1
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Zvizdic Z, Hukic L, Ljubovic AD, Milisic E, Jonuzi A, Vranic S. Epidemiology and early bacterial colonization of minor and moderate pediatric burns: A retrospective study from a developing country. Burns 2024; 50:623-629. [PMID: 37981486 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2023.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Infection is still the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among burn patients worldwide. Isolation and identification of pediatric burn wound bacterial colonizers can prevent infection and improve burn trauma treatment. In this study, we explored early microbial colonizers within the burn wounds and the susceptibility of those isolates to antibiotics among hospitalized pediatric patients with minor and moderate burns, clinically significant infections and outcomes. METHODS A retrospective analysis of pediatric patients admitted to the inpatient pediatric surgical ward and treated for minor and moderate burns from 2009 to 2018 was performed. RESULTS One hundred six patients met the inclusion criteria. The mean age was 3.6 ± three years (0.2-14.1 years). The most common type of burn was scald burns (82.1%). The mean TBSA of the hospitalized pediatric burn cases was 8.5% (IQR, 6-12%). Seventy-nine (74.5%) patients had positive wound cultures at admission, regardless of the hospital admission day. Fifty-eight (73.4%) had one bacterial growth (mono isolate), while 21 (26.6%) had mixed growth or poly isolates. Among patients with mixed growth or poly isolate, 16 had two bacteria, three had three bacteria, and one had four bacteria isolated, totaling 105 isolated microorganisms (14 different species, 70.5% Gram-positive bacteria and 29.5% Gram-negative bacteria). Twelve patients (11%) developed clinically significant infections (eleven got burn wound infection, and one had septicemia). All patients received prophylactic systemic antibiotics. Only 35.2% of the isolated bacteria from the wounds were sensitive to the prophylactic antibiotics, and only ∼17% in case of clinically significant infections. We found a statistically significant difference in the length of hospital stay between patients with initially colonized samples of burn wounds compared with patients with initial negative samples (p = 0.008). All patients in the cohort survived hospital discharge. CONCLUSION Despite common bacterial colonization of acute burn wounds, only ∼10% of the patients developed clinically significant infections, a minority of which were sensitive to prophylactic antibiotics. Our findings indicate the need to refine the antibiotic approach in pediatric patients with minor/moderate burns in our local setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zlatan Zvizdic
- Clinic of Pediatric Surgery, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Lamija Hukic
- Public Institution Health Center of the Canton Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Amela Dedeic Ljubovic
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Emir Milisic
- Clinic of Pediatric Surgery, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Asmir Jonuzi
- Clinic of Pediatric Surgery, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Semir Vranic
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
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2
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Fisher CR, Masters TL, Johnson S, Greenwood-Quaintance KE, Chia N, Abdel MP, Patel R. Comparative transcriptomic analysis of Staphylococcus epidermidis associated with periprosthetic joint infection under in vivo and in vitro conditions. Int J Med Microbiol 2024; 315:151620. [PMID: 38579524 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2024.151620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus epidermidis is part of the commensal microbiota of the skin and mucous membranes, though it can also act as a pathogen in certain scenarios, causing a range of infections, including periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). Transcriptomic profiling may provide insights into mechanisms by which S. epidermidis adapts while in a pathogenic compared to a commensal state. Here, a total RNA-sequencing approach was used to profile and compare the transcriptomes of 19 paired PJI-associated S. epidermidis samples from an in vivo clinical source and grown in in vitro laboratory culture. Genomic comparison of PJI-associated and publicly available commensal-state isolates were also compared. Of the 1919 total transcripts found, 145 were from differentially expressed genes (DEGs) when comparing in vivo or in vitro samples. Forty-two transcripts were upregulated and 103 downregulated in in vivo samples. Of note, metal sequestration-associated genes, specifically those related to staphylopine activity (cntA, cntK, cntL, and cntM), were upregulated in a subset of clinical in vivo compared to laboratory grown in vitro samples. About 70% of the total transcripts and almost 50% of the DEGs identified have not yet been annotated. There were no significant genomic differences between known commensal and PJI-associated S. epidermidis isolates, suggesting that differential genomics may not play a role in S. epidermidis pathogenicity. In conclusion, this study provides insights into phenotypic alterations employed by S epidermidis to adapt to infective and non-infected microenvironments, potentially informing future therapeutic targets for related infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody R Fisher
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Thao L Masters
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Stephen Johnson
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kerryl E Greenwood-Quaintance
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Nicholas Chia
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Matthew P Abdel
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Robin Patel
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases, and Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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3
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Han JH, Kim HS. Skin Deep: The Potential of Microbiome Cosmetics. J Microbiol 2024; 62:181-199. [PMID: 38625646 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-024-00128-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The interplay between the skin microbiome and its host is a complex facet of dermatological health and has become a critical focus in the development of microbiome cosmetics. The skin microbiome, comprising various microorganisms, is essential from birth, develops over the lifespan, and performs vital roles in protecting our body against pathogens, training the immune system, and facilitating the breakdown of organic matter. Dysbiosis, an imbalance of these microorganisms, has been implicated in a number of skin conditions such as acne, atopic dermatitis, and skin cancer. Recent scientific findings have spurred cosmetic companies to develop products that preserve and enhance the skin's microbial diversity balance. These products may incorporate elements like prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics, which are beneficial for the skin microbiome. Beyond topical products, there's increasing interest in ingestible beauty supplements (i.e. oral probiotics), highlighting the connection between the gut and skin. This review examines the influence of the microbiome on skin health and the emerging trends of microbiome skincare products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Hee Han
