1
|
Falcón JE, Rivero MB, Doumecq ML, Soto P, Monteavaro CE, Woudwyk MA, Barbeito CG. Variations in the carbohydrate expression pattern and in lesions of the uterine horns of BALB/c mice infected with different Tritrichomonas foetus isolates. Res Vet Sci 2022; 152:633-639. [PMID: 36209616 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Bovine tritrichomonosis, a sexually transmitted disease caused by the protozoan Tritrichomonas foetus, is characterized by producing reproductive alterations in cattle. Carbohydrates on the surface of the uterine epithelium are involved in the process of adhesion and colonization of the protozoan. The murine model has proved to be an inexpensive, practical and representative alternative to study the lesions produced in the natural host. For this work, during the first stage, 6-8 week old female BALB/c mice were inoculated with 24 different T. foetus isolates in order to classify them according to their pathogenicity. Then, seven isolates were selected and processed with lectin histochemistry to determine if the differences in pathogenicity corresponded to the changes found in the uterine carbohydrate expression pattern. In this work, we demonstrate the differences in the expression of the carbohydrate pattern between infected and uninfected mice. In addition, within the group of infected mice, differences were found in the degree of pathogenicity of the isolates, thus evidencing their biological variability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J E Falcón
- Instituto de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de la Plata, La Plata, Argentina; Laboratorio de Histología y Embriología Descriptiva, Experimental y Comparada, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de la Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - M B Rivero
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Inmunología y Microbiología (LaBIM), Instituto Multidisciplinario de Salud, Tecnología y Desarrollo (IMSaTeD), CONICET-UNSE, Santiago del Estero, Argentina.
| | - M L Doumecq
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Clínica y Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, Argentina
| | - P Soto
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Clínica y Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, Argentina
| | - C E Monteavaro
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Clínica y Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, Argentina
| | - M A Woudwyk
- Laboratorio de Histología y Embriología Descriptiva, Experimental y Comparada, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de la Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - C G Barbeito
- Instituto de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de la Plata, La Plata, Argentina; Laboratorio de Histología y Embriología Descriptiva, Experimental y Comparada, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de la Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Doumecq ML, Soto P, Casalini MB, Gimeno EJ, Barbeito CG, Monteavaro CE. Variation in the saccharide lectin binding pattern from different isolates of Tritrichomonas foetus. Exp Parasitol 2014; 147:48-53. [PMID: 25307686 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2014.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Revised: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Tritrichomonas foetus (T. foetus) is the causal agent of bovine tritrichomonosis (BT), a venereal disease that causes significant economic losses in the bovine livestock industry. The structural organization of T. foetus presents a cell membrane, an undulating membrane which extends along the parasite, three anterior flagella and a recurrent posterior flagellum. The interaction between the superficial glycoconjugates of the parasite and the host cell is one of the most relevant pathogenic mechanisms. In the present study, we analyzed the saccharide pattern through lectincytochemistry of the cell membrane, undulating membrane, cytoplasm and flagella of 28 isolates of T. foetus. Lectins that labeled most of the isolates were WGA, Con-A, RCA-I, LCA, GS-II and PHA-E showing the presence of D-mannose, D-glucose, N-acetylglucosamine and sialic acid. On the other hand, no labeling was observed in any of the structures with VVA, STA, LEA, Jacalin, GS-I, SJA, PHA-L, DSA, and weak labeling was observed with DBA, PNA, SBA and UEA I, showing therefore a low expression of N-acetylgalactosamine, L-fucose and galactose. In addition, GS II labeled in a granular pattern when lectincytochemistry was positive, whereas LCA strongly labeled the membranes and weakly the cytoplasms. The labeling variations observed among the isolates analyzed in the present work, could be related to differences in the pathogenic behavior of the isolates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Laura Doumecq
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology, School of Veterinary Sciences, National University of the Center of the Buenos Aires Province, CIVETAN, Campus Universitario, Arroyo Seco s/n, Tandil (7000), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Pedro Soto
