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Leppilahti JM, Tervahartiala T, Kautiainen H, Räisänen I, Ahonen M, Uitto V, Sorsa T, Mäntylä P. Correlations between different protein species of oral rinse MMP-8 and patient-related factors. Clin Exp Dent Res 2023; 9:1021-1033. [PMID: 37877535 PMCID: PMC10728547 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to examine correlations between different oral rinse matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 protein species in western blot (WB) analysis, quantitative MMP-8 measurements, and patient-related factors. Elevated activated MMP-8 (aMMP-8) associate with periodontitis and a diagnostic point-of-care technology has been developed based on aMMP-8. In WB, different MMP-8 protein species can be analyzed. Relative abundancy of fragmented 20-25 kDa forms in WB has been associated with and reflects MMP-8 activation and related fragmentation and elevated quantitative aMMP-8 measurements. MATERIAL AND METHODS A random sample of 192 participants from a periodontal disease screening study was used for this study. Oral rinse samples for biomarker analyses were collected before clinical periodontal examinations. aMMP-8 immunofluorometric (IFMA) and WB analysis (utilizing the same monoclonal antibody, 8708), polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) elastase activity test and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1 ELISA levels were performed from the oral rinse samples. Distinct MMP-8 protein species were differentiated in the WB analysis. Principal component (PC) analysis was conducted to explore correlation patterns between the different species. Adjusted correlation analysis between the extracted PCs of WB and aMMP-8 IFMA levels and multilevel regression analysis were conducted to explore if the other periodontal disease-related biomarkers and clinical surrogate measures and patient-related factors are co-variating with the extracted components. RESULTS Distinct correlation patterns between the MMP-8 protein species were observed. The first four PCs explained 89% of the whole variance in PC analysis. Statistically significant correlation (p < 0.05) were observed as follows: PC1 positively with 21 kDa (r = .69) and 25 kDa fragments (r = .55) and negatively with 150 kDa complexes (r = -.46). PC2 correlated with 45 (r = .70) and 55 kDa (r = .65) activated forms, PC3 with 70-80 kDa latent proforms (r = .63) and 90-100 kDa complexes (r = .67), and PC4 with 35 kDa fragments (r = .81). There were significant correlations between quantitative (IFMA) aMMP-8 measurements and PC1 (p < 0.001), PC2 (<0.05) and PC3 (<0.05) but not with PC4. In multilevel regression models age, PMN elastase activity, TIMP-1 levels, and a number of 4-5 mm periodontal pockets were associated with PC1, nonsmoking with PC2, age and PMN elastase activity with PC3, and age and smoking with PC4. CONCLUSIONS Relative abundancy of fragmented 21-25 kDa protein species was correlated with the quantitative aMMP-8 (IFMA) measurements, which is in line with previous results. Different patient-related factors (smoking, age, proteolytic activity) may modify the formation of different MMP-8 protein species in oral rinse samples and may cause variability in quantitative aMMP-8 measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jussi M. Leppilahti
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OuluOuluFinland
| | - Taina Tervahartiala
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial DiseasesUniversity of Helsinki and Helsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
| | - Hannu Kautiainen
- Primary Health Care UnitKuopio University HospitalKuopioFinland
- Folkhälsan Research CenterHelsinkiFinland
| | - Ismo Räisänen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial DiseasesUniversity of Helsinki and Helsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
| | - Minna‐Maija Ahonen
- Unit of Dental Health Care ServicesKeski‐Uudenmaan hyvinvointialue (KEUSOTE)HyvinkääFinland
| | - Veli‐Jukka Uitto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial DiseasesUniversity of Helsinki and Helsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
| | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial DiseasesUniversity of Helsinki and Helsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Päivi Mäntylä
- Institute of DentistryUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland
- Oral and Maxillofacial DiseasesKuopio University HospitalKuopioFinland
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Sapmaz T, Sevgin K, Topkaraoglu S, Tekayev M, Aktas S, Coskun G, Polat S, Sapmaz E, Irkorucu O. Comparison of melatonin, oxytetracycline, and N-acetylcysteine pre-treatments in autologous intraperitoneal ovarian transplantation in rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 606:49-54. [PMID: 35339751 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed at investigating the effects of melatonin, oxytetracycline and N-acetylcysteine on the ovarian follicle reserves and surface epithelium in autologous intraperitoneal ovarian transplantation in rats. Thirty adult female Wistar Albino were selected and randomly divided into six groups (n = 5). Group 1, which was the control group, only had their abdomens opened and closed while Group 2 underwent ovarian transplantation. Group 3, 4, 5 and 6 received 20 μg/kg/IM melatonin, 10 mg/kg/IM oxytetracycline, 150 mg/kg/IP N-Asetil sistein (NAC) and 1% ethanol respectively 15 min before the ovarian transplantation. Vaginal cytology was performed to monitor the estrus phase and the follicle reserve and changes in the surface epithelium were histopathologically evaluated during the preparations. Moreover, cellular apoptosis in tissues was evaluated with immunofluorescence staining of Bcl-2 and Bax. The Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was then calculated as the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of Bax and Bcl-2 MFI. Dysplastic change was found only significantly higher in the transplantation group (G2) (p < 0.01). Histopathologically, it was found that the follicle reserve was preserved significantly in the oxytetracycline and melatonin treated group (G3, G4) (p < 0.01). It was also observed that the oxytetracycline treated group (G4) were able to show better preventive effects against dysplastic changes of the surface epithelium. Moreover, the melatonin treated group depicted a low Bax/Bcl-2 ratio compared to the group that only underwent transplantation (G2) (p < 0.01). This study indicated that oxytetracycline and melatonin might be more effective than N-acetylcysteine in protecting against oxidative stress during ovarian transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tansel Sapmaz
- University of Health Sciences, Hamidiye Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul, 34668, Turkey.
| | - Kubra Sevgin
- University of Health Sciences, International Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul, 34668, Turkey
| | - Sude Topkaraoglu
- University of Health Sciences, Hamidiye Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul, 34668, Turkey
| | - Muhammetnur Tekayev
- University of Health Sciences, Hamidiye Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul, 34668, Turkey
| | - Selman Aktas
- University of Health Sciences, Hamidiye Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul Cerrahpasa University, School of Medicine, Institute of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gulfidan Coskun
- Cukurova University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Adana, Turkey
| | - Sait Polat
- Cukurova University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Adana, Turkey
| | - Ekrem Sapmaz
- University of Health Sciences, Adana City Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Adana, Turkey; University of Health Sciences, Adana Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Adana, Turkey
| | - Oktay Irkorucu
- University of Sharjah, College of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Karila T, Tervahartiala T, Cohen B, Sorsa T. The collagenases: are they tractable targets for preventing cartilage destruction in osteoarthritis? Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:93-105. [PMID: 35081858 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2035362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The etiology and pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA) have been intensely investigated; however, the disease course and progression are not completely understood. A prominent role for interstitial collagenases is recognized in this degenerative process, hence strategies to target them are of major interest. AREAS COVERED The pathogenesis of OA, the role of interstitial collagenases (MMP-1, -8 and -13) and collagenase modifying drugs are examined and discussed. We reviewed relevant papers from PubMed and Google Scholar. EXPERT OPINION There is strong evidence for the therapeutic potential of MMP inhibitors in OA; however, they are not expected to impact the inflammatory process. Therefore, there is a need for a relative inhibitor of MMP-13 collagenase which possesses anti-inflammatory properties. The identification of novel broad-spectrum relative multiple peptidase inhibitors could provide desirable tools for the prophylaxis, cure, or treatment of diseases involving articular cartilage (AC) degradation, in particular OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuomo Karila
- Hospital Orton, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taina Tervahartiala
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
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Silbereisen A, Alassiri S, Bao K, Grossmann J, Nanni P, Fernandez C, Tervahartiala T, Nascimento GG, Belibasakis GN, Heikkinen A, Lopez R, Sorsa T, Bostanci N. Label‐Free Quantitative Proteomics versus Antibody‐Based Assays to Measure Neutrophil‐Derived Enzymes in Saliva. Proteomics Clin Appl 2020; 14:e1900050. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.201900050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Silbereisen
- Section of Periodontology and Dental Prevention Division of Oral Diseases Department of Dental Medicine Karolinska Institutet Alfred Nobels allé 8 14152 Huddinge Stockholm Sweden
| | - Saeed Alassiri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases University of Helsinki Helsinki University Central Hospital P.O. Box 41 (Mannerheimintie 172) 00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Kai Bao
- Section of Periodontology and Dental Prevention Division of Oral Diseases Department of Dental Medicine Karolinska Institutet Alfred Nobels allé 8 14152 Huddinge Stockholm Sweden
| | - Jonas Grossmann
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich ETH Zurich and University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Paolo Nanni
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich ETH Zurich and University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Claudia Fernandez
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich ETH Zurich and University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Taina Tervahartiala
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases University of Helsinki Helsinki University Central Hospital P.O. Box 41 (Mannerheimintie 172) 00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Gustavo G. Nascimento
- Section of Periodontology Department of Dentistry and Oral Health Aarhus University Vennelyst Boulevard 9 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Georgios N. Belibasakis
- Section of Periodontology and Dental Prevention Division of Oral Diseases Department of Dental Medicine Karolinska Institutet Alfred Nobels allé 8 14152 Huddinge Stockholm Sweden
| | - Anna‐Maria Heikkinen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases University of Helsinki Helsinki University Central Hospital P.O. Box 41 (Mannerheimintie 172) 00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Rodrigo Lopez
- Section of Periodontology Department of Dentistry and Oral Health Aarhus University Vennelyst Boulevard 9 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Timo Sorsa
- Section of Periodontology and Dental Prevention Division of Oral Diseases Department of Dental Medicine Karolinska Institutet Alfred Nobels allé 8 14152 Huddinge Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases University of Helsinki Helsinki University Central Hospital P.O. Box 41 (Mannerheimintie 172) 00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Nagihan Bostanci
- Section of Periodontology and Dental Prevention Division of Oral Diseases Department of Dental Medicine Karolinska Institutet Alfred Nobels allé 8 14152 Huddinge Stockholm Sweden