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Hei Sung Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Khan I, Minto RE, Kelley-Patteson C, Singh K, Timsina L, Suh LJ, Rinne E, Van Natta BW, Neumann CR, Mohan G, Lester M, VonDerHaar RJ, German R, Marino N, Hassanein AH, Gordillo GM, Kaplan MH, Sen CK, Kadin ME, Sinha M. Biofilm-derived oxylipin 10-HOME-mediated immune response in women with breast implants. J Clin Invest 2023; 134:e165644. [PMID: 38032740 PMCID: PMC10849761 DOI: 10.1172/jci165644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates a mechanistic link of bacterial biofilm-mediated host-pathogen interaction leading to immunological complications associated with breast implant illness (BII). Over 10 million women worldwide have breast implants. In recent years, women have described a constellation of immunological symptoms believed to be related to their breast implants. We report that periprosthetic breast tissue of participants with symptoms associated with BII had increased abundance of biofilm and biofilm-derived oxylipin 10-HOME compared with participants with implants who are without symptoms (non-BII) and participants without implants. S. epidermidis biofilm was observed to be higher in the BII group compared with the non-BII group and the normal tissue group. Oxylipin 10-HOME was found to be immunogenically capable of polarizing naive CD4+ T cells with a resulting Th1 subtype in vitro and in vivo. Consistently, an abundance of CD4+Th1 subtype was observed in the periprosthetic breast tissue and blood of people in the BII group. Mice injected with 10-HOME also had increased Th1 subtype in their blood, akin to patients with BII, and demonstrated fatigue-like symptoms. The identification of an oxylipin-mediated mechanism of immune activation induced by local bacterial biofilm provides insight into the possible pathogenesis of the implant-associated immune symptoms of BII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Khan
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Robert E. Minto
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | | | - Kanhaiya Singh
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lava Timsina
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Lily J. Suh
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Ethan Rinne
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | | | - Colby R. Neumann
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Ganesh Mohan
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Mary Lester
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - R. Jason VonDerHaar
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Rana German
- Susan G. Komen Tissue Bank at the IU Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Natascia Marino
- Susan G. Komen Tissue Bank at the IU Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, and
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Aladdin H. Hassanein
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Gayle M. Gordillo
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mark H. Kaplan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Chandan K. Sen
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Marshall E. Kadin
- Department of Dermatology, Roger Williams Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Mithun Sinha
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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5
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Canchy L, Kerob D, Demessant A, Amici JM. Wound healing and microbiome, an unexpected relationship. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023; 37 Suppl 3:7-15. [PMID: 36635613 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Skin wounds are common and represent a major public health and economical problem, with risks of complications and a significant negative impact on the quality of life of patients. Cutaneous wound healing is a tightly regulated process resulting in the restoration of tissue integrity. Wound healing involves the interaction of several skin, immune and vascular cells, growth factors and cytokines. However, external actors can play an important role in wound healing, such as the skin microbiome, which is the microbial commensal collection of bacteria, fungi and viruses inhabiting the skin. Indeed, recent advances have featured the interactions, within the wound environment, between different microbial species and between microbial species and the host immune system. This article reviews the relationship between the skin microbiome and the wound healing process. Although cutaneous wounds are a potential entry site for infection, the wound microbiome can have either a detrimental or a beneficial role on wound healing. Thus, targeting the skin microbiome could represent an essential part of wound healing management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludivine Canchy
- Laboratoire Dermatologique La Roche-Posay, Levallois-Perret, France
| | - Delphine Kerob
- Laboratoire Dermatologique La Roche-Posay, Levallois-Perret, France
| | | | - Jean-Michel Amici
- Dermatology Department, CHU Bordeaux, Hôpital Saint-André, Bordeaux, France
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Tang Q, Xue N, Ding X, Tsai KH, Hew JJ, Jiang R, Huang R, Cheng X, Ding X, Yee Cheng Y, Chen J, Wang Y. Role of wound microbiome, strategies of microbiota delivery system and clinical management. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 192:114671. [PMID: 36538989 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Delayed wound healing is one of the most global public health threats affecting nearly 100 million people each year, particularly the chronic wounds. Many confounding factors such as aging, diabetic disease, medication, peripheral neuropathy, immunocompromises or arterial and venous insufficiency hyperglycaemia are considered to inhibit wound healing. Therapeutic approaches for slow wound healing include anti-infection, debridement and the use of various wound dressings. However, the current clinical outcomes are still unsatisfied. In this review, we discuss the role of skin and wound commensal microbiota in the different healing stages, including inflammation, cell proliferation, re-epithelialization and remodelling phase, followed by multiple immune cell responses to commensal microbiota. Current clinical management in treating surgical wounds and chronic wounds was also reviewed together with potential controlled delivery systems which may be utilized in the future for the topical administration of probiotics and microbiomes. This review aims to introduce advances, novel strategies, and pioneer ideas in regulating the wound microbiome and the design of controlled delivery systems.
