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Wang H, Huang S, Wang Z, Zhen H, Li Z, Fan W, Lu M, Han X, Du L, Zhao M, Yan Y, Zhang X, Zhen Q, Shui T. Association between meteorological factors and varicella incidence: a multicity study in Yunnan Province, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:117817-117828. [PMID: 37874521 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30457-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
This multicenter study aimed to investigate the relationship between varicella incidence and meteorological factors including mean temperature, relative humidity, sunshine duration, diurnal temperature difference, wind speed, and rainfall, as previous studies have produced varying results. Our study also sought to identify potential sources of heterogeneity. Data on reported daily varicella numbers and meteorological factors were collected for 14 cities in Yunnan Province from 2017 to 2021. A distribution-lagged nonlinear model was constructed to explore the relationship between meteorological conditions and varicella incidence in each included city. We then used multiple meta-regression to explore sources of heterogeneity using demographic economics indicators, air pollutants, and geographic location as potential modifiers. The cumulative hazard effect plot showed an inverted S-shape for the relationship between temperature and varicella, with the smallest RR (relative risk) (0.533, 95% CI: 0.401-0.708) at temperatures up to 27.2 °C. The maximum RR (1.171, 95% CI: 1.001-1.371) was obtained when the relative humidity was equal to 98.5%. The RR (1.164, 95% CI: 1.002-1.352) was greatest at a diurnal temperature range of 2 °C (1.164, 95% CI: 1.002-1.352) and least (0.913, 95% CI: 0.834-0.999) at a diurnal temperature range of 16.1 °C. The maximum RR (1.214, 95% CI: 1.089-1.354) was obtained at 0 h of sunshine, and the minimum RR (0.808, 95% CI: 0.675-0.968) was obtained at 12.4 h of sunshine. The RR (0.792, 95% CI: 0.633-0.992) was minimum at a wind velocity of 4.8 m/s. Residual heterogeneity ranged from 1 to 42.7%, with PM10 (particles with an aerodynamic diameter less than 10 μm), GDP (gross domestic product), and population density explaining some of this heterogeneity. The temperature has a dual effect on varicella incidence. Varicella cases are negatively correlated with diurnal temperature range, sunshine duration, and wind speed, and positively correlated with relative humidity. GDP and PM10 may have a significant role in altering the association between temperature and varicella, while PM10 and population density may alter the association between wind velocity and varicella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonoses Research of the Ministry of Education, Changchun, China
| | - Shanjun Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhaohan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Hua Zhen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wenqi Fan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Menghan Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xin Han
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lanping Du
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Meifang Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yuke Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xinyao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Care Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qing Zhen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonoses Research of the Ministry of Education, Changchun, China.
| | - Tiejun Shui
- Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Zhang T, Qin W, Nie T, Zhang D, Wu X. Effects of meteorological factors on the incidence of varicella in Lu'an, Eastern China, 2015-2020. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:10052-10062. [PMID: 36066801 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22878-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Varicella (chickenpox) is a serious public health problem in China, with the most reported cases among childhood vaccine-preventable infectious diseases, and its reported incidence has increased over 20-fold since 2005. Few previous studies have explored the association of multiple meteorological factors with varicella and considered the potential confounding effects of air pollutants. It is the first study to investigate and analyze the effects of multiple meteorological factors on varicella incidence, controlling for the confounding effects of various air pollutants. Daily meteorological and air pollution data and varicella cases were collected from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2020, in Lu'an, Eastern China. A combination of the quasi-Poisson generalized additive model (GAM) and distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) was used to evaluate the meteorological factor-lag-varicella relationship, and the risk of varicella in extreme meteorological conditions. The maximum single-day lag effects of varicella were 1.288 (95%CI, 1.201-1.381, lag 16 day), 1.475 (95%CI, 1.152-1.889, lag 0 day), 1.307 (95%CI, 1.196-1.427, lag 16 day), 1.271 (95%CI, 0.981-1.647, lag 4 day), and 1.266 (95%CI, 1.162-1.378, lag 21 day), when mean temperature, diurnal temperature range (DTR), mean air pressure, wind speed, and sunshine hours were -5.8°C, 13.5°C, 1035.5 hPa, 6 m/s, and 0 h, respectively. At the maximum lag period, the overall effects of mean temperature and pressure on varicella showed W-shaped curves, peaked at 17.5°C (RR=2.085, 95%CI: 1.480-2.937) and 1035.5 hPa (RR=5.481, 95%CI: 1.813-16.577), while DTR showed an M-shaped curve and peaked at 4.4°C (RR=6.131, 95%CI: 1.120-33.570). Sunshine hours were positively correlated with varicella cases at the lag of 0-8 days and 0-9 days when sunshine duration exceeded 10 h. Furthermore, the lag effects of extreme meteorological factors on varicella cases were statistically significant, except for the extremely high wind speed. We found that mean temperature, mean air pressure, DTR, and sunshine hours had significant nonlinear effects on varicella incidence, which may be important predictors of varicella early warning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Wei Qin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Lu'an Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lu'an, 237000, Anhui, China
| | - Tingyue Nie
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Deyue Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xuezhong Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232000, Anhui, China.
