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Gao H, Li D, Hu H, Zhou F, Yu Y, Wei Q, Liu Q, Liu M, Hu P, Chen E, Song P, Su X, Guan Y, Qiao M, Ru Z, Li C. Regulation of carbohydrate metabolism during anther development in a thermo-sensitive genic male-sterile wheat line. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:2410-2425. [PMID: 38517937 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Bainong sterility (BNS) is a thermo-sensitive genic male sterile wheat line, characterised by anther fertility transformation in response to low temperature (LT) stress during meiosis, the failure of vacuole decomposition and the absence of starch accumulation in sterile bicellular pollen. Our study demonstrates that the late microspore (LM) stage marks the transition from the anther growth to anther maturation phase, characterised by the changes in anther structure, carbohydrate metabolism and the main transport pathway of sucrose (Suc). Fructan is a main storage polysaccharide in wheat anther, and its synthesis and remobilisation are crucial for anther development. Moreover, the process of pollen amylogenesis and the fate of the large vacuole in pollen are closely intertwined with fructan synthesis and remobilisation. LT disrupts the normal physiological metabolism of BNS anthers during meiosis, particularly affecting carbohydrate metabolism, thus determining the fate of male gametophytes and pollen abortion. Disruption of fructan synthesis and remobilisation regulation serves as a decisive event that results in anther abortion. Sterile pollen exhibits common traits of pollen starvation and impaired starch accumulation due to the inhibition of apoplastic transport starting from the LM stage, which is regulated by cell wall invertase TaIVR1 and Suc transporter TaSUT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanting Gao
- Henan Engineering Research Centre of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Dongxiao Li
- Henan Engineering Research Centre of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Centre of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hybrid Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Haiyan Hu
- Henan Engineering Research Centre of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Centre of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hybrid Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Henan Engineering Research Centre of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Yongang Yu
- Henan Engineering Research Centre of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Centre of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hybrid Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Qichao Wei
- Henan Engineering Research Centre of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Centre of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hybrid Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Qili Liu
- Henan Engineering Research Centre of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Mingjiu Liu
- Henan Engineering Research Centre of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Centre of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hybrid Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Ping Hu
- Henan Engineering Research Centre of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Centre of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hybrid Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Eryong Chen
- Henan Engineering Research Centre of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Centre of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hybrid Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Puwen Song
- Henan Engineering Research Centre of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Centre of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hybrid Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Xiaojia Su
- Henan Engineering Research Centre of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Centre of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Guan
- Henan Engineering Research Centre of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Centre of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Mei Qiao
- College of Science and Engineering, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Zhengang Ru
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Centre of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hybrid Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Chengwei Li
- Henan Engineering Research Centre of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Liu H, Yao X, Fan J, Lv L, Zhao Y, Nie J, Guo Y, Zhang L, Huang H, Shi Y, Zhang Q, Li J, Sui X. Cell wall invertase 3 plays critical roles in providing sugars during pollination and fertilization in cucumber. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 195:1293-1311. [PMID: 38428987 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
In plants, pollen-pistil interactions during pollination and fertilization mediate pollen hydration and germination, pollen tube growth, and seed set and development. Cell wall invertases (CWINs) help provide the carbohydrates for pollen development; however, their roles in pollination and fertilization have not been well established. In cucumber (Cucumis sativus), CsCWIN3 showed the highest expression in flowers, and we further examined CsCWIN3 for functions during pollination to seed set. Both CsCWIN3 transcript and CsCWIN3 protein exhibited similar expression patterns in the sepals, petals, stamen filaments, anther tapetum, and pollen of male flowers, as well as in the stigma, style, transmitting tract, and ovule funiculus of female flowers. Notably, repression of CsCWIN3 in cucumber did not affect the formation of parthenocarpic fruit but resulted in an arrested growth of stigma integuments in female flowers and a partially delayed dehiscence of anthers with decreased pollen viability in male flowers. Consequently, the pollen tube grew poorly in the gynoecia after pollination. In addition, CsCWIN3-RNA interference plants also showed affected seed development. Considering that sugar transporters could function in cucumber fecundity, we highlight the role of CsCWIN3 and a potential close collaboration between CWIN and sugar transporters in these processes. Overall, we used molecular and physiological analyses to determine the CsCWIN3-mediated metabolism during pollen formation, pollen tube growth, and plant fecundity. CsCWIN3 has essential roles from pollination and fertilization to seed set but not parthenocarpic fruit development in cucumber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xuehui Yao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jingwei Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lijun Lv
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yalong Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jing Nie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yicong Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lidong Zhang
- Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin Kernel Cucumber Research Institute, Tianjin 300192, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Hongyu Huang
- Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin Kernel Cucumber Research Institute, Tianjin 300192, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Yuzi Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jiawang Li
- Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin Kernel Cucumber Research Institute, Tianjin 300192, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Xiaolei Sui
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Guo X, Zhang Z, Li J, Zhang S, Sun W, Xiao X, Sun Z, Xue X, Wang Z, Zhang Y. Phenotypic and transcriptome profiling of spikes reveals the regulation of light regimens on spike growth and fertile floret number in wheat. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:1575-1591. [PMID: 38269615 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The spike growth phase is critical for the establishment of fertile floret (grain) numbers in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Then, how to shorten the spike growth phase and increase grain number synergistically? Here, we showed high-resolution analyses of floret primordia (FP) number, morphology and spike transcriptomes during the spike growth phase under three light regimens. The development of all FP in a spike could be divided into four distinct stages: differentiation (Stage I), differentiation and morphology development concurrently (Stage II), morphology development (Stage III), and polarization (Stage IV). Compared to the short photoperiod, the long photoperiod shortened spike growth and stimulated early flowering by shortening Stage III; however, this reduced assimilate accumulation, resulting in fertile floret loss. Interestingly, long photoperiod supplemented with red light shortened the time required to complete Stages I-II, then raised assimilates supply in the spike and promoted anther development before polarization initiation, thereby increasing fertile FP number during Stage III, and finally maintained fertile FP development during Stage IV until they became fertile florets via a predicted dynamic gene network. Our findings proposed a light regimen, critical stages and candidate regulators that achieved a shorter spike growth phase and a higher fertile floret number in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Guo
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing, China
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Junyan Li
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Siqi Zhang
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Wan Sun
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuechen Xiao
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhencai Sun
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuzhang Xue
- National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Zhimin Wang
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yinghua Zhang
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Robson JK, Tidy AC, Thomas SG, Wilson ZA. Environmental regulation of male fertility is mediated through Arabidopsis transcription factors bHLH89, 91, and 10. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:1934-1947. [PMID: 38066689 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Formation of functional pollen and successful fertilization rely on the spatial and temporal regulation of anther and pollen development. This process responds to environmental cues to maintain optimal fertility despite climatic changes. Arabidopsis transcription factors basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) 10, 89, and 91 were previously thought to be functionally redundant in their control of male reproductive development, however here we show that they play distinct roles in the integration of light signals to maintain pollen development under different environmental conditions. Combinations of the double and triple bHLH10,89,91 mutants were analysed under normal (200 μmol m-2 s-1) and low (50 μmol m-2 s-1) light conditions to determine the impact on fertility. Transcriptomic analysis of a new conditionally sterile bhlh89,91 double mutant shows differential regulation of genes related to sexual reproduction, hormone signal transduction, and lipid storage and metabolism under low light. Here we have shown that bHLH89 and bHLH91 play a role in regulating fertility in response to light, suggesting that they function in mitigating environmental variation to ensure fertility is maintained under environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan K Robson
- Division of Plant & Crop Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicester LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Alison C Tidy
- Division of Plant & Crop Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicester LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Stephen G Thomas
- Sustainable Soils and Crops, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Zoe A Wilson
- Division of Plant & Crop Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicester LE12 5RD, UK
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Li J, Li Q, Guo N, Xian Q, Lan B, Nangia V, Mo F, Liu Y. Polyamines mediate the inhibitory effect of drought stress on nitrogen reallocation and utilization to regulate grain number in wheat. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:1016-1035. [PMID: 37813095 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress poses a serious threat to grain formation in wheat. Nitrogen (N) plays crucial roles in plant organ development; however, the physiological mechanisms by which drought stress affects plant N availability and mediates the formation of grains in spikes of winter wheat are still unclear. In this study, we determined that pre-reproductive drought stress significantly reduced the number of fertile florets and the number of grains formed. Transcriptome analysis demonstrated that this was related to N metabolism, and in particular, the metabolism pathways of arginine (the main precursor for synthesis of polyamine) and proline. Continuous drought stress restricted plant N accumulation and reallocation rates, and plants preferentially allocated more N to spike development. As the activities of amino acid biosynthesis enzymes and catabolic enzymes were inhibited, more free amino acids accumulated in young spikes. The expression of polyamine synthase genes was down-regulated under drought stress, whilst expression of genes encoding catabolic enzymes was enhanced, resulting in reductions in endogenous spermidine and putrescine. Treatment with exogenous spermidine optimized N allocation in young spikes and leaves, which greatly alleviated the drought-induced reduction in the number of grains per spike. Overall, our results show that pre-reproductive drought stress affects wheat grain numbers by regulating N redistribution and polyamine metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road 3, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Qi Li
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road 3, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Nian Guo
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road 3, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Qinglin Xian
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road 3, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Bing Lan
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road 3, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Vinay Nangia
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), P.O. Box 6299-10112, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Fei Mo
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road 3, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road 3, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
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Rubab M, Jannat S, Freeg H, Abbas H, Attia KA, Fiaz S, Zahra N, Uzair M, Inam S, Shah AH, Kimiko I, Naeem MK, Khan MR. Evaluation of functional kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers for selection of drought-tolerant wheat ( Triticum aestivum) genotypes. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2024; 51:NULL. [PMID: 37308134 DOI: 10.1071/fp23032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum ) is a major crop around the globe and different techniques are being used for its productivity enhancement. Germplasm evaluation to improve crop productivity mainly depends on accurate phenotyping and selection of genotypes with a high frequency of superior alleles related to the trait of interest. Therefore, applying functional kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers for drought-related genes is essential to characterise the genotypes for developing future climate-resilient wheat crop. In this study, eight functional KASP markers and nine morphological traits were employed to evaluate the 40 wheat genotypes for drought tolerance. Morphological traits showed significant variation (P ≤0.05) among the genotypes, except tiller count (TC), fresh root weight (FRW) and dry root weight (DRW). PCA biplot showed that 63.3% phenotypic variation was explained by the first two PCs under control treatment, while 70.8% variation was explained under drought treatment. It also indicated that root length (RL) and primary root (PR) have considerable variations among the genotypes under both treatments and are positively associated with each other. Hence, the findings of this study suggested that both these traits could be used as a selection criterion to classify the drought-tolerant wheat genotypes. KASP genotyping accompanied by morphological data revealed that genotypes Markaz, Bhakar Star, China 2, Aas and Chakwal-50 performed better under drought stress. These outperforming genotypes could be used as parents in developing drought-tolerant wheat genotypes. Hence, KASP genotyping assay for functional genes or significant haplotypes and phenotypic evaluation are prerequisites for a modern breeding program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marya Rubab
- National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), Park Road, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan; and Department of Biotechnology, University of Kotli, Kotli, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Summiya Jannat
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kotli, Kotli, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Haytham Freeg
- Rice Biotechnology Lab., Rice Research and Training Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafrelsheikh 33717, Egypt
| | - Hina Abbas
- National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), Park Road, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan
| | - Kotb A Attia
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, POX 2455-11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sajid Fiaz
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan
| | - Nageen Zahra
- National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), Park Road, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Uzair
- National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), Park Road, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan
| | - Safeena Inam
- National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), Park Road, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan
| | - Asad Hussain Shah
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kotli, Kotli, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Itoh Kimiko
- Institute of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Muhammad Kashif Naeem
- National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), Park Road, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ramzan Khan
- National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), Park Road, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan
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Nahuelcura J, Ortega T, Peña F, Berríos D, Valdebenito A, Contreras B, Santander C, Cornejo P, Ruiz A. Antioxidant Response, Phenolic Compounds and Yield of Solanum tuberosum Tubers Inoculated with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Growing under Water Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:4171. [PMID: 38140498 PMCID: PMC10747638 DOI: 10.3390/plants12244171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Solanum tuberosum (potato) is one of the most common crops worldwide; however, it is sensitive to water stress, which necessitates the identification of alternative tools to improve their production. Here, we evaluated the inoculation of two arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) strains, Claroideoglomus claroideum (CC), Claroideoglomus lamellosum (HMC26), and the MIX (CC + HMC26) in yield and phenolic and antioxidant response using chromatographic and spectroscopic methods in potato crops, at increasing levels of water stress, namely, with 100% (0), 70% (S1), and 40% (S2) soil humidity. Two caffeoylquinic acid isomers were detected and their levels showed a tendency to increase under stress together with the AMF inoculation, reaching up to 19.2 mg kg-1 of 5-caffeoylquinic acid and 7.4 mg kg-1 of caffeoylquinic acid isomer when CC was inoculated, and potato plants grew at the highest water starvation condition (S2). Regarding antioxidant activities, a differentiated response was detected depending on the AMF strain, highlighting the effect of HMC26 on Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) method and CC in cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) method, reaching up to 1.5 μmol g-1 of TEAC in plants inoculated with HMC26 and 0.9 μmol g-1 of CUPRAC in plants inoculated with CC, both in potato tubers of plants growing under the S2 stress condition. Meanwhile, the use of AMF did not influence the number and biomass of the tubers, but significant changes in the biochemical properties of tubers were observed. The results suggest that specific AMF adaptations to water stress must be considered when inoculation procedures are planned to improve the yield and quality of tubers in potato crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javiera Nahuelcura
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus BIOREN-UFRO, Universidad de La Frontera, Avda. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (J.N.); (T.O.); (F.P.); (D.B.); (A.V.); (C.S.)
