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Alghamdi S, Khandelwal K, Pandit S, Roy A, Ray S, Alsaiari AA, Aljuaid A, Almehmadi M, Allahyani M, Sharma R, Anand J, Alshareef AA. Application of nanomaterials as potential quorum quenchers for disease: Recent advances and challenges. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 184:13-31. [PMID: 37666284 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2023.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Chemical signal molecules are used by bacteria to interact with one another. Small hormone-like molecules known as autoinducers are produced, released, detected, and responded to during chemical communication. Quorum Sensing (QS) is the word for this procedure; it allows bacterial populations to communicate and coordinate group behavior. Several research has been conducted on using inhibitors to prevent QS and minimize the detrimental consequences. Through the enzymatic breakdown of the autoinducer component, by preventing the formation of autoinducers, or by blocking their reception by adding some compounds (inhibitors) that can mimic the autoinducers, a technique known as "quorum quenching" (QQ) disrupts microbial communication. Numerous techniques, including colorimetry, electrochemistry, bioluminescence, chemiluminescence, fluorescence, chromatography-mass spectroscopy, and many more, can be used to test QS/QQ. They all permit quantitative and qualitative measurements of QS/QQ molecules. The mechanism of QS and QQ, as well as the use of QQ in the prevention of biofilms, are all elaborated upon in this writing, along with the fundamental study of nanoparticle (NP)in QQ. Q.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Alghamdi
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Krisha Khandelwal
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University Greater Noida, India
| | - Soumya Pandit
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University Greater Noida, India
| | - Arpita Roy
- Department of Biotechnology, Sharda School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India.
| | - Subhasree Ray
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University Greater Noida, India
| | - Ahad Amer Alsaiari
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulelah Aljuaid
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen Almehmadi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mamdouh Allahyani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jigisha Anand
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ahmad Adnan Alshareef
- Laboratory and Blood Bank Department, Alnoor Specialist Hospital, Ministry of Health, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Ruraż K, Przemieniecki SW, Błaszak M, Czarnomska SD, Ochmian I, Piwowarczyk R. Stigmas of holoparasitic Phelipanche arenaria (Orobanchaceae) - a suitable ephemeric flower habitat for development unique microbiome. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:486. [PMID: 37821804 PMCID: PMC10566107 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04488-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microbial communities have occasionally been observed in part of the ephemeric reproductive structure of floral stigmas, but their prevalence, phylogenetic diversity and ecological roles are understudied. This report describes the first study of bacterial and fungal communities in immature and mature stigma tissue of the endangered holoparasitic plant Phelipanche arenaria. Culture-dependent methods coupled with next-generation sequencing indicated that a small surface of the flower stigma was an unexpectedly rich and diverse microhabitat for colonization of microbial. We also compared the enzymatic activity of the bacterial communities between immature and mature stigmas samples. RESULTS Using high-throughput sequencing methods, we identified and classified 39 to over 51 OTUs per sample for bacterial OTUs represented by Pantoea agglomerans and P. ananatis, comprising 50.6%, followed by Pseudomonas, Luteibacter spp., Sphingomonas spp. with 17% of total frequency. The bacterial profile of immature stigmas of P. arenaria contained unique microorganisms (21 of the most numerous OTUs) that were not confirmed in mature stigmas. However, the enzymatic activity of bacteria in mature stigmas of P. arenaria showed more activity than observed in immature stigmas. In the fungal profile, we recorded even 80 OTUs in mature stigmas, consisting of Capnodiales 45.03% of the total abundance with 28.27% of frequency was created by Alternaria eichhorniae (10.55%), Mycosphaerella tassiana (9.69%), and Aureobasidium pullulans (8.03%). Additionally, numerous putative plant growth-promoting bacteria, fungal pathogens and pathogen-antagonistic yeasts were also detected. CONCLUSIONS Our study uncovered that P. arenaria stigmas host diverse bacterial and fungal communities. These microorganisms are well known and have been described as beneficial for biotechnological and environmental applications (e.g., production of different enzymes and antimicrobial compounds). This research provided valuable insight into the parasitic plant-microbe interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Ruraż
- Center for Research and Conservation of Biodiversity, Department of Environmental Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406, Kielce, Poland
| | - Sebastian Wojciech Przemieniecki
- Department of Entomology, Phytopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawocheńskiego 17, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Magdalena Błaszak
- Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Słowackiego 17, 71-434 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Sylwia Dagmara Czarnomska
- Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Nadwiślańska 108, 80-680 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ireneusz Ochmian
- Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Słowackiego 17, 71-434 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Renata Piwowarczyk
- Center for Research and Conservation of Biodiversity, Department of Environmental Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406, Kielce, Poland
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Abstract
Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC) strains are devastating plant pathogens distributed worldwide. The primary cell density-dependent gene expression system in RSSC strains is phc quorum sensing (QS). It regulates the expression of about 30% of all genes, including those related to cellular activity, primary and secondary metabolism, pathogenicity, and more. The phc regulatory elements encoded by the phcBSRQ operon and phcA gene play vital roles. RSSC strains use methyl 3-hydroxymyristate (3-OH MAME) or methyl 3-hydroxypalmitate (3-OH PAME) as the QS signal. Each type of RSSC strain has specificity in generating and receiving its QS signal, but their signaling pathways might not differ significantly. In this review, I describe the genetic and biochemical factors involved in QS signal input and the regulatory network and summarize control of the phc QS system, new cell-cell communications, and QS-dependent interactions with soil fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Kai
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan;
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Wang S, Hu M, Chen H, Li C, Xue Y, Song X, Qi Y, Liu F, Zhou X, Zhang LH, Zhou J. Pseudomonas forestsoilum sp. nov. and P. tohonis biocontrol bacterial wilt by quenching 3-hydroxypalmitic acid methyl ester. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1193297. [PMID: 37457350 PMCID: PMC10349395 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1193297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum ranks the second top important bacterial plant disease worldwide. It is also the most important bacterial disease threatening the healthy development of Casuarina equisetifolia protection forest. 3-hydroxypalmitic acid methyl ester (3-OH PAME) functions as an important quorum sensing (QS) signal regulating the expression of virulence genes in R. solanacearum, and has been regarded as an ideal target for disease prevention and control. To screen native microorganisms capable of degrading 3-OH PAME, samples of C. equisetifolia branches and forest soil were collected and cultured in the medium containing 3-OH PAME as the sole carbon source. Bacteria with over 85% degradation rates of 3-OH PAME after 7-day incubation were further separated and purified. As a result, strain Q1-7 isolated from forest soil and strain Q4-3 isolated from C. equisetifolia branches were obtained and identified as Pseudomonas novel species Pseudomonas forestsoilum sp. nov. and P. tohonis, respectively, according to whole genome sequencing results. The degradation efficiencies of 3-OH PAME of strains Q1-7 and Q4-3 were 95.80% and 100.00% at 48 h, respectively. Both strains showed high esterase activities and inhibited R. solanacearum exopolysaccharide (EPS) and cellulase production. Application of strains Q1-7 and Q4-3 effectively protects C. equisetifolia, peanut and tomato plants from infection by R. solanacearum. Findings in this study provide potential resources for the prevention and control of bacterial wilt caused by R. solanacearum, as well as valuable materials for the identification of downstream quenching genes and the research and development of quenching enzymes for disease control.
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Sharma A, Gupta AK, Devi B. Current trends in management of bacterial pathogens infecting plants. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2023; 116:303-326. [PMID: 36683073 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-023-01809-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Plants are continuously challenged by different pathogenic microbes that reduce the quality and quantity of produce and therefore pose a serious threat to food security. Among them bacterial pathogens are known to cause disease outbreaks with devastating economic losses in temperate, tropical and subtropical regions throughout the world. Bacteria are structurally simple prokaryotic microorganisms and are diverse from a metabolic standpoint. Bacterial infection process mainly involves successful attachment or penetration by using extracellular enzymes, type secretion systems, toxins, growth regulators and by exploiting different molecules that modulate plant defence resulting in successful colonization. Theses bacterial pathogens are extremely difficult to control as they develop resistance to antibiotics. Therefore, attempts are made to search for innovative methods of disease management by the targeting bacterial virulence and manipulating the genes in host plants by exploiting genome editing methods. Here, we review the recent developments in bacterial disease management including the bioactive antimicrobial compounds, bacteriophage therapy, quorum-quenching mediated control, nanoparticles and CRISPR/Cas based genome editing techniques for bacterial disease management. Future research should focus on implementation of smart delivery systems and consumer acceptance of these innovative methods for sustainable disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Sharma
- College of Horticulture and Forestry, Thunag- Mandi, Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173 230, India.
