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Rodrigues VJ, Jouanneau D, Fernandez-Fuentes N, Onime LA, Huws SA, Odaneth AA, Adams JMM. Biochemical characterisation of a PL24 ulvan lyase from seaweed-associated Vibrio sp. FNV38. JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYCOLOGY 2023; 36:697-711. [PMID: 38765689 PMCID: PMC11101340 DOI: 10.1007/s10811-023-03136-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Ulvan is a green macroalgal cell wall polysaccharide that has tremendous potential for valorisation due to its unique composition of sulphated rhamnose, glucuronic acid, iduronic acid and xylose. Several potential applications such as production of biofuels, bioplastics and other value-added products necessitate the breakdown of the polysaccharide to oligomers or monomers. Research on ulvan saccharifying enzymes has been continually increasing over the last decade, with the increasing focus on valorisation of seaweed biomass for a biobased economy. Lyases are the first of several enzymes that are involved in saccharifying the polysaccharide and several ulvan lyases have been structurally and biochemically characterised to enable their effective use in the valorisation processes. This study investigates the whole genome of Vibrio sp. FNV38, an ulvan metabolising organism and biochemical characteristics of a PL24 ulvan lyase that it possesses. The genome of Vibrio sp. FNV38 has a diverse CAZy profile with several genes involved in the metabolism of ulvan, cellulose, agar, and alginate. The enzyme exhibits optimal activity at pH 8.5 in 100 mM Tris-HCl buffer and 30 °C. However, its thermal stability is poor with significant loss of activity after 2 h of incubation at temperatures above 25 °C. Breakdown product analysis reveals that the enzyme depolymerised the polysaccharide predominantly to disaccharides and tetrasaccharides. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10811-023-03136-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie J. Rodrigues
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EE United Kingdom
- DBT-ICT Centre for Energy Biosciences, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga (East), Mumbai, 400019 Maharashtra India
| | - Diane Jouanneau
- Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), CNRS, 29688 Roscoff, Bretagne France
- Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, Bretagne, France
| | - Narcis Fernandez-Fuentes
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EE United Kingdom
| | - Lucy A. Onime
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EE United Kingdom
| | - Sharon A. Huws
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EE United Kingdom
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL United Kingdom
| | - Annamma A. Odaneth
- DBT-ICT Centre for Energy Biosciences, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga (East), Mumbai, 400019 Maharashtra India
| | - Jessica M. M. Adams
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EE United Kingdom
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McGurrin A, Maguire J, Tiwari BK, Garcia-Vaquero M. Anti-methanogenic potential of seaweeds and seaweed-derived compounds in ruminant feed: current perspectives, risks and future prospects. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2023; 14:145. [PMID: 38041152 PMCID: PMC10693045 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-023-00946-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
With methane emissions from ruminant agriculture contributing 17% of total methane emissions worldwide, there is increasing urgency to develop strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in this sector. One of the proposed strategies is ruminant feed intervention studies focused on the inclusion of anti-methanogenic compounds which are those capable of interacting with the rumen microbiome, reducing the capacity of ruminal microorganisms to produce methane. Recently, seaweeds have been investigated for their ability to reduce methane in ruminants in vitro and in vivo, with the greatest methane abatement reported when using the red seaweed Asparagopsis taxiformis (attributed to the bromoform content of this species). From the literature analysis in this study, levels of up to 99% reduction in ruminant methane emissions have been reported from inclusion of this seaweed in animal feed, although further in vivo and microbiome studies are required to confirm these results as other reports showed no effect on methane emission resulting from the inclusion of seaweed to basal feed. This review explores the current state of research aiming to integrate seaweeds as anti-methanogenic feed additives, as well as examining the specific bioactive compounds within seaweeds that are likely to be related to these effects. The effects of the inclusion of seaweeds on the ruminal microbiome are also reviewed, as well as the future challenges when considering the large-scale inclusion of seaweeds into ruminant diets as anti-methanogenic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailbhe McGurrin
- Section of Food and Nutrition, School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Belfield, Ireland
- TEAGASC, Food Research Centre, Dublin 15, Ashtown, Ireland
| | - Julie Maguire
- Bantry Marine Research Station Ltd, Bantry, Co. Cork, P75 AX07, Gearhies, Ireland
| | | | - Marco Garcia-Vaquero
- Section of Food and Nutrition, School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Belfield, Ireland.
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Malvis Romero A, Picado Morales JJ, Klose L, Liese A. Enzyme-Assisted Extraction of Ulvan from the Green Macroalgae Ulva fenestrata. Molecules 2023; 28:6781. [PMID: 37836624 PMCID: PMC10574404 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulvan is a sulfated polysaccharide extracted from green macroalgae with unique structural and compositional properties. Due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and film-forming properties, as well as high stability, ulvan has shown promising potential as an ingredient of biopolymer films such as sustainable and readily biodegradable biomaterials that could replace petroleum-based plastics in diverse applications such as packaging. This work investigates the potential of Ulva fenestrata as a source of ulvan. Enzyme-assisted extraction with commercial cellulases (Viscozyme L and Cellulysin) and proteases (Neutrase 0.8L and Flavourzyme) was used for cell wall disruption, and the effect of the extraction time (3, 6, 17, and 20 h) on the ulvan yield and its main characteristics (molecular weight, functional groups, purity, and antioxidant capacity) were investigated. Furthermore, a combined process based on enzymatic and ultrasound extraction was performed. Results showed that higher extraction times led to higher ulvan yields, reaching a maximum of 14.1% dw with Cellulysin after 20 h. The combination of enzymatic and ultrasound-assisted extraction resulted in the highest ulvan extraction (17.9% dw). The relatively high protein content in U. fenestrata (19.8% dw) makes the residual biomass, after ulvan extraction, a potential protein source in food and feed applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Malvis Romero
- Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg University of Technology, Denickestraße 15, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
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Manikandan NA, Lens PNL. Sustainable biorefining and bioprocessing of green seaweed (Ulva spp.) for the production of edible (ulvan) and non-edible (polyhydroxyalkanoate) biopolymeric films. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:140. [PMID: 37525181 PMCID: PMC10388562 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02154-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A sustainable biorefining and bioprocessing strategy was developed to produce edible-ulvan films and non-edible polyhydroxybutyrate films. The preparation of edible-ulvan films by crosslinking and plasticisation of ulvan with citric acid and xylitol was investigated using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis. The edible ulvan film was tested for its gut-friendliness using Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium spp. (yoghurt) and was shown to improve these gut-friendly microbiome's growth and simultaneously retarding the activity of pathogens like Escherchia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Green macroalgal biomass refused after the extraction of ulvan was biologically processed by dark fermentation to produce a maximum of 3.48 (± 0.14) g/L of volatile fatty acids (VFAs). Aerobic processing of these VFAs using Cupriavidus necator cells produced 1.59 (± 0.12) g/L of biomass with 18.2 wt% polyhydroxybutyrate. The present study demonstrated the possibility of producing edible and non-edible packaging films using green macroalgal biomass as the sustainable feedstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Arul Manikandan
- National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland.