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7
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Mohammedsaeed W, Bukhari S, Manzoor N, Almaramhy HH. An ex-vivo study to investigate the potential of Staphylococcus epidermidis lysate to improve wound healing in diabetic patients. Journal of Taibah University for Science 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/16583655.2022.2112489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Walaa Mohammedsaeed
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samyah Bukhari
- Endocrinologist in King Fahd Hospital, Prince Abdelaziz Ben Maged Ben Abdelaziz Diabetic Centre, Al Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nikhat Manzoor
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi-, Delhi, India
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8
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Sethi G, Varghese RP, Krishna R. Identification and design of a multi-epitope subunit vaccine against the opportunistic pathogen Staphylococcus epidermidis: An immunoinformatics approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:13859-13871. [PMID: 34726118 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1997819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus epidermidis is one of the major causes of nosocomial infections around the globe that leads to a high rate of mortality and morbidity in both immunocompromised patients and preterm infants. Despite the alarming increase in multi-drug resistance, no promising vaccines are readily available against this pathogen. Thus, the present study is focused on designing a multi-epitope subunit vaccine using five antigenic proteins of S. epidermidis through an immunoinformatics approach. The final vaccine comprised B-cell, HTL, and CTL binding epitopes followed by Lipoprotein LprA adjuvant added at N-terminal to augment the immunogenicity. Physicochemical assessment of the vaccine reveals the antigenic and non-allergic nature. The vaccine structure was designed, refined, validated, and disulfide engineered to obtain the best model. Molecular docking and dynamics simulation of the proposed vaccine with toll-like receptors (TLR-2 and TLR-4) showed strong and stable interactions. MM-PBSA analysis was implemented as an efficient tool to determine the intermolecular binding free energies of the system. The vaccine was subjected to immune simulation to predict its immunogenic profile. In silico cloning suggested that the proposed vaccine can be expressed efficiently in E.coli. Furthermore, in vivo animal experiment is needed to determine the effectiveness of the in silico designed vaccine.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guneswar Sethi
- Centre for Bioinformatics, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | | | - Ramadas Krishna
- Centre for Bioinformatics, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
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9
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Škovranová G, Čulenová M, Treml J, Dzurická L, Marova I, Sychrová A. Prenylated phenolics from Morus alba against MRSA infections as a strategy for wound healing. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1068371. [PMID: 36532741 PMCID: PMC9747775 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1068371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a public health threat and the increasing number of multidrug-resistant bacteria is a major concern worldwide. Common antibiotics are becoming ineffective for skin infections and wounds, making the search for new therapeutic options increasingly urgent. The present study aimed to investigate the antibacterial potential of prenylated phenolics in wound healing. Phenolic compounds isolated from the root bark of Morus alba L. were investigated for their antistaphylococcal potential both alone and in combination with commonly used antibiotics. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined by microdilution and agar method. Synergy was investigated using the checkerboard titration technique. Membrane-disrupting activity and efflux pump inhibition were evaluated to describe the potentiating effect. Prenylated phenolics inhibited bacterial growth of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) at lower concentrations (MIC 2-8 μg/ml) than commonly used antibiotics. The combination of active phenolics with kanamycin, oxacillin, and ciprofloxacin resulted in a decrease in the MIC of the antimicrobial agent. Kuwanon C, E, T, morusin, and albafuran C showed synergy (FICi 0.375-0.5) with oxacillin and/or kanamycin. Prenylated phenolics disrupted membrane permeability statistically significantly (from 28 ± 16.48% up to 73 ± 2.83%), and membrane disruption contributes to the complex antibacterial activity against MRSA. In addition, kuwanon C could be considered an efflux pump inhibitor. Despite the antibacterial effect on MRSA and the multiple biological activities, the prenylated phenolics at microbially significant concentrations have a minor effect on human keratinocyte (HaCaT) viability. In conclusion, prenylated phenolics in combination with commonly used antibiotics are promising candidates for the treatment of MRSA infections and wound healing, although further studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Škovranová
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Molecular Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Marie Čulenová
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Jakub Treml
- Department of Molecular Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Lucia Dzurická
- Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czechia
| | - Ivana Marova
- Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czechia
| | - Alice Sychrová
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
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10
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Abstract
The skin serves as the interface between the human body and the environment and interacts with the microbial community. The skin microbiota consists of microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungi, mites, and viruses, and they fluctuate depending on the microenvironment defined by anatomical location and physiological function. The balance of interactions between the host and microbiota plays a pivotal role in the orchestration of skin homeostasis; however, the disturbance of the balance due to an alteration in the microbial communities, namely, dysbiosis, leads to various skin disorders. Recent developments in sequencing technology have provided new insights into the structure and function of skin microbial communities. Based on high-throughput sequencing analysis, a growing body of evidence indicates that a new treatment using live bacteria, termed bacteriotherapy, is a feasible therapeutic option for cutaneous diseases caused by dysbiosis. In particular, the administration of specific bacterial strains has been investigated as an exclusionary treatment strategy against pathogens associated with chronic skin disorders, whereas the safety, efficacy, and sustainability of this therapeutic approach using isolated live bacteria need to be further explored. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the skin microbiota, as well as therapeutic strategies using characterized strains of live bacteria for skin inflammatory diseases. The ecosystem formed by interactions between the host and skin microbial consortium is still largely unexplored; however, advances in our understanding of the function of the skin microbiota at the strain level will lead to the development of new therapeutic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Ito
