1
|
PettyJohn ME, Cary KM, Nolen E, Gallegos TA. "I'm Not Experienced … Please Send Advice": Teens Seeking Information and Advice About Sexual Behaviors on Reddit. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2025:1-12. [PMID: 39772969 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2024.2446643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2025]
Abstract
Teens commonly use the internet for seeking information about sex and sexual relationships, particularly in the absence of comprehensive sex education from offline sources. The social media platform, Reddit, has become a popular forum for teens seeking information about sex from peers, due to its culture of anonymity. To explore teens' use of Reddit for this purpose, we asked: What advice/information about sexual behaviors are teens seeking out on Reddit? We performed qualitative content analysis with secondary, publicly available social media posts (n = 180) from a large community on Reddit (r/teenrelationships) designed for teens to ask questions about relationships. Five primary, non-mutually exclusive categories of advice/information were identified, with 26 subcategories: 1) Sexual issues within their relationship (42%; e.g., differences in desire, past trauma); 2) Identifying/responding to "red flag" or abusive behaviors (41%; e.g., sexual coercion, harassment); 3) Responding to cheating or jealousy issues (27%; e.g., partners' past sexual behaviors; porn use); 4) Making decisions about having sex (19%; e.g., timing, anxiety over first time); and 5) General sex education (10%; e.g., concerns about being pregnant). These findings emphasize the importance of including information on socioemotional dynamics and healthy relationship building in comprehensive sex education for teens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kyla M Cary
- Applied Health Science, Indiana University- Bloomington
| | - Erin Nolen
- School of Social Work, University of Arkansas
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
O'Brien JE, McKinney K, Martin L, Jones LM. Help-Seeking Among Children Impacted by Commercial Sexual Exploitation: A Scoping Review. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2024; 25:3571-3584. [PMID: 38804688 DOI: 10.1177/15248380241253045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
This scoping review aims to summarize current research on help-seeking behaviors and patterns among children who have experienced commercial sexual exploitation of children (CSEC) victimization and/or are at high risk of exploitation. Because the literature on help-seeking specific to CSEC victimization is limited, the current review was expanded to summarize findings from help-seeking research for children who have experienced harms that often co-occur with CSEC, such as maltreatment and homelessness. The authors searched three large article databases (PsycInfo, Ovid MEDLINE, and Web of Science) for articles that were (a) empirical; (b) measured or used the term "help-seeking" in their framing and/or results; (c) included children between the ages of 12 and 18; (d) primarily focused on children from the United States; (e) published in English. Ultimately, 22 articles met all inclusion criteria and were included in the final review. Results suggest that cisgender white females are the most likely to seek help, followed by sexual and gender minority children. Cisgender male children were the least likely to engage in help-seeking behaviors. Universally, children were more likely to engage in informal help-seeking rather than formal help-seeking, with younger children being more likely to reach out to parents and older children more likely to reach out to friends. Importantly, ethnically diverse children were under-represented, leading to limited information about how and why these children seek help. Implications for help-seeking by children impacted by commercial sexual exploitation are discussed, providing guidance for programming and research related to CSEC prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kate McKinney
- Department of Nursing, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Lauren Martin
- Department of Nursing, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Machado B, de Faria PL, Araújo I, Caridade S. Cyber Interpersonal Violence: Adolescent Perspectives and Digital Practices. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:832. [PMID: 39063409 PMCID: PMC11276601 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21070832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pervasive use of technology, especially among adolescents, has enabled cyber communication and brought many advantages but also led to potential violence. The issue of cyber interpersonal violence (CIV) impacting young individuals is increasingly recognized as a matter of public health; however, little is known about adolescents' perspectives of the phenomenon. This study explores adolescents' perspectives on CIV. It seeks to understand their interpretations of abuse, victim impact and reactions, violence escalation, gender issues, victimization and perpetration patterns, and bystander roles. METHODS This qualitative study used fifteen focus groups to gather elementary school participants' perspectives on cyber interpersonal violence. From four Portuguese schools, 108 participants (M = 12.87 and SD = 0.31) participated in the study. A thematic analysis uncovered three themes. The results evidenced adolescents' perspectives about CIV. Due to the amount of time spent online, adolescents regularly encounter cyber harassment and recognize the importance of help-seeking. Mental health problems and their influence on the social and educational lives of adolescents is arising as a CIV problem. CONCLUSIONS Parents play a crucial role in mitigating CIV as well as bystanders. Future programs should promote healthy relationships, raise CIV awareness, involve stakeholders, guide parents, integrate perpetrators into programs, and foster effective networking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Machado
