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Lv L, Ren S, Jiang H, Yan R, Chen W, Yan R, Dong J, Shao L, Yu Y. The oral administration of Lacticaseibacillus casei Shirota alleviates acetaminophen-induced liver injury through accelerated acetaminophen metabolism via the liver-gut axis in mice. mSphere 2024; 9:e0067223. [PMID: 38193757 PMCID: PMC10826347 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00672-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen is a widely used antipyretic and analgesic drug, and its overdose is the leading cause of drug-induced acute liver failure. This study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of Lacticaseibacillus casei Shirota (LcS), an extensively used and highly studied probiotic, on acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury. C57BL/6 mice were gavaged with LcS suspension or saline once daily for 7 days before acute liver injury was induced via intraperitoneal injection of 300 mg/kg acetaminophen. The results showed that LcS significantly decreased acetaminophen-induced liver and ileum injury, as demonstrated by reductions in the increases in aspartate aminotransferase, total bile acids, total bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, and hepatic cell necrosis. Moreover, LcS alleviated acetaminophen-induced intestinal mucosal permeability, decreased serum IL-1α and lipopolysaccharide levels, and elevated serum eosinophil chemokine (eotaxin) and hepatic glutathione levels. Furthermore, analysis of the gut microbiota and metabolome showed that LcS reduced the acetaminophen-enriched levels of Cyanobacteria, Oxyphotobacteria, long-chain fatty acids, cholesterol, and sugars in the gut. Additionally, the transcriptomic and proteomic results showed that LcS mitigated the decrease in metabolic and immune pathways as well as glutathione formation during acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury. This is the first study showing that pretreatment with LcS alleviates acetaminophen-enriched acute liver injury, and it provides a reference for the application of LcS.IMPORTANCEAcetaminophen is the most frequently used antipyretic analgesic worldwide. As a result, overdoses easily occur and lead to drug-induced acute liver injury, which quickly progresses to liver failure with a mortality of 60%-80% if not corrected in time. The current emergency treatment for overused acetaminophen needs to be administered within 8 hours to avoid liver injury or even liver failure. Therefore, developing preventive strategies for liver injury during planned acetaminophen medication is particularly important, preferably nonpharmacological methods. Lacticaseibacillus casei Shirota (LcS) is a famous probiotic that has been used for many years. Our study found that LcS significantly alleviated acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury, especially acetaminophen-induced liver injury toward fulminant hepatic failure. Here, we elucidated the function and potential mechanisms of LcS in alleviating acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury, hoping it will provide preventive strategies to people during acetaminophen treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longxian Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Siqi Ren
- Key Laboratory of Biomarkers and In Vitro Diagnosis Translation of Zhejiang Province, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huiyong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ren Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wenyi Chen
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruiyi Yan
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinming Dong
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Shao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Institute of Translational Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biomarkers and In Vitro Diagnosis Translation of Zhejiang Province, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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2
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Ashi H, Almalki MHK, Hamed EA, Ramadan WS, Alahmadi TFH, Alami OT, Arafa SH, Alshareef AK, Alsulami FS, Alharbi AF, Al-Harbi MS, Alqurashi EH, Aashi S, Alzahrani YA, Elbanna K, Abulreesh HH. Protective and Therapeutic Effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria against Aflatoxin B1 Toxicity to Rat Organs. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1703. [PMID: 37512876 PMCID: PMC10385160 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aflatoxin (AF), a metabolite of Aspergillus flavus, is injurious to vital body organs. The bacterial defense against such mycotoxins has attracted significant attention. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are known to ameliorate AF toxicity. METHODS Thirty adult male rats were divided into six groups (five each) to perform the experiments. The control (Co) group was fed a basal diet and water. Each of the following periods lasted 21 days: the milk (MK) group orally received milk (500 µL); LAB suspension (500 µL) containing 107 cfu/mL was orally provided to the LAB group; AF (0.5 mg/kg) was orally given to the AF group; and a combination of AF and LAB was administered to the AF + LAB group. The AF/LAB group was initially given AF for 21 days, followed by LAB for the same period. Finally, the rats were dissected to retrieve blood and tissue samples for hematological, biochemical, and histological studies. RESULTS The results revealed a significant decrease in RBCs, lymphocytes, total proteins, eosinophil count, albumin, and uric acid, whereas the levels of WBCs, monocytes, neutrophils, creatinine, urea, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatinine kinase significantly increased in the AF group in comparison to the control group. The histological examination of the AF group revealed necrosis and apoptosis of the kidney's glomeruli and renal tubules, nuclei vacuolization and apoptosis of hepatocytes, congestion of the liver's dilated portal vein, lymphoid depletion in the white pulp, localized hemorrhages, hemosiderin pigment deposition in the spleen, and vacuolization of seminiferous tubules with a complete loss of testis spermatogenic cells. Meanwhile, protective and therapeutic LAB administration in AF-treated rats improved the hematological, biochemical, and histological changes. CONCLUSIONS The study revealed LAB-based amelioration to AFB1-induced disruptions of the kidney, liver, spleen, and testis by inhibiting tissue damage. The therapeutic effects of LAB were comparatively more pronounced than the protective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayat Ashi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Research Laboratories Unit, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meshal H K Almalki
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Research Laboratories Unit, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Enas A Hamed
