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Klein ES, Licari M, Barbic S, Zwicker JG. Success or Failure? Are We Meeting the Needs of Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder? Can J Occup Ther 2024; 91:149-159. [PMID: 37670671 PMCID: PMC11088219 DOI: 10.1177/00084174231197618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Background. Current international clinical practice guidelines indicate that children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) should receive therapy, yet school and community-based occupational therapy is not standard of care. Purpose. To understand parent perspectives on best practice for treatment and what supports and services are required to meet their children's needs. Method. An online cross-sectional survey (impACT for DCD) was distributed to parents of children <18 years with self-reported suspected or diagnosed DCD living in British Columbia. Data analysis included descriptive statistics and contingency analyses to explore whether access to therapy differed with income, age of child, or geographical location. Open-ended questions were analyzed using content analysis. Findings. Of the 237 respondents, 194 children had suspected/confirmed DCD; however, only 20% (38/198) of the children had received therapy at school. Some parents (32/58) pursued private therapy. Geographic location and income had no relationship with therapy access (p > 0.05). Parents expressed frustration with poor awareness and understanding of the impact of DCD among educators, health-care professionals, and community members, and identified the need for funded and accessible school and community services and supports. Conclusion. Evidenced-based occupational therapy intervention should be standard of care for children with DCD as per clinical guidelines and parent-identified need.
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Malik M, Weber A, Lang D, Vanderwal T, Zwicker JG. Cortical grey matter volume differences in children with developmental coordination disorder compared to typically developing children. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 18:1276057. [PMID: 38826616 PMCID: PMC11140146 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1276057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The cause of Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is unknown, but neuroimaging evidence suggests that DCD may be related to altered brain development. Children with DCD show less structural and functional connectivity compared to typically developing (TD) children, but few studies have examined cortical volume in children with DCD. The purpose of this study was to investigate cortical grey matter volume using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) in children with DCD compared to TD children. Methods This cross-sectional study was part of a larger randomized-controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02597751) that involved various MRI scans of children with/without DCD. This paper focuses on the anatomical scans, performing VBM of cortical grey matter volume in 30 children with DCD and 12 TD children. Preprocessing and VBM data analysis were conducted using the Computational Anatomy Tool Box-12 and a study-specific brain template. Differences between DCD and TD groups were assessed using a one-way ANOVA, controlling for total intracranial volume. Regression analyses examined if motor and/or attentional difficulties predicted grey matter volume. We used threshold-free cluster enhancement (5,000 permutations) and set an alpha level of 0.05. Due to the small sample size, we did not correct for multiple comparisons. Results Compared to the TD group, children with DCD had significantly greater grey matter in the left superior frontal gyrus. Lower motor scores (meaning greater impairment) were related to greater grey matter volume in left superior frontal gyrus, frontal pole, and right middle frontal gyrus. Greater grey matter volume was also significantly correlated with higher scores on the Conners 3 ADHD Index in the left superior frontal gyrus, superior parietal lobe, and precuneus. These results indicate that greater grey matter volume in these regions is associated with poorer motor and attentional skills. Discussion Greater grey matter volume in the left superior frontal gyrus in children with DCD may be a result of delayed or absent healthy cortical thinning, potentially due to altered synaptic pruning as seen in other neurodevelopmental disorders. These findings provide further support for the hypothesis that DCD is related to altered brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrah Malik
- Graduate Programs in Rehabilitation Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Alexander Weber
- Brain, Behaviour, & Development Theme, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Donna Lang
- Brain, Behaviour, & Development Theme, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tamara Vanderwal
- Brain, Behaviour, & Development Theme, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jill G. Zwicker
- Brain, Behaviour, & Development Theme, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Park SH, Kim EY. Predictive validity of the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire as a screening tool to identify motor skill problems: A systematic review and meta-analysis. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2024; 150:104748. [PMID: 38744072 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2024.104748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ) has been used to screen children who probably have developmental coordination disorder (DCD). AIMS We systematically reviewed studies on the predictive validity of the DCDQ and performed a meta-analysis on its diagnostic accuracy. METHODS AND PROCEDURES Literature was searched through four electronic databases: MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycArticles. A total of 27 studies was selected based on the inclusion criteria. The sensitivity and specificity of the DCDQ were assessed using summary receiver operating characteristic (sROC) curves. Subgroup analyses were conducted according to the DCDQ type, reference standard, and participant type. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Overall, the DCDQ has a sensitivity of 0.70 and a specificity of 0.77, showing moderate diagnostic accuracy (area under the curve, 0.80). Subgroup analysis showed that the revised version of the DCDQ had higher diagnostic accuracy than the original version. When the reference standard was the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, the sensitivity and specificity of the DCDQ were 0.87 and 0.83, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy was higher in clinical samples compared to the general population. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS This study demonstrated that the DCDQ has adequate diagnostic accuracy, suggesting it can help screen children with motor skill deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Hi Park
- School of Nursing, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyang-ro, Asan-si 31538, South Korea
| | - Eun Young Kim
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyang-ro, Asan-si 31538, South Korea.
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Reynolds JE, Alvares GA, Williams J, Froude E, Elliott C, McIntyre S, Whitehouse AJO, Evans KL, Reid SL, Cairney J, Licari MK. Investigating the impact of developmental coordination difficulties across home, school, and community settings: Findings from the Australian Impact for DCD survey. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2024; 147:104712. [PMID: 38471296 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2024.104712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the participation difficulties experienced by children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) in home, school, and community environments. METHODS The Impact for DCD survey was completed by primary caregivers of 4-18-year-old children with DCD (or synonymous diagnosis) (n = 429). OUTCOMES AND RESULTS The greatest participation difficulties experienced at home included dressing, eating with utensils, self-care tasks and drawing/writing reported by over 70% of families. At school, fine motor difficulties were also frequently reported, with additional difficulties keeping up or completing tasks, and not feeling supported at school. Socialisation challenges and bullying were also commonly reported (34.9%). As a result of participation difficulties at school, 5.4% were home schooled. Many children engaged in community activity, with 72.0% currently engaged in at least one organised sports-based activity. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Increased recognition of the widespread impact of DCD in a child's life is crucial at an individual and societal level. Parents reported their children experiencing significant participation restrictions and difficulties. The findings of this large-scale study have revealed that most children with DCD are not receiving the support they need to thrive, especially at school. This largely reflects a lack of understanding and recognition of the condition and its associated challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jess E Reynolds
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Gail A Alvares
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Williams
- College of Sport, Health and Engineering, Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elspeth Froude
- School of Allied Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Catherine Elliott
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sarah McIntyre
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Cerebral Palsy Alliance, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Andrew J O Whitehouse
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kiah L Evans
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; School of Allied Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Siobhan L Reid
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - John Cairney
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Health and Well-Being Centre for Research Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Melissa K Licari
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Tamplain P, Miller HL, Peavy D, Cermak S, Williams J, Licari M. The impact for DCD - USA study: The current state of Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) in the United States of America. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2024; 145:104658. [PMID: 38176290 PMCID: PMC10840388 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2023.104658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is among the most under-recognized and under-supported disorders worldwide. AIMS To present a preliminary national study that evaluated the unmet needs of children with DCD in the USA using the Impact for DCD survey. METHODS AND PROCEDURES 232 parents of individuals aged 5-18 years provided responses from 36 items in five domains (diagnosis, activity/participation, education, therapy, and social/emotional health). OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Most children (81.9%) had a formal diagnosis for movement difficulties, and 91.6% of parents reported that receiving a diagnosis was helpful, but most had not heard of the diagnosis before. The most common co-occurring diagnoses were childhood apraxia of speech and other speech-language disorders (24.6%), ADHD (23.1%), and anxiety (18.8%). Most parents reported that their children withdrew from or avoided movement-related activities (53%), and nearly all (94.8%) were concerned about the impact of motor difficulties on their children's social and emotional health. Only 37% of parents reported feeling that their child received sufficient therapy. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Generally, parents reported feeling frustrated with others' understanding and awareness of the condition and with therapy services. The results shown here provide timely data that can support efforts for increased awareness, improved diagnosis, and increased availability of services for DCD in the USA.
