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Rinde ER, Anderzén-Carlsson A, Jahnsen RB, Andersen RD. "Pain is one piece of a complex jigsaw puzzle" - experiences of raising a child with cerebral palsy who has pain. Disabil Rehabil 2024; 46:4763-4771. [PMID: 38069685 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2023.2290199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
Purpose: To explore experiences of parenting a child with CP and pain.Method: Fourteen mothers and one father of children (9-16) with CP were included. All children had pain regularly, but the frequency and intensity of their pain experiences varied. Their motor function varied from GMFCS level I to V. Cognitive abilities varied from normal to moderate cognitive deficits. All children could express themselves verbally. Semi structured individual interviews were carried out, and results were developed using inductive thematic analysis.Results: The analysis resulted in the main theme "My child's pain is just one piece of a complex jigsaw puzzle". The main theme was developed by four mutually exclusive, but related themes: "My child's struggle burdens me", "Pain and CP direct our everyday life", "I want to be in control, but cannot always be" and "We are the only ones who understand the complexity".Conclusion: Parents of children with CP experience pain as one aspect of a bigger picture. They need help and support to cope with their child's pain, and professional helpers need to address the complexity pain is a part of.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONParents of children with cerebral palsy (CP) experience their child's pain as one piece in a jigsaw puzzle, and counseling needs to address the complexity rather than the separate parts of the picture.Health professionals should support parents in evaluation and management of their child's pain, as a feeling of competence in pain management is important to reduce parental stress.Health professionals should inform themselves about the life situation of parents whose child with CP has pain, and encourage them to seek practical support and apply for relevant support schemes that can make their everyday life easier.Parents of children with CP should be encouraged to take part in a diagnosis-specific support group, where they can meet with others in a similar situation, in order to reduce their feeling of being alone with their challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Rønning Rinde
- Division of Habilitation, Telemark Hospital Trust, Skien, Norway
- Research Center for Habilitation and Rehabilitation Services and Models (CHARM), Department of Public Health, Institute of Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Agneta Anderzén-Carlsson
- University Health Care Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
| | - Reidun Birgitta Jahnsen
- Research Center for Habilitation and Rehabilitation Services and Models (CHARM), Department of Public Health, Institute of Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- NorCP, Department of Clinical Neurosciences for Children, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Randi Dovland Andersen
- Research Center for Habilitation and Rehabilitation Services and Models (CHARM), Department of Public Health, Institute of Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Research, Telemark Hospital Trust, Skien, Norway
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Sarman A, Tuncay S, Budak Y, Demirpolat E, Bulut İ. Anxiety, depression, and support needs of the mothers of children with cerebral palsy and determining their opinions: Mixed methods study. J Pediatr Nurs 2024; 78:e133-e140. [PMID: 38997912 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2024.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to determine the level of anxiety, depression, support needs and opinions of mothers of children with cerebral palsy. DESIGN AND METHODS The study used a descriptive qualitative design. The population of the study consisted of children with cerebral palsy who were educated in special education centers in a province of Eastern Turkey. All participants who volunteered for the study were accepted and the study was completed with 126 mothers. RESULTS Caregiver mothers with male cerebral palsy patients had higher carer support needs and anxiety total mean scores. The mean scores of depression and anxiety of the mothers who were older were statistically higher. This study found that mothers of children with diseases other than cerebral palsy had statistically higher mean depression scores. The mothers of child with cerebral palsy who had a high gross motor classification score had higher mean carer support needs, depression, and anxiety total scores. CONCLUSIONS According to the study, depression and trait anxiety were linked to greater maternal support needs. Qualitative interviews revealed that mothers experienced issues such as stigmatization and withdrawal from social activities as a result of their children's illness. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS This study shows the relationship of need for support of mothers of children with cerebral palsy and mental problems such as depression and trait anxiety. Pediatric nurses should provide emotional support to mothers and guide them towards support groups and training programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Sarman
- Bingöl University, Faculty of Health Science, Department of Pediatric Nursing, Bingöl, Turkey.
| | - Suat Tuncay
- Bingöl University, Faculty of Health Science, Department of Pediatric Nursing, Bingöl, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Budak
- Bingöl University, Faculty of Health Science, Department of Pediatric Nursing, Bingöl, Turkey
| | - Eyyüp Demirpolat
- Bingöl University, Vocational School of Health Services, Physiotherapy Program, Bingöl, Turkey
| | - İrem Bulut
- Fırat University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Elazig, Turkey
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Dias BLS, de Rodrigues MCC, Duarte JLMB. Quality of life of families and siblings of children with cerebral palsy treated at a reference neurorehabilitation center in Brazil. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2024; 100:519-526. [PMID: 38663449 PMCID: PMC11361884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2024.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the associations between caregivers' burden, family quality of life (QoL), and siblings' QoL in Brazilian families of children with cerebral palsy, and to analyze siblings' QoL using as a parameter the QoL of typically developed Brazilian children. METHODS It was a cross-sectional study. The 212 families, 212 caregivers and 131 siblings completed the Family Quality of Life Scale, Burden Interview, and KIDSCREEN-27 Child and Adolescent Version and Parents Version questionnaires at a neurorehabilitation center in southeast Brazil. Univariable and multivariable models were used. RESULTS Family QoL significantly worsened as caregivers' burden increased (95 % CI -0.66 to -0.38). Caregivers' burden was significantly lower with increasing family QoL scores (95 % CI -0.52 to -0.30). Self-reported siblings' QoL was significantly worse than that of their typically developed peers (95 % CI -7.6 to -3.6). Self-reported siblings' QoL was significantly lower as siblings' age (95 % CI -2.52 to -0.59) and caregivers' burden (95 % CI -0.35 to -0.05) increased. Parent-reported siblings' QoL was significantly lower with increasing caregivers' burden (95 % CI -0.45 to -0.16) and higher as family QoL increased (95 % CI 0.09 to 0.37). CONCLUSIONS The cross-sectional nature of these data precludes any statement of causality. Family QoL worsened with higher caregivers' burden levels. Lower caregivers' burden scores were associated with a higher family QoL. Siblings' QoL was impaired as compared to typically developed peers, worse among older siblings, and as caregivers' burden increased and better with higher family QoL levels. Future multicenter studies may validate the generalizability of the present findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Leonardo Scofano Dias
- Rede SARAH de Hospitais de Reabilitação, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | | | - José Luiz Muniz Bandeira Duarte
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Departamento de Pediatria, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Pereira GDAC, Poleto ALO, Fontes-Pereira AJ, von Krüger MA, Pereira WCDA. Ultrasonic neuromodulation as a new therapy for spasticity in an animal model of spastic cerebral palsy. Acta Cir Bras 2024; 39:e394924. [PMID: 39166555 PMCID: PMC11328892 DOI: 10.1590/acb394924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate a new therapeutic option for the spasticity using ultrasound neuromodulation in an animal model of spastic cerebral palsy. METHODS Thirty-two adult male Wistar rats were randomly distributed in: negative control (NC); positive control (PC); untreated model (UTM); and treated model (TM). Rats in the control groups received sham surgery, and rats in the model groups received the spastic cerebral palsy model surgery. The rats' motor functions were evaluated by the Rotarod and CatWalk tests before and after surgery. PC and TM groups underwent ultrasonic neuromodulation by a physiotherapeutic ultrasound (intensity 0.1 W/cm2, at 1 MHz) continuous mode for 5 seconds, for seven days. RESULTS Twelve rats showed a spastic pattern (UTM = 6 and TM = 6), motor limitations (UTM = 6 and TM = 6), and ten had difficulty feeding (UTM = 5 and TM = 5). One UTM group rat could not recover its preoperative latency time, while the other rats in the model groups did. The speed at which the limbs swung reduced after surgery and increased in subsequent assessments, demonstrating greater instability and a deficit in locomotion balance. CONCLUSIONS Results were not yet sufficient to assert ultrasound neuromodulation as a possible therapy for spasticity in spastic cerebral palsy in the parameters used, and more studies are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aldo José Fontes-Pereira
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro – Biomedical Engineering Program – Rio de Janeiro (RJ) – Brazil
- Centro Universitário Serra dos Órgãos – Centro de Ciências da Saúde – Teresópolis (RJ) – Brazil
| | - Marco Antônio von Krüger
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro – Biomedical Engineering Program – Rio de Janeiro (RJ) – Brazil
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Arai Y, Kadekaru R, Okanishi T, Tamasaki A, Maegaki Y. Assessing the Subjective Happiness of Parents of Children With Severe Motor and Intellectual Disabilities Receiving Home Care. Cureus 2024; 16:e64562. [PMID: 39144842 PMCID: PMC11323715 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.64562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Home care for children with severe motor and intellectual disabilities (SMID) is challenging for parents because it is highly intensive and long-lasting. The pursuit of happiness is an essential goal for everyone. However, only a few studies have focused on the happiness of families with such children. OBJECTIVE The study aimed to examine the subjective happiness of parents of children with SMID receiving home care and identify the factors associated with their happiness. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional online questionnaire-based survey of 23 parents of children with SMID and nurses with children without disabilities as controls at Tottori University Hospital, Yonago, Japan from July 1 to August 31, 2023. We set the subjective happiness scale (SHS) scores as the outcomes. We used the Mann-Whitney U test to compare the SHS scores between the two groups. Moreover, we extracted the clinical and demographic factors affecting the SHS scores of parents of children with SMID using univariate linear regression analysis. RESULTS We obtained responses from 12 parents with SMID and 105 controls. The average SHS scores of parents with SMID and controls were 4.8 and 4.7, respectively, and both groups did not differ significantly. Univariate analysis showed that parental male sex and the presence of a tracheostomy were negatively associated with the SHS scores of parents. CONCLUSIONS The SHS scores did not differ significantly between parents with SMID and controls. However, more attention seemed necessary for fathers and parents of children who have undergone tracheostomies. Given the exploratory nature of this study and its small sample size, larger-scale investigations are warranted. Additionally, qualitative research conducted after establishing trustful relationships could provide further insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Arai
- Child Neurology, Tottori University Hospital, Yonago, JPN
| | - Ryuki Kadekaru
- Psychology, Advanced Medicine, Innovation and Clinical Research Center, Tottori University Hospital, Yonago, JPN
| | - Tohru Okanishi
- Child Neurology, Tottori University Hospital, Yonago, JPN
| | | | - Yoshihiro Maegaki
- Child Neurology, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori, JPN
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Poojari DP, Umakanth S, Maiya GA, Rao BK, Khurana S, Kumaran D S, Attal R, Brien M. Effect of family-centered care interventions on well-being of caregivers of children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review. F1000Res 2024; 12:790. [PMID: 38911944 PMCID: PMC11193087 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.133314.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Caring for a child with long-term functional limitations can have a negative impact on the physical and psychological well-being of the caregiver. Family-centered care (FCC) interventions have the potential to empower caregivers and contribute to their well-being. This systematic review aimed to synthesize existing evidence on the effectiveness of FCC interventions in improving the well-being of caregivers of children with cerebral palsy (CP), and identify the key components of such interventions that are most commonly practiced and deemed effective. Methods This review systematically searched seven databases for randomized controlled trials that evaluated the effectiveness of any FCC intervention on the well-being of caregivers of children with or at risk of CP. We used the Cochrane RoB 2.0 tool to assess risk of bias and Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist for critical appraisal. Due to high heterogeneity of studies, narrative synthesis was used to summarize the data. Results The review consists of 11 studies which were categorized into five sections based on the components of FCC intervention provided in each individual study: 1. Information provision, and Enabling and partnership (n= 5); 2. Information provision, and Respectful and supportive care (n= 1); 3. Enabling and partnership (n= 2); 4. Enabling and partnership, and Respectful and supportive care (n= 2); 5. Information provision, Enabling and partnership and Respectful and supportive care (n= 1). Risk of bias was low in four studies, unclear in two studies, and high in five studies. Conclusion FCC interventions were found to be effective in improving caregivers' satisfaction with attainment of child and caregiver goals. Evidence from multiple studies does not strongly support the effectiveness of FCC interventions on caregiver's mental health, parenting and personal outcomes. Limited evidence precludes a conclusion on the effectiveness of the components of FCC on well-being of caregivers of children with CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepalaxmi Paresh Poojari
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Shashikiran Umakanth
- Department of Medicine, Dr TMA Pai Hospital, Udupi, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576101, India
| | - G. Arun Maiya
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Bhamini Krishna Rao
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Sonia Khurana