| | - Tiare Ortega
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus BIOREN-UFRO, Universidad de La Frontera, Avda. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (J.N.); (T.O.); (F.P.); (D.B.); (A.V.); (C.S.)
| | - Fabiola Peña
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus BIOREN-UFRO, Universidad de La Frontera, Avda. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (J.N.); (T.O.); (F.P.); (D.B.); (A.V.); (C.S.)
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Agroalimentarias y Medioambiente, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Región de la Araucanía, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Daniela Berríos
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus BIOREN-UFRO, Universidad de La Frontera, Avda. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (J.N.); (T.O.); (F.P.); (D.B.); (A.V.); (C.S.)
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Agroalimentarias y Medioambiente, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Región de la Araucanía, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Analía Valdebenito
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus BIOREN-UFRO, Universidad de La Frontera, Avda. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (J.N.); (T.O.); (F.P.); (D.B.); (A.V.); (C.S.)
| | - Boris Contreras
- Novaseed Ltda., Loteo Pozo de Ripio s/n, Parque Ivian II, Puerto Varas 5550000, Chile;
| | - Christian Santander
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus BIOREN-UFRO, Universidad de La Frontera, Avda. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (J.N.); (T.O.); (F.P.); (D.B.); (A.V.); (C.S.)
| | - Pablo Cornejo
- Escuela de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas y de los Alimentos, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Quillota 2260000, Chile
- Centro Regional de Investigación e Innovación para la Sostenibilidad de la Agricultura y los Territorios Rurales, CERES, La Palma, Quillota 2260000, Chile
| | - Antonieta Ruiz
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus BIOREN-UFRO, Universidad de La Frontera, Avda. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (J.N.); (T.O.); (F.P.); (D.B.); (A.V.); (C.S.)
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Warzecha T, Bocianowski J, Warchoł M, Bathelt R, Sutkowska A, Skrzypek E. Effect of Soil Drought Stress on Selected Biochemical Parameters and Yield of Oat × Maize Addition (OMA) Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13905. [PMID: 37762208 PMCID: PMC10531036 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant growth and the process of yield formation in crops are moderated by surrounding conditions, as well as the interaction of the genetic background of plants and the environment. In the last two decades, significant climatic changes have been observed, generating unfavorable and harmful impacts on plant development. Drought stress can be considered one of the most dangerous environmental factors affecting the life cycle of plants, reducing biomass production and, finally, the yield. Plants can respond to water deficit in a wide range, which depends on the species, genetic variability within the species, the plant's ontogenesis stage, the intensity of the stress, and other potential stress factors. In plants, it is possible to observe hybrids between different taxa that certain traits adopted to tolerate stress conditions better than the parent plants. Oat × maize addition (OMA) plants are good examples of hybrids generated via wide crossing. They can exhibit morphological, physiological, and biochemical variations implemented by the occurrence of extra chromosomes of maize, as well as the interaction of maize and oat chromatin. The initial goal of the study was to identify OMA lines among plants produced by wide crossing with maize. The main goal was to investigate differences in OMA lines according to the Excised Leaf Water Loss (ELWL) test and to identify specific biochemical changes and agronomic traits under optimal water conditions and soil drought. Additionally, detection of any potential alterations that are stable in F2 and F3 generations. The aforementioned outcomes were the basis for the selection of OMA lines that tolerate growth in an environment with limited water availability. The molecular analysis indicated 12.5% OMA lines among all tested descendants of wide oat-maize crossing. The OMA lines significantly differ according to ELWL test results, which implies some anatomical and physiological adaptation to water loss from tissues. On the first day of drought, plants possessed 34% more soluble sugars compared to control plants. On the fourteen day of drought, the amount of soluble sugars was reduced by 41.2%. A significant increase of phenolic compounds was observed in the fourteen day of drought, an average of 6%, even up to 57% in line 9. Soil drought substantially reduced stem biomass, grains number, and mass per plant. Lower water loss revealed by results of the ELWL test correlated with the high yield of OMA lines. Phenolic compound content might be used as a biochemical indicator of plant drought tolerance since there was a significant correlation with the high yield of plants subjected to soil drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Warzecha
- Department of Plant Breeding, Physiology and Seed Science, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Łobzowska 24, 31-140 Kraków, Poland; (T.W.); (R.B.); (A.S.)
| | - Jan Bocianowski
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
| | - Marzena Warchoł
- Department of Biotechnology, The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (M.W.); (E.S.)
| | - Roman Bathelt
- Department of Plant Breeding, Physiology and Seed Science, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Łobzowska 24, 31-140 Kraków, Poland; (T.W.); (R.B.); (A.S.)
| | - Agnieszka Sutkowska
- Department of Plant Breeding, Physiology and Seed Science, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Łobzowska 24, 31-140 Kraków, Poland; (T.W.); (R.B.); (A.S.)
| | - Edyta Skrzypek
- Department of Biotechnology, The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (M.W.); (E.S.)
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9
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Melash AA, Bogale AA, Bytyqi B, Nyandi MS, Ábrahám ÉB. Nutrient management: as a panacea to improve the caryopsis quality and yield potential of durum wheat ( Triticum turgidum L.) under the changing climatic conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1232675. [PMID: 37701803 PMCID: PMC10493400 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1232675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
The increasing human population and the changing climate, which have given rise to frequent drought spells, pose a serious threat to global food security, while identification of high-yielding drought-tolerant genotypes coupled with nutrient management remains a proficient approach to cope with these challenges. An increase in seasonal temperature, recurring drought stress, and elevated atmospheric CO2 are alarmingly affecting durum wheat production, productivity, grain quality, and the human systems it supports. An increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide can improve wheat grain yield in a certain amount, but the right amount of nutrients, water, and other required conditions should be met to realize this benefit. Nutrients including nitrogen, silicon, and sulfur supply could alleviate the adverse effects of abiotic stress by enhancing antioxidant defense and improving nitrogen assimilation, although the effects on plant tolerance to drought stress varied with nitrogen ionic forms. The application of sewage sludge to durum wheat also positively impacts its drought stress tolerance by triggering high accumulation of osmoregulators, improving water retention capacity in the soil, and promoting root growth. These beneficial effect of nutrients contribute to durum wheat ability to withstand and recover from abiotic stress conditions, ultimately enhance its productivity and resilience. While these nutrients can provide benefits when applied in appropriate amounts, their excessive use can lead to adverse environmental consequences. Advanced technologies such as precision nutrient management, unmanned aerial vehicle-based spraying, and anaerobic digestion play significant roles in reducing the negative effects associated with nutrients like sewage sludge, zinc, nanoparticles and silicon fertilizers. Hence, nutrient management practices offer significant potential to enhance the caryopsis quality and yield potential of durum wheat. Through implementing tailored nutrient management strategies, farmers, breeders, and agronomists can contribute to sustainable durum wheat production, ensuring food security and maintaining the economic viability of the crop under the changing climatic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anteneh Agezew Melash
- Kálmán Kerpely Doctoral School of Crop Production and Horticultural Science, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Environmental Science, Debark University, Debark, Ethiopia
| | - Amare Assefa Bogale
- Institute of Crop Production, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Bekir Bytyqi
- Kálmán Kerpely Doctoral School of Crop Production and Horticultural Science, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Muhoja Sylivester Nyandi
- Kálmán Kerpely Doctoral School of Crop Production and Horticultural Science, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Éva Babett Ábrahám
- Faculty of Agricultural, Food Sciences and Environmental Management, Institute of Crop Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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10
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Munns R, Millar AH. Seven plant capacities to adapt to abiotic stress. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:4308-4323. [PMID: 37220077 PMCID: PMC10433935 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses such as drought and heat continue to impact crop production in a warming world. This review distinguishes seven inherent capacities that enable plants to respond to abiotic stresses and continue growing, although at a reduced rate, to achieve a productive yield. These are the capacities to selectively take up essential resources, store them and supply them to different plant parts, generate the energy required for cellular functions, conduct repairs to maintain plant tissues, communicate between plant parts, manage existing structural assets in the face of changed circumstances, and shape-shift through development to be efficient in different environments. By illustration, we show how all seven plant capacities are important for reproductive success of major crop species during drought, salinity, temperature extremes, flooding, and nutrient stress. Confusion about the term 'oxidative stress' is explained. This allows us to focus on the strategies that enhance plant adaptation by identifying key responses that can be targets for plant breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Munns
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - A Harvey Millar
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
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11
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Ogrodowicz P, Kuczyńska A, Krajewski P, Kempa M. The effects of heading time on yield performance and HvGAMYB expression in spring barley subjected to drought. J Appl Genet 2023; 64:289-302. [PMID: 36897474 PMCID: PMC10076406 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-023-00755-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
In the lifetime of a plant, flowering is not only an essential part of the reproductive process but also a critical developmental stage that can be vulnerable to environmental stresses. To ensure survival during drought, plants accelerate the flowering process, and this response is known as "drought escape." HvGAMYB-transcription factor associated, among others, with flowering process and anther development in barley-has also an important role in developmental modification and yield performance in plants subjected to stressed conditions. Due to the fact that information about the mechanisms associated both with the flowering acceleration and the anther or pollen disruption is limited, the exploration of the potential HvGAMYB role in flower development may shed light on pollen and spike morphology formations in plants grown under unfavorable water conditions. The aim of this study was to characterize differences in responses to drought among early- and late-heading barley genotypes. These two subgroups of plants-differentiated in terms of phenology-were analyzed, and traits linked to plant phenotype, physiology, and yield were investigated. In our study, the drought stress reactions of two barley subgroups showed a wide range of diversity in terms of yield performance, anther morphology, chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics, and pollen viability. The studied plants exhibited different yield performances under control and drought conditions. Moreover, the random distribution of genotypes on the biplot showing variability of OJIP parameters in the second developmental point of our investigation revealed that prolonged drought stress caused that among early- and late-heading plants, the studied genotypes exhibited different responses to applied stress conditions. The results of this study also showed that the HvGAMYB expression level was correlated positively with traits associated with lateral spike morphology in the second developmental point of this investigation, which showed that this association occurred only under prolonged drought and highlighted the drought stress duration effect on the HvGAMYB expression level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Ogrodowicz
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 Strzeszynska street, 60-479, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Anetta Kuczyńska
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 Strzeszynska street, 60-479, Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Krajewski
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 Strzeszynska street, 60-479, Poznan, Poland
| | - Michał Kempa
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 Strzeszynska street, 60-479, Poznan, Poland
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12
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Ullah A, Zhao C, Zhang M, Sun C, Liu X, Hu J, Zeeshan M, Zaid A, Dai T, Tian Z. Nitrogen enhances the effect of pre-drought priming against post-anthesis drought stress by regulating starch and protein formation in wheat. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e13907. [PMID: 37039612 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress is one of the most serious environmental stress factor constraining crop production across the globe. Among cereals, wheat grains are very sensitive to drought as a small degree of stress can affect the enzymatic system. This study aimed to investigate whether nitrogen and pre-anthesis drought priming could enhance the action of major regulatory enzymes involved in starch accumulation and protein synthesis in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). For this purpose, cultivars YM-158 (medium gluten) and YM-22 (low gluten) were grown in rain-controlled conditions under two nitrogen levels, that is, N180 (N1) and N300 (N2). Drought priming was applied at the jointing stage and drought stress was applied 7 days after anthesis. Drought stress reduced starch content but enhanced protein content in grains. N2 and primed plants kept higher contents of nonstructural carbohydrates, fructans, and sucrose; with higher activity of sucrose-phosphate synthase in flag leaves. Furthermore, N2 and priming treatments showed higher sink ability to develop grains by showing higher sucrose-to-starch conversion activities of adenosine diphosphate-glucose pyrophosphorylase, uridine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase, sucrose-synthase, soluble-starch synthase, starch branching enzyme, and granule-bound starch synthase as compared to N1 and non-primed treatments. The application of N2 and primed treatment showed a greater ability to maintain grain filling in both cultivars as compared to N1 and non-primed crops. Our study suggested that high nitrogen has the potential to enhance the effect of pre-drought priming to change source-sink relationships and grain yield of wheat under drought stress during the filling process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attiq Ullah