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Klein ES, Licari M, Barbic S, Zwicker JG. Diagnostic services for developmental coordination disorder: Gaps and opportunities identified by parents. Child Care Health Dev 2024; 50:e13230. [PMID: 38265129 DOI: 10.1111/cch.13230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Affecting one in 20 children, Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder impacting a child's ability to learn motor skills. Despite its high prevalence, DCD is under-recognized and under-diagnosed, causing unnecessary frustration and stress for families who are seeking help for their child. This study aimed to understand how parents procure diagnostic services and their perspectives on needed supports and services to improve early identification and diagnosis of DCD. METHODS Using a multi-pronged recruitment strategy, we circulated the impACT for DCD online questionnaire to parents of children (<18 years) in British Columbia with suspected or diagnosed DCD. Data were analysed descriptively using medians/interquartile ranges for continuous data and frequencies/percentages for categorical data. Open-ended questions were analysed using exploratory content analysis. RESULTS A total of 237 respondent data were analysed. Parents identified poor awareness and understanding of health care professionals and educators regarding aetiology, symptomology, and impacts of DCD, affecting timely access to diagnostic services. Long waitlists were also a barrier that often led families with financial means to procure private diagnostic assessments. CONCLUSION A standard of care is needed for streamlined diagnostic services, enabling early identification and early intervention. A publicly funded, family-centred, collaborative care approach is critical to assess, diagnose, and treat children with this disorder and to mitigate the secondary physical and mental health consequences associated with DCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin S Klein
- Graduate Programs in Rehabilitation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Brain, Behaviour, & Development Theme, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Melissa Licari
- Telethon Kids Institute and University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Skye Barbic
- Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jill G Zwicker
- Brain, Behaviour, & Development Theme, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics (Division of Developmental Pediatrics), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, Hamilton, Canada
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Klein ES, Cheung C, Garces A, Barbic S, Zwicker JG. Caregiver burden and mental health: Parent perspectives when raising a child with developmental coordination disorder. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2024; 144:104656. [PMID: 38141380 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2023.104656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) are at high risk for mental health disorders, stemming from challenges participating in motor activities. Parents of children with DCD report increased caregiver burden exacerbated by insufficient support and services for their child. A paucity of literature exists on parent and child mental health associated with a DCD diagnosis. AIMS To explore parent perceptions of their child's mental health, and the impact of DCD on family and parental mental health. METHODS AND PROCEDURES Implementation of a secondary analysis using the impACT for DCD, a cross-sectional online survey of parents of children with self-reported suspected or confirmed diagnosis of DCD living in British Columbia, Canada. Data analysis included descriptive and inferential statistics and content analysis. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Of the 237 participants, more than one third of parents (36%) rated their own mental health to be fair or poor, and the majority (90%) expressed concern for their child's mental health. Themes emerged on the impact of DCD on child, parent, and family, influenced by access to resources. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Standard of care for DCD needs to include services and supports that address caregiver burden and mental health of children with DCD and their families. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS This paper explores parent perceptions of their child(ren)'s and their own mental health when raising a child with DCD in British Columbia (BC). In BC, there is a lack of research on the mental health challenges families face when their child has a diagnosis of DCD. Amongst health care providers, there tends to be a focus on DCD as a motor disorder, with limited understanding and acknowledgement of the mental health component for children and their families. Thus, this study will inform health-care providers, parents, educators, and policy makers on parent-identified mental health needs and the essential services and supports. Unique to this study was the inclusion of a descriptive and exploratory content analysis, providing a holistic understanding of parents' perceptions regarding the impact of DCD on their children and themselves. Our results revealed that parents perceive significant inter-connected impacts of DCD on the child, parents, and family, leading to poor mental health for parents and their child(ren). Limited access to resources and supports results in a negative trajectory for family mental health and well-being. Study results indicate the critical importance of addressing mental health, in addition to motor challenges. Healthcare providers need to adopt a family-centred approach to address the physical and psychosocial impairments associated with DCD, ensuring positive outcomes for children and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin S Klein
- Graduate Programs in Rehabilitation Sciences, University of British Columbia, T121 - 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Musqueam Territory, Vancouver, BC V6B 2B5, Canada; Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, T325 - 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Musqueam Territory, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada; BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, 4480 Oak Street, Musqueam, Squamish, & Tsleil-Waututh Territory, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Detwiller Pavilion, University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Musqueam Territory, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1, Canada
| | - Carrie Cheung
- Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, T325 - 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Musqueam Territory, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Detwiller Pavilion, University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Musqueam Territory, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1, Canada
| | - Angie Garces
- Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, T325 - 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Musqueam Territory, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Detwiller Pavilion, University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Musqueam Territory, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1, Canada
| | - Skye Barbic
- Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, T325 - 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Musqueam Territory, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada; Centre for Health Evaluation Outcome Sciences, University of British Columbia, 570 - 1081 Burrard St, Musqueam, Squamish, & Tsleil-Waututh Territory, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Detwiller Pavilion, University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Musqueam Territory, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1, Canada; Foundry, 1260 Granville St, Musqueam, Squamish, & Tsleil-Waututh Territory, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1M4, Canada
| | - Jill G Zwicker
- Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, T325 - 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Musqueam Territory, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada; BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, 4480 Oak Street, Musqueam, Squamish, & Tsleil-Waututh Territory, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Detwiller Pavilion, University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Musqueam Territory, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Rm 2D19 - 4480 Oak Street, Musqueam, Squamish, & Tsleil-Waututh Territory, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada.
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Kim MJ, Nam SM, Kim B, Park I, Park J, Shim JK. Anthropometric, physical activity, and psychological characteristics of Korean adults with and without developmental coordination disorder (DCD). Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1280356. [PMID: 38178993 PMCID: PMC10764483 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1280356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD), also known as Dyspraxia, is characterized by movement difficulties in individuals without discernible neurological disorders or identifiable medical conditions. Previous studies from various countries have highlighted disparities in anthropometric, physical activity, and psychological characteristics between children diagnosed with DCD and their typically developing (TD) peers. These differences are influenced by sociocultural norms and geographical locations. However, little attention has been given to scrutinizing analogous differences in adult populations, particularly within Republic of Korea. This study aims to address this knowledge gap by employing a battery of questionnaires to assess anthropometric, physical activity, and psychological traits in a cohort of 377 Korean adults, encompassing those with DCD (n = 54) alongside TD counterparts (n = 323). It was hypothesized that Korean adults with DCD would exhibit higher body mass index and lower ratings in physical activity and psychological characteristics than TD, consistent with the previous studies performed in other countries on children. The results showed no statistically significant differences between the DCD and TD groups in anthropometric characteristics such as weight (kg), height (cm), and body mass index. The prevalence of walking and biking for daily commuting in daily routines within Korean society might have contributed to the mitigation of anthropometric among individuals with/without DCD. Statistically significant differences were found in physical activity levels at work and recreational settings, as shown in physical activity scores and duration. The DCD group also displayed lower scores across several psychological characteristics, including exercise adherence, intrinsic motivation, self-efficacy, physical self-concept, exercise expectations, and intrinsic regulation. These findings underscore the necessity of incorporating sociocultural dynamics when investigating anthropometric, physical activity, and psychological characteristics in adults with DCD. Their perceived difficulties in fine motor skills were also significantly poor than TD. Future research studies are warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms driving the observed patterns in this study, thus contributing to a more nuanced comprehension of how DCD manifests within specific sociocultural contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Joo Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Mi Nam
- Division of Sports Science, Hanyang University, Ansan-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeol Kim
- Institute of Sport Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ilhyeok Park
- Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaebum Park
- Department of Physical Education, and Advanced Institute of Convergence Science, Institute of Sport Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kun Shim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Republic of Korea
- Department of Kinesiology, and Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Program, The University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
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Tamplain PM, Fears NE, Robinson P, Chatterjee R, Lichtenberg G, Miller HL. #DCD/Dyspraxia in Real Life: Twitter Users' Unprompted Expression of Experiences With Motor Differences. JOURNAL OF MOTOR LEARNING AND DEVELOPMENT 2023; 11:541-554. [PMID: 38274159 PMCID: PMC10810317 DOI: 10.1123/jmld.2023-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Little is known about adults' experiences with developmental coordination disorder (DCD; sometimes also referred to as dyspraxia). Social media is an accessible opportunity for those who identify as dyspraxic or as having DCD to provide valuable insight into the lifespan impact of this condition on functional ability, participation, compensatory strategies, and well-being. We used the Twitter research application programming interface to identify users who self-identified with the keywords Developmental Coordination Disorder, #DCD, #dyspraxic (or # dyspraxia), or clumsy in their profile descriptions between October 10 and November 10, 2021. During that period, 818 tweets were harvested with 524 remaining after removing duplicates (e.g., multiple promotions of a single resource) and unrelated tweets. They were labeled according to motor differences (general motor, coordination, fine motor skills, oral motor skills, manual dexterity, driving, gross motor skills, movement pain and fatigue, posture and balance, and lower extremity); functional impact (advocacy/awareness, support for others, resources, information, and education, intervention, accommodation, and work); or other related topics (stimming and sensory, co-occurrence and diagnostic overlap, cognitive, social and communication speech, and emotional and mental health). The DCD/dyspraxic community has clearly identified a lifelong impact of motor differences across multiple contexts. DCD/dyspraxic Twitter users shared compensatory strategies that could help others, and offered insight into their experience of co-occurring conditions and cognitive/emotional sequelae of motor challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila M Tamplain