- DCU Glasnevin Campus, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - Piet N L Lens
- National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
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García-Márquez J, Moreira BR, Valverde-Guillén P, Latorre-Redoli S, Caneda-Santiago CT, Acién G, Martínez-Manzanares E, Marí-Beffa M, Abdala-Díaz RT. In Vitro and In Vivo Effects of Ulvan Polysaccharides from Ulva rigida. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16050660. [PMID: 37242444 DOI: 10.3390/ph16050660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the main bioactive compounds of interest from the Ulva species is the sulfated polysaccharide ulvan, which has recently attracted attention for its anticancer properties. This study investigated the cytotoxic activity of ulvan polysaccharides obtained from Ulva rigida in the following scenarios: (i) in vitro against healthy and carcinogenic cell lines (1064sk (human fibroblasts), HACAT (immortalized human keratinocytes), U-937 (a human leukemia cell line), G-361 (a human malignant melanoma), and HCT-116 (a colon cancer cell line)) and (ii) in vivo against zebrafish embryos. Ulvan exhibited cytotoxic effects on the three human cancer cell lines tested. However, only HCT-116 demonstrated sufficient sensitivity to this ulvan to make it relevant as a potential anticancer treatment, presenting an LC50 of 0.1 mg mL-1. The in vivo assay on the zebrafish embryos showed a linear relationship between the polysaccharide concentration and growth retardation at 7.8 hpf mL mg-1, with an LC50 of about 5.2 mg mL-1 at 48 hpf. At concentrations near the LC50, toxic effects, such as pericardial edema or chorion lysis, could be found in the experimental larvae. Our in vitro study supports the potential use of polysaccharides extracted from U. rigida as candidates for treating human colon cancer. However, the in vivo assay on zebrafish indicated that the potential use of ulvan as a promising, safe compound should be limited to specific concentrations below 0.001 mg mL-1 since it revealed side effects on the embryonic growth rate and osmolar balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge García-Márquez
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Andalusian Institute of Blue Biotechnology and Development (IBYDA), Malaga University, Campus Universitario de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Bruna Rodrigues Moreira
- Phycology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Biological Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Piedad Valverde-Guillén
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, Faculty of Science, Andalusian Institute of Blue Biotechnology and Development (IBYDA), Malaga University, Campus Universitario de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Sofía Latorre-Redoli
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, Faculty of Science, Andalusian Institute of Blue Biotechnology and Development (IBYDA), Malaga University, Campus Universitario de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Candela T Caneda-Santiago
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, Faculty of Science, Andalusian Institute of Blue Biotechnology and Development (IBYDA), Malaga University, Campus Universitario de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Gabriel Acién
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Almería University, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Eduardo Martínez-Manzanares
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Andalusian Institute of Blue Biotechnology and Development (IBYDA), Malaga University, Campus Universitario de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Malaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Manuel Marí-Beffa
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, Faculty of Science, Andalusian Institute of Blue Biotechnology and Development (IBYDA), Malaga University, Campus Universitario de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Malaga, Spain
- Networking Biomedical Research Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Málaga Biomedical Research Institute and Nanomedicine Platform (IBIMA BIONAND Platform), 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Roberto T Abdala-Díaz
- Department of Ecology and Geology, Faculty of Science, Andalusian Institute of Blue Biotechnology and Development (IBYDA), Malaga University, Campus Universitario de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Malaga, Spain
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Applications of Ulva Biomass and Strategies to Improve Its Yield and Composition: A Perspective for Ulva Aquaculture. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11111593. [DOI: 10.3390/biology11111593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Sea lettuce (Ulva spp.), with its worldwide distribution and remarkable ability to grow rapidly under various conditions, represents an important natural resource that is still under-exploited. Its biomass can be used for a wide range of applications in the food/feed, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, biofuel, and bioremediation industries. However, knowledge of the factors affecting Ulva biomass yield and composition is far from complete. Indeed, the respective contributions of the microbiome, natural genetic variation in Ulva species, environmental conditions and importantly, the interactions between these three factors on the Ulva biomass, have been only partially elucidated. Further investigation is important for the implementation of large-scale Ulva aquaculture, which requires stable and controlled biomass composition and yields. In this review, we document Ulva biomass composition, describe the uses of Ulva biomass and we propose different strategies for developing a sustainable and profitable Ulva aquaculture industry.
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Mandal S, Nagi GK, Corcoran AA, Agrawal R, Dubey M, Hunt RW. Algal polysaccharides for 3D printing: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 300:120267. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Algal Polysaccharides-Based Hydrogels: Extraction, Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20050306. [PMID: 35621958 PMCID: PMC9146341 DOI: 10.3390/md20050306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are three-dimensional crosslinked hydrophilic polymer networks with great potential in drug delivery, tissue engineering, wound dressing, agrochemicals application, food packaging, and cosmetics. However, conventional synthetic polymer hydrogels may be hazardous and have poor biocompatibility and biodegradability. Algal polysaccharides are abundant natural products with biocompatible and biodegradable properties. Polysaccharides and their derivatives also possess unique features such as physicochemical properties, hydrophilicity, mechanical strength, and tunable functionality. As such, algal polysaccharides have been widely exploited as building blocks in the fabrication of polysaccharide-based hydrogels through physical and/or chemical crosslinking. In this review, we discuss the extraction and characterization of polysaccharides derived from algae. This review focuses on recent advances in synthesis and applications of algal polysaccharides-based hydrogels. Additionally, we discuss the techno-economic analyses of chitosan and acrylic acid-based hydrogels, drawing attention to the importance of such analyses for hydrogels. Finally, the future prospects of algal polysaccharides-based hydrogels are outlined.
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Considerable Production of Ulvan from Ulva lactuca with Special Emphasis on Its Antimicrobial and Anti-fouling Properties. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:3097-3118. [PMID: 35347670 PMCID: PMC9205838 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-03867-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the current study, a significant amount of ulvan was extracted from Ulva lactuca collected from Alexandria coastline, Egypt, using a simple extraction method. According to the chemical analysis, the obtained polysaccharide content is estimated to be 36.50 g/100 g with a high sulfate content of 19.72%. Physio-chemically, the FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of sulfated groups attached to the carbohydrate backbone. The GC–MS results revealed the presence of various monosaccharides with relative abundances in the order: fucopyranose (22.09%) > L-rhamnose (18.17%) > L-fucose (17.46%) > rhamnopyranose (14.29%) > mannopyranose (8.59%) > α-D-glactopyranose (7.64%) > galactopyranose (6.14%) > β-arabinopyranose (5.62%). In addition, the SEM–EDX depicted an amorphous architecture with a majority wt% for the elements of C, O, and S. The partially purified ulvan demonstrated potent antimicrobial activity against some fish and human pathogenic microbes. The inhibition zone diameter ranged from 11 to 18 mm. On the other hand, the prepared ulvan-chitosan hydrogel significantly improved the antimicrobial activity as the inhibition zone diameter ranged from 12 to 20. Moreover, when compared to the controls, the extracted ulvan demonstrated anti-fouling properties and successfully disrupted the biofilm formed on a glass slide submerged in seawater.
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Shefer S, Lebendiker M, Finkelshtein A, Chamovitz DA, Golberg A. Ulvan crude extract’s chemical and biophysical profile and its effect as a biostimulant on Arabidopsis thaliana. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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11
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Sasaki Y, Yoshikuni Y. Metabolic engineering for valorization of macroalgae biomass. Metab Eng 2022; 71:42-61. [PMID: 35077903 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Marine macroalgae have huge potential as feedstocks for production of a wide spectrum of chemicals used in biofuels, biomaterials, and bioactive compounds. Harnessing macroalgae in these ways could promote wellbeing for people while mitigating climate change and environmental destruction linked to use of fossil fuels. Microorganisms play pivotal roles in converting macroalgae into valuable products, and metabolic engineering technologies have been developed to extend their native capabilities. This review showcases current achievements in engineering the metabolisms of various microbial chassis to convert red, green, and brown macroalgae into bioproducts. Unique features of macroalgae, such as seasonal variation in carbohydrate content and salinity, provide the next challenges to advancing macroalgae-based biorefineries. Three emerging engineering strategies are discussed here: (1) designing dynamic control of metabolic pathways, (2) engineering strains of halophilic (salt-tolerant) microbes, and (3) developing microbial consortia for conversion. This review illuminates opportunities for future research communities by elucidating current approaches to engineering microbes so they can become cell factories for the utilization of macroalgae feedstocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Sasaki
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Yasuo Yoshikuni
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, 060-8589, Japan.