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Production Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengfeng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Production Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Maixi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Production Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuanjiao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Production Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoxue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Production Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingling Hu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Production Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Muhammad Zeeshan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Henry Fork School of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
| | - Abbu Zaid
- Department of Botany, Government Gandhi Memorial Science College, Cluster University, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Tingbo Dai
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Production Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhongwei Tian
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Production Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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13
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Shankar A, Prasad V. Potential of desiccation-tolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria in growth augmentation of wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) under drought stress. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1017167. [PMID: 36846750 PMCID: PMC9945272 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1017167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield and physiology are adversely affected due to limited water availability. However, desiccation-tolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (DT-PGPR) are potential candidates that can overcome the negative impacts of water stress. In the present study, a total of 164 rhizobacterial isolates were screened for desiccation tolerance up to -0.73 MPa osmotic pressure, of which five isolates exhibited growth and expression of plant growth properties under the influence of desiccation stress of -0.73 MPa. These five isolates were identified as Enterobacter cloacae BHUAS1, Bacillus cereus BHUAS2, Bacillus megaterium BHUIESDAS3, Bacillus megaterium BHUIESDAS4, and Bacillus megaterium BHUIESDAS5. All five isolates exhibited plant growth-promoting properties and production of exopolysaccharide (EPS) under the impact of desiccation stress. Furthermore, a pot experiment on wheat (variety HUW-234) inoculated with the isolates Enterobacter cloacae BHUAS1, Bacillus cereus BHUAS2, and Bacillus megaterium BHUIESDAS3 exhibited a positive influence on the growth of wheat under the condition of water stress. A significant improvement in plant height, root length, biomass, chlorophyll and carotenoid content, membrane stability index (MSI), leaf relative water content (RWC), total soluble sugar, total phenol, proline, and total soluble protein, were recorded under limited water-induced drought stress in treated plants as compared with non-treated plants. Moreover, plants treated with Enterobacter cloacae BHUAS1, Bacillus cereus BHUAS2, and Bacillus megaterium BHUIESDAS3 depicted improvement in enzymatic activities of several antioxidant enzymes such as guaiacol peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Beside this significant decrease in electrolyte leakage, H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were also recorded in treated plants. From the results obtained, it is evident that E. cloacae BHUAS1, B. megaterium BHUIESDAS3, and B. cereus BHUAS2 are the potential DT-PGPR having the capability to sustain growth and yield, alleviating the deleterious effect of water stress in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Shankar
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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14
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Callens C, Fernandez-Goméz J, Tucker MR, Zhang D, Wilson ZA. Heat stress responses vary during floret development in European spring barley cultivars. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:918730. [PMID: 36816480 PMCID: PMC9936242 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.918730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The Poaceae, or grasses, include many agriculturally important cereal crops such as rice (Oryza sativa), maize (Zea mays), barley (Hordeum vulgare) and bread wheat (Triticum aestivum). Barley is a widely grown cereal crop used for stock feed, malting and brewing. Abiotic stresses, particularly global warming, are the major causes of crop yield losses by affecting fertility and seed set. However, effects of heat stress on reproductive structures and fertility in barley have not been extensively investigated. In this study we examined three commercial European spring barley varieties under high temperature conditions to investigate the effects on floret development. Using a combination of fertility assays, X-ray micro computed tomography, 3-dimensional modelling, cytology and immunolabelling, we observed that male reproductive organs are severely impacted by increased temperature, while the female reproductive organs are less susceptible. Importantly, the timing of stress relative to reproductive development had a significant impact on fertility in a cultivar-dependent manner, this was most significant at pollen mitosis stage with fertility ranged from 31.6-56.0% depending on cultivar. This work provides insight into how heat stress, when applied during male pollen mother cell meiosis and pollen mitosis, affects barley fertility and seed set, and also describes complementary invasive and non-invasive techniques to investigate floret development. This information will be used to identify and study barley cultivars that are less susceptible to heat stress at specific stages of floral development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Callens
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
- Waite Research Institute, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
| | | | - Matthew R. Tucker
- Waite Research Institute, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
| | - Dabing Zhang
- Waite Research Institute, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zoe A. Wilson
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
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15
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Duvnjak J, Lončarić A, Brkljačić L, Šamec D, Šarčević H, Salopek-Sondi B, Španić V. Morpho-Physiological and Hormonal Response of Winter Wheat Varieties to Drought Stress at Stem Elongation and Anthesis Stages. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:418. [PMID: 36771504 PMCID: PMC9921141 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress can significantly reduce wheat growth and development as well as grain yield. This study investigated morpho-physiological and hormonal (abscisic (ABA) and salicylic (SA) acids) responses of six winter wheat varieties during stem elongation and anthesis stage as well grain yield-related traits were measured after harvest. To examine drought response, plants were exposed to moderate non-lethal drought stress by withholding watering for 45 and 65% of the volumetric soil moisture content (VSMC) for 14 days at separate experiments for each of those two growth stages. During the stem elongation phase, ABA was increased, confirming the stress status of plants, and SA showed a tendency to increase, suggesting their role as stress hormones in the regulation of stress response, such as the increase in the number of leaves and tillers in drought stress conditions, and further keeping turgor pressure and osmotic adjustment in leaves. At the anthesis stage, heavier drought stress resulted in ABA accumulation in flag leaves that generated an integrated response of maturation, where ABA was not positively correlated with any of investigated traits. After harvest, the variety Bubnjar, followed by Pepeljuga and Anđelka, did not significantly decrease the number of grains per ear and 1000 kernel weight (except Anđelka) in drought treatments, thus, declaring them more tolerant to drought. On the other hand, Rujana, Fifi, and particularly Silvija experienced the highest reduction in grain yield-related traits, considering them drought-sensitive varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurica Duvnjak
- Department for Breeding & Genetics of Small Cereal Crops, Agricultural Institute Osijek, Južno Predgrađe 17, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ante Lončarić
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, University of J.J. Strossmayer in Osijek, Franje Kuhača 18, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Lidija Brkljačić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dunja Šamec
- Department of Food Technology, University Center Koprivnica, University North, Trg dr. Žarka Dolinara 1, 48000 Koprivnica, Croatia
| | - Hrvoje Šarčević
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Valentina Španić
- Department for Breeding & Genetics of Small Cereal Crops, Agricultural Institute Osijek, Južno Predgrađe 17, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
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16
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Poggi GM, Corneti S, Aloisi I, Ventura F. Environment-oriented selection criteria to overcome controversies in breeding for drought resistance in wheat. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 280:153895. [PMID: 36529076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Wheat is one of the most important cereal crops, representing a fundamental source of calories and protein for the global human population. Drought stress (DS) is a widespread phenomenon, already affecting large wheat-growing areas worldwide, and a major threat for cereal productivity, resulting in consistent losses in average grain yield (GY). Climate change is projected to exacerbate DS incidence and severity by increasing temperatures and changing rainfall patterns. Estimating that wheat production has to substantially increase to guarantee food security to a demographically expanding human population, the need for breeding programs focused on improving wheat drought resistance is manifest. Drought occurrence, in terms of time of appearance, duration, frequency, and severity, along the plant's life cycle varies significantly among different environments and different agricultural years, making it difficult to identify reliable phenological, morphological, and functional traits to be used as effective breeding tools. The situation is further complicated by the presence of confounding factors, e.g., other concomitant abiotic stresses, in an open-field context. Consequently, the relationship between morpho-functional traits and GY under water deficit is often contradictory; moreover, controversies have emerged not only on which traits are to be preferred, but also on how one specific trait should be desired. In this review, we attempt to identify the possible causes of these disputes and propose the most suitable selection criteria in different target environments and, thus, the best trait combinations for breeders in different drought contexts. In fact, an environment-oriented approach could be a valuable solution to overcome controversies in identifying the proper selection criteria for improving wheat drought resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Maria Poggi
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Corneti
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Iris Aloisi
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Francesca Ventura
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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17
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Huang W, Li Y, Du Y, Pan L, Huang Y, Liu H, Zhao Y, Shi Y, Ruan YL, Dong Z, Jin W. Maize cytosolic invertase INVAN6 ensures faithful meiotic progression under heat stress. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 236:2172-2188. [PMID: 36104957 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Faithful meiotic progression ensures the generation of viable gametes. Studies suggested the male meiosis of plants is sensitive to ambient temperature, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we characterized a maize (Zea mays ssp. mays L.) dominant male sterile mutant Mei025, in which the meiotic process of pollen mother cells (PMCs) was arrested after pachytene. An Asp-to-Asn replacement at position 276 of INVERTASE ALKALINE NEUTRAL 6 (INVAN6), a cytosolic invertase (CIN) that predominantly exists in PMCs and specifically hydrolyses sucrose, was revealed to cause meiotic defects in Mei025. INVAN6 interacts with itself as well as with four other CINs and seven 14-3-3 proteins. Although INVAN6Mei025 , the variant of INVAN6 found in Mei025, lacks hydrolytic activity entirely, its presence is deleterious to male meiosis, possibly in a dominant negative repression manner through interacting with its partner proteins. Notably, heat stress aggravated meiotic defects in invan6 null mutant. Further transcriptome data suggest INVAN6 has a fundamental role for sugar homeostasis and stress tolerance of male meiocytes. In summary, this work uncovered the function of maize CIN in male meiosis and revealed the role of CIN-mediated sugar metabolism and signalling in meiotic progression under heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Maize Improvement Center, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Yunfei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Maize Improvement Center, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Maize Improvement Center, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lingling Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Maize Improvement Center, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yumin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Maize Improvement Center, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hongbing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Maize Improvement Center, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Maize Improvement Center, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yunlu Shi
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yong-Ling Ruan
- Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Zhaobin Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Maize Improvement Center, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Weiwei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Maize Improvement Center, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya, 572025, China
- Fresh Corn Research Center of BTH, College of Agronomy & Resources and Environment, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China
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Lee MH, Kim KM, Sang WG, Kang CS, Choi C. Comparison of Gene Expression Changes in Three Wheat Varieties with Different Susceptibilities to Heat Stress Using RNA-Seq Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810734. [PMID: 36142649 PMCID: PMC9505106 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Wheat is highly susceptible to heat stress, which significantly reduces grain yield. In this study, we used RNA-seq technology to analyze the transcript expression at three different time-points after heat treatment in three cultivars differing in their susceptibility to heat stress: Jopum, Keumkang, and Olgeuru. A total of 11,751, 8850, and 14,711; 10,959, 7946, and 14,205; and 22,895, 13,060, and 19,408 differentially-expressed genes (log2 fold-change > 1 and FDR (padj) < 0.05) were identified in Jopum, Keumkang, and Olgeuru in the control vs. 6-h, in the control vs. 12-h, and in the 6-h vs. 12-h heat treatment, respectively. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the biological processes for DEGs, such as the cellular response to heat and oxidative stress—and including the removal of superoxide radicals and the positive regulation of superoxide dismutase activity—were significantly enriched among the three comparisons in all three cultivars. Furthermore, we investigated the differential expression patterns of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging enzymes, heat shock proteins, and heat-stress transcription factors using qRT-PCR to confirm the differences in gene expression among the three varieties under heat stress. This study contributes to a better understanding of the wheat heat-stress response at the early growth stage and the varietal differences in heat tolerance.