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Bold A, Gross H, Holzmann E, Smetak M, Birkmann J, Bertsch T, Triebel J, Sauer K, Wilhelm M, Hoeres T. Immune activating and inhibiting effects of calcitriol on γδ T cells and NK cells. Immunobiology 2022; 227:152286. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2022.152286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gayan‐Ramirez G, Janssens W. Vitamin D Actions: The Lung Is a Major Target for Vitamin D, FGF23, and Klotho. JBMR Plus 2021; 5:e10569. [PMID: 34950829 PMCID: PMC8674778 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is well known for its role as a calcium regulator and in maintenance of phosphate homeostasis in musculoskeletal health, and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and its coreceptor α-klotho are known for their roles as regulators of serum phosphate levels. However, apart from these classical actions, recent data point out a relevant role of vitamin D and FGF23/klotho in lung health. The expression of the vitamin D receptor by different cell types in the lung and the fact that those cells respond to vitamin D or can locally produce vitamin D indicate that the lung represents a target for vitamin D actions. Similarly, the presence of the four FGF receptor isoforms in the lung and the ability of FGF23 to stimulate pulmonary cells support the concept that the lung is a target for FGF23 actions, whereas the contribution of klotho is still undetermined. This review will give an overview on how vitamin D or FGF23/klotho may act on the lung and interfere positively or negatively with lung health. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghislaine Gayan‐Ramirez
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department CHROMETAKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Wim Janssens
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department CHROMETAKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Clinical Department of Respiratory DiseasesUZ LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
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Vaghari-Tabari M, Mohammadzadeh I, Qujeq D, Majidinia M, Alemi F, Younesi S, Mahmoodpoor A, Maleki M, Yousefi B, Asemi Z. Vitamin D in respiratory viral infections: a key immune modulator? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:2231-2246. [PMID: 34470511 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1972407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory viral infections are common respiratory diseases. Influenza viruses, RSV and SARS-COV2 have the potential to cause severe respiratory infections. Numerous studies have shown that unregulated immune response to these viruses can cause excessive inflammation and tissue damage. Therefore, regulating the antiviral immune response in the respiratory tract is of importance. In this regard, recent years studies have emphasized the importance of vitamin D in respiratory viral infections. Although, the most well-known role of vitamin D is to regulate the metabolism of phosphorus and calcium, it has been shown that this vitamin has other important functions. One of these functions is immune regulation. Vitamin D can regulate the antiviral immune response in the respiratory tract in order to provide an effective defense against respiratory viral infections and prevention from excessive inflammatory response and tissue damage. In addition, this vitamin has preventive effects against respiratory viral infections. Some studies during the COVID-19 pandemic have shown that vitamin D deficiency may be associated with a higher risk of mortality and sever disease in patients with COVID-19. Since, more attention has recently been focused on vitamin D. In this article, after a brief overview of the antiviral immune response in the respiratory system, we will review the role of vitamin D in regulating the antiviral immune response comprehensively. Then we will discuss the importance of this vitamin in influenza, RSV, and COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Vaghari-Tabari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Iraj Mohammadzadeh
- Non-Communicable Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Durdi Qujeq
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center (CMBRC), Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Forough Alemi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Simin Younesi
- Schoole of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melborne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ata Mahmoodpoor
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science and Health Services, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masomeh Maleki
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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de O Farias MC, Cavalcante TDLT, Assunção ML, Bueno NB. Association between maternal or cord blood concentrations of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol or vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy and the cytokines profile in the umbilical cord blood: Systematic literature review. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 203:105739. [PMID: 32846186 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2020.105739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Evidence suggests that vitamin D suppresses the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and induces the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines during pregnancy. OBJECTIVES To assess, through a systematic literature review, the relationship between maternal or cord blood concentrations of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OH-D) or vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy and the cytokines profile in the umbilical cord. METHODS The following databases were searched: PUBMED, CENTRAL, Web of Science, LILACS, and gray literature, up to July 2020. The search strategy included terms related to the exposure (25-OH-D) and the primary outcome (cytokines). Observational studies and randomized clinical trials were included, measuring cytokines in the umbilical cord blood, or in ex vivo bioassays, and blood concentrations of 25-OH-D, either throughout pregnancy or in the umbilical cord blood. Studies with twin pregnancies, with placental or autoimmune diseases, were excluded. The protocol is registered in PROSPERO (number CRD42019136643). RESULTS From 14,605 unique articles identified in the databases, 28 were read in full, and of these, eight met the eligibility criteria, being three randomized clinical trials, and five observational studies. The eight studies showed adequate methodological quality. IL-10 was the most studied cytokine, being reported in seven studies. There were higher concentrations of IL-10 in the umbilical cord of women with 25-OH-D sufficiency in the observational studies. Clinical trials showed mixed results with the use of ex vivo bioassays with several stimulants. Associations with other cytokines were less consistent or absent. CONCLUSION 25-OH-D status is positively associated with the IL-10 levels of the umbilical cord, in observational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrla C de O Farias
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Campus A. C. Simões, BR 104 Norte, Km 96,7, Tabuleiro dos Martins, CEP 57.072-970, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Thayse de L T Cavalcante
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Campus A. C. Simões, BR 104 Norte, Km 96,7, Tabuleiro dos Martins, CEP 57.072-970, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Monica L Assunção
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Campus A. C. Simões, BR 104 Norte, Km 96,7, Tabuleiro dos Martins, CEP 57.072-970, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Nassib B Bueno
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Campus A. C. Simões, BR 104 Norte, Km 96,7, Tabuleiro dos Martins, CEP 57.072-970, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil.