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology, School of Veterinary Sciences, National University of the Center of the Buenos Aires Province, CIVETAN, Campus Universitario, Arroyo Seco s/n, Tandil (7000), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Belén Casalini
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology, School of Veterinary Sciences, National University of the Center of the Buenos Aires Province, CIVETAN, Campus Universitario, Arroyo Seco s/n, Tandil (7000), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eduardo Juan Gimeno
- Institute of Pathology, School of Veterinary Sciences, National University of La Plata, Calle 60 y 118 La Plata (1900), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudio Gustavo Barbeito
- Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, School of Veterinary Sciences, National University of La Plata, Calle 60 y 118 La Plata (1900) Buenos Aires, Argentina; Institute of Pathology, School of Veterinary Sciences, National University of La Plata, Calle 60 y 118 La Plata (1900), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cristina Esther Monteavaro
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology, School of Veterinary Sciences, National University of the Center of the Buenos Aires Province, CIVETAN, Campus Universitario, Arroyo Seco s/n, Tandil (7000), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
A new set of carbohydrate-positive vesicles in encysting Giardia lamblia. Protist 2012; 164:261-71. [PMID: 23266141 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2012.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Revised: 11/04/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Giardia lamblia is a protozoan parasite that presents both trophozoite and cyst forms. In this study, the distribution of the different sugar residues and the origin of the carbohydrate components of the cyst wall were studied using transmission electron microscopy, ultrastructural cytochemistry for carbohydrate detection and immunocytochemistry. Immunofluorescence microscopy using anti-cyst wall protein 1 (CWP1) and gold- and fluorescent-conjugated lectins, such as WGA and DBA, were also used. Interestingly, a population of carbohydrate-containing vesicles, distinct from the encystation-specific vesicles (ESVs) was found in the encysting cells and was named encystation carbohydrate-positive vesicles (ECVs). The differences between the ECVs and the ESVs were: (1) they are electron-translucent, whereas ESVs are electron dense; (2) they do not react with antibodies against cyst wall proteins; (3) the contents are positive for carbohydrates, whereas ESVs display a negative reaction; and (4) they exhibit a positive labeling for DBA indicating the presence of N-acetyl-galactosamine, whereas ESVs are negative. To evaluate if ECVs could be vesicles involved in the endocytic pathway, endocytic markers were used. No co-localization of these markers with ECVs was observed. We suggest that the ECVs may represent a new structure involved in cyst wall formation.
Collapse
|
4
|
ODA LEILAM, ALVIANO CELUTAS, FILHO FERNANDOCSILVA, ANGLUSTER JAYME, ROITMAN ISAAC, SOUZA WANDERLEYDE. Surface Anionic Groups in Symbiote-Bearing and Symbiote-Free Strains ofCrithidia deanei1. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.1984.tb04301.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
5
|
Abstract
The trichomonods, Trichomonas vaginalis and Tritrichomonas foetus, appear to express novel lipophosphoglycon (LPG) like glycoconjugates on their cell surface, which are structurally distinct from Leishmania LPGs'. In this article, Bibhuti Singh discusses the structural and cellular aspects o f these molecules, and speculates on their biological significance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B N Singh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Health Science Center, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Glycoconjugates are abundant and ubiquitious on the surface of many protozoan parasites. Their tremendous diversity has implicated their critical importance in the life cycle of these organisms. This review highlights our current knowledge of the major glycoconjugates, with particular emphasis on their structures, of representative protozoan parasites, including Leishmania, Trypanosoma, Giardia, Plasmodia, and others.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Guha-Niyogi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington KY 40536, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
de Koning AP, Brinkman FS, Jones SJ, Keeling PJ. Lateral gene transfer and metabolic adaptation in the human parasite Trichomonas vaginalis. Mol Biol Evol 2000; 17:1769-73. [PMID: 11070064 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A P de Koning
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
Tritrichomonas foetus is a parasite of particular veterinary importance causing bovine tritrichomonosis, a sexually transmitted disease leading to infertility and abortion. The present review summarizes the current knowledge on potential mechanisms of pathogenicity of T. foetus, the immunology of host-parasite interaction in bovine tritrichomonosis, and the experimental model systems of this parasitic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R S Felleisen