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Rosmarinic Acid and Ulvan from Terrestrial and Marine Sources in Anti-Microbial Bionanosystems and Biomaterials. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11199249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In order to increase their sustainability, antimicrobial renewable molecules are fundamental additions to consumer goods. Rosmarinic acid is extracted from several terrestrial plants and represents an effective anti-microbial agent. Ulvan, extracted from algae, is an anti-microbial polysaccharide. The present review is dedicated to discussing the sources and the extraction methodologies for obtaining rosmarinic acid and ulvan. Moreover, the preparation of bioanosystems, integrating the two molecules with organic or inorganic substrates, are reviewed as methodologies to increase their effectiveness and stability. Finally, the possibility of preparing functional biomaterials and anti-microbial final products is discussed, considering scientific literature. The performed analysis indicated that the production of both molecules is not yet performed with mature industrial technologies. Nevertheless, both molecules could potentially be used in the packaging, biomedical, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, sanitary and personal care sectors, despite some research being required for developing functional materials with specific properties to pave the way for many more applications.
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Food-Grade Biorefinery Processing of Macroalgae at Scale: Considerations, Observations and Recommendations. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse9101082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Using brown seaweed kelp species Saccharina latissima and Laminaria digitata as feedstocks, a set of pilot-scale macroalgae processing batches were conducted (50–200 kg per batch) for the production of a range of food-grade liquid and solid fractions. The aim of this communication is to relay a number of lessons learnt during this period in combination with previous relevant observations and considerations for others who are intending to process macroalgae at scale. The novelty of this paper is thus to form a bridge between academic findings and practical know-how. Considerations covers material diversity; abiotic and biotic impact and variation; and supply chain considerations. Observations covers milling and cutting; equipment requirements; and acids including their effects on heavy metals, especially lead. Recommendations summarises key points from this pilot-scale and previous work. These include: harvest seasonality, water quality and proximity to processing facilities; minimising contaminants within the macroalgae such as stones and shells; considering equipment composition and volume for all steps and processes including final product quality; acid choice and its effects on both the equipment used and the metals bioaccumulated within the macroalgae.
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Production of Ulvan Oligosaccharides with Antioxidant and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-Inhibitory Activities by Microbial Enzymatic Hydrolysis. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation7030160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Seaweed oligosaccharides have attracted attention in food, agricultural, and medical applications recently. Compared to red and brown seaweeds, fewer studies have focused on the biological activity of green seaweed’s oligosaccharides. This study aimed to produce bioactive ulvan oligosaccharides via enzymatic hydrolysis from green seaweed Ulva lactuca. Ulvan, a water-soluble polysaccharide, was obtained by hot water extraction. Two isolated marine bacteria, Pseudomonas vesicularis MA103 and Aeromonas salmonicida MAEF108, were used to produce multiple hydrolases, such as ulvanolytic enzymes, amylase, cellulase, and xylanase, to degrade the ulvan extract. An ultrafiltration system was used to separate the enzymatic hydrolysate to acquire the ulvan oligosaccharides (UOS). The characteristics of the ulvan extract and the UOS were determined by yield, reducing sugar, uronic acid, sulfate group, and total phenols. The FT-IR spectrum indicated that the ulvan extract and the UOS presented the bands associated with O-H, C=O, C-O, and S=O stretching. Angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition and antioxidant activities in vitro were evaluated in the ulvan extract and the UOS. These results provide a practical approach to producing bioactive UOS by microbial enzymatic hydrolysis that can benefit the development of seaweed-based products at the industrial scale.
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Sulastri E, Lesmana R, Zubair MS, Elamin KM, Wathoni N. A Comprehensive Review on Ulvan Based Hydrogel and Its Biomedical Applications. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2021; 69:432-443. [PMID: 33952853 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c20-00763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ulvan is a natural sulfated polysaccharide obtained from marine green algae composed of 3-sulfated rhamnoglucuronan as the main component. It has a unique chemical structure that rich of L-rhamnosa, D-glucuronic acid, and L-iduronic acid. Ulvan has a similar structure to glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in mammals including chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, and heparan sulfate that has broad range applications for many years. Here, we provide an overview of ulvan based hydrogels for biomedical applications. Hydrogels are one of ulvan advances in polymer science for application in drug delivery, tissue engineering, and wound healing. This review presented an overview about functional information of ulvan based hydrogels and the promising potential in biomedicals collected from published papers in Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Other important aspects concerning properties, hydrogel-forming mechanisms, and ulvan based hydrogel developments were reported as well. As conclusion, ulvan showed interesting properties in forming hydrogels and promising advances in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evi Sulastri
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran.,Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Tadulako
| | - Ronny Lesmana
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biology Cell, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran
| | | | - Khaled M Elamin
- Global Center for Natural Resources Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Nasrul Wathoni
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran
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Kidgell JT, Carnachan SM, Magnusson M, Lawton RJ, Sims IM, Hinkley SFR, de Nys R, Glasson CRK. Are all ulvans equal? A comparative assessment of the chemical and gelling properties of ulvan from blade and filamentous Ulva. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 264:118010. [PMID: 33910714 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Green seaweeds of the genus Ulva are rich in the bioactive sulfated polysaccharide ulvan. Herein we characterise ulvan from Ulva species collected from the Bay of Plenty, Aotearoa New Zealand. Using standardised procedures, we quantified, characterised, and compared ulvans from blade (U. australis, U. rigida, U. sp. B, and Ulva sp.) and filamentous (U. flexuosa, U. compressa, U. prolifera, and U. ralfsii) Ulva species. There were distinct differences in composition and structure of ulvans between morphologies. Ulvan isolated from blade species had higher yields (14.0-19.3 %) and iduronic acid content (IdoA = 7-18 mol%), and lower molecular weight (Mw = 190-254 kDa) and storage moduli (G' = 0.1-6.6 Pa) than filamentous species (yield = 7.2-14.6 %; IdoA = 4-7 mol%; Mw = 260-406 kDa; G' = 22.7-74.2 Pa). These results highlight the variability of the physicochemical properties of ulvan from different Ulva sources, and identifies a morphology-based division within the genus Ulva.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel T Kidgell
- MACRO - The Centre for Macroalgal Resources and Biotechnology, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, 4811, Australia.
| | - Susan M Carnachan
- The Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, 6012, New Zealand.
| | - Marie Magnusson
- Environmental Research Institute, School of Science, University of Waikato, Tauranga, 3110, New Zealand.
| | - Rebecca J Lawton
- Environmental Research Institute, School of Science, University of Waikato, Tauranga, 3110, New Zealand.
| | - Ian M Sims
- The Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, 6012, New Zealand.
| | - Simon F R Hinkley
- The Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, 6012, New Zealand.
| | - Rocky de Nys
- MACRO - The Centre for Macroalgal Resources and Biotechnology, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, 4811, Australia.
| | - Christopher R K Glasson
- Environmental Research Institute, School of Science, University of Waikato, Tauranga, 3110, New Zealand.
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The non-sulfated ulvanobiuronic acid of ulvans is the smallest active unit able to induce an oxidative burst in dicot cells. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 270:118338. [PMID: 34364593 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Ulvans from green algae are promising compounds for plant protection because they are environmentally friendly and induce plant defense responses. We analyzed the structure-function relationship of ulvan polymers and oligomers for their elicitor activity in suspension-cultured cells of three dicot species. The polysaccharide from Ulva fasciata was characterized regarding its monosaccharide composition, degree of sulfation, and molecular mass. The polymer was partially depolymerized using acid hydrolysis, and the oligomers were separated using size exclusion chromatography. The oligomeric fractions were analyzed revealing mostly sulfated and de-sulfated ulvan dimers. Both the polymer and the oligomer fractions induced an NADPH oxidase-dependent oxidative burst in plant cells. The elicitor activity of the ulvan dimers did not require sulfation. By identifying the smallest elicitor-active unit, HexA-Rha, we took an important next step to understand how the structure influences ulvan elicitor responses. The desulfated ulvan dimer is discussed as a promising agro-biologic for sustainable agriculture.