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Lu JY, Zhang ZB, He Q, Ma XW, Yang ZC. Association between climatic factors and varicella incidence in Guangzhou, Southern China, 2006-2018. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 728:138777. [PMID: 32330739 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the correlation between climatic factors and the incidence of varicella in Guangzhou, and improve the prevention measures about public health. METHODS Data for daily climatic variables and varicella incidence from 2006 to 2018 in Guangzhou were collected from the Guangzhou Meteorological Bureau and the National Notifiable Disease Report System. Distributed lag nonlinear models were applied to evaluate the association between climatic factors and varicella incidence. RESULTS The nonlinear effects of meteorological factors were observed. At lag day21,when the mean temperature was 31.8 °C, the relative risk was the highest as 1.11 (95% CI: 1.07-1.16). When the diurnal temperature range was 24.0 °C at lag day 20, the highest RR was 1.11 (95% CI: 1.05-1.17). For rainfall, the highest RR was 1.09 (95% CI: 1.01-1.19) at lag day 21,when the aggregate rainfall was 160 mm. When air pressure was 1028 hPa, the highest RR was 1.08 (95% CI: 1.04-1.13) at lag day 21. When wind speed was 0.7 m/s, the highest RR was 1.07 (95% CI: 1.04-1.11) at lag day 7. When the hours of sunshine were 9.0 h at lag day 21, the RR was highest as 1.04 (95% CI: 1.02-1.05). Aggregate rainfall, air pressure, and sunshine hours were positively correlated with the incidence of varicella, which was inconsistent with the wind velocity. Mean temperature showed a reverse U-shape curve relationship with varicella, while the diurnal temperature range showed a binomial distribution curve. The extreme effect of climatic factors on the varicella cases was statistically significant, apart from the extremely low effect of rainfall. CONCLUSION Our preliminary results offered fundamental knowledge which might be benefit to give an insight into epidemic trends of varicella and develop an early warning system. We could use our findings about influential factors to strengthen the intervention and prevention of varicella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Yun Lu
- Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Baiyun District Qi De Road in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510440, China
| | - Zhou-Bin Zhang
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Baiyun District Qi De Road in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510440, China
| | - Qing He
- Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Baiyun District Qi De Road in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510440, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Ma
- Department of Public Health Emergency Preparedness and Response, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Baiyun District Qi De Road in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510440, China
| | - Zhi-Cong Yang
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Baiyun District Qi De Road in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510440, China.
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Effect of Natural Compounds on NK Cell Activation. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:4868417. [PMID: 30671486 PMCID: PMC6323526 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4868417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes of the innate immune system that survey the body for stressed and abnormal cells. The integration of signals that they receive through various inhibitory and activating cell surface receptors controls their activation and ability to kill target cells and produce cytokines. In this manner, phenotypically and functionally distinct subsets of NK cells help protect against microbial infections and cancer and shape the adaptive immune response. NK cells can use two different mechanisms to kill their targets, either by cytotoxic granule exocytosis or by induction of death receptor-mediated apoptosis. Death ligands belong to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family of ligands. Upon release in close proximity to a cell slated for killing, perforin forms pores in the cell membrane of the target cell through which granzymes and associated molecules can enter and induce apoptosis. NK cells are also involved in antibody-dependent cellular toxicity via the CD16 receptor. In addition to target recognition, NK cells can be also activated by treatment with multiple compounds with stimulatory properties. Apart from interleukins, which belong to the best characterized group of NK cell-stimulating compounds, vitamins and constituents extracted from plants also display the ability to activate NK cells. The current review characterizes several groups of NK cell-activating compounds: vitamins belonging to classes A, B, C, D, and E, polysaccharides, lectins, and a number of phytochemicals used in cancer research, exhibiting stimulatory properties when applied to NK cells. Although in most cases the exact mechanism of action is not known, constituents described in this review seem to be promising candidates for NK cell-stimulating drugs.
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Sharif K, Sharif Y, Watad A, Yavne Y, Lichtbroun B, Bragazzi NL, Amital H, Shoenfeld Y. Vitamin D, autoimmunity and recurrent pregnancy loss: More than an association. Am J Reprod Immunol 2018; 80:e12991. [PMID: 29923244 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) affects close to 1% of couples; however, the etiology is known in only about 50% of the cases. Recent studies show that autoimmune dysregulation is a probable cause of RPL, which in some cases may be overlooked. In order for a pregnancy to proceed to term, early modulation of immunologic response is required to induce tolerance to the semi-allogenic fetus. Certain subsets of both the innate and adaptive immune responses play a role in the induction of fetomaternal tolerance. A relatively predominant T-cell helper (Th) 2 and T regulatory (Treg) cell population seem to favor a better pregnancy outcome, whereas Th1 and Th17 cell populations appear to have an opposite effect. Lately, the role of vitamin D in the modulation of immune response was established. Vitamin D has been shown to promote a more favorable environment for pregnancy through various mechanisms, such as enhancement of the shift toward Th2 cells and regulation of immune cell differentiation and cytokine secretion. Therefore, it seems that vitamin D deficiency sways the balance toward a worse outcome and may play a part in recurrent pregnancy loss. This review sheds light on the immunologic changes, which occur in early pregnancy and the regulatory role vitamin D has in the maintenance of this delicate balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kassem Sharif
- Department of Medicine 'B', Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.,Zabludowicz center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Yousra Sharif
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Abdulla Watad
- Department of Medicine 'B', Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.,Zabludowicz center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Yarden Yavne
- Department of Medicine 'B', Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.,Zabludowicz center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Benjamin Lichtbroun