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Hickey K, Wood M, Sexton T, Sahin Y, Nazarov T, Fisher J, Sanguinet KA, Cousins A, Kirchhoff H, Smertenko A. Drought Tolerance Strategies and Autophagy in Resilient Wheat Genotypes. Cells 2022; 11:cells11111765. [PMID: 35681460 PMCID: PMC9179661 DOI: 10.3390/cells11111765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought resiliency strategies combine developmental, physiological, cellular, and molecular mechanisms. Here, we compare drought responses in two resilient spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) genotypes: a well-studied drought-resilient Drysdale and a resilient genotype from the US Pacific North-West Hollis. While both genotypes utilize higher water use efficiency through the reduction of stomatal conductance, other mechanisms differ. First, Hollis deploys the drought escape mechanism to a greater extent than Drysdale by accelerating the flowering time and reducing root growth. Second, Drysdale uses physiological mechanisms such as non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) to dissipate the excess of harvested light energy and sustain higher Fv/Fm and ϕPSII, whereas Hollis maintains constant NPQ but lower Fv/Fm and ϕPSII values. Furthermore, more electron donors of the electron transport chain are in the oxidized state in Hollis than in Drysdale. Third, many ROS homeostasis parameters, including peroxisome abundance, transcription of peroxisome biogenesis genes PEX11 and CAT, catalase protein level, and enzymatic activity, are higher in Hollis than in Drysdale. Fourth, transcription of autophagy flux marker ATG8.4 is upregulated to a greater degree in Hollis than in Drysdale under drought, whereas relative ATG8 protein abundance under drought stress is lower in Hollis than in Drysdale. These data demonstrate the activation of autophagy in both genotypes and a greater autophagic flux in Hollis. In conclusion, wheat varieties utilize different drought tolerance mechanisms. Combining these mechanisms within one genotype offers a promising strategy to advance crop resiliency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kahleen Hickey
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, 1772 NE Stadium Way, P.O. Box 99163, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (K.H.); (M.W.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (J.F.)
| | - Magnus Wood
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, 1772 NE Stadium Way, P.O. Box 99163, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (K.H.); (M.W.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (J.F.)
| | - Tom Sexton
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, P.O. Box 644236, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (T.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Yunus Sahin
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, 1772 NE Stadium Way, P.O. Box 99163, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (K.H.); (M.W.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (J.F.)
| | - Taras Nazarov
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, 1772 NE Stadium Way, P.O. Box 99163, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (K.H.); (M.W.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (J.F.)
| | - Jessica Fisher
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, 1772 NE Stadium Way, P.O. Box 99163, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (K.H.); (M.W.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (J.F.)
| | - Karen A. Sanguinet
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, P.O. Box 646420, Pullman, WA 99164, USA;
| | - Asaph Cousins
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, P.O. Box 644236, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (T.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Helmut Kirchhoff
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, 1772 NE Stadium Way, P.O. Box 99163, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (K.H.); (M.W.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (J.F.)
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Andrei Smertenko
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, 1772 NE Stadium Way, P.O. Box 99163, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (K.H.); (M.W.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (J.F.)
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (A.S.)
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20
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Khaled KAM, Habiba RMM, Bashasha JA, El-Aziz MHA. Identification and mapping of QTL associated with some traits related for drought tolerance in wheat using SSR markers. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43088-022-00212-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Wheat is the most important crop around the world. Drought stresses affect wheat production and their characterization. Most of the traits that are affected by drought are quantitative traits, so detection of the quantitative trait’s loci (QTLs) related to these traits is very important for breeder and wheat producers. In this trend, 285 F2 individuals from crosses between four bread wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.), i.e., Sakha93, Sids1, Sakha94, and Gemmiza9, were used for identified QTLs associated with plant height (PH) and leaf wilting (LW). Single marker analysis and composite interval mapping (CIM) were used.
Results
A total of 116 QTLs loci were detected which covered 19 chromosomes out of the 21 chromosomes of wheat. PH and LW had 74 and 42 QTLs loci, respectively. On the other hand, chromosome 7A showed to bear the highest number of QTLs loci (15 loci). While chromosome 1A beard the highest number of QTLs loci related to PH (10 loci), chromosome 2B and 7A beard the highest number of QTLs related LW. We highly recommend our finding to help breeders in wheat breeding programs to improve plant height and leaf wilting.
Conclusion
Our investigation concluded that SSR markers have high efficiency in the identification of QTLs related to abiotic stress; also the CIM method had more advanced priority for QTLs mapping.
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21
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Nahuelcura J, Ruiz A, Gomez F, Cornejo P. The effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the phenolic compounds profile, antioxidant activity and grain yields in wheat cultivars growing under hydric stress. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:407-416. [PMID: 34143900 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydric stress affects the production of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) worldwide, making some tools necessary to cope with the decrease in rainfall. A sustainable alternative is the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) as biofertilisers. Here, we analysed the effects of AMF strains adapted or non-adapted to hyper-arid conditions on the phenolic profiles and antioxidant activities of wheat grains from two cultivars with contrasting tolerance to osmotic stress (Ilustre, moderately tolerant; and Maxi, tolerant) grown with and without hydric stress. RESULTS Eight phenolic compounds were detected, apigenin-C-pentoside-C-hexoside I being the most abundant and showing an increase of 80.5% when inoculated with the fungus Funneliformis mosseae (FM) obtained from Atacama Desert under normal irrigation with respect to non-mycorrhizal (NM) plants. NM treatments were associated with higher grain yields. FM showed a noticeable effect on most phenolic compounds, with an increase up to 30.2% in apigenin-C-pentoside-C-hexoside III concentration under hydric stress with respect to normal irrigation, being also responsible for high antioxidant activities such as ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) activities. CONCLUSION Inoculation with FM adapted to hydric stress produced improvements in phenolics composition and antioxidant activities in grains from wheat plants growing under hydric stress conditions, improving their food quality and supporting the development of further studies to determine whether the use of adapted AMF could be a realistic tool to improve grain quality in a scenario of increasing hydric stress conditions. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javiera Nahuelcura
- Centro de Investigación en Micorrizas y Sustentabilidad Agroambiental, CIMYSA, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus BIOREN-UFRO, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Antonieta Ruiz
- Centro de Investigación en Micorrizas y Sustentabilidad Agroambiental, CIMYSA, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus BIOREN-UFRO, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Francisca Gomez
- Centro de Investigación en Micorrizas y Sustentabilidad Agroambiental, CIMYSA, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus BIOREN-UFRO, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Pablo Cornejo
- Centro de Investigación en Micorrizas y Sustentabilidad Agroambiental, CIMYSA, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus BIOREN-UFRO, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
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22
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Yang H, Li Y, Li D, Liu L, Qiao Y, Sun H, Liu W, Qiao W, Ma Y, Liu M, Li C, Dong B. Wheat Escapes Low Light Stress by Altering Pollination Types. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:924565. [PMID: 35755640 PMCID: PMC9218482 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.924565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Although low light stress seriously affects florets fertility and grain number during the reproductive period, crops can be fertilized by heterologous pollen to alleviate the reduction of grain number. However, wheat is strongly autogamous, how to change to outcross after low light remains unclear. To understand the mechanisms of this change process, an approach combined morphological, physiological, and transcriptomic analyses was performed under low light stress imposed at the young microspore stage the booting stage from tetrad to uni-nucleate microspores stage. The results showed that low light stress caused pollen abortion, and the unfertilized ovary is fertilized by heterologous pollen after floret opening. Compared to control, the opening angle of lemma and glume were increased by 11.6-48.6 and 48.4-78.5%, respectively. The outcross of stressed wheat compensated for the 2.1-18.0% of grain number loss. During this process, phytohormones played an important role. Jasmonic acid (JA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) levels in spikelets were increased. Meanwhile, lignin and cellulose content decreased, and genes associated with cell wall related GO terms were enriched. Among the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), were identified 88-710 transcription factors genes, of which some homologs in Arabidopsis are proposed to function in lignin and cellulose, influencing the glume and lemma opening. Our finding can provide new insight into a survival mechanism to set seeds through pollination way alteration in the absence of self-fertilization after the stress of adversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Laboratory of Agricultural Water-Saving, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yongpeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Laboratory of Agricultural Water-Saving, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Dongxiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Liantao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Yunzhou Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Laboratory of Agricultural Water-Saving, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hongyong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Laboratory of Agricultural Water-Saving, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Laboratory of Agricultural Water-Saving, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjun Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Laboratory of Agricultural Water-Saving, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuzhao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Laboratory of Agricultural Water-Saving, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Mengyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Laboratory of Agricultural Water-Saving, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Cundong Li
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- *Correspondence: Cundong Li,
| | - Baodi Dong
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Laboratory of Agricultural Water-Saving, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
- Baodi Dong,
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23
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Hammad HM, Chawla MS, Jawad R, Alhuqail A, Bakhat HF, Farhad W, Khan F, Mubeen M, Shah AN, Liu K, Harrison MT, Saud S, Fahad S. Evaluating the Impact of Nitrogen Application on Growth and Productivity of Maize Under Control Conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:885479. [PMID: 35685007 PMCID: PMC9172247 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.885479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Climatic conditions significantly affect the maize productivity. Among abiotic factors, nitrogen (N) fertilizer and temperature are the two important factors which dominantly affect the maize (Zea mays L.) production during the early crop growth stages. Two experiments were conducted to determine the impact of N fertilizer and temperature on the maize growth and yield. In the first experiment, the maize hybrids were screened for their sensitivity to temperature variations. The screening was based on the growth performance of the hybrids under three temperatures (T 1 = ambient open-air temperature, T 2 = 1°C higher than the ambient temperature, and T 3 = 1°C lower than the ambient temperature) range. The results showed that an increase in temperature was resulted less 50% emergence and mean emergence (4.1 and 6.3 days, respectively), while emergence energy and full emergence were higher (25.4 and 75.2%, respectively) under the higher temperature exposure. The results showed that Syngenta 7720 and Muqabla S 25W87 were temperature tolerant and sensitive maize hybrids, respectively. The second experiment was carried out to study the response of the two selected maize hybrids (Syngenta 7720 and Muqabla S 25W87) to four N fertilizer applications. The results revealed that the maximum N use efficiency (19.5 kg kg-1) was achieved in maize hybrids with low N application (75 kg N ha-1 equivalent to 1.13 g N plant-1). However, the maximum maize grain yield (86.4 g plant-1), dry weight (203 g plant-1), and grain protein content (15.0%) were observed in maize hybrids that were grown with the application of 300 kg N ha-1 (equivalent to 4.52 g N plant-1). Therefore, it is recommended that the application of 300 kg N ha-1 to temperature tolerant maize hybrid may be considered best agricultural management practices for obtaining optimum maize grain yield under present changing climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Mohkum Hammad
- Department of Agronomy, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, Multan, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Hafiz Mohkum Hammad
| | - M. Shakeel Chawla
- Department of Environmental Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, Pakistan
- Army Public School and College Mailsi Garrison, Mailsi, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Jawad
- Department of Horticulture, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Asma Alhuqail
- Chair of Climate Change, Environmental Development and Vegetation Cover, Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hafiz Faiq Bakhat
- Department of Environmental Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Wajid Farhad
- Department of Agronomy, University College of Dera Murad Jamali Naseerabad, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Pakistan
| | - Faheema Khan
- Chair of Climate Change, Environmental Development and Vegetation Cover, Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Mubeen
- Department of Environmental Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Adnan N. Shah
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Ke Liu
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Burnie, TAS, Australia
| | - Matthew T. Harrison
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Burnie, TAS, Australia
| | - Shah Saud
- College of Life Science, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Shah Fahad
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
- Shah Fahad
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24
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Xu J, Lowe C, Hernandez-Leon SG, Dreisigacker S, Reynolds MP, Valenzuela-Soto EM, Paul MJ, Heuer S. The Effects of Brief Heat During Early Booting on Reproductive, Developmental, and Chlorophyll Physiological Performance in Common Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:886541. [PMID: 35651779 PMCID: PMC9149578 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.886541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Rising temperatures due to climate change threaten agricultural crop productivity. As a cool-season crop, wheat is heat-sensitive, but often exposed to high temperatures during the cultivation period. In the current study, a bread wheat panel of spring wheat genotypes, including putatively heat-tolerant Australian and CIMMYT genotypes, was exposed to a 5-day mild (34°C/28°C, day/night) or extreme (37°C/27°C) heat stress during the sensitive pollen developmental stage. Worsening effects on anther morphology were observed, as heat stress increased from mild to extreme. Even under mild heat, a significant decrease in pollen viability and number of grains per spike from primary spike was observed compared with the control (21°C/15°C), with Sunstar and two CIMMYT breeding lines performing well. A heat-specific positive correlation between the two traits indicates the important role of pollen fertility for grain setting. Interestingly, both mild and extreme heat induced development of new tillers after the heat stress, providing an alternative sink for accumulated photosynthates and significantly contributing to the final yield. Measurements of flag leaf maximum potential quantum efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) showed an initial inhibition after the heat treatment, followed by a full recovery within a few days. Despite this, model fitting using chlorophyll soil plant analysis development (SPAD) measurements showed an earlier onset or faster senescence rate under heat stress. The data presented here provide interesting entry points for further research into pollen fertility, tillering dynamics, and leaf senescence under heat. The identified heat-tolerant wheat genotypes can be used to dissect the underlying mechanisms and breed climate-resilient wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiemeng Xu