| | - A K Gupta
- Department of Plant Pathology, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173 230, India
| | - Banita Devi
- Department of Plant Pathology, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173 230, India
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Wang D, Cui F, Ren L, Li J, Li T. Quorum-quenching enzymes: Promising bioresources and their opportunities and challenges as alternative bacteriostatic agents in food industry. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:1104-1127. [PMID: 36636773 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The problems of spoilage, disease, and biofilm caused by bacterial quorum-sensing (QS) systems have posed a significant challenge to the development of the food industry. Quorum-quenching (QQ) enzymes can block QS by hydrolyzing or modifying the signal molecule, making these enzymes promising new candidates for use as antimicrobials. With many recent studies of QQ enzymes and their potential to target foodborne bacteria, an updated and systematic review is necessary. Thus, the goals of this review were to summarize what is known about the effects of bacterial QS on the food industry; discuss the current understanding of the catalytic mechanisms of QQ enzymes, including lactonase, acylase, and oxidoreductase; and describe strategies for the engineering and evolution of QQ enzymes for practical use. In particular, this review focuses on the latest progress in the application of QQ enzymes in the field of food. Finally, the current challenges limiting the systematic application of QQ enzymes in the food industry are discussed to help guide the future development of these important enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dangfeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, Bohai University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Fangchao Cui
- College of Food Science and Technology, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, Bohai University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Likun Ren
- College of Food Science and Technology, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, Bohai University, Jinzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, China
| | - Jianrong Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, Bohai University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Dalian Minzu University, Ministry of Education, Dalian, China
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New Strategy for Inducing Resistance against Bacterial Wilt Disease Using an Avirulent Strain of Ralstonia solanacearum. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10091814. [PMID: 36144416 PMCID: PMC9504442 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ralstonia solanacearum is one of the globally significant plant pathogens that infect a wide host range of economically important plants. A study was conducted to evaluate the hypothesis that an avirulent strain of R. solanacearum can act as a biocontrol mediator for managing potato bacterial wilt. Virulent R. solanacearum was isolated and identified (GenBank accession number; OP180100). The avirulent strain was obtained from the virulent strain through storage for 3 weeks until the development of deep red colonies. The virulent strain had higher lytic activity than the avirulent strain. Tubers' treatments by the avirulent strain of R. solanacearum, (supernatant, boiled supernatant, and dead cells) significantly reduced plant disease rating and increased the growth, physiological activities, and biomass of potato compared to the untreated, infected control. The major components detected by GC-MS in the supernatant revealed 10.86% palmitic acid (virulent), and 18.03% 1,3-dioxolane, 2,4,5-trimethyl- (avirulent), whereas the major component in the boiled supernatant was 2-hydroxy-gamma-butyrolactone in the virulent (21.17%) and avirulent (27.78%) strains. This is the first research that assessed the influence of boiled supernatant and dead cells of virulent and avirulent R.solanacearum strains in controlling bacterial wilt disease. Additional work is encouraged for further elucidation of such a topic.