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Gürsoy UK, Könönen E, Tervahartiala T, Gürsoy M, Pitkänen J, Torvi P, Suominen AL, Pussinen P, Sorsa T. Molecular forms and fragments of salivary MMP-8 in relation to periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2018; 45:1421-1428. [PMID: 30341955 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the molecular forms of salivary matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 in relation to periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Molecular forms, degree of activation and fragmentation of neutrophilic and mesenchymal-type MMP-8 isoforms were analysed from salivary samples of 81 subjects with generalized periodontitis, 63 subjects with localized periodontitis and 79 subjects without pocket teeth, by using western-immunoblots with computer quantitation. In addition, human recombinant proMMP-8 was in vitro activated by Treponema denticola chymotrypsin-like protease (Td-CTLP), sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl, 1 mM, oxidant) or amino phenyl mercuric acetate (APMA, 1 mM). RESULTS In saliva of periodontitis-affected individuals, MMP-8 is found in multiple forms, that is, complexes, active and pro-forms of neutrophilic and mesenchymal-type MMP-8, and especially 20-27 kDa fragments. The quantity of these fragments was elevated in both localized and generalized forms of periodontitis. Moreover, the tested activators (Td-CTLP, NaOCl and APMA) activated inactive proMMP-8, resulting in fragments of 20-27 kDa, in vitro, and salivary concentrations of T. denticola correlated significantly with salivary levels of fragmented MMP-8. CONCLUSION The present results indicate that during the development and progression of periodontitis, MMP-8 appears as activated and fragmented, and treponemal proteases most likely play role in this cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulvi K Gürsoy
- Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Eija Könönen
- Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Welfare Division, Oral Health Care, Turku, Finland
| | - Taina Tervahartiala
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Disease, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mervi Gürsoy
- Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jari Pitkänen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Disease, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paula Torvi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Disease, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Liisa Suominen
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Health Monitoring Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pirkko Pussinen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Disease, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Disease, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
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Vilmi-Kerälä T, Lauhio A, Tervahartiala T, Palomäki O, Uotila J, Sorsa T, Palomäki A. Subclinical inflammation associated with prolonged TIMP-1 upregulation and arterial stiffness after gestational diabetes mellitus: a hospital-based cohort study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2017; 16:49. [PMID: 28407807 PMCID: PMC5390403 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-017-0530-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has significant implications for the future health of the mother. Some clinical studies have suggested subclinical inflammation and vascular dysfunction after GDM. We aimed to study whether concentrations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) and -9, as well as values of arterial stiffness differ between women with and without a history of GDM a few years after delivery. We also investigated possible effects of obesity on the results. METHODS We studied two cohorts-120 women with a history of GDM and 120 controls-on average 3.7 years after delivery. Serum concentrations of hsCRP were determined by immunonephelometric and immunoturbidimetric methods, MMP-8 by immunofluorometric assay, and MMP-9 and TIMP-1 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) was determined using the foot-to-foot velocity method from carotid and femoral waveforms by using a SphygmoCor device. Arterial compliance was measured non-invasively by an HDI/PulseWave™CR-2000 arterial tonometer. All 240 women were also included in subgroup analyses to study the effect of obesity on the results. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed with adjustment for confounding factors. RESULTS PWV after pregnancy complicated by GDM was significantly higher than after normal pregnancy, 6.44 ± 0.83 (SD) vs. 6.17 ± 0.74 m/s (p = 0.009). Previous GDM was also one of the significant determinants of PWV in multiple linear regression analyses. On the other hand, compliance indices of both large (p = 0.092) and small (p = 0.681) arteries did not differ between the study cohorts. Serum TIMP-1 levels were significantly increased after previous GDM (p = 0.020). However, no differences were found in the serum levels of MMP-8, MMP-9 or hsCRP. In subgroup analyses, there were significantly higher concentrations of hsCRP (p = 0.015) and higher PWV (p < 0.001) among obese women compared with non-obese ones. CONCLUSIONS PWV values were significantly higher after GDM compared with normoglycemic pregnancies and were associated with prolonged TIMP-1 upregulation. Cardiovascular risk factors were more common in participants with high BMI than in those with previous GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiina Vilmi-Kerälä
- School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tampere University Hospital, Box 2000, 33521, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Anneli Lauhio
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Inflammation Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,The Social Insurance Institution of Finland, Benefit Services, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taina Tervahartiala
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University and University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Outi Palomäki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tampere University Hospital, Box 2000, 33521, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jukka Uotila
- School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tampere University Hospital, Box 2000, 33521, Tampere, Finland
| | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University and University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Ari Palomäki
- School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Kanta-Häme Central Hospital, Hämeenlinna, Finland
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Akcalı A, Gümüş P, Özçaka Ö, Öztürk-Ceyhan B, Tervahartiala T, Husu H, Heikkinen AM, Sorsa T, Buduneli N. Proteolytic Mediators in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Gingivitis. J Periodontol 2017; 88:289-297. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2016.160158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aliye Akcalı
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Pınar Gümüş
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Özgün Özçaka
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | | | - Taina Tervahartiala
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heidi Husu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Maria Heikkinen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Periodontology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Nurcan Buduneli
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
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Lauhio A, Färkkilä E, Pietiläinen KH, Åström P, Winkelmann A, Tervahartiala T, Pirilä E, Rissanen A, Kaprio J, Sorsa TA, Salo T. Association of MMP-8 with obesity, smoking and insulin resistance. Eur J Clin Invest 2016; 46:757-65. [PMID: 27296149 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity has been recognized as a state of subclinical inflammation resulting in a loss of insulin receptors and decreased insulin sensitivity. We here studied in vivo the role of circulating matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) among young healthy twin adults. Also, in vitro analysis of the cleavage of human insulin receptor (INSR) by MMP-8 was investigated as well its inhibition by doxycycline and other MMP-8 inhibitor, Ilomastat/GM6001, which are broad-spectrum MMP inhibitors. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analysed serum MMP-8 levels by a time-resolved immunofluorometric assay in obese (n = 34), overweight (n = 76) and normal weight (n = 130) twin individuals. The effect of MMP-8 on INSR and the effects of synthetic MMP-8 inhibitors, doxycycline and Ilomastat/GM6001, were studied by SDS-PAGE. RESULTS We found that in obese individuals relative to normal weight individuals, the serum MMP-8 levels and MMP-8/TIMP-1 ratio were significantly increased (P = 0·0031 and P = 0·031, respectively). Among normal weight and obese individuals, also smoking significantly increases serum MMP-8 and MMP-8/TIMP-1 ratio. In vitro, we found that INSR was degraded by MMP-8 and this was inhibited by doxycycline and Ilomastat/GM6001. CONCLUSIONS Obesity associated with elevated circulating MMP-8 found among young adults may contribute to progression of insulin resistance by cleaving INSR. This INSR cleavage by MMP-8 can be inhibited by synthetic MMP-8 inhibitors such as doxycycline. In addition to obesity, also smoking independently explained increased MMP-8 levels. Our results suggest that MMP-8 is an essential mediator in systemic subclinical inflammatory response in obesity, and a potential drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneli Lauhio
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Esa Färkkilä
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kirsi H Pietiläinen
- Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Obesity Research Unit, Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,FIMM, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Endocrinology, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pirjo Åström
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Alina Winkelmann
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taina Tervahartiala
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Emma Pirilä
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Aila Rissanen
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- FIMM, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo A Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Tuula Salo
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Oral Pathology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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9
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Decreased salivary matrix metalloproteinase-8 reflecting a defensive potential in juvenile parotitis. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2016; 80:74-7. [PMID: 26746616 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2015.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9 have been associated with juvenile parotitis. However, the role of MMP-8 has not been addressed previously. This work focuses on salivary MMP-8 and -9 levels in juvenile parotitis. METHODS During a five-year period at Helsinki University Hospital, a tertiary care hospital, 41 patients aged 17 or under, were identified as having parotitis; from 36 of these patients, saliva samples were collected for MMP-8 IFMA (time-resolved immunofluorometric assay) analyses. Control saliva samples were collected from 34 age- and gender-matched children admitted for an elective surgery who had no history of parotitis. For comparison, salivary levels of MMP-9, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP-1), MMP-8/TIMP-1 ratio, human neutrophil elastase (HNE), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were analyzed by ELISA. Additionally, salivary MMP-8 levels were compared to historical saliva samples from 18 adult gingivitis patients as well as to 10 healthy adult controls. RESULTS The median (25%, 75% percentile) MMP-8 concentration in saliva of parotitis patients was significantly lower than MMP-8 concentration in saliva of their controls [50.4ng/ml (37.5, 72.9) vs. 148.5ng/ml (101.2, 178.5) p<0.0001] and lower than in patients with gingivitis [347.9ng/ml (242.6, 383.2) p<0.0001] or healthy adult controls [257.2ng/ml (164.9, 320.7) p<0.0001]. The MMP-8/TIMP-1 ratio was lower than in controls [0.13 (0.05-0.02) vs. 0.3 (0.17-0.46) p<0.0001]. The median MMP-9 concentration in saliva of parotitis patients was significantly higher than in controls [143.9ng/m (68.8-189.0) vs. 34.9ng/ml (16.3-87.6) p<0.0001]. Neither HNE, MPO, nor TIMP-1 alone separated the patients from the control groups. CONCLUSIONS MMP-9 was up-regulated in juvenile parotitis saliva, suggesting that MMP-9 may play a destructive role in juvenile parotitis, as others have suggested. The present novel findings reveal a decreased salivary MMP-8 concentration, suggesting that MMP-8 may reflect in juvenile parotitis down-regulated or anti-inflammatory immune characteristics.