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Klongklaew N, Praiboon J, Tamtin M, Srisapoome P. Chemical composition of a hot water crude extract (HWCE) from Ulva intestinalis and its potential effects on growth performance, immune responses, and resistance to white spot syndrome virus and yellowhead virus in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 112:8-22. [PMID: 33600947 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, a hot water crude extract from Ulva intestinalis (Ui-HWCE) was used as a dietary supplement, and the effects on growth, immune responses, and resistance against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and yellowhead virus (YHV) infection in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) were investigated. Chemical analyses of Ui-HWCE revealed 13.75 ± 0.41% sulfate, 37.86 ± 5.96% uronic acid, and 46.63 ± 5.16% carbohydrate contents. The monosaccharide content of Ui-HWCE contained glucose (6.81 ± 0.94%), xylose (4.15 ± 0.11%), and rhamnose (25.84 ± 0.80%). Functional group analysis of Ui-HWCE by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy revealed a typical infrared spectrum of ulvan similar to the infrared spectrum of commercially purified ulvan from Ulva armoricana (77.86 ± 2.19% similarity). Ui-HWCE was added to shrimp diets via top-dressing at 0, 1, 5, and 10 g/kg diet. After 28 days, Ui-HWCE supplementation at 5 g/kg diet efficiently improved shrimp growth performance, as indicated by weight gain, average daily growth, specific growth rates, and villus height determined by observing gut morphology. Additionally, Ui-HWCE feed supplementation at 5 g/kg diet significantly increased immune responses against a pathogenic bacterium (Vibrio parahaemolyticus AHPND stain), including phagocytic activity and clearance efficiency. Furthermore, Ui-HWCE feed supplementation upregulated the expression of several immune-related genes in the hemocytes and gills. Ui-HWCE supplementation at 1 and 5 g/kg resulted in effective anti-YHV but not anti-WSSV activity, which significantly decreased the mortality rate and YHV burden in surviving shrimp. It was concluded that Ui-HWCE supplied at 5 g/kg diet exhibits growth-promoting, immune-stimulatory, and antiviral activity that could protect L. vannamei against YHV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawanith Klongklaew
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jantana Praiboon
- Department of Fishery Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Thailand
| | - Montakan Tamtin
- Coastal Aquaculture Research and Development Regional Center 2 (Samutsakhon), Department of Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Thailand
| | - Prapansak Srisapoome
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand.
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19
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Chen J, Zeng W, Gan J, Li Y, Pan Y, Li J, Chen H. Physicochemical properties and anti-oxidation activities of ulvan from Ulva pertusa Kjellm. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Beaumont M, Tran R, Vera G, Niedrist D, Rousset A, Pierre R, Shastri VP, Forget A. Hydrogel-Forming Algae Polysaccharides: From Seaweed to Biomedical Applications. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:1027-1052. [PMID: 33577286 PMCID: PMC7944484 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
With the increasing growth of the algae industry and the development of algae biorefinery, there is a growing need for high-value applications of algae-extracted biopolymers. The utilization of such biopolymers in the biomedical field can be considered as one of the most attractive applications but is challenging to implement. Historically, polysaccharides extracted from seaweed have been used for a long time in biomedical research, for example, agarose gels for electrophoresis and bacterial culture. To overcome the current challenges in polysaccharides and help further the development of high-added-value applications, an overview of the entire polysaccharide journey from seaweed to biomedical applications is needed. This encompasses algae culture, extraction, chemistry, characterization, processing, and an understanding of the interactions of soft matter with living organisms. In this review, we present algae polysaccharides that intrinsically form hydrogels: alginate, carrageenan, ulvan, starch, agarose, porphyran, and (nano)cellulose and classify these by their gelation mechanisms. The focus of this review further lays on the culture and extraction strategies to obtain pure polysaccharides, their structure-properties relationships, the current advances in chemical backbone modifications, and how these modifications can be used to tune the polysaccharide properties. The available techniques to characterize each organization scale of a polysaccharide hydrogel are presented, and the impact on their interactions with biological systems is discussed. Finally, a perspective of the anticipated development of the whole field and how the further utilization of hydrogel-forming polysaccharides extracted from algae can revolutionize the current algae industry are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Beaumont
- Queensland
University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Remy Tran
- Institute
for Macromolecular Chemistry, University
of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Grace Vera
- Institute
for Macromolecular Chemistry, University
of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dennis Niedrist
- Institute
for Macromolecular Chemistry, University
of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Aurelie Rousset
- Centre
d’Étude et de Valorisation des Algues, Pleubian, France
| | - Ronan Pierre
- Centre
d’Étude et de Valorisation des Algues, Pleubian, France
| | - V. Prasad Shastri
- Institute
for Macromolecular Chemistry, University
of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Centre
for Biological Signalling Studies, University
of Freiburg, Frieburg, Germany
| | - Aurelien Forget
- Institute
for Macromolecular Chemistry, University
of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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21
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Engineering bacteria-seaweed symbioses for modulating the photosynthate content of Ulva (Chlorophyta): Significant for the feedstock of bioethanol production. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.101945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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22
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Gajaria TK, Bhatt H, Khandelwal A, Vasu VT, Reddy CRK, Shanthana Lakshmi D. A facile chemical cross-linking approach toward the fabrication of a sustainable porous ulvan scaffold. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911520939986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ulvans represent one of the most abundant marine-derived macromolecular sulfated polysaccharides accounting for numerous biological applications including in one of the fastest growing field of biomedical sciences. Tissue engineering based on biologically inspired and naturally derived polymers has been one of the prime focuses of regenerative medicine. The present investigation is intended to explore an ionic cross-linking approach at higher pH lead by the calcium ions for casting cell growth promoting scaffolds out of the raw ulvan. The characterization studies using attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy represent specific absorptions at 2950, 980, and 600 cm−1, whereas the x-ray diffraction showed a total absence of major crystalline peaks presenting significant shift to an amorphous state. The 1H nuclear magnetic resonance study revealed functional group modifications in the backbone that might be potentially derived from calcium interactions with glucurorhamnose 3-sulfate and iduronorhamnose 3-sulfate. The atomic force microscopy together with field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy mapping revealed the resultant surface changes, whereas confocal microscopy z-stacking showed the cell proliferative activity as evident by the attainment of complete morphology. The combined chemical and biological response of the scaffold makes it a well suitable support for its cell culture and tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejal K Gajaria
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Himadri Bhatt
- Department of Zoology, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Ankit Khandelwal
- Department of Zoology, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
- Navrachana University, Vadodara, India
| | - Vihas T Vasu
- Department of Zoology, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - CRK Reddy
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
- Present address-DBT-ICT Centre for Energy Biosciences, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - D Shanthana Lakshmi
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
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A Short Review on the Valorization of Green Seaweeds and Ulvan: FEEDSTOCK for Chemicals and Biomaterials. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10070991. [PMID: 32630631 PMCID: PMC7407860 DOI: 10.3390/biom10070991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This short review analyzed the recent trend towards, progresses towards the preparation of chemicals of, and value-added biomaterials from marine macroalgae resources, especially green seaweeds and their derived ulvan polysaccharides for various applications. In recent years, ulvan both in pristine and modified forms has gained a large amount of attention for its effective utilization in various areas due to its unique physiochemical properties, lack of exploration, and higher green seaweed production. The pristine form of ulvan (sulfated polysaccharides) is used as a bio-component; food ingredient; or a raw material for the production of numerous chemicals such as fuels, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals, whereas its modified form is used in the sector of composites, membranes, and scaffolds, among others, because of its physicochemical properties. This review highlights the utilization of green seaweed and its derived ulvan polysaccharides for the preparation of numerous chemicals (e.g., solvents, fuel, and gas) and also value-added biomaterials with various morphologies (e.g., gels, fibers, films, scaffolds, nanomaterials, and composites).
