitis surgery on the peri-implant microbiome with a follow-up of one year. A total of 25 peri-implantitis patients in whom non-surgical treatment has failed to solve peri-implantitis underwent resective surgical treatment. Their peri-implant pockets were sampled prior to surgical treatment (T0) and one year post treatment (T12). The natural dentition was sampled to analyse similarities and differences with the peri-implantitis samples. Treatment success was recorded. The change in microbial relative abundance levels was evaluated. The microbiota was analysed by sequencing the amplified V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA genes. Sequence data were binned to amplicon sequence variants that were assigned to bacterial genera. Group differences were analysed using principal coordinate analysis, Wilcoxon signed rank tests, and t-tests. Beta diversity analyses reported a significant separation between peri-implantitis and natural dentition samples on T0 and T12, along with significant separations between successfully and non-successfully treated patients. Eubacterium was significantly lower on T12 compared to T0 for the peri-implantitis samples. Treponema and Eubacterium abundance levels were significantly lower in patients with treatment success on T0 and T12 versus no treatment success. Therefore, lower baseline levels of Treponema and Eubacterium seem to be associated with treatment success of peri-implantitis surgery. This study might aid clinicians in determining which peri-implantitis cases might be suitable for treatment and give a prognosis with regard to treatment success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarno Hakkers
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (D.F.M.H.); (G.M.R.); (A.V.); (H.J.A.M.)
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (L.L.); (L.W.); (H.J.M.H.)
| | - Diederik F. M. Hentenaar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (D.F.M.H.); (G.M.R.); (A.V.); (H.J.A.M.)
| | - Gerry M. Raghoebar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (D.F.M.H.); (G.M.R.); (A.V.); (H.J.A.M.)
| | - Arjan Vissink
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (D.F.M.H.); (G.M.R.); (A.V.); (H.J.A.M.)
| | - Henny J. A. Meijer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (D.F.M.H.); (G.M.R.); (A.V.); (H.J.A.M.)
- Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Lisa Walters
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (L.L.); (L.W.); (H.J.M.H.)
| | - Hermie J. M. Harmsen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (L.L.); (L.W.); (H.J.M.H.)
| | - Yvonne C. M. de Waal
- Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands;
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Lafuente-Ibáñez-de-Mendoza I, Marichalar-Mendia X, García-De-La-Fuente AM, Quindós-Andrés G, Eraso-Barrio E, Martínez-Conde-Llamosas R, Fernández-Jiménez A, Aguirre-Urizar JM. Presence and implication of Candida spp. in patients with peri-implantitis enrolled in a supportive peri-implant therapy program of the Basque Country (Spain). A case-control study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2023; 25:938-947. [PMID: 37259674 DOI: 10.1111/cid.13226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The peri-implant sulcus is a good niche for infectious colonization such as Candida spp. In this study, the level of Candida spp. fungal colonization is analyzed in patients with peri-implantitis under supportive peri-implant therapy, as well as its correlation with the main clinicopathological data. METHODS A case-control study was carried out on 161 patients treated with dental implants, 80 with PI and 81 without PI, which corresponded to 91 women and 70 men, whose mean age was 60.90 years. A specific protocol was completed for the clinical and implant data. Microbiological samples were taken by oral rinse and with paper tips from the peri-implant sulcus. For the quantitative and qualitative analysis Candida Chromogenic Agar/CONDA plates were incubated for 72 h at 36 + 1°C. Fungal growth was considered active when having more than 50 CFU. Specific Candida spp. cultures were later confirmed by API ID 32C and PCR. RESULTS Fungal growth was achieved in 28% of oral rinse and 6.75% of peri-implant fluid samples. No significant differences were recognized between study groups. Most of the cultures (>65%) showed more than 50 CFU. The most frequent species were Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis. There was no association between different PI risk factors and fungal data. The presence of Candida spp. in the oral cavity of patients with dental implants was related to total edentulism and the use of implant-fixed complete prosthesis implant-retained removable prosthesis. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that there is no link between PI and presence of Candida in patients with dental implants undergoing regular supportive periodontal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xabier Marichalar-Mendia
- Department of Nursery I, Faculty of Medicine and Nursery, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Ana María García-De-La-Fuente
- Department of Stomatology II, Faculty of Medicine and Nursery, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Guillermo Quindós-Andrés
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology, Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursery, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Elena Eraso-Barrio
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology, Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursery, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | | | - Aitziber Fernández-Jiménez
- Department of Stomatology II, Faculty of Medicine and Nursery, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - José Manuel Aguirre-Urizar
- Department of Stomatology II, Faculty of Medicine and Nursery, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
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Hirata E, Takano Y, Konishi D, Maeda Y, Ushijima N, Yudasaka M, Yokoyama A. An antibacterial conjugate of carbon nanohorns for NIR-light mediated peri-implantitis treatment. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:11000-11003. [PMID: 37622238 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03128d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
This study developed a novel antibacterial conjugate based on carbon nanohorns for peri-implantisis, an inflammatory disease around dental implants, which may result in failing implants by bone loss around them. The conjugate demonstrates much better photodurability than commonly used indocyanine green and a significant antibacterial effect under NIR illumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Hirata
- Department of Oral Functional Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan.
| | - Yuta Takano
- Research Institute for Electronic Science and Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-20, Nishi-10, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan.
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, N10, W5, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Daisuke Konishi
- Department of Oral Functional Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan.
| | - Yukari Maeda
- Department of Oral Functional Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan.
| | - Natsumi Ushijima
- Support Section for Education and Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
| | - Masako Yudasaka
- Nanomaterials Research Institute (NMRI), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
- Meijo University, Graduate School of Science and Technology 1-501, Shiogamaguchi, Tenpaku, Nagoya 468-8502, Japan
| | - Atsuro Yokoyama
- Department of Oral Functional Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan.
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Jezdic M, Nikolic N, Krasavcevic AD, Milasin J, Aleksic Z, Carkic J, Jankovic S, Milinkovic I. Clinical, microbiological and osteoimmunological findings in different peri-implant conditions - A cross-sectional study. Clin Oral Implants Res 2023; 34:958-966. [PMID: 37392017 DOI: 10.1111/clr.14122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of certain microbiota and their potential correlation with clinical parameters, expression of proinflammatory cytokines, Notch signalling pathway molecules and bone remodelling mediators among different peri-implant conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Included participants had at least one dental implant minimally 1 year in function. They were divided into peri-implantitis (PI), peri-implant mucositis (PM) and healthy implants (HIs) groups. Prevalence of P. ginigvalis, Fusobacterium spp., EBV and C. albicans was detected in participants' crevicular fluid (CF) using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, different markers' expression, as well as clinical data, were correlated with the microbial presence. RESULTS CF samples taken from one chosen implant from each of the 102 participants were analyzed. Significantly higher levels of P. gingivalis were found in PI compared with HI (p = .012) and PM (p = .026). Fusobacterium spp. was also more prevalent in PI (p = .041) and PM (0.008) than in HI. P. gingivalis was a predictor of PPDi (p = .011, R2 = 0.063) and CALi (p = .049, R2 = 0.038). A positive correlation was found in PI for the level of Fusobacterium spp. and TNFα expression (ρ = 0.419, p = .017) while in PM, P. gingivalis and Notch 2 expression were correlated (ρ = 0.316, p = .047). CONCLUSIONS P. gingivalis appears to be involved in the osteolysis in patients with PI, while the positive correlation of its level with Notch 2 expression in patients with PM suggests a potential involvement of P. gingivalis in the progression of PM into PI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Jezdic
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nadja Nikolic
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Djinic Krasavcevic
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Milasin
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zoran Aleksic
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Carkic
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sasha Jankovic
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Iva Milinkovic
- Implant Center, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Dorcioman G, Grumezescu V, Stan GE, Chifiriuc MC, Gradisteanu GP, Miculescu F, Matei E, Popescu-Pelin G, Zgura I, Craciun V, Oktar FN, Duta L. Hydroxyapatite Thin Films of Marine Origin as Sustainable Candidates for Dental Implants. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041294. [PMID: 37111781 PMCID: PMC10142946 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel biomaterials with promising bone regeneration potential, derived from rich, renewable, and cheap sources, are reported. Thus, thin films were synthesized from marine-derived (i.e., from fish bones and seashells) hydroxyapatite (MdHA) by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. Besides the physical-chemical and mechanical investigations, the deposited thin films were also evaluated in vitro using dedicated cytocompatibility and antimicrobial assays. The morphological examination of MdHA films revealed the fabrication of rough surfaces, which were shown to favor good cell adhesion, and furthermore could foster the in-situ anchorage of implants. The strong hydrophilic behavior of the thin films was evidenced by contact angle (CA) measurements, with values in the range of 15-18°. The inferred bonding strength adherence values were superior (i.e., ~49 MPa) to the threshold established by ISO regulation for high-load implant coatings. After immersion in biological fluids, the growth of an apatite-based layer was noted, which indicated the good mineralization capacity of the MdHA films. All PLD films exhibited low cytotoxicity on osteoblast, fibroblast, and epithelial cells. Moreover, a persistent protective effect against bacterial and fungal colonization (i.e., 1- to 3-log reduction of E. coli, E. faecalis, and C. albicans growth) was demonstrated after 48 h of incubation, with respect to the Ti control. The good cytocompatibility and effective antimicrobial activity, along with the reduced fabrication costs from sustainable sources (available in large quantities), should, therefore, recommend the MdHA materials proposed herein as innovative and viable solutions for the development of novel coatings for metallic dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Dorcioman
- Lasers Department, National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 077125 Magurele, Romania
| | - Valentina Grumezescu
- Lasers Department, National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 077125 Magurele, Romania
| | - George E Stan
- National Institute of Materials Physics, 077125 Magurele, Romania
| | - Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 060101 Bucharest, Romania
- Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences Division, Research Institute of the University of Bucharest (ICUB), 060101 Bucharest, Romania
- Romanian Academy, 010071 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gratiela Pircalabioru Gradisteanu
- Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences Division, Research Institute of the University of Bucharest (ICUB), 060101 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 051157 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Florin Miculescu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena Matei
- National Institute of Materials Physics, 077125 Magurele, Romania
| | - Gianina Popescu-Pelin
