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Tadeu AD, Duarte J, Trindade D, Costa P, Venâncio C, Lopes I, Oliveira V, Gomes NCM, Almeida A, Pereira C. Bacteriophages to control Vibrio alginolyticus in live feeds prior to their administration in larviculture. J Appl Microbiol 2024; 135:lxae115. [PMID: 38710582 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxae115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of two phages [VB_VaC_TDDLMA (phage TDD) and VB_VaC_SRILMA (phage SRI)] alone and in a cocktail to control Vibrio alginolyticus in brine shrimp before their administration in larviculture. METHODS AND RESULTS Phages were isolated from seawater samples and characterized by host spectrum, growth parameters, adsorption rate, genomic analysis, and inactivation efficiency. Both phages belong to the Caudoviricetes class and lack known virulence or antibiotic-resistance genes. They exhibit specificity, infecting only their host, V. alginolyticus CECT 521. Preliminary experiments in a culture medium showed that phage TDD (reduction of 5.8 log CFU ml-1 after 10 h) outperformed phage SRI (reduction of 4.6 log CFU ml-1 after 6 h) and the cocktail TDD/SRI (reduction of 5.2 log CFU ml-1 after 8 h). In artificial marine water experiments with Artemia franciscana, both single phage suspensions and the phage cocktail, effectively inactivated V. alginolyticus in culture water (reduction of 4.3, 2.1, and 1.9 log CFU ml-1 for phages TDD, SRI, and the phage cocktail, respectively, after 12 h) and in A. franciscana (reduction of 51.6%, 87.3%, and 85.3% for phages TDD, SRI, and the phage cocktail, respectively, after 24 h). The two phages and the phage cocktail did not affect A. franciscana natural microbiota or other Vibrio species in the brine shrimp. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that phages can safely and effectively control V. alginolyticus in A. franciscana prior to its administration in larviculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Dias Tadeu
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João Duarte
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - David Trindade
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Pedro Costa
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Cátia Venâncio
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Isabel Lopes
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Vanessa Oliveira
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Newton C M Gomes
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Adelaide Almeida
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carla Pereira
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Moreno-Figueroa LD, Quiroz-Guzmán E, Tovar-Ramírez D, Palestino G, Cisneros-Covarrubias CA, Hernández-Adame L. Use of Trehalose as an Additive to Bacteriophage Vb_Pd_PDCC-1: Long-Term Preservation Analysis and Its Biocontrol Against Vibrio diabolicus Infection. Curr Microbiol 2023; 80:372. [PMID: 37843653 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03487-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Phage therapy is a promising alternative to control bacterial diseases and the increasing problem of antibiotic resistance. In this sense, this research evaluates the viability of lyophilized vibrio phage vB_Pd_PDCC-1 using trehalose as a preservative excipient at different concentrations (4, 2, 1, and 0.5% w/v) and its potential for phage therapy application against a pathogenic bacteria Vibrio diabolicus in brine shrimp nauplii (Artemia franciscana). The lyophilized phages were stored at 4 and 23 °C and rehydrated using biological sterile saline solution to test their viability at days 1, 15, and 60 post-lyophilization. The results showed that trehalose is beneficial in maintaining the viability of post-lyophilization phages (without titer losses) at 4 °C and even at room temperature (23 °C). When lyophilized phages with 4% w/v trehalose concentration were stored at 23 °C, they had not titer losses among the trials; viability and titer concentration were maintained up to 60 days at log 7. The use of lyophilized phage PDCC-1 increased brine shrimp survival and reduced Vibrio concentrations. The present study has identified trehalose as a promising lyophilization excipient to effectively preserve lyophilized bacteriophages for biotechnological applications and long-term storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Daniel Moreno-Figueroa
- Nanotechnology and Microbial Biocontrol Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, 23096, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Quiroz-Guzmán
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste S.C. (CIBNOR), Av. IPN 195, Col Playa Palo de Sta. Rita Sur, C.P. 23096, La Paz, B.C.S, Mexico
| | - Dariel Tovar-Ramírez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste S.C. (CIBNOR), Av. IPN 195, Col Playa Palo de Sta. Rita Sur, C.P. 23096, La Paz, B.C.S, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Palestino
- Laboratorio de Biopolímeros y Nanoestructuras, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, C.P. 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Cándida A Cisneros-Covarrubias
- Laboratorio de Biopolímeros y Nanoestructuras, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, C.P. 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Luis Hernández-Adame
- Nanotechnology and Microbial Biocontrol Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, 23096, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico.