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Wafaa S Ramadan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahani F H Alahmadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Research Laboratories Unit, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Outour Tariq Alami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Research Laboratories Unit, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara H Arafa
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Research Laboratories Unit, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atheer K Alshareef
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Research Laboratories Unit, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah S Alsulami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Research Laboratories Unit, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Areej F Alharbi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Research Laboratories Unit, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manahil S Al-Harbi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Research Laboratories Unit, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ebtehal H Alqurashi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Research Laboratories Unit, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shirin Aashi
- College of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Khaled Elbanna
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Research Laboratories Unit, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | - Hussein H Abulreesh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Research Laboratories Unit, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
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Aytekin Sahin G, Karabulut D, Unal G, Sayan M, Sahin H. Effects of probiotic supplementation on very low dose AFB1-induced neurotoxicity in adult male rats. Life Sci 2022; 306:120798. [PMID: 35843344 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most toxic and common form of AF found in food and feed. Although AFB1 exposure has toxic effects on many organs, studies on the brain are limited. Moreover, to the best of our knowledge, there is no study on the effect of probiotics on AFB1-induced neurotoxicity. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the possible effects of probiotics on AFB1-induced neurotoxicity in the brain. MAIN METHODS Thirty-two adult male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: Vehicle (VEH), Probiotic (PRO) (2.5 × 1010 CFU/day VSL#3, orally), Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) (25 μg/kg/week AFB1, orally), and Aflatoxin B1 + Probiotic (AFB1 + PRO) (2.5 × 1010 CFU/day VSL#3 + 25 μg/kg/week AFB1, orally). At the end of eight weeks, rats were behaviorally evaluated by the open field test, novel object recognition test, and forced swim test. Then, oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in brain tissues were analyzed. Next, brain sections were processed for Hematoxylin&Eosin staining and NeuN and GFAP immunostaining. KEY FINDINGS Probiotic supplementation tended to decrease oxidative stress and inflammatory markers compared to the AFB1 group. Besides, brain tissues had more normal histological structures in VEH, PRO, and AFB1 + PRO groups than in the AFB1 group. Moreover, in probiotic groups, GFAP immunoreactivity intensity was decreased, while NeuN-positive cell number increased in brain tissues compared to the AFB1 group. SIGNIFICANCE Probiotics seem to be effective at reducing the neurotoxic effects of AFB1. Thus, our study suggested that especially Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus species can improve AFB1-induced neurotoxicity with their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Aytekin Sahin
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nuh Naci Yazgan University, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Derya Karabulut
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Unal
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Meryem Sayan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Habibe Sahin
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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Ashry A, Taha NM, Lebda MA, Abdo W, El-Diasty EM, Fadl SE, Morsi Elkamshishi M. Ameliorative effect of nanocurcumin and Saccharomyces cell wall alone and in combination against aflatoxicosis in broilers. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:178. [PMID: 35568841 PMCID: PMC9107200 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03256-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The adverse effect of aflatoxin in broilers is well known. However, dietary supplementation of Saccharomyces cell wall and/or Nanocurcumin may decrease the negative effect of aflatoxin B1 because of the bio-adsorbing feature of the functional ingredients in Yeast Cell Wall and the detoxification effect of curcumin nanoparticles. The goal of this study was to see how Saccharomyces cell wall/Nanocurcumin alone or in combination with the aflatoxin-contaminated diet ameliorated the toxic effects of aflatoxin B1 on broiler development, blood and serum parameters, carcass traits, histology, immune histochemistry, liver gene expression, and aflatoxin residue in the liver and muscle tissue of broilers for 35 days. Moreover, the withdrawal time of aflatoxin was measured after feeding the aflatoxicated group an aflatoxin-free diet. Broiler chicks one day old were distributed into five groups according to Saccharomyces cell wall and/or nanocurcumin with aflatoxin supplementation. The G1 group was given a formulated diet without any supplements. The G2 group was supplemented with aflatoxin (0.25 mg/kg diet) in the formulated diet. The G3 group was supplemented with aflatoxin (0.25 mg/kg diet) and Saccharomyces cell wall (1 kg/ton diet) in the formulated diet. The G4 group was supplemented with aflatoxin (0.25 mg/kg diet) and nanocurcumin (400 mg/kg) in the formulated diet. The G5 group was supplemented with aflatoxin (0.25 mg/kg diet) and Saccharomyces cell wall (1 kg/ton diet) in combination with nanocurcumin (200 mg/kg) in the formulated diet. Results According to the results of this study, aflatoxin supplementation had a detrimental impact on the growth performance, blood and serum parameters, carcass traits, and aflatoxin residue in the liver and muscle tissue of broilers. In addition, aflatoxin supplementation led to a liver injury that was indicated by serum biochemistry and pathological lesions in the liver tissue. Moreover, the shortening of villi length in aflatoxicated birds resulted in a decrease in both the crypt depth ratio and the villi length ratio. The expression of CYP1A1 and Nrf2 genes in the liver tissue increased and decreased, respectively, in the aflatoxicated group. In addition, the aflatoxin residue was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) decreased in the liver tissue of the aflatoxicated group after 2 weeks from the end of the experiment. Conclusion Saccharomyces cell wall alone or with nanocurcumin attenuated these negative effects and anomalies and improved all of the above-mentioned metrics. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12917-022-03256-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Ashry
- Biochemistry Dept., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Matrouh, Egypt.