- Department of Physical therapy, College of Health Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Senthil Kumaran D
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Radhika Attal
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Marie Brien
- Enabling Inclusion Program, Amar Seva Sangam, Ayikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
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Nizamis K, Kalliakmanis V, Koutsoupias N, Polychronopoulou S, Baka M, Papakonstantinou E, Hatzipantelis E. The inter-familiar issues of Greek parents facing childhood cancer. Eur J Pediatr 2024; 183:229-234. [PMID: 37864599 PMCID: PMC10858066 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-05266-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Cancer as a whole, but especially childhood cancer, creates a number of psychological, social, and family problems as well as practical and financial issues, which every parent is called upon to solve. This study focuses on childhood cancer and aims at a thorough analysis of the physical/organic, psychological, and social problems associated with the parents and relatives of a child with cancer. The special element in pediatric neoplasms is not only the vulnerable population target group, but also the set of secondary effects it has on the environment of the sick child. The research was conducted on a sample of 133 families of children with cancer, and the results were displayed after statistical processing and data analysis with R statistical software. The results of the study confirm with statistically significant data the effect of childhood cancer on the physical, mental, and social health and behavior of the parent. Thus, 53.8% of the respondents stated 5 and above on the 7-point Likert scale for fatigue issues, 55.6% for sleep disorders, 78.1% for stress, and 82.7% for fear. The key findings are characterized by high specificity as it is a unique study that reveals particular aspects of the Greek parent's behavior, mind, and body during the period of their child's illness. Conclusion: The effects of childhood illnesses, particularly when they are severe, such as neoplasms, present a looming threat, ushering in a multitude of adverse alterations in the daily lives of the affected child's family. What is Known - What is New: • We know the effects that a childhood illness brings not only to the sick child, but also to the entire family circle. The new element in the present research is that these data reflect the situation in Greece, for which the research data in this area is quite limited. Our research is one of the few studies that demonstrate with statistical data the change in the psychosomatic health of the parent who has a child with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kleanthis Nizamis
- School of Theology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | | | - Nikos Koutsoupias
- Department of International and European Studies, University of Macedonia, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Sophia Polychronopoulou
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Margarita Baka
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, General Children's Hospital of Athens Panagiotis & Aglaia Kyriakou, Athens, Greece
| | - Evgenia Papakonstantinou
- Pediatric Oncology Department, Hippokration General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Hatzipantelis
- Children's & Adolescent's Hematology-Oncology Unit of 2nd Paediatric Clinic, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Chu SY, Rafi ABM, Lee J, Fierro V, Gan CH, Joginder Singh S, Hersh D, Lin LY. The relationship between affiliate stigma, stress, and quality of life for parents of individuals with cerebral palsy in Malaysia. Disabil Rehabil 2023; 45:4035-4047. [PMID: 36541160 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2022.2153304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship between affiliate stigma, stress, and perceived quality of life among parents of children with cerebral palsy (CP). METHOD Surveys (Study 1) and semi-structured interviews (Study 2) were used to collect data. Thirty-eight respondents completed the Affiliate Stigma Scale (ASS), Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI), and Care-related Quality of Life (CarerQol) scales (GMFCS). Eleven respondents took part in semi-structured interviews, which were then thematically evaluated. RESULTS Parents did not feel stigmatized because they had a child with CP. However, parents needed some form of short-term relief from caregiving. After controlling for demographics, high stress respondents experienced high affiliate stigma whereas low stress respondents had better quality of life. Although the respondents with less stigma had a better quality of life, this effect was moderate. Three major themes emerged from the interviews. CONCLUSION Counseling, support groups, and helper services should be offered to parents. Also, healthcare professionals participating in CP rehabilitation, community-based rehabilitation, and health institutions should be educated on how to better help parents of children with CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Ying Chu
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Health Sciences, Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-CARE), Speech Sciences Programme Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Adlina Binti Mohamed Rafi
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Health Sciences, Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-CARE), Speech Sciences Programme Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jaehoon Lee
- Department of Educational Psychology, Leadership, and Counseling, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Veronica Fierro
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology, Delaware Valley University, Doylestown, PA, USA
| | - Chun Hong Gan
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Health Sciences, Centre for Rehabilitation and Special Needs Studies (iCaRehab), Programme of Clinical Psychology and Behavioural Health, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Susheel Joginder Singh
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Health Sciences, Centre for Rehabilitation and Special Needs Studies (iCaRehab), Speech Sciences Programme, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Deborah Hersh
- Speech Pathology, Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Ling-Yi Lin
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Park EY. Psychometric properties of the caregiving difficulty scale in mothers of children with cerebral palsy. BMC Neurol 2023; 23:237. [PMID: 37340392 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-023-03264-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Caregiving Difficulty Scale is used to measure the burden of caregiving experienced by mothers of children with cerebral palsy. This study aimed to identify the psychometric properties of the Caregiving Difficulty Scale using the Rasch model. METHODS Data collected from 206 mothers of children with cerebral palsy were analyzed. Unidimensionality, difficulty of item, rating scale appropriateness, and reliability using the separation index of the Caregiving Difficulty Scale were verified. Unidimensionality of all 25 items was identified through the item fit. RESULTS Our analysis of item difficulty indicated that person ability and item difficulty are expressed as a similar logit extend. The use of the 5-point rating scale appeared to be appropriate. Outcome analysis revealed that the reliability was high based on the person and that the item separation level was acceptable. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that the Caregiving Difficulty Scale could be a valuable tool for evaluating the caregiving burden in mothers of children with cerebral palsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Young Park
- Department of Secondary Special Education, Jeonju University, Jeonju, 55069, South Korea.
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Lennon N, Sewell-Roberts C, Banjo T, Kraft DB, Salazar-Torres JJ, Church C, Shrader MW. Preoperative Biopsychosocial Assessment and Length of Stay in Orthopaedic Surgery Admissions of Youth with Cerebral Palsy. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:bs13050383. [PMID: 37232620 DOI: 10.3390/bs13050383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Caregivers of children with cerebral palsy (CP) experience stress surrounding orthopaedic surgery related to their child's pain and recovery needs. Social determinants of health can affect the severity of this stress and hinder health care delivery. A preoperative biopsychosocial assessment (BPSA) can identify risk factors and assist in alleviating psychosocial risk. This study examined the relationship between the completion of a BPSA, hospital length of stay (LOS), and 30-day readmission rates for children with CP who underwent hip reconstruction (HR) or posterior spinal fusion (PSF). Outcomes were compared with a matched group who did not have a preoperative BPSA. The BPSA involved meeting with a social worker to discuss support systems, financial needs, transportation, equipment, housing, and other services. A total of 92 children (28 HR pairs, 18 PSF pairs) were identified. Wilcoxon analysis was statistically significant (p = 0.000228) for shorter LOS in children who underwent PSF with preoperative BPSA (median = 7.0 days) vs. without (median = 12.5 days). Multivariate analysis showed that a BPSA, a lower Gross Motor Function Classification System level, and fewer comorbidities were associated with a shorter LOS after both PSF and HR (p < 0.05). Identifying and addressing the psychosocial needs of patients and caregivers prior to surgery can lead to more timely discharge postoperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Lennon
- Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, NC 19803, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Chris Church
- Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, NC 19803, USA
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Demeke ZD, Assefa YA, Abich Y, Chala MB. Home-based therapy and its determinants for children with cerebral palsy, exploration of parents' and physiotherapists' perspective, a qualitative study, Ethiopia. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282328. [PMID: 36848380 PMCID: PMC9970053 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the perceptions of parents and physiotherapists regarding home-based therapy programs for children with cerebral palsy and to understand the factors affecting adherence to home-based therapy programs. MATERIALS AND METHOD Thematic analysis method was used to identify, analyse and report findings. Twelve physiotherapists and five caregivers were purposively sampled and interviewed. RESULTS All transcripts were coded line by line, and the codes were then organized into categories for the development of descriptive themes and the generation of analytical themes. The data analysis followed the steps of the thematic analysis process. Seven themes emerged during the analysis: Why Home-Based Therapy? Ways of Teaching, Types of the therapy, Strategies of assessing adherence, Environmental factors, Attitude and knowledge; and Family participation. Physiotherapists use home-based therapy to prevent complications and improve functioning. They use various ways of teaching, such as explaining, demonstrating, and using pictures and videos. Physiotherapists consider several factors such as severity, age, and availability of resources before they decide the type of home therapy programs. However, parent's participation was low; and strategies to monitor and evaluate adherence were also low. Low family support, limited recourse, lack of knowledge and poor attitude negatively affected adherence to home-based therapy. CONCLUSIONS Our finding revealed that physiotherapists use quite limited methods of teaching, and do not properly monitor adherence of the home-based therapy. Additionally, family participation to select type of therapy and to set goal were low.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yohannes Awoke Assefa
- Occupational Therapy department, School of Medicine, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Yohannes Abich
- Physiotherapy Department, School of Medicine, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Mulgeta Bayisa Chala
- Postdoctoral (OHT Impact) Fellow, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Morgan C, Badawi N, Novak I. "A Different Ride": A Qualitative Interview Study of Parents' Experience with Early Diagnosis and Goals, Activity, Motor Enrichment (GAME) Intervention for Infants with Cerebral Palsy. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12020583. [PMID: 36675512 PMCID: PMC9866599 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12020583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral palsy is the most common physical disability of childhood, and early diagnosis followed by best practice early intervention is important for optimizing child and family outcomes. We investigated parents' views of an early diagnosis of cerebral palsy (CP), followed by Goals, Activity, Motor Enrichment (GAME) intervention. Semi-structured interviews were conducted within a pilot randomised clinical trial. Transcriptions were analyzed using grounded theory. Participants were nine mothers whose infants had received GAME intervention because they were identified as being at high risk for cerebral palsy early in infancy. The parenting experience was described as a "different ride". The diagnosis was devastating with many time-consuming challenges, but acceptance ensued. Parents wanted an early diagnosis, prognosis, and early intervention, despite the anxiety and workload, because it meant they could help. Parents perceived that GAME was beneficial because they were taught how to help; it was goal-based and home-based. They believed the collaboration and communication skills of the therapist shaped success. Future research should focus on a broader range of participants to understand parent's experiences with key aspects of early intervention more fully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Morgan
- Cerebral Palsy Alliance Research Institute, Specialty of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.:+61-408-205-542
| | - Nadia Badawi
- Cerebral Palsy Alliance Research Institute, Specialty of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Grace Centre for Newborn Care, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Iona Novak
- Cerebral Palsy Alliance Research Institute, Specialty of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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Salehnezhad A, Zendetalab H, Naser S, Voshni HB, Abrishami M, Astaneh MA, Sani BT, Moghadam ZE. The effect of education based on the health belief model in improving anxiety among mothers of infants with retinopathy of prematurity. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2022; 11:424. [PMID: 36824080 PMCID: PMC9942153 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_32_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the role of education in improving anxiety and essential skills of mothers for caring for their infants, this study aimed to investigate the effect of education based on the health belief model (HBM) on anxiety among mothers of infants with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). MATERIALS AND METHODS This randomized controlled clinical trial was performed on 67 mothers with premature infants admitted to the ROP unit of Khatam Al Anbia Eye Hospital in Mashhad, Iran from 2019 to 2020. Participants were randomly allocated to intervention and control groups. Intervention was designed based on HBM during six sessions, each of 45-60 minutes duration. The control group received routine educations according to the hospital policies. The maternal anxiety, adherence with follow-up examinations and the rate of neonatal retinal vascularization were evaluated using an HBM- based questionnaire and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory questionnaire and checklists, respectively. Data was analyzed by using SPSS software, version 16, using Chi-squared test, Fisher's exact test, independent t test, and Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS Based on our findings, no significant difference was observed between the two groups before the intervention regarding the mean score of maternal anxiety (P = 0.141). However, after intervention, the mean score of maternal anxiety decreased significantly from 67.0 ± 6.3 to 38.5 ± 6.6 in the intervention group and increased from 69.8 ± 3.1 to 68.3 ± 3.4 in the control group (P < 0.001). In the intervention group, the mean scores of model constructs (perceived susceptibility and severity, perceived benefits, barriers, self-efficacy and cue to action) increased significantly after intervention (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Education based on HBM appear to be an efficient method to improve maternal anxiety among mothers of infants with retinopathy of prematurity. Accordingly, nurses and treatment staff can provide interventions in the NICU based on the HBM to the parents of hospitalized and premature infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Salehnezhad