- Cátedras CONACYT-Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, 23096, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico.
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Fu J, Li Y, Zhao L, Wu C, He Z. Characterization of vB_ValM_PVA8, a broad-host-range bacteriophage infecting Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1105924. [PMID: 37250064 PMCID: PMC10213691 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1105924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Phage therapy was taken as an alternative strategy to antibiotics in shrimp farming for the control of Vibrio species of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio alginolyticus, which cause substantial mortality and significant economic losses. In this study, a new Vibrio phage vB_ValM_PVA8 (PVA8), which could efficiently infect pathogenic isolates of V. alginolyticus and V. parahaemolyticus, was isolated from sewage water and characterized by microbiological and in silico genomic analyses. The phage was characterized to be a member of the Straboviridae family with elongated head and contractile tail by transmission electron microscopy. Genome sequencing showed that PVA8 had a 246,348-bp double-stranded DNA genome with a G + C content of 42.6%. It harbored totally 388 putative open reading frames (ORFs), among them 92 (23.71%) assigned to functional genes. Up to 27 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes were found in the genome, and the genes for virulence, antibiotic resistance, and lysogeny were not detected. NCBI genomic blasting results and the phylogenetic analysis based on the sequences of the large terminase subunits and the DNA polymerase indicated that PVA8 shared considerable similarity with Vibrio phage V09 and bacteriophage KVP40. The phage had a latent period of 20 min and a burst size of 309 PFUs/infected cell with the host V. alginolyticus, and it was stable over a broad pH range (4.0-11.0) and a wide temperature span (-80°C to 60°C), respectively, which may benefit its feasibility for phage therapy. In addition, it had the minimum multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.0000001, which revealed its strong multiplication capacity. The shrimp cultivation lab trials demonstrated that PVA8 could be applied in treating pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus infection disease of shrimp with a survival rate of 88.89% comparing to that of 34.43% in the infected group, and the pond application trails confirmed that the implementation of PVA8 could rapidly yet effectively reduce the level of the Vibrio. Taken together, PVA8 may be potential to be explored as a promising biological agent for Vibrio control in aquaculture farming industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Fu
- College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Bioantai Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Lihong Zhao
- College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Chunguang Wu
- College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Bioantai Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
| | - Zengguo He
- College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Bioantai Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
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Molina-Quiroz RC, Silva-Valenzuela CA. Interactions of Vibrio phages and their hosts in aquatic environments. Curr Opin Microbiol 2023; 74:102308. [PMID: 37062175 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2023.102308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that specifically infect bacteria. These viruses were discovered a century ago and have been used as a model system in microbial genetics and molecular biology. In order to survive, bacteria have to quickly adapt to phage challenges in their natural settings. In turn, phages continuously develop/evolve mechanisms for battling host defenses. A deeper understanding of the arms race between bacteria and phages is essential for the rational design of phage-based prophylaxis and therapies to prevent and treat bacterial infections. Vibrio species and their phages (vibriophages) are a suitable model to study these interactions. Phages are highly ubiquitous in aquatic environments and Vibrio are waterborne bacteria that must survive the constant attack by phages for successful transmission to their hosts. Here, we review relevant literature from the past two years to delve into the molecular interactions of Vibrio species and their phages in aquatic niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto C Molina-Quiroz
- Stuart B. Levy Center for Integrated Management of Antimicrobial Resistance (Levy CIMAR), Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
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Srisangthong I, Sangseedum C, Chaichanit N, Surachat K, Suanyuk N, Mittraparp-arthorn P. Characterization and Genome Analysis of Vibrio campbellii Lytic Bacteriophage OPA17. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0162322. [PMID: 36719217 PMCID: PMC10101143 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01623-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Vibrio campbellii is a marine bacterium that is associated with luminous vibriosis, especially in the hatchery and nursery stages of penaeid shrimp cultivation worldwide, which has led to low survival rates of shrimp during aquaculture. Phage therapy has been reported as an alternative biocontrol agent which can reduce or replace the use of antibiotics and other chemicals. This study characterized a lytic V. campbellii bacteriophage, OPA17, originally isolated from bloody clams and investigated its biocontrol efficacy against V. campbellii infection in a model system, Artemia franciscana. Phage OPA17 lysed 83.89% of V. campbellii strains tested (n = 118) with clear plaque morphology. Some strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus were also infected by phage OPA17. Transmission electron microscopy and genetic features indicated that OPA17 belongs to the Siphoviridae family. The latent period and burst size of OPA17 were approximately 50 min and 123 PFU/cell, respectively. Moreover, it survived in artificial seawater throughout the 2-month study period and effectively destroyed Vibrio campbellii biofilms after 4 h of incubation. The addition of OPA17 significantly increased the survival of A. franciscana nauplii infected with V. campbellii. The genome sequence of OPA17 showed that it does not carry genes unsuitable for phage therapy. The phylogenetic tree analysis showed that OPA17 was closely related to the V. vulnificus lytic phage SSP002 (98.90% similarity), which was previously reported as a potential biocontrol agent. Accordingly, the results of this study provide valuable information regarding the potential biocontrol application of phage OPA17 against V. campbellii. IMPORTANCE V. campbellii is an emerging luminous pathogen associated with vibriosis, especially in marine shrimp hatcheries. Several strategies, including pond management and use of natural antimicrobials and probiotics, have been studied for control of this organism. Phage therapy is considered one of the effective biocontrol strategies against bacterial infections in aquaculture. However, there has been limited study of V. campbellii bacteriophages. In this study, V. campbellii-specific bacteriophage OPA17 was isolated, characterized, and investigated for its biocontrol efficacy against V. campbellii infection in an Artemia nauplii model. Phage OPA17 belongs to the Siphoviridae family and shares significant genome similarity to phage SSP002, a potential biocontrol agent against V. vulnificus infection in a murine model. However, the host range of OPA17 was broader than that of SSP002. Overall, we discuss the potential of OPA17 for phage therapy application in shrimp hatcheries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Intraporn Srisangthong
- Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Chadtida Sangseedum
- Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Netnapa Chaichanit
- Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
- Molecular Evolution and Computational Biology Research Unit, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Komwit Surachat
- Molecular Evolution and Computational Biology Research Unit, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
- Division of Computational Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Naraid Suanyuk
- Aquatic Science and Innovative Management Division, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Pimonsri Mittraparp-arthorn
- Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
- Molecular Evolution and Computational Biology Research Unit, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
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6
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Molina-Quiroz RC, Camilli A, Silva-Valenzuela CA. Role of Bacteriophages in the Evolution of Pathogenic Vibrios and Lessons for Phage Therapy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1404:149-173. [PMID: 36792875 PMCID: PMC10587905 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-22997-8_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Viruses of bacteria, i.e., bacteriophages (or phages for short), were discovered over a century ago and have played a major role as a model system for the establishment of the fields of microbial genetics and molecular biology. Despite the relative simplicity of phages, microbiologists are continually discovering new aspects of their biology including mechanisms for battling host defenses. In turn, novel mechanisms of host defense against phages are being discovered at a rapid clip. A deeper understanding of the arms race between bacteria and phages will continue to reveal novel molecular mechanisms and will be important for the rational design of phage-based prophylaxis and therapies to prevent and treat bacterial infections, respectively. Here we delve into the molecular interactions of Vibrio species and phages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto C Molina-Quiroz
- Stuart B. Levy Center for Integrated Management of Antimicrobial Resistance (Levy CIMAR), Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew Camilli
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Fu J, Li Y, Zhao L, Wu C, He Z. Characterization and Genomic Analysis of a Bacteriophage with Potential in Lysing Vibrio alginolyticus. Viruses 2022; 15:135. [PMID: 36680175 PMCID: PMC9867112 DOI: 10.3390/v15010135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Vibrio alginolyticus is one of the major pathogens causing vibriosis to a variety of aquatic animals as well as bringing about severe food safety concerns. Nowadays, phage therapy has received increasing attention as an alternative to the antibiotics that have being limited for use in aquaculture industries. In this work, a potent bacteriophage, vB_ValM_PVA23 (PVA23), which efficiently infects pathogenic strains of V. alginolyticus, was isolated from sewage water and characterized by microbiological and genomic analyses. Based on the transmission electronic observation, the phage was characterized to be the Myoviridae family. It has a latent period of 10 min and a burst size of 203 PFUs/infected bacterium, and was stable over a broad pH range (5.0−11.0) and a wide temperature span (−80 °C to 60 °C), respectively. Genome sequencing results show that PVA23 has a 246,962-bp double-stranded DNA with a G + C content of 41.25%. The lab and plant shrimp farming trials demonstrated that phage preparation derived from PVA23 out-performed the chemical disinfectant iodine treatment in the prevention of V. alginolyticus propagation, and the phage application could rapidly yet significantly reduce the level of V. alginolyticus in the pond within 12 h, with negligible rebound observed. These results suggests that phage PVA23 has the potential to be used as an anti-V. alginolyticus agent in aquaculture industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Fu