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Alfakry H, Malle E, Koyani CN, Pussinen PJ, Sorsa T. Neutrophil proteolytic activation cascades: a possible mechanistic link between chronic periodontitis and coronary heart disease. Innate Immun 2016; 22:85-99. [PMID: 26608308 DOI: 10.1177/1753425915617521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are chronic inflammatory diseases that affect a large segment of society. Coronary heart disease (CHD), the most common cardiovascular disease, progresses over several years and affects millions of people worldwide. Chronic infections may contribute to the systemic inflammation and enhance the risk for CHD. Periodontitis is one of the most common chronic infections that affects up to 50% of the adult population. Under inflammatory conditions the activation of endogenous degradation pathways mediated by immune responses leads to the release of destructive cellular molecules from both resident and immigrant cells. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their regulators can activate each other and play an important role in immune response via degrading extracellular matrix components and modulating cytokines and chemokines. The action of MMPs is required for immigrant cell recruitment at the site of inflammation. Stimulated neutrophils represent the major pathogen-fighting immune cells that upregulate expression of several proteinases and oxidative enzymes, which can degrade extracellular matrix components (e.g. MMP-8, MMP-9 and neutrophil elastase). The activity of MMPs is regulated by endogenous inhibitors and/or candidate MMPs (e.g. MMP-7). The balance between MMPs and their inhibitors is thought to mirror the proteolytic burden. Thus, neutrophil-derived biomarkers, including myeloperoxidase, may activate proteolytic destructive cascades that are involved in subsequent immune-pathological events associated with both periodontitis and CHD. Here, we review the existing studies on the contribution of MMPs and their regulators to the infection-related pathology. Also, we discuss the possible proteolytic involvement and role of neutrophil-derived enzymes as an etiological link between chronic periodontitis and CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatem Alfakry
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ernst Malle
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Chintan N Koyani
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Pirkko J Pussinen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
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Akbari G, Prabhuji MLV, Karthikeyan BV, Raghunatha K, Narayanan R. Analysis of matrix metalloproteinase-8 levels in gingival crevicular fluid and whole mouth fluid among smokers and nonsmokers using enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay and a novel chair-side test. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2015; 19:525-30. [PMID: 26644719 PMCID: PMC4645539 DOI: 10.4103/0972-124x.162201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To indigenously prepare a chair-side test kit for investigating and comparing the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and saliva in patients with healthy periodontium, gingivitis and chronic periodontitis in smokers and nonsmokers. To validate the diagnostic accuracy of indigenously prepared chair-side test against enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA). Furthermore, to assess the effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on the levels of MMP-8 in GCF and saliva among the test groups. MATERIALS AND METHODS GCF and saliva were collected from 250 subjects. The study population were divided into five groups; health periodontium-nonsmokers (Group 1; n = 50), chronic gingivitis-nonsmokers (Group 2; n = 50), chronic periodontitis-nonsmokers (Group 3; n = 50), chronic gingivitis-smokers (Group 4; n = 50), chronic periodontitis-smokers (Group 5; n = 50). A chair-side test kit was indigenously prepared using polyclonal antibodies (principle of immunochromatography) to detect the MMP-8 levels, and it was validated against ELISA at baseline and 3 months after NSPT. RESULTS The chair-side test detected MMP-8 levels with a sensitivity and specificity in accordance with ELISA. MMP-8 levels at baseline were higher in Group 2 and Group 3 as compared to controls (P < 0.05), and decreased after therapy (P < 0.05). MMP-8 levels in GCF were greater than in saliva for all the groups, indicating GCF to be a better sample to detect the MMP levels. CONCLUSION The chair-side test detected MMP-8 levels accurately making it a viable chair side diagnostic tool. It was effective for early diagnosis of the periodontal disease among high-risk population such as smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghousia Akbari
- Department of Periodontics, M. S. Ramaiah Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | | | | | - Kanugondappa Raghunatha
- Department of Periodontics, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Roopalakshmi Narayanan
- Department of Periodontics, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Näkki A, Rodriguez-Fontenla C, Gonzalez A, Harilainen A, Leino-Arjas P, Heliövaara M, Eriksson JG, Tallroth K, Videman T, Kaprio J, Saarela J, Kujala UM. Association study of MMP8 gene in osteoarthritis. Connect Tissue Res 2015; 57:44-52. [PMID: 26577236 DOI: 10.3109/03008207.2015.1099636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disease common in the elderly. There is a prior functional evidence for different matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), such as MMP8 and MMP9, having a role in the breakdown of cartilage extracellular matrix in OA. Thus, we analyzed whether the common genetic variants of MMP8 and MMP9 contribute to the risk of OA. MATERIALS AND METHODS In total, 13 common tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were studied in a discovery knee OA cohort of 185 cases and 895 controls. For validation, two knee OA replication cohorts and two hand OA replication cohorts were studied (altogether 1369 OA cases, 4445 controls in the five cohorts). The χ(2) test for individual study cohorts and Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test for combined meta-analysis were calculated using Plink. RESULTS The rs1940475 SNP in MMP8 showed suggestive association in the discovery cohort (OR = 0.721, 95% CI 0.575-0.906; p = 0.005). Other knee and hand OA replication study cohorts showed similar trend for the predisposing allele without reaching statistical significance in independent replication cohorts nor in their meta-analysis (p > 0.05). Meta-analysis of all five hand and knee OA study cohorts yielded a p-value of 0.027 (OR = 0.904, 95% CI 0.826-0.989). CONCLUSIONS Initial analysis of the MMP8 gene showed suggestive association between rs1940475 and knee OA, but the finding did not replicate in other study cohorts, even though the trend for predisposing allele was similar in all five cohorts. MMP-8 is a good biological candidate for OA, but our study did not find common variants with significant association in the gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annu Näkki
- a Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland.,b Department of Public Health , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland.,c Department of Medical Genetics , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland.,d Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Cristina Rodriguez-Fontenla
- e Laboratorio Investigacion 10 , Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria- Hospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago , Santiago de Compostela , Spain
| | - Antonio Gonzalez
- e Laboratorio Investigacion 10 , Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria- Hospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago , Santiago de Compostela , Spain
| | - Arsi Harilainen
- f ORTON Orthopedic Hospital , Invalid Foundation , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Päivi Leino-Arjas
- g Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , Finnish Institute of Occupational Health , Helsinki , Finland
| | | | - Johan G Eriksson
- h National Institute for Health and Welfare , Helsinki , Finland.,i Department of Chronic Disease Prevention , The National Institute for Health and Welfare , Helsinki , Finland.,j Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland.,k Unit of General Practice , Helsinki University Central Hospital , Helsinki , Finland.,l Folkhälsan Research Center , Helsinki , Finland.,m Vasa Central Hospital , Vasa , Finland
| | - Kaj Tallroth
- f ORTON Orthopedic Hospital , Invalid Foundation , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Tapio Videman
- n Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Canada
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- a Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland.,b Department of Public Health , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland.,o Department of Mental Health , National Institute for Health and Welfare , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Janna Saarela
- a Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Urho M Kujala
- p Department of Health Sciences , University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä , Finland
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Serum and salivary matrix metalloproteinases, neutrophil elastase, myeloperoxidase in patients with chronic or aggressive periodontitis. Inflammation 2015; 37:1771-8. [PMID: 24799321 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-014-9907-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Salivary, serum matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8), tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1), neutrophil elastase (NE), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels were investigated in generalized chronic periodontitis (GCP), generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP), and healthy groups. Whole-mouth clinical periodontal measurements were recorded. Salivary, serum concentrations of MMP-8, MPO, TIMP-1, and NE were determined by immunofluorometric assay or ELISA in 18 patients with GCP, 23 patients with GAgP, 18 individuals with healthy periodontium. Patients in the GAgP group were younger than the other groups (p<0.05). The study groups were similar in gender, smoking status. Plaque index was higher in GCP than GAgP group (p<0.05). Biochemical data were similar in periodontitis groups. Salivary, serum MPO, and salivary NE concentrations were higher; TIMP-1 concentrations were lower in the periodontitis groups than the controls (p<0.05). The present data support a close relationship between salivary, serum protease content and clinical periodontal parameters in patients with generalized periodontitis.
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Akcalı A, Bostanci N, Özçaka Ö, Öztürk-Ceyhan B, Gümüş P, Tervahartiala T, Husu H, Buduneli N, Sorsa T, Belibasakis GN. Elevated matrix metalloproteinase-8 in saliva and serum in polycystic ovary syndrome and association with gingival inflammation. Innate Immun 2015; 21:619-25. [DOI: 10.1177/1753425915572172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the levels of matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) and tissue inhibitors of MMP-1 (TIMP-1) in saliva and serum samples of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS; n = 80) and matched systemically healthy controls ( n = 45), with varying degrees of gingival inflammation. Salivary levels of MMP-8 and the MMP-8/TIMP-1 ratio were significantly elevated in women with PCOS, who also exhibited more gingivitis than systemically healthy women. No major changes were observed in salivary TIMP-1 levels with regard to PCOS. Serum levels of MMP-8 and the MMP-8/TIMP-1 ratio were significantly higher in women with PCOS, irrespective of the presence of gingivitis, while there were no differences in TIMP-1 levels. A positive correlation was indicated between probing depth, bleeding on probing, plaque index and salivary or serum MMP-8 levels or MMP-8/TIMP-1 ratio in the case of PCOS, while a negative such correlation was revealed for TIMP-1 in systemically healthy women. Increased levels of MMP-8 in saliva and serum seem to be more pronounced in women with PCOS, and potentiated in the presence of gingival inflammation. Alterations in MMP/TIMP system triggered by local and systemic inflammation may be implicated in the pathogenesis of PCOS, or the deterioration of its clinical presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliye Akcalı
- Institute of Oral Biology, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Nagihan Bostanci
- Institute of Oral Biology, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Özgun Özçaka
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Banu Öztürk-Ceyhan
- Department of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Aydın Government Hospital, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Pınar Gümüş
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Taina Tervahartiala
- University of Helsinki, Institute of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heidi Husu
- University of Helsinki, Institute of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nurcan Buduneli
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Timo Sorsa
- University of Helsinki, Institute of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Georgios N Belibasakis
- Institute of Oral Biology, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Nizam N, Basoglu OK, Tasbakan MS, Holthöfer A, Tervahartiala T, Sorsa T, Buduneli N. Do salivary and serum collagenases have a role in an association between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and periodontal disease? A preliminary case-control study. Arch Oral Biol 2014; 60:134-43. [PMID: 25455127 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2014.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Despite increasing evidence for an association of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and periodontal disease, the pathophysiological linking mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to evaluate the salivary and serum matrix metalloproteinase-2, -8, -9 (MMP-2, -8, -9), tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), myeloperoxidase (MPO), neutrophil elastase (NE), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), as well as degree of activation of MMP-2, -9 of patients with and without OSAS. DESIGN A total of 50 individuals were included in the study. There were 13, 17 and 20 individuals, respectively in the control (non-OSAS) group, mild-to-moderate OSAS and severe OSAS groups. Saliva, serum samples and clinical periodontal parameters were collected. Biofluid samples were analysed by immunofluorometric assay (IFMA), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western immunoblotting and gelatine zymography. Statistical analyses were performed using D'Agostino-Pearson omnibus normality test, Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman rho rank correlation analysis. RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences in clinical periodontal parameters between the study groups. Salivary NE and proMMP-2 levels were significantly lower in the OSAS groups than the control group (p<0.05). Serum proMMP-9 concentration and the degree of MMP-9 activation in saliva were significantly lower in the severe OSAS group than the control group (p<0.05). There were significant correlations between salivary and serum proMMP-9 and -2 concentrations (p<0.05). Serum proMMP-2, NE and salivary proMMP-9 and -2 negatively correlated with indicators of OSAS severity (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The present findings do not support a pathophysiological link between the severity of OSAS and clinical periodontal status via neutrophil enzymes or MMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nejat Nizam
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Ozen K Basoglu
- Department of Chest Diseases, School of Medicine, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet S Tasbakan
- Department of Chest Diseases, School of Medicine, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Anna Holthöfer
- University of Helsinki, Institute of Dentistry and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taina Tervahartiala
- University of Helsinki, Institute of Dentistry and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Sorsa
- University of Helsinki, Institute of Dentistry and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Division of Periodonlogy, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Nurcan Buduneli
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey.
