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Sarandi E, Krueger-Krasagakis S, Tsoukalas D, Sidiropoulou P, Evangelou G, Sifaki M, Rudofsky G, Drakoulis N, Tsatsakis A. Psoriasis immunometabolism: progress on metabolic biomarkers and targeted therapy. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1201912. [PMID: 37405259 PMCID: PMC10317015 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1201912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a common inflammatory disease that affects mainly the skin. However, the moderate to severe forms have been associated with several comorbidities, such as psoriatic arthritis, Crohn's disease, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. Keratinocytes and T helper cells are the dominant cell types involved in psoriasis development via a complex crosstalk between epithelial cells, peripheral immune cells and immune cells residing in the skin. Immunometabolism has emerged as a potent mechanism elucidating the aetiopathogenesis of psoriasis, offering novel specific targets to diagnose and treat psoriasis early. The present article discusses the metabolic reprogramming of activated T cells, tissue-resident memory T cells and keratinocytes in psoriatic skin, presenting associated metabolic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. In psoriatic phenotype, keratinocytes and activated T cells are glycolysis dependent and are characterized by disruptions in the TCA cycle, the amino acid metabolism and the fatty acid metabolism. Upregulation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) results in hyperproliferation and cytokine secretion by immune cells and keratinocytes. Metabolic reprogramming through the inhibition of affected metabolic pathways and the dietary restoration of metabolic imbalances may thus present a potent therapeutic opportunity to achieve long-term management of psoriasis and improved quality of life with minimum adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Sarandi
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
- Metabolomic Medicine, Health Clinics for Autoimmune and Chronic Diseases, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Dimitris Tsoukalas
- Metabolomic Medicine, Health Clinics for Autoimmune and Chronic Diseases, Athens, Greece
- European Institute of Molecular Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Polytimi Sidiropoulou
- 1st Department of Dermatology-Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, “A. Sygros” Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Research Group of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - George Evangelou
- Dermatology Department, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Sifaki
- Research Group of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Gottfried Rudofsky
- Clinic of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disorders, Cantonal Hospital Olten, Olten, Switzerland
| | - Nikolaos Drakoulis
- Research Group of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
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Sarandi E, Thanasoula M, Anamaterou C, Papakonstantinou E, Geraci F, Papamichael MM, Itsiopoulos C, Tsoukalas D. Metabolic profiling of organic and fatty acids in chronic and autoimmune diseases. Adv Clin Chem 2020; 101:169-229. [PMID: 33706889 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics is a powerful tool of omics that permits the simultaneous identification of metabolic perturbations in several autoimmune and chronic diseases. Several parameters can affect a metabolic profile, from the population characteristics to the selection of the analytical method. In the current chapter, we summarize the main analytical methods and results of the metabolic profiling of fatty and organic acids performed in human metabolomic studies for asthma, COPD, psoriasis and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. We discuss the most significant metabolic alterations associated with these diseases, after comparison of either a single patient's group with healthy controls or several patient's subgroups of different disease severity and phenotype with healthy controls or of a patient's group before and after treatment. Finally, we present critical metabolic patterns that are associated with each disease and their potency for the unraveling of disease pathogenesis, prediction, diagnosis, patient stratification and treatment selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Sarandi
- Metabolomic Medicine Clinic, Athens, Greece; Laboratory of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Thanasoula
- Metabolomic Medicine Clinic, Athens, Greece; European Institute of Nutritional Medicine, E.I.Nu.M, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Francesco Geraci
- European Institute of Nutritional Medicine, E.I.Nu.M, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Michelle Papamichael
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition & Sport, La Trobe University, School of Allied Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Catherine Itsiopoulos
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition & Sport, La Trobe University, School of Allied Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Dimitris Tsoukalas
- Metabolomic Medicine Clinic, Athens, Greece; European Institute of Nutritional Medicine, E.I.Nu.M, Rome, Italy.