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Howard Amital
- Department of Medicine 'B', Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.,Zabludowicz center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Yehuda Shoenfeld
- Zabludowicz center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
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Lee GY, Park CY, Cha KS, Lee SE, Pae M, Han SN. Differential effect of dietary vitamin D supplementation on natural killer cell activity in lean and obese mice. J Nutr Biochem 2018; 55:178-184. [PMID: 29525609 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D has an immunoregulatory effect on both innate and adaptive immunity. Contradictory results regarding vitamin D and natural killer (NK) cell functions have been reported with in vitro studies, but little is known about this in vivo. We investigated whether vitamin D levels (50, 1000 or 10,000 IU/kg of diet: DD, DC or DS) affect NK cell functions in mice fed a control or high-fat diet (10% or 45% kcal fat: CD or HFD) for 12 weeks. The splenic NK cell activity was significantly higher in the CD-DS group than the HFD-DS group, and the CD-DS group showed significantly higher NK cell activity compared with the CD-DD and CD-DC groups. However, no difference in NK cell activity was observed among the HFD groups fed different levels of vitamin D. The splenic population of NK cells was significantly higher in the CD-DS group than the HFD-DS group. There was no difference in the intracellular expression of IFN-γ and the surface expression of NKG2D and CD107a in NK cells by both dietary fat and vitamin D content. The splenic mRNA expression of Ifng and Ccl5 was significantly lower in the HFD groups compared with the CD groups, but there was no difference in the mRNA levels of Vdup1 and Vdr among the groups. Taken together, these results suggest that dietary vitamin D supplementation can modulate innate immunity by increasing NK activity in control mice but not in obese mice. This effect might be mediated through alternation of the splenic NK cell population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ga Young Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Chan Yoon Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Kyeong Sun Cha
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Seung Eun Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Munkyong Pae
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea.
| | - Sung Nim Han
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea; Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
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Immunomodulatory Role of Vitamin D: A Review. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1108:13-23. [PMID: 30143987 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D is well known for its classical hormonal action related to the maintenance of mineral and skeletal homeostasis. However, the discovery that vitamin D receptor (VDR) is expressed in most non-skeletal tissues points to its broad role in the human organism. Current literature emphasizes a multidirectional role of vitamin D, with a special focus on its immunomodulatory properties. As VDR and the enzyme 1-α-hydroxylase are expressed in most immune cells, vitamin D modulates the phagocytic activity of macrophages and natural killer cells. In addition, it induces the microbicidal activity of phagocytes. In contrast, vitamin D suppresses differentiation and maturation of antigen-presenting dendritic cells and B lymphocytes, and it inhibits proliferation of Th1 and Th17 cells. In this review we aimed to describe the current scientific discoveries on the role of vitamin D as immunomodulator.
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Burwick N. Vitamin D and plasma cell dyscrasias: reviewing the significance. Ann Hematol 2017; 96:1271-1277. [PMID: 28502031 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-017-3016-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is a clonal plasma cell disorder and precursor disease to multiple myeloma and other related cancers. While MGUS is considered a benign disorder, with a low risk of disease progression, patients have altered bone microarchitecture and an increased risk of bone fracture. In addition, alterations in immune function are regularly found to correlate with disease activity. Vitamin D, an important hormone for bone and immune health, is commonly deficient in multiple myeloma patients. However, vitamin D deficiency is also prevalent in the general population. The purpose of this review is to highlight the current understanding of vitamin D in health and disease and to parallel this with a review of the abnormalities found in plasma cell dyscrasias. While some consensus statements have advocated for vitamin D testing and routine supplementation in MGUS, there is no clear standard of care approach and clinical practice patterns vary. Further research is needed to better understand how vitamin D influences outcomes in MGUS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Burwick
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Division of Hematology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington Medical Center, 1705 NE Pacific St, M/S 358280, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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13
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Chen X, Yin B, Lian RC, Zhang T, Zhang HZ, Diao LH, Li YY, Huang CY, Liang DS, Zeng Y. Modulatory effects of vitamin D on peripheral cellular immunity in patients with recurrent miscarriage. Am J Reprod Immunol 2016; 76:432-438. [PMID: 27696575 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM We aimed to investigate the modulatory effects of vitamin D on peripheral blood cellular immune response in patients with recurrent miscarriage (RM). METHOD OF STUDY The effect of vitamin D on the number of peripheral blood cells, T helper 1 (Th1) cytokines, and NK cytotoxicity was measured in 99 women with RM. RESULTS The percentage of CD19+ B cells and NK cytotoxicity at an effector-to-target cell (E:T) ratio of 50:1, 25:1, and 12.5:1 were significantly higher in the vitamin D insufficiency group (VDI) than in the vitamin D normal group (VDN) (P<.05 each). The proportion of TNF-α-expressing Th cells was significantly higher in the vitamin D deficiency group (VDD) than in VDN (P<.05). However, there were no significant differences between VDI and VDD. This dysregulation was significantly reduced with 1,25(OH)2 D supplementation. CONCLUSION The data suggest that the abnormalities of cellular immune response were observed in RM patients with a low vitamin D level, which could be regulated to some extent with 1,25(OH)2 D supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Biao Yin
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of China, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ruo-Chun Lian
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong-Zhan Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Liang-Hui Diao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu-Ye Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Chun-Yu Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - De-Sheng Liang
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of China, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Zeng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Abstract