- Plant Science Department, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia Lowe
- Plant Science Department, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, United Kingdom
| | - Sergio G. Hernandez-Leon
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Aztiazarán Rosas, Hermosillo, Mexico
| | | | | | - Elisa M. Valenzuela-Soto
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Aztiazarán Rosas, Hermosillo, Mexico
| | - Matthew J. Paul
- Plant Science Department, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, United Kingdom
| | - Sigrid Heuer
- Plant Science Department, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, United Kingdom
- Pre-Breeding Department, National Institute of Agricultual Botany (NIAB), Cambridge, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Sigrid Heuer,
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25
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Borràs D, Barchi L, Schulz K, Moglia A, Acquadro A, Kamranfar I, Balazadeh S, Lanteri S. Transcriptome-Based Identification and Functional Characterization of NAC Transcription Factors Responsive to Drought Stress in Capsicum annuum L. Front Genet 2021; 12:743902. [PMID: 34745217 PMCID: PMC8570119 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.743902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Capsicum annuum L. is one of the most cultivated Solanaceae species, and in the open field, water limitation leading to drought stress affects its fruit quality, fruit setting, fruit size and ultimately yield. We identified stage-specific and a common core set of differentially expressed genes, following RNA-seq transcriptome analyses of a breeding line subjected to acute drought stress followed by recovery (rewatering), at three stages of plant development. Among them, two NAC transcription factor (TF) genes, i.e., CaNAC072 and CaNAC104, were always upregulated after drought stress and downregulated after recovery. The two TF proteins were observed to be localized in the nucleus following their transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. The expression of the two NACs was also induced by NaCl, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and abscisic acid (ABA) treatments, suggesting that CaNAC072 is an early, while CaNAC104 is a late abiotic stress-responsive gene. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of CaNAC104 did not affect the pepper plantlet’s tolerance to drought stress, while VIGS of CaNAC072 increased drought tolerance. Heterologous expression of CaNAC072 in Arabidopsis thaliana as well as in plants mutated for its homolog ANAC072 did not increase drought stress tolerance. This highlights a different role of the two NAC homologs in the two species. Here, we discuss the complex role of NACs as transcriptional switches in the response to drought stress in bell pepper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dionis Borràs
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, Plant Genetics and Breeding, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Barchi
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, Plant Genetics and Breeding, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Karina Schulz
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Andrea Moglia
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, Plant Genetics and Breeding, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Alberto Acquadro
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, Plant Genetics and Breeding, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Iman Kamranfar
- Department Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Salma Balazadeh
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam, Germany.,Plant Sciences and Natural Products, Institute of Biology Leiden (IBL), Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Sergio Lanteri
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, Plant Genetics and Breeding, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
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Reproductive Stage Drought Tolerance in Wheat: Importance of Stomatal Conductance and Plant Growth Regulators. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12111742. [PMID: 34828346 PMCID: PMC8623834 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought stress requires plants to adjust their water balance to maintain tissue water levels. Isohydric plants (‘water-savers’) typically achieve this through stomatal closure, while anisohydric plants (‘water-wasters’) use osmotic adjustment and maintain stomatal conductance. Isohydry or anisohydry allows plant species to adapt to different environments. In this paper we show that both mechanisms occur in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Wheat lines with reproductive drought-tolerance delay stomatal closure and are temporarily anisohydric, before closing stomata and become isohydric at higher threshold levels of drought stress. Drought-sensitive wheat is isohydric from the start of the drought treatment. The capacity of the drought-tolerant line to maintain stomatal conductance correlates with repression of ABA synthesis in spikes and flag leaves. Gene expression profiling revealed major differences in the drought response in spikes and flag leaves of both wheat lines. While the isohydric drought-sensitive line enters a passive growth mode (arrest of photosynthesis, protein translation), the tolerant line mounts a stronger stress defence response (ROS protection, LEA proteins, cuticle synthesis). The drought response of the tolerant line is characterised by a strong response in the spike, displaying enrichment of genes involved in auxin, cytokinin and ethylene metabolism/signalling. While isohydry may offer advantages for longer term drought stress, anisohydry may be more beneficial when drought stress occurs during the critical stages of wheat spike development, ultimately improving grain yield.
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Ullah S, Trethowan R, Bramley H. The Physiological Basis of Improved Heat Tolerance in Selected Emmer-Derived Hexaploid Wheat Genotypes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:739246. [PMID: 34707628 PMCID: PMC8544522 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.739246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Wheat is sensitive to high-temperature stress with crop development significantly impaired depending on the severity and timing of stress. Various physiological mechanisms have been identified as selection targets for heat tolerance; however, the complex nature of the trait and high genotype × temperature interaction limits the selection process. A three-tiered phenotyping strategy was used to overcome this limitation by using wheat genotypes developed from the ancient domesticated wheat, emmer (Triticum dicoccon Schrank), which was considered to have a wide variation for abiotic stress tolerance. A contrasting pair of emmer-based hexaploid lines (classified as tolerant; G1 and susceptible; G2) developed from a backcross to the same recurrent hexaploid parent was chosen based on heat stress responses in the field and was evaluated under controlled glasshouse conditions. The same pair of contrasting genotypes was also subsequently exposed to a short period of elevated temperature (4 days) at anthesis under field conditions using in-field temperature-controlled chambers. The glasshouse and field-based heat chambers produced comparable results. G1 was consistently better adapted to both extended and short periods of heat stress through slow leaf senescence under heat stress, which extended the grain filling period, increased photosynthetic capacity, increased grain filling rates, and resulted in greater kernel weight and higher yield. The use of a combination of phenotyping methods was effective in identifying heat tolerant materials and the mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smi Ullah
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Plant Breeding Institute, Sydney Institute of Agriculture, The University of Sydney, Narrabri, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard Trethowan
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Plant Breeding Institute, Sydney Institute of Agriculture, The University of Sydney, Narrabri, NSW, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Plant Breeding Institute, Sydney Institute of Agriculture, University of Sydney, Cobbitty, NSW, Australia
| | - Helen Bramley
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Plant Breeding Institute, Sydney Institute of Agriculture, The University of Sydney, Narrabri, NSW, Australia
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Sinha R, Fritschi FB, Zandalinas SI, Mittler R. The impact of stress combination on reproductive processes in crops. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 311:111007. [PMID: 34482910 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.111007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Historically, extended droughts combined with heat waves caused severe reductions in crop yields estimated at billions of dollars annually. Because global warming and climate change are driving an increase in the frequency and intensity of combined water-deficit and heat stress episodes, understanding how these episodes impact yield is critical for our efforts to develop climate change-resilient crops. Recent studies demonstrated that a combination of water-deficit and heat stress exacerbates the impacts of water-deficit or heat stress on reproductive processes of different cereals and legumes, directly impacting grain production. These studies identified several different mechanisms potentially underlying the effects of stress combination on anthers, pollen, and stigma development and function, as well as fertilization. Here we review some of these findings focusing on unbalanced reactive oxygen accumulation, altered sugar concentrations, and conflicting functions of different hormones, as contributing to the reduction in yield during a combination of water-deficit and heat stress. Future studies focused on the effects of water-deficit and heat stress combination on reproduction of different crops are likely to unravel additional mechanisms, as well as reveal novel ways to develop stress combination-resilient crops. These could mitigate some of the potentially devastating impacts of this stress combination on agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjita Sinha
- Division of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources, and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Felix B Fritschi
- Division of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources, and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Sara I Zandalinas
- Division of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources, and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Ron Mittler
- Division of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources, and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, 1201 Rollins Street, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA.
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Qiu D, Hu W, Zhou Y, Xiao J, Hu R, Wei Q, Zhang Y, Feng J, Sun F, Sun J, Yang G, He G. TaASR1-D confers abiotic stress resistance by affecting ROS accumulation and ABA signalling in transgenic wheat. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2021; 19:1588-1601. [PMID: 33638922 PMCID: PMC8384601 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Cultivating new crop cultivars with multiple abiotic stress tolerances is important for crop production. The abscisic acid-stress-ripening (ASR) protein has been shown to confer abiotic stress tolerance in plants. However, the mechanisms of ASR function under stress condition remain largely unclear. In this study, we characterized all ASR family members in common wheat and constitutively overexpressed TaASR1-D in a commercial hexaploid wheat cultivar Zhengmai 9023. The transgenic wheat plants exhibited increased tolerance to multiple abiotic stresses and increased grain yields under salt stress condition. Overexpression of TaASR1-D conferred enhanced antioxidant capacity and ABA sensitivity in transgenic wheat plants. Further, RNA in situ hybridization results showed that TaASR1-D had higher expression levels in the vascular tissues of leaves and the parenchyma cells around the vascular tissues of roots and stems. Yeast one-hybrid and electrophoretic mobility shift assays revealed that TaASR1-D could directly bind the specific cis-elements in the promoters of TaNCED1 and TaGPx1-D. In conclusion, our findings suggest that TaASR1-D can be used to breed new wheat cultivars with increased multiple abiotic stress tolerances, and TaASR1-D enhances abiotic stress tolerances by reinforcing antioxidant capacity and ABA signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Qiu
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of EducationCollege of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST)WuhanChina
| | - Wei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical CropsInstitute of Tropical Bioscience and BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesHaikouChina
| | - Yu Zhou
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of EducationCollege of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST)WuhanChina
| | - Jie Xiao
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of EducationCollege of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST)WuhanChina
| | - Rui Hu
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of EducationCollege of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST)WuhanChina
| | - Qiuhui Wei
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of EducationCollege of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST)WuhanChina
| | - Yang Zhang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of EducationCollege of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST)WuhanChina
| | - Jialu Feng
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of EducationCollege of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST)WuhanChina
| | - Fusheng Sun
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of EducationCollege of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST)WuhanChina
| | - Jiutong Sun
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of EducationCollege of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST)WuhanChina
| | - Guangxiao Yang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of EducationCollege of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST)WuhanChina
| | - Guangyuan He
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of EducationCollege of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST)WuhanChina
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30
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Lamin-Samu AT, Farghal M, Ali M, Lu G. Morpho-Physiological and Transcriptome Changes in Tomato Anthers of Different Developmental Stages under Drought Stress. Cells 2021; 10:1809. [PMID: 34359978 PMCID: PMC8305550 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought limits the growth and productivity of plants. Reproductive development is sensitive to drought but the underlying physiological and molecular mechanisms remain unclear in tomatoes. Here, we investigated the effect of drought on tomato floral development using morpho-physiological and transcriptome analyses. Drought-induced male sterility through abnormal anther development includes pollen abortion, inadequate pollen starch accumulation and anther indehiscence which caused floral bud and opened flower abortions and reduced fruit set/yield. Under drought stress (DS), pollen mother cell to meiotic (PMC-MEI) anthers survived whereas tetrad to vacuolated uninucleate microspore (TED-VUM) anthers aborted. PMC-MEI anthers had lower ABA increase, reduced IAA and elevated sugar contents under DS relative to well-watered tomato plants. However, TED-VUM anthers had higher ABA increase and IAA levels, and lower accumulation of soluble sugars, indicating abnormal carbohydrate and hormone metabolisms when exposed to drought-stress conditions. Moreover, RNA-Seq analysis identified altogether >15,000 differentially expressed genes that were assigned to multiple pathways, suggesting that tomato anthers utilize complicated mechanisms to cope with drought. In particular, we found that tapetum development and ABA homeostasis genes were drought-induced while sugar utilization and IAA metabolic genes were drought-repressed in PMC-MEI anthers. Our results suggest an important role of phytohormones metabolisms in anther development under DS and provide novel insight into the molecular mechanism underlying drought resistance in tomatoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Tumbeh Lamin-Samu
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (A.T.L.-S.); (M.F.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, Fourah Bay College, University of Sierra Leone, Mount Aureol, Freetown 232, Sierra Leone
| | - Mohamed Farghal
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (A.T.L.-S.); (M.F.)