- Department of Community Health and Psychiatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Zendetalab
- Department of Community Health and Psychiatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shoeibi Naser
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Eye Research Center, Khatam Al Anbiya Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Behnam Voshni
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Abrishami
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Eye Research Center, Khatam Al Anbiya Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohmmadreza Ansari Astaneh
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Eye Research Center, Khatam Al Anbiya Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Belin Tavakkoli Sani
- Department of Health Promotion, and Education, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Emami Moghadam
- Department of Community Health and Psychiatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Noritz G, Davidson L, Steingass K. Providing a Primary Care Medical Home for Children and Youth With Cerebral Palsy. Pediatrics 2022; 150:e2022060055. [PMID: 36404756 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2022-060055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common motor disorder of childhood, with prevalence estimates ranging from 1.5 to 4 in 1000 live births. This clinical report seeks to provide primary care physicians with guidance to detect children with CP; collaborate with specialists in treating the patient; manage associated medical, developmental, and behavioral problems; and provide general medical care to their patients with CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garey Noritz
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; and
| | - Lynn Davidson
- The Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Katherine Steingass
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; and
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Barak S, Elad D, Gutman D, Silberg T. Using a biopsychosocial approach to examine parental sense of burden and competency associated with raising a child with a physical disability. Child Care Health Dev 2022; 49:518-528. [PMID: 36207992 DOI: 10.1111/cch.13066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parents report both positive and negative experiences associated with raising a child with a physical disability. However, distinctive factors may affect children and families differently. AIMS Using a biopsychosocial approach, the current study expands on the existing literature on the general impact of raising a child with a disability. METHODS Participants were 98 parents of children/youth with a physical disability. Parents reported on child's level of physical disability, the impact of the disability on the family (financial, social, personal strain and mastery) and their general health. Data were analysed to examine how different biopsychosocial factors are associated with raising a child with a physical disability. RESULTS Parents reported that child's disability had a higher social impact, compared with the financial and personal burden, as well as compared with their sense of competency and mastery. Child's level of disability was associated with financial burden, whereas parental emotional distress was associated with parents' personal and social burden, with the latter also associated with parent's religiosity. Total impact was associated with parental emotional distress and educational level. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, parental characteristics, but not child's characteristics, were associated with greater caregiver burden. Furthermore, the social impact a child's physical disability has on the family exceeded other sources of burden within the family. Providing parents social and emotional support, tailored to their unique biopsychosocial needs, may mitigate burden and distress, and increase sense of competency among families of children with a physical disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Barak
- School of Health Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.,Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Dina Elad
- Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Dafna Gutman
- Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Tamar Silberg
- Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
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Prest KR, Borek AJ, Boylan AMR. Play-based groups for children with cerebral palsy and their parents: A qualitative interview study about the impact on mothers' well-being. Child Care Health Dev 2022; 48:578-587. [PMID: 35023213 PMCID: PMC9303626 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common childhood physical disability in developed countries. Parents of children with CP experience difficulties that can result in reduced well-being. Health professionals supporting children with CP have been encouraged to focus on parental well-being as this forms part of the child's essential environment. There is a lack of evidence about interventions that holistically support the whole family by providing therapeutic input for the child and support for parents. This study aimed to explore parents' experiences of play-based groups for children with CP and their parents, with a focus on the groups' impact on parents' well-being. METHODS Parents of children with CP who had attended play-based groups in the year prior were recruited for this qualitative study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Participants' demographic characteristics were collected as contextual information. Data were analysed using an inductive thematic approach. RESULTS Ten mothers were interviewed. Overall, mothers had positive experiences of the groups and perceived them as an important influence on their well-being. Four themes described mothers' experiences of the groups and the subsequent impact on their well-being: (1) practical support, (2) connecting with others, (3) transitioning journeys and (4) different motivators, different experiences. Numerous factors influenced mothers' experiences of attending the groups and the subsequent impact on their well-being. This included mothers' individual experiences of having a child with CP. CONCLUSIONS Interventions combining practical and social support for the whole family can have a positive impact on the well-being of mothers of children with CP. Care should be taken to provide individualised support for each family. There is no 'one-size-fits-all' approach, and a package of care can provide multiple services that meet the varying needs of mothers and their children with CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten R Prest
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Aleksandra J Borek
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Anne-Marie R Boylan
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Castellani J, Kimbute O, Makasi C, Mrango ZE, Paulus ATG, Evers SMAA, Hardy P, Sumner T, Keiya A, Mihaylova B, Faiz MA, Gomes M. Daily Life and Challenges Faced By Households With Permanent Childhood Developmental Disability in Rural Tanzania - A Qualitative Study. JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL AND PHYSICAL DISABILITIES 2022; 34:471-490. [PMID: 35601231 PMCID: PMC7612743 DOI: 10.1007/s10882-021-09809-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Severe developmental disability in children affects the life of the child and entire household. We conducted a qualitative study to understand how caregivers manage severe developmental disabilities in children in rural Africa. Families and six children (out of 15 children) who had serious permanent sequelae from a cerebral infection in Handeni, Tanzania, were contacted and invited to a workshop to recount their experience living with severe developmental disabilities. After consent, individual interviews were conducted first through recording of individual digital stories and then through individual semi-structured interviews. Pre-determined key categories were used to analyse the data. Our results showed that developmental disabilities required constant care and reduced the autonomy of the children. Schooling had not been attempted or was halted because of learning problems or inability to meet specialized school costs. Parents were under constant physical, emotional and financial stress. Their occupational earnings decreased. Some families sold their assets to survive. Others began to rely on relatives. Understanding the consequences of developmental disability helps to identify where social support should be focused and improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joёlle Castellani
- Department of Health Services Research, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Omari Kimbute
- Kilosa Station, National Institute for Medical Research, Kilosa, Tanzania
| | - Charles Makasi
- Kilosa Station, National Institute for Medical Research, Kilosa, Tanzania
| | - Zakayo E. Mrango
- Kilosa Station, National Institute for Medical Research, Kilosa, Tanzania
| | - Aggie T. G. Paulus
- Department of Health Services Research, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Silvia M. A. A. Evers
- Department of Health Services Research, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Pip Hardy
- Patient Voices Programme, Pilgrim Projects Limited, Landbeach, UK
| | - Tony Sumner
- Patient Voices Programme, Pilgrim Projects Limited, Landbeach, UK
| | | | - Borislava Mihaylova
- Health Economics Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Mohammad Abul Faiz
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Melba Gomes
- UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research & Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR), World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
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Atar E, Dilekçi E, Özsoy Ünübol T, Gündüz N, Atar M, Aşkın A. Caregiver burden in cerebral palsy: Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of caregiver difficulties scale. Child Care Health Dev 2022; 48:465-473. [PMID: 34904251 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to translate the caregiver difficulties scale (CDS) into Turkish language and to reveal its reliability and validity in Turkish informal family caregivers of children with cerebral palsy (CP). METHODS This study included 130 participants (39.9 ± 7.8 years; range 24-58 years; 106 females and 24 males). Demographic properties of participants, relationship with the care recipient, income, caregiving time, CP type and diseases of the child (e.g., epilepsy, hydrocephalus and congenital heart disease) and the caregiver were recorded. The CDS, caregiver well-being scale (CWBS), World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) and Beck depression inventory (BDI) were used for data collection. The internal consistency of the CDS was assessed using the calculation of Cronbach's alpha coefficient. A test-retest interval of 2 weeks was used to assess the reliability. The intercorrelation of variables was evaluated using the Spearman correlation coefficient. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to find the predictive power of CDS scores for depression. RESULTS A total of 130 family caregivers of children with CP completed the test/retest procedures. The Cronbach alpha coefficients were found as 0.878 for the test and 0.852 for the retest. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) value was found between 0.83 and 0.90 for test-retest reliability of the CDS. In addition, the CDS showed a significantly strong correlation with CWBS-activities of living subscale and WHOQOL-BREF psychological, physical and environment domains, as well as a significantly moderate correlation with CWBS basic needs subscale, BDI and WHOQOL-BREF general health and social domains. CDS scores that are >46 resulted in a sensitivity of 81.48% and a specificity of 73.79% for moderate-severe depression. CONCLUSION The Turkish version of the CDS is a valid and reliable measure for caregiver burden of family caregivers of children with CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emel Atar
- Sultan Abdülhamid Han Training and Research Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Health Science, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erdal Dilekçi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medicana Çamlıca Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tuğba Özsoy Ünübol
- Sultan Abdülhamid Han Training and Research Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Health Science, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nermin Gündüz
- Department of Psychiatry, Üsküdar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Atar
- Sultan Abdülhamid Han Training and Research Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Health Science, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayhan Aşkın
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
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Smith M, Blamires J. Mothers' experience of having a child with cerebral palsy. A systematic review. J Pediatr Nurs 2022; 64:64-73. [PMID: 35158294 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2022.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM To explore, synthesise and present findings of qualitative studies describing the experiences of mothers raising a child with cerebral palsy. DESIGN A systematic literature review of the qualitative evidence. METHODS A systematic search for qualitative studies published in the following databases: CINAHL (EBSCO), Medline via OVID, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar. The authors independently assessed eligibility, appraised methodological quality using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program tool for qualitative Research (CASP). An inductive thematic analysis method was adopted to synthesise major findings and to construct core concepts and themes. RESULTS Five overarching themes reflecting the experiences and perceptions of mothers raising and caring for a child with cerebral palsy are developed: 1) adapting and making sacrifices; 2) guilt and cultural blame; 3) social stigma and marginalisation; 4) physical, environmental, and financial challenges and 5) healthcare experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meg Smith
- Auckland University of Technology, 90 Akoranga Drive, Northcote, Auckland, NZ 0627, New Zealand.
| | - Julie Blamires
- Lecturer School of Clinical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, 90 Akoranga Drive, Northcote, Auckland, NZ 0627, New Zealand.