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Masayuki Amagai
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.,RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
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11
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Gilson Sena IF, Fernandes LL, Lorandi LL, Santana TV, Cintra L, Lima IF, Iwai LK, Kramer JM, Birbrair A, Heller D. Identification of early biomarkers in saliva in genetically engineered mouse model C(3)1-TAg of breast cancer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11544. [PMID: 35798767 PMCID: PMC9263110 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14514-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of leading causes of death worldwide in the female population. Deaths from breast cancer could be reduced significantly through earlier and more efficient detection of the disease. Saliva, an oral fluid that contains an abundance of protein biomarkers, has been recognized as a promising diagnostic biofluid that is easy to isolate through non-invasive techniques. Assays on saliva can be performed rapidly and are cost-effective. Therefore, our work aimed to identify salivary biomarkers present in the initial stages of breast cancer, where cell alterations are not yet detectable by histopathological analysis. Using state-of-the-art techniques, we employed a transgenic mouse model of mammary cancer to identify molecular changes in precancerous stage breast cancer through protein analysis in saliva. Through corroborative molecular approaches, we established that proteins related to metabolic changes, inflammatory process and cell matrix degradation are detected in saliva at the onset of tumor development. Our work demonstrated that salivary protein profiles can be used to identify cellular changes associated with precancerous stage breast cancer through non-invasive means even prior to biopsy-evident disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ismael Feitosa Lima
- Laboratory of Applied Toxicology, Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling (LETA/CeTICS), Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leo Kei Iwai
- Laboratory of Applied Toxicology, Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling (LETA/CeTICS), Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jill M Kramer
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, The University of Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Birbrair
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. .,Department of Dermatology, Medical Sciences Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Rm 4385, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI, 53706, USA. .,Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Débora Heller
- Post Graduate Program in Dentistry, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Department of Periodontology, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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12
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Peng J, Chen H, Zhang B. Nerve–stem cell crosstalk in skin regeneration and diseases. Trends Mol Med 2022; 28:583-595. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Bernardes SS, Pinto MCX, Amorim JH, Azevedo VADC, Resende RR, Mintz A, Birbrair A. Glioma Pericytes Promote Angiogenesis by Producing Periostin. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2022; 42:557-564. [PMID: 33010018 PMCID: PMC8018985 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00975-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is the prevalent aggressive primary brain tumor, with a very poor prognosis. The absence of advanced understanding of the roles played by the cells within the glioma microenvironment limits the development of effective drugs. A recent study indicates that periostin expressed by pericytes is crucial for glioma angiogenesis. Here, we describe succinctly the results and implications of this discovery in what we know about pericytes within the glioma microenvironment. The emerging knowledge from this work will benefit the development of therapies for gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Santos Bernardes
- Tissue Microenvironment Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Mauro Cunha Xavier Pinto
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Neurochemistry, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Jaime Henrique Amorim
- Center of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of West Bahia, Barreiras, BA, Brazil
| | - Vasco Ariston de Carvalho Azevedo
- Cellular and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Ribeiro Resende
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Akiva Mintz
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Birbrair
- Tissue Microenvironment Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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14
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Peimbert M, Alcaraz LD. Where environmental microbiome meets its host: subway and passenger microbiome relationships. Mol Ecol 2022; 32:2602-2618. [PMID: 35318755 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Subways are urban transport systems with high capacity. Every day around the world, there are more than 150 million subway passengers. Since 2013, thousands of microbiome samples from various subways worldwide have been sequenced. Skin bacteria and environmental organisms dominate the subway microbiomes. The literature has revealed common bacterial groups in subway systems; even so, it is possible to identify cities by their microbiome. Low-frequency bacteria are responsible for specific bacterial fingerprints of each subway system. Furthermore, daily subway commuters leave their microbial clouds and interact with other passengers. Microbial exchange is quite fast; the hand microbiome changes within minutes, and after cleaning the handrails, the bacteria are re-established within minutes. To investigate new taxa and metabolic pathways of subway microbial communities, several high-quality metagenomic-assembled genomes (MAG) have been described. Subways are harsh environments unfavorable for microorganism growth. However, recent studies have observed a wide diversity of viable and metabolically active bacteria. Understanding which bacteria are living, dormant, or dead allows us to propose realistic ecological interactions. Questions regarding the relationship between humans and the subway microbiome, particularly the microbiome effects on personal and public health, remain unanswered. This review summarizes our knowledge of subway microbiomes and their relationship with passenger microbiomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Peimbert