| | - Nabil M Taha
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21526, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Lebda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21526, Egypt
| | - Walied Abdo
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Eman M El-Diasty
- Mycology and Mycotoxins Department, Animal Health Research Institute (ARC), Dokki, Egypt
| | - Sabreen E Fadl
- Biochemistry Dept., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Matrouh, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Morsi Elkamshishi
- Department of Animal Hygiene and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Matrouh, Egypt
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A Systematic Review of the Efficacy of Interventions to Control Aflatoxins in the Dairy Production Chain—Feed Production and Animal Feeding Interventions. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14020115. [PMID: 35202142 PMCID: PMC8878089 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14020115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The study presents a systematic review of published scientific articles investigating the effects of interventions aiming at aflatoxin reduction at the feed production and animal feeding phases of the milk value chain in order to identify the recent scientific trends and summarize the main findings available in the literature. The review strategy was designed based on the guidance of the systematic review and knowledge synthesis methodology that is applicable in the field of food safety. The Web of Science and EBSCOhost online databases were searched with predefined algorithms. After title and abstract relevance screening and relevance confirmation with full-text screening, 67 studies remained for data extraction, which were included in the review. The most important identified groups of interventions based on their mode of action and place in the technological process are as follows: low-moisture production using preservatives, acidity regulators, adsorbents and various microbiological additives. The results of the listed publications are summarized and compared for all the identified intervention groups. The paper aimed to help feed producers, farmers and relevant stakeholders to get an overview of the most suitable aflatoxin mitigation options, which is extremely important in the near future as climate change will likely be accompanied by elevated mycotoxin levels.
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Liew WPP, Sabran MR, Than LTL, Abd-Ghani F. Metagenomic and proteomic approaches in elucidating aflatoxin B 1 detoxification mechanisms of probiotic Lactobacillus casei Shirota towards intestine. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 160:112808. [PMID: 34998910 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.112808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The modulation of gut microbiota and proteome due to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) by probiotics remains unclear. This study investigated the alterations of gut microbiota and proteome in AFB1-exposed rats treated with probiotic Lactobacillus casei Shirota (Lcs). Forty male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 8) comprised control, AFB1, AFB1+activated charcoal, AFB1+Lcs, and Lcs groups. The rats were subjected to different treatments via oral gavage for four weeks. Urine and serum were collected for the measurement of AFB1 biomarkers and organs were harvested for histological analysis. Metagenomic sequencing was performed on fecal samples to profile gut microbiota. Besides, AFB1 most affected organ i.e. jejunum was subjected to proteomic analysis. The results indicated that Lcs intervention significantly reduced AFB1 biomarkers. H&E-stained intestine showed Lcs alleviated AFB1-induced inflammation and abnormal cell growth, particularly at the jejunum. Although AFB1 increased potentially pathogenic bacteria and reduced beneficial bacteria abundance in feces, the microbiota composition was normalized with Lcs treatment. The gut proteome analysis of the jejunum sample showed several pathways of AFB1 toxicity, wherein Lcs treatment demonstrated its protective effect. It is concluded that metagenomic and proteomic approaches are useful tools to understand AFB1-Lcs interaction and detoxification mechanism in the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winnie-Pui-Pui Liew
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd-Redzwan Sabran
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.
| | - Leslie-Thian-Lung Than
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Fauzah Abd-Ghani
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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Zoghi A, Massoud R, Todorov SD, Chikindas ML, Popov I, Smith S, Khosravi-Darani K. Role of the lactobacilli in food bio-decontamination: Friends with benefits. Enzyme Microb Technol 2021; 150:109861. [PMID: 34489020 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2021.109861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Food contamination such as toxins and heavy metals has been increasing in the last few decades as a result of industrialization in general and as part of food production in particular. Application of microorganisms in toxins and heavy metals bio-removal has been documented and applied as a favorable decontamination approach due to being environmentally friendly, reasonably simple, and economically feasible. Lactobacilli have been proposed and applied as a beneficial biologic sorbent for toxins and heavy metals in processes of reducing their hazardous bio-availability. The purpose of this review is to summarize the known role of Lactobacillus bacterial species in food bio-decontamination processes. After a quick glimpse of the worthy properties of lactobacilli, their cell wall structure is mentioned. Then the potential role of Lactobacillus strains for mycotoxins (aflatoxins, patulin, ochratoxin A, fumonisins, zearalenone, cyanotoxins, and trichothecenes) and heavy metals (lead, arsenic copper, mercury, cadmium, zinc, aluminum, chromium, and iron) bio-removal were described. In addition, the role of various factors in removal yield and the decontamination mechanism were explained. Finally, the lactobacilli-contaminant stability, in vivo studies, and being a friend or foe of Lactobacillus bacteria are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaleh Zoghi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramona Massoud
- Department of Food and Technology, Standard Organization, Tehran, Iran
| | - Svetoslav Dimitrov Todorov
- ProBacLab, Department of Advanced Convergence, Handong Global University, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37554, Republic of Korea
| | - Michael Leonidas Chikindas
- Health Promoting Naturals Laboratory, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers State University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, 08901, USA; Center for Agrobiotechnology, Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor Popov
- Center for Agrobiotechnology, Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Stephanie Smith
- Project SUPER, Douglass Residential College, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Kianoush Khosravi-Darani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Sadiq FA, Yan B, Tian F, Zhao J, Zhang H, Chen W. Lactic Acid Bacteria as Antifungal and Anti-Mycotoxigenic Agents: A Comprehensive Review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2019; 18:1403-1436. [PMID: 33336904 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Fungal contamination of food and animal feed, especially by mycotoxigenic fungi, is not only a global food quality concern for food manufacturers, but it also poses serious health concerns because of the production of a variety of mycotoxins, some of which present considerable food safety challenges. In today's mega-scale food and feed productions, which involve a number of processing steps and the use of a variety of ingredients, fungal contamination is regarded as unavoidable, even good manufacturing practices are followed. Chemical preservatives, to some extent, are successful in retarding microbial growth and achieving considerably longer shelf-life. However, the increasing demand for clean label products requires manufacturers to find natural alternatives to replace chemically derived ingredients to guarantee the clean label. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), with the status generally recognized as safe (GRAS), are apprehended as an apt choice to be used as natural preservatives in food and animal feed to control fungal growth and subsequent mycotoxin production. LAB species produce a vast spectrum of antifungal metabolites to inhibit fungal growth; and also have the capacity to adsorb, degrade, or detoxify fungal mycotoxins including ochratoxins, aflatoxins, and Fusarium toxins. The potential of many LAB species to circumvent spoilage associated with fungi has been exploited in a variety of human food and animal feed stuff. This review provides the most recent updates on the ability of LAB to serve as antifungal and anti-mycotoxigenic agents. In addition, some recent trends of the use of LAB as biopreservative agents against fungal growth and mycotoxin production are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faizan Ahmed Sadiq