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24
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Wahlström N, Nylander F, Malmhäll-Bah E, Sjövold K, Edlund U, Westman G, Albers E. Composition and structure of cell wall ulvans recovered from Ulva spp. along the Swedish west coast. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 233:115852. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.115852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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25
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Klongklaew N, Praiboon J, Tamtin M, Srisapoome P. Antibacterial and Antiviral Activities of Local Thai Green Macroalgae Crude Extracts in Pacific white Shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei). Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E140. [PMID: 32120969 PMCID: PMC7142668 DOI: 10.3390/md18030140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroalgae are potentially excellent sources of bioactive secondary metabolites useful for the development of new functional ingredients. This study was conducted to determine the antimicrobial efficacy of the hot water crude extracts (HWCEs) of three species of local Thai green macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (Ui), U. rigida (Ur), and Caulopa lentillifera (Cl) and a commercial ulvan from U. armoricana (Ua). Chemical analysis indicated that the HWCE of Ur showed the highest sulfate content (13.9% ± 0.4%), while that of Ua contained the highest uronic acid and carbohydrate contents (41.47% ± 4.98% and 64.03% ± 2.75%, respectively), which were higher than those of Ur (32.75% ± 1.53% and 51.02% ± 3.72%). Structural analysis of these extracts by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy revealed that these HWCEs are complex with a signal at 1250 cm-1 corresponding to S=O stretching vibrations, while the signals at 850 cm-1 were attributed to the C-O-S bending vibration of the sulfate ester in the axial position. These HWCEs showed the growth suppression against some pathogenic Vibrio spp. Interestingly, the HWCEs from Ui at concentrations of 5 and 10 mg/mL completely inhibited white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in shrimp injected with HWCE-WSSV preincubated solutions. This inhibitory effect was further confirmed by the reduction in viral loads and histopathology of surviving and moribund shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawanith Klongklaew
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
| | - Jantana Praiboon
- Department of Fishery Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
| | - Montakarn Tamtin
- Phetchaburi Coastal Aquaculture Research and Development Center, Department of Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Phetchaburi 76100, Thailand;
| | - Prapansak Srisapoome
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
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Vaishnu Devi D, Viswanathan P. Sulphated polysaccharide from Sargassum myriocystum confers protection against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in adult zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 72:103269. [PMID: 31585298 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.103269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The beneficial effect of purified fraction of sulphated polysaccharide extracted from Sargassum myriocystum (SMP) was examined on the gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in adult zebrafish. The major purified fractions (SMP1, SMP2 and SMP3) were obtained by anion-exchange and size-exclusion chromatography and characterized by FTIR, GCMS and NMR. The in vitro antioxidant activities of all purified SMP fractions were analysed. The SMP2 showed maximum carbohydrate, sulphate and fucose content with strong antioxidant activity than other fractions. Further, we evaluated the efficacy of SMP2 against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in zebrafish model. The SMP2 administered group showed a significant attenuation in oxidative stress and histopathological alterations observed in renal tissues of gentamicin treated group. Moreover, the SMP2 supressed renal mRNA expression levels of KIM-1, NF-κB, TNF-α and IL-6 in dose-dependent manner. Thus, the present study suggests that the SMP2 is a potent antioxidant with anti-inflammatory and renoprotective properties that ameliorated the GEN induced nephrotoxicity in adult zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durairaj Vaishnu Devi
- Renal Research Lab, Centre for Bio Medical Research, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632 014, India
| | - Pragasam Viswanathan
- Renal Research Lab, Centre for Bio Medical Research, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632 014, India.
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27
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Rudtanatip T, Boonsri B, Praiboon J, Wongprasert K. Bioencapsulation efficacy of sulfated galactans in adult Artemia salina for enhancing immunity in shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 94:90-98. [PMID: 31470138 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.08.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Live food organisms like Artemia have been used for delivery of different substances such as nutrients, probiotics and immune-stimulants to aquatic animals. Previously, we reported that sulfated galactans (SG) from the red seaweed Gracilaria fisheri (G. fisheri) increased immune activity in shrimp. In the present study we further investigated the capacity and efficiency of bioencapsulation of SG in adult Artemia for delivery to tissues and potentially boosting the expression of immune genes in post larvae shrimp. SG were labelled with FITC (FITC-SG) for in vivo tracking in shrimp. Bioencapsulation of adult Artemia with FITC-SG (0-100 μg mL-1) was performed and the fluorescence intensity was detected in the gut lumen after enrichment periods of 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, 6 h and 24 h. The results showed the Artemia took up SG over time in a concentration-dependent manner. Shrimp were fed with the bioencapsulated Artemia (FITC-SG, 20 μg mL-1) and the shrimp were evaluated under a stereo-fluorescent microscope. At 24 h after administration, FITC-SG was located in gills and hepatopancreas and also bound with haemocytes. With daily SG administration, the genes IMD, IKKβ were up-regulated (after 1 day) while genes dicer and proPO-I were up-regulated later (after 7 days). Moreover, continued monitoring of shrimp fed for 3 consecutive days only with SG at the dose of 0.5 mg g-1 BW showed increases in the expression of IMD, IKKβ genes on day 1 and which gradually declined to normal levels on day 14, while the expression of dicer and proPO-I was increased on day 3 and remained high on day 14. These results demonstrate that bioencapsulation of SG in adult Artemia successfully delivers SG to shrimp tissues, which then bind with haemocytes and subsequently activate immune genes, and potentially increase immunity in shrimp. In addition, the present study suggests that a 3-consecutive-day regimen of SG supplemented in Artemia (0.5 mg g-1 BW) may boost and sustain the enhanced immune functions in post larvae shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tawut Rudtanatip
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Mittraphap Road, Muang District, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Boonyakorn Boonsri
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6th Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Jantana Praiboon
- Department of Fishery Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Paholyotin Road, Chatujak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Kanokpan Wongprasert
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6th Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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29
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Tziveleka LA, Ioannou E, Roussis V. Ulvan, a bioactive marine sulphated polysaccharide as a key constituent of hybrid biomaterials: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 218:355-370. [PMID: 31221340 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.04.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Ulvan, a sulphated polysaccharide located in the cell walls of green algae that possesses unique structural properties albeit its repeating unit shares chemical affinity with glycosoaminoglycans, such as hyaluronan and chondroitin sulphate, has been increasingly studied over the years for applications in the pharmaceutical field. The increasing knowledge on ulvan's chemical properties and biological activities has triggered its utilization in hybrid materials, given its potential efficacy in biomedical applications. In the present review, the use of ulvan in the design of different biomaterials, including membranes, particles, hydrogels, 3D porous structures and nanofibers, is presented. The applications of these structures may vary from drug delivery to wound dressing or bone tissue engineering. In this context, general information regarding the structure and chemical variability, extraction processes, physicochemical properties, and biological activities of ulvan is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leto-Aikaterini Tziveleka
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece.
| | - Efstathia Ioannou
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece.
| | - Vassilios Roussis
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece.
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Abstract
The potential of algal biomass as a source of liquid and gaseous biofuels has been the subject of considerable research over the past few decades, with researchers strongly agreeing that algae have the potential of becoming a viable aquatic energy crop with a higher energy potential compared to that from either terrestrial biomass or municipal solid waste. However, neither microalgae nor seaweed are currently cultivated solely for energy purposes due to the high costs of harvesting, concentrating and drying. Anaerobic digestion of algal biomass could theoretically reduce costs associated with drying wet biomass before processing, but practical yields of biogas from digestion of many algae are substantially below the theoretical maximum. New processing methods are needed to reduce costs and increase the net energy balance. This review examines the biochemical and structural properties of seaweeds and of microalgal biomass that has been produced as part of the treatment of wastewater, and discusses some of the significant hurdles and recent initiatives for producing biogas from their anaerobic digestion.