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Nicholas E Fears
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Promise Robinson
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Riya Chatterjee
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Haylie L Miller
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Tal-Saban M, Weintraub N. "The clumsiness is always present": Parents perspectives of their adolescents with pDCD. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2023; 139:104560. [PMID: 37364527 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2023.104560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study elicited the perspectives of parents of adolescents with probable Developmental Coordination Disorder (pDCD) of the implications of DCD on their adolescents' daily-life and the parents' coping strategies and future concerns. METHODS Using a phenomenological approach and thematic analysis, we conducted a focus group including 7 parents of adolescents with pDCD aged 12-18 yrs. FINDINGS Three major themes emerged from the data: (a) Manifestation and implications of DCD; Parents described the performance challenges and strengths of their adolescents; (b) Discrepancy in perceptions of DCD: Parents described a gap between them and their children's, and between the parents themselves, in their views of the child's difficulties; (c) Diagnosis of DCD and strategies for overcoming its implications: Parents' expressed the pros and cons of labeling and described strategies they used to assist their children. CONCLUSIONS It appears that adolescents with pDCD continue to experience performance limitations in daily-life activities, and psychosocial difficulties. Yet, parents and their adolescents do not always view these limitations in a similar manner. Therefore, it is important that clinicians obtain information from both parents and their adolescents'. These results may assist in developing a client-centered intervention protocol for parents and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miri Tal-Saban
- The Neuro-Developmental Disabilities and Writing Research Laboratory, School of Occupational Therapy, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Naomi Weintraub
- The Neuro-Developmental Disabilities and Writing Research Laboratory, School of Occupational Therapy, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
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Evans JO, Tsaneva-Atanasova K, Buckingham G. Using immersive virtual reality to remotely examine performance differences between dominant and non-dominant hands. VIRTUAL REALITY 2023; 27:1-16. [PMID: 37360802 PMCID: PMC10162902 DOI: 10.1007/s10055-023-00794-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Circle drawing may be a useful task to study upper-limb function in patient populations. However, previous studies rely on expensive and bulky robotics to measure performance. For clinics or hospitals with limited budgets and space, this may be unfeasible. Virtual reality (VR) provides a portable and low-cost tool with integrated motion capture. It offers potentially a more feasible medium by which to assess upper-limb motor function. Prior to use with patient populations, it is important to validate and test the capabilities of VR with healthy users. This study examined whether a VR-based circle drawing task, completed remotely using participant's own devices, could capture differences between movement kinematics of the dominant and non-dominant hands in healthy individuals. Participants (n = 47) traced the outline of a circle presented on their VR head-mounted displays with each hand, while the positions of the hand-held controllers were continuously recorded. Although there were no differences observed in the size or roundness of circles drawn with each hand, consistent with prior literature our results did show that the circles drawn with the dominant hand were completed faster than those with the non-dominant hand. This provides preliminary evidence that a VR-based circle drawing task may be a feasible method for detecting subtle differences in function in clinical populations. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10055-023-00794-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Owen Evans
- Department of Public Health and Sport Sciences, Richards Building, Magdalen Road, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon EX2 4TA UK
| | - Krasimira Tsaneva-Atanasova
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD UK
- EPSRC Hub for Quantitative Modelling in Healthcare, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD UK
| | - Gavin Buckingham
- Department of Public Health and Sport Sciences, Richards Building, Magdalen Road, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon EX2 4TA UK
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12
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Hunt J, Zwicker J, Godecke E, Raynor A. Assessing children to identify developmental coordination disorder: A survey of occupational therapists in Australia. Aust Occup Ther J 2023. [PMID: 36823758 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1630.12864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developmental coordination disorder (DCD), a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder with motor and psychosocial consequences, can significantly impact children's quality of life. In Australia, most children with diagnosed/suspected DCD have received occupational therapy services, more so than any other health service. As such, occupational therapists are key in identification and treatment and require a sound knowledge of diagnostic criteria and the best evidence for practice. This study explored current occupational therapy services for children with DCD. Areas for development are identified to improve the identification of, and subsequent intervention for, children with DCD. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, an online survey was completed in September and October 2020 by 175 occupational therapists working in Australia. RESULTS Although all therapists worked with children who met the criteria for DCD diagnosis, 70% worked with children with no specific diagnosis and 50% worked with children with outdated diagnostic labels. Australian occupational therapists used similar models/frameworks (commonly a multisensory/sensory processing approach) to guide practice with children with DCD, regardless of therapist characteristics, practice setting (clinic/community, rural/urban), how therapy is funded, or the state where the therapists completed their training/currently practiced. Although assessment practices did not differ significantly, therapists with greater years of paediatric practice and those who studied and/or practiced in Western Australia were more likely to assess to identify DCD. Half of the therapists did not assess to identify DCD; however, 60% of assessing therapists reported best practice methods in assessment for DCD, indicating emerging best practices in the Australian context. CONCLUSION The findings from this study suggest that small adaptations to current occupational therapy practice may enhance the early identification of children with DCD in Australia. The existing gaps in evidence to practice must be addressed to improve current Australian practice and increase access to appropriate services and ultimately improve the quality of life for children with DCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqui Hunt
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
| | - Jill Zwicker
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Erin Godecke
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia.,Sir Charles Gairdner Osborne Park Health Care Group, North Metropolitan Health Service, Perth, Australia
| | - Annette Raynor
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Centre for Human Performance, Edith Cowan University, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
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Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD): Relevance for clinical psychologists in Europe. CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY IN EUROPE 2022; 4:e4165. [PMID: 36397944 PMCID: PMC9667416 DOI: 10.32872/cpe.4165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder primarily characterized by fine and gross motor coordination difficulties. Yet, many aspects remain unclear regarding the clinical presentation of secondary symptoms and their implications for Clinical Psychology. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to provide an update about the current understanding of DCD for clinical psychologists and psychotherapists across Europe, particularly based on new insights stemming from the last decade of research. Method We provide a narrative review of articles published in the last decade on the topic of DCD, and relevant aspects to clinical psychologist, including lesser known aspects of DCD (e.g., executive functions, psychological consequences, and adult DCD). Results DCD is a highly prevalent, disruptive, and complex disorder, which should be investigated further in many areas (e.g., co-occurrence to ADHD). Existing evidence points toward a key role of executive functioning difficulties at all ages. Most patients report secondary psychological problems, but little headway has been made in examining the effectiveness of psychotherapy for DCD. Conclusions Insights and remaining research gaps are discussed. It is critical for psychologists and clinical researchers to raise awareness for DCD, take note of the growing literature, and foster continued interdisciplinary approaches to research and treatment of DCD. Awareness about Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is low among some European Psychologists. Growing knowledge about DCD should be disseminated among psychotherapists.
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Emotional and behavioral problems in Japanese preschool children with motor coordination difficulties: the role of autistic traits. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2022; 31:979-990. [PMID: 33566188 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-021-01732-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
There has been little research on whether younger children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) symptoms have an increased risk for emotional and behavioral problems. This study examined whether coordination difficulties are associated with emotional and behavioral problems (emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention, peer problems, reduced prosocial behavior) in preschool children and the role of autistic traits in this association. Data (N = 1042, age 58-71 months) were analyzed from the Tama Children's Survey (TCS). The Little Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (LDCDQ) was used to measure coordination difficulty symptoms. Information was obtained on emotional/behavioral problems using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and on autistic traits with the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS). Higher autistic traits were based on SRS cutoff scores (53.5 for boys and 52.5 for girls). Logistic regression analysis was used to assess associations between the variables. In adjusted models, children with probable DCD (pDCD) were significantly more likely to score above the clinical thresholds on all SDQ emotional/behavioral domains. However, nearly all of these associations became nonsignificant after including autistic traits in the analysis. Additional analyses showed that children with pDCD with higher autistic traits had significantly increased odds for emotional problems (odds ratio [OR]: 4.47, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.52-13.19), hyperactivity/inattention (OR: 3.74, 95% CI: 1.45-9.64), peer problems (OR: 15.81, 95% CI: 5.96-41.99), and total difficulties (OR: 28.78, 95% CI: 7.23-114.57), compared to children with pDCD alone. These results indicate that the increased risk of emotional/behavioral difficulties in preschool children with pDCD might be mediated by autistic traits.
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Cognitive Profiles of Children with Low Motor Performance: A Contribution to the Validation of the WPPSI-IV. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9050619. [PMID: 35626796 PMCID: PMC9139465 DOI: 10.3390/children9050619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a common developmental disorder of preschool age. Children often show cognitive deficits in addition to motor problems. Various studies point in particular to problems in visual perception, working memory and processing speed. In this context, it is investigated whether the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale-IV (WPPSI-IV) is a suitable instrument for mapping these deficits in a valid and economical way. (2) Methods: The WPPSI-IV profiles of children with DCD (n = 12), below-average motor performance (n = 22) and a control group (n = 32) were compared. (3) Results: Children with DCD achieved significantly poorer test performance in the primary indices Verbal Comprehension, Visual Spatial, Processing Speed and Full Scale compared to a control group. Children with below-average motor skills, on the other hand, do not differ from the children in the control group. (4) Conclusions: The WPPSI-IV is a suitable instrument for diagnosing cognitive deficits in the context of DCD. The Fluid Reasoning and Verbal Comprehension indices should be used as a supplement to assess cognitive performance levels.