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Cook JE, Tovin MM, Kenyon LK. Understanding the Lived Experience of Caring for a Child With Severe Cerebral Palsy: A Critical Step Toward Psychologically Informed Family-Centered Care. Phys Ther 2022; 102:6481183. [PMID: 34972870 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzab294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to explore the lived experience of parents who care for children with cerebral palsy who function at a Gross Motor Function Classification System Level V, their beliefs about pain and non-pain-related emotional distress, and what it means to provide care and comfort. METHODS A phenomenological research design was used. Eleven participants were involved in this study. Pilot interviews informed the interview guide. Data were collected via participant journals and semi-structured interviews and analyzed using van Manen's framework for understanding experience. Trustworthiness criteria were met through a variety of strategies to ensure a rigorous research process. RESULTS Four themes were revealed in this study: "life is hard, heavy with burden, worry, and love," "remarkable," "identity transformation and empowerment," and "living a life that is planned, forced with structure and without spontaneity." CONCLUSION Caring for a child with lifelong needs is complex and requires a sensitive awareness of the contextual factors that impact daily decisions and routines. Understanding the lived experiences of parents who care for children with cerebral palsy Gross Motor Function Classification System Level V is necessary to provide psychologically informed, family-centered care. Comfort theory is presented as a framework for understanding what factors influence comfort and well-being. Understanding the complex nature of comfort for an individual can lead to greater understanding and empathy-driven care. These results will provide a foundation for future studies that aim to enhance pediatric physical therapist care through provider empathy and understanding. IMPACT Caregiving parent experiences are impactful and play a large role in the life of children with developmental disabilities. Research exploring the lived experience of caregivers may enhance empathy-driven, psychologically informed, family-centered physical therapist care throughout the life course. LAY SUMMARY If you are a parent who cares for a child with severe cerebral palsy, you have unique experiences that impact day-to-day activities and lifelong planning for your family and child.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason E Cook
- Department of Physical Therapy, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Melissa M Tovin
- Department of Physical Therapy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA
| | - Lisa K Kenyon
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Grand Valley State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
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Kozakaitė J, Jakulis M, Brindzaitė R, Miliauskienė Ž, Piombino-Mascali D, Jankauskas R. A possible case of paralysis in early modern Vilnius and the implications for social care. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PALEOPATHOLOGY 2022; 36:14-23. [PMID: 34839076 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2021.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To present a case of possible paralysis from early modern Vilnius and to discuss the potential level of care that was provided in the society of that time. MATERIALS A partially disturbed skeleton of a young female from a 16th-17th century Orthodox Christian cemetery. METHODS Macroscopic, osteometric and X-ray examinations coupled with a literature review aimed at providing a differential diagnosis. RESULTS The skeletal remains showed signs of disuse atrophy most probably due to a neurological disorder acquired in the woman's late teens. Differentials suggest that the observed limb atrophy was most likely a consequence of poliomyelitis. CONCLUSIONS The case of a young female with paralysis presented in this paper could serve as an example of care provided by her household. SIGNIFICANCE This study substantially contributes to further understanding of the nature and quality of care provided to disabled individuals in their households even in the absence of written sources. LIMITATIONS There is a degree of diagnostic ambiguity due to the application of routine clinical criteria to paleopathological cases. SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH The article makes several recommendations for future research, e.g., systematic investigation of possible cases of bone atrophy in a broader sociocultural context, as well as searching for evidence of gastrointestinal infections, especially poliomyelitis, supplemented by the application of biomolecular technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justina Kozakaitė
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Anthropology, Vilnius University, M.K. Čiurlionio 21, Vilnius, 03101, Lithuania.
| | - Martynas Jakulis
- Department of Ancient and Medieval History, Vilnius University, Universiteto 7, Vilnius, 01122, Lithuania.
| | - Rūta Brindzaitė
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Anthropology, Vilnius University, M.K. Čiurlionio 21, Vilnius, 03101, Lithuania.
| | - Žydrūnė Miliauskienė
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Anthropology, Vilnius University, M.K. Čiurlionio 21, Vilnius, 03101, Lithuania.
| | - Dario Piombino-Mascali
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Anthropology, Vilnius University, M.K. Čiurlionio 21, Vilnius, 03101, Lithuania.
| | - Rimantas Jankauskas
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Anthropology, Vilnius University, M.K. Čiurlionio 21, Vilnius, 03101, Lithuania.
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Impact of an intensive multimodal educative program on behavioral disorders of multihandicapped patients: A randomized controlled trial. Arch Pediatr 2022; 29:292-299. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2022.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Investigation on Quality of Life and Economic Burden of Children with Cerebral Palsy in Changzhou. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2022; 2022:1519689. [PMID: 35028115 PMCID: PMC8752206 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1519689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Based on the data of children with cerebral palsy (CP) in Changzhou obtained by the Disabled Persons' Federation, this study sampled some children with CP and investigated their survival status, treatment cost, and family burden so as to provide scientific decision-making basis and policy suggestions for coping with disease hazards and improving children's quality of life. In this study, a simple random sampling method was used to conduct household surveys of the selected children with CP. The economic burden of CP is measured by direct and indirect methods, and the quality of life of patients of children with CP and their families is analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by the EuroQol Five Dimensions (EQ-5D) Questionnaire. The average family economic burden of each case of CP in Changzhou was about 4,188,500 yuan, of which the direct medical burden was 205,800 yuan and the indirect economic burden was 3,982,700 yuan. The socioeconomic burden of CP in Changzhou is as high as about 2.244 billion yuan. From the EQ-5D measurement results of 55 children with CP, the average index score was 0.423, which was lower than the national general population level. The proportions of patients with CP who have problems in the five aspects of action, self-care, daily activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression are 72.73%, 81.82%, 81.82%, 83.64%, and 92.73%, respectively, which are significantly higher than those of the national general population. The average score of the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) is 58.09, which is significantly lower than the national general population level. The only major factor affecting the quality of life of patients with CP and their families is the health status represented by the EQ-5D score. To liberate and develop the labor ability of patients and their direct caregivers through clinical treatment, rehabilitation, and special education is the most effective way to reduce the socioeconomic burden of CP. Relevant government departments should perform their duties, integrate social assistance resources, implement early intervention, and launch targeted support and assistance policy.
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Balıkcı A. Exploring Effects of the HEP (Homeostasis-Enrichment-Plasticity) Approach as a Comprehensive Therapy Intervention for an Infant with Cerebral Palsy: A Case Report. JOURNAL OF CHILD SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1757913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
AbstractCerebral palsy (CP) is a common non-progressive neurodevelopmental disorder which causes developmental disabilities in children. Varied interventions for CP exist to address medical and physical needs but with limited effectiveness evidence. Environmental enrichment (EE) is an animal model intervention for many neurodevelopmental disorders, including CP, with considerable positive effects. This case report defines the Homeostasis-Enrichment-Plasticity (HEP) approach, which is based upon principles of EE and ecological theories of development and describes its use to promote the developmental and functional skills of an infant with CP. Parent interviews and assessment data were completed before and after intervention. For the interested parameters data was gathered by developmental history, systematic observation of behaviors in the clinical setting and at home, Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Infant-Toddler Symptom Checklist, the Sensory Profile Infant/Toddler, Peabody Developmental Motor Scales-2, Gross Motor Function Measurement-88 (GMFM-88), the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), and Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI). The HEP approach intervention was implemented one time per week for 12 months. Following the HEP approach intervention, self-regulation and sensory processing scores improved. GMFM-88 total score improved from 45/264 to 123/264. The Peabody found all gross motor (54–110), fine motor (65–117), and total motor quotient (119–227) scores improved after intervention. Post-intervention observations showed obvious gross motor progress with movement from GMFCS Level IV to Level I. Performance on the Functional Skills Scales and Caregiver Assistance Scales of PEDI also demonstrated notable improvements. BAI scores revealed low anxiety scores for both the mother (13/63 points) and father (14/63) before intervention. These scores did not change after intervention. A definition and detailed description of the HEP approach intervention is presented here for the first time. The case report demonstrated preliminary evidence for the effectiveness of the HEP approach on self-regulation, sensory processing, motor development, functional skills, and caregiver assistance with an infant with CP. Additional studies are needed to validate the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aymen Balıkcı
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Fenerbahçe University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Imagawa K, Fukahori S, Hashizume N, Saikusa N, Higashidate N, Ishii S, Masui D, Sakamoto S, Tsuruhisa S, Nakahara H, Tanaka Y, Yagi M, Yamashita Y. Quality of life of caregivers supporting neurologically impaired patients who underwent surgery. Pediatr Int 2022; 64:e15138. [PMID: 35972060 DOI: 10.1111/ped.15138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A questionnaire survey was conducted to clarify whether surgical treatments performed by a pediatric surgeon improve the quality of life (QOL) of caregivers (medical doctors, nurses, physical therapists, and nursery teachers) supporting neurologically impaired (NI) patients who work at specialized institutions. METHODS The questionnaire survey was conducted with caregivers who cared for NI patients who underwent an operation at the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University Hospital. Quality-of-life related responses concerning the change of care after surgical procedures in NI patients were collected in addition to the background data related to caregivers and the surgical procedures performed for them. Degrees of difficulty in caring for NI patients and of the caregivers' own QOL postoperatively were also compared. RESULTS There were 192 valid responses. The majority of responses were from females and nurses aged in their 40s and 50s. The surgical procedure performed most often in the NI patients was gastrostomy. Of the respondents, 77% answered that the postoperative care became easier. The degrees of difficulty in caring for NI patients and the caregivers' own QOL were significantly higher and lower, respectively, among physical therapists compared with caregivers in other occupations. Moreover, the QOL in respondents with factors related to a longstanding relationship with NI patients was significantly higher compared with the respondents without them. CONCLUSION This survey indicated that surgical procedures for NI patients might contribute to improved QOL for the caregiver by reducing the difficulty of caring for NI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Imagawa
- Departments of Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Suguru Fukahori
- Departments of Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Naoki Hashizume
- Departments of Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Saikusa
- Departments of Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Naruki Higashidate
- Departments of Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Shinji Ishii
- Departments of Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Daisuke Masui
- Departments of Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Saki Sakamoto
- Departments of Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Shiori Tsuruhisa
- Departments of Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Hirotomo Nakahara
- Departments of Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Tanaka
- Departments of Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.,Department of Division of Medical Safety Management, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Minoru Yagi
- Departments of Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yushiro Yamashita
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
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Fathers in the Care of Children with Disabilities: An Exploratory Qualitative Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 10:healthcare10010014. [PMID: 35052178 PMCID: PMC8775232 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: to explore the perception and experience of fathers of children with disabilities in caring for their children; to know their role and how these tasks impact their daily life, health and physical, mental and/or emotional well-being. Methodology: qualitative approach study with phenomenological design. The sample consisted of seven young fathers of underage children with various diagnoses. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews; the discourse analysis was carried out through open and axial coding processes. Three themes emerged from the results of the analysis: (1) shared responsibilities, (2) somewhat difficult to fit in, and (3) either you join or you split. Results: Fathers must readjust their work schedule, reduce their working hours, or give up their job altogether to take care of their children, as well as give up their social life. They lack time to enjoy their leisure time, to spend time with their partner, to take care of themselves. This involvement in caregiving generates an important occupational imbalance that has repercussions above all on their mental health. Conclusions: The sharing of caregiving tasks also impacts significantly on parents’ lives, it also takes away time and opportunities, and sometimes health and quality of life.