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Yan D, Afifi L, Jeon C, Trivedi M, Chang HW, Lee K, Liao W. The metabolomics of psoriatic disease. PSORIASIS (AUCKLAND, N.Z.) 2017; 7:1-15. [PMID: 28824870 PMCID: PMC5562362 DOI: 10.2147/ptt.s118348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics is an emerging new "omics" field involving the systematic analysis of the metabolites in a biologic system. These metabolites provide a molecular snapshot of cellular activity and are thus important for understanding the functional changes in metabolic pathways that drive disease. Recently, metabolomics has been used to study the local and systemic metabolic changes in psoriasis and its cardiometabolic comorbidities. Such studies have revealed novel insights into disease pathogenesis and suggest new biochemical signatures that may be used as a marker of psoriatic disease. This review will discuss common strategies in metabolomics analysis, current findings in the metabolomics of psoriasis, and emerging trends in psoriatic metabolomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Yan
- Department of Dermatology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ladan Afifi
- Department of Dermatology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Caleb Jeon
- Department of Dermatology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Megha Trivedi
- Department of Dermatology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hsin Wen Chang
- Department of Dermatology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kristina Lee
- Department of Dermatology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Wilson Liao
- Department of Dermatology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Decreased eicosapentaenoic acid levels in acne vulgaris reveals the presence of a proinflammatory state. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2017; 128-129:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Abstract
Psoriasis is a T-lymphocyte-mediated chronic inflammatory disorder involving the skin and joints. Nearly 3.5% of the population has been diagnosed to have psoriasis. In a dermatology department, almost one-third of psoriasis patients are in the pediatric age group. With an annual prevalence of up to 0.71%, childhood psoriasis can now be regarded as a frequently seen chronic inflammatory skin disorder having a significant impact on the quality of life. Based on the age of onset, psoriasis in children can be broadly classified as infantile psoriasis that can be mostly self-limited, psoriasis having an early onset, which needs specific treatment, and psoriasis that is associated with arthritis. Treating a child with psoriasis is a challenge, considering the physical development, body metabolism, rate of cutaneous absorption, and metabolism of drugs, which are quite different from those of the adults. The long duration of sun exposure for the rest of their life makes it more demanding while considering phototherapy in children. Long-term treatment of psoriasis, with phototherapy or drugs, needs critical evaluation in children. Hence, a thorough understanding of the disease in all its aspects will certainly help manage childhood psoriasis better. Timely diagnosis and adequate management not only arrest progression but also minimize the psychological burden caused by the disease, averting disfiguring states and evolution into a metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayakar Thomas
- Department of Dermatology, Sree Balaji Medical College, Bharath University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kumar Parimalam
- Department of Dermatology, Villupuram Medical College, Villupuram, Tamil Nadu, India
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Costa A, Siqueira Talarico A, Parra Duarte CDO, Silva Pereira C, de Souza Weimann ET, Sabino de Matos L, Della Coletta LC, Fidelis MC, Tannous TS, Vasconcellos C. Evaluation of the Quantitative and Qualitative Alterations in the Fatty Acid Contents of the Sebum of Patients with Inflammatory Acne during Treatment with Systemic Lymecycline and/or Oral Fatty Acid Supplementation. Dermatol Res Pract 2013; 2013:120475. [PMID: 24191156 PMCID: PMC3803126 DOI: 10.1155/2013/120475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Acne is a dermatosis that involves an altered sebum pattern. Objectives. (1) To evaluate if a treatment based on antibiotics (lymecycline) can alter fatty acids contents of the sebum of patients with acne; (2) to evaluate if oral supplementation of fatty acids can interfere with fatty acids contents of the sebum of patients with acne; (3) to evaluate if there is any interaction in fatty acids contents of the sebum of patients with acne when they use both antibiotics and oral supplementation of fatty acids. Methods. Forty-five male volunteers with inflammatory acne vulgaris were treated with 300 mg of lymecycline per day, with 540 mg of γ-linolenic acid, 1,200 mg of linoleic acid, and 510 mg of oleic acid per day, or with both regimens for 90 days. Every 30 days, a sample of sebum from the forehead was collected for fatty acids' chromatographic analysis. Results. Twelve fatty acids studied exhibited some kind of pattern changes during the study: C12:0, C14:0, C15:0, C16:1, C18:0, C18:1n9c+C18:1n9t, C18:2n6t, C18:3n6, C18:3n3, C20:1, C22:0, and C24:0. Conclusions. The daily administration of lymecycline and/or specific fatty acids may slightly influence some fatty acids levels present in the sebum of patients with inflammatory acne vulgaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adilson Costa