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Zhang J, Ponomareva LV, Marchillo K, Zhou M, Andes DR, Thorson JS. Synthesis and antibacterial activity of doxycycline neoglycosides. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2013; 76:1627-36. [PMID: 23987662 PMCID: PMC3814126 DOI: 10.1021/np4003096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A set of 37 doxycycline neoglycosides were prepared, mediated via a C-9 alkoxyamino-glycyl-based spacer reminiscent of that of tigecycline. Subsequent in vitro antibacterial assays against representative drug-resistant Gram negative and Gram positive strains revealed a sugar-dependent activity profile and one doxycycline neoglycoside, the 2'-amino-α-D-glucoside conjugate, to rival that of the parent pharmacophore. In contrast, the representative tetracycline-susceptible strain E. coli 25922 was found to be relatively responsive to a range of doxycycline neoglycosides. This study also extends the use of aminosugars in the context of neoglycosylation via a simple two-step strategy anticipated to be broadly applicable for neoglycorandomization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Zhang
- Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0596, United States
| | - Larissa V. Ponomareva
- Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0596, United States
| | - Karen Marchillo
- Department of Medicine and Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1685 Highland Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin, 53705-2281, United States
| | - Maoquan Zhou
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53705-2222, United States
| | - David R. Andes
- Department of Medicine and Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1685 Highland Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin, 53705-2281, United States
| | - Jon S. Thorson
- Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0596, United States
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Akbari G, Prabhuji MLV, Karthikeyan BV, Chorghade SG. MMP-8 analysis in gingival crevicular fluid using ELISA and novel chair-side test. World J Stomatol 2013; 2:24-29. [DOI: 10.5321/wjs.v2.i1.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2012] [Accepted: 01/12/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To validate accuracy of a novel chair-side test for matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 as compared to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in Periodontal health and disease.
METHODS: Gingival crevicular fluid was collected from 150 subjects, Group 1 (healthy) - 50 subjects, Group 2 (gingivitis) - 50 subjects and Group 3 (chronic periodontitis) - 50 subjects. A chair-side test strip was indigenously prepared using polyclonal antibodies (principle of immunochromatography) to detect the MMP-8 levels. The detection accuracy (sensitivity and specificity) of the MMP-8 levels by chair-side test kit were compared with ELISA at baseline and 3 mo after scaling and root planing among the study population.
RESULTS: The novel chair side test detected MMP-8 levels in accordance with ELISA which at baseline were higher in Group 2 and Group 3 as compared to controls (P < 0.05), and these enzyme levels decreased after therapy (P < 0.05). The chair-side test could differentiate healthy, gingivitis and periodontitis. The detection accuracy of the chair-side test strip were on par with ELISA (sensitivity 92.9% and specificity of 100%) which were statistically significant (P < 0.05). A desire to arouse interest about periodontal health and maintenance in the Indian population provided a strong rationale for us to develop our chair-side test strips to suit our economy. Moreover, this was the first ever effort to develop and validate a chair-side test strip to detect MMP-8 levels in the Indian population. This test can be used on a large scale in private dental practice for the early detection of disease, tapping the sites at risk for disease, alongside helps in patient education and motivation for maintenance.
CONCLUSION: This study shows that the novel chair side test kit detects MMP-8 levels a biomarker of periodontal disease progression accurately making it a good chair side diagnostic tool. Further, it is cost effective and time saving which can make it applicable in private dental practice on a large scale for the early detection of periodontal disease.
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Sillat T, Saat R, Pöllänen R, Hukkanen M, Takagi M, Konttinen YT. Basement membrane collagen type IV expression by human mesenchymal stem cells during adipogenic differentiation. J Cell Mol Med 2012; 16:1485-95. [PMID: 21883898 PMCID: PMC3823217 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2011.01442.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
During adipogenic differentiation human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) produce collagen type IV. In immunofluorescence staining differentiating hMSCs started to express collagen type IV when Oil Red O-positive fat droplets appeared intracellularly. Quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction confirmed progressive increase of collagen type IV α1 and α2 mRNA levels over time, 18.6- and 12.2-fold by day 28, respectively, whereas the copy numbers of α3–α6 mRNAs remained rather stable and low. Type IV collagen was in confocal laser scanning microscopy seen around adipocytes, where also laminins and nidogen were found, suggesting pericellular deposition of all key components of the fully developed basement membrane. Immunofluorescence staining of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2, 72 kD type IV collagenase, gelatinase A) and MMP-9 (92 kD type IV collagenase, gelatinase B) disclosed only faint staining of MSCs, but MMP-9 was strongly induced during adipogenesis, whereas MSC supernatants disclosed in zymography pro-MMP-2 and faint pro-MMP-9 bands, which increased over time, with partial conversion of pro-MMP-2 to its active 62 kD form. Differentiation was associated with increasing membrane type 1-MMP/MMP-14 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) staining, which may enable participation of type IV collagenases in basement membrane remodelling via ternary MT1-MMP/TIMP-2/MMP-2 or −9 complexes, focalizing the fully active enzyme to the cell surface. MMP-9, which increased more in immunofluorescence staining, was perhaps preferentially bound to cell surface and/or remodelling adipocyte basement membrane. These results suggest that upon MSC-adipocyte differentiation collagen type IV synthesis and remodelling become necessary when intracellular accumulation of fat necessitates a dynamically supporting and instructive, partly denatured adipogenic pericellular type IV collagen scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarvo Sillat
- Department of Medicine/Invärtes medicin, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Serum Matrix Metalloproteinase-8 and -9 Levels in Disseminated Lyme Borreliosis with Special Reference to Arthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.5618/bio.2012.v2.n1.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Lauhio A, Rezes S, Tervahartiala T, Sziklai I, Pitkäranta A, Sorsa T. Matrix metalloproteinase-8/collagenase-2 in childhood otitis media with effusion. Ann Med 2012; 44:93-9. [PMID: 21047154 DOI: 10.3109/07853890.2010.530684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), gelatinases, have been associated with otitis media with effusion (OME), but the role of collagenase-2/matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) in OME has not been studied previously. We studied the levels, isoenzyme distribution, and activation of MMP-8 in childhood OME, and also the levels of pro- and active forms of MMP-2 and -9 as well as 120 kDa gelatinase complexes were assessed. METHODS Seventy middle ear fluid (MEF) samples were collected from 54 children with OME and classified to mucoid (n = 39) or serous (n = 31). MMPs were studied from MEF samples by time-resolved immunofluorometric assay, Western immunoblotting, and gelatin-zymography. RESULTS MMP-8 was found in its active form in MEF of children with OME. MMP-8 levels were significantly higher in mucous relative to serous OME. The pro- or active MMP-2 and -9 were found in MEF, but no MEF type-specific differences were found. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that MMP-8 may play a role in the pathogenesis of childhood OME. New therapeutic strategies with MMP inhibitors targeting MMP-8, but allowing MMP-8 to carry out the protective action, may play a role in the future treatment of otitis media and OME. However, further studies of this topic are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneli Lauhio
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Jayatilake JAMS, Rajapakse S, Weerasinghe IE, Wanigasekara P, Vasanthathilaka J. Oral hygiene and periodontal status in a group of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. INDIAN JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0973-3698(11)60072-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Lauhio A, Hästbacka J, Pettilä V, Tervahartiala T, Karlsson S, Varpula T, Varpula M, Ruokonen E, Sorsa T, Kolho E. Serum MMP-8, -9 and TIMP-1 in sepsis: high serum levels of MMP-8 and TIMP-1 are associated with fatal outcome in a multicentre, prospective cohort study. Hypothetical impact of tetracyclines. Pharmacol Res 2011; 64:590-4. [PMID: 21742038 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2011.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their endogenous inhibitors are involved in the pathogenesis of sepsis. We studied serum levels of MMP-8, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 (tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1) in a multicentre, prospective cohort study of patients with sepsis treated in Intensive Care Units (ICUs). We analyzed serum samples taken on ICU admission from 248 critically ill sepsis patients. MMP-8, -9 and TIMP-1 serum levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Serum MMP-8, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels were significantly higher in patients with severe sepsis than in healthy controls. Serum MMP-8 levels among non-survivors (n=33) were significantly (p=0.006) higher than among survivors (n=215). Serum TIMP-1 but not MMP-9 levels were significantly higher among non-survivors than survivors (p<0.0001, p=0.079, respectively). Systemic MMP-8 is upregulated in sepsis suggesting that MMP-8 may contribute to the host response during sepsis. High serum MMP-8 and TIMP-1 levels at ICU admission were seen among patients with fatal outcome. With this background, clinical studies examining the ability of MMP-inhibitors (such as the non-antimicrobial properties of tetracyclines) to diminish the MMP-mediated inflammatory response are needed to develop novel therapies in order to improve the outcome of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneli Lauhio