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Unidad Cuajimalpa, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana. Ciudad de México, México
| | - Luis D Alcaraz
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
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15
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Sethi G, Sethi S, Krishna R. Multi-epitope based vaccine design against Staphylococcus epidermidis: A subtractive proteomics and immunoinformatics approach. Microb Pathog 2022; 165:105484. [PMID: 35301068 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus epidermidis has emerged as a major contributor of nosocomial infections across the world. With the increased rate of emerging resistant and previously undefined infectious diseases, there is a growing need to develop a novel vaccine possessing required immunogenic properties. The adopted reverse vaccinology approach identified "IMPNQILTI" of LysM domain protein, "YSYTYTIDA" of staphylococcal secretory antigen SsaA, and "YNYDANTGQ" neutral metalloproteinaseas potential peptides for vaccine design. The 9-mer epitope of target proteins is antigenic, virulent, surface-exposed, non-allergenic, and conserved across various strains of S. epidermidis. Protein-protein interactions study indicated the involvement of target proteins in major biological pathways for S. epidermidis pathogenesis. Protein-peptide docking was performed, and population coverage analysis showed significant interactions of T-cell epitopes with the HLA-binding molecules while covering 90.58% of the world's population. Further, a multi-epitope vaccine of 177 amino acids long was constructed. Docking with Toll-like receptor (TLR-2) molecule confirmed the effective interaction of the vaccine with the receptor. The vaccine efficiency in generating an effective immune response in the host was evaluated by immune simulation. Finally, in silico cloning confirmed that the constructed vaccine can be efficiently expressed in E. coli. However, the designed vaccine needs experimental validation to determine the effectiveness and immunogenicity profile, which will ensure an active immunity against S. epidermidis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guneswar Sethi
- Department of Bioinformatics, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India.
| | - Satyanarayan Sethi
- Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Research Institute, Bhubaneswar, 751002, India.
| | - Ramadas Krishna
- Department of Bioinformatics, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India.
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16
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Moradpoor H, Mohammadi H, Safaei M, Mozaffari HR, Sharifi R, Gorji P, Sulong AB, Muhamad N, Ebadi M, Wu Q. Recent Advances on Bacterial Cellulose-Based Wound Management: Promises and Challenges. INT J POLYM SCI 2022; 2022:1-24. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/1214734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a therapeutic challenge due to the complexity of the wound. Various wounds could cause severe physiological trauma and bring social and economic burdens to the patient. The conventional wound healing treatments using bandages and gauze are limited particularly due to their susceptibility to infection. Different types of wound dressing have developed in different physical forms such as sponges, hydrocolloids, films, membranes, and hydrogels. Each of these formulations possesses distinct characteristics making them appropriate for the treatment of a specific wound. In this review, the pathology and microbiology of wounds are introduced. Then, the most recent progress on bacterial cellulose- (BC-) based wound dressing discussed and highlighted their antibacterial and reepithelization properties in vitro and in vivo wound closure. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives on the development of BC-based wound dressing biomaterials are outlined.
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17
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Pistone D, Meroni G, Panelli S, D’Auria E, Acunzo M, Pasala AR, Zuccotti GV, Bandi C, Drago L. A Journey on the Skin Microbiome: Pitfalls and Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9846. [PMID: 34576010 PMCID: PMC8469928 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The human skin microbiota is essential for maintaining homeostasis and ensuring barrier functions. Over the years, the characterization of its composition and taxonomic diversity has reached outstanding goals, with more than 10 million bacterial genes collected and cataloged. Nevertheless, the study of the skin microbiota presents specific challenges that need to be addressed in study design. Benchmarking procedures and reproducible and robust analysis workflows for increasing comparability among studies are required. For various reasons and because of specific technical problems, these issues have been investigated in gut microbiota studies, but they have been largely overlooked for skin microbiota. After a short description of the skin microbiota, the review tackles methodological aspects and their pitfalls, covering NGS approaches and high throughput culture-based techniques. Recent insights into the "core" and "transient" types of skin microbiota and how the manipulation of these communities can prevent or combat skin diseases are also covered. Finally, this review includes an overview of the main dermatological diseases, the changes in the microbiota composition associated with them, and the recommended skin sampling procedures. The last section focuses on topical and oral probiotics to improve and maintain skin health, considering their possible applications for skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Pistone
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center “Invernizzi”, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (S.P.); (A.R.P.); (G.V.Z.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Gabriele Meroni
- Department of Biomedical Surgical and Dental Sciences-One Health Unit, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Simona Panelli
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center “Invernizzi”, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (S.P.); (A.R.P.); (G.V.Z.)