- NOVA National School of Public Health, NOVA University of Lisboa, 1600-560 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Paula Lobato de Faria
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Social Sciences (CICS), Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), National School of Public Health, NOVA University, 1600-560 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Isabel Araújo
- The Artificial Intelligence and Health Research Unit, Polytechnic University of Health, CESPU, 4760-409 Vila Nova de Famalicão, Portugal;
| | - Sónia Caridade
- Psychology Research Centre, School of Psychology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Denhard L, Brown C, Kanagasabai U, Thorsen V, Kambona C, Kamagate F, Ramphalla P, Benevides R, Kamami M, McOwen J, Augusto A, Manuel P, Coomer R, Matthews S, Patel P, Annor FB. Service-seeking behaviors among male victims of violence in five African countries: The effects of positive and adverse childhood experiences. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2024; 150:106452. [PMID: 37704546 PMCID: PMC11244758 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Violence against boys and men is widely under-reported. Boys and men face unique and gendered barriers to accessing services following experiences of violence. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING The study is a secondary data analysis of five nationally representative population-based Violence Against Children and Youth Surveys (VACS) conducted in Kenya (2019), Côte d'Ivoire (2018), Lesotho (2018), Mozambique (2019), and Namibia (2019). Analysis was limited to males between 18 and 24 years who experienced lifetime physical or sexual violence. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS We analyzed the association between positive and adverse childhood experiences (PCEs and ACEs), and seeking post-violence services among males using bivariate chi-squared tests and multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS 8.02 % (5.55-10.50 %) of male victims between the ages of 18 and 24 sought services for any lifetime physical or sexual violence. Witnessing interparental violence and experiencing death of one or both parents were each associated with increased odds of having sought post-violence services (aOR 2.43; 95 % CI: 1.25-4.79; aOR 2.27; 95 % CI: 1.14-4.50), controlling for education, violence frequency, and violence type. High parental monitoring was associated with increased odds of service seeking (aOR 1.79; 95 % CI: 1.02-3.16), while strong father-child relationship was associated with lower odds (aOR 0.45; 95 % CI: 0.23-0.89). CONCLUSION These findings contribute to limited research on service-seeking behaviors among men and boys. While some parent-youth relationship factors were associated with higher odds of service-seeking, the outcome remained rare. Age and gender-related barriers should be addressed where post-violence care services are offered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Langan Denhard
- Division of Global HIV and Tuberculosis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA.
| | - Colvette Brown
- Division of Violence Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA
| | | | - Viva Thorsen
- Division of Global HIV and Tuberculosis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA
| | - Caroline Kambona
- Division of Global HIV and Tuberculosis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kenya
| | - Fathim Kamagate
- Division of Global HIV and Tuberculosis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Puleng Ramphalla
- Division of Global HIV and Tuberculosis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Lesotho
| | - Regina Benevides
- Division of Global HIV and Tuberculosis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA
| | - Mwikali Kamami
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Jordan McOwen
- Division of Global HIV and Tuberculosis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mozambique
| | | | - Pedro Manuel
- Division of Global HIV and Tuberculosis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mozambique
| | - Rachel Coomer
- Division of Global HIV and Tuberculosis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Namibia
| | - Sarah Matthews
- Division of Violence Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA
| | - Pragna Patel
- Division of Global HIV and Tuberculosis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA
| | - Francis B Annor
- Division of Violence Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Scott SE, Lavage DR, Risser L, Gonzalez Bockinski S, Miller E, Ragavan MI. Economic Abuse and Help-Seeking Intentions Among Adolescents. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2024; 39:107-132. [PMID: 37599430 DOI: 10.1177/08862605231194640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Economic adolescent relationship abuse (ARA) includes coercive behaviors leading to interference with education, employment, and finances. To date, no study has examined help seeking among adolescents and young adults if they were to experience economic ARA. The goals of this article include examining: (a) help-seeking intentions of adolescents regarding economic ARA; (b) help-seeking sources and reasons for not seeking help; and (c) differences in help-seeking intentions based on age, race/ethnicity, gender identity, and experiences of economic ARA. We conducted a cross-sectional survey of adolescents ages 13-19 focused on economic ARA experiences and help seeking. We performed descriptive statistics of help-seeking intentions, sources, and barriers. We utilized logistic regression, adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, and gender identity, to explore associations between economic ARA victimization and help-seeking intentions. Of 2,852 participants, 56% said they would seek help for economic ARA. Adolescents with positive help-seeking intentions shared that they would seek help from their parents (43%) or friends (35%). Those less likely to seek help were concerned about others finding out (32%), not being believed (31%), or authority figures being notified (31%). Help-seeking intentions were lower among Black/African American adolescents (aOR = 0.55, CI [0.43, 0.70]) and Multiracial adolescents (aOR = 0.26, CI [0.16, 0.42]) compared to White adolescents. Help-seeking intentions were higher among gender diverse adolescents (aOR = 5.78, CI [2.98, 11.22]) and those ages 15-17 years (aOR = 1.84, CI [1.36, 2.47]) compared to those identifying as female and ages 18-19 years. Help-seeking intentions were lower among adolescents who experienced economic ARA (aOR = 0.61, CI [0.51, 0.72]). While the majority of adolescents reported that they would seek help if they experienced economic ARA, those who had experienced economic ARA were less likely to report intentions to seek help. Supportive interventions for adolescents experiencing economic ARA are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Scott
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
| | | | - Lauren Risser
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Srikanth N, Weerakoon SM, Mathew MS, Xie L, Messiah SE. Relationship Between Dating Violence and Contraceptive Use Among Texas Adolescents. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2023; 38:4852-4876. [PMID: 36000420 DOI: 10.1177/08862605221119519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The recent overturning of Roe v. Wade has the potential to adversely impact reproductive health among adolescents experiencing unplanned pregnancies from dating violence. We examined the associations between contraceptive use and dating violence among Texas high schoolers in the years leading up to this new law. Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System data from Texas 9th to 12th graders from 2011, 2013, 2017, and 2019 were analyzed. Multinomial logistic regression analyses examined the association between contraceptive use and key descriptive predictors (physical and/or sexual dating violence, survey year, age, sex, and race/ethnic group). Eleven percent of Texas adolescents surveyed reported experiencing either physical or sexual dating violence and 2% reported experiencing both types of violence. Those who experienced any dating violence were significantly more likely to report not using contraception versus those who did not experience violence (12.5% vs. 68.3%, p = 0.01). Adolescents who experienced any type of dating violence were more likely to report using hormonal contraception, condom use, or withdrawal versus those who did not experience dating violence. Hispanic adolescents were 63% more likely than their ethnic group counterparts to use no contraception (odds ratio [OR] 1.63; 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.11-2.40]). A significant proportion of Texas adolescents reported experiencing dating violence, and this group also reported higher noncontraception use versus those not experiencing dating violence. Given new strict Texas antiabortion laws, dating violence prevention and contraceptive use promotion to prevent unwanted reproductive outcomes such as sexually transmitted infections or unplanned pregnancies are imperative in this age group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nimisha Srikanth
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Dallas, TX USA
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Dallas, TX, USA
- Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Sitara M Weerakoon
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Dallas, TX USA
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Dallas, TX, USA
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Matthew S Mathew
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Dallas, TX USA
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Luyu Xie
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Dallas, TX USA
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Sarah E Messiah
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Dallas, TX USA
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Dallas, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pastor-Bravo MDM, Vargas E, Medina-Maldonado V. Strategies to Prevent and Cope with Adolescent Dating Violence: A Qualitative Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2355. [PMID: 36767720 PMCID: PMC9915203 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dating violence has attracted scholarly interest from many fields because of its implications for adolescents' health. This study aimed to learn which strategies adolescents use to address and prevent dating violence. METHODS Eight focus group discussions were analyzed, which included a total of 78 adolescents between 13 and 17 years old who had the signed consent of their parents or guardians. RESULTS The findings showed that the majority of adolescents lacked effective mechanisms to manage violence in their dating relationships, which were characterized by immaturity, a lack of trust in their families, and unrecognized relationship violence. CONCLUSIONS Assessing roles and relationships, as well as coping mechanisms, is a valid way to approach adolescents and explore how they perceive interaction during dating and which strategies are used most frequently to prevent violence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María del Mar Pastor-Bravo