- Institute of Parasitology, University of Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kneipp LF, Andrade AF, de Souza W, Angluster J, Alviano CS, Travassos LR. Trichomonas vaginalis and Tritrichomonas foetus: expression of chitin at the cell surface. Exp Parasitol 1998; 89:195-204. [PMID: 9635443 DOI: 10.1006/expr.1998.4290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The expression of chitin as a structural component of Trichomonas vaginalis and Tritrichomonas foetus was demonstrated by using enzymatic hydrolysis by recombinant (rec-) chitinase, chemical analysis, lectin, fluorescent Calcofluor and antibody binding, glycosidases of known specificity, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and flow cytometry. Chitinous structures were characterized by their insolubility in hot alkali and by releasing glucosamine on hydrolysis with 6 N HCl. N,N'-Diacetylchitobiose and N,N,'N''-triacetylchitotriose were identified by HPLC as enzymatic hydrolysis products of the alkali-resistant polysaccharide. The location of chitin on the surface of T. vaginalis and T. foetus was inferred from the decreased reactivity with whole parasites of ligands such as Lycopersicon esculentum (TOL) and Solanum tuberosum lectins, fluorescent Calcofluor, and anti-chitin antibody, after cell treatment with rec-chitinase. Binding of [125I]TOL showed that, in T. vaginalis and T. foetus, the numbers of lectin receptors per cell were 4.2 x 10(5) and 3.0 x 10(5), respectively. Binding of the lectin to the trichomonad surface was markedly decreased by treatment with rec-chitinase. TOL interaction with the parasites was not affected by N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase treatment, showing that the lectin receptors consisted of beta-linked GlcNAc polymers and not of terminal beta-linked GlcNAc residues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L F Kneipp
- Instituto de Microbiologia Prof. Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Diniz JAP, Benchimol M. Monocercomonas sp.: Cytochemistry and Fine Structure of Freeze-Fractured Membranes. J Eukaryot Microbiol 1998. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.1998.tb04542.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
11
|
Benchimol M, de Souza W. Carbohydrate involvement in the association of a prokaryotic cell with Trichomonas vaginalis and Tritrichomonas foetus. Parasitol Res 1995; 81:459-64. [PMID: 7567902 DOI: 10.1007/bf00931786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that Trichomonas vaginalis are capable of ingesting bacteria. This observation was confirmed in the present study and extended to Tritrichomonas foetus. Using a special strain of Escherichia coli grown under conditions that produced fimbriae presenting a lectin-like molecule recognizing mannose, we showed that the bacteria attached to and were ingested by trichomonads through a mechanism involving cell-to-cell recognition. Absence of the fimbriae or addition of alpha-methyl-D-mannoside to the interaction medium blocked attachment of the bacteria to the protozoa cell surface. Ingested bacteria were later digested within the cytoplasmic vacuole.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Benchimol
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federaldo Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
The surface of parasitic protozoa plays an important role in the process of their interaction with cells from the host. The present review analyzes the structural organization of the surface of sporozoa, trypanosomatids, Entamoeba and Trichomonas, as evaluated by conventional transmission electron microscopy, cytochemical techniques and freeze-fracture. In most protozoa, no special region of surface membrane is detected. In others, however, special membrane domains have been described. As examples, we can mention the cytostome found in epimastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi, the region of attachment of the flagellum to the protozoon body in Trypanosomatidae and Trichomonadidae, and the inner membrane complex of Apicomplexa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W De Souza
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
Tritrichomonas foetus was studied using different physical and chemical fixation methods such as fast-freezing (by high pressure, "slam-freezing," and jet-propane), freeze-substitution, conventional freeze-fracture and deep-etching, cryoultramicrotomy, and routine preparation for transmission electron microscopy. The use of fast-freezing fixation (FFF) proved to be superior in terms of structural preservation due to the rapidity of this fixation compared to that obtained using conventional chemical fixation. The low temperature techniques used here were useful to confirm data already obtained by conventional freeze-fracture using chemical fixation and cryoprotection, such as the presence of flagellar rosettes and costa structure. Cryoultramicrotomy and slam-freezing also demonstrated the presence of hair-like structures projecting out from the protozoan surface. New aspects of organelles of T. foetus were demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Benchimol
