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Das Sarkar S, Naskar M, Sahu SK, Bera AK, Manna SK, Swain PR, Majhi P, Saha K, Banerjee S, Vanniaraj SK, Sarkar DJ, Nag SK, Samanta S, Das BK, Mohanty BP. Trophic transfer patterns of arsenic in freshwater ecosystem layers in arsenic-endemic Ganges Delta and its potential human health risk. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:126178-126194. [PMID: 38008832 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30969-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a toxic environmental contaminant with global public health concern. In aquatic ecosystems, the quantification of total As is restricted chiefly to the individual organisms. The present study has quantified the total As in different trophic layers (sediment-water-phytoplankton-periphyton-zooplankton-fish-gastropod-hydrophytes) of lentic freshwater ecosystems. As transfer pathways quantifying the transmission rate across trophic-level compartmental route were delineated using a novel model-based approach along with its potential contamination risk to humans. Lentic water bodies from Indo-Gangetic region, a core area of groundwater As, were selected for the present investigation. The study revealed that among the lower biota, zooplankton were the highest accumulator of total As (5554-11,564 µg kg-1) with magnification (rate = 1.129) of the metalloid, followed by phytoplankton (2579-6865 µg kg-1) and periphytic biofilm (1075 to 4382 µg kg -1). Muscle tissue of zooplanktivore Labeo catla is found to store higher As (80-115 µg kg-1 w.w.) compared to bottom-dwelling omnivore Cirrhinus mrigala (58-92 µg kg-1 w.w.). Whereas, Amblypharyngodon mola has accumulated higher As (203-319 µg kg-1 w.w.) than Puntius sophore (30-98 µg kg-1 w.w.) that raised further concern. The hepatic concentration indicated arsenic-mediated stress based on As stress index (threshold value = 1). Mrigal and Mola showed significant biomagnification among fishes while biodiminution was observed in Catla, Bata, Rohu and Punti. All the studied fishes were under the arsenic mediated stress. In the 'sediment-water-periphytic biofilm-gastropod' compartment, the direct grazing accumulation was higher (rate = 0.618) than the indirect path (rate = 0.587). Stems of edible freshwater macrophytes accumulated lesser As (32-190 µg kg-1 d.w.) than roots (292-946 µg kg-1 d.w.) and leaves (62-231 µg kg-1 d.w.). The target cancer risk (TCR) revealed a greater concern for adults consuming edible macrophyte regularly. Similarly, the varied level of target hazard quotient and TCR for adults consuming fishes from these waterbodies further speculated significant health concerns. The trophic transfer rate of environmental As in soil-water-biota level at an increasing trophic guild and consumer risk analysis have been unravelled for the first time in the Indo-Gangetic plains, which will be helpful for the strategic mitigation of As contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soma Das Sarkar
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Malay Naskar
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Sahu
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Asit Kumar Bera
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, West Bengal, India.
| | - Sanjib Kumar Manna
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Prajna Ritambhara Swain
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Pritijyoti Majhi
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Keya Saha
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Sudarshan Banerjee
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Santhana Kumar Vanniaraj
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Dhruba Jyoti Sarkar
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Subir Kumar Nag
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Srikanta Samanta
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Basanta Kumar Das
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Bimal Prasanna Mohanty
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, West Bengal, India
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Fisheries Science Division, Krishi Anusandhan Bhawan II, Pusa, New Delhi, 110 012, India
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do Nascimento CP, Dos Santos NCL, Dal Vesco BM, Gomes LC. Trophic morphology features allow Astyanax endemic species coexistence in a Neotropical river system. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2020; 97:776-784. [PMID: 32535919 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Resource partitioning has an essential role in interspecific relations, especially in congener species, which share many morphological traits. In some places, small characids coexist through resource partitioning, which may reduce their interspecific competition. Astyanax species (e.g., Astyanax minor, Astyanax gymnodontus and Astyanax bifasciatus), for example, coexist in different water bodies from the Iguaçu River basin. These species have high phenotypic plasticity and many morphologic specializations that allow them to live in different habitats. Based on evidences that these species modified their feeding habits because of changes in resource availability in Iguaçu River, this study tested two hypotheses: (a) there are differences in head morphology, number of teeth and number of gill rakers among the species of Astyanax; and (b) there are differences in gill arch and gill raker morphology among the species of Astyanax, which may favour their trophic resource partitioning in Iguaçu River. The head morphological traits and quantitative morphological characters were summarized in a principal coordinates analysis (PCoA), and the analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) showed significant differences among species. Gill morphological measurements were analysed through analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), and it also showed significant differences in gill arch and gill raker morphology among species. Therefore, the analysis of ecomorphological traits related to trophic habits revealed some differences that may suggest a tendency of reducing competition for trophic resources in the Iguaçu River basin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina P do Nascimento
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Bianca M Dal Vesco
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Luiz C Gomes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
- Departmento de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