- Lasers Department, National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 077125 Magurele, Romania
| | - Irina Zgura
- National Institute of Materials Physics, 077125 Magurele, Romania
| | - Valentin Craciun
- Lasers Department, National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 077125 Magurele, Romania
| | - Faik Nüzhet Oktar
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Marmara, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey
- Advanced Nanomaterials Research Laboratory (ANRL), University of Marmara, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Liviu Duta
- Lasers Department, National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 077125 Magurele, Romania
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8
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Scarano A, Khater AGA, Gehrke SA, Serra P, Francesco I, Di Carmine M, Tari SR, Leo L, Lorusso F. Current Status of Peri-Implant Diseases: A Clinical Review for Evidence-Based Decision Making. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14040210. [PMID: 37103300 PMCID: PMC10142594 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14040210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND the prevalence of peri-implant diseases is constantly growing, particularly with the increasing use of dental implants. As such, achieving healthy peri-implant tissues has become a key challenge in implant dentistry since it considers the optimal success paradigm. This narrative review aims to highlight the current concepts regarding the disease and summarize the available evidence on treatment approaches clarifying their indications for usage following the World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases (2017). METHODS we reviewed the recent literature and conducted a narrative synthesis of the available evidence on peri-implant diseases. RESULTS scientific evidence on case definitions, epidemiology, risk factors, microbiological profile, prevention, and treatment approaches for peri-implant diseases were summarized and reported. CONCLUSIONS although there are numerous protocols for managing peri-implant diseases, they are diverse and nonstandardized, with no consensus on the most effective, leading to treatment confusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Scarano
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Ahmad G A Khater
- Health Affairs Directorate, Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population, Banisuif 62511, Egypt
| | - Sergio Alexandre Gehrke
- Department of Research, Bioface/PgO/UCAM, Calle Cuareim 1483, Montevideo 11100, Uruguay
- Department of Biotecnology, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - Paola Serra
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Inchingolo Francesco
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Section of Dental Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Mariastella Di Carmine
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Sergio Rexhep Tari
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Lucia Leo
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Felice Lorusso
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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9
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Assunção MA, Botelho J, Machado V, Proença L, Matos APA, Mendes JJ, Bessa LJ, Taveira N, Santos A. Dental Implant Surface Decontamination and Surface Change of an Electrolytic Method versus Mechanical Approaches: A Pilot In Vitro Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12041703. [PMID: 36836238 PMCID: PMC9967341 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12041703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental implants are the preferred fixed oral rehabilitation for replacing lost teeth. When peri-implant tissues become inflamed, the removal of plaque accumulating around the implant becomes imperative. Recently, several new strategies have been developed for this purpose, with electrolytic decontamination showing increased potential compared to traditional mechanical strategies. In this in vitro pilot study, we compare the efficacy of an electrolytic decontaminant (Galvosurge®) with an erythritol jet system (PerioFlow®) and two titanium brushes (R-Brush™ and i-Brush™) in removing Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 biofilms from implants. Changes in the implant surface after each approach were also evaluated. Twenty titanium SLA implants were inoculated with P. aeruginosa and then randomly assigned to each treatment group. After treatment, decontamination efficacy was assessed by quantifying colony-forming units (log10 CFU/cm2) from each implant surface. Scanning electron microscopy was used to analyse changes in the implant surface. With the exception of R-Brush, all treatment strategies were similarly effective in removing P. aeruginosa from implants. Major surface changes were observed only in implants treated with titanium brushes. In conclusion, this pilot study suggests that electrolytic decontamination, erythritol-chlorhexidine particle jet system and i-Brush™ brushing have similar performance in removing P. aeruginosa biofilm from dental implants. Further studies are needed to evaluate the removal of more complex biofilms. Titanium brushes caused significant changes to the implant surface, the effects of which need to be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - João Botelho
- Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz—School of Health and Science, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - Vanessa Machado
- Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz—School of Health and Science, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - Luís Proença
- Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz—School of Health and Science, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - António P. A. Matos
- Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz—School of Health and Science, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - José João Mendes
- Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz—School of Health and Science, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - Lucinda J. Bessa
- Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz—School of Health and Science, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - Nuno Taveira
- Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz—School of Health and Science, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Correspondence: (N.T.); (A.S.)
| | - Alexandre Santos
- Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz—School of Health and Science, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Correspondence: (N.T.); (A.S.)
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10
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An SJ, Ha KW, Jun HK, Kim HY, Choi BK. Reduced proinflammatory activity of outer membrane vesicles of Tannerella forsythia treated with quorum sensing inhibitors. Mol Oral Microbiol 2023; 38:71-81. [PMID: 35866308 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of bacteria harbor physiologically active molecules, and quorum sensing inhibitors (QSIs) are expected to regulate bacterial virulence. In this study, we analyzed the proinflammatory activity of OMVs of the periodontal pathogen Tannerella forsythia treated with d-arabinose and d-galactose as QSIs, which inhibit the biofilm formation of periodontal pathogens and autoinducer 2 activity. Compared to OMVs of nontreated T. forsythia (TF OMVs), OMVs released from QSI-treated T. forsythia, designated TF ara-OMVs and TF gal-OMVs, showed reduced production of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 in THP-1 monocytes through decreased activation of NF-κB/MAPKs. Using a human NF-κB reporter cell line and bone marrow-derived macrophages from TLR2-/- mice, TF ara-OMVs and TF gal-OMVs showed less activation of TLR2 than TF OMVs. These results demonstrated that QSIs provide a dual advantage against bacterial infection by inhibiting bacterial biofilm formation and generating OMVs with reduced proinflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Jin An
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Won Ha
- Bone Science R&D Center, Osstem Implant Co., Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Kyoung Jun
- Bone Science R&D Center, Osstem Implant Co., Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Young Kim
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Kyu Choi
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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11
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Rodríguez-Hernández AP, Vega-Jiménez AL, Vázquez-Olmos AR, Ortega-Maldonado M, Ximenez-Fyvie LA. Antibacterial Properties In Vitro of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles for Dental Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:502. [PMID: 36770464 PMCID: PMC9921384 DOI: 10.3390/nano13030502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
(1) Dental caries, periodontitis, or peri-implantitis are commensal infections related to oral biofilm former bacteria. Likewise, magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO-NPs) were studied to introduce them to the antibacterial properties of a few microorganisms. Considering this, the purpose of the present investigation was to determine the antibacterial properties of MgO-NPs on representative oral strains. (2) Methods: MgO-NPs with a cubic crystal structure were obtained by magnesium hydroxide mechanical activation. After synthesis, the MgO-NPs product was annealed at 800 °C (2 h). The MgO-NPs obtained were tested against ten oral ATCC strains at ten serial concentrations (1:1 20.0-0.039 mg/mL per triplicate) using the micro-broth dilution method to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) or minimal bactericidal concentration (MIB). Measures of OD595 were compared against each positive control with a Student's t-test. Viability was corroborated by colony-forming units. (3) Results: The polycrystalline structure had an average size of 21 nm as determined by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy (high resolution). Antimicrobial sensitivity was observed in Capnocytophaga gingivalis (MIB/MIC 10-5 mg/mL), Eikenella corrodens (MIB 10 mg/mL), and Streptococcus sanguinis (MIB 20 mg/mL) at high concentrations of the MgO-NPs and at lower concentrations of the MgO-NPs in Actinomyces israelii (MIB 0.039 mg/mL), Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. nucleatum (MIB/MIC 5-2.5 mg/mL), Porphyromonas gingivalis (MIB 20 mg/mL/MIC 2.5 mg/mL), Prevotella intermedia (MIB 0.625 mg/mL), Staphylococcus aureus (MIC 2.5 mg/mL), Streptococcus mutans (MIB 20 mg/mL/MIC 0.321 mg/mL), and Streptococcus sobrinus (MIB/MIC 5-2.5 mg/mL). (4) Conclusions: The MgO-NPs' reported antibacterial properties in all oral biofilm strains were evaluated for potential use in dental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana-Patricia Rodríguez-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación de la Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Alejandro L. Vega-Jiménez
- Laboratorio de Bioingeniería de Tejidos, División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación de la Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - América R. Vázquez-Olmos
- Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Miriam Ortega-Maldonado
- Laboratorio de Bioingeniería de Tejidos, División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación de la Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Laurie-Ann Ximenez-Fyvie
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación de la Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
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12
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Sealing Efficacy of the Original and Third-Party Custom-Made Abutments-Microbiological In Vitro Pilot Study. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15041597. [PMID: 35208136 PMCID: PMC8879410 DOI: 10.3390/ma15041597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Implant–abutment connection (IAC) is a key factor for the long-term success and stability of implant-supported prosthodontic restoration and its surrounding tissues. Misfit between prosthodontic abutment and implant at the IAC leads to technical and biological complications. Two kinds of prosthodontic abutments are currently available on the market: original and third-party abutments. The aim of this pilot study was to test and compare the internal fit (gap) at the implant–abutment interface depending on the abutment fabrication method based on microbial leakage in static conditions and the need for the use of gap sealing material. Two groups of 40 implants were formed on the basis of the type of abutment. In each of the groups of two implant systems, two subgroups of 10 implants were formed. The tested subgroups consisted of 10 implants with sealing material and a negative control subgroups consisting of 10 implants without any sealing material. The test material, GapSeal (Hager and Werken, Duisburg, Germany) was applied in the test subgroups. The implant–abutment assemblies were contaminated with a solution containing Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans for 14 days under aerobic conditions. Results showed that there was no statistically significant difference regarding the microbial leakage between the original and third-party custom-made abutments, regardless of the use of sealing material. It can be concluded that the abutment fabrication method has no significant influence on sealing efficacy regarding the bacterial and fungal leakage in static conditions.