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (A.T.L.-S.); (M.F.)
| | - Gang Lu
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (A.T.L.-S.); (M.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agricultural, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Ferguson JN, Tidy AC, Murchie EH, Wilson ZA. The potential of resilient carbon dynamics for stabilizing crop reproductive development and productivity during heat stress. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 44:2066-2089. [PMID: 33538010 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Impaired carbon metabolism and reproductive development constrain crop productivity during heat stress. Reproductive development is energy intensive, and its requirement for respiratory substrates rises as associated metabolism increases with temperature. Understanding how these processes are integrated and the extent to which they contribute to the maintenance of yield during and following periods of elevated temperatures is important for developing climate-resilient crops. Recent studies are beginning to demonstrate links between processes underlying carbon dynamics and reproduction during heat stress, consequently a summation of research that has been reported thus far and an evaluation of purported associations are needed to guide and stimulate future research. To this end, we review recent studies relating to source-sink dynamics, non-foliar photosynthesis and net carbon gain as pivotal in understanding how to improve reproductive development and crop productivity during heat stress. Rapid and precise phenotyping during narrow phenological windows will be important for understanding mechanisms underlying these processes, thus we discuss the development of relevant high-throughput phenotyping approaches that will allow for more informed decision-making regarding future crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- John N Ferguson
- Division of Plant & Crop Science, University of Nottingham, Leicestershire, UK
- Future Food Beacon of Excellence, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Leicestershire, UK
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alison C Tidy
- Division of Plant & Crop Science, University of Nottingham, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Erik H Murchie
- Division of Plant & Crop Science, University of Nottingham, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Zoe A Wilson
- Division of Plant & Crop Science, University of Nottingham, Leicestershire, UK
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32
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Xie Q, Sparkes DL. Dissecting the trade-off of grain number and size in wheat. PLANTA 2021; 254:3. [PMID: 34117927 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-021-03658-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Principal component and meta-QTL analyses identified genetic loci affecting the trade-off of wheat grain number and size, which could provide opportunities to optimize local breeding strategies for further yield improvement. Grain yield of wheat is complex, and its physiological and genetic bases remain largely unknown. Using the Forno/Oberkulmer recombinant inbred lines, this study validated the negative phenotypic relationships between thousand grain weight (TGW) and grain number components. This trade-off might be alleviated at the population level by early anthesis and at the shoot level by higher shoot biomass. Principal component (PC) analysis revealed three useful PCs, of which both PC1 and PC3 were positively associated with grain yield and grains m-2 through increased spikes m-2 (for PC1) or grains per spike (for PC3), while PC2 primarily reflected the trade-off of grain number and TGW. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping detected eight and seven loci for PC1 and PC2, respectively, on chromosomes 1D, 2A, 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B, 5A and 7B, individually explaining 11.7‒29.3% of phenotypic variations. Using the 1203 QTLs published previously, a meta-analysis was performed to reveal 12, 21, 37 and 54 genomic regions (MQTLs) affecting grains m-2, spikes m-2, grains per spike and TGW, respectively. Moreover, 67 MQTLs (96%) for grain number were coincided with the TGW MQTLs, with reverse phenotypic effects, suggesting intensive genetic trade-off between grain number and size. The AGP2 gene, which encodes ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase determining TGW, was found by haplotype analysis in the Forno/Oberkulmer population to affect grain number oppositely, indicating this trade-off at the gene level. Appropriate combinations of the QTLs/genes for local breeding targets, such as higher grain number or larger grains, therefore, would be critical to achieve future yield gains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Xie
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210 095, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Debbie L Sparkes
- Division of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, Leicestershire, UK
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Comparison and Characterization of a Cell Wall Invertase Promoter from Cu-Tolerant and Non-Tolerant Populations of Elsholtzia haichowensis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105299. [PMID: 34069912 PMCID: PMC8157609 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell wall invertase (CWIN) activity and the expression of the corresponding gene were previously observed to be significantly elevated in a Cu-tolerant population of Elsholtzia haichowensis relative to a non-tolerant population under copper stress. To understand the differences in CWIN gene regulation between the two populations, their CWIN promoter β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter vectors were constructed. GUS activity was measured in transgenic Arabidopsis in response to copper, sugar, and phytohormone treatments. Under the copper treatment, only the activity of the CWIN promoter from the Cu-tolerant population was slightly increased. Glucose and fructose significantly induced the activity of CWIN promoters from both populations. Among the phytohormone treatments, only salicylic acid induced significantly higher (p < 0.05) activity of the Cu-tolerant CWIN promoter relative to the non-tolerant promoters. Analysis of 5′-deletion constructs revealed that a 270-bp promoter fragment was required for SA induction of the promoter from the Cu-tolerant population. Comparison of this region in the two CWIN promoters revealed that it had 10 mutation sites and contained CAAT-box and W-box cis-elements in the Cu-tolerant promoter only. This work provides insights into the regulatory role of SA in CWIN gene expression and offers an explanation for differences in CWIN expression between E. haichowensis populations.
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Descamps C, Boubnan N, Jacquemart AL, Quinet M. Growing and Flowering in a Changing Climate: Effects of Higher Temperatures and Drought Stress on the Bee-Pollinated Species Impatiens glandulifera Royle. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10050988. [PMID: 34063542 PMCID: PMC8156011 DOI: 10.3390/plants10050988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Drought and higher temperatures caused by climate change are common stress conditions affecting plant growth and development. The reproductive phase is particularly sensitive to stress, but plants also need to allocate their limited resources to produce floral traits and resources to attract pollinators. We investigated the physiological and floral consequences of abiotic stress during the flowering period of Impatiens glandulifera, a bee-pollinated species. Plants were exposed to three temperatures (21, 24, 27 °C) and two watering regimes (well-watered, water stress) for 3 weeks. Not all parameters measured responded in the same manner to drought and/or heat stress. Drought stress induced leaf senescence, decreasing leaf number by 15-30% depending on growth temperature. Drought also reduced photosynthetic output, while temperature rise affected stomatal conductance. The number of flowers produced dropped 40-90% in response to drought stress, while higher temperatures shortened flower life span. Both stresses affected floral traits, but flower resources diminished in response to higher temperatures, with lower nectar volume and pollen protein content. We conclude that increased temperatures and drought stress, which are becoming more frequent with climate change, can negatively affect flowering, even if plants deploy physiological resistance strategies.
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A Heterozygous Genotype-Dependent Branched-Spike Wheat and the Potential Genetic Mechanism Revealed by Transcriptome Sequencing. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10050437. [PMID: 34068944 PMCID: PMC8157103 DOI: 10.3390/biology10050437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary This paper reported a novel type of branched spike wheat from a natural mutation event. The branched spike was controlled by a heterozygous genotype. The genetic patterns showed that gametophytic male sterility probably contributed to the heterozygous genotype responsible for the branched spike trait. Expressional levels and Wheat FRIZZY PANICLE (WFZP) sequencing between the mutant with the branched spike and the wild-type with the normal spike showed that WFZP was not the causal gene for the branched spike. Data from transcriptome sequencing indicated that carbohydrate metabolism might be involved in the formation of the branched spike trait. Abstract Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) spike architecture is an important trait associated with spike development and grain yield. Here, we report a naturally occurring wheat mutant with branched spikelets (BSL) from its wild-type YD-16, which has a normal spike trait and confers a moderate level of resistance to wheat Fusarium head blight (FHB). The lateral meristems positioned at the basal parts of the rachis node of the BSL mutant develop into ramified spikelets characterized as multiple spikelets. The BSL mutant shows three to four-day longer growth period but less 1000-grain weight than the wild type, and it becomes highly susceptible to FHB infection, indicating that the locus controlling the BSL trait may have undergone an intensively artificial and/or natural selection in modern breeding process. The self-pollinated descendants of the lines with the BSL trait consistently segregated with an equal ratio of branched and normal spikelets (NSL) wheat, and homozygotes with the BSL trait could not be achieved even after nine cycles of self-pollination. Distinct segregation patterns both from the self-pollinated progenies of the BSL plants and from the reciprocal crosses between the BSL plants with their sister NSL plants suggested that gametophytic male sterility was probably associated with the heterozygosity for the BSL trait. Transcriptome sequencing of the RNA bulks contrasting in the two types of spike trait at the heading stage indicated that the genes on chromosome 2DS may be critical for the BSL trait formation since 329 out of 2540 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were located on that chromosome, and most of them were down-regulated. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that carbohydrate metabolism may be involved in the BSL trait expression. This work provides valuable clues into understanding development and domestication of wheat spike as well as the association of the BSL trait with FHB susceptibility.
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Cohen I, Zandalinas SI, Fritschi FB, Sengupta S, Fichman Y, Azad RK, Mittler R. The impact of water deficit and heat stress combination on the molecular response, physiology, and seed production of soybean. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 171:66-76. [PMID: 32880977 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
A combination of drought and heat stress, occurring at the vegetative or reproductive growth phase of many different crops can have a devastating impact on yield. In soybean (Glycine max), a considerable effort has been made to develop genotypes with enhanced yield production under conditions of drought or heat stress. However, how these genotypes perform in terms of growth, physiological responses, and most importantly seed production, under conditions of drought and heat combination is mostly unknown. Here, we studied the impact of water deficit and heat stress combination on the physiology, seed production, and yield per plant of two soybean genotypes, Magellan and Plant Introduction (PI) 548313, that differ in their reproductive responses to heat stress. Our findings reveal that although PI 548313 produced more seeds than Magellan under conditions of heat stress, under conditions of water deficit, and heat stress combination its seed production decreased. Because the number of flowers and pollen germination of PI 548313 remained high under heat or water deficit and heat combination, the reduced seed production exhibited by PI 548313 under the stress combination could be a result of processes that occur at the stigma, ovaries and/or other parts of the flower following pollen germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itay Cohen
- Division of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources, and Interdisciplinary Plant Group. Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Sara I Zandalinas
- Division of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources, and Interdisciplinary Plant Group. Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Felix B Fritschi
- Division of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources, and Interdisciplinary Plant Group. Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Soham Sengupta
- Departments of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA
| | - Yosef Fichman
- Division of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources, and Interdisciplinary Plant Group. Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Rajeev K Azad
- Departments of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA
- Departments of Mathematics, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA
| | - Ron Mittler
- Division of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources, and Interdisciplinary Plant Group. Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
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Evaluation of Fourteen Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes by Observing Gas Exchange Parameters, Relative Water and Chlorophyll Content, and Yield Attributes under Drought Stress. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13094799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Water scarceness is a major threat to wheat productivity under changing climate scenarios, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. However, growing drought-tolerant wheat genotypes could be a sustainable option to enhance wheat productivity under drought stress conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of mild to severe drought stress on gas exchange parameters, relative water content, SPAD-chlorophyll value, and yield-related parameters of 14 wheat genotypes being cultivated in arid to semi-arid areas on large scale. The genotypes were grown in earthen pots under three drought levels, namely (1) control-well watered, (2) mild water stress, i.e., 60% water holding capacity, and (3) severe water stress, i.e., 40% water holding capacity. The drought was imposed from the jointing stage to physiological maturity. Drought significantly decreased net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, relative water contents, 100-grain weight, and grain yield in all genotypes. However, the reduction percentage was different in different genotypes under drought stress compared with well-watered conditions. The highest relative water content (65.2%) was maintained by the genotype Galaxy-2013, followed by AAS-2011 (64.6%) and Johar-2016 (62.3%) under severe drought conditions. Likewise, Galaxy-2013 showed the highest net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance under severe drought conditions. The highest grain yield per plant (6.2 g) and 100-grain weight (3.3 g) was also recorded in Galaxy-2013 under severe drought conditions, while the highest grain yield under well-watered conditions was recorded in Johar-2016, followed by Galaxy-2013. These results suggest that wheat variety Galaxy-2013 could be cultivated extensively to obtain good wheat yield under limited water conditions.