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Lust JM, Adams ILJ, Reinders‐Messelink HA, Luijckx J, Schoemaker MM, Steenbergen B. The diagnostic trajectory of developmental coordination disorder in the Netherlands: Experiences of mothers. Child Care Health Dev 2022; 48:139-149. [PMID: 34528720 PMCID: PMC9292148 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Receiving a diagnosis can have a major impact on the child and its family. Parental satisfaction concerning the diagnostic trajectory is important with regard to acceptance and coping with their child's problems. Our aim was to describe the diagnostic trajectory of developmental coordination disorder (DCD) in the Netherlands and identify factors that are related to parents' satisfaction. METHOD Mothers of 60 children with a DCD diagnosis completed an online survey concerning their experiences during and after the diagnostic trajectory of obtaining this diagnosis. RESULTS Forty percent of the mothers rated the diagnostic trajectory towards a DCD diagnosis as stressful and 47% rated the knowledgeability of the first professional they consulted (mostly a general practitioner, paediatric physical therapist, or youth health care physician) as having no or just superficial knowledge about DCD. Around 60% of the mothers described a lack of knowledge and support at their child's school after receiving the diagnosis. Notwithstanding this, the majority of the participating mothers was (very) satisfied with the diagnostic trajectory. Higher appreciation of both the manner of the diagnosing professional and the post-diagnostic support provided were predictive of higher satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS Our results underline the importance of improving the knowledgeability in primary schools and primary health care professionals with regard to DCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M. Lust
- Behavioural Science Institute (BSI)Radboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Imke L. J. Adams
- Behavioural Science Institute (BSI)Radboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Heleen A. Reinders‐Messelink
- Rehabilitation Center ‘Revalidatie Friesland’BeetsterzwaagThe Netherlands,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Center for Human Movement SciencesGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Joli Luijckx
- Balans, Parents Association for Children With Developmental DisordersDe BiltThe Netherlands
| | - Marina M. Schoemaker
- University Medical Center Groningen, Centre for Human Movement SciencesUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Bert Steenbergen
- Behavioural Science Institute (BSI)Radboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands,Centre for Disability and Development Research (CeDDR), School of Behavioural and Health SciencesAustralian Catholic UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia
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Hua J, Williams GJ, Jin H, Chen J, Xu M, Zhou Y, Gu G, Du W. Early Motor Milestones in Infancy and Later Motor Impairments: A Population-Based Data Linkage Study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:809181. [PMID: 35173640 PMCID: PMC8841506 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.809181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental condition with high prevalence. Early motor milestones are important markers to identify DCD. The current study aims to evaluate the association between the onset of crawling and independent walking and their transition pattern during infancy and later motor impairments. METHODS A total of 8,395 children aged 3-6 years old in China were included in the final analysis. A parent questionnaire was used to collect early milestone onset data. Children's motor performance was measured using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2nd edition (MABC-2). The association between motor milestones and motor impairment was analyzed using a multilevel regression model. RESULTS The result showed that a 1-month delay in crawling onset increased the risk of significant overall motor impairment by 5.3, and 14.0% when adjusting for child and family characteristics. A 1-month delay in walking onset increased the risk of significant overall motor, fine, gross, and balance impairment by 21.7, 8.3, 13.3, and 17.8%. A 1 month increase in the transition time from crawling to independent walking increased the risk of significant overall motor and gross motor impairment by 7.7 and 6.6%. These results were inconsistent across different age bands (each p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that even a mild delay in crawling and walking onsets in infancy increase the risk for subsequent motor impairments in childhood, and children with motor impairments revealed a different transition pattern from crawling to walking. The motor abilities of children with motor impairments can be observed to diverge from typically developing children as early as 6-8 months old. The findings can facilitate the early identification of motor impairments in children, and provide early signs to initiate intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hua
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gareth J Williams
- School of Social Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Hua Jin
- Health Care Department of Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Juan Chen
- KLATASDS-MOE, School of Statistics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Manyun Xu
- KLATASDS-MOE, School of Statistics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingchun Zhou
- KLATASDS-MOE, School of Statistics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guixiong Gu
- Pediatrics Research Institution of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenchong Du
- NTU Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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18
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Morris B, Ogden J, Gentle J. Experiences of adult siblings of those with developmental coordination disorder (DCD): a qualitative study. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02550-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThis qualitative study explored the childhood experiences of growing up with a sibling with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) to offer an ‘outsider’s’ view of this condition. Ten individuals who had grown up with a sibling with DCD were interviewed about their experiences. Data were analysed using Thematic Analysis. Analysis described three main themes: i)‘witnessing the challenges for their sibling with DCD’ ii) ‘experiencing the impact on the family’; iii) ‘a vacuum of knowledge’. Not all experiences were negative and transcending these themes was the notion ‘resolution and finding benefit’ highlighting access to support, being more empathic and resilient, becoming a role model for others and finding success. Participants play witness to their sibling’s experiences which can often be negative sometimes impacted by a vacuum of knowledge but they also describe how a diagnosis of DCD comes with some benefits which are discussed in the context of ‘posttraumatic growth’.
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Tal-Saban M, Ornoy A, Parush S. Participation of soldiers with DCD in the military. MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/08995605.2021.1968288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miri Tal-Saban
- School of Occupational Therapy, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Asher Ornoy
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Laboratory of Teratology,Hebrew University, Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shula Parush
- School of Occupational Therapy, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
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The unmet clinical needs of children with developmental coordination disorder. Pediatr Res 2021; 90:826-831. [PMID: 33504966 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-021-01373-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to understand the challenges experienced by families obtaining a diagnosis and therapy for developmental coordination disorder (DCD). METHODS Parents of 435 children aged 4-18 years with persistent motor difficulties consistent with a diagnosis of DCD completed an online survey. Diagnostic timeline and diagnostic label/s received were examined, along with therapies accessed. RESULTS There was inconsistent diagnostic terminology (nine separate terms) with more children diagnosed with dyspraxia (64.7%) than DCD (48.8%). Even though most parents (87.0%) reported that receiving a diagnosis was helpful, children did not receive a diagnosis until years after seeking help (mean 2.8 ± 2.3 years). Many children were diagnosed with at least one co-occurring neurodevelopmental, language or learning disorder (70.0%). Almost all families had accessed therapy for their child's movement difficulties (93.9%), but more than half did not have access to funding to support therapy costs (57.8%) and reported that the costs caused financial strain (52.6%). Two out of every three families reported that they did not feel the current level of therapy was sufficient. CONCLUSIONS This critical advocacy research highlights inconsistent and incorrect terminology and the challenges families experience in obtaining a diagnosis and adequate access to therapy for their child's movement difficulties. IMPACT This is the first comprehensive study to examine the challenges families experience gaining a diagnosis and therapy for their child with DCD. Families regularly experienced prolonged diagnosis; 45% waited between 2 and 4 years. There is no clear diagnostic pathway, with children more likely to be diagnosed with dyspraxia than the correct clinical diagnosis of DCD. More extensive implementation of the diagnostic guidelines into clinical practice is needed.
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21
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Smits-Engelsman B, Verbecque E. Pediatric care for children with Developmental Coordination Disorder, can we do better? Biomed J 2021; 45:250-264. [PMID: 34482014 PMCID: PMC9250084 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2021.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper adopts a method of narrative critical review based on a non-systematic search of the literature to provide insights into the trends of developmental coordination disorder (DCD) treatment and to point out some future alternative approaches to prevent secondary health implications in children with DCD. The cause of DCD is unknown, but evidence suggests that these children have atypical brain structure and function. Interventions to help children cope with their activity limitations are effective in improving motor competence and motor skill related fitness in the short term. Although activity-orientated interventions can improve motor outcomes in children with DCD, high quality intervention trials and evaluation of long-term effects are urgently needed. Importantly, motor coordination problems associated with DCD extend to exercise-related activities leading to reduced participation in play and sports, which causes secondary problems in muscular fitness and body composition. Hence, treatment goals should not be limited to the improvement of motor skills (in ADL), but should also focus on health-related quality of life. We therefore propose when noticing motor problems in a child, already before enrolling but also during intervention, to explore ways to adapt everyday physical activities to optimally match the child's skill level. Hence, such activities will not only train the skills and improve physical fitness but will lead to positive engagement, thereby preventing the child from opting out of active play and sports. This provides the child with chances for exercise-dependent learning and will also positively impact social-emotional well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bouwien Smits-Engelsman
- Department of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University, Cape Town, South Africa; Physical Activity, Sport and Recreation, Faculty Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
| | - Evi Verbecque
- Rehabilitation Research Centre (REVAL), Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Hasselt University, Belgium, Agoralaan Building A, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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Cleaton MAM, Tal-Saban M, Hill EL, Kirby A. Gender and age differences in the presentation of at-risk or probable Developmental Coordination Disorder in adults. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2021; 115:104010. [PMID: 34139601 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.104010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD), also called Dyspraxia, is a common Neurodevelopmental Disorder (NDD) that affects motor coordination with a marked impact on both academic and day-to-day living activities. It is increasingly clear that NDDs such as Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder may present differently in males and females, resulting in underdiagnoses of women and girls. AIMS To consider age and gender differences in the presentation of at-risk and probable DCD. METHODS AND PROCEDURES A sample of 1,476 adults aged 16-60 years were surveyed online using the Adult DCD Checklist. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Women with at-risk (n = 1 8 6, 1 6. 6 %) or probable DCD (n = 6 4 3, 5 6. 6 %) reported significantly greater gross motor and non-motor difficulties and significantly greater impact on activities and participation, whereas men with at-risk (n = 58,16.3 %) or probable (n = 177,49.9 %), DCD reported significantly greater fine motor difficulties. Emerging adults (aged 16-25 years) with at-risk (n = 65,14.3 %) or probable (293,64.3 %) DCD reported significantly greater non-motor difficulty than adults (aged 26-60+ years) with at-risk (n = 179,17.5 %) or probable (n = 518, 50.8 %) DCD. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Both age and gender differences were found in the presentation of at-risk and probable DCD in adults. This may have implications for the development of future DCD assessment tools and for the training of front-line staff who may encounter individuals with DCD throughout their lives, including teachers, doctors and employers' Human Resources and Occupational Health staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary A M Cleaton
- Do-IT Solutions Ltd., Ocean Park House, East Tyndall Street, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Miri Tal-Saban
- School of Occupational Therapy, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Elisabeth L Hill
- Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda Kirby
- Do-IT Solutions Ltd., Ocean Park House, East Tyndall Street, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
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Children and young people's experiences of living with developmental coordination disorder/dyspraxia: A systematic review and meta-ethnography of qualitative research. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245738. [PMID: 33661934 PMCID: PMC7932121 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To date services for children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) have not been informed by the perspective of children with DCD. This study aimed to synthesise the findings of discrete qualitative studies reporting the lived experiences views and preferences of children and young with DCD using a meta-ethnographic approach to develop new conceptual understandings. Methods A systematic search of ten databases; Academic Search Complete, AMED, CINAHL, ERIC, MEDLINE, PsychArticles, PsychInfo, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science, was conducted between March and April 2019, and updated in early June 2020. Meta-ethnography, following the method described by Noblit and Hare was used to synthesise included studies. The Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist was used to appraise all included papers. PROSPERO registration number CRD42019129178. Results Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Meta-ethnographic synthesis produced three themes; a) ‘It’s harder than it should be’: Navigating daily activities b) Fitting in, and c) ‘So what? I drop things’: Strategies and supports to mitigate challenges. Children with DCD describe a mismatch between their abilities and performance norms for daily activities that led to a cascade of negative consequences including negative self-appraisal, bullying and exclusion. In the face of these difficulties children described creative and successful strategies they enacted and supports they accessed including; assistance from others (parents, friends and teachers), focusing on their strengths and talents, accepting and embracing their difference, adopting a “just do it” attitude, setting personal goals, self-exclusion from some social activities, using humour or sarcasm, viewing performance expectations as a social construct, and enjoying friendships as a forum for fun, acceptance and protection against exclusion. Conclusion Service provision for children and young people with DCD should address the social and attitudinal environments, focus on friendship and social inclusion and address stigma-based bullying particularly within the school environment. Furthermore, practitioners should identify and foster children’s own strategies for navigating daily life activities with DCD. The identified themes resonate with contemporary disability theory and the International Classification of Functioning. The social and attitudinal environmental context of children and young people with DCD profoundly influences their experiences. Future intervention development and service provision for children and young people with DCD should consider opportunities to address social and attitudinal environmental factors.