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Xia C, Zheng H, Zhang S, Tang L, Jing Q, Chen G, Sun M, Lu J. Modifiable personal and environmental factors associated with anxiety in family caregivers of children with disabilities: A comparison between parents and grandparents. J Affect Disord 2021; 295:604-611. [PMID: 34509076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.08.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caregivers of children with disabilities might face high risk of anxiety, but the specific influencing factors may be different between parents and grandparents. This study is to explore the influencing modifiable factors from personal and environmental dimensions, so as to provide practical reference for effectively preventing and alleviating anxiety of this population. METHODS A total of 504 primary caregivers were investigated in Shanghai, China, of which 496 parents and grandparents were included in the analysis. Risk of anxiety was measured by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) Scale. Descriptive statistics, univariate analysis, and multivariable logistic regression were performed to describe the personal and environmental characteristics of parents and grandparents, risk of anxiety, and identify the significant factors. RESULTS 35.1% of the total caregivers had the risk of anxiety, parents (35.8%) were slightly more anxious than grandparents (33.1%). Among parents, children's stable emotion (AOR=0.263, 95% CI=0.113, 0.611), higher household income (AOR=0.664; 95% CI=0.519, 0.850), owning a house (AOR=0.326; 95% CI=0.174, 0.610), and better barrier-free construction (AOR=0.400; 95% CI=0.170, 0.941) were associated with lower odds of anxiety. As for grandparents, significant association was merely found in caregiving time (AOR=2.936; 95% CI=1.064, 8.107). LIMITATIONS Given the cross-sectional design, we would not infer causal relationships. CONCLUSIONS Anxiety among family caregivers of children with disabilities was not encouraging and need to be urgently concerned. To reach optimal efficiency, intergenerational differences should be considered when health care providers and policy makers taking measures to facilitate the mental health of this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Xia
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; China Research Center on Disability, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hongying Zheng
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; China Research Center on Disability, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shiya Zhang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; China Research Center on Disability, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lei Tang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; China Research Center on Disability, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qi Jing
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; China Research Center on Disability, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; School of Management, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261000, China; China Rehabilitation and Health Institute, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; China Research Center on Disability, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Mei Sun
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; China Research Center on Disability, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Jun Lu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; China Research Center on Disability, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; China Rehabilitation and Health Institute, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261000, China.
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A first glance into the black box of life satisfaction surrounding childbearing. JOURNAL OF POPULATION RESEARCH 2021; 38:307-338. [PMID: 34720745 PMCID: PMC8550318 DOI: 10.1007/s12546-021-09267-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The vast majority of studies looking into the relationship between childbearing and subjective well-being use overall measures where respondents either report their general level of happiness or their life satisfaction, leaving substantial doubt about the underlying mechanisms. However, life satisfaction and happiness are intuitively multidimensional concepts, simply because there cannot be only one aspect that affects individuals' well-being. In this study, by considering seventeen specific life satisfaction domains, these features come out very clearly. Whereas all the domains considered matter for the overall life satisfaction, only three of them, namely satisfaction with leisure, health and satisfaction with the partnership, change dramatically surrounding childbearing events. Even though we cannot generalise (since these results stem from one particular panel survey, i.e., Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia data), it appears that the typical anticipation and post-child decrease of life satisfaction, so often found in existing studies, stems from changes in these three domains.
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Bourke-Taylor HM, Joyce KS, Morgan P, Reddihough DS, Tirlea L. Maternal and child factors associated with the health-promoting behaviours of mothers of children with a developmental disability. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2021; 118:104069. [PMID: 34438196 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.104069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Mothers caring for their child or adult with a developmental disability can experience mental health disparity. Protective factors such as healthy behaviours are under-researched. This study investigated relationships between mental health, healthy behaviours, and disability factors. METHODS The cross-sectional online survey included: Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS); Family Empowerment Scale (FES); Health Promoting Activities Scale (HPAS); and a measure of childhood quality of life (QoL). RESULTS All mothers were raising offspring (aged 3-36 years) with a developmental disability. Fifty-two percent of mothers (N = 81) had a mental health diagnosis. DASS scores were elevated for depression (58 %), anxiety (52 %) and stress (68 %). Mothers participated in health promoting activities infrequently and reported low satisfaction with community health-supporting facilities. Depressive symptoms, maternal empowerment and two indicators of child-related QoL explained 29.7 % of the variance in healthy behaviours. Depressive symptoms were the most important predictor of lack of health promoting behaviours. CONCLUSIONS Better mental health predicted more frequent participation in health promoting behaviour. Future research might explore the extent to which health promoting behaviours protect mental health. Service changes including family health focused services, and custom designed health promotion or coaching programs may improve the health behaviours of mothers with high care responsibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M Bourke-Taylor
- Occupational Therapy Department, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Peninsula Campus, Building G, Level 4, McMahons Road, Frankston, VIC 3199, Australia.
| | - Kahli S Joyce
- Occupational Therapy Department, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Peninsula Campus, Building G, Level 4, McMahons Road, Frankston, VIC 3199, Australia
| | - Prue Morgan
- Physiotherapy Department, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Peninsula Campus, Building B, McMahons Road, Frankston, VIC 3199, Australia
| | - Dinah S Reddihough
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Loredana Tirlea
- Faculty of Health, Arts, and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, 3122, Australia
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Sonune SP, Gaur AK, Shenoy A. Prevalence of depression and quality of life in primary caregiver of children with cerebral palsy. J Family Med Prim Care 2021; 10:4205-4211. [PMID: 35136790 PMCID: PMC8797085 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_70_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Study the correlation of depression and quality of life (QoL) in primary caregivers (mothers) of children with cerebral palsy (CP). METHODS An observational cross-sectional study was conducted on a total of 203 primary caregivers (mothers) of children with CP. The depression and QoL in the caregivers were assessed using the Montgomery and Asberg Depression Rating Scale and World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument (WHOQOL-BREF) (physical, psychological, social and environmental domains), respectively. The child's gross motor function level was determined using the Gross Motor Functional Classification System-Expanded and Revised (GMFCS-ER). The association of depression and QoL in mothers to functional limitation in children were assessed. For statistical methods, P < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS The severity of the depression showed a statistically significant negative correlation with the physical domain (r = -0.498, P < 0.0001), psychological domains (r = -0.486, P < 0.0001), social relationships (r = -0.165, P = 0.019) and environmental domains (r = -0.195, P = 0.005). The mean QoL domains scores showed a decreasing trend with increasing motor dysfunction of the child, with a statistical association for physical (r = -0.327, P < 0.0001) and psychological domains (r = -0.440, P < 0.0001). Out of all the baseline demographic factors, the child's age was a significant risk factor affecting the mother's QoL (P = 0.041). CONCLUSION CP, being a debilitating disease, requires around-the-clock caregiving for the child. However, caregiving causes a significant impact on the QoL with increasing severity of depression among the mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapnil P. Sonune
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anil K. Gaur
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anuradha Shenoy
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Bourke-Taylor HM, Grzegorczyn S, Joyce KS. Peer mentor training: Pathway to competency for facilitators of Healthy Mothers Healthy Families workshops. Child Care Health Dev 2021; 47:575-587. [PMID: 33682965 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthy Mothers Healthy Families (HMHF) is a women's health and empowerment programme designed to promote the health and well-being of mothers of children with a disability. An ongoing need to extend the reach of HMHF to more mothers, and increase scalability, resulted in development of a training programme based in principles of adult and transformative learning, to credential mothers as HMHF facilitators. The current study evaluated the process and outcomes of the competency training programme for new facilitators. METHODS A pretest and posttest design with midway data collection point was implemented to evaluate the facilitators' competence following the training programme. Surveys contained specifically designed demographic questions, open-ended questions, self-report of competency and estimation of need for education/training. Fifteen predetermined criteria enabled self-ratings. Training of facilitators occurred alongside delivery of 23-day HMHF workshops. Workshop participants provided anonymous objective evaluation of the facilitators' competencies. Triangulation enabled comparison of self-ratings, workshop participant ratings and author evaluation of new facilitators. RESULTS Facilitators (N = 7) completed all theory and practical elements of the HMHF facilitator education package and were successfully credentialed in May 2020. Overall, facilitators' competency ratings were highest at Time 3, which followed successful co-facilitation of at least three HMHF workshops. As expected, facilitators rated their highest need for education/training at baseline. At Time 3, facilitators self-reported a lower need for education/training for all competency criteria. All facilitators received mean anonymous competency ratings from workshop participants (N = 294), above the predetermined benchmark that was required to become credentialled. CONCLUSIONS The HMHF competency training programme, based on principles of adult and transformative learning, was effective in training seven HMHF facilitators who were mothers and had suitable professional backgrounds to deliver HMHF workshops. Training supports the fidelity of the HMHF intervention. Further research to evaluate maternal outcomes for participants attending the facilitator-lead workshops is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M Bourke-Taylor
- Occupational Therapy Department, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Peninsula Campus, Frankston, VIC, Australia
| | - Sarah Grzegorczyn
- Occupational Therapy Department, Peninsula Health, Frankston, VIC, Australia
| | - Kahli S Joyce
- Occupational Therapy Department, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Peninsula Campus, Frankston, VIC, Australia
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Sutter EN, Francis LS, Francis SM, Lench DH, Nemanich ST, Krach LE, Sukal-Moulton T, Gillick BT. Disrupted Access to Therapies and Impact on Well-Being During the COVID-19 Pandemic for Children With Motor Impairment and Their Caregivers. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2021; 100:821-830. [PMID: 34091465 PMCID: PMC8366513 DOI: 10.1097/phm.0000000000001818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on access to rehabilitation therapies and the impact of changes in therapy access on the physical and mental well-being of children with motor impairment and their caregivers. DESIGN Caregivers of children younger than 18 yrs with childhood-onset motor impairment (primarily cerebral palsy) completed an anonymous survey through the online platform REDCap between May 5 and July 13, 2020. RESULTS The survey was completed by 102 participants. Before the pandemic, 92 of 102 children (90%) were receiving one or more therapies; at the time surveyed, 55 children (54%) were receiving any therapies (P < 0.001). More than 40% of the sample reported increased child stress, decreased physical activity, and/or decline in mobility/movement. Participants who reported a decrease in number of therapies at the time surveyed more frequently reported lower satisfaction with treatment delivery (P < 0.001), a decline in child's mobility (P = 0.001), and increased caregiver stress (P = 0.004). Five qualitative themes were identified from open-ended question responses related to therapies and well-being. CONCLUSIONS Access to pediatric rehabilitation therapies was disrupted during COVID-19. Disrupted access may be related to impact on physical and mental health. With the expansion of telehealth, caregiver and child feedback should be incorporated to optimize benefit.