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Erena MF, Lohraseb I, Munoz-Santa I, Taylor JD, Emebiri LC, Collins NC. The WtmsDW Locus on Wheat Chromosome 2B Controls Major Natural Variation for Floret Sterility Responses to Heat Stress at Booting Stage. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:635397. [PMID: 33854519 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.635397/bibtex] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress at booting stage causes significant losses to floret fertility (grain set) and hence yield in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.); however, there is a lack of well-characterized sources of tolerance to this type of stress. Here, we describe the genetic analysis of booting stage heat tolerance in a cross between the Australian cultivars Drysdale (intolerant) and Waagan (tolerant), leading to the definition of a major-effect tolerance locus on the short arm of chromosome 2B, Wheat thermosensitive male sterile Drysdale/Waagan (WtmsDW). WtmsDW offsets between 44 and 65% of the losses in grain set due to heat, suggesting that it offers significant value for marker-assisted tolerance breeding. In lines lacking the WtmsDW tolerance allele, peaks in sensitivity were defined with reference to auricle distance, for various floret positions along the spike. Other (relatively minor) floret fertility response effects, including at the Rht-D1 dwarfing locus, were considered likely escape artifacts, due to their association with height and flowering time effects that might interfere with correct staging of stems for heat treatment. Heat stress increased grain set at distal floret positions in spikelets located at the top of the spike and increased the size of spikelets at the base of the spike, but these effects were offset by greater reductions in grain set at other floret positions. Potentially orthologous loci on chromosomes 1A and 1B were identified for heat response of flowering time. The potential significance of these findings for tolerance breeding and further tolerance screening is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Million F Erena
- School of Agriculture Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Iman Lohraseb
- School of Agriculture Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Isabel Munoz-Santa
- School of Agriculture Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Statistics and Operations Research, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Julian D Taylor
- School of Agriculture Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Livinus C Emebiri
- Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicholas C Collins
- School of Agriculture Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Erena MF, Lohraseb I, Munoz-Santa I, Taylor JD, Emebiri LC, Collins NC. The WtmsDW Locus on Wheat Chromosome 2B Controls Major Natural Variation for Floret Sterility Responses to Heat Stress at Booting Stage. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:635397. [PMID: 33854519 PMCID: PMC8040955 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.635397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress at booting stage causes significant losses to floret fertility (grain set) and hence yield in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.); however, there is a lack of well-characterized sources of tolerance to this type of stress. Here, we describe the genetic analysis of booting stage heat tolerance in a cross between the Australian cultivars Drysdale (intolerant) and Waagan (tolerant), leading to the definition of a major-effect tolerance locus on the short arm of chromosome 2B, Wheat thermosensitive male sterile Drysdale/Waagan (WtmsDW). WtmsDW offsets between 44 and 65% of the losses in grain set due to heat, suggesting that it offers significant value for marker-assisted tolerance breeding. In lines lacking the WtmsDW tolerance allele, peaks in sensitivity were defined with reference to auricle distance, for various floret positions along the spike. Other (relatively minor) floret fertility response effects, including at the Rht-D1 dwarfing locus, were considered likely escape artifacts, due to their association with height and flowering time effects that might interfere with correct staging of stems for heat treatment. Heat stress increased grain set at distal floret positions in spikelets located at the top of the spike and increased the size of spikelets at the base of the spike, but these effects were offset by greater reductions in grain set at other floret positions. Potentially orthologous loci on chromosomes 1A and 1B were identified for heat response of flowering time. The potential significance of these findings for tolerance breeding and further tolerance screening is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Million F. Erena
- School of Agriculture Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Iman Lohraseb
- School of Agriculture Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Isabel Munoz-Santa
- School of Agriculture Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Statistics and Operations Research, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Julian D. Taylor
- School of Agriculture Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Livinus C. Emebiri
- Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicholas C. Collins
- School of Agriculture Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Crosses with spelt improve tolerance of South Asian spring wheat to spot blotch, terminal heat stress, and their combination. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6017. [PMID: 33727567 PMCID: PMC7966735 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85238-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Spot blotch and terminal heat are two of the most important stresses for wheat in South Asia. A study was initiated to explore the use of spelt (Triticum spelta) to improve tolerance to these stresses in spring wheat (T. aestivum). We assessed 185 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from the cross T. spelta (H + 26) × T. aestivum (cv. HUW234), under the individual stresses and their combination. H + 26 showed better tolerance to the single stresses and also their combination; grain yield in RILs was reduced by 21.9%, 27.7% and 39.0% under spot blotch, terminal heat and their combined effect, respectively. However, phenological and plant architectural traits were not affected by spot blotch itself. Multivariate analysis demonstrated a strong negative correlation between spikelet sterility and grain yield under spot blotch, terminal heat and their combination. However, four recombinant lines demonstrated high performance under both stresses and also under their combined stress. The four lines were significantly superior in grain yield and showed significantly lower AUDPC than the better parent. This study demonstrates the potential of spelt wheat in enhancing tolerance to spot blotch and terminal heat stresses. It also provides comprehensive evidence about the expression of yield and phenological traits under these stresses.
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Zajączkowska U, Denisow B, Łotocka B, Dołkin-Lewko A, Rakoczy-Trojanowska M. Spikelet movements, anther extrusion and pollen production in wheat cultivars with contrasting tendencies to cleistogamy. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:136. [PMID: 33726675 PMCID: PMC7970976 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-02917-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cleistogamic flowers are a main barrier in pollen dispersal for cross-pollination necessary in wheat hybrid breeding. The aim of our study was to gain new knowledge on the biology of wheat flowering, in particular on the differences between the cleisto- and chasmogamic forms which has certainly cognitive significance, but it can also be used in practice when seeking a female and male ideotypes for cross hybridization. RESULTS We characterized the most significant features defining the flowering specificity in two wheat cultivars with contrasting tendency to cleistogamy: Piko (chasmogamous) and Dacanto (cleistogamous). In the field observations we assessed diurnal pattern of anther extrusion and anther extrusion capacity. For the first time we adapted the time lapse method for measuring kinetics of the spikelet movement and 3-D image correlation technique for the non-invasive measurements of potential deformations of the spikelet lemmas. We found that the two cultivars differ in the potential of pollen dispersion for-cross-pollination and in the spikelet kinetics. We also described some anatomical traits that can have potential functional role in floret opening. None of the cultivars showed any symptoms of lemma surface deformation. CONCLUSIONS The cleistogamic and chasmogamic wheat cultivars differ significantly in the potential for pollen dispersion for cross-pollination, which is mainly related to anther extrusion capacity. Although none of these features differentiated the cultivars clearly, we assume, based on spikelet kinetics and the lack of lemmas surface deformation, that the water transport and turgor of cells is essential for the floret opening and anther extrusion in wheat. The search for parental ideotype should be supported by marker assisted selection, e.g. based of polymorphisms in genes related to aquaporin biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Zajączkowska
- Department of Forest Botany, Institute of Forest Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Bożena Denisow
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 15 Akademicka Street, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Barbara Łotocka
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Alicja Dołkin-Lewko
- Department of Forest Botany, Institute of Forest Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Monika Rakoczy-Trojanowska
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences –SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warszawa, Poland
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Siddiqui MN, Léon J, Naz AA, Ballvora A. Genetics and genomics of root system variation in adaptation to drought stress in cereal crops. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:1007-1019. [PMID: 33096558 PMCID: PMC7904151 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Cereals are important crops worldwide that help meet food demands and nutritional needs. In recent years, cereal production has been challenged globally by frequent droughts and hot spells. A plant's root is the most relevant organ for the plant adaptation to stress conditions, playing pivotal roles in anchorage and the acquisition of soil-based resources. Thus, dissecting root system variations and trait selection for enhancing yield and sustainability under drought stress conditions should aid in future global food security. This review highlights the variations in root system attributes and their interplay with shoot architecture features to face water scarcity and maintain thus yield of major cereal crops. Further, we compile the root-related drought responsive quantitative trait loci/genes in cereal crops including their interspecies relationships using microsynteny to facilitate comparative genomic analyses. We then discuss the potential of an integrated strategy combining genomics and phenomics at genetic and epigenetic levels to explore natural genetic diversity as a basis for knowledge-based genome editing. Finally, we present an outline to establish innovative breeding leads for the rapid and optimized selection of root traits necessary to develop resilient crop varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Nurealam Siddiqui
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES) – Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Jens Léon
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES) – Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ali A Naz
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES) – Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Agim Ballvora
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES) – Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Zhang Z, Hu M, Xu W, Wang Y, Huang K, Zhang C, Wen J. Understanding the molecular mechanism of anther development under abiotic stresses. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 105:1-10. [PMID: 32930929 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-020-01074-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The developmental stage of anther development is generally more sensitive to abiotic stress than other stages of growth. Specific ROS levels, plant hormones and carbohydrate metabolism are disturbed in anthers subjected to abiotic stresses. As sessile organisms, plants are often challenged to multiple extreme abiotic stresses, such as drought, heat, cold, salinity and metal stresses in the field, which reduce plant growth, productivity and yield. The development of reproductive stage is more susceptible to abiotic stresses than the vegetative stage. Anther, the male reproductive organ that generate pollen grains, is more sensitive to abiotic stresses than female organs. Abiotic stresses affect all the processes of anther development, including tapetum development and degradation, microsporogenesis and pollen development, anther dehiscence, and filament elongation. In addition, abiotic stresses significantly interrupt phytohormone, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, alter reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis in anthers, which are strongly responsible for the loss of pollen fertility. At present, the precise molecular mechanisms of anther development under adverse abiotic stresses are still not fully understood. Therefore, more emphasis should be given to understand molecular control of anther development during abiotic stresses to engineer crops with better crop yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaibao Zhang
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China.