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31
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Muhamad II, Zulkifli N, Selvakumaran SA, Lazim NAM. Bioactive Algal-Derived Polysaccharides: Multi-Functionalization, Therapeutic Potential and Biomedical Applications. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:1147-1162. [PMID: 31258069 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190618152133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent decades, there has been an increased interest in the utilization of polysaccharides showing biological activity for various novel applications owing to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, and some specific therapeutic activities. Increasing studies have started in the past few years to develop algal polysaccharides-based biomaterials for various applications. METHODS Saccharide mapping or enzymatic profiling plays a role in quality control of polysaccharides. Whereby, in vitro and in vivo tests as well as toxicity level discriminating polysaccharides biological activities. Extraction and purification methods are performed in obtaining algal derived polysaccharides followed by chromatographic profiles of their active compounds, structural features, physicochemical properties, and reported biological activities. RESULTS Marine algae are capable of synthesizing Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and non-GAGs or GAG mimetics such as sulfated glycans. The cell walls of algae are rich in sulfated polysaccharides, including alginate, carrageenan, ulvan and fucoidan. These biopolymers are widely used algal-derived polysaccharides for biological and biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility and availability. They constitute biochemical compounds that have multi-functionalization, therapeutic potential and immunomodulatory abilities, making them promising bioactive products and biomaterials with a wide range of biomedical applications. CONCLUSION Algal-derived polysaccharides with clearly elucidated compositions/structures, identified cellular activities, as well as desirable physical properties have shown the potential that may create new opportunities. They could be maximally exploited to serve as therapeutic tools such as immunoregulatory agents or drug delivery vehicles. Hence, novel strategies could be applied to tailor multi-functionalization of the polysaccharides from algal species with vast biomedical application potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Idayu Muhamad
- School of Chemical and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
- School of Bioscience and Medical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Nabilah Zulkifli
- School of Bioscience and Medical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Suguna A/P Selvakumaran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Science and Engineering, Manipal University, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Asmak Md Lazim
- School of Chemical and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
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Soliman RM, Younis SA, El-Gendy NS, Mostafa SSM, El-Temtamy SA, Hashim AI. Batch bioethanol production via the biological and chemical saccharification of some Egyptian marine macroalgae. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 125:422-440. [PMID: 29675837 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Marine seaweeds (macroalgae) cause an eutrophication problem and affects the touristic activities. The success of the production of the third-generation bioethanol from marine macroalgae depends mainly on the development of an ecofriendly and eco-feasible pretreatment (i.e. hydrolysis) technique, a highly effective saccharification step and finally an efficient bioethanol fermentation step. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the potentiality of different marine macroalgal strains, collected from Egyptian coasts, for bioethanol production via different saccharification processes. METHODS AND RESULTS Different marine macroalgal strains, red Jania rubens, green Ulva lactuca and brown Sargassum latifolium, have been collected from Egyptian Mediterranean and Red Sea shores. Different hydrolysis processes were evaluated to maximize the extraction of fermentable sugars; thermochemical hydrolysis with diluted acids (HCl and H2 SO4 ) and base (NaOH), hydrothermal hydrolysis followed by saccharification with different fungal strains and finally, thermochemical hydrolysis with diluted HCl, followed by fungal saccharification. The hydrothermal hydrolysis of S. latifolium followed by biological saccharification using Trichoderma asperellum RM1 produced maximum total sugars of 510 mg g-1 macroalgal biomass. The integration of the hydrothermal and fungal hydrolyses of the macroalgal biomass with a separate batch fermentation of the produced sugars using two Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains, produced approximately 0·29 g bioethanol g-1 total reducing sugars. A simulated regression modelling for the batch bioethanol fermentation was also performed. CONCLUSIONS This study supported the possibility of using seaweeds as a renewable source of bioethanol throughout a suggested integration of macroalgal biomass hydrothermal and fungal hydrolyses with a separate batch bioethanol fermentation process of the produced sugars. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The usage of marine macroalgae (i.e. seaweeds) as feedstock for bioethanol; an alternative and/or complimentary to petro-fuel, would act as triple fact solution; bioremediation process for ecosystem, renewable energy source and economy savings.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Soliman
- Process Development Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S A Younis
- Analysis and Evaluation Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - N Sh El-Gendy
- Process Development Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S S M Mostafa
- Microbiology Department, Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - S A El-Temtamy
- Process Development Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A I Hashim
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Alipour HJ, Rezaei M, Shabanpour B, Tabarsa M. Effects of sulfated polysaccharides from green alga Ulva intestinalis on physicochemical properties and microstructure of silver carp surimi. Food Hydrocoll 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2017.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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34
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Gajaria TK, Suthar P, Baghel RS, Balar NB, Sharnagat P, Mantri VA, Reddy CRK. Integration of protein extraction with a stream of byproducts from marine macroalgae: A model forms the basis for marine bioeconomy. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 243:867-873. [PMID: 28738503 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.06.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The present study describes an advanced biorefinery model for marine macroalgae that assumes significant importance in the context of marine bio-economy. The method investigated in this study integrates the extraction of crude proteins with recovery of minerals rich sap, lipids, ulvan and cellulose from fresh biomass of Ulva lactuca. The protein content extracted was 11±2.12% on dry weight basis with recovery efficiency of 68.75±4.01%. The amino acid composition of crude protein fraction showed iso-leucine as the most abundant amino acid with 16.51±0.03% followed by histidine, arginine, tyrosine, serine, aspartic acid, threonine, phenyl alanine, leucine, alanine, lysine, glycine and glutamic acid (0.22±0.24%). The digestibility of protein was as high as 85.86±5.92% indicating its suitability for use in food supplements. The protein production with co-recovery of other products would not only result in effective utilisation marine macroalgal resources but also forms the basis for marine bio-economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejal K Gajaria
- Division of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar 364002, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| | - Poornima Suthar
- Division of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar 364002, India
| | - Ravi S Baghel
- Division of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar 364002, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| | - Nikunj B Balar
- Division of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar 364002, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| | - Preeti Sharnagat
- Division of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar 364002, India
| | - Vaibhav A Mantri
- Division of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar 364002, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| | - C R K Reddy
- Division of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar 364002, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India.