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Choudhary S, Verma N, Anand S, Sinha A, Shankar D. Comparative Evaluation of Changes in Microflora in Delayed and Immediate Implant Placement: An In vivo Study. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2021; 13:S105-S108. [PMID: 34447054 PMCID: PMC8375859 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_572_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study is aimed to compare and evaluate the changes in the microflora in immediate and delayed placed implants. Materials and Methods: In this study, the implant site sample was taken and assessed during different phases of treatment for delayed and immediate implants. They were looked for Streptococcus, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Fusobacterium nucleatum. Results: The results showed that Streptococci were found in a higher number in all the phases of the treatment. The presence of pathogenic organisms such as P. gingivalis and Fusobacterium, in considerable amounts, was seen in both the groups. Conclusion: Thus, we conclude that implant mode of placement, delayed or immediate placement does not alter the flora of the oral cavity. Organisms present remains the same in all the phase of the treatment. To prevent the disease, one must continuously monitor the implant, with the increasing age changes, the microflora is continually changing in the oral cavity. The periodontal health should be assessed before the placement of the implant, followed by follow-ups after a set period for a better prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Neeraj Verma
- Department of Dentistry, Patna Medical and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Santosh Anand
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, Patna Dental College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Abhishek Sinha
- Department of Dentistry, Patna Medical College, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Daya Shankar
- Department of Dentistry, Patna Medical College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India
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14
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Tambone E, Marchetti A, Ceresa C, Piccoli F, Anesi A, Nollo G, Caola I, Bosetti M, Fracchia L, Ghensi P, Tessarolo F. Counter-Acting Candida albicans- Staphylococcus aureus Mixed Biofilm on Titanium Implants Using Microbial Biosurfactants. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13152420. [PMID: 34372023 PMCID: PMC8348062 DOI: 10.3390/polym13152420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to grow a fungal-bacterial mixed biofilm on medical-grade titanium and assess the ability of the biosurfactant R89 (R89BS) coating to inhibit biofilm formation. Coated titanium discs (TDs) were obtained by physical absorption of R89BS. Candida albicans-Staphylococcus aureus biofilm on TDs was grown in Yeast Nitrogen Base, supplemented with dextrose and fetal bovine serum, renewing growth medium every 24 h and incubating at 37 °C under agitation. The anti-biofilm activity was evaluated by quantifying total biomass, microbial metabolic activity and microbial viability at 24, 48, and 72 h on coated and uncoated TDs. Scanning electron microscopy was used to evaluate biofilm architecture. R89BS cytotoxicity on human primary osteoblasts was assayed on solutions at concentrations from 0 to 200 μg/mL and using eluates from coated TDs. Mixed biofilm was significantly inhibited by R89BS coating, with similar effects on biofilm biomass, cell metabolic activity and cell viability. A biofilm inhibition >90% was observed at 24 h. A lower but significant inhibition was still present at 48 h of incubation. Viability tests on primary osteoblasts showed no cytotoxicity of coated TDs. R89BS coating was effective in reducing C. albicans-S. aureus mixed biofilm on titanium surfaces and is a promising strategy to prevent dental implants microbial colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Tambone
- Department of Industrial Engineering & BIOtech, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (E.T.); (G.N.)
| | - Alice Marchetti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, 28100 Novara, Italy; (A.M.); (C.C.); (M.B.); (L.F.)
| | - Chiara Ceresa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, 28100 Novara, Italy; (A.M.); (C.C.); (M.B.); (L.F.)
| | - Federico Piccoli
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari, 38122 Trento, Italy; (F.P.); (A.A.); (I.C.)
| | - Adriano Anesi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari, 38122 Trento, Italy; (F.P.); (A.A.); (I.C.)
| | - Giandomenico Nollo
- Department of Industrial Engineering & BIOtech, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (E.T.); (G.N.)
| | - Iole Caola
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari, 38122 Trento, Italy; (F.P.); (A.A.); (I.C.)
| | - Michela Bosetti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, 28100 Novara, Italy; (A.M.); (C.C.); (M.B.); (L.F.)
| | - Letizia Fracchia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, 28100 Novara, Italy; (A.M.); (C.C.); (M.B.); (L.F.)
| | - Paolo Ghensi
- Department CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy;
| | - Francesco Tessarolo
- Department of Industrial Engineering & BIOtech, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (E.T.); (G.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0461-282775
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15
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Rubino CV, Katz BG, Langlois K, Wang HH, Carrion JA, Walker SG, Collier JL, Iacono VJ, Myneni SR. Evaluation of different materials used for sealing of implant abutment access channel and the peri-implant sulcus microbiota: A 6-month, randomized controlled trial. Clin Oral Implants Res 2021; 32:941-950. [PMID: 34129715 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Peri-implantitis has been attributed to a myriad of factors, including microleakage at the abutment-implant interface. Implant abutment access channel sealing materials (IACSM) are readily used in implant dentistry, with little evidence on their effect on microleakage. This study aims to evaluate the effect of IACSM on the microbial composition in the implant access channel and the peri-implant sulcus. METHODS A total of n = 8 patients (64 implants) were included in this single-blinded, randomized controlled trial, whereas four different materials (cotton, polytetrafluoroethylene [PTFE], synthetic foam, or polyvinyl siloxane [PVS]) were randomly placed as an IACSM. Following 6 months, microbial analysis was completed on the IACSM and samples from the peri-implant sulci via PCR and high-throughput sequencing. Bacterial samples on the IACSM and in the peri-implant sulci were classified according to Socransky's microbial complexes. RESULTS There was a preponderance of early colonizing bacteria within the IACSM, while the peri-implant sulci were dominated by Orange complex bacteria. The proportion of Red and Orange complex members on the IACSM was significantly less than in the peri-implant sulci. The proportion of Green, Yellow, and Blue complex members found on the IACSM was significantly greater than in the peri-implant sulci. Atopobium, a diverse species not included in the microbial complexes, was frequently detected in the peri-implant sulcus samples. CONCLUSIONS No detectable effects of IACSM on the microbial community in the peri-implant sulcus or on the IACSM were identified. Variation of bacterial species was most dependent on the individual patient. No significant differences were found in the periodontal parameters between the different treatment groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline V Rubino
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Brandon G Katz
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Kylie Langlois
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Howard H Wang
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Julio A Carrion
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Stephen G Walker
- Department of Oral Biology and Pathology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Jackie L Collier
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Vincent J Iacono
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Srinivas R Myneni
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
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16
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Lafuente-Ibáñez de Mendoza I, Cayero-Garay A, Quindós-Andrés G, Aguirre-Urizar JM. A systematic review on the implication of Candida in peri-implantitis. Int J Implant Dent 2021; 7:73. [PMID: 34136968 PMCID: PMC8209131 DOI: 10.1186/s40729-021-00338-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Candida is a heterogeneous fungal genus. Subgingival sulcus is a refuge for Candida, which has already been related to the pathogenic inflammation of periodontitis. This work aims to review the presence of Candida in the sulcular fluid surrounding dental implants and discuss its potential role in peri-implantitis. Results A bibliographical research was performed in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases, with the keywords candida, peri-implantitis, periimplantitis, “dental implant” and implant. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. At the end, nine observational studies were included, which analysed 400 dental implants with PI and 337 without peri-implantitis. Presence of Candida was assessed by traditional microbiological culture in blood agar or/and CHROMagar, though identification was also detected by quantitative real-time PCR, random amplified polymorphic DNA or ATB ID 32C. Dentate individuals and implants with peri-implantitis (range, 3–76.7%) had a bigger presence of Candida. C. albicans was the most isolated species, followed by Candida parapsilosis, Candida tropicalis, and Candida dubliniensis. Conclusion Candida is part of the microbiological profile of the peri-implant sulcular fluid. More studies are needed to compare the link between Candida and other microorganisms and to discover the true role of these fungi in peri-implantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amaia Cayero-Garay
- Department of Stomatology II, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940, Leioa, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Guillermo Quindós-Andrés
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - José Manuel Aguirre-Urizar
- Department of Stomatology II, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940, Leioa, Vizcaya, Spain.
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17
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Pranno N, Cristalli MP, Mengoni F, Sauzullo I, Annibali S, Polimeni A, La Monaca G. Comparison of the effects of air-powder abrasion, chemical decontamination, or their combination in open-flap surface decontamination of implants failed for peri-implantitis: an ex vivo study. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:2667-2676. [PMID: 32975703 PMCID: PMC8060238 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03578-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare, using an ex vivo model, the biofilm removal of three surface decontamination methods following surgical exposure of implants failed for severe peri-implantitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study design was a single-blind, randomized, controlled, ex vivo investigation with intra-subject control. Study participants were 20 consecutive patients with at least 4 hopeless implants, in function for >12 months and with progressive bone loss exceeding 50%, which had to be explanted. Implants of each patient were randomly assigned to the untreated control group or one of the three decontamination procedures: mechanical debridement with air-powder abrasion, chemical decontamination with hydrogen peroxide and chlorhexidine gluconate, or combined mechanical-chemical decontamination. Following surgical exposure, implants selected as control were retrieved, and afterwards, test implants were decontaminated according to allocation and carefully explanted with a removal kit. Microbiological analysis was expressed in colony-forming-units (CFU/ml). RESULTS A statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) in the concentrations of CFU/ml was found between implants treated with mechanical debridement (531.58 ± 372.07) or combined mechanical-chemical decontamination (954.05 ± 2219.31) and implants untreated (37,800.00 ± 46,837.05) or treated with chemical decontamination alone (29,650.00 ± 42,596.20). No statistically significant difference (p = 1.000) was found between mechanical debridement used alone or supplemented with chemical decontamination. Microbiological analyses identified 21 microbial species, without significant differences between control and treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS Bacterial biofilm removal from infected implant surfaces was significantly superior for mechanical debridement than chemical decontamination. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The present is the only ex vivo study based on decontamination methods for removing actual and mature biofilm from infected implant surfaces in patients with peri-implantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Pranno
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Cristalli
- Department of Biotechnologies and Medical Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 6. Caserta St., 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Fabio Mengoni
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Sauzullo
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Susanna Annibali
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Polimeni
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gerardo La Monaca
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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18
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Fragkioudakis I, Tseleki G, Doufexi AE, Sakellari D. Current Concepts on the Pathogenesis of Peri-implantitis: A Narrative Review. Eur J Dent 2021; 15:379-387. [PMID: 33742426 PMCID: PMC8184306 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1721903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
As implant treatment has been integrated in contemporary dental practice, complications with the forms of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis have also increased in prevalence. Peri-implantitis is the more severe biological complication and is defined as an inflammatory disease affecting peri-implant tissues resulting in bone and eventually implant loss. In addition, the treatment of peri-implantitis has currently become a substantial global economic burden. In the current study, a search was conducted in several electronic databases using specific keywords relevant to the article's main topic. An increasing number of scientific reports have investigated the etiopathology of peri-implant diseases, focusing mainly on peri-implantitis. Microbial biofilm consists an important etiological factor of peri-implant pathology analogous to periodontal diseases. Although several data confirm that peri-implant infections are dominated by gram-negative bacteria, similar to periodontal infections, there is evidence that some cases may harbor a distinct microbiota, including opportunistic microorganisms and/or uncultivable species. Additionally, data support that several parameters, such as genetic predisposition of individual patients, occlusal overload, and local factors such as titanium particles and excess cement, may be implicated in peri-implantitis pathogenesis. Simultaneously, the release of titanium metal particles and their biological consequences or the presence of excess cement in the adjacent peri-implant tissues have also been suggested as factors that contribute to peri-implant pathology. A specific line of research also indicates the role of foreign body response to implant installation. This narrative review aims to discuss the current concepts of etiopathogenetic factors implicated in peri-implantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Fragkioudakis
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Implant Biology, Dental School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgia Tseleki
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Implant Biology, Dental School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Aikaterini-Elisavet Doufexi
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Implant Biology, Dental School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitra Sakellari
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Implant Biology, Dental School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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19
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Guler B, Uraz A, Hatipoğlu H, Yalım M. Chemical Evaluation of Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy Analysis of Different Failing Dental Implant Surfaces: A Comparative Clinical Trial. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14040986. [PMID: 33669886 PMCID: PMC7923284 DOI: 10.3390/ma14040986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to compare two different implant surface chemistries of failing dental implants. Sixteen patients (mean age: 52 ± 8.27 with eight females and eight males) and 34 implants were included in the study. Group-I implants consisted of a blasted/etched surface with a final process surface, while Group-II implants consisted of the sandblasted acid etching (SLA) method. The chemical surface analysis was performed by the energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) method from coronal, middle, and apical parts of each implant. Titanium (Ti) element values were found to be 20.22 ± 15.7 at.% in Group I and 33.96 ± 13.62 at.% in Group-II in the middle of the dental implants. Aluminum (Al) element values were found to be 0.01 ± 0.002 in Group-I and 0.17 ± 0.28 at.% in Group II in the middle of the dental implants, and statistically significant differences were found between the groups for the Al and Ti elements in the middle of the dental implants (p < 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference for the Ti, Al, O, Ca, Fe, P, and Mg elements in the coronal, middle, and apical parts of the implants in the intragroup evaluation (p < 0.05). It is reported that different parts of the implants affected by peri-implant inflammation show different surface chemistries, from coronal to apical, but there is no difference in the implants with different surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berceste Guler
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Kütahya Health Sciences University, Kütahya 43100, Turkey;
- Correspondence:
| | - Ahu Uraz
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara 06500, Turkey; (A.U.); (M.Y.)