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Allen J, Zareen Z, Doyle S, Whitla L, Afzal Z, Stack M, Franklin O, Green A, James A, Leahy TR, Quinn S, Elnazir B, Russell J, Paran S, Kiely P, Roche EF, McDonnell C, Baker L, Hensey O, Gibson L, Kelly S, McDonald D, Molloy EJ. Multi-Organ Dysfunction in Cerebral Palsy. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:668544. [PMID: 34434904 PMCID: PMC8382237 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.668544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral Palsy (CP) describes a heterogenous group of non-progressive disorders of posture or movement, causing activity limitation, due to a lesion in the developing brain. CP is an umbrella term for a heterogenous condition and is, therefore, descriptive rather than a diagnosis. Each case requires detailed consideration of etiology. Our understanding of the underlying cause of CP has developed significantly, with areas such as inflammation, epigenetics and genetic susceptibility to subsequent insults providing new insights. Alongside this, there has been increasing recognition of the multi-organ dysfunction (MOD) associated with CP, in particular in children with higher levels of motor impairment. Therefore, CP should not be seen as an unchanging disorder caused by a solitary insult but rather, as a condition which evolves over time. Assessment of multi-organ function may help to prevent complications in later childhood or adulthood. It may also contribute to an improved understanding of the etiology and thus may have an implication in prevention, interventional methods and therapies. MOD in CP has not yet been quantified and a scoring system may prove useful in allowing advanced clinical planning and follow-up of children with CP. Additionally, several biomarkers hold promise in assisting with long-term monitoring. Clinicians should be aware of the multi-system complications that are associated with CP and which may present significant diagnostic challenges given that many children with CP communicate non-verbally. A step-wise, logical, multi-system approach is required to ensure that the best care is provided to these children. This review summarizes multi-organ dysfunction in children with CP whilst highlighting emerging research and gaps in our knowledge. We identify some potential organ-specific biomarkers which may prove useful in developing guidelines for follow-up and management of these children throughout their lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Allen
- Discipline of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Research in Childhood Centre, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Children's Health Ireland (CHI) at Tallaght, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Samantha Doyle
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Birmingham Women's Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Whitla
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Zainab Afzal
- Discipline of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Maria Stack
- Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
- Children's Health Ireland at Temple St. Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Orla Franklin
- Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
- Children's Health Ireland at Temple St. Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andrew Green
- Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
- Children's Health Ireland at Temple St. Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Adam James
- Children's Health Ireland (CHI) at Tallaght, Dublin, Ireland
- Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Timothy Ronan Leahy
- Discipline of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Shoana Quinn
- Children's Health Ireland (CHI) at Tallaght, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Basil Elnazir
- Children's Health Ireland (CHI) at Tallaght, Dublin, Ireland
| | - John Russell
- Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sri Paran
- Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Patrick Kiely
- Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Edna Frances Roche
- Discipline of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Research in Childhood Centre, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Children's Health Ireland (CHI) at Tallaght, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ciara McDonnell
- Discipline of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Research in Childhood Centre, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Children's Health Ireland (CHI) at Tallaght, Dublin, Ireland
- Children's Health Ireland at Temple St. Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Louise Baker
- Children's Health Ireland at Temple St. Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Louise Gibson
- Department of Paediatrics, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - Stephanie Kelly
- Children's Health Ireland (CHI) at Tallaght, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Denise McDonald
- Children's Health Ireland (CHI) at Tallaght, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eleanor J. Molloy
- Discipline of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Research in Childhood Centre, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Children's Health Ireland (CHI) at Tallaght, Dublin, Ireland
- Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Neonatology, The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Zareen Z, Allen J, Kelly LA, McDonald D, Sweetman D, Molloy EJ. An observational study of sleep in childhood post-neonatal encephalopathy. Acta Paediatr 2021; 110:2352-2356. [PMID: 33942377 DOI: 10.1111/apa.15902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) is associated with altered cognitive, motor, sensory abilities and behavioural outcomes. This case-control study aimed to assess whether Quality of Life (QoL) and sleep disorders are affected in older children following NE compared to age-matched controls. METHODS Children at school-age post-NE were recruited and compared to age-matched controls. Sleep and QoL were assessed with the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory and the Child Sleep Habit Questionnaire. RESULTS One hundred children were recruited with an age range of 4-6 years, including children post-NE (n=45) and age-matched controls (n = 55). Significantly higher pathological sleep scores were evident in 58% of children post-NE compared to controls (43.8 vs 40.2; p = 0.001). Children post-NE had increased bedtime resistance (p = 0.028) and sleep anxiety (p = 0.01) compared to controls. Children in the post-NE group had lower total QoL scores versus controls (mean score 82.5 vs 95.8; p < 0.01). Children with mild NE also had lower total QoL scores than controls (90.0 vs 95.8, p = 0.003). There was a strong correlation between low QoL with high total sleep scores (Rho 0.339, p = 0.014). CONCLUSION There were high rates of sleep issues in school-aged children with mild and moderate-severe NE. Consideration and management of sleep problems may improve QoL in childhood post-NE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunera Zareen
- Discipline of Paediatrics Trinity CollegeThe University of Dublin Dublin Ireland
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI) & Trinity Research in Childhood Centre (TRiCC) Trinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland
- Paediatrics Children’s Health Ireland (CHI) at Tallaght Dublin Ireland
- Paediatrics National Maternity Hospital Dublin Ireland
| | - John Allen
- Discipline of Paediatrics Trinity CollegeThe University of Dublin Dublin Ireland
- Paediatrics Children’s Health Ireland (CHI) at Tallaght Dublin Ireland
| | - Lynne A. Kelly
- Discipline of Paediatrics Trinity CollegeThe University of Dublin Dublin Ireland
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI) & Trinity Research in Childhood Centre (TRiCC) Trinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland
- Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital Dublin Ireland
| | - Denise McDonald
- Discipline of Paediatrics Trinity CollegeThe University of Dublin Dublin Ireland
- Paediatrics Children’s Health Ireland (CHI) at Tallaght Dublin Ireland
| | | | - Eleanor J. Molloy
- Discipline of Paediatrics Trinity CollegeThe University of Dublin Dublin Ireland
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI) & Trinity Research in Childhood Centre (TRiCC) Trinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland
- Paediatrics Children’s Health Ireland (CHI) at Tallaght Dublin Ireland
- Paediatrics National Maternity Hospital Dublin Ireland
- Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital Dublin Ireland
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35
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Hartley J, Bluebond-Langner M, Candy B, Downie J, Henderson EM. The Physical Health of Caregivers of Children With Life-Limiting Conditions: A Systematic Review. Pediatrics 2021; 148:peds.2020-014423. [PMID: 34155131 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2020-014423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Parental caregiving for a child with a life-limiting condition (LLC) is complex physical and mental work. The impact of this caregiving on parents' physical health is unknown. OBJECTIVES (1) To review existing evidence on the physical health of parents caring for a child with a LLC and (2) to determine how physical health of parents is measured. DATA SOURCES Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature were searched. STUDY SELECTION Peer-reviewed articles were included if they reported primary data on the physical health of a caregiver of a child with a LLC. Studies were excluded if they described only the caregiver's mental health or if the caregivers were bereaved at the time of data collection. DATA EXTRACTION Of 69 335 unique citations, 81 studies were included in the review. RESULTS Caregiver health was negatively impacted in 84% of studies. Pain and sleep disturbance were the most common problems. Ways of measuring the physical health of caregiver varied widely. We found an absence of in-depth explorations of the social and economic contexts, which could potentially mitigate the impact of caregiving. Furthermore, we find health interventions tailored to this group remain largely unexplored. LIMITATIONS Studies were heterogenous in methodology, making comparisons of results across studies difficult. CONCLUSIONS These findings support the need for improving access to interventions aimed at improving physical health in this population. The rate of health-seeking behaviors, preventive health care access and screening for health conditions is understudied and represent important directions for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Hartley
- Louis Dundas Centre for Children's Palliative Care, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health.,Marie Curie Palliative Care Research Department, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Myra Bluebond-Langner
- Louis Dundas Centre for Children's Palliative Care, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health.,Department of Sociology, Anthropology and Criminal Justice, Rutgers University-Camden, Camden, New Jersey, New Jersey
| | - Bridget Candy
- Marie Curie Palliative Care Research Department, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Downie
- Louis Dundas Centre for Children's Palliative Care, Great Ormond Street Hospital, National Health System Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Paediatric Supportive and Palliative Care Team, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Ellen M Henderson
- Louis Dundas Centre for Children's Palliative Care, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health
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Sogbossi ES, Houekpetodji D, Kpadonou TG, Bleyenheuft Y. Mothers' perception of cerebral palsy in a low-income country of West Africa: a cross-sectional study. Disabil Rehabil 2021; 44:4767-4774. [PMID: 33993806 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2021.1919765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Investigating mothers' perceptions of Cerebral Palsy (CP) and the impact of caregiving on family life in Benin, a west-African low to middle-income country (LMIC). METHODS In this cross-sectional study we interviewed at their homes 88 mothers of children with CP about their perception of the cause of CP and stigmatization issues. Additionally, they completed the Impact on Family Scale and the Family Support Scale questionnaires. Multinomial and ordinal regressions analyses were used (p < 0.05). RESULTS Most mothers (78%) referred to non-biomedical causes of CP (God's will or curse). Caregivers with a limited education level were more likely to report non-biomedical beliefs. Only 28% reported having received from physicians an explanation of the causes of CP. Around 38% endorsed neighbors considered their children as cursed, which is a source of stigmatization. Mothers perceived a high impact of caregiving on their family life that correlated with non-biomedical beliefs, low education level, and the severity of CP. CONCLUSION There is a need in Benin, and probably in West-African LMICs generally, to shift to a family-centered care system and to inform the public about the root causes of CP to improve social integration of children with CP and decrease the negative impact on their families.Implication for rehabilitationMothers with a limited education level are more likely to report non-biomedical causes of CP in this LMIC;mothers' level of education and non-biomedical beliefs of causes of CP are associated to a high impact of caregiving on family life in this LMIC;mothers of children with CP in this LMIC do not perceive health-workers helpful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Segnon Sogbossi
- Motor Skill Learning and Intensive Neurorehabilitation Lab, Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Physical Therapy, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Damienne Houekpetodji
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Physical Therapy, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Toussaint G Kpadonou
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Physical Therapy, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin.,Clinique Universitaire de Médecine Physique et Réadaptation du Centre National Hospitalier et Universitaire Hubert Koutoukou MAGA (CNHU-HKM) de Cotonou, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Yannick Bleyenheuft