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Buduneli E, Mäntylä P, Emingil G, Tervahartiala T, Pussinen P, Barış N, Akıllı A, Atilla G, Sorsa T. Acute Myocardial Infarction is Reflected in Salivary Matrix Metalloproteinase-8 Activation Level. J Periodontol 2011; 82:716-25. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2010.100492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Kardeşler L, Bıyıkoğlu B, Çetinkalp Ş, Pitkala M, Sorsa T, Buduneli N. Crevicular fluid matrix metalloproteinase-8, -13, and TIMP-1 levels in type 2 diabetics. Oral Dis 2010; 16:476-81. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2010.01659.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Biyikoğlu B, Buduneli N, Kardeşler L, Aksu K, Pitkala M, Sorsa T. Gingival crevicular fluid MMP-8 and -13 and TIMP-1 levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory periodontal disease. J Periodontol 2009; 80:1307-14. [PMID: 19656031 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2009.090130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to compare gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 and -13 and tissue inhibitor of MMP (TIMP)-1 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemically healthy counterparts with inflammatory periodontal disease. METHODS Subjects (N = 74) were divided into five groups: 12 patients with RA and gingivitis; 13 patients with RA and periodontitis; 12 systemically healthy patients with gingivitis; 13 systemically healthy patients with periodontitis; and 24 periodontally and systemically healthy volunteers. Full-mouth clinical periodontal measurements were performed at six sites/tooth. GCF samples obtained from two sites in single-rooted teeth were analyzed by immunofluorometric assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data were assessed statistically by parametric tests. RESULTS The total amounts of MMP-8 were lower in the healthy control group than in RA-gingivitis, RA-periodontitis, and healthy-periodontitis groups (P <0.05). MMP-13 levels were similar in all five study groups (P >0.05). Patients with RA and gingivitis or periodontitis exhibited levels of MMP-8 and -13 and TIMP-1 that were similar to systemically healthy counterparts (P >0.05). CONCLUSIONS The coexistence of RA and periodontitis did not significantly affect the investigated parameters. GCF MMP-8 levels increased with periodontal inflammation. Despite the long-term usage of corticosteroids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, similar GCF MMP-8 and -13 levels in patients with RA and systemically healthy counterparts suggest that RA may create a tendency to overproduce these enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Başak Biyikoğlu
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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Xu L, Yu Z, Lee HM, Wolff MS, Golub LM, Sorsa T, Kuula H. Characteristics of collagenase-2 from gingival crevicular fluid and peri-implant sulcular fluid in periodontitis and peri-implantitis patients: pilot study. Acta Odontol Scand 2008; 66:219-24. [PMID: 18615324 DOI: 10.1080/00016350802183393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare collagenase activity and collagenolytic matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and in peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) in gingivitis (G), chronic periodontitis (CP), and peri-implantitis (PI) human subjects. MATERIAL AND METHODS GCF and PISF were collected on filter paper strips, volume was determined, and samples were extracted in buffer containing general proteinase but not MMP inhibitors. Collagenase activity was measured using a DNP-synthetic octapeptide, and molecular and activation forms of collagenase-2 by Western immunoblotting. RESULTS GCF from CP and G sites exhibited elevated collagenase activity and flow, but collagenase concentrations expressed per microl were not significantly different between the healthy and G sites. Minimal fluid was obtained from healthy PISF, and collagenase concentration was the same or lower than in healthy GCF. Although PISF flow was 34% lower than GCF flow in CP subjects, collagenase concentration in CP and in PI sites was 78% and 971% greater, respectively, than in the appropriate healthy sites. Western immunoblot revealed MMP-8 in both PISF and GCF; fibroblast-type MMP-8 was not detected in healthy GCF and PISF. Immunoreactivity level and inactive and activated forms of PMN-type MMP-8 in GCF and PISF increased with the severity of periodontitis and peri-implantitis. Enhanced levels of fibroblast-type MMP-8 in active form were detected only in severe CP GCF and PI PISF. CONCLUSIONS Peri-implantitis PISF contained higher collagenase-2 levels and activity than GCF from similar deep CP sites. GCF and PISF from severe CP and PI exhibited the highest activation of MMP-8 isoenzymes species (PMN and fibroblast-type).
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Elevated Expression and Activation of Matrix Metalloproteinase 8 in Tear Fluid in Atopic Blepharoconjunctivitis. Cornea 2008; 27:297-301. [DOI: 10.1097/ico.0b013e31815c18d6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lauhio A, Sorsa T, Srinivas R, Stenman M, Tervahartiala T, Stenman UH, Grönhagen-Riska C, Honkanen E. Urinary matrix metalloproteinase -8, -9, -14 and their regulators (TRY-1, TRY-2, TATI) in patients with diabetic nephropathy. Ann Med 2008; 40:312-20. [PMID: 18428024 DOI: 10.1080/07853890801923746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) has been shown to be involved in the development of diabetic nephropathy (DNP). We studied the levels, molecular forms, and degree of activation of urinary MMP-8, -9, -14, trypsin-1 and -2, as well as tumor-associated trypsin inhibitor (TATI) of DNP patients and healthy controls. Urinary samples were analyzed for MMPs by Western blotting and gelatin zymography and for trypsin-1, -2, and TATI by time-resolved immunofluorometric assays. Total MMP-8 immunoreactivity, the proportion of active MMP-9, and gelatinolytic activity in urine were significantly higher in DNP patients than in controls. In urine of DNP patients the proportion of active polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN)-type (but not fibroblast-type) MMP-8 was increased. MMP-8 and MMP-9 were found to form high molecular weight complexes in DNP urine. Total immunoreactivity of soluble urinary MMP-14 and the levels of trypsin (TRY)-1 and TRY-2, but not of TATI, were also significantly increased in DNP. Zymography, Western blotting, and immunofluorometric analysis of DNP urine showed a significant association especially between activation of MMP-9 as well as PMN-type MMP-8 and TRY-2. Our findings suggest that a trypsin-MMP cascade is involved in the pathogenesis of DNP, which may offer new possibilities for diagnosis and treatment of DNP with MMP inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneli Lauhio
- Helsinki University Central Hospital, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Helsinki, Finland.
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Hästbacka J, Hynninen M, Kolho E, Pettilä V, Tervahartiala T, Sorsa T, Lauhio A. Collagenase 2/matrix metalloproteinase 8 in critically ill patients with secondary peritonitis. Shock 2007; 27:145-50. [PMID: 17224788 DOI: 10.1097/01.shk.0000239771.10528.d3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Secondary peritonitis is an important indication for surgical intensive care admissions, and it is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Collagenase 2/matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 8 is a tissue matrix-degrading enzyme that is released from leukocytes upon inflammatory stimuli and may thus contribute to peritonitis-associated organ damage. We studied the levels and activity of MMP-8 in the peritoneal fluid of 15 critically ill patients with secondary peritonitis. The MMP-8 levels were measured from the patients' peritoneal fluid, serum, and urine, and from the serum and urine of 10 healthy controls by immunofluorometric assay. Median MMP-8 level in peritoneal fluid supernatant was 1,317 microg/L (interquartile range [IQR]) (1,254-1,359 microg/L) being significantly higher than in the sera of the patients (P=0.008). Molecular forms and isoform distribution of MMP-8, MMP-1, and MMP-13 in peritoneal fluid, assessed by Western immunoblotting, revealed that the neutrophil-type MMP-8 was the major collagenase species in peritoneal fluid, and it was partially in an activated form. Catalytically competent, active MMP-8 produced the characteristic cleavage products from intact human type I collagen. The serum levels of MMP-8 were higher in the patients, 49 microg/L (IQR, 23-214 microg/L), than in the controls, 11 microg/L (IQR, 8-24 microg/L) (P<0.01). The MMP-8 levels in the urine were higher in the patients, 0.27 microg/L (IQR, 0.04-1.89 microg/L), than in the controls, 0.03 microg/L (IQR, 0.0-0.05 microg/L) (P=0.013). Our data demonstrate for the first time that MMP-8 levels are remarkably elevated and in an active and catalytically competent form in the peritoneal fluid samples of patients with secondary peritonitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Hästbacka
- Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
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Barksby HE, Milner JM, Patterson AM, Peake NJ, Hui W, Robson T, Lakey R, Middleton J, Cawston TE, Richards CD, Rowan AD. Matrix metalloproteinase 10 promotion of collagenolysis via procollagenase activation: implications for cartilage degradation in arthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 54:3244-53. [PMID: 17009259 DOI: 10.1002/art.22167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We have previously reported the up-regulation of matrix metalloproteinase 10 (MMP-10) following treatment with the procatabolic stimulus of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and oncostatin M (OSM) in chondrocytes. Although MMP-10 is closely related to MMP-3, little is known about the role of MMP-10 in cartilage catabolism. The purpose of this study was to determine whether MMP-10 is expressed in connective tissue cells and to assess how it may contribute to cartilage collagenolysis. METHODS MMP gene expression was assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction using RNA from human articular chondrocytes and synovial fibroblasts stimulated with IL-1 plus OSM or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) plus OSM. Synovial fluid levels of MMP-10 were determined by specific immunoassay. Recombinant procollagenases were used in activation studies. Immunohistochemistry assessed MMP-10 expression in diseased joint tissues. RESULTS MMP-10 expression was confirmed in both chondrocytes and synovial fibroblasts following stimulation with either IL-1 plus OSM or TNFalpha plus OSM, and MMP-10 was detected in synovial fluid samples from patients with various arthropathies. Exogenous MMP-10 significantly enhanced collagenolysis from IL-1 plus OSM-stimulated cartilage, and MMP-10 activated proMMP-1, proMMP-8, and proMMP-13. Immunohistochemistry revealed the presence of MMP-10 in the synovium and cartilage of an IL-1 plus OSM-induced model of arthritis as well as in samples of diseased human tissues. CONCLUSION We confirm that both synovial fibroblasts and articular chondrocytes express MMP-10 following treatment with procatabolic stimuli. Furthermore, the detectable levels of synovial fluid MMP-10 and the histologic detection of this proteinase in diseased joint tissues strongly implicate MMP-10 in the cartilage degradome during arthritis. The ability of MMP-10 to superactivate procollagenases that are relevant to cartilage degradation suggests that this activation represents an important mechanism by which this MMP contributes to tissue destruction in arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H E Barksby
- School of Clinical Medical Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