| | - Hasan Hatipoğlu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Kütahya Health Sciences University, Kütahya 43100, Turkey;
| | - Mehmet Yalım
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara 06500, Turkey; (A.U.); (M.Y.)
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Antimicrobial Potential of Strontium Hydroxide on Bacteria Associated with Peri-Implantitis. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10020150. [PMID: 33546189 PMCID: PMC7913193 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10020150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Peri-implantitis due to infection of dental implants is a common complication that may cause significant patient morbidity. In this study, we investigated the antimicrobial potential of Sr(OH)2 against different bacteria associated with peri-implantitis. Methods: The antimicrobial potential of five concentrations of Sr(OH)2 (100, 10, 1, 0.1, and 0.01 mM) was assessed with agar diffusion test, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), and biofilm viability assays against six bacteria commonly associated with biomaterial infections: Streptococcus mitis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Escherichia coli, and Fusobacterium nucleatum. Results: Zones of inhibition were only observed for, 0.01, 0.1, and 1 mM of Sr(OH)2 tested against P. gingivalis, in the agar diffusion test. Growth inhibition in planktonic cultures was achieved at 10 mM for all species tested (p < 0.001). In biofilm viability assay, 10 and 100 mM Sr(OH)2 showed potent bactericidal affect against S. mitis, S. epidermidis, A. actinomycetemcomitans, E. coli, and P. gingivalis. Conclusions: The findings of this study indicate that Sr(OH)2 has antimicrobial properties against bacteria associated with peri-implantitis.
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21
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Irshad M, Alam MK, Ali S, Alawneh A, Alhadi M, Alhadi A, Alfawzan AA. Effects of Implant Surface Debridement and Systemic Antibiotics on the Clinical and Microbiological Variables of Periimplantitis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6660052. [PMID: 33553428 PMCID: PMC7847323 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6660052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of implant surface debridement alone and in conjunction with systemic antibiotics on the clinical and microbiological variables of periimplantitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data of forty-six patients with at least one dental implant having bleeding-on-probing (BoP), probing pocket depth (PPD) of more than 5 mm, and radiographic bone loss of more than 3 mm were retrieved from clinical records. Data was recorded for dental implant with the deepest PPD, BoP, and bone loss from each patient. "Group-A" received implant surface debridement alone, while "group-B" additionally received systemic antibiotics. Clinical and microbiological data of patients were compared before and after the treatment. RESULTS At the implant level, a significant reduction of PPD, mucosal recession (MR), and BoP was achieved for all patients. Group B achieved significant improvement in MR and BoP compared to group A at implant level. PPD, MR, and plaque scores showed improvement at implant site level. At 3 months recall visit, 44% of group A and 52% of group B implants required surgical treatment. The presence and proportions of studied bacteria of both groups did not differ significantly at the recall visit when compared to the initial visit. However, P. intermedia and P. micros showed a significant reduction in group A at the recall visit. CONCLUSIONS Implant surface debridement improved the clinical parameters of periimplantitis. In addition, adjunctive use of systemic antibiotics increased mucosal recession and improved bleeding on probing in periimplantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Irshad
- Department of Oral Pathology, Rehman College of Dentistry, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Khursheed Alam
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka 72345, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sajid Ali
- Department of Prosthodontics, Rehman College of Dentistry, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Alawneh
- Jordanian Royal Medical Services, Dental Department, Jordan
| | - Mohammed Alhadi
- Aljouf Specialist Dental Center, MOH, Sakaka 72345, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alhadi
- Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Ali Alfawzan
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry in Ar Rass, Qassim University, Ar Rass, Saudi Arabia
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22
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Antibacterial and antibiofilm properties of graphene and its derivatives. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 200:111588. [PMID: 33529928 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Infections resulting from bacteria and biofilms have become a huge problem threatening human health. In recent years, the antibacterial and antibiofilm effects of graphene and its derivatives have been extensively studied. However, there continues to be some controversy over whether graphene and its derivatives can resist infection and biofilms. Moreover, the antibacterial mechanism and cytotoxicity of graphene and its derivatives are unclear. In the present review, antibacterial and antibiofilm abilities of graphene and its derivatives in solution, on the surface are reviewed, and their toxicity and possible mechanisms are also reviewed. Furthermore, we propose possible future development directions for graphene and its derivatives in antibacterial and antibiofilm applications.
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Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy and Permeability of Various Sealing Materials at the Implant-Abutment Interface-A Pilot In Vitro Study. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14020385. [PMID: 33466846 PMCID: PMC7830056 DOI: 10.3390/ma14020385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The microenvironment of the oral cavity is altered when an implant, a biocompatible foreign body, is inserted into the mouth. Bacteria settle in the tissues in and around the implant due to the passage of microorganisms through the microgap at the connection of the implant and prosthetic abutment. To prevent colonization of the implant by microorganisms, one idea is to use sealing and antimicrobial materials to decontaminate the implant-abutment interface and close the microgap. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy and permeability of different types of sealing materials at the implant-abutment interface, under static conditions. Three different sealing material (GapSeal gel, Oxysafe gel and Flow.sil) were used for sealing the implant-abutment interfaces in 60 titanium dental implants, which were first contaminated with a solution containing Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans for 14 days under an aerobic condition. Results showed that a complete seal against bacterial infection was not formed at the implant-abutment interface, while for fungal infections, only GapSeal material helped to prevent microleakage. Findings of this in vitro study reported that application of sealing material before abutment connection may reduce peri-implant bacterial and fungal population compared with the interface without sealing material.
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24
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Kormas I, Pedercini C, Pedercini A, Raptopoulos M, Alassy H, Wolff LF. Peri-Implant Diseases: Diagnosis, Clinical, Histological, Microbiological Characteristics and Treatment Strategies. A Narrative Review. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9110835. [PMID: 33266370 PMCID: PMC7700146 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9110835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the use of dental implants is continuously increasing, it is imperative for dental practitioners to understand the nature and treatment of peri-implant diseases. The purpose of this manuscript is to comprehensively review peri-implant diseases, their characteristics, as well as their non-surgical and surgical treatment. To that end, the current literature was searched and a narrative review was conducted. It is essential that the case definitions described in the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases and Conditions are used to diagnose and classify peri-implant health, peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis. While recent epidemiologic studies on peri-implant diseases exist, there is great heterogeneity in the definition of these conditions. Several risk factors and indicators are reported in the literature, with smoking and diabetes being the most universally accepted. In peri-implant mucositis, non-surgical treatment seems to be sufficient. However, for the treatment of peri-implantitis, a surgical approach, which includes open-flap debridement, apically positioned flap and guided bone regeneration, is considered more appropriate. A great variety of adjuncts to mechanical treatment have been reported with controversial results. Finally, studies comparing results from different peri-implantitis treatments are warranted in randomized controlled clinical trials in order to provide stronger evidence-based approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Kormas
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (A.P.); (M.R.); (H.A.); (L.F.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-585-298-4698
| | - Chantal Pedercini
- School of Oral Surgery, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Pedercini
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (A.P.); (M.R.); (H.A.); (L.F.W.)
| | - Michail Raptopoulos
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (A.P.); (M.R.); (H.A.); (L.F.W.)
| | - Hatem Alassy
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (A.P.); (M.R.); (H.A.); (L.F.W.)
| | - Larry F. Wolff
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (A.P.); (M.R.); (H.A.); (L.F.W.)