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Nandi S, Saikia SK. Scanning electron microscopic and histological studies of the buccal cavity of a phytoplanktivorous small freshwater fish, Amblypharyngodon mola. Microsc Res Tech 2020; 84:119-124. [PMID: 32860284 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The electron microscopic and histological studies of the buccal-cavity of herbivorous fish Mola (Amblypharyngodon mola) were performed. The studies revealed that the architectures of the buccal cavity of A. mola support the herbivory nature of the fish. Both the upper and lower jaws of the fish are rich in mucus glands, unculi, and microridges. The presence of papillae like taste buds in the lower jaw of A. mola indicates the mechanosensory role of the lower jaw during gustation. These features directly support a gustatory feeding behavior associated with filter feeding in this small freshwater fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudarshana Nandi
- Aquatic Ecology and Fish Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati University, West Bengal, India.,Department of Zoology, SRM University, Sikkim, India
| | - Surjya Kumar Saikia
- Aquatic Ecology and Fish Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati University, West Bengal, India
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Perelman JN, Schmidt KN, Haro I, Tibbetts IR, Zischke MT. Feeding dynamics, consumption rates and daily ration of wahoo Acanthocybium solandri in Indo-Pacific waters. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2017; 90:1842-1860. [PMID: 28217894 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the diet composition of 363 wahoo Acanthocybium solandri captured from the Indo-Pacific. The study also provides the first estimates of consumption and daily ration for the species worldwide, which are important parameters for ecosystem models and may improve ecosystem-based fisheries management. Thirty-four prey taxa were identified from A. solandri stomachs with Scombridae having the highest relative importance. Actinopterygii comprised 96% of the total prey wet mass, of which 29% were epipelagic fishes, with 22% alone from Scombridae. There was no significant relationship between fish size and the size of prey items consumed. Feeding intensity, as measured by stomach fullness, did not significantly differ either among seasons or reproductive activity. The mean daily consumption rate was estimated as 344 g day-1 , which corresponded to a mean daily ration of 2·44% body mass day-1 . The results from this study suggest A. solandri is an opportunistic predator similar to other pelagic piscivores, worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Perelman
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90007, U.S.A
| | - K N Schmidt
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - I Haro
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Charles Darwin Foundation, Puerto Ayora, Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos, Ecuador
| | - I R Tibbetts
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - M T Zischke
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, 195 Marsteller St, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, U.S.A
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Portella T, Lobón-Cerviá J, Manna LR, Bergallo HG, Mazzoni R. Eco-morphological attributes and feeding habits in coexisting characins. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2017; 90:129-146. [PMID: 27730634 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The head morphology and feeding habits of pairs of characin species (family Characidae) that coexist in four different coastal rainforest streams were analysed. Coexisting species differed in size, but were very similar in eco-morphological attributes. Gut analyses revealed differences in feeding preferences for each coexisting species, indicating resource partitioning. A pattern of organization in species pairs that was repeated in the four studied streams was noticed. The pattern consisted of one slightly larger species with a feeding preference for items of allochthonous origin and another smaller species with a preference for autochthonous items. The hypothesis that small morphological differences enable the current coexistence of those species pairs was proposed. Furthermore, the results show ecological equivalence among different species in the studied streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Portella
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro-UERJ, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Maracanã, CEP 20550-13, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - J Lobón-Cerviá
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), C/2, José Gutierrez Abascal, Madrid, 28006, Spain
| | - L R Manna
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro-UERJ, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Maracanã, CEP 20550-13, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - H G Bergallo
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro-UERJ, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Maracanã, CEP 20550-13, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - R Mazzoni
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro-UERJ, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Maracanã, CEP 20550-13, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Abstract
AbstractFeeding ecology explains predator’s preference to some preys over others in their habitat and their competitions thereof. The subject, as a functional and applied biology, is highly neglected, and in case of fish, a uniform and consistent methodology is absent. The currently practiced methods are largely centred on mathematical indices and highly erroneous because of non-uniform outcomes. Therefore, it requires a relook into the subject to elucidate functional contributions and to make it more comparable and comprehensive science. In this article, approachable methodological strategies have been forwarded in three hierarchical steps, namely, food occurrence, feeding biology and interpretative ecology. All these steps involve wide ranges of techniques, within the scope of ecology but not limited to, and traverse from narrative to functional evolutionary ecology. The first step is an assumption-observation practice to assess food of fish, followed by feeding biology that links morphological, histological, cytological, bacteriological or enzymological correlations to preferred food in the environment. Interpretative ecology is the higher level of analysis in which the outcomes are tested and discussed against evolutionary theories. A description of possible pedagogics on the methods of feeding ecological studies has also been forwarded.
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