- Service of Dermatology of the Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- KOLderma Clinical Trials Institute, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline Siqueira Talarico
- Service of Dermatology of the Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Caroline Silva Pereira
- Service of Dermatology of the Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Lissa Sabino de Matos
- Service of Dermatology of the Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Carolina Fidelis
- Service of Dermatology of the Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Thaísa Saddi Tannous
- Service of Dermatology of the Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Cidia Vasconcellos
- Department of Dermatology of the University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Abstract
Pediatric psoriasis consists broadly of 3 age groups of psoriatic patients: infantile psoriasis, a self-limited disease of infancy, psoriasis with early onset, and pediatric psoriasis with psoriatic arthritis. About one-quarter of psoriasis cases begin before the age of 18 years. A variety of clinical psoriasis types are seen in childhood, including plaque-type, guttate, erythrodermic, napkin, and nail-based disease. Like all forms of auto-immunity, susceptibility is likely genetic, but environmental triggers are required to initiate disease activity. The most common trigger of childhood is an upper respiratory tract infection. Once disease has occurred, treatment is determined based on severity and presence of joint involvement. Topical therapies, including corticosteroids and calcipotriene, are the therapies of choice in the initial care of pediatric patients. Ultraviolet light, acitretin and cyclosporine can clear skin symptoms, while methotrexate and etanercept can clear both cutaneous and joint disease. Concern for psychological development is required when choosing psoriatic therapies. This article reviews current concepts in pediatric psoriasis and a rational approach to therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanette B Silverberg
- Pediatric and Adolescent Dermatology, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, NY, USA
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Marquardt A, Stöhr H, White K, Weber BH. cDNA cloning, genomic structure, and chromosomal localization of three members of the human fatty acid desaturase family. Genomics 2000; 66:175-83. [PMID: 10860662 DOI: 10.1006/geno.2000.6196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The insertion of double bonds into specific positions of fatty acids is achieved by the action of distinct desaturase enzymes. Here we report the cloning and characterization of three members of the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene family in humans. Initially identified as cDNA fragments by direct cDNA selection within a defined 1.4-Mb region in 11q12-q13.1, full-length fatty acid desaturase-1 (FADS1) and fatty acid desaturase-2 (FADS2) transcripts were obtained by EST sequence assembly. A third member, fatty acid desaturase-3 (FADS3), was identified in silico revealing 62 and 70% nucleotide sequence identity with FADS1 and FADS2, respectively. The three genes are clustered within 92 kb of genomic DNA located 2 kb telomeric to FEN1 and 50 kb centromeric to VMD2 and are likely to have arisen evolutionarily from gene duplication as they share a remarkably similar exon/intron organization. Protein database searches identified FADS1, FADS2, and FADS3 as fusion products composed of an N-terminal cytochrome b5-like domain and a C-terminal multiple membrane-spanning desaturase portion.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Marquardt
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, 97074, Germany
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Abstract
The effect of dietary supplementation with a combination of n-3 (marine oil) and n-6 (evening primrose oil) essential fatty acids in the treatment of chronic stable plaque psoriasis was observed. Thirty-seven patients in a double-blind parallel trial were studied. There was no significant improvement in clinical severity of psoriasis or change in transepidermal water loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Oliwiecki
- Department of Dermatology, Bristol Royal Infirmary, UK
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Affiliation(s)
- S Wright
- Department of Dermatology, Royal Free Hospital, London, U.K
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Williams
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco 94143
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