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35
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Glasson CR, Sims IM, Carnachan SM, de Nys R, Magnusson M. A cascading biorefinery process targeting sulfated polysaccharides (ulvan) from Ulva ohnoi. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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36
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Pankiewicz R, Łęska B, Messyasz B, Fabrowska J, Sołoducha M, Pikosz M. First isolation of polysaccharidic ulvans from the cell walls of freshwater algae. ALGAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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37
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Bikker P, van Krimpen MM, van Wikselaar P, Houweling-Tan B, Scaccia N, van Hal JW, Huijgen WJJ, Cone JW, López-Contreras AM. Biorefinery of the green seaweed Ulva lactuca to produce animal feed, chemicals and biofuels. JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYCOLOGY 2016; 28:3511-3525. [PMID: 28035175 PMCID: PMC5155021 DOI: 10.1007/s10811-016-0842-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2015] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The growing world population demands an increase in animal protein production. Seaweed may be a valuable source of protein for animal feed. However, a biorefinery approach aimed at cascading valorisation of both protein and non-protein seaweed constituents is required to realise an economically feasible value chain. In this study, such a biorefinery approach is presented for the green seaweed Ulva lactuca containing 225 g protein (N × 4.6) kg-1 dry matter (DM). The sugars in the biomass were solubilised by hot water treatment followed by enzymatic hydrolysis and centrifugation resulting in a sugar-rich hydrolysate (38.8 g L-1 sugars) containing glucose, rhamnose and xylose, and a protein-enriched (343 g kg-1 in DM) extracted fraction. This extracted fraction was characterised for use in animal feed, as compared to U. lactuca biomass. Based on the content of essential amino acids and the in vitro N (85 %) and organic matter (90 %) digestibility, the extracted fraction seems a promising protein source in diets for monogastric animals with improved characteristics as compared to the intact U. lactuca. The gas production test indicated a moderate rumen fermentation of U. lactuca and the extracted fraction, about similar to that of alfalfa. Reduction of the high content of minerals and trace elements may be required to allow a high inclusion level of U. lactuca products in animal diets. The hydrolysate was used successfully for the production of acetone, butanol, ethanol and 1,2-propanediol by clostridial fermentation, and the rhamnose fermentation pattern was studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Bikker
- Livestock Research, Wageningen University and Research Centre, De Elst 1, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marinus M. van Krimpen
- Livestock Research, Wageningen University and Research Centre, De Elst 1, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Piet van Wikselaar
- Livestock Research, Wageningen University and Research Centre, De Elst 1, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bwee Houweling-Tan
- Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nazareno Scaccia
- Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap W. van Hal
- Biomass & Energy Efficiency, Energy research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN), Westerduinweg 3, 1755 LE Petten, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter J. J. Huijgen
- Biomass & Energy Efficiency, Energy research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN), Westerduinweg 3, 1755 LE Petten, The Netherlands
| | - John W. Cone
- Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen University, De Elst 1, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ana M. López-Contreras
- Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Cunha L, Grenha A. Sulfated Seaweed Polysaccharides as Multifunctional Materials in Drug Delivery Applications. Mar Drugs 2016; 14:E42. [PMID: 26927134 PMCID: PMC4820297 DOI: 10.3390/md14030042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, the discovery of metabolites from marine resources showing biological activity has increased significantly. Among marine resources, seaweed is a valuable source of structurally diverse bioactive compounds. The cell walls of marine algae are rich in sulfated polysaccharides, including carrageenan in red algae, ulvan in green algae and fucoidan in brown algae. Sulfated polysaccharides have been increasingly studied over the years in the pharmaceutical field, given their potential usefulness in applications such as the design of drug delivery systems. The purpose of this review is to discuss potential applications of these polymers in drug delivery systems, with a focus on carrageenan, ulvan and fucoidan. General information regarding structure, extraction process and physicochemical properties is presented, along with a brief reference to reported biological activities. For each material, specific applications under the scope of drug delivery are described, addressing in privileged manner particulate carriers, as well as hydrogels and beads. A final section approaches the application of sulfated polysaccharides in targeted drug delivery, focusing with particular interest the capacity for macrophage targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmylla Cunha
- Centre for Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
- Drug Delivery Laboratory, Centre for Biomedical Research (CBMR), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Algarve, Gambelas Campus, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
| | - Ana Grenha
- Centre for Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
- Drug Delivery Laboratory, Centre for Biomedical Research (CBMR), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Algarve, Gambelas Campus, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
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Production of sulfated oligosaccharides from the seaweed Ulva sp. using a new ulvan-degrading enzymatic bacterial crude extract. ALGAL RES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2015.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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40
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Yaich H, Garna H, Besbes S, Barthélemy JP, Paquot M, Blecker C, Attia H. Impact of extraction procedures on the chemical, rheological and textural properties of ulvan from Ulva lactuca of Tunisia coast. Food Hydrocoll 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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41
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Collén PN, Jeudy A, Sassi JF, Groisillier A, Czjzek M, Coutinho PM, Helbert W. A novel unsaturated β-glucuronyl hydrolase involved in ulvan degradation unveils the versatility of stereochemistry requirements in family GH105. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:6199-211. [PMID: 24407291 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.537480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulvans are cell wall matrix polysaccharides in green algae belonging to the genus Ulva. Enzymatic degradation of the polysaccharide by ulvan lyases leads to the production of oligosaccharides with an unsaturated β-glucuronyl residue located at the non-reducing end. Exploration of the genomic environment around the Nonlabens ulvanivorans (previously Percicivirga ulvanivorans) ulvan lyase revealed a gene highly similar to known unsaturated uronyl hydrolases classified in the CAZy glycoside hydrolase family 105. The gene was cloned, the protein was overexpressed in Escherichia coli, and enzymology experiments demonstrated its unsaturated β-glucuronyl activity. Kinetic analysis of purified oligo-ulvans incubated with the new enzyme showed that the full substrate specificity is attained by three subsites that preferentially bind anionic residues (sulfated rhamnose, glucuronic/iduronic acid). The three-dimensional crystal structure of the native enzyme reveals that a trimeric organization is required for substrate binding and recognition at the +2 binding subsite. This novel unsaturated β-glucuronyl hydrolase is part of a previously uncharacterized subgroup of GH105 members and exhibits only a very limited sequence similarity to known unsaturated β-glucuronyl sequences previously found only in family GH88. Clan-O formed by families GH88 and GH105 was singular in the fact that it covered families acting on both axial and equatorial glycosidic linkages, respectively. The overall comparison of active site structures between enzymes from these two families highlights how that within family GH105, and unlike for classical glycoside hydrolysis, the hydrolysis of vinyl ether groups from unsaturated saccharides occurs independently of the α or β configuration of the cleaved linkage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pi Nyvall Collén
- From the CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7139 "Marine Plants and Biomolecules," Station Biologique, F-29682 Roscoff Cedex, France
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42
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Yaich H, Garna H, Besbes S, Paquot M, Blecker C, Attia H. Effect of extraction conditions on the yield and purity of ulvan extracted from Ulva lactuca. Food Hydrocoll 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2012.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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43
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Abstract
Seaweeds, being prolific sources of bioactive components have garnered
unprecedented interest in recent times. The complex polysaccharides from the brown,
red and green seaweeds possess broad spectrum therapeutic properties. Especially,
the sulfated polysaccharides, viz. fucans,
carrageenans and ulvans have exhibited strong antioxidant, antitumor,
immunostimulatory, anti-inflammatory, pulmonary fibrosis
anticoagulant/antithrombotic, lipid lowering, antiviral, antibacterial,
antiprotozoan, hyperplasia prevention, gastrointestinal, regenerative and nano
medicine applications. Considering the immense biomedical prospects of sulfated
polysaccharides, the profound and emerging functional properties published in recent
times will be discussed here with experimental evidences. The limitations of the
seaweed-derived sulfated polysaccharides in healthcare will be summarized.
Strategies to maximize extraction and bioavailability will be pondered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Patel
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, 144402 Punjab India
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44
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Nyvall Collén P, Sassi JF, Rogniaux H, Marfaing H, Helbert W. Ulvan lyases isolated from the Flavobacteria Persicivirga ulvanivorans are the first members of a new polysaccharide lyase family. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:42063-42071. [PMID: 22009751 PMCID: PMC3234910 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.271825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Revised: 10/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulvans are complex sulfated polysaccharides found in the cell walls of green algae belonging to the genus Ulva. These polysaccharides are composed of disaccharide repetition moieties made up of sulfated rhamnose linked to either glucuronic acid, iduronic acid, or xylose. Two ulvan lyases of 30 and 46 kDa were purified from the culture supernatant of Persicivirga ulvanivorans. Based on peptide sequencing, the gene encoding the 46-kDa ulvan lyase was cloned. Sequence analysis revealed that the protein is modular and possesses a catalytic module similar to that of the 30-kDa ulvan lyase along with a module of unknown function. The ulvan-degrading function of the gene was confirmed by expression of the catalytic module in a heterologous system. The gene encoding the catalytic module has no sequence homolog in sequence databases and is likely to be the first member of a novel polysaccharide lyase family. Analysis of degradation products showed that both the 30- and 46-kDa ulvan lyases are endolytic and cleave the glycosidic bond between the sulfated rhamnose and a glucuronic or iduronic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pi Nyvall Collén
- CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7139 "Marine Plants and Biomolecules," Station Biologique, F-29682 Roscoff Cedex, France
| | - Jean-François Sassi
- Centre d'Etudes et de Valorisation des Algues, Presqu'île de Pen Lan, BP3, 22610 Pleubian, France
| | - Hélène Rogniaux
- UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Plate-forme Biopolymères Biologie Structurale, Rue de la Géraudière, BP 71627, 44316 Nantes, France
| | - Hélène Marfaing
- Centre d'Etudes et de Valorisation des Algues, Presqu'île de Pen Lan, BP3, 22610 Pleubian, France
| | - William Helbert
- CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7139 "Marine Plants and Biomolecules," Station Biologique, F-29682 Roscoff Cedex, France.