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Hunt J, Zwicker JG, Godecke E, Raynor A. Awareness and knowledge of developmental coordination disorder: A survey of caregivers, teachers, allied health professionals and medical professionals in Australia. Child Care Health Dev 2021; 47:174-183. [PMID: 33140459 PMCID: PMC7894302 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To allow for accurate and timely diagnosis of developmental coordination disorder (DCD) key stakeholders must be familiar with and be able to identify features of this disorder. No studies to date have investigated the awareness of DCD among key stakeholders in Australia. METHODS An online survey was complete by 494 Australian participants: primary caregivers (n = 153), teachers (n = 149), allied health professionals (n = 165) and medical professionals (n = 27). RESULTS DCD and related terms were among the least known childhood disorders. Approximately half of the sample were familiar with the term DCD but every stakeholder group were more familiar with the term dyspraxia. Allied health professionals demonstrated greater knowledge of the features of DCD, particularly motor features. Every stakeholder group showed poor recognition of the social and psychological effects of DCD. A relatively low percentage of allied health (53%) and medical (33%) professionals reported they had identified or diagnosed DCD and less than 20% of these felt that the DSM-5 contained adequate information to make a DCD diagnosis. Most teachers (82%) believed they should play a role in identifying early warning signs of this disorder, and 80% believed there are children in the school system who were labelled as lazy or defiant when they have motor skills impairments. Primary caregivers were supportive of a diagnosis of DCD being provided; however, only 16% were confident that a physician would provide an accurate and timely diagnosis. CONCLUSION Key stakeholders play a unique and important role in the identification of children with DCD. Though most participants acknowledge the role that they play, all stakeholder groups demonstrated poor familiarity with the term DCD and low levels of knowledge about the features of this disorder. Improved familiarity and knowledge of the disorder is needed for access to appropriate services and improved long-term outcomes for this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqui Hunt
- School of Medical and Health SciencesEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Jill G Zwicker
- Department of Occupational Science & Occupational TherapyUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
- Brain, Behaviour, & DevelopmentBC Children's Hospital Research InstituteVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
- Neuromotor ProgramSunny Hill Health Centre at BC Children's HospitalVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Erin Godecke
- School of Medical and Health SciencesEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Annette Raynor
- School of Medical and Health SciencesEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
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Sumner E, Crane L, Hill EL. Examining academic confidence and study support needs for university students with dyslexia and/or developmental coordination disorder. DYSLEXIA (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2021; 27:94-109. [PMID: 33098245 DOI: 10.1002/dys.1670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Higher education providers are seeing a shift from externally funded support for students with specific learning difficulties (SpLD), to a need to develop more inclusive practices generally. However, the precise needs of students with different SpLD diagnoses is unknown. A total of 367 students in England and Wales (163 students with dyslexia, 50 students with developmental coordination disorder [DCD/"dyspraxia"], 62 students with dyslexia and DCD, and 92 non-SpLD students) completed an online questionnaire to determine: (a) how confident they are with their study-related capabilities, (b) the types of support they access, and (c) their views on current inclusive practices. Students with dyslexia and students with dyslexia/DCD reported lower confidence in their grades and studying than non-SpLD students, and accessed more technology-related support than students with DCD only. Examination accommodations supporting writing were common for all SpLD students. Inclusive practices were perceived positively, although different priorities were seen across groups. The findings demonstrate the complexities inherent in providing effective support for all students at university, with the varied profiles across and within SpLD groups suggesting that an individualized approach is necessary. Practical implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Sumner
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, UCL Institute of Education, University College London, London, UK
| | - Laura Crane
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, UCL Institute of Education, University College London, London, UK
| | - Elisabeth L Hill
- Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, London, UK
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Hua J, Du W, Dai X, Wu M, Cai X, Shen M, Zhu L. International clinical practice recommendations on the definition, diagnosis, assessment, intervention, and psychosocial aspects of developmental coordination disorder - Chinese (Mandarin) translation. Dev Med Child Neurol 2020; 61. [PMID: 33249559 PMCID: PMC7839484 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.14693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
目的本国际临床指南由欧洲残疾儿童学会(the European Academy of Childhood Disability,EACD)牵头制定,旨在解决发育性协调障碍(developmental coordination disorder,DCD)的定义、诊断、评估、干预以及与社会心理方面的临床应用关键问题。方法本指南针对五个领域的关键问题,通过文献综述和专家团队的正式讨论达成共识。为保证指南的循证基础,以“机制”、“评估”和“干预”为检索词, 对2012年更新以来提出的最新建议以及新增的“社会心理问题”和“青少年/成人”为检索词进行检索。根据牛津大学循证医学中心证据等级 (证据水平 [level of evidence, LOE]1–4) 将结果进行分类,最终转化为指南建议。并由国际、多学科专家小组举行了两次会议,5个回合的Delphi 专家问卷调查,制定了高质量临床应用实践 (good clinical practice,GCP) 。结果本指南共制定35条建议。其中8条以文献综述为依据 (3 条涉及“评估”,5条涉及“干预”); 22 条在 2012 年指南的基础上进行了更新;其他为涉及诊断、评估 (3条GCP) 及社会心理问题 (2 条 GCP) 的新建议。此外,其中有1条(LOE)新建议提出视频游戏可作为以活动和参与为导向的传统干预措施的辅助手段,并针对青少年和成人DCD提出了 2 条新建议 (1 条 GCP,1 条 LOE)。结论本指南是基于当前的研究证据和专家共识对DCD进行全面概述。它反映了不同学科临床和科研人员的最新科技水平。本国际指南可作为各国制定指南的基础。
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hua
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Wenchong Du
- Department of PsychologyNottingham Trent UniversityNottinghamUK
| | - Xiaotian Dai
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Meiqin Wu
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xianying Cai
- Yangzhi Rehabilitation HospitalTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Min Shen
- Yangzhi Rehabilitation HospitalTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Liping Zhu
- Shanghai Center for Women and Children’s HealthShanghaiChina
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Barnett AL, Prunty M. Handwriting Difficulties in Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). CURRENT DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40474-020-00216-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Tamplain P, Miller HL. What Can We Do to Promote Mental Health Among Individuals With Developmental Coordination Disorder? CURRENT DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS REPORTS 2020; 8:24-31. [PMID: 34306965 DOI: 10.1007/s40474-020-00209-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of the Review It is well-documented that individuals with DCD experience mental health problems, in both psychosocial and psychiatric domains. In this review, we propose a series of diverse options to improve mental health among individuals with DCD. Recent Findings Despite recognition of mental health problems in DCD, relatively little work has been done to develop effective interventions. There is an urgent need for action in this matter. We present and discuss options based on a societal perspective (awareness and understanding), parental perspective (access to services and resources), and child perspective (participation). Summary In order to improve mental health, interventions must take into account multiple levels in a complex framework that includes community, family, and the individual. While more research on intervention effectiveness is necessary, researchers, practitioners, and community advocates can use existing initiatives as a starting point to address the urgent need for improving mental health in DCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Tamplain
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, 500 W Nedderman Dr, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Haylie L Miller
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX 76109, USA
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O'Dea Á, Coote S, Robinson K. Children and young people's experiences of living with developmental coordination disorder/dyspraxia: study protocol for a qualitative evidence synthesis. HRB Open Res 2020; 2:28. [DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.12958.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) face significant challenges to deal with everyday activities due to underlying motor proficiency difficulties. These challenges affect children and young people’s participation; that is, involvement in daily life situations. A small body of qualitative research has explored the experiences of children and young people with DCD from their own perspective. Therfore, understanding what it is like to live with DCD is not well conceptualised in the literature. There is a pressing need to synthesise the findings of discrete qualitative studies to advance the conceptual understanding of living with DCD, to inform health service delivery and the development and implementation of complex interventions. Aim This study aims to systematically review and synthesise qualitative literature regarding children and young people’s experiences and views of everyday life and living with DCD. Methods The method of qualitative evidence synthesis that will be followed in this review is a meta-ethnography. The eMERGe and PRISMA reporting guidelines will be adhered to. Ten databases will be searched; Academic Search Complete, AMED, CINAHL, ERIC, MEDLINE, PsychArticles, PsychInfo, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science. The Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist will be used by two independent reviewers to appraise all included papers. Discussion The findings of this meta-ethnography will endeavour to inform future research, policy and practice. In particular, the results will help to inform the design of future complex interventions to meet the needs of children and young people with DCD. Dissemination will involve the publication of the results in a peer-reviewed journal. Increasingly researchers and policymakers are calling for services to be informed by the perspective and voice of children with DCD. Therefore, a policy brief will be published so that the findings are widely available. Registration: PROSPERO registration number CRD42019129178; registered on 09 July 2019.