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Wuxi, 214122, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Bowen Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Wuxi, 214122, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Fengwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Wuxi, 214122, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Wuxi, 214122, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Wuxi, 214122, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan Univ., Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Wuxi, 214122, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Wuxi, 214122, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan Univ., Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Wuxi, 214122, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Wuxi, 214122, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan Univ., Wuxi, 214122, China
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9
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Nikbakht E, Jamaluddin R, Redzwan SM, Khalesi S. Oral administration of Lactobacillus casei Shirota can ameliorate the adverse effect of an acute aflatoxin exposure in Sprague Dawley rats. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2019; 88:199-208. [PMID: 31056010 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1(AFB1) is a toxic compound commonly found in some crops with an adverse health effect on human and animals. Some beneficial microorganisms (or probiotics) such as lactic acid bacteria have shown the ability to reduce the bioavailability of aflatoxins and its intestinal absorption. However, the dose and duration of aflatoxins exposure and probiotic treatment can influence the ability of probiotics to remove aflatoxins. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the efficacy of oral probiotic Lactobacillus casei Shirota strain (LcS) induction in an acute exposure to AFB1 in rats. Experimentally, Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups: AFB1 only (n = 9); AFB1 treated with LcS (n = 9); and control (no AFB1 exposure) (n = 6) groups. The blood AFB1 level of rats treated with LcS was slightly lower than the untreated AFB1 induced rats (11.12 ± 0.71 vs 10.93 ± 0.69 ng g-1). Also, LcS treatment slightly moderated the liver and kidney biomarkers in AFB1 induced rats. However, a trend for a significant difference was only observed in ALT of AFB1 induced rats treated with LcS compared to their counterparts (126.11 ± 36.90 vs 157.36 ± 15.46, p = 0.06). Rats' body weight decreased in all animals force-fed with AFB1 with no significant difference between LcS treatment compared to the counterpart. In conclusion, this experiment indicated that probiotic LsC was able to slightly ameliorate the adverse effect of an acute exposure to AFB1 in rats. However, future studies with longer probiotics treatment or higher probiotics dose is required to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Nikbakht
- 1 Menzies Health Institute Queensland, School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Rosita Jamaluddin
- 2 Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S Mohd Redzwan
- 2 Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Saman Khalesi
- 3 Physical Activity Research Group, Appleton Institute and School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Brisbane, Australia
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10
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Liew WPP, Mohd-Redzwan S, Than LTL. Gut Microbiota Profiling of Aflatoxin B1-Induced Rats Treated with Lactobacillus casei Shirota. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:E49. [PMID: 30658400 PMCID: PMC6357033 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a ubiquitous carcinogenic food contaminant. Gut microbiota is of vital importance for the host's health, regrettably, limited studies have reported the effects of xenobiotic toxins towards gut microbiota. Thus, the present study aims to investigate the interactions between AFB1 and the gut microbiota. Besides, an AFB1-binding microorganism, Lactobacillus casei Shirota (Lcs) was tested on its ability to ameliorate the changes on gut microbiota induced by AFB1. The fecal contents of three groups of rats included an untreated control group, an AFB1 group, as well as an Lcs + AFB1 group, were analyzed. Using the MiSeq platform, the PCR products of 16S rDNA gene extracted from the feces were subjected to next-generation sequencing. The alpha diversity index (Shannon) showed that the richness of communities increased significantly in the Lcs + AFB1 group compared to the control and AFB1 groups. Meanwhile, beta diversity indices demonstrated that AFB1 group significantly deviated from the control and Lcs + AFB1 groups. AFB1-exposed rats were especially high in Alloprevotella spp. abundance. Such alteration in the bacterial composition might give an insight on the interactions of AFB1 towards gut microbiota and how Lcs plays its role in detoxification of AFB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winnie-Pui-Pui Liew
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Sabran Mohd-Redzwan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Leslie Thian Lung Than
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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11
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Yousefi M, Shariatifar N, Tajabadi Ebrahimi M, Mortazavian AM, Mohammadi A, Khorshidian N, Arab M, Hosseini H. In vitroremoval of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by lactic acid bacteria. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 126:954-964. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.14163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Yousefi
- Food Science and Technology Department; National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; Faculty of Nutrition & Food Technology; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Food Safety Research Center (Salt); School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Semnan University of Medical Sciences; Semnan Iran
| | - N. Shariatifar
- Department of Food Safety and Hygiene; School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - M. Tajabadi Ebrahimi
- Department of Biology; Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University; Tehran Iran
| | - A. M. Mortazavian
- Food Science and Technology Department; National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; Faculty of Nutrition & Food Technology; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - A. Mohammadi
- Food Science and Technology Department; National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; Faculty of Nutrition & Food Technology; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - N. Khorshidian
- Food Safety Research Center (Salt); School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Semnan University of Medical Sciences; Semnan Iran
| | - M. Arab
- Food Science and Technology Department; National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; Faculty of Nutrition & Food Technology; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - H. Hosseini