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Peu P, Sassi JF, Girault R, Picard S, Saint-Cast P, Béline F, Dabert P. Sulphur fate and anaerobic biodegradation potential during co-digestion of seaweed biomass (Ulva sp.) with pig slurry. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:10794-10802. [PMID: 21982451 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.08.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2011] [Revised: 08/18/2011] [Accepted: 08/22/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Seaweed (Ulva sp.) stranded on beaches were utilized as co-substrate for anaerobic digestion of pig slurry in three-month co-digestion tests in pilot scale anaerobic digesters in the laboratory. The methanogenic potential of Ulva sp. was low compared to that of other potential co-substrates available for use by farmers: 148 N m3CH4/t of volatile solids or 19 N m3CH4/t of crude product. When used as a co-substrate with pig manure (48%/52% w/w), Ulva sp. seaweed did not notably disrupt the process of digestion; however, after pilot stabilisation, biogas produced contained 3.5% H2S, making it unsuitable for energy recovery without treatment. Sequentially addition of the sulphate reduction inhibitor, potassium molybdate, to a final concentration of 3mM, temporarily reduced H2S emissions, but was unable to sustain this reduction over the three-month period. According to these pilot tests, the use of seaweed stranded on beaches as co-substrate in farm-based biogas plants shows some limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Peu
- Cemagref, UR GERE, 17 avenue de Cucillé, CS 64427, F-35044 Rennes, France.
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Fernández PV, Ciancia M, Estevez JM. CELL WALL VARIABILITY IN THE GREEN SEAWEED CODIUM VERMILARA (BRYOPSIDALES CHLOROPHYTA) FROM THE ARGENTINE COAST(1). JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2011; 47:802-10. [PMID: 27020016 DOI: 10.1111/j.1529-8817.2011.01006.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Cell wall chemistry in the coencocytic green seaweed Codium vermilara (Olivi) Delle Chiaje (Bryopsidales, Chlorophyta) is well understood. These cell walls are composed of major amounts of neutral β-(1→4)-D-mannans (Mn), sulfated polysaccharides (SPs), which include pyranosic arabinan sulfates (ArpS), pyruvylated galactan sulfates (pGaS), and mannan sulfates (MnS); also minor amounts of O-glycoproteins are present. In this study, cell wall samples of C. vermilara were investigated with regard to their monosaccharide composition and infrared spectra (using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy coupled to principal component [FTIR-PC] analysis). Samples from three different populations of C. vermilara from the Argentine coast showed: (i) an important variation in the relative arabinan content, which increases from north to south, and (ii) a measurable degree of cell wall variability in the sulfate distribution between the different sulfated polysaccharides, independent of the amount of each polysaccharide present and of total sulfate content. When cell wall composition was analyzed over three consecutive years in a single geographic location, the quantity of Mn and overall sulfate content on SPs remained constant, whereas the pGaS:ArpS molar ratio changed over the time. Besides, similar cell wall composition was found between actively growing and resting zones of the thallus, suggesting that cell wall composition is independent of growth stage and development. Overall, these results suggest that C. vermilara has developed a mechanism to adjust the total level of cell wall sulfation by modulating the ArpS:pGaS:MnS molar ratio and also by adjusting the sulfation level in each type of polymer, whereas nonsulfated Mn, as the main structural polysaccharide, did not change over the time or growing stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula V Fernández
- Cátedra de Química de Biomoléculas, Departamento de Biología Aplicada y Alimentos (CIHIDECAR-CONICET), Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE Buenos Aires, ArgentinaDepartamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular (IFIByNE-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria - Pabellón 2, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marina Ciancia
- Cátedra de Química de Biomoléculas, Departamento de Biología Aplicada y Alimentos (CIHIDECAR-CONICET), Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE Buenos Aires, ArgentinaDepartamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular (IFIByNE-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria - Pabellón 2, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - José Manuel Estevez
- Cátedra de Química de Biomoléculas, Departamento de Biología Aplicada y Alimentos (CIHIDECAR-CONICET), Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE Buenos Aires, ArgentinaDepartamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular (IFIByNE-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria - Pabellón 2, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Barbeyron T, Lerat Y, Sassi JF, Le Panse S, Helbert W, Collén PN. Persicivirga ulvanivorans sp. nov., a marine member of the family Flavobacteriaceae that degrades ulvan from green algae. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2010; 61:1899-1905. [PMID: 20833882 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.024489-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A rod shaped, Gram-stain-negative, chemo-organotrophic, heterotrophic, strictly aerobic, non-gliding bacterium, designated strain PLR(T), was isolated from faeces of the mollusc Aplysia punctata (Mollusca, Gastropoda) that had been fed with green algae belonging to the genus Ulva. The novel strain was able to degrade ulvan, a polysaccharide extracted from green algae (Chlorophyta, Ulvophyceae). The taxonomic position of strain PLR(T) was investigated by using a polyphasic approach. Strain PLR(T) was dark orange, oxidase-positive, catalase-positive and grew optimally at 25 °C, at pH 7.5 and in the presence of 2.5 % (w/v) NaCl with an oxidative metabolism using oxygen as the electron acceptor. Nitrate could not be used as the electron acceptor. Strain PLR(T) had a Chargaff's coefficient (DNA G+C content) of 35.3 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on the sequence of the 16S rRNA gene placed the novel strain in the family Flavobacteriaceae (phylum 'Bacteroidetes'), within a clade comprising Stenothermobacter spongiae, Nonlabens tegetincola, Sandarakinotalea sediminis, Persicivirga xylanidelens and Persicivirga dokdonensis. The closest neighbours of strain PLR(T) were P. xylanidelens and P. dokdonensis, sharing 95.2 and 95.5 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, respectively. Phylogenetic inference and differential phenotypic characteristics demonstrated that strain PLR(T) represents a novel species of the genus Persicivirga, for which the name Persicivirga ulvanivorans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PLR(T) ( = CIP 110082(T) = DSM 22727(T)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristan Barbeyron
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7139 'Marine Plants and Biomolecules', Station Biologique, F-29682 Roscoff Cedex, Bretagne, France
| | - Yannick Lerat
- Centre d'Etudes et de Valorisation des Algues, Presqu'île de Pen Lan, BP3, 22610 Pleubian, Bretagne, France
| | - Jean-François Sassi
- Centre d'Etudes et de Valorisation des Algues, Presqu'île de Pen Lan, BP3, 22610 Pleubian, Bretagne, France
| | - Sophie Le Panse
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, FR2424 Service d'Imagerie, Station Biologique, F-29682 Roscoff Cedex, Bretagne, France
| | - William Helbert
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7139 'Marine Plants and Biomolecules', Station Biologique, F-29682 Roscoff Cedex, Bretagne, France
| | - Pi Nyvall Collén
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7139 'Marine Plants and Biomolecules', Station Biologique, F-29682 Roscoff Cedex, Bretagne, France
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Structure and interactions of ulvan in the cell wall of the marine green algae Ulva rotundata (Ulvales, Chlorophyceae). Carbohydr Polym 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2008.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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49
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Courtois J. Oligosaccharides from land plants and algae: production and applications in therapeutics and biotechnology. Curr Opin Microbiol 2009; 12:261-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2009.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2009] [Revised: 04/21/2009] [Accepted: 04/27/2009] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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