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Song S, Sun X, Guo Q, Cui B, Zhu Y, Li X, Zhou J, Zhang LH, Deng Y. An anthranilic acid-responsive transcriptional regulator controls the physiology and pathogenicity of Ralstonia solanacearum. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010562. [PMID: 35617422 PMCID: PMC9176790 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) is widely employed by bacterial cells to control gene expression in a cell density-dependent manner. A previous study revealed that anthranilic acid from Ralstonia solanacearum plays a vital role in regulating the physiology and pathogenicity of R. solanacearum. We reported here that anthranilic acid controls the important biological functions and virulence of R. solanacearum through the receptor protein RaaR, which contains helix-turn-helix (HTH) and LysR substrate binding (LysR_substrate) domains. RaaR regulates the same processes as anthranilic acid, and both are present in various bacterial species. In addition, anthranilic acid-deficient mutant phenotypes were rescued by in trans expression of RaaR. Intriguingly, we found that anthranilic acid binds to the LysR_substrate domain of RaaR with high affinity, induces allosteric conformational changes, and then enhances the binding of RaaR to the promoter DNA regions of target genes. These findings indicate that the components of the anthranilic acid signaling system are distinguished from those of the typical QS systems. Together, our work presents a unique and widely conserved signaling system that might be an important new type of cell-to-cell communication system in bacteria. Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is one of the most widespread, harmful and destructive plant diseases in the world. Our previous study showed that the pathogenic bacterium R. solanacearum uses anthranilic acid to regulate the important biological functions, virulence and the production of quorum sensing signals. Here, we show that RaaR, a transcriptional regulator from R. solanacearum, was first identified to regulate the same phenotypes as anthranilic acid. Anthranilic acid binds to the LysR_substrate domain of RaaR and enhances the regulatory activity of RaaR to control the target gene expression, including the QS signal synthase encoding genes, phcB and solI. Both the anthranilic acid synthase TrpEG and the response regulator RaaR are present in diverse bacteria, suggesting that the anthranilic acid-type signaling system is widespread. Together, our work describes a system where a pathogen uses a single protein to control the bacterial physiology and pathogenesis by responding to anthranilic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihao Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- Integrative Microbiology Research Center, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuyun Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Quan Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Binbin Cui
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xia Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianuan Zhou
- Integrative Microbiology Research Center, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lian-Hui Zhang
- Integrative Microbiology Research Center, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinyue Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- * E-mail:
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Kumar S, Ahmad K, Behera SK, Nagrale DT, Chaurasia A, Yadav MK, Murmu S, Jha Y, Rajawat MVS, Malviya D, Singh UB, Shankar R, Tripathy M, Singh HV. Biocomputational Assessment of Natural Compounds as a Potent Inhibitor to Quorum Sensors in Ralstonia solanacearum. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27093034. [PMID: 35566383 PMCID: PMC9102662 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27093034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ralstonia solanacearum is among the most damaging bacterial phytopathogens with a wide number of hosts and a broad geographic distribution worldwide. The pathway of phenotype conversion (Phc) is operated by quorum-sensing signals and modulated through the (R)-methyl 3-hydroxypalmitate (3-OH PAME) in R. solanacearum. However, the molecular structures of the Phc pathway components are not yet established, and the structural consequences of 3-OH PAME on quorum sensing are not well studied. In this study, 3D structures of quorum-sensing proteins of the Phc pathway (PhcA and PhcR) were computationally modeled, followed by the virtual screening of the natural compounds library against the predicted active site residues of PhcA and PhcR proteins that could be employed in limiting signaling through 3-OH PAME. Two of the best scoring common ligands ZINC000014762512 and ZINC000011865192 for PhcA and PhcR were further analyzed utilizing orbital energies such as HOMO and LUMO, followed by molecular dynamics simulations of the complexes for 100 ns to determine the ligands binding stability. The findings indicate that ZINC000014762512 and ZINC000011865192 may be capable of inhibiting both PhcA and PhcR. We believe that, after further validation, these compounds may have the potential to disrupt bacterial quorum sensing and thus control this devastating phytopathogenic bacterial pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Mau 275103, India; (K.A.); (M.V.S.R.); (D.M.); (U.B.S.)
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India;
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (H.V.S.)
| | - Khurshid Ahmad
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Mau 275103, India; (K.A.); (M.V.S.R.); (D.M.); (U.B.S.)
| | - Santosh Kumar Behera
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad 382355, India;
| | - Dipak T. Nagrale
- ICAR-Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur 440010, India;
| | - Anurag Chaurasia
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi 221305, India;
| | - Manoj Kumar Yadav
- Department of Bioinformatics, SRM University, Sonepat 131029, India;
| | - Sneha Murmu
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India;
| | - Yachana Jha
- N. V. Patel College of Pure and Applied Sciences, S.P. University, Anand 388315, India;
| | - Mahendra Vikram Singh Rajawat
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Mau 275103, India; (K.A.); (M.V.S.R.); (D.M.); (U.B.S.)