- Food Science and Technology Department; National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; Faculty of Nutrition & Food Technology; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
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12
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George F, Daniel C, Thomas M, Singer E, Guilbaud A, Tessier FJ, Revol-Junelles AM, Borges F, Foligné B. Occurrence and Dynamism of Lactic Acid Bacteria in Distinct Ecological Niches: A Multifaceted Functional Health Perspective. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2899. [PMID: 30538693 PMCID: PMC6277688 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are representative members of multiple ecosystems on earth, displaying dynamic interactions within animal and plant kingdoms in respect with other microbes. This highly heterogeneous phylogenetic group has coevolved with plants, invertebrates, and vertebrates, establishing either mutualism, symbiosis, commensalism, or even parasitism-like behavior with their hosts. Depending on their location and environment conditions, LAB can be dominant or sometimes in minority within ecosystems. Whatever their origins and relative abundance in specific anatomic sites, LAB exhibit multifaceted ecological and functional properties. While some resident LAB permanently inhabit distinct animal mucosal cavities, others are provided by food and may transiently occupy the gastrointestinal tract. It is admitted that the overall gut microbiome has a deep impact on health and diseases. Here, we examined the presence and the physiological role of LAB in the healthy human and several animal microbiome. Moreover, we also highlighted some dysbiotic states and related consequences for health, considering both the resident and the so-called "transionts" microorganisms. Whether LAB-related health effects act collectively or follow a strain-specificity dogma is also addressed. Besides the highly suggested contribution of LAB to interplay with immune, metabolic, and even brain-axis regulation, the possible involvement of LAB in xenobiotic detoxification processes and metal equilibrium is also tackled. Recent technological developments such as functional metagenomics, metabolomics, high-content screening and design in vitro and in vivo experimental models now open new horizons for LAB as markers applied for disease diagnosis, susceptibility, and follow-up. Moreover, identification of general and more specific molecular mechanisms based on antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and detoxifying properties of LAB currently extends their selection and promising use, either as probiotics, in traditional and functional foods, for dedicated treatments and mostly for maintenance of normobiosis and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny George
- Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U995 – LIRIC – Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France
| | - Catherine Daniel
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 – UMR 8204 – CIIL – Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Muriel Thomas
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Elisabeth Singer
- Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U995 – LIRIC – Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France
| | - Axel Guilbaud
- Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U995 – LIRIC – Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France
| | - Frédéric J. Tessier
- Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U995 – LIRIC – Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France
| | - Anne-Marie Revol-Junelles
- Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Biomolécules, École Nationale Supérieure d’Agronomie et des Industries Alimentaires – Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Frédéric Borges
- Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Biomolécules, École Nationale Supérieure d’Agronomie et des Industries Alimentaires – Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Benoît Foligné
- Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U995 – LIRIC – Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France
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Liew WPP, Nurul-Adilah Z, Than LTL, Mohd-Redzwan S. The Binding Efficiency and Interaction of Lactobacillus casei Shirota Toward Aflatoxin B1. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1503. [PMID: 30042748 PMCID: PMC6048233 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of probiotic as dietary approach to prevent exposure to food contaminant, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) has greatly increased. Several studies found that AFB1 binding to the bacterial cell wall is strain-specific. Moreover, the interaction between AFB1 and bacterial cell wall is not well-understood, thus warrants further investigation. This research was conducted to assess the ability of Lactobacillus casei Shirota (Lcs) to bind AFB1 at different concentrations and to determine AFB1 binding efficiency of different Lcs cell components including live cell, heat-treated, and cell wall. In addition, the interaction between AFB1 and Lcs was also evaluated via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and through an animal study. The binding of AFB1 by all Lcs cell components depends on the concentration of available AFB1. Among all Lcs cell components, the live Lcs cells exhibited the highest binding efficiency (98%) toward AFB1. Besides, the SEM micrographs showed that AFB1 induced structural changes on the bacterial cell surface and morphology including rough and irregular surface along with a curve rod-shaped. In vivo experiment revealed that Lcs is capable to neutralize the toxicity of AFB1 on body weight and intestine through the binding process. The animal’s growth was stunted due to AFB1 exposure, however, such effect was significantly (p < 0.05) alleviated by Lcs. This phenomenon can be explained by a significant (p < 0.05) decreased level of blood serum AFB1 by Lcs (49.6 ± 8.05 ng/mL) compared to AFB1-exposed rats without treatment (88.12 ± 10.65 ng/mL). Taken together, this study highlights the potential use of Lcs as a preventive agent against aflatoxicosis via its strong binding capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winnie-Pui-Pui Liew
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Zainuddin Nurul-Adilah
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Leslie T L Than
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Sabran Mohd-Redzwan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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Effect of High Protein Diet and Probiotic Lactobacillus casei Shirota Supplementation in Aflatoxin B 1-Induced Rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:9568351. [PMID: 29951550 PMCID: PMC5989301 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9568351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Probiotic Lactobacillus casei Shirota (LcS) is a potential decontaminating agent of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). However, few studies have investigated the influence of diet, especially a high protein (HP) diet, on the binding of AFB1 by probiotics. This research was conducted to determine the effect of HP diet on the ability of LcS to bind AFB1 and reduce aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in AFB1-induced rats. Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: A (HP only), B (HP + 108 CFU LcS + 25 μg AFB1/kg BW), and C (HP + 25 μg AFB1/kg BW). Levels of AST and ALP were higher in all groups but other liver function's biomarkers were in the normal range, and the liver's histology showed no structural changes. The urea level of rats in group B (10.02 ± 0.73 mmol/l) was significantly lower (p < 0.05) than that of rats in group A (10.82 ± 0.26 mmol/l). The presence of carcinoma in the small intestine and colon was more obvious in group C than in group B. Moreover, rats in group B had significantly (p < 0.05) lower AFM1 concentration (0.39 ± 0.01 ng/ml) than rats in group C (5.22 ± 0.28 ng/ml). Through these findings, LcS supplementation with HP diet alleviated the adverse effects of AFB1 by preventing AFB1 absorption in the small intestine and reducing urinary AFM1.