- Faculty of Nursing, Cartagena School of Nursing, University of Murcia, 30203 Cartagena, Spain
- Research Group of Gender Violence Prevention (E-previo), Nursing Faculty, Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador, Quito 170143, Ecuador
| | - Elka Vargas
- Research Group of Gender Violence Prevention (E-previo), Nursing Faculty, Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador, Quito 170143, Ecuador
- Faculty of Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador, Quito 170143, Ecuador
| | - Venus Medina-Maldonado
- Research Group of Gender Violence Prevention (E-previo), Nursing Faculty, Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador, Quito 170143, Ecuador
- Centro de Investigación para la Salud en América Latina (CISeAL), Nursing Faculty, Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador, Nayón 170530, Ecuador
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Muñoz-Rivas MJ, Redondo N, Olmos R, Ronzón-Tirado R. Intimate partner violence among adolescents: Prevalence rates after one decade of research. J Adolesc 2023; 95:170-180. [PMID: 36281699 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intimate partner violence research and intervention strategies have grown substantially over the last two decades. However, little research has examined whether the intimate partner prevalence has changed or remained stable over time in Spain. Moreover, few studies have analyzed whether intimate partner violence prevalence rates among genders and age groups have fluctuated similarly or not. METHOD The aim of this study was to analyze the trends observed in intimate partner violence perpetration and victimization rates among adolescents in three sample cohorts from Spain interviewed in 2006, 2010, and 2016 (4591 Spanish adolescents; 53.6% girls and 46.2% boys). ANCOVA was used to compare the population means between the cohorts: sex, age, and the type of intimate partner violence, for example, verbal, physical, and sexual. RESULTS The results showed a significant decrease in intimate partner violence rates from 2006 to 2016, which was more noticeable within the first half of this decade. Throughout the decade, the girls perpetrated more verbal and mild physical assaults, while the boys perpetrated more sexual assaults. However, these results suggest a clear bidirectional intimate partner violence dynamic between the genders. Additionally, late adolescence reported a higher prevalence of aggressions. CONCLUSIONS The results highlight the need to adapt current prevention strategies considering the differences in the intimate partner violence trajectories based on sex and age, with the aim of regaining the marked rate of decline in aggression observed up to 2010.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina J Muñoz-Rivas
- Department of Biological and Health Psychology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia Redondo
- Department of Biological and Health Psychology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Olmos
- Department of Social Psychology and Methodology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Román Ronzón-Tirado
- Department of Biological and Health Psychology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Emezue CN, Dougherty DS, Enriquez M, Bullock L, Bloom TL. Perceptions of Risk for Dating Violence Among Rural Adolescent Males: An Interpretive Analysis. Am J Mens Health 2022; 16:15579883221126884. [PMID: 36305641 PMCID: PMC9619278 DOI: 10.1177/15579883221126884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
About one in eight U.S. high school students in Grades 9 to 12 report experiencing teen dating violence (TDV) in the form of physical, sexual, or psychological dating violence in the past year in person, on school grounds, and online. Compared with their urban counterparts, rural teens face nearly double the rate of physical dating abuse and an elevated risk of experiencing multiple forms of violence. Rural young males are exposed to regional masculinities and gender norms that may simultaneously promote female subordination (a prelude to dating violence) while impeding help-seeking intentions. We used an interpretive and dialectical approach grounded in Relational Dialectics Theory to explore how rural young males perceive and describe their own risk of experiencing and perpetrating dating violence and the factors contributing to their help-seeking intentions and behaviors. Data from three focus groups and individual interviews with 27 rural young males (ages 15-24) were collated. We identified two central dialectical themes described as (a) Social Tension Dialectics (subthemes include: Abusive vs. Unhealthy Relationships: A Dialectic of Language; #MeToo vs. #WeToo: A Dialectic of Victimhood; "It's All Country Boys": A Dialectic of Masculinity) and (b) Help-Seeking Dialectics demonstrating the dual roles Religion, School Guidance Counselors, Peer Mentors, and Social Cohesion play in promoting or preventing dating violence. Overall, we found dialectic tensions in rural youth risk perceptions about dating violence. These findings bear implications for advocates and practitioners working with rural youth in planning developmentally and culturally appropriate TDV prevention programs, offering policy and research-relevant insight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuka Nestor Emezue
- Department of Women, Children and Family Nursing, College of Nursing, Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA,Chuka Nestor Emezue, Assistant Professor, Department of Women, Children and Family Nursing, College of Nursing, Rush University, 600 S. Paulina Street, Chicago, IL 60612-3801, USA.