| | - Deepti Malviya
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Mau 275103, India; (K.A.); (M.V.S.R.); (D.M.); (U.B.S.)
| | - Udai B. Singh
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Mau 275103, India; (K.A.); (M.V.S.R.); (D.M.); (U.B.S.)
| | - Raja Shankar
- ICAR-IIHR, Hessaraghatta Lake Post, Bengaluru 560089, India;
| | - Minaketan Tripathy
- Department of Pharmacy, Sitaram Kashyap College of Pharmacy, Rahod 495556, India;
| | - Harsh Vardhan Singh
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Mau 275103, India; (K.A.); (M.V.S.R.); (D.M.); (U.B.S.)
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (H.V.S.)
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Samrot AV, Abubakar Mohamed A, Faradjeva E, Si Jie L, Hooi Sze C, Arif A, Chuan Sean T, Norbert Michael E, Yeok Mun C, Xiao Qi N, Ling Mok P, Kumar SS. Mechanisms and Impact of Biofilms and Targeting of Biofilms Using Bioactive Compounds-A Review. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2021; 57:839. [PMID: 34441045 PMCID: PMC8401077 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57080839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Biofilms comprising aggregates of microorganisms or multicellular communities have been a major issue as they cause resistance against antimicrobial agents and biofouling. To date, numerous biofilm-forming microorganisms have been identified, which have been shown to result in major effects including biofouling and biofilm-related infections. Quorum sensing (which describes the cell communication within biofilms) plays a vital role in the regulation of biofilm formation and its virulence. As such, elucidating the various mechanisms responsible for biofilm resistance (including quorum sensing) will assist in developing strategies to inhibit and control the formation of biofilms in nature. Employing biological control measures (such as the use of bioactive compounds) in targeting biofilms is of great interest since they naturally possess antimicrobial activity among other favorable attributes and can also possibly act as potent antibiofilm agents. As an effort to re-establish the current notion and understanding of biofilms, the present review discuss the stages involved in biofilm formation, the factors contributing to its development, the effects of biofilms in various industries, and the use of various bioactive compounds and their strategies in biofilm inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony V. Samrot
- School of Bioscience, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jenjarom 42610, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.A.M.); (E.F.); (L.S.J.); (C.H.S.); (A.A.); (T.C.S.); (E.N.M.); (C.Y.M.); (N.X.Q.)
| | - Amira Abubakar Mohamed
- School of Bioscience, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jenjarom 42610, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.A.M.); (E.F.); (L.S.J.); (C.H.S.); (A.A.); (T.C.S.); (E.N.M.); (C.Y.M.); (N.X.Q.)
| | - Etel Faradjeva
- School of Bioscience, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jenjarom 42610, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.A.M.); (E.F.); (L.S.J.); (C.H.S.); (A.A.); (T.C.S.); (E.N.M.); (C.Y.M.); (N.X.Q.)
| | - Lee Si Jie
- School of Bioscience, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jenjarom 42610, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.A.M.); (E.F.); (L.S.J.); (C.H.S.); (A.A.); (T.C.S.); (E.N.M.); (C.Y.M.); (N.X.Q.)
| | - Chin Hooi Sze
- School of Bioscience, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jenjarom 42610, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.A.M.); (E.F.); (L.S.J.); (C.H.S.); (A.A.); (T.C.S.); (E.N.M.); (C.Y.M.); (N.X.Q.)
| | - Akasha Arif
- School of Bioscience, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jenjarom 42610, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.A.M.); (E.F.); (L.S.J.); (C.H.S.); (A.A.); (T.C.S.); (E.N.M.); (C.Y.M.); (N.X.Q.)
| | - Tan Chuan Sean
- School of Bioscience, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jenjarom 42610, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.A.M.); (E.F.); (L.S.J.); (C.H.S.); (A.A.); (T.C.S.); (E.N.M.); (C.Y.M.); (N.X.Q.)
| | - Emmanuel Norbert Michael
- School of Bioscience, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jenjarom 42610, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.A.M.); (E.F.); (L.S.J.); (C.H.S.); (A.A.); (T.C.S.); (E.N.M.); (C.Y.M.); (N.X.Q.)