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15
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Khalesi S, Bellissimo N, Vandelanotte C, Williams S, Stanley D, Irwin C. A review of probiotic supplementation in healthy adults: helpful or hype? Eur J Clin Nutr 2018; 73:24-37. [PMID: 29581563 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-018-0135-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Probiotic supplements have a positive impact on several health outcomes. However, the majority of published studies have focused on populations with specific health pathologies. Therefore, this study reviewed the current literature on the health effects of probiotic consumption in "healthy adults." The findings from this review may help guide consumers, researchers, and manufacturers regarding probiotic supplementation. Relevant literature published between 1990 and August 2017 was reviewed. Studies were included if they were experimental trials, included healthy adults, used live bacteria, and had accessible full-text articles published in English. Included studies were classified according to common foci that emerged. Forty-five studies were included in this review. Five foci emerged: gut microbiota changes (n = 15); immune system response (n = 16); lipid profile and cardiovascular disease risk (n = 14); gastrointestinal discomfort (n = 11); and female reproductive health (n = 4). Results suggest that probiotic supplementation in healthy adults can lead to transient improvement in gut microbiota concentration of supplement-specific bacteria. Evidence also supports the role of probiotics in improving immune system responses, stool consistency, bowel movement, and vaginal lactobacilli concentration. There is insufficient evidence to support the role of probiotics to improve blood lipid profile. Probiotic consumption can improve in the immune, gastrointestinal, and female reproductive health systems in healthy adults. However, this review failed to support the ability of probiotics to cause persistent changes in gut microbiota, or improve lipid profile in healthy adults. The feasibility of probiotics consumption to provide benefits in healthy adults requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Khalesi
- Physical Activity Research Group, Appleton Institute, School of Health Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD, Australia.
| | - Nick Bellissimo
- School of Nutrition, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Corneel Vandelanotte
- Physical Activity Research Group, Appleton Institute, School of Health Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD, Australia
| | - Susan Williams
- Physical Activity Research Group, Appleton Institute, School of Health Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD, Australia
| | - Dragana Stanley
- School of Health Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD, Australia
| | - Christopher Irwin
- Menzies Health Institute, School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
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16
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Detoxification of aflatoxin B 1 by lactic acid bacteria and hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate in broiler chickens. Livest Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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17
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Fan Y, Liu L, Zhao L, Wang X, Wang D, Huang C, Zhang J, Ji C, Ma Q. Influence of Bacillus subtilis ANSB060 on growth, digestive enzyme and aflatoxin residue in Yellow River carp fed diets contaminated with aflatoxin B 1. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 113:108-114. [PMID: 29374590 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) elicits serious threats to public health due to its widespread occurrence, as well as its teratogenic, carcinogenic and mutagenic effects. This study aimed to evaluate the toxicity of AFB1 and assess the ameliorative efficacy of Bacillus subtilis ANSB060 on aflatoxicosis in Yellow River carp. A total of 750 juvenile Yellow River carp were allocated into five dietary treatments for 60 days. Diet C0 represented for the negative control, diet M0 containing about 50 μg AFB1/kg diet represented for the positive control, and diet M0.25, M0.5 and M1.0 was diet M0 supplemented with B. subtilis ANSB060 at a dose of 0.25 × 109, 0.5 × 109 and 1.0 × 109 CFU/kg diet, respectively. The results showed that supplementation of strain ANSB060 restored the reduced body weight and enhanced feed conversion ratio of carp induced by AFB1 towards normal. ANSB060 could also relieve the alterations in hepatic morphology, improve digestive enzyme activities of hepatopancreas and intestine, as well as decrease AFB1 residues in carp's hepatopancreas and gonad. It is concluded that ANSB060 has a protective effect in carp with aflatoxicosis, with a promising potential in feed industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of Direct-Fed Microbial Engineering, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Laiting Liu
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Lihong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xinping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dacai Wang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Churan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianyun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Cheng Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qiugang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Hamad GM, Taha TH, Hafez EE, Ali SH, El Sohaimy SA. Supplementation of Cerelac baby food with yeast-probiotic cocktail strains induces high potential for aflatoxin detoxification both in vitro and in vivo in mother and baby albino rats. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:707-718. [PMID: 28671306 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aflatoxins (AFs) are a group of toxic, nephrotoxic, hepatotoxic and carcinogenic fungal metabolites. Heat- and acid-treated yeasts, probiotic bacteria and their combination were used to remove AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2 from human and animal food. RESULTS The in vitro study revealed that the highest removal percentage of AFs in phosphate-buffered saline was recorded after 72 h with the yeast-probiotic coctile, reaching 95.59%. Therefore, this coctile was added to Cerelac contaminated with AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2, and the removal percentages were 8.17%, 36.12%, 44.75%, 64.72% and 93.21% after 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h of treatment, respectively. Cerelac yeast-probiotic coctile was administered to female rats and the results showed that all AFs (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2) were detected in the serum of mother rats for both AF groups III and IV. On the other hand, AFM1 and AFM2 metabolites were not observed in mothers' sera but were detected in all infants of groups III and IV. Meanwhile, AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2 were not observed in infants' sera. CONCLUSION A mixture of yeast-probiotic coctile was successful in reducing the level of AF in rat sera and diminished the deleterious effect of AFs on animal health. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamal M Hamad
- Food Technology Department, Arid Land Cultivation Research Institute (ALCRI), City of Scientific Research and Technology Applications (SRTA- CITY), New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Tarek H Taha
- Environmental Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City of Scientific Research and Technology Applications (SRTA- CITY), New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Elsayed E Hafez