| | - Debbie S. Dougherty
- College of Arts and Science Communication, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Maithe Enriquez
- Sinclair School of Nursing, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Linda Bullock
- Sinclair School of Nursing, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA,School of Nursing, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Tina L. Bloom
- Women’s and Children’s Health, School of Nursing, Notre Dame of Maryland University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
de Anstiss H. Who are you going to talk to? Help-seeking for partner violence among refugee-background young women in Australia. AUSTRALIAN PSYCHOLOGIST 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00050067.2022.2110855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helena de Anstiss
- Justice & Society, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sianko N, McDonell JR, Small MA. Who to Tell? A Latent Class Analysis of Adolescents' Intentions to Disclose Dating Violence. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON CHILD MALTREATMENT : RESEARCH, POLICY AND PRACTICE 2022; 5:105-127. [PMID: 35224450 PMCID: PMC8871598 DOI: 10.1007/s42448-021-00098-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Adolescents' willingness to disclose violence in romantic relationships has important implications for their safety and overall well-being. However, research is limited on adolescent intentions to seek help for dating violence. Using self-report data from 493 rural youth (54% male, 49.7% African American), this study examined heterogeneity of adolescent help-seeking in relation to different forms of violence and sources of potential disclosure. Latent class analyses identified four distinct groups of adolescents: (a) Multi-help-seekers (20.5%) who are likely to seek help for any form of dating violence from multiple sources, (b) Reluctant help-seekers (21.1%) who are unlikely to seek help for any form of violence from any source, (c) Informal help-seekers (28.8%) who are willing to disclose dating violence primarily to caregivers and friends, and (d) Selective help-seekers (29.5%) with varied intentions to disclose some forms of violence to select people. Results further revealed that class membership was differentially related to gender and caregiver's level of education. Additionally, findings confirmed expectations that variation in adolescent well-being and safety measures was a function of membership in help-seeking classes. The article discusses these findings in the context of targeted programs and services to promote help-seeking among rural youth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natallia Sianko
- Department of Sociology, Anthropology and Criminal Justice, Clemson University, 321 Brackett Hall, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - James R. McDonell
- Institute on Family and Neighborhood Life, Clemson University, Clemson, USA
| | - Mark A. Small
- Department of Psychology, Clemson University, Clemson, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Durán-Martín E, Vives-Cases C, Otero-García L, Castellanos-Torres E, Sanz-Barbero B. Do we have friendly services to meet the needs of young women exposed to intimate partner violence in the Madrid region? Health Expect 2022; 25:1058-1068. [PMID: 35199409 PMCID: PMC9122426 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Women experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) do not tend to go very frequently to formal support services. The objective of this study is to identify barriers related to the accessibility, acceptability, equity, appropriateness and effectiveness of IPV services from the perspective of the professionals working in the IPV public services. Methods A qualitative study was carried out in the Madrid region based on 13 semi‐structured interviews of young women who had survived IPV as well as 17 interviews with professionals. A thematic content analysis was performed, guided by the dimensions proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for friendly services for young people. Results From the perspective of the young women and professionals, barriers were identified for all the dimensions of the WHO's friendly services for young people: accessibility: lack of information and support from the social setting, scarce dissemination of the services, economic cost, non‐adapted schedules, inadequate locations or lack of services in settings close to young people; acceptability: lack of protocols to guarantee confidentiality, lack of speed in the provision of services or their referral, unwelcoming environments or unsympathetic professional malpractice; equity: discriminatory professional attitudes towards groups with different social status and lack of protocols to ensure the care of these groups; appropriateness: unmet needs and lack of multidisciplinary teams; and effectiveness: shortage of time, resources, competent professionals, protocols and coordination. Conclusions Strategies are needed to make the necessary changes to promote friendly services for the care of young people exposed to IPV. Additionally, it must be emphasized that resources are needed to raise awareness and disseminate IPV services, as well as to train professionals in this area. Patient or Public Contribution This paper is based on professionals' perspectives of public IPV‐related services of different areas such as Psychology, Social Work, Nursing, Psychiatry, Social Education and young women exposed to IPV. They either work in the public administration at the local, regional or state level or in NGOs in Spain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Durán-Martín
- International Doctoral School, Universidad Nacional de Estudios a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Vives-Cases
- Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and the History of Science, Universitat d' Alacant, CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Otero-García
- Department of Nursing, Universdad Autónoma de Madrid, CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Belen Sanz-Barbero
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Health Carlos III, CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sianko N, Kunkel D. Longitudinal Patterns in Adolescent Intentions to Seek Help for Dating Violence: A Latent Transition Analysis. J Youth Adolesc 2022; 51:673-693. [PMID: 35092550 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-022-01569-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
As a persistent public health problem affecting thousands of adolescents every year, teen dating violence has been studied extensively. However, gaps remain in the knowledge on what adolescents think about seeking help for violence in a dating relationship and how these attitudes might change over time. This study adopts a longitudinal person-oriented approach to explore configurations of help-seeking preferences in a sample of rural adolescents (N at wave 1 = 580, Mage = 13 years, SD = 1.48; 52.7% female; 46.6% African American, 39.4% White, 14% Hispanic and other minorities), surveyed annually for four years, with each assessment approximately 12 months apart. Latent class analyses uncovered variation in adolescents' willingness to disclose dating violence, captured by six groups: (a) Multi-help-seekers (19%), (b) Reluctant help-seekers (15%), (c) Selective help-seekers (16%), (d) Parent confidants (11%), (e) Friends confidants (22%), and (f) Moderate help-seekers (17%). Follow-up analyses revealed that select sociodemographic characteristics (age, gender, and family income) were unevenly distributed among the identified groups, pointing to the need to account for individual and contextual influences in understanding heterogeneity in help-seeking attitudes. Latent transition models further showed that although individual membership in latent classes was generally stable between middle and high school, transitions between help-seeking classes were common as well. The article concludes by discussing these findings in the context of further research and programming to promote help-seeking among developing adolescents, including targeted strategies to address the needs of adolescents who think differently about disclosing dating abuse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natallia Sianko
- Department of Sociology, Anthropology & Criminal Justice, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA.
| | - Deborah Kunkel
- School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Choi YJ, Rai A, Cho H, Son E, An S, Yun SH. Help-Seeking Behaviors for Intimate Partner Violence Among College Students: Implications for Intimate Partner Violence Prevention and Intervention. VIOLENCE AND VICTIMS 2021; 36:548-564. [PMID: 34385283 DOI: 10.1891/vv-d-20-00124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study applied Andersen's Model of Health Service Use to examine help-seeking behaviors for intimate partner violence (IPV) and predisposing, enabling, and need factors for help-seeking among college students. The sample (N = 2,719) consisted of those who experienced IPV and was recruited from six universities in the United States and one university in Canada through an online survey. Results showed that 45.4% of the sample had sought some form of help for IPV. The most utilized source of formal help was from medical services, and friends were the number one source of informal help. Gender, age, sexual orientation (predisposing factors), IPV training (enabling factor), experiencing psychological and technological violence, and IPV consequences (need factors) were associated with seeking help. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Abha Rai
- Loyola University Chicago, Illinois
| | - Hyunkag Cho
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Esther Son
- College of Staten Island, The City University of New York, Staten Island, New York
| | - Soonok An
- North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, North Carolina
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Doucette H, Collibee C, Rizzo CJ. A Review of Parent- and Family-based Prevention Efforts for Adolescent Dating Violence. AGGRESSION AND VIOLENT BEHAVIOR 2021; 58:101548. [PMID: 33613079 PMCID: PMC7888980 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2021.101548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Prevention efforts for adolescent dating violence (ADV) have largely focused on adolescent-based interventions with little emphasis on parent- and family-based interventions, despite the integral role parents serve in adolescent relationship development. This literature review provides an overview of the existing parent- and family-based intervention efforts for ADV. This review highlights that some programs are geared toward a universal audience, whereas others are more targeted towards populations believed to be at greater risk for ADV. Some programs primarily target parents, whereas others integrate parent-based components into primarily adolescent-focused or comprehensive programs. Aspects to consider when selecting a program are discussed, as well as future directions. Suggested future directions involve broadening existing parent- and family-based programming for ADV to include a focus on secondary and tertiary prevention, gender differences, and gender and sexual minorities. This review also highlights the need for existing programs to expand their evaluation of behavioral outcomes and comparison of programs to one another.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Charlene Collibee
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Bradley Hasbro Children’s Research Center, Providence, RI, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|