| | - Chua Yeok Mun
- School of Bioscience, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jenjarom 42610, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.A.M.); (E.F.); (L.S.J.); (C.H.S.); (A.A.); (T.C.S.); (E.N.M.); (C.Y.M.); (N.X.Q.)
| | - Ng Xiao Qi
- School of Bioscience, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jenjarom 42610, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.A.M.); (E.F.); (L.S.J.); (C.H.S.); (A.A.); (T.C.S.); (E.N.M.); (C.Y.M.); (N.X.Q.)
| | - Pooi Ling Mok
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Suresh S. Kumar
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Agharam Road Selaiyur, Chennai 600 073, Tamil Nadu, India
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11
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Ulrich K, Kube M, Becker R, Schneck V, Ulrich A. Genomic Analysis of the Endophytic Stenotrophomonas Strain 169 Reveals Features Related to Plant-Growth Promotion and Stress Tolerance. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:687463. [PMID: 34220780 PMCID: PMC8245107 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.687463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-associated Stenotrophomonas isolates have great potential for plant growth promotion, especially under stress conditions, due to their ability to promote tolerance to abiotic stresses such as salinity or drought. The endophytic strain Stenotrophomonas sp. 169, isolated from a field-grown poplar, increased the growth of inoculated in vitro plants, with a particular effect on root development, and was able to stimulate the rooting of poplar cuttings in the greenhouse. The strain produced high amounts of the plant growth-stimulating hormone auxin under in vitro conditions. The comparison of the 16S rRNA gene sequences and the phylogenetic analysis of the core genomes showed a close relationship to Stenotrophomonas chelatiphaga and a clear separation from Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Whole genome sequence analysis revealed functional genes potentially associated with attachment and plant colonization, growth promotion, and stress protection. In detail, an extensive set of genes for twitching motility, chemotaxis, flagella biosynthesis, and the ability to form biofilms, which are connected with host plant colonization, could be identified in the genome of strain 169. The production of indole-3-acetic acid and the presence of genes for auxin biosynthesis pathways and the spermidine pathway could explain the ability to promote plant growth. Furthermore, the genome contained genes encoding for features related to the production of different osmoprotective molecules and enzymes mediating the regulation of stress tolerance and the ability of bacteria to quickly adapt to changing environments. Overall, the results of physiological tests and genome analysis demonstrated the capability of endophytic strain 169 to promote plant growth. In contrast to related species, strain 169 can be considered non-pathogenic and suitable for biotechnology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Ulrich
- Johann Heinrich von Thünen Institute, Institute of Forest Genetics, Waldsieversdorf, Germany
| | | | - Regina Becker
- Leibniz Center for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Volker Schneck
- Johann Heinrich von Thünen Institute, Institute of Forest Genetics, Waldsieversdorf, Germany
| | - Andreas Ulrich
- Leibniz Center for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Müncheberg, Germany
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12
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Bacterial Endophytes: The Hidden Actor in Plant Immune Responses against Biotic Stress. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10051012. [PMID: 34069509 PMCID: PMC8161118 DOI: 10.3390/plants10051012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial endophytes constitute an essential part of the plant microbiome and are described to promote plant health by different mechanisms. The close interaction with the host leads to important changes in the physiology of the plant. Although beneficial bacteria use the same entrance strategies as bacterial pathogens to colonize and enter the inner plant tissues, the host develops strategies to select and allow the entrance to specific genera of bacteria. In addition, endophytes may modify their own genome to adapt or avoid the defense machinery of the host. The present review gives an overview about bacterial endophytes inhabiting the phytosphere, their diversity, and the interaction with the host. Direct and indirect defenses promoted by the plant-endophyte symbiont exert an important role in controlling plant defenses against different stresses, and here, more specifically, is discussed the role against biotic stress. Defenses that should be considered are the emission of volatiles or antibiotic compounds, but also the induction of basal defenses and boosting plant immunity by priming defenses. The primed defenses may encompass pathogenesis-related protein genes (PR family), antioxidant enzymes, or changes in the secondary metabolism.