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Ghensi P, Manghi P, Zolfo M, Armanini F, Pasolli E, Bolzan M, Bertelle A, Dell'Acqua F, Dellasega E, Waldner R, Tessarolo F, Tomasi C, Segata N. Strong oral plaque microbiome signatures for dental implant diseases identified by strain-resolution metagenomics. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2020; 6:47. [PMID: 33127901 PMCID: PMC7603341 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-020-00155-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental implants are installed in an increasing number of patients. Mucositis and peri-implantitis are common microbial-biofilm-associated diseases affecting the tissues that surround the dental implant and are a major medical and socioeconomic burden. By metagenomic sequencing of the plaque microbiome in different peri-implant health and disease conditions (113 samples from 72 individuals), we found microbial signatures for peri-implantitis and mucositis and defined the peri-implantitis-related complex (PiRC) composed by the 7 most discriminative bacteria. The peri-implantitis microbiome is site specific as contralateral healthy sites resembled more the microbiome of healthy implants, while mucositis was specifically enriched for Fusobacterium nucleatum acting as a keystone colonizer. Microbiome-based machine learning showed high diagnostic and prognostic power for peri-implant diseases and strain-level profiling identified a previously uncharacterized subspecies of F. nucleatum to be particularly associated with disease. Altogether, we associated the plaque microbiome with peri-implant diseases and identified microbial signatures of disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Ghensi
- Department CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Paolo Manghi
- Department CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Moreno Zolfo
- Department CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | | | | | - Mattia Bolzan
- Department CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.,PreBiomics S.r.l., Trento, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Francesco Tessarolo
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.,Healthcare Research and Innovation Program (IRCS-FBK-PAT), Bruno Kessler Foundation, Trento, Italy
| | - Cristiano Tomasi
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nicola Segata
- Department CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
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26
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Shao C, Zhang X, Ye J, Li YC, Bao YJ, Li ZH, Huang Y, Liu Y. Surface functionalization of titanium substrates with Deoxyribonuclease I inhibit peri-implant bacterial infection. Dent Mater J 2020; 40:322-330. [PMID: 33116001 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2020-055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of Deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) coating on initial adhesion and biofilm formation of peri-implant bacteria. Titanium (Ti), Ti-polydopamine (Ti-PDOP), Ti-PDOP-DNase I and Ti-PDOP-inactivated DNase I samples were studied. The FE-SEM, EDS and XPS were used to confirm that DNase I was coated onto Ti. The initial adhesion and biofilm formation of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A.a) and Fusobacterium nucleatum (F.n) were observed by CLSM. The osteogenic induction of Ti-PDOP-DNase I on MC3T3-E1 cells was investigated by ALP activity and RT-PCR. The adhesion clearance rate of viable bacteria on the surfaces of Ti-PDOP-DNase I was 91.95% for A.a, and 96.37% for F.n, and the 24 h biofilm formation of the bacteria was significantly inhibited. In addition, on DNase I coating, the mRNA level of osteogenic marker genes (alp, opn, bsp, sp7) and the activity of ALP were both up-regulated. Therefore, DNase I coating could be an alternative approach for preventing implant-related infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Shao
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University.,Department of Stomatology, Peking University Third Hospital Yanqing Hospital
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Prosthodonictcs, School of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Stomatology, Tianjin Hospital
| | - Ya-Chong Li
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University
| | - Yi-Jun Bao
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University
| | - Zhi-Hui Li
- Tianjin International Travel Health Center
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University
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27
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de Camargo Reis Mello D, Rodrigues LM, D'Antola Mello FZ, Gonçalves TF, Ferreira B, Schneider SG, de Oliveira LD, de Vasconcellos LMR. Biological and microbiological interactions of Ti-35Nb-7Zr alloy and its basic elements on bone marrow stromal cells: good prospects for bone tissue engineering. Int J Implant Dent 2020; 6:65. [PMID: 33099690 PMCID: PMC7585585 DOI: 10.1186/s40729-020-00261-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An effective biomaterial for bone replacement should have properties to avoid bacterial contamination and promote bone formation while inducing rapid cell differentiation simultaneously. Bone marrow stem cells are currently being investigated because of their known potential for differentiation in osteoblast lineage. This makes these cells a good option for stem cell-based therapy. We have aimed to analyze, in vitro, the potential of pure titanium (Ti), Ti-35Nb-7Zr alloy (A), niobium (Nb), and zirconia (Zr) to avoid the microorganisms S. aureus (S.a) and P. aeruginosa (P.a). Furthermore, our objective was to evaluate if the basic elements of Ti-35Nb-7Zr alloy have any influence on bone marrow stromal cells, the source of stem cells, and observe if these metals have properties to induce cell differentiation into osteoblasts. METHODS Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) were obtained from mice femurs and cultured in osteogenic media without dexamethasone as an external source of cell differentiation. The samples were divided into Ti-35Nb-7Zr alloy (A), pure titanium (Ti), Nb (niobium), and Zr (zirconia) and were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). After predetermined periods, cell interaction, cytotoxicity, proliferation, and cell differentiation tests were performed. For monotypic biofilm formation, standardized suspensions (106 cells/ml) with the microorganisms S. aureus (S.a) and P. aeruginosa (P.a) were cultured for 24 h on the samples and submitted to an MTT test. RESULTS All samples presented cell proliferation, growth, and spreading. All groups presented cell viability above 70%, but the alloy (A) showed better results, with statistical differences from Nb and Zr samples. Zr expressed higher ALP activity and was statistically different from the other groups (p < 0.05). In contrast, no statistical difference was observed between the samples as regards mineralization nodules. Lower biofilm formation of S.a and P.a. was observed on the Nb samples, with statistical differences from the other samples. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the basic elements present in the alloy have osteoinductive characteristics, and Zr has a good influence on bone marrow stromal cell differentiation. We also believe that Nb has the best potential for reducing the formation of microbial biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne de Camargo Reis Mello
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, São José dos Campos School of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil.
| | - Lais Morandini Rodrigues
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, São José dos Campos School of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil
- Oakland University, Mathematics and Science, 318 Meadow Brook Rd, Rochester Hills, USA
| | - Fabia Zampieri D'Antola Mello
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, São José dos Campos School of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil
| | - Thais Fernanda Gonçalves
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, São José dos Campos School of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil
| | - Bento Ferreira
- Escola de Engenharia de Lorena (EEL-USP), Pólo-Urbo Industrial, Gleba Al-6, S/N, Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Luciane Dias de Oliveira
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, São José dos Campos School of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil
| | - Luana Marotta Reis de Vasconcellos
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, São José dos Campos School of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil
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Mouhat M, Moorehead R, Murdoch C. In vitro Candida albicans biofilm formation on different titanium surface topographies. Biomater Investig Dent 2020; 7:146-157. [PMID: 33134957 PMCID: PMC7580804 DOI: 10.1080/26415275.2020.1829489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate if differences in titanium implant surface topography influence Candida albicans biofilm formation. Materials and Methods Titanium discs were prepared and characterized using a profilometer: Group A (Ra 0.15 µm, smooth), Group B (Ra 0.64 µm, minimally rough) and Group C (Ra 1.3 µm, moderately rough). Contact angle and surface free energy (SFE) were determined for each group. Non-preconditioned titanium discs were incubated with C. albicans for 24 h. In additional experiments, the titanium discs were initially coated with human saliva, bovine serum albumin or phosphate-buffered saline for 2 h before incubation with C. albicans for 24 h. The amount of fungal biofilm formation was quantified using a colorimetric assay. Results C. albicans biofilm formation was significantly lower (p < 0.05) on the minimally rough titanium surface compared to smooth and moderately rough surfaces. The titanium surface displaying the lowest SFE (Group B) was associated with significantly lower (p < 0.05) C. albicans biofilm formation than the other two groups. Salivary coating resulted in greater adherence of C. albicans with increased surface roughness. Conclusions The minimally rough titanium discs displayed lowest SFE compared to smooth and moderately rough surfaces and showed the least C. albicans biofilm formation. This study demonstrated that C. albicans biofilm formation increased in a SFE-dependent manner. These findings suggest that SFE might be a more explanatory factor for C. albicans biofilm formation on titanium surfaces than roughness. The presence of a pellicle coating may negate the impact of SFE on C. albicans biofilm formation on titanium surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Mouhat
- Department for Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, The Arctic University of Norway (UiT), Tromsø, Norway.,School of Clinical Dentistry, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Robert Moorehead
- The Henry Royce Institute, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Craig Murdoch
- School of Clinical Dentistry, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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29
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Ren X, Gao R, van der Mei HC, Ren Y, Peterson BW, Busscher HJ. Eradicating Infecting Bacteria while Maintaining Tissue Integration on Photothermal Nanoparticle-Coated Titanium Surfaces. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:34610-34619. [PMID: 32633488 PMCID: PMC7404209 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c08592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Photothermal nanoparticles locally release heat when irradiated by near-infrared (NIR). Clinical applications initially involved tumor treatment, but currently extend toward bacterial infection control. Applications toward much smaller, micrometer-sized bacterial infections, however, bear the risk of collateral damage by dissipating heat into tissues surrounding an infection site. This can become a complication when photothermal nanoparticle coatings are clinically applied on biomaterial surfaces requiring tissue integration, such as titanium-made, bone-anchored dental implants. Dental implants can fail due to infection in the pocket formed between the implant screw and the surrounding soft tissue ("peri-implantitis"). We address the hitherto neglected potential complication of collateral tissue damage by evaluating photothermal, polydopamine nanoparticle (PDA-NP) coatings on titanium surfaces in different coculture models. NIR irradiation of PDA-NP-coated (200 μg/cm2) titanium surfaces with adhering Staphylococcus aureus killed staphylococci within an irradiation time window of around 3 min. Alternatively, when covered with human gingival fibroblasts, this irradiation time window maintained surface coverage by fibroblasts. Contaminating staphylococci on PDA-NP-coated titanium surfaces, as can be per-operatively introduced, reduced surface coverage by fibroblasts, and this could be prevented by NIR irradiation for 5 min or longer prior to allowing fibroblasts to adhere and grow. Negative impacts of early postoperative staphylococcal challenges to an existing fibroblast layer covering a coated surface were maximally prevented by 3 min NIR irradiation. Longer irradiation times caused collateral fibroblast damage. Late postoperative staphylococcal challenges to a protective keratinocyte layer covering a fibroblast layer required 10 min NIR irradiation for adverting a staphylococcal challenge. This is longer than foreseen from monoculture studies because of additional heat uptake by the keratinocyte layer. Summarizing, photothermal treatment of biomaterial-associated infection requires precise timing of NIR irradiation to prevent collateral damage to tissues surrounding the infection site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiang Ren
- University
of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ruifang Gao
- University
of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Henny C. van der Mei
- University
of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yijin Ren
- University
of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Orthodontics, Hanzeplein 1, 9700
RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Brandon W. Peterson
- University
of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henk J. Busscher
- University
of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
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Pérez-Laguna V, García-Luque I, Ballesta S, Pérez-Artiaga L, Lampaya-Pérez V, Rezusta A, Gilaberte Y. Photodynamic therapy using methylene blue, combined or not with gentamicin, against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 31:101810. [PMID: 32437976 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (a-PDT), combined or not with antibiotics, constitutes a promising therapy for superficial infections caused by bacteria implicated in multidrug resistance processes. We compared the efficacy of aPDT using the photosensitizer methylene blue (MB), combined or not with the antibiotic gentamicin (GN), against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Different concentrations of MB (0.03-7000 μg/mL), with or without GN (1-20 μg/mL), were added to planktonic cultures or biofilms and the samples irradiated with a LED lamp (λ 625 nm, 7 mW/cm2, 18 J/cm2). The number of viable bacteria in the samples and in corresponding nonirradiated controls was quantified by counting colony-forming units to evaluate the individual effects of MB, GN, and irradiation. MB-aPDT resulted in significant bacterial photoinactivation. The combination of GN and MB-aPDT exerted a synergistic bactericidal effect against planktonic cultures of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. This combination did not significantly alter the photoinactivating effect of MB against S. aureus biofilms, but exerted a positive bactericidal effect against P. aeruginosa biofilms. These results underscore the need for further clinical studies of this therapeutic combination for the management of difficult-to-treat skin and mucous infections, especially those caused by P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isabel García-Luque
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Sofía Ballesta
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Luna Pérez-Artiaga
- Department of Microbiology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Rezusta
- IIS Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Microbiology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Microbiology, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Yolanda Gilaberte
- IIS Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Dermatology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
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Sahrmann P, Gilli F, Wiedemeier DB, Attin T, Schmidlin PR, Karygianni L. The Microbiome of Peri-Implantitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8050661. [PMID: 32369987 PMCID: PMC7284896 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8050661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This review aimed to systematically compare microbial profiles of peri-implantitis to those of periodontitis and healthy implants. Therefore, an electronic search in five databases was conducted. For inclusion, studies assessing the microbiome of peri-implantitis in otherwise healthy patients were considered. Literature was assessed for consistent evidence of exclusive or predominant peri-implantitis microbiota. Of 158 potentially eligible articles, data of 64 studies on 3730 samples from peri-implant sites were included in this study. Different assessment methods were described in the studies, namely bacterial culture, PCR-based assessment, hybridization techniques, pyrosequencing, and transcriptomic analyses. After analysis of 13 selected culture-dependent studies, no microbial species were found to be specific for peri-implantitis. After assessment of 28 studies using PCR-based methods and a meta-analysis on 19 studies, a higher prevalence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Prevotella intermedia (log-odds ratio 4.04 and 2.28, respectively) was detected in peri-implantitis biofilms compared with healthy implants. Actinomyces spp., Porphyromonas spp. and Rothia spp. were found in all five pyrosequencing studies in healthy-, periodontitis-, and peri-implantitis samples. In conclusion, the body of evidence does not show a consistent specific profile. Future studies should focus on the assessment of sites with different diagnosis for the same patient, and investigate the complex host-biofilm interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Sahrmann
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (F.G.); (T.A.); (P.R.S.); (L.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-44-634-3412
| | - Fabienne Gilli
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (F.G.); (T.A.); (P.R.S.); (L.K.)