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Ferreira L, Gabbard C, Vieira JL, Tamplain P. Associations Between the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire - Brazilian Version (DCDQ-BR) and Motor Competence in School-Age Children. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr 2020; 40:121-133. [PMID: 31544582 DOI: 10.1080/01942638.2019.1665154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Aim: Parental screening of children's motor skills can be helpful for early identification of Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). The present study examined the associations between the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire - Brazilian version (DCDQ-BR) and motor competence in school-age children.Methods: 707 children (332 boys, 375 girls) aged between 6- to 10-years and one of their parents participated in the study. Parents completed the DCDQ-BR and children's motor competence was determined using the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency - 2nd edition (BOT-2).Results: The agreement between the BOT-2 and DCDQ-BR results was comparable across age, ranging from 74-84 percent. In general, there were low- to moderate correlations between all aspects of the parent report and children's motor competence. Sensitivity and specificity of the DCDQ-BR were 70% and 81%, respectively. Overall, boys had higher motor competence than girls, but parent reports were similar for gender.Conclusions: Parental assessment of their child's motor ability is moderately associated with motor competence, and this association is similar for boys and girls, even though boys scored higher in motor competence. Our findings suggest that it may be possible to reduce the length of clinical assessment by only testing children that flag as suspect for DCD in the DCDQ-BR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Ferreira
- Department of Physical Education, State University of Maringa, Maringa, Pr, Brazil.,Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
| | - Carl Gabbard
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - José Luiz Vieira
- Department of Physical Education, State University of Maringa, Maringa, Pr, Brazil.,Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Catholic University of Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Priscila Tamplain
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
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Schell S, Roth K, Duchow H. Developmental Coordination Disorder in Alberta: A Journey into Knowledge Translation. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr 2020; 40:294-310. [PMID: 31554448 DOI: 10.1080/01942638.2019.1664704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Aim: Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a motor disorder affecting coordination and performance in daily tasks. Studies regarding design and implementation of knowledge translation strategies effecting DCD practice changes in pediatric rehabilitation settings is limited and DCD remains under-recognized and under-diagnosed with an under-utilization of evidence-based practice. This knowledge-to-practice gap was identified in central Alberta, Canada when a lower caseload of clients with DCD and a lower rate of DCD referrals to a neurodevelopmental assessment clinic was observed, given its 5-6% prevalence in children. This paper describes and discusses the development and implementation of a replicable process of knowledge translation for integrating DCD evidence into frontline practice.Methods: Structures such as the Knowledge to Action framework were retrofitted and used to describe activities that occurred during the knowledge translation process. Main activities consisted of: information dissemination; education; addition of DCD to a neurodevelopmental assessment clinic; and development of a Community of Practice. Outcome evaluation methods included surveys, interviews, referral tracking, and database creation.Results: Knowledge translation strategy implementation resulted in increased knowledge among clinicians and community stakeholders, process standardization, increased referrals querying DCD, established knowledge brokers, and practice change.Conclusion: Pre-determined and systematic implementation strategy design is essential for embedding evidence into frontline practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Schell
- Alberta Health Services, Central Zone East, Children's Rehabilitation Services, Camrose, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kayla Roth
- Alberta Health Services, Central Zone East, Children's Rehabilitation Services, Camrose, Alberta, Canada
| | - Holly Duchow
- Alberta Health Services, Central Zone East, Children's Rehabilitation Services, Camrose, Alberta, Canada
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Camden C, Couture M, Pratte G, Morin M, Roberge P, Poder T, Maltais DB, Jasmin E, Hurtubise K, Ducreux E, Léger F, Zwicker J, Berbari J, Fallon F, Tousignant M. Recruitment, use, and satisfaction with a web platform supporting families of children with suspected or diagnosed developmental coordination disorder: a randomized feasibility trial. Dev Neurorehabil 2019; 22:470-478. [PMID: 30273508 DOI: 10.1080/17518423.2018.1523243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Objectives. To determine the feasibility of recruiting families of children with suspected or diagnosed developmental coordination disorder (sdDCD) and explore their satisfaction with a web-based intervention Design. A feasibility randomized trial was conducted. Participants were the parents of 5-12-year-old children with sdDCD. The intervention group had access to online resources, group and private forums, and videoconferencing with a therapist. Main outcomes were recruitement and retention rates. Satisfaction was documented through a post-intervention survey and interview. Results. The recruitment rate was seven participants per month (n = 28 participants) and retention rate was 68%. Satisfaction was moderate. No differences in use and satisfaction were observed between groups. Participants formulated recommendations for improving the intervention, including targeting families earlier in the diagnosis process, and pre-scheduling meetings with therapists. Conclusions. This study demonstrated the feasibility of future trials, and highlighted avenues for improvement. Parent involvement during the development of the intervention is discussed at length. Abbreviations: DCD: Developmental Coordination Disorder; sdDCD: suspected or diagnosed Developmental Coordination Disorder; RCT: randomized-controled trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Camden
- School of rehabilitation, University of Sherbrooke , Canada
| | | | | | - Mélanie Morin
- School of rehabilitation, University of Sherbrooke , Canada
| | | | - Thomas Poder
- School of rehabilitation, University of Sherbrooke , Canada.,UETMIS and CRCHUS, CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS , Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - France Léger
- Rehabilitation center of the CIUSSS de l'Estrie-CHUS , Canada
| | - Jill Zwicker
- School of rehabilitation, University of British Columbia , Canada
| | - Jade Berbari
- School of rehabilitation, University of Sherbrooke , Canada
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Camden C, Meziane S, Maltais D, Cantin N, Brossard-Racine M, Berbari J, Couture M. Research and knowledge transfer priorities in developmental coordination disorder: Results from consultations with multiple stakeholders. Health Expect 2019; 22:1156-1164. [PMID: 31410957 PMCID: PMC6803561 DOI: 10.1111/hex.12947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Priority-setting is a way to focus research and knowledge translation (KT) efforts for community-based research partnerships (CBRP). OBJECTIVE To identify the developmental coordination disorder (DCD) research and KT priorities of stakeholders in Quebec, Canada, and their perceptions regarding the implementation of a CBRP. DESIGN An advisory committee oversaw the research process including an online survey and four community forums. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS The survey was posted online and four community forums were organized. Participants included parents of children with DCD, adults with DCD, health professionals and school staff. MAIN VARIABLES Stakeholder generated research and KT priorities, and optimal CBPR conditions. OUTCOME MEASURES Participants selected their top five priorities based on a predefined list of 16 research and 12 KT priorities determined in collaboration with the advisory committee. They also rated the importance of various CBRP conditions. Preliminary survey results were discussed during the forums. RESULTS Survey participants (n = 395) identified interwoven research and KT priorities where access to services was considered to be essential: supporting children at school; improving DCD identification and diagnosis; preventing secondary consequences; improving the organization of services and implementing effective services. Forum participants (n = 52) confirmed the relevance of these priorities and supported the establishment of a CBRP inclusive of all stakeholders to improve DCD services, research and KT. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS A general consensus emerged among all groups, but adults with DCD were more concerned with employment than were the other stakeholder groups. These findings are presently being used to shape an ongoing, online CBRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Camden
- School of Rehabilitation, Université de Sherbrooke, Research Centre from the CR CHUS, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | - Noémi Cantin
- Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Jade Berbari
- School of Rehabilitation, Université de Sherbrooke, Research Centre from the CR CHUS, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Mélanie Couture
- School of Rehabilitation, Université de Sherbrooke, Research Centre from the CR CHUS, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
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Smith M, Banwell HA, Ward E, Williams CM. Determining the clinical knowledge and practice of Australian podiatrists on children with developmental coordination disorder: a cross-sectional survey. J Foot Ankle Res 2019; 12:42. [PMID: 31423153 PMCID: PMC6693096 DOI: 10.1186/s13047-019-0353-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a common condition in children affecting motor coordination. This impacts on academic performance, and activities of daily living. Literature surrounding interventions for DCD has focused mostly on physical and occupational therapies. However, it is known that children with DCD present to podiatrists as these children often also have abnormalities in lower limb functioning associated with the condition. This study aimed to determine current knowledge of Australian podiatrists regarding presentation, assessment, and management of children with developmental coordination disorder. Methods A single-round survey, developed using SurveyMonkey®, was completed by a sample of Australian podiatrists. Data were collected through either online or paper means. Participants were asked about their familiarity with DCD and depending on their response, were directed via skip logic to questions on presentation, assessment and management strategies of DCD in children. Participants were also asked about their willingness and preferences for further education on DCD. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the data. Results There were 365 Australian podiatrists who completed the survey. There were 30% (n = 109) who reported being familiar with DCD as a diagnosis, while a further 37% (n = 134) reported familiarity with alternate or outdated terminology associated with the DCD diagnosis. Participants who were familiar with DCD or terminology relating to DCD, showed good knowledge of signs and symptoms associated with DCD. Both familiar and unfamiliar participants favoured referral to other health professionals over completing assessments. Common podiatric management strategies such as footwear advice, orthoses, and strength training were the most frequently chosen by both groups, despite current evidence only supporting strength training as an intervention. Participants were willing to receive education on DCD through a range of both online and in-person mediums. Conclusion The majority of Australian podiatrists were unfamiliar with DCD, despite its prevalence and symptomology falling within the podiatric scope. However, participants did overwhelmingly show willingness to receive further education on DCD. Further research should consider understanding the role of podiatrists in the assessment and management of children with DCD and the impact of the type of treatment strategies that may be provided. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13047-019-0353-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell Smith