| | - Menghui Hu
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Weiwei Xu
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Ke Huang
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Jie Wen
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
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Zhang Z, Huang J, Gao Y, Liu Y, Li J, Zhou X, Yao C, Wang Z, Sun Z, Zhang Y. Suppressed ABA signal transduction in the spike promotes sucrose use in the stem and reduces grain number in wheat under water stress. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:7241-7256. [PMID: 32822501 PMCID: PMC7906786 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Water stress is a primary trigger for reducing grain number per spike in wheat during the reproductive period. However, under stress conditions, the responses of plant organs and the interactions between them at the molecular and physiological levels remain unclear. In this study, when water stress occurred at the young microspore stage, RNA-seq data indicated that the spike had 970 differentially expressed genes, while the stem, comprising the two internodes below the spike (TIS), had 382. Abscisic acid (ABA) signal transduction genes were down-regulated by water stress in both these tissues, although to a greater extent in the TIS than in the spike. A reduction in sucrose was observed, and was accompanied by increases in cell wall invertase (CWIN) and sucrose:sucrose 1-fructosyl-transferase (1-SST) activities. Hexose and fructan were increased in the TIS but decreased in the spike. ABA was increased in the spike and TIS, and showed significant positive correlation with CWIN and 1-SST activities in the TIS. Overall, our results suggest that water stress induces the conversion of sucrose to hexose by CWIN, and to fructan by 1-SST, due to increased down-regulation of ABA signal transduction related-genes in the TIS; this leads to deficient sucrose supply to the spike and a decrease in grain number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Huang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanmei Gao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinpeng Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaonan Zhou
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunsheng Yao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhimin Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Agriculture in Low Plain Areas, Heibei Province, China
| | - Zhencai Sun
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Agriculture in Low Plain Areas, Heibei Province, China
| | - Yinghua Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Agriculture in Low Plain Areas, Heibei Province, China
- Correspondence:
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Batool T, Ali S, Seleiman MF, Naveed NH, Ali A, Ahmed K, Abid M, Rizwan M, Shahid MR, Alotaibi M, Al-Ashkar I, Mubushar M. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria alleviates drought stress in potato in response to suppressive oxidative stress and antioxidant enzymes activities. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16975. [PMID: 33046721 PMCID: PMC7550571 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73489-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of plant physiological functions under drought stress is normally considered a positive feature as it indicates sustained plant health and growth. This study was conducted to investigate whether plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) Bacillus subtilis HAS31 has potential to maintain potato growth and yield under drought stress. We analyzed trends of chlorophyll concentration, photosynthesis process, relative water content, osmolytes, antioxidants enzymes and oxidative stress, relative growth rate, tuber and aboveground biomass production in two potato varieties, Santae (drought-tolerant) and PRI-Red (drought-sensitive). Plants of both genotypes were treated with 100 g of HAS31 inoculant at 10 days after germination and exposed to different soil relative water contents (SRWC), including 80 ± 5% (well watered), 60 ± 5% (moderate stress) and 40 ± 5% SRWC (severe stress) for 7 days at tuber initiation stage (30 days after germination). The drought stress reduced plant relative growth rate, biomass production, leaf area, number of leaves and tubers, tuber weight, and final yield. The drought-stressed plants showed decline in chlorophyll contents, membrane stability, leaf relative water contents and photosynthetic rate. Under drought stress, enzymatic activity of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), contents of total soluble sugars, soluble proteins and proline increased. The application of PGPR reduced the impact of drought and maintained higher growth and physio-chemical traits of the plants. The plants with PGPR application showed higher relative growth rate, dry matter production, leaf area, number of tubers, tuber weight and yield as compared to plants without PGPR. The PGPR-HAS31 treated plants maintained higher photosynthetic process, contents of chlorophyll, soluble proteins, total soluble sugars, and enzymatic activities of CAT, POD and SOD as compared to plants without PGPR. The results of the study suggest that plant growth regulators have ability to sustain growth and yield of potato under drought stress by maintaining physiological functions of the plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahira Batool
- Department of Botanical Sciences, University of Sargodha, Punjab, 40210, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environment Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Mahmoud F Seleiman
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Crop Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, Shibin El-kom, 32514, Egypt
| | - Naima Huma Naveed
- Department of Botanical Sciences, University of Sargodha, Punjab, 40210, Pakistan
| | - Aamir Ali
- Department of Botanical Sciences, University of Sargodha, Punjab, 40210, Pakistan
| | - Khurshid Ahmed
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Production Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Abid
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Production Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Agriculture Department (Field Wing), Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environment Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan Shahid
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Majed Alotaibi
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Al-Ashkar
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11651, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Mubushar
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Juzoń K, Idziak-Helmcke D, Rojek-Jelonek M, Warzecha T, Warchoł M, Czyczyło-Mysza I, Dziurka K, Skrzypek E. Functioning of the Photosynthetic Apparatus in Response to Drought Stress in Oat × Maize Addition Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186958. [PMID: 32971899 PMCID: PMC7555142 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The oat × maize chromosome addition (OMA) lines, as hybrids between C3 and C4 plants, can potentially help us understand the process of C4 photosynthesis. However, photosynthesis is often affected by adverse environmental conditions, including drought stress. Therefore, to assess the functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus in OMA lines under drought stress, the chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a fluorescence (CF) parameters were investigated. With optimal hydration, most of the tested OMA lines, compared to oat cv. Bingo, showed higher pigment content, and some of them were characterized by increased values of selected CF parameters. Although 14 days of drought caused a decrease of chlorophylls and carotenoids, only slight changes in CF parameters were observed, which can indicate proper photosynthetic efficiency in most of examined OMA lines compared to oat cv. Bingo. The obtained data revealed that expected changes in hybrid functioning depend more on the specific maize chromosome and its interaction with the oat genome rather than the number of retained chromosomes. OMA lines not only constitute a powerful tool for maize genomics but also are a source of valuable variation in plant breeding, and can help us to understand plant susceptibility to drought. Our research confirms more efficient functioning of hybrid photosynthetic apparatus than oat cv. Bingo, therefore contributes to raising new questions in the fields of plant physiology and biochemistry. Due to the fact that the oat genome is not fully sequenced yet, the mechanism of enhanced photosynthetic efficiency in OMA lines requires further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Juzoń
- Department of Biotechnology, The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Krakow, Poland; (M.W.); (I.C.-M.); (K.D.); (E.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Dominika Idziak-Helmcke
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology, and Environmental Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland; (D.I.-H.); (M.R.-J.)
| | - Magdalena Rojek-Jelonek
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology, and Environmental Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland; (D.I.-H.); (M.R.-J.)
| | - Tomasz Warzecha
- Department of Plant Breeding, Physiology, and Seed Science, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Podlużna 3, 30-239 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Marzena Warchoł
- Department of Biotechnology, The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Krakow, Poland; (M.W.); (I.C.-M.); (K.D.); (E.S.)
| | - Ilona Czyczyło-Mysza
- Department of Biotechnology, The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Krakow, Poland; (M.W.); (I.C.-M.); (K.D.); (E.S.)
| | - Kinga Dziurka
- Department of Biotechnology, The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Krakow, Poland; (M.W.); (I.C.-M.); (K.D.); (E.S.)
| | - Edyta Skrzypek
- Department of Biotechnology, The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Krakow, Poland; (M.W.); (I.C.-M.); (K.D.); (E.S.)
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Gene co-expression network analysis to identify critical modules and candidate genes of drought-resistance in wheat. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236186. [PMID: 32866164 PMCID: PMC7458298 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To establish a gene co-expression network for identifying principal modules and hub genes that are associated with drought resistance mechanisms, analyzing their mechanisms, and exploring candidate genes. METHODS AND FINDINGS 42 data sets including PRJNA380841 and PRJNA369686 were used to construct the co-expression network through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). A total of 1,896,897,901 (284.30 Gb) clean reads and 35,021 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained from 42 samples. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that photosynthesis, DNA replication, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, starch and sucrose metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, and cell cycle were significantly influenced by drought stress. Furthermore, the DEGs with similar expression patterns, detected by K-means clustering, were grouped into 29 clusters. Genes involved in the modules, such as dark turquoise, yellow, and brown, were found to be appreciably linked with drought resistance. Twelve central, greatly correlated genes in stage-specific modules were subsequently confirmed and validated at the transcription levels, including TraesCS7D01G417600.1 (PP2C), TraesCS5B01G565300.1 (ERF), TraesCS4A01G068200.1 (HSP), TraesCS2D01G033200.1 (HSP90), TraesCS6B01G425300.1 (RBD), TraesCS7A01G499200.1 (P450), TraesCS4A01G118400.1 (MYB), TraesCS2B01G415500.1 (STK), TraesCS1A01G129300.1 (MYB), TraesCS2D01G326900.1 (ALDH), TraesCS3D01G227400.1 (WRKY), and TraesCS3B01G144800.1 (GT). CONCLUSIONS Analyzing the response of wheat to drought stress during different growth stages, we have detected three modules and 12 hub genes that are associated with drought resistance mechanisms, and five of those genes are newly identified for drought resistance. The references provided by these modules will promote the understanding of the drought-resistance mechanism. In addition, the candidate genes can be used as a basis of transgenic or molecular marker-assisted selection for improving the drought resistance and increasing the yields of wheat.
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Yang H, Dong B, Wang Y, Qiao Y, Shi C, Jin L, Liu M. Photosynthetic base of reduced grain yield by shading stress during the early reproductive stage of two wheat cultivars. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14353. [PMID: 32873861 PMCID: PMC7463241 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71268-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The young microspore (YM) stage is the most sensitive period for wheat grain formation to abiotic stress. Shading stress during YM stage reduces grain yield mainly due to grain number decrease. However, the photosynthetic base for grain number decrease is still unclear. In this study, 100% (control), 40% (S1), and 10% (S2) of natural light were applied for 1, 3, 5, and 7 days (D1, D3, D5 and D7) during YM stage of two wheat cultivars (Henong825, Kenong9204). The results showed that grain number in Henong825 and Kenong9204 was reduced by - 3.6 to 33.3% and 14.2-72.7%, respectively. The leaf photosynthetic rate (Pn) in Henong825 and Kenong9204 was deducted by 4.5-93.9% and 26.4-99.0%. Under S1-D1, the leaf Pn of Henong825 reducing was mainly due to the reduction of light intensity. With shading intensity and duration increasing, the reasons for leaf Pn decrease were the low light intensity, the low Gs (stomatal conductance) and chlorophyll content, the damage of ultrastructure of chloroplast and photosynthetic system. Under S2-D7, the chlorophyll content, Fv/Fm (maximal photochemical efficiency of photosystem II) and Jmax (maximum electron transport) were reduced by 19.6%, 5.2% and 28.8% in Henong825, and by 29.9%, 7.8% and 33.1% in Kenong9204. After shading removal, the leaf Pn of Kenong9204 under D5 and D7 could not reach to the level of CK. This study indicated that the reduction of leaf Pn was mainly due to the low light intensity under short shading duration (shorter than 3 days), and due to low light intensity and damage of the leaf photosynthetic system under longer shading duration (longer than 5 days), especially for Kenong9204 (shade-sensitive cultivar).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Laboratory of Agricultural Water-Saving, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Baodi Dong
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Laboratory of Agricultural Water-Saving, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China.
| | - Yakai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Laboratory of Agricultural Water-Saving, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yunzhou Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Laboratory of Agricultural Water-Saving, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China
| | - Changhai Shi
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Lele Jin
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Laboratory of Agricultural Water-Saving, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mengyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Laboratory of Agricultural Water-Saving, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China.
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Bheemanahalli R, Impa SM, Krassovskaya I, Vennapusa AR, Gill KS, Obata T, Jagadish SVK. Enhanced N-metabolites, ABA and IAA-conjugate in anthers instigate heat sensitivity in spring wheat. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2020; 169:501-514. [PMID: 32314362 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Unraveling the metabolic and phytohormonal changes in anthers exposed to heat stress would help identify mechanisms regulating heat stress tolerance during the sensitive reproductive stage. Two spring wheat genotypes contrasting for heat tolerance were exposed to heat stress during heading in controlled environment chambers. Anthers were collected from main and primary spikes for metabolic and phytohormonal profiling. A significant reduction in seed set (38%), grain number (54%) and grain weight (52%) per plant was recorded in the sensitive (KSG1177) but not in the tolerant (KSG1214) genotype under heat stress compared to control. Anther metabolite accumulation did not vary quantitatively between main and primary spikes. Hierarchical clustering of the genotypes and treatments using metabolites and phytohormones revealed a distinct cluster for KSG1177 under heat stress from that of control and KSG1214. A significant increase in N-based amino acids, ABA, IAA-conjugate and a decrease in polyamines and organic acids were observed in wheat anthers exposed to heat stress. Unlike KSG1214, a significantly higher accumulation of amino acids, ABA and IAA-conjugate in anthers of the sensitive KSG1177 was recorded under heat stress. These findings provide the rationale and direction towards developing molecular markers for enhancing heat stress tolerance in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Bheemanahalli
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Somayanda M Impa
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Inga Krassovskaya
- Department of Biochemistry and Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | | | - Kulvinder S Gill
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, WA, USA
| | - Toshihiro Obata
- Department of Biochemistry and Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
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Proteomic profiling of developing wheat heads under water-stress. Funct Integr Genomics 2020; 20:695-710. [PMID: 32681185 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-020-00746-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A replicated iTRAQ (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification) study on developing wheat heads from two doubled haploid (DH) lines identified from a cross between cv Westonia x cv Kauz characterized the proteome changes influenced by reproductive stage water-stress. All lines were exposed to 10 days of water-stress from early booting (Zadok 40), with sample sets taken from five head developmental stages. Two sample groups (water-stressed and control) account for 120 samples that required 18 eight-plex iTRAQ runs. Based on the IWGSC RefSeq v1 wheat assembly, among the 4592 identified proteins, a total of 132 proteins showed a significant response to water-stress, including the down-regulation of a mitochondrial Rho GTPase, a regulator of intercellular fundamental biological processes (7.5 fold) and cell division protein FtsZ at anthesis (6.0 fold). Up-regulated proteins included inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (3.83 fold) and glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase (4.05 fold). The Pre-FHE and FHE stages (full head emerged) of head development were differentiated by 391 proteins and 270 proteins differentiated the FHE and Post-FHE stages. Water-stress during meiosis affected seed setting with 27% and 6% reduction in the progeny DH105 and DH299 respectively. Among the 77 proteins that differentiated between the two DH lines, 7 proteins were significantly influenced by water-stress and correlated with the seed set phenotype response of the DH lines to water-stress (e.g. the up-regulation of a subtilisin-like protease in DH 299 relative to DH 105). This study provided unique insights into the biological changes in developing wheat head that occur during water-stress.
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