| | - Daniel B. Wiedemeier
- Statistical Services, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Thomas Attin
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (F.G.); (T.A.); (P.R.S.); (L.K.)
| | - Patrick R. Schmidlin
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (F.G.); (T.A.); (P.R.S.); (L.K.)
| | - Lamprini Karygianni
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (F.G.); (T.A.); (P.R.S.); (L.K.)
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The Effectiveness of Chlorhexidine and Air Polishing System in the Treatment of Candida albicans Infected Dental Implants: An Experimental In Vitro Study. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9040179. [PMID: 32295150 PMCID: PMC7235741 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9040179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Peri-implantitis is an inflammatory disease with an increasing diffusion rate which can affect the long-term survival of a prosthetic rehabilitation. The present study focused on the decontaminating efficacy of chlorhexidine and air polishing system with sodium bicarbonate powder against Candida albicans, a microorganism which seems to have a superinfecting opportunistic role in the pathology. The aim of the authors was to investigate and compare the effectiveness of these treatments, commonly used in clinical practice. Methods: An in vitro study was conducted to analyze the effects of two widely used therapeutic aids for the disinfection of affected titanium implants: chlorhexidine (CHX) and air polishing with sodium bicarbonate powder (P). A qualitative and quantitative comparative analysis of the residual biofilm was carried out using a colorimetric assay (XTT) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation. The experiment was conducted both on machined titanium surfaces and on rough sandblasted ones with the aim of bringing out differences in the therapeutic outcomes concerning the superficial texture of the implant. The null hypothesis was that no difference could be detected between the samples, regarding both the treatments performed and the nano-structural features of titanium. Results: The best results (on both types of implant surfaces) were obtained when combining the use of chlorhexidine and air polishing (C + P). A linear decrease in the optical density (OD) values recorded at three different time points (30 s, 1 min, 5 min) was also observed passing from the first to the last one. When observed under scanning electron microscope rough surfaces showed an extensive and highly structured biofilm, more complex if compared to the one encountered when analyzing machined implants. Conclusions: the present pilot study showed that rough surfaces can promote fungal adhesion and eventually hinder the outcome of a decontaminating treatment. For this purpose, the physio-chemical technique is always more efficient if compared to a single-technique approach regardless of the surface characteristics.
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Ramenzoni LL, Bösch A, Proksch S, Attin T, Schmidlin PR. Effect of high glucose levels and lipopolysaccharides-induced inflammation on osteoblast mineralization over sandblasted/acid-etched titanium surface. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2020; 22:213-219. [PMID: 32026615 DOI: 10.1111/cid.12884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Poorly controlled diabetes mellitus has been related to higher risk of implant treatment complications due to increased susceptibility to infection and delayed wound healing. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) stimulate cytokine production leading to chronic inflammation and immunological host response that accentuates the destruction of periodontal tissues. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different glycemic conditions on secretion and mineralization of bone matrix under sterile inflammation induced by LPS on osteoblasts seeded over sandblasted/acid-etched (SLA) titanium surface. MATERIALS AND METHODS Osteoblast cell viability was performed to determine the influence of different glucose concentrations (5.5, 8, 12, and 24 mM), which were chosen to reflect normal, postprandial, and high glucose values, similar to those typically seen in Diabetes mellitus under clinical conditions. Cells were seeded on titanium SLA discs (Straumann AG, Waldenburg, Switzerland) and exposed to glucose concentrations and LPS (1μg/mL) in order to test inflammatory response (qPCR) and mineralization (Alizarin Red staining). RESULTS Osteoblast viability was severely decreased when exposed to higher glucose levels (≥12 mM) and LPS (P < .05) compared to control. When the osteoblasts were exposed to LPS and glucose at ≥8 mM, the gene transcripts of inflammatory cytokines were ≈2.5-fold upregulated, while ≤8 mM glucose elicited no significant change compared to control without glucose treatment (P > .05). Osteoblasts exposed to LPS produced sparse extracellular matrix mineralization, especially combined with higher glucose values (≥12 mM), together with decreased calcium deposition compared to control (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS High glucose levels combined with LPS inflammatory stimulation elicited an adverse effect on the volume and quality of mineralized hard tissue formation on SLA titanium surfaces in vitro. Hence, both normal glucose levels and infection control including low levels of circulating LPS during initial osseointegration period may be required to increase the success rate of dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liza L Ramenzoni
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Applied Periodontal and Peri-implantitis Sciences, Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Adrian Bösch
- Clinic for Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Material Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Proksch
- G.E.R.N. Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Attin
- Laboratory of Applied Periodontal and Peri-implantitis Sciences, Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick R Schmidlin
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Applied Periodontal and Peri-implantitis Sciences, Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Schwarz F, Derks J, Monje A, Wang HL. Peri-implantitis. J Periodontol 2019; 89 Suppl 1:S267-S290. [PMID: 29926957 DOI: 10.1002/jper.16-0350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 406] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This narrative review provides an evidence-based overview on peri-implantitis for the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions. METHODS A literature review was conducted addressing the following topics: 1) definition of peri-implantitis; 2) conversion from peri-implant mucositis to peri-implantitis, 3) onset and pattern of disease progression, 4) characteristics of peri-implantitis, 5) risk factors/indicators for peri-implantitis, and 6) progressive crestal bone loss in the absence of soft tissue inflammation. CONCLUSIONS 1)Peri-implantitis is a pathological condition occurring in tissues around dental implants, characterized by inflammation in the peri-implant connective tissue and progressive loss of supporting bone. 2)The histopathologic and clinical conditions leading to the conversion from peri-implant mucositis to peri-implantitis are not completely understood. 3)The onset of peri-implantitis may occur early during follow-up and the disease progresses in a non-linear and accelerating pattern. 4a)Peri-implantitis sites exhibit clinical signs of inflammation and increased probing depths compared to baseline measurements. 4b)At the histologic level, compared to periodontitis sites, peri-implantitis sites often have larger inflammatory lesions. 4c)Surgical entry at peri-implantitis sites often reveals a circumferential pattern of bone loss. 5a)There is strong evidence that there is an increased risk of developing peri-implantitis in patients who have a history of chronic periodontitis, poor plaque control skills, and no regular maintenance care after implant therapy. Data identifying "smoking" and "diabetes" as potential risk factors/indicators for peri-implantitis are inconclusive. 5b)There is some limited evidence linking peri-implantitis to other factors such as: post-restorative presence of submucosal cement, lack of peri-implant keratinized mucosa and positioning of implants that make it difficult to perform oral hygiene and maintenance. 6)Evidence suggests that progressive crestal bone loss around implants in the absence of clinical signs of soft tissue inflammation is a rare event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Schwarz
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Carolinum, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jan Derks
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alberto Monje
- Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology, ZMK School of Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Hom-Lay Wang
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Zhang XM, Li Y, Gu YX, Zhang CN, Lai HC, Shi JY. Ta-Coated Titanium Surface With Superior Bacteriostasis And Osseointegration. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:8693-8706. [PMID: 31806965 PMCID: PMC6842742 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s218640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although tantalum (Ta)-based coatings have been proven to have good antibacterial activity, the underlying mechanism and in vivo biological performance remain unclear, which are essential for the clinical application of Ta-coated biomaterials as dental implants. Purpose The main objective of this study is to investigate the antibacterial activity of Ta-modified titanium (Ti) implants against peri-implantitis-related microbes and the potential molecular mechanisms. Methods Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis were selected to evaluate the antibacterial activity and potential antibacterial mechanism of Ta modification. The in vivo biocompatibility of Ta-modified implants was also evaluated. Results The results showed that Ta-modified surface performed excellent antimicrobial activity against Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Micro galvanic might be formed between the incorporated Ta and the Ti base, which could consume the protons and result in decreased ATP synthesis and increased ROS generation. The gene expression of bacterial virulence factors associated with cellular attachment, invasion and viability as the target of ROS was downregulated. Importantly, in vivo biological studies showed that Ta modification significantly promoted the osseointegration of implants by stimulating the expression of bone-forming proteins. Conclusion This study may provide some insights into clinical applications of Ta-coated Ti implants, especially in possibly infected situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Meng Zhang
- Department of Implant Dentistry, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Implant Dentistry, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Xin Gu
- Department of Implant Dentistry, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Chu-Nan Zhang
- Department of Implant Dentistry, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Chang Lai
- Department of Implant Dentistry, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Yu Shi
- Department of Implant Dentistry, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
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36