- College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory of Microbial Engineering, Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao 266071, China
- Bioantai Biotechnology Co., Ltd. of Qingdao, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Lihong Zhao
- College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Chunguang Wu
- College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Bioantai Biotechnology Co., Ltd. of Qingdao, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Zengguo He
- College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory of Microbial Engineering, Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao 266071, China
- Bioantai Biotechnology Co., Ltd. of Qingdao, Qingdao 266000, China
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Lomelí-Ortega CO, Barajas-Sandoval DR, Martínez-Villalobos JM, Jaramillo CR, Chávez EM, Gómez-Gil B, Balcázar JL, Quiroz-Guzmán E. A Broad-Host-Range Phage Cocktail Selectively and Effectively Eliminates Vibrio Species from Shrimp Aquaculture Environment. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2022:10.1007/s00248-022-02118-1. [PMID: 36194291 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-022-02118-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The protective effects of a phage cocktail composed of vB_Vc_SrVc2 and vB_Vc_SrVc9 were tested in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) postlarvae, which were originally isolated from diseased shrimps and selected due to their broad-host-range properties against several pathogenic Vibsrio species. We used culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches to explore its effect on bacterial communities associated with shrimp postlarvae. Both methods revealed that the levels of Vibrio species were significantly reduced after phage cocktail administration. Phage-treated shrimp also exhibisuppted lesser damage and higher lipid accumulation in B cells of the hepatopancreas, as revealed by histopathological examination. Taken together, this study provides clear evidence that phage therapy can selectively and effectively reduce Vibrio species, thereby providing an environmentally safe alternative to the prophylactic use of antibiotics in shrimp aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Omar Lomelí-Ortega
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C., Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Col. Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, 23096, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
| | - Diana R Barajas-Sandoval
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C., Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Col. Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, 23096, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
| | | | - Carmen Rodriguez Jaramillo
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C., Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Col. Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, 23096, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
| | - Eulalia Meza Chávez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C., Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Col. Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, 23096, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
| | - Bruno Gómez-Gil
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación Y Desarrollo AC, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - José L Balcázar
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), 17003, Girona, Spain
- University of Girona, 17004, Girona, Spain
| | - Eduardo Quiroz-Guzmán
- CONACYT-CIBNOR, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Col. Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, Baja California Sur, 23096, La Paz, Mexico.
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In Vivo Bacteriophages’ Application for the Prevention and Therapy of Aquaculture Animals–Chosen Aspects. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12101233. [PMID: 35625078 PMCID: PMC9137707 DOI: 10.3390/ani12101233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To meet the nutritional requirements of our growing population, animal production must double by 2050, and due to the exhaustion of environmental capacity, any growth will have to come from aquaculture. Aquaculture is currently undergoing a dynamic development, but the intensification of production increases the risk of bacterial diseases. In recent years, there has been a drastic development in the resistance of pathogenic bacteria to antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents approved for use, which has also taken place in aquaculture. Consequently, animal mortality and economic losses in livestock have increased. The use of drugs in closed systems is an additional challenge as it can damage biological filters. For this reason, there has been a growing interest in natural methods of combating pathogens. One of the methods is the use of bacteriophages both for prophylactic purposes and therapy. This work summarizes the diverse results of the in vivo application of bacteriophages for the prevention and control of bacterial pathogens in aquatic animals to provide a reference for further research on bacteriophages in aquaculture and to compare major achievements in the field.