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Määttä M, Tervahartiala T, Vesti E, Airaksinen J, Sorsa T. Levels and Activation of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Aqueous Humor Are Elevated in Uveitis-Related Secondary Glaucoma. J Glaucoma 2006; 15:229-37. [PMID: 16778646 DOI: 10.1097/01.ijg.0000212229.57922.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To measure the levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-2 and to study the expression pattern and molecular forms of MMP-2, 8, 9, 13, and 14 and TIMP-1 and 2 in aqueous humor samples in cases of uveitis-related secondary glaucoma (USG) with a history of up to 20 years by comparison with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and cataracts. METHODS 33 aqueous humor samples were collected during intraocular surgery. MMP-2 and TIMP-2 levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Molecular forms and activation degrees of MMPs and TIMPs were analyzed by Western immunoblotting and zymography. The results were related to the clinical data. RESULTS Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay measurements of both MMP-2 and TIMP-2 were statistically significantly increased in the USG samples relative to POAG and cataracts (P=0.002). In Western blotting all the MMPs showed increased expression and conversion to their active forms in USG, whereas in the POAG and cataract samples MMPs were found mainly in their latent forms. MMP-8, 9, 13, and 14 showed statistically significantly elevated expression in USG relative to POAG and cataracts on densitometric scanning of Western blots. On zymography, MMP-2 and 9 activation was significantly enhanced in USG compared with POAG and cataracts. CONCLUSIONS Increased expression of MMPs and their conversion to active forms is characteristics of the aqueous humor in USG, even with a very long history. This emphasizes the fact that increased MMP expression reflects inflammatory disease activity and is probably associated with the development of USG and its complications. Although intraocular pressure is elevated in both glaucoma types, MMP expression in POAG more closely resembles that in cataracts, and therefore the role of MMPs in USG differs very markedly from that in POAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Määttä
- Department of Ophthalmology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
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Cohen J, Bergstresser P. Response of Behçest's syndrome to brand-name but not generic tetracycline. Clin Exp Dermatol 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.1997.tb01049.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Eviö S, Tarkkila L, Sorsa T, Furuholm J, Välimäki MJ, Ylikorkala O, Tiitinen A, Meurman JH. Effects of alendronate and hormone replacement therapy, alone and in combination, on saliva, periodontal conditions and gingival crevicular fluid matrix metalloproteinase-8 levels in women with osteoporosis. Oral Dis 2006; 12:187-93. [PMID: 16476042 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2005.01186.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT), alendronate and their combination on oral health of elderly postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty patients, aged 65-80 years (mean 71 years), with a T-score of bone mineral density of -2.5 s.d. or less at either the lumbar spine or the femoral neck, were randomized to receive 2 mg of estradiol plus 1 mg norethisterone acetate (HRT) (n = 20), 10 mg of alendronate (n = 18), or their combination (n = 22) for 2 years. Periodontal and oral status and mouth symptoms were recorded, and salivary analyses made at the beginning and at the end of the study. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-8) levels were determined to address destructive events in periodontal tissue. RESULTS Resting salivary flow rate decreased by 19% (P < 0.05), and GCF MMP-8 tended to increase in the alendronate group. None of the regimens affected subjective feelings of dry or burning mouth. There were no significant changes in dental or periodontal status, stimulated flow rate or composition of saliva during the study. CONCLUSIONS Alendronate decreased resting salivary flow rate but otherwise HRT or alendronate separately or in combination had no effect on oral health in elderly women with osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Eviö
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Kantarci A, Hasturk H, Van Dyke TE. Host-mediated resolution of inflammation in periodontal diseases. Periodontol 2000 2006; 40:144-63. [PMID: 16398691 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0757.2005.00145.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alpdogan Kantarci
- Department of Peridontics and Oral Biology, Boston University, Massachusetts, USA
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Määttä M, Kari O, Tervahartiala T, Peltonen S, Kari M, Saari M, Sorsa T. Tear fluid levels of MMP-8 are elevated in ocular rosacea--treatment effect of oral doxycycline. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2006; 244:957-62. [PMID: 16411105 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-005-0212-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2005] [Revised: 11/06/2005] [Accepted: 11/08/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ocular rosacea (OcR) is a chronic inflammatory disease especially affecting lid margins. Previous studies have shown that it is accompanied by increased levels and activation of tear fluid gelatinases. Matrix metalloproteinase 8 (MMP-8; collagenase 2) levels and activation are commonly elevated in many inflammatory conditions. Therefore we studied here whether MMP-8 concentration and activation in tear fluid are increased also in OcR, and if an oral doxycycline regimen could rectify the situation. METHODS Tear fluid samples were collected from 22 OcR patients and 22 healthy controls. The OcR patients were then treated with an oral doxycycline regimen for 8 weeks and tear fluid samples collected again after 4 and 8 weeks. Conjunctival brush cytology and patients' subjective symptoms were scored. MMP-8 concentrations in the tear fluid were assessed by immunofluorometric assay and the molecular forms and isoenzyme expression of MMP-8 were studied by Western immunoblotting. RESULTS The mean MMP-8 concentration was statistically significantly higher in OcR (156.8+/-207.4 mug/ml) than in the normal subjects (53.5+/-66.7 mug/ml) (P=0.036), but decreased to 79.2+/-141.6 mug/l and 53.6+/-75.2 mug/l after 4 and 8 weeks doxycycline treatment, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the untreated OcR and the MMP-8 results after 4 or 8 weeks of oral doxycycline (P=0.041 and 0.069, respectively) and the OcR patients experienced statistically significant relief of their subjective symptoms (P=0.0001) after the doxycycline regimen. Both the normal and OcR tear fluid contained the larger, 60-80 kDa highly- glycosylated polymorphonuclear leukocyte-type MMP-8 isoform in Western immunoblotting, but not the 45-55 kDa less glycosylated mesenchymal-type isoform. MMP-8 activation was in practice present only in the OcR samples, and was inhibited by oral doxycycline. CONCLUSIONS MMP-8 concentration and activation degree in tear fluid are increased in OcR, probably reflecting increased inflammatory activity. Doxycycline effectively reduces these pathologically excessive levels and activation of MMP-8, and relieves patients' subjective symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Määttä
- Department of Ophthalmology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 4, 00029, HUS, Finland.
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Sorsa T, Tjäderhane L, Konttinen YT, Lauhio A, Salo T, Lee HM, Golub LM, Brown DL, Mäntylä P. Matrix metalloproteinases: contribution to pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of periodontal inflammation. Ann Med 2006; 38:306-21. [PMID: 16938801 DOI: 10.1080/07853890600800103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 464] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) form a family of enzymes that mediate multiple functions both in the tissue destruction and immune responses related to periodontal inflammation. The expression and activity of MMPs in non-inflamed periodontium is low but is drastically enhanced to pathologically elevated levels due to the dental plaque and infection-induced periodontal inflammation. Soft and hard tissue destruction during periodontitis and peri-implantitis are thought to reflect a cascade of events involving bacterial virulence factors/enzymes, pro-inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species and MMPs. However, recent studies suggest that MMPs can also exert anti-inflammatory effects in defence of the host by processing anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, as well as by regulating apoptotic and immune responses. MMP-inhibitor (MMPI)-drugs, such as doxycycline, can be used as adjunctive medication to augment both the scaling and root planing-treatment of periodontitis locally and to reduce inflammation systematically. Furthermore, MMPs present in oral fluids (gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF), mouth-rinses and saliva) can be utilized to develop new non-invasive, chair/bed-side, point-of-care diagnostics for periodontitis and dental peri-implantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Central Hospital (HUCH), Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Abstract
The lung is affected by a variety of disease processes that can lead to considerable morbidity and mortality. As the lung is the only organ for respiration and gas exchange, the structural and functional integrity of the lung is of primary importance. Various pathological processes affect the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the lung in an adverse manner, causing destruction of tissue integrity followed by tissue remodeling, which together impair normal pulmonary function. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are neutral proteinases that are involved in the breakdown and remodeling of the ECM under a variety of physiological and pathological conditions. MMP-2 and MMP-9, collectively known as the gelatinases, are particularly important in the pathogenesis of inflammatory, infectious, and neoplastic diseases in many organs including the lung. This review examines the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in disease of the lung and discusses the role these gelatinases may play in disease progression.
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Määttä M, Tervahartiala T, Harju M, Airaksinen J, Autio-Harmainen H, Sorsa T. Matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors in aqueous humor of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma, exfoliation syndrome, and exfoliation glaucoma. J Glaucoma 2005; 14:64-9. [PMID: 15650607 DOI: 10.1097/01.ijg.0000145812.39224.0a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study extracellular matrix (ECM) metabolism by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) in aqueous humor (AH) samples collected from primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), exfoliation syndrome (EXS), and exfoliation glaucoma (EXG) in relation to samples derived from cataract control patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy-one AH samples were collected during cataract extraction and trabeculectomy. The expression and molecular forms of MMP-2, -8, -9, -13, and -14 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 and -2 (TIMPs) were analyzed by Western immunoblotting. Gelatinase and collagenase activities were studied by zymography and type I collagen degradation assays, respectively. MMP-2 and TIMP-2 concentrations were measured by ELISA assays. RESULTS By Western immunoblotting all the studied MMPs were mainly in their latent form in all diagnostic groups. Zymography demonstrated that MMP-2 represents the major gelatinase in AH. Similarly, type I collagenolytic activity was low and similar in cataract and glaucoma samples. In ELISA measurements the TIMP-2 levels were significantly elevated in glaucoma and EXS samples in comparison to cataract controls (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION TIMP-2 is elevated in glaucomatous process over MMP-2, which support and further extend the conjuncture that the ECM accumulation rather than degradation predominates in the pathogenesis of POAG and EXG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Määttä
- Clinic of Ophthalmology, University Central Hospital of Helsinki, Finland.