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Schwarz F, Derks J, Monje A, Wang HL. Peri-implantitis. J Clin Periodontol 2019; 45 Suppl 20:S246-S266. [PMID: 29926484 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 384] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This narrative review provides an evidence-based overview on peri-implantitis for the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions. METHODS A literature review was conducted addressing the following topics: 1) definition of peri-implantitis; 2) conversion from peri-implant mucositis to peri-implantitis, 3) onset and pattern of disease progression, 4) characteristics of peri-implantitis, 5) risk factors/indicators for peri-implantitis, and 6) progressive crestal bone loss in the absence of soft tissue inflammation. CONCLUSIONS 1)Peri-implantitis is a pathological condition occurring in tissues around dental implants, characterized by inflammation in the peri-implant connective tissue and progressive loss of supporting bone. 2)The histopathologic and clinical conditions leading to the conversion from peri-implant mucositis to peri-implantitis are not completely understood. 3)The onset of peri-implantitis may occur early during follow-up and the disease progresses in a non-linear and accelerating pattern. 4a)Peri-implantitis sites exhibit clinical signs of inflammation and increased probing depths compared to baseline measurements. 4b)At the histologic level, compared to periodontitis sites, peri-implantitis sites often have larger inflammatory lesions. 4c)Surgical entry at peri-implantitis sites often reveals a circumferential pattern of bone loss. 5a)There is strong evidence that there is an increased risk of developing peri-implantitis in patients who have a history of chronic periodontitis, poor plaque control skills, and no regular maintenance care after implant therapy. Data identifying "smoking" and "diabetes" as potential risk factors/indicators for peri-implantitis are inconclusive. 5b)There is some limited evidence linking peri-implantitis to other factors such as: post-restorative presence of submucosal cement, lack of peri-implant keratinized mucosa and positioning of implants that make it difficult to perform oral hygiene and maintenance. 6)Evidence suggests that progressive crestal bone loss around implants in the absence of clinical signs of soft tissue inflammation is a rare event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Schwarz
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Carolinum, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jan Derks
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alberto Monje
- Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology, ZMK School of Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Hom-Lay Wang
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Differential Efficacy of Two Dental Implant Decontamination Techniques in Reducing Microbial Biofilm and Re-Growth onto Titanium Disks In Vitro. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9153191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Dental implants are crucial therapeutic devices for successful substitution of missing teeth. Failure cases are mainly pathogen-associated events, allowing clinical progression toward peri-mucositis or peri-implantitis. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of two mechanical decontamination systems, Nickel-Titanium brush (Brush) and Air-Polishing system with 40 µm bicarbonate powder (BIC-40), by means of a novel bioluminescence-based model that measures microbial load in real time. Briefly, 30 disks were contaminated using the bioluminescent Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain (BLI-P. aeruginosa), treated with Brush (30 s rounds, for 90 s) or BIC-40 (30 s, at 5 mm distance) procedure, and then assessed for microbial load, particularly, biofilm removal and re-growth. Our results showed that Brush and BIC-40 treatment reduced microbial load of about 1 and more than 3 logs, respectively. Furthermore, microbial re-growth onto Brush-treated disks rapidly occurred, while BIC-40-treated disks were slowly recolonized, reaching levels of microbial load consistently below those observed with the controls. In conclusion, we provide evidence on the good performance of BIC-40 as titanium device-decontamination system, the clinical implication for such findings will be discussed.
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Alagl AS, Madi M, Bedi S, Al Onaizan F, Al-Aql ZS. The Effect of Er,Cr:YSGG and Diode Laser Applications on Dental Implant Surfaces Contaminated with Acinetobacter Baumannii and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E2073. [PMID: 31252629 PMCID: PMC6651164 DOI: 10.3390/ma12132073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of peri-implantitis through several implant surface decontamination techniques have been reported, however, some of them can negatively alter the implant surface or enhance more bacterial resistance. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate implant surface decontamination by means of Er,Cr:YSGG and diode lasers. Fifty micro-textured (MTX) dental implants were contaminated with Acinetobacter baumannii (n = 25) and with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 25). All implants were then divided into five groups for the decontamination procedure. In group I (GI), decontamination was done with an Er,Cr:YSGG laser (2780 nm), while in group II (GII) decontamination was performed using photodynamic therapy (a 650 nm diode laser). In Group III (GIII) decontamination was performed with photodynamic therapy (an 808 nm diode laser), and in group IV (GIV) decontamination was performed with 0.12% chlorhexidine. Group V (GV) was the control group with no decontamination. After decontamination, colony forming units (CFU) were counted and implants were prepared for SEM analysis. A significant difference (p < 0.001) was observed for GI compared to the other groups, and also for GIV compared to both GII and GIII. The Er,Cr:YSGG laser (GI) showed the best results in decontaminating the implant surface. Chlorhexidine (GIV), proved to be better in decontaminating the implant surface than photodynamic therapy GII and diode laser GIII. No significant difference was found between group GII and GIII. The SEM analysis showed no significant change in the implant surface topography. The results of this study suggest that the Er,Cr:YSGG laser can be considered as an effective technique for reducing bacteria contamination on implant surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel S Alagl
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa Madi
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sumit Bedi
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Al Onaizan
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zainab S Al-Aql
- Dental Services, King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia
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TEODORA PREOTEASA CRISTINA, PREOTEASA ELENA, POPA MARCELA, (PIRCALABIORU) GRADISTEANU GRATIELA, GRIGORE RALUCA, MARUTESCU LUMINITA. In vitro characterization of microbial biofilm on soft materials used in overdentures retained by mini implants. ROMANIAN BIOTECHNOLOGICAL LETTERS 2019. [DOI: 10.25083/rbl/24.1/10.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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40
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Agarwalla SV, Ellepola K, Costa MCFD, Fechine GJM, Morin JLP, Castro Neto AH, Seneviratne CJ, Rosa V. Hydrophobicity of graphene as a driving force for inhibiting biofilm formation of pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Dent Mater 2019; 35:403-413. [PMID: 30679015 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the surface and wettability characteristics and the microbial biofilm interaction of graphene coating on titanium. METHODS Graphene was deposited on titanium (Control) via a liquid-free technique. The transfer was performed once (TiGS), repeated two (TiGD) and five times (TiGV) and characterized by AFM (n=10), Raman spectroscopy (n=10), contact angle and SFE (n=5). Biofilm formation (n=3) to Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans was evaluated after 24h by CV assay, CFU, XTT and confocal microscopy. Statistics were performed by one-way Anova, Tukey's tests and Pearson's correlation analysis at a pre-set significance level of 5 %. RESULTS Raman mappings revealed coverage yield of 82 % for TiGS and ≥99 % for TiGD and TiGV. Both TiGD and TiGV presented FWHM>44cm-1 and ID/IG ratio<0.12, indicating multiple graphene layers and occlusion of defects. The contact angle was significantly higher for TiGD and TiGV (110° and 117°) comparing to the Control (70°). The SFE was lower for TiGD (13.8mN/m) and TiGV (12.1mN/m) comparing to Control (38.3mN/m). TiGD was selected for biofilm assays and exhibited significant reduction in biofilm formation for all microorganisms compared to Control. There were statistical correlations between the high contact angle and low SFE of TiGD and decreased biofilm formation. SIGNIFICANCE TiGD presented high quality and coverage and decreased biofilm formation for all species. The increased hydrophobicity of graphene films was correlated with the decreased biofilm formation for various species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kassapa Ellepola
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | - Julien Luc Paul Morin
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - A H Castro Neto
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Vinicius Rosa
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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Alotaibi M, Moran G, Grufferty B, Renvert S, Polyzois I. The effect of a decontamination protocol on contaminated titanium dental implant surfaces with different surface topography in edentulous patients. Acta Odontol Scand 2019; 77:66-75. [PMID: 30264636 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2018.1504986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate if it is possible to achieve complete decontamination of dental implant surfaces with different surface characteristics.Materials and methods: Twelve implant pieces with an Osseotite® surface and 12 implant pieces with a Ti-Unite® surface were attached on to the complete lower dentures of six patients and were allowed to accumulate plaque for 30 days. When retrieved, the implant decontamination protocol used, involved both mechanical (PeriBrush™) and chemical (3% H2O2) decontamination. The number of colony forming units per millilitre was determined and the dominant micro-organisms in selected samples was identified by 16s rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The effect of the titanium brush on the implant surface was examined by SEM.Results: Complete decontamination was achieved in five out of 24 implants (four Osseotite® and one Ti-Unite®). The mean CFU/ml detected after decontamination were 464.48 for Osseotite® and 729.09 for Ti-Unite® implants. On the surface of the implants in which complete decontamination was not achieved, all of the predominant bacteria identified were streptococci except for one which was identified as micrococcus. SEM images revealed that the surface features of the decontaminated implants were not significantly altered.Conclusions: Mechanical decontamination using a titanium brush supplemented with chemical treatment for one minute (3% H2O2) can achieve complete decontamination of implant surfaces in edentulous patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Alotaibi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gary Moran
- Microbiology Research Unit, Division of Oral Biosciences, Dublin Dental University Hospital Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brendan Grufferty
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stefan Renvert
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Health Sciences, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
- Blekinge Institute of Technology, Karlskrona, Sweden
| | - Ioannis Polyzois
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
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Di Salle A, Spagnuolo G, Conte R, Procino A, Peluso G, Rengo C. Effects of various prophylactic procedures on titanium surfaces and biofilm formation. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2018; 48:373-382. [PMID: 30619638 PMCID: PMC6312878 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2018.48.6.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of various prophylactic treatments of titanium implants on bacterial biofilm formation, correlating surface modifications with the biofilms produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, Staphylococcus aureus, and bacteria isolated from saliva. Methods Pure titanium disks were treated with various prophylactic procedures, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to determine the degree to which surface roughness was modified. To evaluate antibiofilm activity, we used P. aeruginosa PAO1, S. aureus, and saliva-isolated Streptococcus spp., Bacteroides fragilis, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Results AFM showed that the surface roughness increased after using the air-polishing device and ultrasonic scaler, while a significant reduction was observed after using a curette or polishing with Detartrine ZTM (DZ) abrasive paste. In addition, we only observed a significant (P<0.01) reduction in biofilm formation on the DZ-treated implant surfaces. Conclusion In this study, both AFM and antibiofilm analyses indicated that using DZ abrasive paste could be considered as the prophylactic procedure of choice for managing peri-implant lesions and for therapy-resistant cases of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Di Salle
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianrico Spagnuolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Dentistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Raffaele Conte