- Motor Skill Learning and Intensive Neurorehabilitation Lab, Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Isa SNI, Ishak I, Ab Rahman A, Mohd Saat NZ, Che Din N, Lubis SH, Mohd Ismail MF, Mohd Suradi NR. Quality of Life Among Caregivers of Children with Special Needs in Kelantan, Malaysia: The Importance of Psychosocial Mediators. Malays J Med Sci 2021; 28:128-141. [PMID: 33958967 PMCID: PMC8075598 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2021.28.2.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quality of life (QoL) is an important aspect of well-being for the caregivers of children with disability, making it a noteworthy outcome. Little is known about the challenges faced by the caregivers in Asian countries and its association to their QoL. The purpose of this study was to examine a model describing the relationship between sociodemographic and disability-related factors on caregivers' QoL, mediated by the caregivers' psychosocial factors such as perceived stress, coping skills, and social support. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted involving caregivers of children with special needs in Kelantan, a state of Peninsular Malaysia. A total of 383 caregivers completed questionnaires measuring sociodemographics, disability-related factors, psychosocial factors and QoL outcome. Structural equation modelling was performed to examine the relations of the variables in the conceptual model. RESULTS In the final model, childcare dependency, caregiver's age, financial support, negative perception of stress and maladaptive coping skills were significant predictors of QoL (R 2 = 0.65). Caregiver's age had a direct effect on QoL, while financial support had an indirect effect on QoL via negative perception of stress. Childcare dependency had direct and indirect effects on QoL via negative perception of stress. Higher perceived stress was associated with lower QoL directly and indirectly via maladaptive coping skills. The final model fitted the data well (root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.046; CFI = 0.923; χ2/df = 1.798). CONCLUSION Intervention strategies to improve the QoL of caregivers should target the family unit and take into account the factors of child's disability, demographic and caregiver's psychosocial status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Nor Ismalina Isa
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ismarulyusda Ishak
- Biomedical Science Programme, School of Diagnostic & Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azriani Ab Rahman
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nur Zakiah Mohd Saat
- Biomedical Science Programme, School of Diagnostic & Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Normah Che Din
- Health Psychology Programme, School of Healthcare Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Syarif Husin Lubis
- Biomedical Science Programme, School of Diagnostic & Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Faiz Mohd Ismail
- Biomedical Science Programme, School of Diagnostic & Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nur Riza Mohd Suradi
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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38
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Weissheimer G, Mazza VDA, Teodoro FC, Szylit R, Ichikawa CRDF, Schepelski UGDFA. Family Management and socioeconomic situation of children and adolescents with neurological disorders. Rev Bras Enferm 2021; 73:e20190042. [PMID: 32578736 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2019-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES to identify the relation between family management and socioeconomic situation of children and adolescents with neurological disorders. METHODS a descriptive and correlational study with 141 family members who answered a questionnaire on socioeconomic and family management information. Data collection took place between May and September 2016 in a pediatric neurology center. A descriptive and analytical analysis was carried out with the use of statistical tests in order to assess the relation of the variables researched. RESULTS a higher early childhood disease time was related with higher scores of management difficulty. There was relation between the highest family income and management skills and the lowest scores of family difficulty. The highest schooling level of mothers was associated with the lowest scores of disease impact view and family difficulty. CONCLUSIONS family members with unfavorable socioeconomic situation had more difficulty with family management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Regina Szylit
- Universidade de São Paulo. São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Petersen S, Reddihough DS, Lima S, Harvey A, Newall F. Barriers and Facilitators to Seeking Sleep Solutions for Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Qualitative Study. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:729386. [PMID: 34867520 PMCID: PMC8635500 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.729386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Published evidence to date suggests that sleep problems are common in children with cerebral palsy (CP). This qualitative study is a follow up to a previously published quantitative phase on the experience and impact of sleep problems in this population. Aims: The aim of this study was to explore the experience and impact of sleep disturbance and seeking of sleep solutions for parents of school aged children with CP. Materials and Methods: Semi-structured 19 qualitative interviews were conducted with parents of children with CP aged 6-12 years. Interview data were transcribed verbatim and the thematic analysis techniques by Braun and Clarke was used to identify themes. Results: Thematic analysis identified 7 themes: (1) My Child Doesn't Fit into the Box, (2) A Mother's Ears are Always On, (3) Sleep Disturbance is like Water Torture, (4) Sleep is One of Many Spot Fires, I Put it on the Backburner, (5) Luck, Money or Jumping Up and Down, (6) There is Never One Silver Bullet and (7) Help: The Earlier the Better. The key finding was that parents of children with CP often described their child's needs being distinct from what is provided by systems and services. Conclusion: Parents face significant challenges sourcing effective sleep solutions for their child with CP. Sleep is often not a priority for either the parent or the clinician as other health problems take precedence. Parents reflected that early sleep intervention for their child was or would have been helpful. The barriers and facilitators to sleep care identified in this study should be used to inform clinical change in care for children with CP. Sleep needs to be prioritized in healthcare for children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sacha Petersen
- School of Health and Biosciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.,University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Dinah S Reddihough
- University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sally Lima
- University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Bendigo Health, Bendigo, VIC, Australia
| | - Adrienne Harvey
- University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Fiona Newall
- University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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40
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Park EY. Parental Caregiving Burden, Depression, Social Support, and Life Satisfaction: A Multigroup Analysis of Social Support for Parents of Young Children Suffering From Brain Lesions. REHABILITATION COUNSELING BULLETIN 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/0034355220983461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Social support refers to people’s interpersonal relationships and is a potentially powerful mediator for caregivers’ life satisfaction. This study examined the relationships between parental caregiver burden, depression, social support, and life satisfaction. It compared these relation variables between parents of preschool- and school-aged children, as mediator effects of social support may differ across age ranges. Data were used from the Ministry of Health and Welfare of Korea’s research on support services and policies for people with brain lesions. Parental caregivers of preschool- ( n = 93) and school-aged ( n = 91) children participated in this study. A multigroup analysis indicated a significant negative relationship between caregiving burden and depression with social support and parental life satisfaction and a significant positive relation for social support with life satisfaction for the overall group, preschool- and school aged. Social support was a mediator for each group; however, the regression weight differed between preschool- and school-aged children’s parents. The study confirms the importance of caregivers’ social support and suggests a need for family support strategies that account for children’s ages.
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Ramezani M, Eghlidi J, Pourghayoomi E, Mohammadi S. Caring-Related Chronic Low Back Pain and Associated Factors among Mothers of Children with Cerebral Palsy. Rehabil Res Pract 2020; 2020:8854435. [PMID: 33457016 PMCID: PMC7787802 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8854435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Literature indicated some risk factors for low back pain; however, there is insufficient knowledge on the effect of caring-related physical activities and individual characteristics on Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP) in mothers of children with Cerebral Palsy (CP). OBJECTIVE The main aim of the current study was to determine the association between caring-related physical activities, Body Mass Index (BMI), education level, and CLBP in mothers of children with CP. DESIGN Case-control observational study. Setting. Pediatric rehabilitation clinics. Participants. Mothers of children with CP. Main Outcome Measures. Measures is comprised of a self-administered questionnaire that included the demographic characteristics items, pain visual analog scale, and three items of the job-related physical demands questionnaire. The logistic regression model served to assess the association. RESULTS The control group included 81 healthy mothers, with a mean (SD) age of 39 (8.45) years, and the case group contained 90 mothers who suffered from CLBP, with a mean (SD) age of 37 (8.64) years. Performing lifting movements (OR 13.73, β = 2.62, p < .001), BMI (OR 11.85, β = 2.47, p = .011), repetitive bending (OR 7.67, β = 2.04, p = .010), forward-flexion (OR 6.71, β = 1.91, p = .033), and level of education (OR .21, β = -1.53, p = .020), in descending order of odds ratios, were found to be significant predictors of the CLBP in mothers of children with CP. CONCLUSION Avoiding caring-related harmful physical activities, maintaining body weight within a healthy range, and increasing knowledge for accurate lifting/handling techniques can be helpful to prevent the CLBP in mothers of children with CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Ramezani
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jandark Eghlidi
- Physiotherapy Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Pourghayoomi
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Mohammadi
- Student Research Committee, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Xia C, Sun M, Li X, Lu C, Gao X, Lu J, Chen G. Health-Related Quality of Life and Related Factors among Primary Caregivers of Children with Disabilities in Shanghai, China: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E9299. [PMID: 33322674 PMCID: PMC7764603 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17249299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of caregivers of children with disabilities (CWD) is important for both children's rehabilitation and caregivers' life, but the corresponding attention is far from enough in mainland China. Thus, we investigated the HRQOL of 170 caregivers and related factors in Shanghai. The 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) was used to measure HRQOL. The potential factors were collected, including child characteristics, caregiver characteristics, and environmental factors. Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression were performed to identify the key factors that could be intervened. Compared with the general population, caregivers of CWD had a slightly higher score on the physical component summary (PCS, 52.57 ± 8.41), but the score of mental component summary (MCS, 31.58 ± 7.72) was extremely low. Caregiver's illness condition, family size, and household income were significant factors of physical HRQOL. Caregivers with illness and caregivers living in an extended family were associated with higher mental HRQOL. Whereas these two factors had opposite effects on physical HRQOL. This finding indicated poor mental HRQOL among caregivers of CWD in Shanghai and thus requiring urgent attention and intervention. Improving physical fitness, maintaining family integration, and providing financial support should be considered when developing intervention for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Xia
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (C.X.); (M.S.); (X.L.); (X.G.)
- China Research Center on Disability, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Mei Sun
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (C.X.); (M.S.); (X.L.); (X.G.)
- China Research Center on Disability, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xinying Li
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (C.X.); (M.S.); (X.L.); (X.G.)
- China Research Center on Disability, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chenhao Lu
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
| | - Xiu Gao
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (C.X.); (M.S.); (X.L.); (X.G.)
- China Research Center on Disability, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jun Lu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (C.X.); (M.S.); (X.L.); (X.G.)
- China Research Center on Disability, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (C.X.); (M.S.); (X.L.); (X.G.)