- Plant Protection and Biomolecular Diagnosis Department, Arid Land Cultivation Research Institute (ALCRI), City of Scientific Research and Technology Applications (SRTA- CITY), New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Safwat H Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agricultural Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sobhy A El Sohaimy
- Food Technology Department, Arid Land Cultivation Research Institute (ALCRI), City of Scientific Research and Technology Applications (SRTA- CITY), New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria, Egypt
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19
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Markowiak P, Śliżewska K. Effects of Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Synbiotics on Human Health. Nutrients 2017; 9:E1021. [PMID: 28914794 PMCID: PMC5622781 DOI: 10.3390/nu9091021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 943] [Impact Index Per Article: 134.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal tract is colonised by a complex ecosystem of microorganisms. Intestinal bacteria are not only commensal, but they also undergo a synbiotic co-evolution along with their host. Beneficial intestinal bacteria have numerous and important functions, e.g., they produce various nutrients for their host, prevent infections caused by intestinal pathogens, and modulate a normal immunological response. Therefore, modification of the intestinal microbiota in order to achieve, restore, and maintain favourable balance in the ecosystem, and the activity of microorganisms present in the gastrointestinal tract is necessary for the improved health condition of the host. The introduction of probiotics, prebiotics, or synbiotics into human diet is favourable for the intestinal microbiota. They may be consumed in the form of raw vegetables and fruit, fermented pickles, or dairy products. Another source may be pharmaceutical formulas and functional food. This paper provides a review of available information and summarises the current knowledge on the effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on human health. The mechanism of beneficial action of those substances is discussed, and verified study results proving their efficacy in human nutrition are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Markowiak
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Department of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Łódź, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Śliżewska
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Department of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Łódź, Poland.
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Olonisakin OO, Jeff-Agboola YA, Ogidi CO, Akinyele BJ. Isolation of Antifungal Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) from "Kunu" against Toxigenic Aspergillus flavus. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2017; 22:138-143. [PMID: 28702431 PMCID: PMC5503423 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2017.22.2.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The antifungal activity of isolated lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from a locally fermented cereal, “Kunu”, was tested against toxigenic Aspergillus flavus. The liquid refreshment, “Kunu”, was prepared under hygienic condition using millet, sorghum, and the combination of the two grains. The antifungal potential of isolated LAB against toxigenic A. flavus was carried out using both in vitro and in vivo antifungal assays. The LAB count from prepared “Kunu” ranged from 2.80 ×104 CFU/mL to 4.10×104 CFU/mL and Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactobacillus fermentum, Pediococcus acidilactici, and Leuconostoc mesenteroides were the isolated bacteria. Inhibitory zones exhibited by LAB against toxigenic A. flavus ranged from 5.0 mm to 20.0 mm. The albino mice infected with toxigenic A. flavus showed sluggishness, decrease in body weight, distortion of hair, and presence of blood in their stool, while those treated with LAB after infection were recovered and active like those in control groups. Except for the white blood cell that was increased in the infected mice as 6.73 mm3, the packed cell volume, hemoglobin, and red blood cell in infected animals were significantly reduced (P<0.05) to 29.28%, 10.06%, and 4.28%, respectively, when compared to the treated mice with LAB and control groups. The antifungal activity of LAB against toxigenic A. flavus can be attributed to the antimicrobial metabolites. These metabolites can be extracted and used as biopreservatives in food products to substitute the use of chemical preservatives that is not appealing to consumers due to several side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Clement Olusola Ogidi
- Department of Microbiology, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State 340001, Nigeria
| | - Bamidele Juliet Akinyele
- Department of Microbiology, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State 340001, Nigeria
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21
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Microbial diversity in forestomach and caecum contents of the greater long-tailed hamster Tscherskia triton (Rodentia: Cricetidae). Mamm Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2014.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Effect of supplementation of fermented milk drink containing probiotic Lactobacillus casei Shirota on the concentrations of aflatoxin biomarkers among employees of Universiti Putra Malaysia: a randomised, double-blind, cross-over, placebo-controlled study. Br J Nutr 2015; 115:39-54. [PMID: 26490018 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114515004109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Human exposure to aflatoxin is through the diet, and probiotics are able to bind aflatoxin and prevent its absorption in the small intestine. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a fermented milk drink containing Lactobacillus casei Shirota (LcS) (probiotic drink) to prevent aflatoxin absorption and reduce serum aflatoxin B1-lysine adduct (AFB1-lys) and urinary aflatoxin M1 concentrations. The present study was a randomised, double-blind, cross-over, placebo-controlled study with two 4-week intervention phases. In all, seventy-one subjects recruited from the screening stage were divided into two groups--the Yellow group and the Blue group. In the 1st phase, one group received probiotic drinks twice a day and the other group received placebo drinks. Blood and urine samples were collected at baseline, 2nd and 4th week of the intervention. After a 2-week wash-out period, the treatments were switched between the groups, and blood and urine samples were collected at the 6th, 8th and 10th week (2nd phase) of the intervention. No significant differences in aflatoxin biomarker concentrations were observed during the intervention. A within-group analysis was further carried out. Aflatoxin biomarker concentrations were not significantly different in the Yellow group. Nevertheless, ANOVA for repeated measurements indicated that AFB1-lys concentrations were significantly different (P=0·035) with the probiotic intervention in the Blue group. The 2nd week AFB1-lys concentrations (5·14 (SD 2·15) pg/mg albumin (ALB)) were significantly reduced (P=0·048) compared with the baseline (6·24 (SD 3·42) pg/mg ALB). Besides, the 4th week AFB1-lys concentrations were significantly lower (P<0·05) with probiotic supplementation than with the placebo. Based on these findings, a longer intervention study is warranted to investigate the effects of continuous LcS consumption to prevent dietary aflatoxin exposure.