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Benchimol M, Kachar B, De Souza W. Surface domains in the pathogenic protozoan Tritrichomonas foetus. THE JOURNAL OF PROTOZOOLOGY 1992; 39:480-4. [PMID: 1403983 DOI: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.1992.tb04835.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The quick-freezing and freeze-etching techniques were used to analyze surface domains of Tritrichomonas foetus. The surface of the protozoan body was not smooth, presenting surface projections, except on the flagellar surface. Images of the actual surface of the anterior flagella revealed the presence of intramembranous particles that form rosettes, as observed on the protoplasmic fracture face. They may represent integral transmembrane proteins exposed at the cell surface. Surface specializations were also observed at the flagella base and where the recurrent flagellum attaches to the cell body.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Benchimol
- Departamento de Parasitologia e Biofisica Celular, Instituto de Biofisica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bonilha VL, Saraiva EM, Silva Filho FC. Effect of a phorbol ester on basic surface properties of trichomonads. CELL BIOPHYSICS 1992; 20:1-15. [PMID: 1284779 DOI: 10.1007/bf02782651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The effect of nanomolar concentrations of 12-O-tetradecanoilphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) on the cell surface of the urogenital parasitic protozoa Trichomonas vaginalis and Tritrichomonas foetus was evaluated by means of measurements of the parasites' surface tension, electrokinesis, lectin agglutination tests, and adhesion to inert substrates. TPA-treated parasites had their adhesion increased to both plastic and glass substrates. This was accompanied by increases in the parasites' net negative surface charge and also by changes in their surface tension. The lectin agglutination assays suggest that the increase in surface negativeness may be related in some extent to alterations in the oligosaccharide composition. Successive treatment of the microorganisms with TPA and sphingosine, a well-known competitive inhibitor of the phorbol ester active site, depressed the tendency of trichomonads to exhibit a phenotype of activated cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V L Bonilha
- Departamento de Parasitologia e Biofísica Celular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Roussel F, De Carli G, Brasseur P. A cytopathic effect of Trichomonas vaginalis probably mediated by a mannose/N-acetyl-glucosamine binding lectin. Int J Parasitol 1991; 21:941-4. [PMID: 1787036 DOI: 10.1016/0020-7519(91)90170-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenic effect of a highly pathogenic strain of Trichomonas vaginalis on McCoy cell monolayers was investigated. Specific inhibition of the cytopathic effect by monosaccharides, such as N-acetyl-glucosamine (GlcNAc) and mannose (Man), was observed. Our preliminary results suggest that the pathogenicity of T. vaginalis depends on a lectin specifically sensitive to GlcNAc and to a lesser extent to Man. Although N-acetyl-mannosamine was found to be the most efficient inhibitor, this effect seems to be unrelated to the natural biological behaviour of the infested host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Roussel
- Laboratoire d'Histologie, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, Rouen, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Demes P, Pindak FF, Wells DJ, Gardner WA. Adherence and surface properties of Tritrichomonas mobilensis, an intestinal parasite of the squirrel monkey. Parasitol Res 1989; 75:589-94. [PMID: 2771926 DOI: 10.1007/bf00930953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Adherence properties of the potentially enteropathogenic Tritrichomonas mobilensis were studied in vitro. Axenically cultivated trichomonads readily attached to isolated intestinal epithelial cells and mucus of the squirrel monkey. The kinetics and nature of T. mobilensis cytadherence were microscopically evaluated in cell-suspension assay using Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and in microplate hemagglutination assay with human erythrocytes. Adherence of the parasites to target cells was concentration- and time-dependent; it was inhibited by sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic or N-glycolylneuraminic acid) and sialyllactose. Neither trypsinization of the flagellates nor their exposure to low temperature (4 degrees C) affected their cytadherence capacities. The data indicate the presence of adhesin(s) with lectin properties on T. mobilensis. Agglutination of live protozoa by animal and plant lectins with various carbohydrate-binding specificities as well as the occurrence of an electron-dense cell coat on plasma membrane suggest marked glycosylation of the parasite surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Demes
- Department of Pathology, University of South Alabama, College of Medicine, Mobile 36617