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Fuchs S, Skwara A, Bloch M, Dankbar B. Differential induction and regulation of matrix metalloproteinases in osteoarthritic tissue and fluid synovial fibroblasts. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2004; 12:409-18. [PMID: 15094140 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2004.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2003] [Accepted: 02/03/2004] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the secretion profiles of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and their inhibitors (TIMP) in synovial fluid-derived fibroblasts and to compare them with those of tissue-derived fibroblasts. METHODS Fibroblast cultures established from synovial tissues (TSC) and fluids (FSC) of the same OA patients were stimulated with tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-alpha, interleukin(IL)-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6 and a combination of TNFalpha and IL-1beta. Cocultures of fibroblasts and cartilage were stimulated either with the cytokine combination or with osteoarthritic synovial fluid. Secretion of MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-13, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Gelatin zymography and immunoblotting were performed to demonstrate enzyme activity. RESULTS TNFalpha, IL-1alpha, and IL-1beta led to marked increases in MMP-1 and MMP-3 release (up to 4.2-fold and 547-fold, respectively) by synovial fibroblasts, whereas secretion of MMP-13 was induced by concomitant administration of TNFalpha and IL-1beta. Expression of intracellular MMP-8 was stimulated by cytokines, but adhesion of synovial fibroblasts to cartilage was required for the release. Throughout the study, significantly higher levels of secreted MMPs were observed in stimulated FSC compared to TSC cultures. Furthermore, increases in MMP secretion were not accompanied by increases in secreted TIMP-1 and TIMP-2, resulting in marked imbalances between enzyme and inhibitor levels. CONCLUSIONS The results provide strong evidence for a significant impact of synovial-derived MMPs on cartilage destruction in OA. In this context, fibroblasts present in the synovial fluid appeared to play an outstanding role.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fuchs
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital of Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Strasse 33, D-48129 Muenster, Germany.
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Colmegna I, Cuchacovich R, Espinoza LR. HLA-B27-associated reactive arthritis: pathogenetic and clinical considerations. Clin Microbiol Rev 2004; 17:348-69. [PMID: 15084505 PMCID: PMC387405 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.17.2.348-369.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Current evidence supports the concept that reactive arthritis (ReA) is an immune-mediated synovitis resulting from slow bacterial infections and showing intra-articular persistence of viable, non-culturable bacteria and/or immunogenetic bacterial antigens synthesized by metabolically active bacteria residing in the joint and/or elsewhere in the body. The mechanisms that lead to the development of ReA are complex and basically involve an interaction between an arthritogenic agent and a predisposed host. The way in which a host accommodates to invasive facultative intracellular bacteria is the key to the development of ReA. The details of the molecular pathways that explain the articular and extra-articular manifestations of the disease are still under investigation. Several studies have been done to gain a better understanding of the pathogenesis of ReA; these constitute the basis for a more rational therapeutic approach to this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Colmegna
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, LSU Health Science Center, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA
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Topsakal C, Kilic N, Ozveren F, Akdemir I, Kaplan M, Tiftikci M, Gursu F. Effects of prostaglandin E1, melatonin, and oxytetracycline on lipid peroxidation, antioxidant defense system, paraoxonase (PON1) activities, and homocysteine levels in an animal model of spinal cord injury. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2003; 28:1643-52. [PMID: 12897486 DOI: 10.1097/01.brs.0000083163.03910.b1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Investigation of the effects of prostaglandin E1, melatonin, and oxytetracycline on lipid peroxidation, antioxidant and paraoxonase activities, and homocysteine levels in an experimental model of spinal cord injury. OBJECTIVES To determine the antioxidant efficacy of prostaglandin E1, melatonin, and oxytetracycline and whether paraoxonase and homocysteine can be used as monitoring parameters in the acute oxidative stress of spinal cord injury. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Melatonin has been found useful in spinal cord injury in previous studies. No study exists investigating the effects of melatonin, prostaglandin E1, and oxytetracycline as well as the response type of paraoxonase enzyme and homocysteine levels in the acute oxidative stress of spinal cord injury. METHODS Sixty-three male albino Wistar rats were anesthetized with 400 mg/kg chloral hydrate and divided into 5 groups. The G1 (n = 7) control group provided the baseline levels. G2-G5 underwent T3-T6 total laminectomies and spinal cord injuries by clip compression at the T4-T5 levels. Medications were applied to G3-G5 right after clip compression. Hence, G2 constituted laminectomy + injury, G3 laminectomy + injury + prostaglandin E1; G4 laminectomy + injury + melatonin, and G5 laminectomy + injury + oxytetracycline groups. Animals were decapitated either the first or fourth hour after injury. Spinal cord tissue and blood malonyldialdehyde and plasma homocysteine levels, plasma glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, paraoxonase activities were assayed. The SPSS 9.0 program was used for statistical analysis and graphics. Intergroup comparisons were made by Bonferroni corrected Mann Whitney U test (P < 0.025) and intragroups comparisons by Wilcoxon Rank test (P < 0.03). RESULTS In injury groups, plasma homocysteine levels decreased and paraoxonase activities increased as erythrocyte superoxide dismutase levels and plasma glutathione peroxidase activities decreased in parallel to increases of tissue and blood malonyldialdehyde levels. These alterations were relatively suppressed by prostaglandin E1, melatonin, and oxytetracycline administrations in varying degrees. Melatonin was the most powerful agent, particularly at the fourth hour. Oxytetracycline was also effective, both at the first and fourth hour. Prostaglandin E1 was effective in comparison to injury group, but not as much as melatonin and oxytetracycline. CONCLUSIONS Melatonin and oxytetracycline are effective in preventing lipid peroxidation in spinal cord injury. Paraoxonase and homocysteine can be used in monitoring the antioxidant defense system as well as superoxide dismutase and plasma glutathione peroxidase, both in injury and medicated groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cahide Topsakal
- Department of Neurosurgery, Firat University School of Medicine, Elazig, Turkey.
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Rajamaki MM, Jarvinen AK, Sorsa T, Maisi P. Collagenolytic Activity in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid in Canine Pulmonary Eosinophilia. J Vet Intern Med 2002. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2002.tb02404.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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43
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Vuotila T, Ylikontiola L, Sorsa T, Luoto H, Hanemaaijer R, Salo T, Tjäderhane L. The relationship between MMPs and pH in whole saliva of radiated head and neck cancer patients. J Oral Pathol Med 2002; 31:329-38. [PMID: 12190815 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0714.2002.310603.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiation therapy for head and neck tumour patients may lead to decreased salivary flow, oral mucosal lesions and increased caries experience. Salivary matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) may participate in the pathogenesis of mucosal lesions and dentinal caries. The aims of this study were: (i) to assay the presence, molecular forms and proteolytic activity of MMP-8 (collagenase-2) and MMP-9 (gelatinase B) in the whole saliva of head and neck cancer patients having radiation therapy; (ii) to see whether salivary pH affects the activity of MMP-8 and MMP-9; and (iii) to find out the possible connection between MMP-8 and MMP-9 with the eruption of oral mucosal lesions during radiation therapy. METHODS The whole saliva samples of 39 head and neck cancer patients having radiation therapy were collected before, during and after radiation therapy, and saliva flow rate, pH, buffer capacity, Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus and Candida albicans were measured. Any oral mucosal lesions were examined during each visit. The levels of MMP-8 were measured by immunofluorometric assay (IFMA) and the presence of different MMP-8 forms was analysed using Western immunoblotting. The presence and molecular forms of MMP-9 were analyzed by gelatin zymography. MMP-9 capture activity assay was used to determine the APMA-activated MMP-9 activity (total) and the endogenously active MMP-9 (free activity). RESULTS Salivary flow rate, buffer capacity and pH decreased, and the levels of Lactobacilli increased significantly, during the first half of the radiation therapy. The endogenously activated salivary MMP-9 correlated with low salivary pH (P = 0.013). No connection was found between the oral mucosal lesions and salivary MMP-8 or MMP-9. CONCLUSIONS In this study, salivary MMP-8 or MMP-9 did not correlate with the presence of radiation induced oral mucosal lesions, but the activation of MMP-9 may be dependent on pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Vuotila
- Department of Diagnostics and Oral Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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44
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Azmak N, Atilla G, Luoto H, Sorsa T. The effect of subgingival controlled-release delivery of chlorhexidine chip on clinical parameters and matrix metalloproteinase-8 levels in gingival crevicular fluid. J Periodontol 2002; 73:608-15. [PMID: 12083533 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2002.73.6.608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study evaluated the efficacy of controlled-release delivery of chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) on clinical parameters and on gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 levels in chronic periodontitis patients. METHODS Twenty patients with chronic periodontitis were screened for 6 months. Two interproximal sites were selected from mesial surfaces of anterior teeth with probing depths of 6 to 8 mm that bled on probing in each patient. There were at least 2 teeth between the selected sites. CHX chip was inserted into a randomly selected site following scaling and root planing (SRP+CHX), while the other selected site received only SRP in each patient. Probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), plaque index (PI), and papilla bleeding index (PBI) were recorded at baseline and at 1, 3, and 6 months. GCF MMP-8 levels were analyzed at baseline; 2 and 10 days; and at 1, 3, and 6 months by immunofluorometric assay (IFMA). RESULTS At baseline, there were no statistically significant differences in the mean PD, CAL, PBI, and PI scores between SRP+CHX and SRP alone groups. At 1, 3, and 6 months, all clinical parameters in each group significantly decreased (P <0.0167) when compared to baseline. The reduction of PD and improvement in CAL were higher in the SRP+CHX group compared to SRP alone at 3 and 6 months. However, the differences between the 2 groups were not statistically significant. PBI and PI scores were not significantly different between SRP+CHX and SRP alone groups at any visit. GCF MMP-8 levels were similar in both groups at baseline. Intragroup analysis showed significant decreases in the GCF MMP-8 level for the SRP+CHX group between baseline and 1, 3, and 6 months (P<0.01). Intergroup analysis demonstrated significantly lower mean levels of GCF MMP-8 at 1 month in the SRP+CHX group compared to the SRP alone group (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that CHX chip application following SRP is beneficial in improving periodontal parameters and reducing GCF MMP-8 levels for 6 months' duration. The use of a chairside MMP-8 dipstick periodontitis test might be a useful adjunctive diagnostic tool when monitoring the course of CHX chip treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nezih Azmak
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