- China Research Center on Disability, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Caregiver burden of parents of children with disabilities is negatively associated with parental quality of life and psychosocial well-being and has been identified as a public health concern. Reviews have consolidated the experiences of these parents, but little is understood about the unique challenges faced by parents of children with cerebral palsy (CP). We aim to conduct an in-depth synthesis of the experiences and needs of parents of children with CP to better support them. METHODS Six electronic databases were searched systematically for qualitative research, and a thematic synthesis was performed. RESULTS Seventeen studies from 1988 to 2019 encapsulating the experiences of 226 parents were included in this review. Four themes and 11 subthemes were identified: (1) self: the caregiver-parent trajectory (coming to terms with the fact, physical and emotional demands, and a nice outlet), (2) family: maintaining the family unit (juggling multiple children and parenting as a co-occupation), (3) society: social repercussions (facing public discrimination, rejection by extended family, and loss of freedom), and (4) parents' wish list (open communication and caring attitudes, funding and health care accessibility, social integration, and inclusivity). Apart from emotional adaptation and physical childcare difficulty, parents indicated a need for more information on health care services, funding, better attitudes and empathy from health care providers, properly trained educators, disability-friendly fixtures, and more public awareness. CONCLUSION The findings in this review provide insight into the true experiences and needs of parents caring for children with CP and will aid clinicians in the development of family-centered care pathways for these patients.
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Nobakht Z, Rassafiani M, Hosseini SA, Hosseinzadeh S. A web-based daily care training to improve the quality of life of mothers of children with cerebral palsy: A randomized controlled trial. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2020; 105:103731. [PMID: 32659699 PMCID: PMC7351390 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2020.103731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mothers of moderately to severely affected children with cerebral palsy (CP) have to spend a long time to take care of their children. This time-consuming responsibility affects their physical and psychosocial health. Therefore, mothers as caregivers are required to receive special training to take care of their children. AIMS The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a developed web-based intervention for daily care training of children with CP on their mothers' quality of life (QOL), anxiety, depression, stress, and their musculoskeletal pain. METHODS AND PROCEDURES This study was a single blind randomized controlled trial. 91 mothers of children with CP with Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels III, IѴ, and Ѵ, who aged from 4 to 12 years were assigned to the intervention and control groups using block randomization. Mothers in the control group received their routine face to face occupational therapy intervention and mothers in the intervention group received 12 weeks web-based intervention. QOL, depression, anxiety, stress, and pain were measured before and after the intervention in both groups. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS The results of analysis of covariance showed that after controlling the mean score of pretest of pain, the mean score of post-tests in the intervention and control groups was significantly different (P < 0.05). The mean scores of physical health and total QOL scores of post-tests in the intervention group were significantly higher than the control group with controlling pretest scores. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Designed web-based intervention affects the caregivers' QOL and pain significantly. This intervention can be used to provide daily care training for mothers of children with CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Nobakht
- Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Center and Occupational Therapy Department, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Rassafiani
- Occupational Therapy Department, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kuwait University, Kuwait. Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - S A Hosseini
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center and Occupational Therapy Department, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Hosseinzadeh
- Biosatistics Department, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Lee MH, Matthews AK, Park CG, Vincent C, Hsieh K, Savage TA. Relationships among parenting stress, health-promoting behaviors, and health-related quality of life in Korean mothers of children with cerebral palsy. Res Nurs Health 2020; 43:590-601. [PMID: 32990995 DOI: 10.1002/nur.22074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Health-promoting behaviors have been shown to enhance the quality of life across diverse populations. In this study, we examined the indirect effects of several health-promoting behaviors on the relationship between parenting stress and health-related quality of life in mothers of children with cerebral palsy (CP). A convenience sample of Korean mothers (N = 180) of children aged 10 months to 12 years with CP was recruited from clinical and school settings. Health-promoting behaviors were measured using the health-promoting lifestyle profile II, which is comprised of six subscales: health responsibility, physical activity, nutrition, spiritual growth, interpersonal relations, and stress management. Multiple mediation analyses were conducted to examine the mediating role of these behavioral categories. Spiritual growth (β = .56, p < .05) had an indirect effect on the relationship between parenting stress and physical health-related quality of life while spiritual growth (β = -1.00, p < .01) and stress management (β = -.80, p < .05) were found to mediate the association between parenting stress and mental health-related quality of life. The findings of multiple mediation analyses provide evidence of the influence of specific health-promoting behaviors on health-related quality of life, thereby informing the development of intervention programs for mothers of children with disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meen Hye Lee
- School of Nursing at UNCW, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina, USA
| | - Alicia K Matthews
- College of Nursing at UIC, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Chang Gi Park
- College of Nursing at UIC, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Catherine Vincent
- College of Nursing at UIC, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kelly Hsieh
- Disability and Human Development at UIC, College of Applied Health Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Teresa A Savage
- College of Nursing at UIC, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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46
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Fritz HL. Coping with caregiving: Humor styles and health outcomes among parents of children with disabilities. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2020; 104:103700. [PMID: 32497974 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2020.103700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parents of children with developmental disabilities experience greater stress and worse mental and physical health outcomes than parents of typically developing children. The use of various humor styles to cope with stressors has been associated with mental and, to a lesser extent, physical health outcomes in other populations, but has not been previously examined among parents of children with disabilities. AIMS To examine relations of adaptive vs. maladaptive humor styles with depression, daily affect, mental and physical functioning, somatic symptoms, and health behaviors, and to examine whether social support or positive reappraisal mediate relations of humor with health outcomes. METHOD 80 parents of children with disabilities completed online surveys at T1. 40 parents completed T2 surveys 4 months later. RESULTS As predicted, the adaptive humor styles - self-enhancing and affiliative - were associated with enhanced mental health outcomes, and these relations were mediated by social support and, to a lesser extent, positive reappraisal. Self-defeating humor was associated with worse mental health, greater symptoms, and worse health behavior; these relations were mediated by social support. CONCLUSION Adaptive humor use may facilitate caregivers' ability to garner support from others and reframe stressors, which ultimately may contribute to mental and physical resilience to stress.
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Gbolahan OO, Amiede OS, Samuel OA. The Burden and Perceived Stress on Family Caregivers of Patients With Orofacial Cleft Deformities in The Perioperative Period of Cleft Repair. J Patient Exp 2020; 7:1602-1609. [PMID: 33457620 PMCID: PMC7786686 DOI: 10.1177/2374373520948650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Different stages along the trajectory of cleft care may present with different and peculiar challenges that may negatively impact family caregivers, leading to considerable stress and burden. This study aims to evaluate the family caregiver burden and perceived stress of caring for patients with cleft deformities. Contributing factors to family caregivers’ burden in the perioperative period of cleft repair was also identified. A cross-sectional design that included 90 adult caregiver–patient pairs was employed. Semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect necessary information. The level of caregiver’s burden was assessed using the Zarit burden interview score. The results demonstrated the levels of caregiver burden as severe (4.4%), moderate to severe (21.1%), mild to moderate (40%), and little or none (34.5%). The only significant and independent predictor of caregiver burden was earning less than US$50/month (odds ratio = 2.30, 95% CI = 0.95-5.61, P = .066). Coping strategy was mainly family support (98.9%), while the greatest need expressed was financial assistance (66.7%). Our findings suggests that efforts geared at reducing direct and indirect cost of cleft care may help in reducing caregivers’ burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olalere Omoyosola Gbolahan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan/UCH, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ogunmuyiwa Stella Amiede
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, Federal Medical Centre Abeokuta, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Olowookere Anu Samuel
- Department of Community Health, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
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Wakimizu R, Fujioka H, Nishigaki K, Matsuzawa A. Quality of life and associated factors in siblings of children with severe motor and intellectual disabilities: A cross-sectional study. Nurs Health Sci 2020; 22:977-987. [PMID: 32662581 DOI: 10.1111/nhs.12755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study examined quality of life and its associated factors in siblings of children with severe motor and intellectual disabilities in Japan. The participants were 789 siblings of children with a disability and their primary caregivers. We used the Kinder Lebensqualität Fragebogen questionnaire to assess the quality of life of siblings. The mean age of the siblings was 12.21 ± 3.07 years, and the mean quality of life score was 69.63 ± 12.55 points, which is higher than that of the general population of children of the same age. It was revealed that the following factors contributed to higher quality of life scores: a closer relationship with the child with a disability, younger age, the primary caregiver's lower care burden, later birth order of siblings (i.e., younger siblings), higher family empowerment, and female gender of siblings. The relationship with the child with a disability had the strongest influence on siblings' quality of life. Our study suggests the need for nursing interventions that focus on the whole family to enhance siblings' quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Wakimizu
- Department of Child Health Care Nursing, Division of Health Innovation and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Fujioka
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kaori Nishigaki
- Department of Child Health Nursing, Graduate School of Nursing Sciences, St. Luke's International University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akemi Matsuzawa
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Ibaraki Christian University, Ibaraki, Japan
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Rizvi Jafree S, Burhan SK. Health challenges of mothers with special needs children in Pakistan and the importance of integrating health social workers. SOCIAL WORK IN HEALTH CARE 2020; 59:408-429. [PMID: 32614737 DOI: 10.1080/00981389.2020.1781738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
There is concern that mothers of special needs children in developing countries like Pakistan are neglected populations facing hidden health challenges. The aim of this study was to investigate the kinds of health challenges mothers experience and to highlight the role of health social workers in supporting the needs of mothers. Twenty-one mothers were sampled across three cities and findings were analyzed through a thematic content analysis approach. Findings revealed that mothers faced significant and salient challenges under eight sub-categories of mental health and six sub-categories of physical health. We recommend that health social workers collaborate with healthcare practitioners to improve health services for mothers and also coordinate with other social workers, community members, and policymakers for improving both social and structural support for special needs families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rizvi Jafree
- Department of Sociology, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University) , Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Khadija Burhan
- Department of Education, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University) , Lahore, Pakistan
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Prajakta P, John S, Bellur R. Parental Perspectives on Quality of Life in Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy. Indian J Psychol Med 2020; 42:256-261. [PMID: 32612330 PMCID: PMC7320728 DOI: 10.4103/ijpsym.ijpsym_300_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quality of life (QoL) is an important outcome variable while evaluating intervention effectiveness during adolescence. Limited studies have addressed the issues that affect the QoL in adolescents with cerebral palsy. The present study explores the parent-reported QoL in adolescents with cerebral palsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using a cross-sectional study design, parental perspectives on QoL were investigated among 35 parents of adolescents with cerebral palsy, aged between 13 and 18 years. Performance on seven domains of QoL across age and gender were explored. RESULTS While the maximum QoL was seen in the domain of social well-being, the least QoL was noted for feelings about functioning. Across age, the early adolescence group (13-15 years) had a poorer quality of life in comparison to the late adolescence group (16-18 years). With respect to the gender, though females had a lower QoL scores, a statistically significant difference was observed only for the domain of general well-being and participation. CONCLUSIONS From a parental perspective, the major issues of concern in adolescents with cerebral palsy were feelings about functioning, general well-being and participation, and access to services. This information will be useful when establishing management options or assessment protocols to improve their overall QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhu Prajakta
- Department of Speech and Hearing, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Sunila John
- Department of Speech and Hearing, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Rajashekhar Bellur
- Department of Speech and Hearing, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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