| | - Enza D’Auria
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Vittore Buzzi, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (E.D.); (M.A.)
| | - Miriam Acunzo
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Vittore Buzzi, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (E.D.); (M.A.)
| | - Ajay Ratan Pasala
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center “Invernizzi”, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (S.P.); (A.R.P.); (G.V.Z.)
| | - Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center “Invernizzi”, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (S.P.); (A.R.P.); (G.V.Z.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Vittore Buzzi, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (E.D.); (M.A.)
| | - Claudio Bandi
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center “Invernizzi”, Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Lorenzo Drago
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy;
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18
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Ahle CM, Stødkilde-Jørgensen K, Poehlein A, Streit WR, Hüpeden J, Brüggemann H. Comparison of three amplicon sequencing approaches to determine staphylococcal populations on human skin. BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:221. [PMID: 34320945 PMCID: PMC8320028 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02284-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Staphylococci are important members of the human skin microbiome. Many staphylococcal species and strains are commensals of the healthy skin microbiota, while few play essential roles in skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis. To study the involvement of staphylococci in health and disease, it is essential to determine staphylococcal populations in skin samples beyond the genus and species level. Culture-independent approaches such as amplicon next-generation sequencing (NGS) are time- and cost-effective options. However, their suitability depends on the power of resolution. Results Here we compare three amplicon NGS schemes that rely on different targets within the genes tuf and rpsK, designated tuf1, tuf2 and rpsK schemes. The schemes were tested on mock communities and on human skin samples. To obtain skin samples and build mock communities, skin swab samples of healthy volunteers were taken. In total, 254 staphylococcal strains were isolated and identified to the species level by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. A subset of ten strains belonging to different staphylococcal species were genome-sequenced. Two mock communities with nine and eighteen strains, respectively, as well as eight randomly selected skin samples were analysed with the three amplicon NGS methods. Our results imply that all three methods are suitable for species-level determination of staphylococcal populations. However, the novel tuf2-NGS scheme was superior in resolution power. It unambiguously allowed identification of Staphylococcus saccharolyticus and distinguish phylogenetically distinct clusters of Staphylococcus epidermidis. Conclusions Powerful amplicon NGS approaches for the detection and relative quantification of staphylococci in human samples exist that can resolve populations to the species and, to some extent, to the subspecies level. Our study highlights strengths, weaknesses and pitfalls of three currently available amplicon NGS approaches to determine staphylococcal populations. Applied to the analysis of healthy and diseased skin, these approaches can be useful to attribute host-beneficial and -detrimental roles to skin-resident staphylococcal species and subspecies. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12866-021-02284-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Marie Ahle
- Beiersdorf AG, Research & Development, Front End Innovation, 20245, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Hamburg, 22609, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Anja Poehlein
- Department of Genomic and Applied Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, University of Göttingen, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang R Streit
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Hamburg, 22609, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jennifer Hüpeden
- Beiersdorf AG, Research & Development, Front End Innovation, 20245, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Holger Brüggemann
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark.
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19
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Maheswary T, Nurul AA, Fauzi MB. The Insights of Microbes' Roles in Wound Healing: A Comprehensive Review. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:981. [PMID: 34209654 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13070981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A diverse range of normal flora populates the human skin and numbers are relatively different between individuals and parts of the skin. Humans and normal flora have formed a symbiotic relationship over a period of time. With numerous disease processes, the interaction between the host and normal flora can be interrupted. Unlike normal wound healing, which is complex and crucial to sustaining the skin’s physical barrier, chronic wounds, especially in diabetes, are wounds that fail to heal in a timely manner. The conditions become favorable for microbes to colonize and establish infections within the skin. These include secretions of various kinds of molecules, substances or even trigger the immune system to attack other cells required for wound healing. Additionally, the healing process can be slowed down by prolonging the inflammatory phase and delaying the wound repair process, which causes further destruction to the tissue. Antibiotics and wound dressings become the targeted therapy to treat chronic wounds. Though healing rates are improved, prolonged usage of these treatments could become ineffective or microbes may become resistant to the treatments. Considering all these factors, more studies are needed to comprehensively elucidate the role of human skin normal flora at the cellular and molecular level in a chronic injury. This article will review wound healing physiology and discuss the role of normal flora in the skin and chronic wounds.