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Moilanen M, Pirilä E, Grénman R, Sorsa T, Salo T. Expression and regulation of collagenase-2 (MMP-8) in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. J Pathol 2002; 197:72-81. [PMID: 12081207 DOI: 10.1002/path.1078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
MMP-8 (collagenase-2) is the most effective collagenase to initiate type I collagen degradation. Since initiation of lysis of the surrounding collagen matrix is an essential prerequisite for carcinoma cells to spread, this study investigated the expression of MMP-8 in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the head and neck in vivo and in vitro. Most of the recently established head and neck carcinoma cell lines (22/25), corresponding tumour (5/7) and dermal (2/2) fibroblasts, commercial tongue carcinoma (HSC-3 and SCC-25), and transformed keratinocyte cell lines of the tongue (IHGK) and skin (HaCaT) expressed MMP-8 mRNA analysed by the PCR method. Western blotting revealed a latent 50 kD band in concentrated culture media of carcinoma cells and corresponding tumour and dermal fibroblasts. The expression of immunoreactive MMP-8 protein was reduced 30% by transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta1) at 1 ng/ml concentration and 60% at 10 ng/ml concentration, but up-regulated 2- and 2.5-fold after 10 nM and 100 nM phorbol 12-myristate 13 acetate (PMA), respectively. Immunohistological staining localized MMP-8 protein in a few malignant invading tumour cell islands, certain fibroblasts, polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), and plasma cells. In situ hybridization revealed a faint sporadic signal in carcinoma cells of all eight tissue sections analysed. It is concluded that tissue from head and neck carcinomas can express MMP-8 both in vivo and in vitro. Since the amount of MMP-8 in carcinoma and stromal cells is rather low, MMP-8 may have a potential role, with other collagenases, in the proteolysis of connective tissue associated with the spreading of invasive carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Moilanen
- Department of Diagnostics and Oral Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, Finland
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Kiili M, Cox SW, Chen HY, Wahlgren J, Maisi P, Eley BM, Salo T, Sorsa T, Chen HW. Collagenase-2 (MMP-8) and collagenase-3 (MMP-13) in adult periodontitis: molecular forms and levels in gingival crevicular fluid and immunolocalisation in gingival tissue. J Clin Periodontol 2002; 29:224-32. [PMID: 11940142 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-051x.2002.290308.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM To determine the cellular and molecular forms of MMP-8 (collagenase-2) and MMP-13 (collagenase-3) associated with chronic adult periodontitis by examining the species present in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and enzyme distribution in gingival tissue. METHODS 30-s GCF samples were collected directly from the periodontal pockets of 12 untreated patients using filter paper strips. After elution into buffer, the samples were examined by Western immunoblotting with polyclonal antibodies for MMP-8 and MMP-13 and quantification by scanning image analysis. Individual band intensities were expressed as a percentage of total sample absorbance and mean patient values were calculated. Gingival tissue from 6 patients was fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin wax. MMP-8 and MMP-13 were localised using the same antibodies and an avidin-biotin-peroxidase detecting system. Double staining was performed with a contrasting substrate reaction. RESULTS The majority of MMP-8 staining in pre-treatment GCF was present in 80, 75 and 60 kD bands corresponding to prepro-, pro- and active forms of PMN-type enzyme. 43 and 38 kD bands evidently represented active, fibroblast-type MMP-8. Immunoreactivities at >100 kD and < or =30 kD were probably enzyme-inhibitor complex and degraded fragments, respectively. MMP-13 was seen mainly as 60 kD proenzyme with some 40 kD active enzyme and a small proportion of >100 kD complex. The percentages of MMP-8 PMN-type enzyme and MMP-13 proenzyme bands correlated significantly with gingival and bleeding indices (p<0.05). Immunohistochemistry demonstrated MMP-8 in PMNs, sulcular epithelial and also plasma cells in inflamed gingival connective tissue. MMP-13 immunoreactivity was detected in the sulcular epithelium and in macrophage-like cells. CONCLUSION Multiple species and elevated levels of both MMP-8 and MMP-13 from many rather than single cellular sources in the diseased periodontium are identified in untreated periodontitis GCF and active forms contribute to GCF collagenase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kiili
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Reuben PM, Wenger L, Cruz M, Cheung HS. Induction of matrix metalloproteinase-8 in human fibroblasts by basic calcium phosphate and calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals: effect of phosphocitrate. Connect Tissue Res 2002; 42:1-12. [PMID: 11696984 DOI: 10.3109/03008200109014244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Although matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) was regarded as the exclusive product of the neutrophils, recent studies have shown that it is also expressed in articular chondrocytes, rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts and endothelial cells. Our aim was to determine the expression of MMP-8 in human fibroblasts (HF) by reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction (RT/PCR). Northern and Western blotting methods and MMP-8 activity assay. We have shown the expression of MMP-8 in HF and its dose-dependent upregulation by basic calcium phosphate (BCP) and calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystals which are markers of severe joint degeneration in osteoarthritis. These effects require new protein synthesis and are reversed by phosphocitrate (PC). The results also show that this fibroblast MMP-8 is distinct from the neutrophil MMP-8 and from the fibroblast MMP-1. These results indicate that MMP-8 may play a significant role in the pathogenic effects of the crystals in osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Reuben
- Research Service & GRECC, Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Medical Center, Miami, Florida, USA
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Buduneli N, Vardar S, Atilla G, Sorsa T, Luoto H, Baylas H. Gingival crevicular fluid matrix metalloproteinase-8 levels following adjunctive use of meloxicam and initial phase of periodontal therapy. J Periodontol 2002; 73:103-9. [PMID: 11846190 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2002.73.1.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of the present study was to assess the effects of adjunctive meloxicam on the matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) levels of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in chronic periodontitis patients following the initial phase of periodontal therapy. METHODS Twelve chronic periodontitis patients received 7.5 mg meloxicam, and 10 patients received placebo tablets together with scaling and root planing in a 1 x 1 regimen for 10 days. Scaling and root planing were performed on day 3 of drug intake. The MMP-8 levels in GCF samples obtained before and on day 10 of drug intake were determined by using the immunofluorescence assay. Plaque index (PI), papilla bleeding index (PBI), and GCF MMP-8 levels were compared within each patient group, between the 2 patient groups, and also with a clinically healthy control group using non-parametric statistical analyses. RESULTS Both meloxicam and placebo groups showed statistically significant reductions in PBI, PI, and GCF MMP-8 levels on day 10 compared to baseline (P<0.01). The GCF MMP-8 level on day 10 in the meloxicam group was similar to the clinically healthy control group (P>0.05), while it was significantly higher in the placebo group (P<0.01). Positive correlations were found between MMP-8 total amounts and PBI scores at baseline and day 10 of drug intake in the patient groups. CONCLUSIONS Meloxicam showed a tendency to reduce GCF MMP-8 levels in vivo within the first 10 days when used as an adjunct in the initial phase of periodontal treatment that consists of scaling and root planing. Verification of this effect on collagenase-2 downregulation, as well as on the clinical periodontal parameters in long-term studies using larger test and control groups, is needed to provide further support for the adjunctive use of selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitors in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurcan Buduneli
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
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Raulo SM, Sorsa TA, Kiili MT, Maisi PS. Evaluation of collagenase activity, matrix metalloproteinase-8, and matrix metalloproteinase-13 in horses with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Vet Res 2001; 62:1142-8. [PMID: 11453493 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.2001.62.1142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine collagenase activity and evaluate matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 and MMP-13 in horses with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). ANIMALS 12 horses with COPD and 12 healthy control horses. PROCEDURE Collagenase activity was determined by use of an assay for degradation of type-I collagen. Western immunoblot analysis was used to identify interstitial collagenases MMP-8 and MMP-13 in tracheal epithelial lining fluid (TELF). Immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization were used to determine cellular expression of these 2 collagenases in cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). RESULTS Collagenase activity was approximately 7 times higher in samples obtained from horses with COPD, compared with control horses. During stabling, horses with COPD had significantly higher collagenase activity than after being maintained on summer pasture, when activity was similar to that of control horses. Immunoreactivity of MMP-8 and MMP-13 was significantly increased in TELF of horses with COPD, compared with healthy horses. In TELF, a positive correlation was detected between immunoreactivity of MMP-8 and MMP-13 and the amount of degradation of type-I collagen. Macrophages and epithelial cells were the major cellular sources of MMP-8 and MMP-13. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Increased collagenase activity in TELF indicates active ongoing disease and, thus, may reflect lung tissue changes in horses with COPD. Measurements of collagenase activity and MMP immunoreactivity may provide additional diagnostic tools to identify the active phase of chronic lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Raulo
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Helsinki University, Finland
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Palosaari H, Wahlgren J, Larmas M, Rönkä H, Sorsa T, Salo T, Tjäderhane L. The expression of MMP-8 in human odontoblasts and dental pulp cells is down-regulated by TGF-beta1. J Dent Res 2000; 79:77-84. [PMID: 10690664 DOI: 10.1177/00220345000790011401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent findings show that matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) is expressed, in addition to neutrophils, by human chondrocytes, cultured fibroblasts, and endothelial cells. We investigated the expression of MMP-8 in other human mesenchyme-derived cells, odontoblasts, and pulp tissue. Odontoblasts and pulp tissue were collected from extracted human teeth for MMP-8 mRNA analysis with reverse-transcription/polymerase chain-reaction (RT-PCR) and Southern blot. The expression, localization, and secretion of MMP-8 protein were studied with Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorometric assay. The effect of TGF-beta1 (10 ng/mL) on the expression, secretion, and concentration of secreted MMP-8 was studied by odontoblast and pulp tissue culture methods (Tjäderhane et al., 1998a). RT-PCR demonstrated MMP-8 mRNA expression in native and cultured odontoblasts and pulp tissue and cultured pulp fibroblasts, with a 522-bp transcript comparable with that of bone marrow cells. The specificity of PCR was confirmed with Southern blot. Western blot with MMP-8-specific antibody detected 65- and 50-kDa proteins in native samples, representing latent and active forms of mesenchymal-type MMP-8, and in the conditioned odontoblast culture media, 50-kDa protein was observed. TGF-beta down-regulated the MMP-8 mRNA and concentration of secreted protein in both cultures. Immunohistochemical staining detected MMP-8 in odontoblasts. These findings indicate that mesenchyme-derived cells of the dentin-pulp complex express, synthesize, and activate MMP-8, which may, in concert with odontoblast-derived gelatinases, participate in organization of dentin organic matrix prior to mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Palosaari
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, Finland.
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