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Corbeil LB, Hodgson JL, Jones DW, Corbeil RR, Widders PR, Stephens LR. Adherence of Tritrichomonas foetus to bovine vaginal epithelial cells. Infect Immun 1989; 57:2158-65. [PMID: 2471692 PMCID: PMC313855 DOI: 10.1128/iai.57.7.2158-2165.1989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Adherence of Tritrichomonas foetus to bovine vaginal epithelial cells (VECs) in vitro was investigated with fresh washed bovine VECs and log-phase cultures of T. foetus. Observation under phase-contrast microscopy showed that T. foetus usually adhered first by the posterior flagellum and later by the body. Significantly more keratinized squamous epithelial cells were detected with attached parasites than nonkeratinized round epithelial cells. The optimal pH range for attachment was 6.0 to 7.5, with peak attachment at pH 6.5 for squamous VECs. Surface-reactive bovine antiserum to T. foetus prevented adherence to bovine squamous VECs. Inhibition of adherence occurred at nonagglutinating, nonimmobilizing serum dilutions. Antiserum fractions enriched for immunoglobulin G1 inhibited adherence, but fractions enriched for immunoglobulin G2 did not. The inhibitory antiserum was specific for several medium- to high-molecular-weight membrane antigens as detected in Western blots (immunoblots). The ability of surface-reactive antibodies to prevent adherence and to agglutinate and immobilize T. foetus indicates that they may be protective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L B Corbeil
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego 92103
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Dias Filho BP, Alviano CS, de Souza W, Angluster J. Polysaccharide and glycolipid composition in Tritrichomonas foetus. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1988; 20:329-35. [PMID: 3356298 DOI: 10.1016/0020-711x(88)90360-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
1. The polysaccharide and glycolipid composition in Tritrichomonas foetus was studied by paper, thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatographic analysis. 2. The carbohydrate components of the polysaccharide were glucose (47%), galactose (34%) and mannose (19%). N-acetylneuraminic acid was the sialic acid derivative characterized in the flagellate whole cells. 3. The sialic acid density was estimated as 2.7 x 10(7) residues/cell. 4. The long-chain base dihydrosphingosine, the carbohydrates galactose (67%), glucose (21%) and mannose (12%) as well as the fatty acids myristic (48%) and palmitic (52%) acids were characterized as components of the total glycolipids of T. foetus. 5. Total glycolipids were fractionated: a galactocerebroside and a ganglioside were identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B P Dias Filho
- Instituto de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Benchimol M, da Cunha e Silva NL, Elias CA, de Souza W. Tritrichomonas foetus: ultrastructure and cytochemistry of endocytosis. Exp Parasitol 1986; 62:405-15. [PMID: 3780934 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4894(86)90049-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Tritrichomonas foetus ingests horseradish peroxidase, native ferritin, cationized ferritin, and 0.08 micron latex beads by a process which involves the formation of pinocytic vesicles. These vesicles fuse with each other and with lysosomes forming large vacuoles. Biochemical determinations on the ingestion of horseradish peroxidase and morphometric analysis on the ingestion of cationized ferritin covered latex beads indicated that T. foetus has high endocytic activity. The process of ingestion of the various tracers used was analyzed by transmission electron microscopy of thin sections and freeze fracture replicas.
Collapse
|
21
|
Clark BL, Emery DL, Dufty JH. Therapeutic immunisation of bulls with the membranes and glycoproteins of Tritrichomonas foetus var. brisbane. Aust Vet J 1984; 61:65-6. [PMID: 6732674 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1984.tb07197.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
22
|
Pimenta PF, de Souza W. Leishmania mexicana amazonensis: surface charge of amastigote and promastigote forms. Exp Parasitol 1983; 56:194-206. [PMID: 6617803 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4894(83)90063-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The surface charge of Leishmania mexicana amazonensis was evaluated by means of the binding of colloidal iron hydroxyde particles at pH 1.8 and cationized ferritin particles at pH 7.2 to the cell surface, visualizated by electron microscopy and by direct measurements of the electrophoretic mobility of cells suspended in solutions of different pH. The following forms of the parasite were analysed: amastigotes (surrounded or not by the membrane of the endocytic vacuole, isolated from lesions), transitional forms, and infective (5 passages) and noninfective (176 passages) promastigotes. The results obtained indicate that the surface of L. m. amazonensis contains both negatively and positively charged dissociating groups and that changes occur in the surface charge during amastigote-promastigote transformation. Treatment of the parasite with neuraminidase significantly reduced the electrophoretic mobility of the cells. Neuraminidase-treated cells recovered their normal electrophoretic mobility when incubated for 8 hr in fresh culture medium by a process that is inhibited by puromycin.