- 1School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5001 Australia.,2International Centre for Allied Health Evidence, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5001 Australia
| | - Helen A Banwell
- 1School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5001 Australia.,2International Centre for Allied Health Evidence, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5001 Australia
| | - Emily Ward
- 1School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5001 Australia
| | - Cylie M Williams
- 1School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5001 Australia.,3Allied Health, Peninsula Health, Frankston, Victoria 3199 Australia.,4School of Primary and Allied Health, Monash University, Frankston, Victoria 3199 Australia
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Omer S, Jijon AM, Leonard HC. Research Review: Internalising symptoms in developmental coordination disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2019; 60:606-621. [PMID: 30485419 PMCID: PMC7379561 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) affects 5%-6% of children. There is growing evidence that DCD is associated with greater levels of internalising symptoms (i.e. depression and anxiety). This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the magnitude of this effect, the quality of the evidence and potential moderators. METHODS A systematic search was conducted to identify studies reporting a comparison between individuals with DCD/probable DCD and typically developing (TD) individuals on measures of internalising symptoms. A pooled effect size (Hedges g) was calculated using random-effects meta-analysis. Study quality, publication bias and potential moderators of the effect were explored. RESULTS Twenty studies, including a total of 23 subsamples, met the inclusion criteria, of which 22 subsamples were included in the meta-analysis (DCD: n = 1123; TD: n = 7346). A significant, moderate effect of DCD on internalising symptoms was found (g = 0.61). This effect remained robust after accounting for publication bias and excluding lower quality studies. The effect was significantly larger in studies utilising a cross-sectional design (vs. longitudinal), convenience sampling (vs. population screening) and a majority male sample. CONCLUSIONS The findings demonstrate that individuals with DCD experience greater levels of internalising symptoms than their peers. This highlights the importance of routine screening for emotional difficulties in DCD, raising awareness of the condition in mental health services and developing psychosocial interventions that extend beyond a focus on motor impairments. However, there is a need for higher quality, longitudinal studies to better understand the causal relationship between DCD and internalising symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serif Omer
- School of PsychologyUniversity of SurreyGuildfordSurreyUK
| | - Ana M. Jijon
- School of PsychologyUniversity of SurreyGuildfordSurreyUK
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Pedro A, Goldschmidt T. Managing dyspraxia: Pre-school teachers’ perceptions, experiences and strategies. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY IN AFRICA 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2019.1603346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Athena Pedro
- Department of Psychology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Tessa Goldschmidt
- Department of Psychology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
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Blank R, Barnett AL, Cairney J, Green D, Kirby A, Polatajko H, Rosenblum S, Smits‐Engelsman B, Sugden D, Wilson P, Vinçon S. International clinical practice recommendations on the definition, diagnosis, assessment, intervention, and psychosocial aspects of developmental coordination disorder. Dev Med Child Neurol 2019; 61:242-285. [PMID: 30671947 PMCID: PMC6850610 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.14132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 358] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM These international clinical practice recommendations (CPR) for developmental coordination disorder (DCD), initiated by the European Academy of Childhood Disability (EACD), aim to address key questions on the definition, diagnosis, assessment, intervention, and psychosocial aspects of DCD relevant for clinical practice. METHOD Key questions in five areas were considered through literature reviews and formal expert consensus. For recommendations based on evidence, literature searches on 'mechanisms', 'assessment', and 'intervention' were updated since the last recommendations in 2012. New searches were conducted for 'psychosocial issues' and 'adolescents/adults'. Evidence was rated according to the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (level of evidence [LOE] 1-4) and transferred into recommendations. For recommendations based on formal consensus, two meetings of an international, multidisciplinary expert panel were conducted with a further five Delphi rounds to develop good clinical practice (GCP) recommendations. RESULTS Thirty-five recommendations were made. Eight were based on the evidence from literature reviews (three on 'assessment', five on 'intervention'). Twenty-two were updated from the 2012 recommendations. New recommendations relate to diagnosis and assessment (two GCPs) and psychosocial issues (three GCPs). Additionally, one new recommendation (LOE) reflects active video games as adjuncts to more traditional activity-oriented and participation-oriented interventions, and two new recommendations (one GCP, one LOE) were made for adolescents and adults with DCD. INTERPRETATION The CPR-DCD is a comprehensive overview of DCD and current understanding based on research evidence and expert consensus. It reflects the state of the art for clinicians and scientists of varied disciplines. The international CPR-DCD may serve as a basis for national guidelines. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS Updated international clinical practice guidelines on developmental coordination disorder (DCD). Refined and extended recommendations on clinical assessment and intervention for DCD. A critical synopsis of current research on mechanisms of DCD. A critical synopsis of psychosocial issues in DCD, with implications for clinical practice. The first international recommendations to consider adolescents and adults with DCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Blank
- Clinic for Child Neurology and Social PediatricsChild Centre MaulbronnMaulbronnGermany
- Heidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany
| | - Anna L Barnett
- Department of Psychology, Health & Professional DevelopmentOxford Brookes UniversityOxfordUK
| | - John Cairney
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical EducationUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
- Department of Family MedicineMcMaster UniversityHamiltonONCanada
| | - Dido Green
- Department of RehabilitationSchool of Health and WelfareJönköping UniversityJönköpingSweden
| | - Amanda Kirby
- Dyscovery CentreUniversity of South WalesNewportUK
| | - Helene Polatajko
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational TherapyRehabilitation Sciences InstituteUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Sara Rosenblum
- Laboratory of Complex Human Activity and ParticipationDepartment of Occupational TherapyUniversity of HaifaHaifaIsrael
| | - Bouwien Smits‐Engelsman
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation ServicesUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
| | - David Sugden
- School of Special Needs EducationUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Peter Wilson
- School of Psychology and Centre for Disability and Development ResearchAustralian Catholic UniversityMelbourneVic.Australia
| | - Sabine Vinçon
- Clinic for Child Neurology and Social PediatricsChild Centre MaulbronnMaulbronnGermany
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Pedro A, Goldschmidt T, Daniels L. Parent-carer awareness and understanding of dyspraxia: Implications for child development support practices. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY IN AFRICA 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2019.1568092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Athena Pedro
- Department of Psychology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Tessa Goldschmidt
- Department of Psychology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Lito Daniels
- Department of Psychology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
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Caçola P, Lage G. Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD): An overview of the condition and research evidence. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-6574201900020001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Cleaton MAM, Lorgelly PK, Kirby A. Developmental coordination disorder: the impact on the family. Qual Life Res 2018; 28:925-934. [PMID: 30536221 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-018-2075-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with an estimated prevalence of 2-6% in school-aged children. Children with DCD score lower in multiple quality of life (QOL) domains. However, the effect of a child's DCD on their parents' and family's QOL has not previously been assessed in a UK population. We aimed to assess parental and family QOL within UK families containing at least one child aged 6-18 years who was diagnosed with DCD. METHODS A mixed-methods study was designed, using an online questionnaire that incorporated the Family QOL Scale and the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey. RESULTS The emotional and disability support domains of family QOL were markedly negatively affected by DCD, with lack of support by medical and educational professionals cited as a major source of stress. Parental mental health was also negatively affected. In many cases, the child's DCD impacted on parental work life, family social life and siblings' well-being. CONCLUSIONS Having a child with DCD has a considerable impact on families. This needs to be recognised by healthcare and other professionals; otherwise, services and support may not be appropriately targeted and the negative sequelae of DCD may ripple beyond the individual with costly social and economic consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Ann Megan Cleaton
- Dyscovery Centre, University of South Wales, Innovation House, William Price Business Park, Treforest, Pontypridd, UK
| | | | - Amanda Kirby
- Dyscovery Centre, University of South Wales, Innovation House, William Price Business Park, Treforest, Pontypridd, UK.
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Karkling M, Paul A, Zwicker JG. Occupational therapists' awareness of guidelines for assessment and diagnosis of developmental coordination disorder: Mesure selon laquelle les ergothérapeutes connaissent les lignes directrices relatives à l'évaluation et au diagnostic du trouble du développement de la coordination. The Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy 2018; 84:148-157. [PMID: 28730904 DOI: 10.1177/0008417417700915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a motor skills disorder that can have negative lifelong psychosocial impacts if not diagnosed. Occupational therapists have a role in facilitating a diagnosis for children with DCD through assessment. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine the level of understanding of current DCD guidelines for assessment and diagnosis among occupational therapists working in paediatric settings in British Columbia, Canada. METHOD An online survey was e-mailed to occupational therapists who consented to be contacted for research purposes; 169 paediatric therapists responded. Data were reported using percentage, mean, and standard deviation of responses for each answer. FINDINGS Although many occupational therapists are aware of DCD and the diagnostic criteria, most are unaware of current guidelines for assessment and diagnosis. Many are using cutoff scores inconsistent with current recommendations and thus may not be facilitating a diagnosis when one may be appropriate. IMPLICATIONS Occupational therapists may benefit from targeted education regarding DCD assessment and diagnosis.