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20
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Boxberger M, Cenizo V, Cassir N, La Scola B. Challenges in exploring and manipulating the human skin microbiome. Microbiome 2021; 9:125. [PMID: 34053468 PMCID: PMC8166136 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-021-01062-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The skin is the exterior interface of the human body with the environment. Despite its harsh physical landscape, the skin is colonized by diverse commensal microbes. In this review, we discuss recent insights into skin microbial populations, including their composition and role in health and disease and their modulation by intrinsic and extrinsic factors, with a focus on the pathobiological basis of skin aging. We also describe the most recent tools for investigating the skin microbiota composition and microbe-skin relationships and perspectives regarding the challenges of skin microbiome manipulation. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Boxberger
- IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 05, France
| | - Valérie Cenizo
- Groupe L’Occitane, R&D Department, Zone Industrielle Saint Maurice, 4100 Manosque, Alpes-de Haute-Provence France
| | - Nadim Cassir
- IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 05, France
| | - Bernard La Scola
- IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 05, France
- IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
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21
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Bzioueche H, Simonyté Sjödin K, West CE, Khemis A, Rocchi S, Passeron T, Tulic MK. Analysis of Matched Skin and Gut Microbiome of Patients with Vitiligo Reveals Deep Skin Dysbiosis: Link with Mitochondrial and Immune Changes. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 141:2280-90. [PMID: 33771527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Vitiligo is an autoimmune disease characterized by patchy, white skin owing to melanocyte loss. Commensal cutaneous or gut dysbiosis has been linked to various dermatological disorders. In this study, we studied the skin and gut microbiota of patients with vitiligo compared with those of healthy controls. We obtained swabs and biopsies from both lesional and nonlesional skin as well as stool and blood samples from each individual. We detected reduced richness and diversity of microbiota in the stools of subjects with vitiligo compared with the stools of the controls (P < 0.01). Skin swabs had greater α-diversity than biopsies (P < 0.001); swabs from lesional sites were primarily depleted of Staphylococcus compared with those from nonlesional sites (P < 0.02). Sampling deeper layers from the same patients showed differences in both α- and β-diversity between samples with decreased richness and distribution of species (P < 0.01) in the lesional site. Biopsy microbiota from the lesional skin had distinct microbiota composition, which was depleted of protective Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides but was enriched in Proteobacteria, Streptococcus, Mycoplasma, and mtDNA (P < 0.001); the latter increased in the same patients with heightened innate immunity and stress markers in their blood (P < 0.05). These data describe vitiligo-specific cutaneous and gut microbiota and a link between skin dysbiosis, mitochondrial damage, and immunity in patients with vitiligo.
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22
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DeVore SB, Gonzalez T, Sherenian MG, Herr AB, Khurana Hershey GK. On the surface: Skin microbial exposure contributes to allergic disease. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2020; 125:628-638. [PMID: 32853786 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2020.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To discuss the skin microbiome modulates immunity by interactions between skin immunology with keratinocytes to combat pathogens. Allergic disorders are classified by immunoglobulin E sensitivity and aberrant TH2 cell responses, and an increasing number of studies have described the associations with skin microbiome fluctuations. In this review, we discuss commensal-epidermal homeostasis and its influence on allergic disease. DATA SOURCES All included references were obtained from the PubMed database. STUDY SELECTIONS Studies addressing relevant aspects of commensal-epidermal homeostasis, skin microbiome dysbiosis, microbiome-targeted therapeutics, and prevention in allergy were included. RESULTS Homeostasis between the commensal microbiome and the epidermis is important in protecting against allergic disease. Commensals promote antiallergic TH1 and TH17 immunophenotypes within the skin and induce keratinocytes to secrete antimicrobial peptides and alarmins that enhance barrier function and antagonize proallergic organisms. Perturbations in this homeostasis, however, is associated with allergic disease development. Atopic dermatitis is associated with decreases in skin commensals and increases in the pathogen, Staphylococcus aureus. Fluctuations in the skin microbiome contributes to decreased barrier dysfunction, allergic sensitization, and TH2 cytokine secretion. Little is known about how the skin microbiome affects food allergy, allergic rhinitis, and asthma, and it is poorly understood how cutaneous inflammation influences systemic allergic responses. Therapies are targeted toward maintenance of the skin barrier, replacement of healthy commensals, and anti-TH2 biologic therapy. CONCLUSION Although the effects of commensal-epidermal homeostasis on allergy within the skin are becoming increasingly clear, future studies are necessary to assess its effects on extracutaneous allergic disorders and explore potential therapeutics targeting the skin microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley B DeVore
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Asthma Research, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Tammy Gonzalez
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Immunobiology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Michael G Sherenian
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Asthma Research, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Andrew B Herr
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Immunobiology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Gurjit K Khurana Hershey
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Asthma Research, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.