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Alfredo Procino
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Peluso
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Rengo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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BinShabaib MS, Mehmood A, Akram Z, ALHarthi SS. Peri-implant clinical and radiographic status and whole salivary cotinine levels among cigarette and waterpipe smokers and never-smokers. J Oral Sci 2018; 60:247-252. [PMID: 29925709 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.17-0221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The aim was to compare the peri-implant clinical and radiographic inflammatory parameters and whole salivary cotinine levels among cigarette smokers (CS), waterpipe smokers (WS) and never-smokers (NS). Thirty-four CS (Group 1), 33 WS (Group 2), and 31 NS (Group 3) were included. Peri-implant plaque index (PI), bleeding-on-probing (BOP), and probing depth (PD) were measured, and crestal bone loss (CBL) was assessed on standardized digital radiographs. Unstimulated whole saliva samples were collected and whole salivary cotinine levels were measured. Peri-implant PI and PD were higher in Groups 1 (P < 0.05) and 2 (P < 0.05) than in Group 3. Peri-implant BOP was significantly higher in Group 3 than in Groups 1 (P < 0.01) and 2 (P < 0.01). Peri-implant MBL was significantly higher in Groups 1 (P < 0.05) and 2 (P < 0.05) than in Group 3. There were significant differences in PI, BOP, PD, and CBL between Groups 1 and 2. There was no significant difference in the whole salivary cotinine levels in Groups 1 and 2. Peri-implant sites with plaque accumulation, PD, CBL, and whole salivary cotinine levels were higher in CS and WS than in NS, but did not differ between CS and WS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munerah S BinShabaib
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University
| | - Abid Mehmood
- Department of Dentistry, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre
| | - Zohaib Akram
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ziauddin University
| | - Shatha S ALHarthi
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University
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Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/archcid.58410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Bevilacqua L, Milan A, Del Lupo V, Maglione M, Dolzani L. Biofilms Developed on Dental Implant Titanium Surfaces with Different Roughness: Comparison Between In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. Curr Microbiol 2018; 75:766-772. [PMID: 29487988 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-018-1446-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Microbial biofilms developed on dental implants play a major role in perimplantitis' pathogenesis. Many studies have indicated that surface roughness is the main feature favoring biofilm development in vitro, but its actual influence in vivo has still to be confirmed. In this study, the amount of biofilm formed on differently treated titanium surfaces, showing distinct roughness, has been examined both in vivo and in vitro by Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy. In vitro studies availed of biofilm developed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa or by salivary bacteria from volunteer donors. In vivo biofilm production was obtained by exposing titanium discs to the oral cavity of healthy volunteers. In vitro experiments showed that P. aeruginosa and, to a lesser extent, salivary bacteria produce more biomass and develop thicker biofilms on laser-treated and sandblasted titanium surfaces with respect to machined ones. In vivo experiments confirmed that bacterial colonization starts on sites of surface unevenness, but failed to disclose biomass differences among biofilms formed on surfaces with different roughness. Our study revealed that biofilm developed in vitro is more easily influenced by surface features than biofilm formed by complex communities in the mouth, where the cooperation of a variety of bacterial species and the presence of a wide range of nutrients and conditions allow bacteria to optimize substrate colonization. Therefore, quantitative differences observed in vitro among surfaces with different characteristics may not be predictive of different colonization rates in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Bevilacqua
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazza dell'Ospitale 1, 34125, Trieste, Italy
| | - Annalisa Milan
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via Fleming 22, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Veronica Del Lupo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazza dell'Ospitale 1, 34125, Trieste, Italy
| | - Michele Maglione
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazza dell'Ospitale 1, 34125, Trieste, Italy
| | - Lucilla Dolzani
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via Fleming 22, 34127, Trieste, Italy.
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Schwarz F, Becker J, Civale S, Hazar D, Iglhaut T, Iglhaut G. Onset, progression and resolution of experimental peri-implant mucositis at different abutment surfaces: A randomized controlled two-centre study. J Clin Periodontol 2018; 45:471-483. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Schwarz
- Department of Oral Surgery; Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf; Düsseldorf Germany
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology; Carolinum, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt; Frankfurt Germany
| | - Jürgen Becker
- Department of Oral Surgery; Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf; Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Sara Civale
- Department of Oral Surgery; Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf; Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Didem Hazar
- Department of Oral Surgery; Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf; Düsseldorf Germany
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Lafaurie GI, Sabogal MA, Castillo DM, Rincón MV, Gómez LA, Lesmes YA, Chambrone L. Microbiome and Microbial Biofilm Profiles of Peri-Implantitis: A Systematic Review. J Periodontol 2017; 88:1066-1089. [PMID: 28625077 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2017.170123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This systematic review assesses microbiologic profiles of peri-implantitis, periodontitis, and healthy implants based on studies that evaluated microbial biofilms and entire microbiomes to establish their similarities and differences. METHODS The Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online via PubMed, Excerpta Medica Database, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, were searched without language restrictions through July 30, 2016. Observational studies that evaluated microbial profiles or entire microbiomes of peri-implantitis compared with healthy implants or periodontitis were considered eligible for inclusion. A descriptive summary was created to determine quantity of data and interstudy variations. RESULTS Of 126 potentially eligible articles, 26 were included in this study. Twenty-one of these articles evaluated the microbiologic profile of peri-implantitis versus healthy implants or periodontitis using conventional microbiologic techniques. Five articles evaluated the entire microbiome using genomic sequencing. Teeth with periodontitis, healthy implants, or implants with peri-implantitis were colonized by periodontal microorganisms. Porphyromonas gingivalis and especially Prevotella intermedius/nigrescens were often identified at peri-implantitis sites. Peri-implantitis sites were also colonized by uncultivable asaccharolytic anaerobic Gram-positive rods and anaerobic Gram-negative rods, which were not frequently identified in teeth with periodontitis or healthy implants. Opportunistic microorganisms were not found very frequently in peri-implantitis sites. CONCLUSIONS Peri-implantitis represents a heterogeneous mixed infection that includes periodontopathic microorganisms, uncultivable asaccharolytic anaerobic Gram-positive rods and other uncultivable Gram-negative rods, and, rarely, opportunistic microorganisms such as enteric rods and Staphylococcus aureus. Sequencing methods that evaluate the entire microbiome improve identification of microorganisms associated with peri-implantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Inés Lafaurie
- Unit of Basic Oral Investigation, School of Dentistry, El Bosque University, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - María Alejandra Sabogal
- Unit of Basic Oral Investigation, School of Dentistry, El Bosque University, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Diana Marcela Castillo
- Unit of Basic Oral Investigation, School of Dentistry, El Bosque University, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Luz Amparo Gómez
- Division of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, El Bosque University
| | | | - Leandro Chambrone
- Unit of Basic Oral Investigation, School of Dentistry, El Bosque University, Bogotá, Colombia
- MSc Dentistry Program, School of Dentistry, Ibirapuera University, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
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Ziebolz D, Schmalz G, Gollasch D, Eickholz P, Rinke S. Microbiological and aMMP-8 findings depending on peri-implant disease in patients undergoing supportive implant therapy. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2017; 88:47-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Zhu Y, Gu Y, Qiao S, Zhou L, Shi J, Lai H. Bacterial and mammalian cells adhesion to tantalum-decorated micro-/nano-structured titanium. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 105:871-878. [PMID: 27784134 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms are frequently introduced to dental implants during surgery and start the race for the surface with host cells before osseointegration occurs. The aim of the study was to endow implant surfaces with biological functions that reliably select cells over microbes. Nano-structured tantalum (Ta) has exhibited excellent compatibility. Thus, nano-structured Ta films were deposited on the sand-blasted, large grit, and acid-etched (SLA) titanium by the magnetron sputtering method, thus forming hierarchical micro-/nano-structured surfaces. No obvious Ta release confirmed the robustness of the deposited layer probably arising from the stable Ta2 O5 . Moreover, Ta-modified surfaces not only improved the initial adhesion and spreading of rat bone mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs), but also exhibited good antibacterial activities towards Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis. The satisfactory cell-surface interactions on Ta-modified surfaces depended largely on the up-regulation of adhesion-related genes and activation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), as confirmed by real-time PCR and Western blot. Here, the coculture model was also forwarded to mimic the perioperative bacterial contamination. We found that the adherent cell number and the cell-surface coverage were hampered by bacteria presence on both surfaces. Yet, rBMSCs still attached and spread more readily on Ta-modified surfaces than on SLA titanium surfaces even in coculture with adhering oral pathogens. Our results revealed that Ta-modified micro-/nano-structured surfaces would selectively promote cell-surface rather than bacteria-surface interactions, boding well for the applications for dental implants in possibly infected environments. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 871-878, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingxin Gu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shichong Qiao
- Department of Oral Implantology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Linyi Zhou
- Department of Oral Implantology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junyu Shi
- Department of Oral Implantology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongchang Lai
- Department of Oral Implantology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Pérez-Chaparro PJ, Duarte PM, Shibli JA, Montenegro S, Lacerda Heluy S, Figueiredo LC, Faveri M, Feres M. The Current Weight of Evidence of the Microbiologic Profile Associated With Peri-Implantitis: A Systematic Review. J Periodontol 2016; 87:1295-1304. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2016.160184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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