The active form of vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3), 1,25[OH](2)D(3)) has well-established effects on bone metabolism and mineral homeostasis. However, recently it has become clear that 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) has potent antiproliferative and immunomodulatory actions that are not immediately linked to its role as a skeletal regulator. Both the nuclear receptor for 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) (vitamin D receptor, VDR) and the vitamin D-activating enzyme 1alpha-hydroxylase are expressed in a wide variety of nonclassic tissues, highlighting the potential for local autocrine-paracrine responses rather than traditional endocrine effects. Prominent among the tissues that express 1alpha-hydroxylase is the placenta-decidua, and this has raised important questions concerning the potential role of locally generated 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) as a modulator of fetal-placental development and function. When bound to the VDR, 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) regulates key target genes associated with implantation, such as HOXA10, whereas the potent immunosuppressive effects of 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) suggest a role in implantation tolerance. These observations are further supported by data from our group showing increased expression of 1alpha-hydroxylase and VDR in first-trimester trophoblast and decidua from human pregnancies. Studies by other groups have reported abnormal expression of 1alpha-hydroxylase in preeclamptic pregnancies, revealing a potential role for 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) as a regulator of placentation. The effect of vitamin D on reproduction has been further endorsed by murine gene knockout models for 1alpha-hydroxylase and VDR, both of which are infertile. These observations and others are discussed in this article in which we postulate an active role for 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) in placenta-decidua. In particular, we describe how induction of the vitamin D-activating enzyme 1alpha-hydroxylase in early gestation might provide a mechanism by which environmental or dietary vitamin D can influence fetal-placental development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie N Evans
- Division of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Research, The University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham B15 2TH, United Kingdom
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15
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Lee SW, Chuang TY, Huang HH, Liu CW, Kao YH, Wu LSH. VDR and VDBP genes polymorphisms associated with susceptibility to tuberculosis in a Han Taiwanese population. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2016; 49:783-787. [PMID: 26869016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2015.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The active metabolite (1, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol) of vitamin D (25-hydroxycholecalciferol) leads to the activation of macrophages and the deficiency of vitamin D seems to be involved in the risk of tuberculosis (TB). The effects of vitamin D are exerted by interaction with the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and vitamin D receptor binding protein (VDBP) may be influenced by polymorphisms in the VDR and VDBP genes. In this study, variation in the VDR and VDBP genes was investigated in a Taiwanese population with TB. METHODS We typed four VDR polymorphisms of restriction endonuclease sites for ApaI, TaqI, BsmI, and FokI and three VDBP polymorphisms-Thr420Lys, Asp416Glu, and Cys299Cys-in 198 patients with TB and 170 healthy volunteers. RESULTS VDR TaqI, VDR BsmI, and VDBP Asp416Glu were significantly associated with TB susceptibility. Odd ratios of risk genotypes of the above three polymorphisms were 2.16 (95% confidence interval 1.01, 4.65), 2.14 (95% confidence interval 1.06, 4.31), and 2.24 (95% confidence interval 1.04, 4.80), respectively. VDBP haplotype analysis showed Gc1f carriers associated to TB. CONCLUSION The polymorphisms in the VDR and VDBP genes appeared to be responsible for host susceptibility to human TB in a Taiwanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Wei Lee
- Chest Medicine Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yi Chuang
- Chest Medicine Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Han Huang
- Chest Medicine Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Wei Liu
- Chest Medicine Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Hsi Kao
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Ota K, Dambaeva S, Kim MWI, Han AR, Fukui A, Gilman-Sachs A, Beaman K, Kwak-Kim J. 1,25-Dihydroxy-vitamin D3 regulates NK-cell cytotoxicity, cytokine secretion, and degranulation in women with recurrent pregnancy losses. Eur J Immunol 2015; 45:3188-99. [PMID: 26257123 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201545541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Revised: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D has a pivotal role in regulating immune responses by promoting Th2 immune responses and suppressing Th1 responses. Propensities to a Th1 immune response and increased NK-cell levels and cytotoxicity have been reported in women with recurrent pregnancy losses (RPL). In women with RPL, vitamin D deficiency is prevalent; however, the effect of vitamin D on NK cells is largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that CD69(+) activating receptor expression on NK cells was significantly decreased by incubation with 1,25(OH)2 D3 in a dose-dependent manner, while CD158a and CD158b inhibitory receptor expression was upregulated. The degranulation marker CD107a was significantly downregulated on NK cells following incubation with 1,25(OH)2 D3 . NK-cell conjugation with K562 target cells was not affected by 1,25(OH)2 D3 ; however, depolarization of perforin granules in conjugated NK cells was significantly increased. TLR4 expression on NK cells was significantly decreased and TNF-α and IFN-γ production was significantly reduced by 1,25(OH)2 D3 through interference with NF-κB. Our results suggest 1,25(OH)2 D3 has immune regulatory effects on NK cell cytotoxicity, cytokine secretion and degranulation process as well as TLR4 expression. Potential therapeutic application of 1,25(OH)2 D3 for dysregulated NK-cell immunity should be explored in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuniaki Ota
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA.,Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Vernon Hills, IL, USA
| | - Svetlana Dambaeva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michael Woo-Il Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ae-Ra Han
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA.,Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Vernon Hills, IL, USA
| | - Atsushi Fukui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
| | - Alice Gilman-Sachs
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kenneth Beaman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joanne Kwak-Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA.,Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Vernon Hills, IL, USA
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17
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Tamblyn JA, Hewison M, Wagner CL, Bulmer JN, Kilby MD. Immunological role of vitamin D at the maternal-fetal interface. J Endocrinol 2015; 224:R107-21. [PMID: 25663707 DOI: 10.1530/joe-14-0642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