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Sun LH, Zhang NY, Sun RR, Gao X, Gu C, Krumm CS, Qi DS. A novel strain of Cellulosimicrobium funkei can biologically detoxify aflatoxin B1 in ducklings. Microb Biotechnol 2015; 8:490-8. [PMID: 25616109 PMCID: PMC4408181 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Two experiments were conducted to screen microorganisms with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1 ) removal potential from soils and to evaluate their ability in reducing the toxic effects of AFB1 in ducklings. In experiment 1, we screened 11 isolates that showed the AFB1 biodegradation ability, and the one exhibited the highest AFB1 removal ability (97%) was characterized and identified as Cellulosimicrobium funkei (C. funkei). In experiment 2, 80 day-old Cherry Valley ducklings were divided into four groups with four replicates of five birds each and were used in a 2 by 2 factorial trial design, in which the main factors included administration of AFB1 versus solvent and C. funkei versus solvent for 2 weeks. The AFB1 treatment significantly decreased the body weight gain, feed intake and impaired feed conversion ratio. AFB1 also decreased serum albumin and total protein concentration, while it increased activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase and liver damage in the ducklings. Supplementation of C. funkei alleviated the adverse effects of AFB1 on growth performance, and provided protective effects on the serum biochemical indicators, and decreased hepatic injury in the ducklings. Conclusively, our results suggest that the novel isolated C. funkei strain could be used to mitigate the negative effects of aflatoxicosis in ducklings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lv-Hui Sun
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Ni-Ya Zhang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Ran-Ran Sun
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Changqin Gu
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | | | - De-Sheng Qi
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
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Mohd-Redzwan S, Jamaluddin R, Abd-Mutalib MS, Ahmad Z. A mini review on aflatoxin exposure in Malaysia: past, present and future. Front Microbiol 2013; 4:334. [PMID: 24312084 PMCID: PMC3826065 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2013.00334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This mini review article described the exposure of aflatoxin in Malaysia, including its presence in the foodstuffs and the detection of aflatoxin biomarkers in human biological samples. Historically, the exposure of aflatoxin in Malaysia can be dated in 1960s where an outbreak of disease in pig farms caused severe liver damage to the animals. Later, an aflatoxicosis case in Perak in 1988 was reported and caused death to 13 children, as up to 3 mg of aflatoxin was present in a single serving of contaminated noodles. Since then, extensive research on aflatoxin has been conducted in Malaysia. The food commodities such as peanuts, cereals, spices, and their products are the main commodities commonly found to be contaminated with aflatoxin. Surprisingly, some of the contaminated foods had levels greater than the permissible limit adopted by the Malaysian Food Regulation 1985. Besides, exposure assessment through the measurement of aflatoxin biomarkers in human biological samples is still in its infancy stage. Nevertheless, some studies had reported the presence of these biomarkers. In fact, it is postulated that Malaysians are moderately exposed to aflatoxin compared to those high risk populations, where aflatoxin contamination in the diets is prevalent. Since the ingestion of aflatoxin could be the integral to the development of liver cancer, the incidence of cancer attributable by dietary aflatoxin exposure in Malaysia has also been reported and published in the literatures. Regardless of these findings, the more important task is to monitor and control humans from being exposed to aflatoxin. The enforcement of law is insufficient to minimize human exposure to aflatoxin. Preventive strategies include agricultural, dietary, and clinical measures should be implemented. With the current research on aflatoxin in Malaysia, a global networking for research collaboration is needed to expand the knowledge and disseminate the information to the global scientific community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabran Mohd-Redzwan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang, Malaysia
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Chong ESL. A potential role of probiotics in colorectal cancer prevention: review of possible mechanisms of action. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 30:351-74. [PMID: 24068536 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-013-1499-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A number of investigations, mainly using in vitro and animal models, have demonstrated a wide range of possible mechanisms, by which probiotics may play a role in colorectal cancer (CRC) prevention. In this context, the most well studied probiotics are certain strains from the genera of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria. The reported anti-CRC mechanisms of probiotics encompass intraluminal, systemic, and direct effects on intestinal mucosa. Intraluminal effects detailed in this review include competitive exclusion of pathogenic intestinal flora, alteration of intestinal microflora enzyme activity, reduction of carcinogenic secondary bile acids, binding of carcinogens and mutagens, and increasing short chain fatty acids production. Reduction of DNA damage and suppression of aberrant crypt foci formation have been well demonstrated as direct anti-CRC effects of probiotics on intestinal mucosa. Existing evidence clearly support a multifaceted immunomodulatory role of probiotics in CRC, particularly its ability to modulate intestinal inflammation, a well known risk factor for CRC. The effectiveness of probiotics in CRC prevention is dependent on the strain of the microorganism, while viability may not be a prerequisite for certain probiotic anticancer mechanisms, as indicated by several studies. Emerging data suggest synbiotic as a more effective approach than either prebiotics or probiotics alone. More in vivo especially human studies are warranted to further elucidate and confirm the potential role of probiotics (viable and non-viable), prebiotics and synbiotics in CRC chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Swee Lan Chong
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Human Health, Massey University, PO Box 11222, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand,
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