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23
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Picoli CC, Costa AC, Rocha BGS, Silva WN, Santos GSP, Prazeres PHDM, Costa PAC, Oropeza A, da Silva RA, Azevedo VAC, Resende RR, Cunha TM, Mintz A, Birbrair A. Sensory nerves in the spotlight of the stem cell niche. Stem Cells Transl Med 2020; 10:346-356. [PMID: 33112056 PMCID: PMC7900586 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.20-0284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Niches are specialized tissue microenvironments that control stem cells functioning. The bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell niche defines a location within the marrow in which mesenchymal stem cells are retained and produce new cells throughout life. Deciphering the signaling mechanisms by which the niche regulates stem cell fate will facilitate the use of these cells for therapy. Recent studies, by using state-of-the-art methodologies, including sophisticated in vivo inducible genetic techniques, such as lineage-tracing Cre/loxP mediated systems, in combination with pharmacological inhibition, provide evidence that sensory neuron is an important component of the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell niche. Strikingly, knockout of a specific receptor in sensory neurons blocked stem cell function in the bone marrow. The knowledge arising from these discoveries will be crucial for stem cell manipulation in the future. Here, we review recent progress in our understanding of sensory nerves biology in the stem cell niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline C Picoli
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Alinne C Costa
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Beatriz G S Rocha
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Walison N Silva
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Gabryella S P Santos
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Pedro H D M Prazeres
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Pedro A C Costa
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Anderson Oropeza
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A da Silva
- Department of Dentistry, University of Taubaté, Taubaté, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vasco A C Azevedo
- Cellular and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo R Resende
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Thiago M Cunha
- Department of Pharmacology, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Akiva Mintz
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alexander Birbrair
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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24
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Prazeres PHDM, Leonel C, Silva WN, Rocha BGS, Santos GSP, Costa AC, Picoli CC, Sena IFG, Gonçalves WA, Vieira MS, Costa PAC, Campos LMCC, Lopes MTP, Costa MR, Resende RR, Cunha TM, Mintz A, Birbrair A. Ablation of sensory nerves favours melanoma progression. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:9574-9589. [PMID: 32691511 PMCID: PMC7520271 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumour mass is composed not only of heterogeneous neoplastic cells, but also a variety of other components that may affect cancer cells behaviour. The lack of detailed knowledge about all the constituents of the tumour microenvironment restricts the design of effective treatments. Nerves have been reported to contribute to the growth and maintenance of numerous tissues. The effects of sensory innervations on tumour growth remain unclear. Here, by using state-of-the-art techniques, including Cre/loxP technologies, confocal microscopy, in vivo-tracing and chemical denervation, we revealed the presence of sensory nerves infiltrating within the melanoma microenvironment, and affecting cancer progression. Strikingly, melanoma growth in vivo was accelerated following genetic ablation or chemical denervation of sensory nerves. In humans, a retrospective analysis of melanoma patients revealed that increased expression of genes related to sensory nerves in tumours was associated with better clinical outcomes. These findings suggest that sensory innervations counteract melanoma progression. The emerging knowledge from this research provides a novel target in the tumour microenvironment for therapeutic benefit in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Caroline Leonel
- Department of PathologyFederal University of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil
| | - Walison N. Silva
- Department of PathologyFederal University of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil
| | - Beatriz G. S. Rocha
- Department of PathologyFederal University of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil
| | | | - Alinne C. Costa
- Department of PathologyFederal University of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil
| | - Caroline C. Picoli
- Department of PathologyFederal University of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil
| | - Isadora F. G. Sena
- Department of PathologyFederal University of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil
| | | | - Mariana S. Vieira
- Department of Biochemistry and ImmunologyFederal University of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil
| | - Pedro A. C. Costa
- Department of PathologyFederal University of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil
| | | | - Miriam T. P. Lopes
- Department of PharmacologyFederal University of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil
| | - Marcos R. Costa
- Brain InstituteFederal University of Rio Grande do NorteNatalBrazil
| | - Rodrigo R. Resende
- Department of Biochemistry and ImmunologyFederal University of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil
| | - Thiago M. Cunha
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of São PauloRibeirão PretoBrazil
| | - Akiva Mintz
- Department of RadiologyColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Alexander Birbrair
- Department of PathologyFederal University of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil,Department of RadiologyColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNYUSA
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Leonel C, Sena IFG, Silva WN, Prazeres PHDM, Fernandes GR, Mancha Agresti P, Martins Drumond M, Mintz A, Azevedo VAC, Birbrair A. Staphylococcus epidermidis role in the skin microenvironment. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:5949-5955. [PMID: 31278859 PMCID: PMC6714221 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex dynamic physiological process in response to cutaneous destructive stimuli that aims to restore the cutaneous' barrier role. Deciphering the underlying mechanistic details that contribute to wound healing will create novel therapeutic strategies for skin repair. Recently, by using state-of-the-art technologies, it was revealed that the cutaneous microbiota interact with skin immune cells. Strikingly, commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis-induced CD8+ T cells induce re-epithelization of the skin after injury, accelerating wound closure. From a drug development perspective, the microbiota may provide new therapeutic candidate molecules to accelerate skin healing. Here, we summarize and evaluate recent advances in the understanding of the microbiota in the skin microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Leonel
- Departamento de PatologiaUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrasil
| | - Isadora F. G. Sena
- Departamento de PatologiaUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrasil
| | - Walison N. Silva
- Departamento de PatologiaUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrasil
| | | | | | - Pamela Mancha Agresti
- Departamento de Biologia GeralUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrasil
| | | | - Akiva Mintz
- Department of RadiologyColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew York
| | - Vasco A. C. Azevedo
- Departamento de Biologia GeralUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrasil
| | - Alexander Birbrair
- Departamento de PatologiaUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrasil
- Department of RadiologyColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew York
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