During pregnancy, immune activity is tightly regulated so that antimicrobial protection of the mother and fetus is balanced with the need for immune tolerance to prevent fetal rejection. In this setting, the maternal-fetal interface, in the form of the uterine decidua, provides a heterogeneous immune cell population with the potential to mediate diverse activities throughout pregnancy. Recent studies have suggested that vitamin D may be a key regulator of immune function during pregnancy, with the fetal-maternal interface representing a prominent target. Among its non-classical actions are potent immunomodulatory effects, including induction of antibacterial responses and modulation of T-lymphocytes to suppress inflammation and promote tolerogenesis. Thus, vitamin D may play a pivotal role in normal decidual immune function by promoting innate responses to infection, while simultaneously preventing an over-elaboration of inflammatory adaptive immunity. Research to date has focused upon the potential role of vitamin D in preventing infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, as well as possibly suppressing of autoimmune disease. Nevertheless, vitamin D may also influence facets of immune function not immediately associated with primary innate responses. This review summarises our current understanding of decidual immune function with respect to the vitamin D metabolism and signalling, and as to how this may be affected by variations in maternal vitamin D status. There has recently been much interest in vitamin D supplementation of pregnant women, but our knowledge of how this may influence the function of decidua remains limited. Further insight into the immunomodulatory actions of vitamin D during pregnancy will help shed light upon this.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Tamblyn
- College of Medical and Dental SciencesCentre for Women's and Children's HealthCollege of Medical and Dental SciencesCentre of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (CEDAM), University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UKDepartments of PediatricsBiochemistry, and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USAReproductive and Vascular Biology GroupInstitute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UKFetal Medicine CentreBirmingham Women's Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TG, UK College of Medical and Dental SciencesCentre for Women's and Children's HealthCollege of Medical and Dental SciencesCentre of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (CEDAM), University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UKDepartments of PediatricsBiochemistry, and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USAReproductive and Vascular Biology GroupInstitute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UKFetal Medicine CentreBirmingham Women's Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TG, UK
| | - M Hewison
- College of Medical and Dental SciencesCentre for Women's and Children's HealthCollege of Medical and Dental SciencesCentre of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (CEDAM), University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UKDepartments of PediatricsBiochemistry, and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USAReproductive and Vascular Biology GroupInstitute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UKFetal Medicine CentreBirmingham Women's Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TG, UK
| | - C L Wagner
- College of Medical and Dental SciencesCentre for Women's and Children's HealthCollege of Medical and Dental SciencesCentre of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (CEDAM), University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UKDepartments of PediatricsBiochemistry, and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USAReproductive and Vascular Biology GroupInstitute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UKFetal Medicine CentreBirmingham Women's Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TG, UK
| | - J N Bulmer
- College of Medical and Dental SciencesCentre for Women's and Children's HealthCollege of Medical and Dental SciencesCentre of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (CEDAM), University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UKDepartments of PediatricsBiochemistry, and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USAReproductive and Vascular Biology GroupInstitute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UKFetal Medicine CentreBirmingham Women's Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TG, UK
| | - M D Kilby
- College of Medical and Dental SciencesCentre for Women's and Children's HealthCollege of Medical and Dental SciencesCentre of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (CEDAM), University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UKDepartments of PediatricsBiochemistry, and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USAReproductive and Vascular Biology GroupInstitute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UKFetal Medicine CentreBirmingham Women's Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TG, UK College of Medical and Dental SciencesCentre for Women's and Children's HealthCollege of Medical and Dental SciencesCentre of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (CEDAM), University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UKDepartments of PediatricsBiochemistry, and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USAReproductive and Vascular Biology GroupInstitute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UKFetal Medicine CentreBirmingham Women's Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TG, UK College of Medical and Dental SciencesCentre for Women's and Children's HealthCollege of Medical and Dental SciencesCentre of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (CEDAM), University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UKDepartments of PediatricsBiochemistry, and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USAReproductive and Vascular Biology GroupInstitute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UKFetal Medicine CentreBirmingham Women's Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TG, UK
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Hervás D, Hervás-Masip J, Nicolau A, Reina J, Hervás JA. Solar radiation and water vapor pressure to forecast chickenpox epidemics. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2014; 34:439-46. [PMID: 25265908 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-014-2243-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/31/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The clear seasonality of varicella infections in temperate regions suggests the influence of meteorologic conditions. However, there are very few data on this association. The aim of this study was to determine the seasonal pattern of varicella infections on the Mediterranean island of Mallorca (Spain), and its association with meteorologic conditions and schooling. Data on the number of cases of varicella were obtained from the Network of Epidemiologic Surveillance, which is composed of primary care physicians who notify varicella cases on a compulsory basis. From 1995 to 2012, varicella cases were correlated to temperature, humidity, rainfall, water vapor pressure, atmospheric pressure, wind speed, and solar radiation using regression and time-series models. The influence of schooling was also analyzed. A total of 68,379 cases of varicella were notified during the study period. Cases occurred all year round, with a peak incidence in June. Varicella cases increased with the decrease in water vapor pressure and/or the increase of solar radiation, 3 and 4 weeks prior to reporting, respectively. An inverse association was also observed between varicella cases and school holidays. Using these variables, the best fitting autoregressive moving average with exogenous variables (ARMAX) model could predict 95 % of varicella cases. In conclusion, varicella in our region had a clear seasonality, which was mainly determined by solar radiation and water vapor pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hervás