Collapse
|
23
|
Wartoń A, Honigberg BM. Analysis of surface saccharides in Trichomonas vaginalis strains with various pathogenicity levels by fluorescein-conjugated plant lectins. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PARASITENKUNDE (BERLIN, GERMANY) 1983; 69:149-59. [PMID: 6602431 DOI: 10.1007/bf00926951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Certain surface saccharides of organisms from clone-derived cultures of five Trichomonas vaginalis strains, JH30A-cl. 1, JH31A-cl. 1, JH32A-cl. 1, JH34A-cl. 1, JH162A-cl. 1, and JH384A-cl. 2, which differed in their pathogenicity for women and experimental hosts, were compared with the aid of fluorescein-conjugated plant lectins using a quantitative fluorescence method. The lectins used were: concanavalin A (Con-A), wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), soybean agglutinin (SBA), castor bean agglutinin (CBA), and garden pea agglutinin (GPA). On the basis of experimental results and control experiments, the latter involving incorporation of specific inhibitory sugars in the reaction mixtures, it was concluded that: (1) All five strains had large numbers of Con-A- and WGA-binding saccharide residues. (2) Some also had smaller numbers of SBA- and CBA-binding sites. (3) No strain bound significant amounts of GPA. The differences in CBA binding were not related to pathogenicity of the parasites; however, those in SBA binding could be correlated with the pathogenicity levels of the five strains. The results obtained with SBA in the presence of N-acetyl-D-galactosamine and D-lactose and those recorded for GPA suggested that the differences between the pathogenic and mild T. vaginalis strains reflected the levels of D-lactosyl residues on the cell surfaces--these residues were more abundant on strains having higher pathogenicity levels. Possible explanation of the apparent relationships between the presence of the specific sugar residues and pathogenicity are suggested directly or by analogy with other pyranosyls (galactosyls).
Collapse
|
24
|
FILHO FERNANDOCOSTAESILVA, ELIAS CEZARANTONIO, SOUZA WANDERLEY. The Surface Charge of Tritrichomonas foetus. J Eukaryot Microbiol 1982. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.1982.tb05440.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
25
|
Costa e Silva Filho F, Elias CA, de Souza W. The surface charge of Tritrichomonas foetus. THE JOURNAL OF PROTOZOOLOGY 1982; 29:551-5. [PMID: 7175770 DOI: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.1982.tb01333.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The surface charge of Tritrichomonas foetus was evaluated by means of the binding of colloidal iron hydroxide particles at pH 1.8 and cationized ferritin particles at pH 7.2 to the cell surface, as visualized by electron microscopy and by direct measurements of the electrophoretic mobility (EPM), of cells suspended in solutions of different ionic strength and pH. At pH 7.2, T. foetus has a negative surface charge with a mean EPM of -1.03 micrometer . s-1 . V-1 . cm. At lower pH, there is a decrease in the negative surface charge with an isoelectric point at pH 1.2. At higher pH (greater than 9.0), there is an increase in the surface charge reaching an EPM of -2.5 micrometers . s-1 . V-1 . cm. These results indicate that the surface of T. foetus contains both negatively and positively charged dissociating groups. Binding of colloidal iron hydroxide and cationized ferritin particles throughout the cell surface of the protozoon was observed. Treatment of T. foetus with neuraminidase or trypsin reduced significantly the EPM of the cells. Enzyme-treated cells recovered their normal EPM when incubated for 6 h in fresh culture medium by a process that is inhibited by puromycin.
Collapse
|
26
|
Filho FC, Elias CA, De Souza W. Effect of near-ultraviolet radiation on the cell surface of the protozoan Tritrichomonas foetus. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY AND RELATED STUDIES IN PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY, AND MEDICINE 1982; 41:557-61. [PMID: 6980203 DOI: 10.1080/09553008214550631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|