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Speedtsberg MB, Christensen SB, Stenum J, Kallemose T, Bencke J, Curtis DJ, Jensen BR. Local dynamic stability during treadmill walking can detect children with developmental coordination disorder. Gait Posture 2018; 59:99-103. [PMID: 29028627 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2017.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is an innate impairment of motor coordination that affects basic locomotion and balance. This study investigated local dynamic stability of trunk accelerations during treadmill walking as an objective evaluation of gait stability and the sensitivity and specificity of this measure to discriminate children with DCD from typically developing children. METHOD Eight children with DCD and ten age- and gender-matched typically developing children (TD) walked four minutes on a treadmill. Trunk accelerations in vertical, medio-lateral and anterior-posterior directions were recorded with a sternum mounted accelerometer at 256Hz. Short term local dynamic stability (λs), root mean square (RMS) and relative root mean square (RMSR) were calculated from measures of orthogonal trunk accelerations. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was performed to discriminate between groups based on short term local dynamic stability. RESULTS λs was significantly greater in children with DCD in the main movement direction (AP) (DCD: 1.69±0.17 λs; TD:1.41±0.17 λs; p=0.005), indicating reduced local dynamic stability. RMS and RMSR accelerations showed no difference between children with DCD and TD children in any direction. The ROC analysis of λs in separate directions and in two dimensions showed an excellent accuracy of discriminating between children with DCD and TD children. Anterior-posterior direction in combination with medio-lateral or vertical showed best performance with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.91. CONCLUSION We have shown that children with developmental coordination disorder have general reduced local dynamic stability and that the short term Lyapunov exponent has good power of discrimination between DCD and TD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merete B Speedtsberg
- Laboratory of Human Movement Analysis, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark; Biomechanics and Motor Control Lab., Integrated Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sport, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Sofie B Christensen
- Biomechanics and Motor Control Lab., Integrated Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sport, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jan Stenum
- Biomechanics and Motor Control Lab., Integrated Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sport, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Locomotion Neuromechanics Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Thomas Kallemose
- Clinical Orthopaedic Research Hvidovre, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Bencke
- Laboratory of Human Movement Analysis, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Derek J Curtis
- Laboratory of Human Movement Analysis, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Metropolitan University College, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bente R Jensen
- Biomechanics and Motor Control Lab., Integrated Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sport, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Withers R, Tsang Y, Zwicker JG. Intervention and management of developmental coordination disorder: Are we providing evidence-based services? The Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy 2017; 84:158-167. [DOI: 10.1177/0008417417712285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background. Occupational therapists are well positioned to provide intervention to improve outcomes for children with developmental coordination disorder. However, little is known about what occupational therapy services are provided for these children. Purpose. As part of a larger study exploring service provision for children with developmental coordination disorder, the purpose of this study was to examine intervention and referral practices of occupational therapists in British Columbia, Canada. Method. An online survey was e-mailed to a convenience and snowball sample of paediatric occupational therapists, with 165 therapists responding. Descriptive statistics were used for the data analysis. Findings. Results show that the type and duration of intervention varied greatly throughout the province, as well as within health regions. Although 70% (87/124) of therapists reported being at least moderately familiar with current evidence, only 47% to 59% selected task-based methods as their primary intervention approach. Implications. Findings provide a baseline for current intervention and an opportunity for targeted knowledge translation initiatives.
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Kennedy-Behr A. Ripples of influence: Professor Sylvia Rodger's contribution to the body of knowledge on developmental coordination disorder. Aust Occup Ther J 2017; 64 Suppl 1:17-19. [PMID: 28714153 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1630.12365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ann Kennedy-Behr
- School of Health and Sports Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast Faculty of Science Health Education and Engineering, Maroochydore DC, Queensland, Australia
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Maharaj SS, Lallie R. Does a physiotherapy programme of gross motor training influence motor function and activities of daily living in children presenting with developmental coordination disorder? SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOTHERAPY 2016; 72:304. [PMID: 30135887 PMCID: PMC6093107 DOI: 10.4102/sajp.v72i1.304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) lack motor coordination and have difficulty performing motor skills and activities of daily living. Research shows these children do not outgrow their motor difficulties and without intervention do not improve. Physiotherapy is relevant for these children, but due to limited clinical protocols for DCD the aim of this study was to determine the effect of a gross motor training programme for 6-12-year-old children with DCD. METHODS This randomised pre-test, post-test study recruited 64 children with scores of 15th percentile or below using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (M-ABC). The children were divided equally into an intervention group receiving 8 weeks of gross motor training for core stability, strengthening exercises, balance and coordination with task-specific activities for 30 min per week, while the control group continued with general therapy and activities of daily living. The M-ABC and Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ) were used to assess each child before and after 8 weeks. RESULTS Sixty children completed the study, with 43 males and 17 females (mean age 10.02 years, SD = 2.10). There were no adverse reactions to the programme and M-ABC scores for the intervention programme improved by 6.46%, ball skills (3.54%) and balance (4.80%) compared with the control (0.17%) and (0.15%), respectively. There were significant (p < 0.05) improvements in DCDQ scores, but teachers allocated lower scores than parents. CONCLUSION This study supports 8 weeks of gross motor training which can be a beneficial intervention for physiotherapists to improve gross motor function for DCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonill S Maharaj
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
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Hill LJB, Mushtaq F, O'Neill L, Flatters I, Williams JHG, Mon-Williams M. The relationship between manual coordination and mental health. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2016; 25:283-95. [PMID: 26138672 PMCID: PMC4769729 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-015-0732-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Motor coordination impairments frequently co-occur with other developmental disorders and mental health problems in clinically referred populations. But does this reflect a broader dimensional relationship within the general population? A clearer understanding of this relationship might inform improvements in mental health service provision. However, ascertainment and referral bias means that there is limited value in conducting further research with clinically referred samples. We, therefore, conducted a cross-sectional population-based study investigating children's manual coordination using an objective computerised test. These measures were related to teacher-completed responses on a behavioural screening questionnaire [the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)]. We sampled 298 children (4-11 years old; 136 males) recruited from the general population. Hierarchical (logistic and linear) regression modelling indicated significant categorical and continuous relationships between manual coordination and overall SDQ score (a dimensional measure of psychopathology). Even after controlling for gender and age, manual coordination explained 15 % of the variance in total SDQ score. This dropped to 9 % after exclusion of participants whose SDQ responses indicated potential mental health problems. These results: (1) indicate that there is a clear relationship between children's motor and mental health development in community-based samples; (2) demonstrate the relationship's dimensional nature; and (3) have implications for service provision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam J B Hill
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Faisal Mushtaq
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Lucy O'Neill
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Ian Flatters
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Justin H G Williams
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Clinical Research Centre, Royal Cornhill Hospital, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZH, UK
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Reilly C, Atkinson P, Das KB, Chin RF, Aylett SE, Burch V, Gillberg C, Scott RC, Neville BGR. Features of developmental coordination disorder in active childhood epilepsy: a population-based study. Dev Med Child Neurol 2015; 57:829-34. [PMID: 25882788 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.12763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To provide data on parent-reported features of developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and describe neurobehavioural comorbidity in children with epilepsy and DCD. METHOD Eighty-five (74% of those eligible) children (44 males, 41 females; age range 5-15y) with active childhood epilepsy (an epileptic seizure in the last year and/or currently taking antiepileptic drugs) in a population-based cohort underwent comprehensive multidisciplinary assessment. The DCD Questionnaire (DCD-Q) was completed by parents (n=69) of children with an IQ>34, of whom 56 did not have cerebral palsy (CP), and were considered for a diagnosis of DCD. RESULTS Of those considered for a DCD diagnosis, 16 (29%) met DSM-IV-TR criteria whereas 34 (61%) scored in the at-risk range on the DCD-Q. The sensitivity of the DCD-Q was 100% (95% CI 76-100) and specificity was 55% (95% CI 39-70). Significant predictors of higher scores on the DCD-Q included the presence of autism spectrum disorder, CP, and early seizure onset. Increasing age and IQ were independently associated with higher DCD-Q scores. Intellectual disability, attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder, academic underachievement, and specific memory problems were the most common neurobehavioural difficulties in those with both DCD and epilepsy. INTERPRETATION Parent-reported symptoms of DCD are very common in childhood epilepsy. The DCD-Q has good sensitivity but lower specificity in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin Reilly
- Research Department, Young Epilepsy, Lingfield, Surrey, UK.,Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Patricia Atkinson
- Child Development Centre, Crawley Hospital, Crawley; West Sussex, UK
| | - Krishna B Das
- Research Department, Young Epilepsy, Lingfield, Surrey, UK.,Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Richard F Chin
- Muir Maxwell Epilepsy Centre, Edinburgh Neurosciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sarah E Aylett
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Victoria Burch
- Research Department, Young Epilepsy, Lingfield, Surrey, UK
| | | | - Rod C Scott
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, London, UK.,College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
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Alonso Soriano C, Hill EL, Crane L. Surveying parental experiences of receiving a diagnosis of developmental coordination disorder (DCD). RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2015; 43-44:11-20. [PMID: 26151439 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2015] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Receiving a diagnosis of a developmental disorder has a major impact on an individual and their family. However, little is known about parental experiences of having a child diagnosed with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). In this study, 228 parents completed an online survey about their experiences of obtaining a diagnosis of DCD for their child in the United Kingdom. Results demonstrated that, on average, a diagnosis was confirmed two and a half years after parents initially sought professional help in relation to their child's motor difficulties. Satisfaction with the overall diagnostic process was mixed: 45% of parents were dissatisfied (26%=very dissatisfied, 19%=quite dissatisfied) and 39% were satisfied (16%=very satisfied, 23%=quite satisfied). Four factors were predictive of parental satisfaction with the overall diagnostic process: the stress of the diagnostic process; the manner of the diagnosing professional; satisfaction with post-diagnostic support; and the time taken to get a diagnosis. Post-diagnostic provision was the area in which parents reported most dissatisfaction; an unsurprising finding given that 43% of parents were not offered any practical help or support during the diagnostic process or in follow up appointments (although there was an indication that this was improving). Based on these findings (as well as previous research), we propose three key areas in which improvements in the diagnostic process for DCD are needed: (1) greater awareness about DCD in order to facilitate earlier recognition; (2) implementation of clear referral pathways, to reduce the time taken to receive a diagnosis; and (3) increased post-diagnostic support within health and educational systems.
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49
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Sotos syndrome with developmental co-ordination disorder; report of a case. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2014.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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50
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Harris SR, Mickelson ECR, Zwicker JG. Diagnosis and management of developmental coordination disorder. CMAJ 2015; 187:659-665. [PMID: 26009588 DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.140994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Susan R Harris
- Departments of Physical Therapy (Harris), Pediatrics (Harris, Mickelson, Zwicker), and Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy (Zwicker), Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - Elizabeth C R Mickelson
- Departments of Physical Therapy (Harris), Pediatrics (Harris, Mickelson, Zwicker), and Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy (Zwicker), Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - Jill G Zwicker
- Departments of Physical Therapy (Harris), Pediatrics (Harris, Mickelson, Zwicker), and Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy (Zwicker), Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
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