- University Institute for Health Sciences Research (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain,
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19
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Weeres MA, Robien K, Ahn YO, Neulen ML, Bergerson R, Miller JS, Verneris MR. The effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on in vitro human NK cell development from hematopoietic stem cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 193:3456-62. [PMID: 25149465 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1400698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] is the biologically active form of vitamin D and is immunoregulatory. 1,25(OH)2D3 binds the vitamin D receptor complex present in many immune populations and can illicit transcriptional responses that vary among different immune subsets. The effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 on mature and developing human NK cells are not well characterized. In the present study, we examined the influence of 1,25(OH)2D3 using an established NK cell differentiation system. Briefly, umbilical cord blood CD34(+) cells were isolated and cultured in conditions optimal for NK cell differentiation, and varying concentrations of 1,25(OH)2D3 were administered. At physiological concentrations (10 nM), 1,25(OH)2D3 impaired NK cell development. Moreover, the NK cells that did develop under the influence of 1,25(OH)2D3 showed a significant reduction in function (cytotoxicity and cytokine production). Conversely, 1,25(OH)2D3 strongly induced hematopoietic stem cells to differentiate along a myeloid pathway, giving rise to CD14(+) cells. Mechanistically, 1,25(OH)2D3 drives hematopoietic progenitor cells to rapidly upregulate monocyte genes (i.e., C/EBP-α and CD14). There were no effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 on mature NK cytotoxicity or cytokine production. Collectively, these studies provide novel data showing the negative regulatory effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 on NK cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Weeres
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Kim Robien
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052; and
| | - Yong-Oon Ahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Marie-Luise Neulen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Rachel Bergerson
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Jeffery S Miller
- Department of Medicine, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Michael R Verneris
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455;
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20
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Hervás D, Hervás-Masip J, Rosell A, Mena A, Pérez JL, Hervás JA. Are hospitalizations for rotavirus gastroenteritis associated with meteorologic factors? Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2014; 33:1547-53. [PMID: 24760250 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-014-2106-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Local climatic factors might explain seasonal patterns of rotavirus infections, but few models have been proposed to determine the effects of weather conditions on rotavirus activity. Here, we study the association of meteorologic factors with rotavirus activity, as determined by the number of children hospitalized for rotavirus gastroenteritis on the Mediterranean island of Mallorca (Spain). We conducted a retrospective review of the medical records of children aged 0-5 years admitted for rotavirus gastroenteritis between January 2000 and December 2010. The number of rotavirus hospitalizations was correlated to temperature, humidity, rainfall, atmospheric pressure, water vapor pressure, wind speed, and solar radiation using regression and time-series techniques. A total of 311 patients were hospitalized for rotavirus gastroenteritis in the 11-year study period, with a seasonal pattern from December to June, and a peak incidence in February. After multiple regressions, weekly rotavirus activity could be explained in 82 % of cases (p < 0.001) with a one-week lag meteorologic model. Rotavirus activity was negatively associated to temperature and positively associated to atmospheric pressure, solar radiation, and wind speed. Temperature and solar radiation were the factors that contributed most to the model, with a peak rotavirus activity at 9 °C and 800 10KJ/m(2), respectively. In conclusion, hospitalization for rotavirus was strongly associated with mean temperature, but an association of rotavirus activity with solar radiation, atmospheric pressure, and wind speed was also demonstrated. This model predicted more than 80 % of rotavirus hospitalizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hervás
- University Institute for Health Sciences Research (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain,
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22
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Peelen E, Knippenberg S, Muris AH, Thewissen M, Smolders J, Tervaert JWC, Hupperts R, Damoiseaux J. Effects of vitamin D on the peripheral adaptive immune system: a review. Autoimmun Rev 2011; 10:733-43. [PMID: 21621002 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2011.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2011] [Accepted: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown that a poor vitamin D status is associated with an increased risk of several diseases, including autoimmune diseases. The immune regulatory function of vitamin D is thought to have an important role in these associations. Cells of the adaptive immune system have shown to be direct targets of the vitamin D metabolites. Besides being direct targets, cells of the adaptive immune system express the enzymes involved in the metabolism of vitamin D, enabling them to locally convert 25(OH)D into its active metabolite 1,25(OH)2D. In this review, the effects of vitamin D on cells of the adaptive immune system are described. Experimental data in vitro show that vitamin D skews cells of the adaptive immune system toward a more tolerogenic status which might be exploited in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. However, it should be noticed that in vivo effects may differ from in vitro effects due to the cross-talk between different vitamin D sensitive cells, but data support the view that vitamin D is positively involved in maintaining or restoring immune homeostasis. Upcoming vitamin D supplementation trials will further elucidate the in vivo effects of vitamin D on the immune system and its potency to serve as an immune regulating agent in autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Peelen