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González-Gómez JP, López-Cuevas O, Castro-del Campo N, González-López I, Martínez-Rodríguez CI, Gomez-Gil B, Chaidez C. Genomic and biological characterization of the novel phages vB_VpaP_AL-1 and vB_VpaS_AL-2 infecting Vibrio parahaemolyticus associated with acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND). Virus Res 2022; 312:198719. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2022.198719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Characterization of the Novel Phage vB_VpaP_FE11 and Its Potential Role in Controlling Vibrio parahaemolyticus Biofilms. Viruses 2022; 14:v14020264. [PMID: 35215857 PMCID: PMC8879856 DOI: 10.3390/v14020264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus causes aquatic vibriosis. Its biofilm protects it from antibiotics; therefore, a new different method is needed to control V. parahaemolyticus for food safety. Phage therapy represents an alternative strategy to control biofilms. In this study, the lytic Vibrio phage vB_VpaP_FE11 (FE11) was isolated from the sewers of Guangzhou Huangsha Aquatic Market. Electron microscopy analysis revealed that FE11 has a typical podovirus morphology. Its optimal stability temperature and pH range were found to be 20–50 °C and 5–10 °C, respectively. It was completely inactivated following ultraviolet irradiation for 20 min. Its latent period is 10 min and burst size is 37 plaque forming units/cell. Its double-stranded DNA genome is 43,397 bp long, with a G + C content of 49.24% and 50 predicted protein-coding genes. As a lytic phage, FE11 not only prevented the formation of biofilms but also could destroy the formed biofilms effectively. Overall, phage vB_VpaP_FE11 is a potential biological control agent against V. parahaemolyticus and the biofilm it produces.
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12
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Ramos-Vivas J, Superio J, Galindo-Villegas J, Acosta F. Phage Therapy as a Focused Management Strategy in Aquaculture. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10436. [PMID: 34638776 PMCID: PMC8508683 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic bacteriophages, commonly called as phages, are a promising potential alternative to antibiotics in the management of bacterial infections of a wide range of organisms including cultured fish. Their natural immunogenicity often induces the modulation of a variated collection of immune responses within several types of immunocytes while promoting specific mechanisms of bacterial clearance. However, to achieve standardized treatments at the practical level and avoid possible side effects in cultivated fish, several improvements in the understanding of their biology and the associated genomes are required. Interestingly, a particular feature with therapeutic potential among all phages is the production of lytic enzymes. The use of such enzymes against human and livestock pathogens has already provided in vitro and in vivo promissory results. So far, the best-understood phages utilized to fight against either Gram-negative or Gram-positive bacterial species in fish culture are mainly restricted to the Myoviridae and Podoviridae, and the Siphoviridae, respectively. However, the current functional use of phages against bacterial pathogens of cultured fish is still in its infancy. Based on the available data, in this review, we summarize the current knowledge about phage, identify gaps, and provide insights into the possible bacterial control strategies they might represent for managing aquaculture-related bacterial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ramos-Vivas
- Grupo de Investigación en Acuicultura, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35214 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (J.R.-V.); (F.A.)
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, 39011 Santander, Spain
- Department of Project Management, Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana, Campeche 24560, Mexico
| | - Joshua Superio
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, 8049 Bodø, Norway;
| | | | - Félix Acosta
- Grupo de Investigación en Acuicultura, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35214 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (J.R.-V.); (F.A.)
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Assessment of bacteriophage vB_Pd_PDCC-1 on bacterial dynamics during ontogenetic development of the longfin yellowtail (Seriola rivoliana). Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:2877-2887. [PMID: 33710359 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11223-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Seriola genus includes species of worldwide commercial importance due to its rapid growth and easy adaptability to confinement conditions. However, like other fish species, large mortalities occur during their early life stages, where the main problems are caused by opportunistic bacteria. Disease control strategies are thus urgently needed. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of phage vB_Pd_PDCC-1 during the early development of longfin yellowtail (Seriola rivoliana), as well as its effect on microbial communities. This broad-host-range phage was added to the culture every 3 days starting from the egg-stage until 12 days after hatching (DAH) at a concentration of 1.41×1010 plaque-forming units (PFU) per mL and at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 1. The results showed positive effects (p<0.05) on egg hatching, survival, growth, and pigmentation area in treated larvae. Moreover, high-throughput sequencing analysis of 16S rRNA genes showed that phage administration did not produce significant changes (p>0.05) in the composition and structure of the associated microbiota. However, sequences affiliated to the Gammaproteobacteria class were displaced by those belonging to the Alphaproteobacteria class over time regardless of the treatment received. At the family level, there was a decrease in Rhodobacteraceae, Pseudoalteromonadaceae, and Flavobacteriaceae in both groups over time. To our best knowledge, this study represents the first attempt to evaluate the effect of a phage as a biological control agent during ontogenetic development of longfin yellowtail larvae. KEY POINTS: • Phages can be used against proliferation of Vibrio in fish cultures. • Seriola includes several important commercial fish species due to its rapid growth. • Phages do not cause significant changes in the associated microbiota.
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