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Vidyarani M, Selvaraj P, Raghavan S, Narayanan P. Regulatory role of 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and vitamin D receptor gene variants on intracellular granzyme A expression in pulmonary tuberculosis. Exp Mol Pathol 2009; 86:69-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2008.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2008] [Revised: 09/30/2008] [Accepted: 10/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Szodoray P, Nakken B, Gaal J, Jonsson R, Szegedi A, Zold E, Szegedi G, Brun JG, Gesztelyi R, Zeher M, Bodolay E. The complex role of vitamin D in autoimmune diseases. Scand J Immunol 2008; 68:261-9. [PMID: 18510590 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2008.02127.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D, besides having well-known control functions of calcium and phosphorus metabolism, bone formation and mineralization, also has a role in the maintenance of immune-homeostasis. The immune-regulatory role of vitamin D affects both the innate and adaptive immune system contributing to the immune-tolerance of self-structures. Impaired vitamin D supply/regulation, amongst other factors, leads to the development of autoimmune processes in animal models of various autoimmune diseases. The administration of vitamin D in these animals leads to improvement of immune-mediated symptoms. Moreover, in human autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, or rheumatoid arthritis the pathogenic role of vitamin D has been described. The review aims at describing the complex immune-regulatory role of vitamin D from the cellular level through autoimmune animal models and depicting the known contribution of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of human autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Szodoray
- Division of Clinical Immunology, 3rd Department of Medicine, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
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Yokomura K, Suda T, Sasaki S, Inui N, Chida K, Nakamura H. Increased expression of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3)-1alpha-hydroxylase gene in alveolar macrophages of patients with lung cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003; 88:5704-9. [PMID: 14671156 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2003-030537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
25-Hydroxyvitamin D(3)-1alpha-hydroxylase (1alpha-hydroxylase) plays a central role in calcium metabolism by synthesizing the active hormone 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) in the kidney. Its increased expression in the extrarenal tissues has been found in alveolar macrophages in sarcoidosis but not in any other pathological conditions. We found that 1alpha-hydroxylase-mRNA in alveolar macrophages measured by semiquantitative RT-PCR was 2-fold greater in patients with lung cancer than in control subjects (0.61 +/- 0.20 vs. 0.34 +/- 0.11, respectively; P < 0.0001). When the clinical stages of lung cancer were divided into early (stage IA-IIIA) and advanced (stage IIIB and IV) and the expression of 1alpha-hydroxylase gene was compared among the control, early, and advanced groups, the advanced group showed the highest expression, followed by the early group, then the control group (0.34 +/- 0.11, 0.52 +/- 0.11, and 0.69 +/- 0.23 for control, early, and advanced groups, respectively; P < 0.0001). The 1alpha-hydroxylase-mRNA level was well correlated with serum 1alpha,25-dihydroxylase D(3) concentration and the 1alpha,25-dihydroxylase D(3) to 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) ratio, but none of the findings related to calcium metabolism among the patients with lung cancer. Increased local production of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) may be associated with the pathological conditions, such as immunosuppression, in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koushi Yokomura
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
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Abstract
To study the 'in vivo' importance of vitamin D on the natural killer (NK) activity, rats were submitted to privational rickets induced by a diet deficient in vitamin D and phosphorus (D-P-). Thirty days after the beginning of treatment the animals showed low body weight, changes in the bone development, and decreased levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) (25-OH D(3)). NK activity, evaluated using a cytotoxicity assay against 51Cr-labeled Yac.1 target cells, was not modified by the rickets-inducing treatment during the first 30 days. Following a long-term treatment (60 days) the rachitic rats (D-P-) exhibited higher NK activity than control animals (D+P+) (P<0.05). On the other hand, D-P+ animals showed higher cytotoxic activity than D-P- and D+P+ groups. Feed replacement to the rachitic rats by a complete diet (D-P-/D+P+) led to a partial recuperation of growth, bone development, and 25-OH D(3) serum levels. The NK activity was also influenced by vitamin D intake, decreasing after treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon Kaneno
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Distrito de Rubião Jr s/n, Caixa Postal 510, cep 18618-000, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
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Schneider GB, Relfson M, Langman CB. Effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on bone resorption and natural immunity in osteopetrotic (ia) rats. J Bone Miner Res 1994; 9:585-91. [PMID: 8030447 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.5650090419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Osteopetrois is an inherited bone disease characterized by an excessive accumulation of bone throughout the skeleton. The disease in the ia (incisors absent) rat is the result of reduced bone resorption caused by defective, although numerous osteoclasts. In addition to the bone defects, ia rats have suppressed natural immunity, even though these animals have excessive numbers of natural killer (NK) cells. The osteopetrotic condition also appears to have an associated abnormality in vitamin D metabolism. Because 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3[1,25-(OH)2D3] stimulates bone resorption and has a role in the immunoregulation of NK cells, mutant and normal rats were infused with 1,25-(OH)2D3 for 14 days in an attempt to correct the defects in this mutant. Serum levels of osteocalcin, 25-OHD3, and 1,25-(OH)2D3, as well as NK function and parameters of bone resorption, were evaluated after the infusion period. Serum levels of osteocalcin and 1,25-(OH)2D3 were elevated in both ia and normal rats treated with 1,25-(OH)2D3. Serum 25-OHD3 levels were significantly reduced in the treated animals. The elevated percentage of NK cells normally found in ia rats was reduced to normal in the treated mutants, and NK cell function was elevated to normal levels of lytic activity. The percentage of NK cells and NK function remained unchanged in the treated normal rats. The bone marrow cavity size was significantly increased in the 1,25-(OH)2D3-treated mutants, as was the percentage of osteoclasts exhibiting normal morphology. Radiographically, the mutant bones were less dense.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- G B Schneider
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Health Sciences, Chicago Medical School, Illinois
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