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13
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Marian M, Fujikawa T, Shimizu M. Genome analysis provides insights into the biocontrol ability of Mitsuaria sp. strain TWR114. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:3373-3388. [PMID: 33880605 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02327-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mitsuaria sp. TWR114 is a biocontrol agent against tomato bacterial wilt (TBW). We aimed to gain genomic insights relevant to the biocontrol mechanisms and colonization ability of this strain. The draft genome size was found to be 5,632,523 bp, with a GC content of 69.5%, assembled into 1144 scaffolds. Genome annotation predicted a total of 4675 protein coding sequences (CDSs), 914 pseudogenes, 49 transfer RNAs, 3 noncoding RNAs, and 2 ribosomal RNAs. Genome analysis identified multiple CDSs associated with various pathways for the metabolism and transport of amino acids and carbohydrates, motility and chemotactic capacities, protection against stresses (oxidative, antibiotic, and phage), production of secondary metabolites, peptidases, quorum-quenching enzymes, and indole-3-acetic acid, as well as protein secretion systems and their related appendages. The genome resource will extend our understanding of the genomic features related to TWR114's biocontrol and colonization abilities and facilitate its development as a new biopesticide against TBW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malek Marian
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.,College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami, Inashiki, Ibaraki, 300-0393, Japan
| | - Takashi Fujikawa
- Institute of Fruit Tree and Tea Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8605, Japan
| | - Masafumi Shimizu
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
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Yoshihara A, Shimatani M, Sakata M, Takemura C, Senuma W, Hikichi Y, Kai K. Quorum Sensing Inhibition Attenuates the Virulence of the Plant Pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum Species Complex. ACS Chem Biol 2020; 15:3050-3059. [PMID: 33172253 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.0c00752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Strains of Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC) cause "bacterial wilt" on a wide range of plant species and thus lead to marked economic losses in agriculture. Quorum sensing (QS), a bacterial cell-cell communication mechanism, controls the virulence of RSSC strains by regulating the production of extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) and secondary metabolites, biofilm formation, and cellular motility. R. solanacearum strain OE1-1 employs (R)-methyl 3-hydroxymyristate (3-OH MAME) as a QS signal, which is synthesized by the PhcB methyltransferase and sensed by the PhcS/PhcRQ two-component system. We describe the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of inhibitors of the phc QS system. Initial screening of a small set of QS signal analogues revealed that methyl 3-hydroxy-8-phenyloctanoate, named, PQI-1 (phc quorum sensing inhibitor-1), inhibited biofilm formation by strain OE1-1. To improve its inhibitory activity, the derivatives of PQI-1 were synthesized, and their QS inhibition activities were evaluated. PQIs-2-5 evolved from PQI-1 more strongly inhibited not only biofilm formation but also the production of ralfuranone and EPS. Furthermore, RNA-Seq analysis revealed that the PQIs effectively inhibited QS-dependent gene expression and repression in strain OE1-1. On the other hand, the PQIs did not affect the canonical QS systems of the representative reporter bacteria. These antagonists, especially PQI-5, reduced wilting symptoms of the tomato plants infected with strain OE1-1. Taken together, we suggest that targeting the phc QS system has potential for the development of chemicals that protect agricultural crops from bacterial wilt disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Yoshihara
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Mika Shimatani
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Megumi Sakata
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Chika Takemura
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology and Biotechnology, Kochi University, 200 Otsu, Monobe, Nanko-ku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan
| | - Wakana Senuma
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology and Biotechnology, Kochi University, 200 Otsu, Monobe, Nanko-ku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Hikichi
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology and Biotechnology, Kochi University, 200 Otsu, Monobe, Nanko-ku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan
| | - Kenji Kai
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
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15
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Duong B, Nguyen HX, Phan HV, Colella S, Trinh PQ, Hoang GT, Nguyen TT, Marraccini P, Lebrun M, Duponnois R. Identification and characterization of Vietnamese coffee bacterial endophytes displaying in vitro antifungal and nematicidal activities. Microbiol Res 2020; 242:126613. [PMID: 33070050 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2020.126613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The endophytic bacteria were isolated from coffee roots and seeds in Vietnam and identified with 16S rDNA sequencing as belonging to the Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria phyla with the Nocardia, Bacillus and Burkholderia as dominant genera, respectively. Out of the thirty genera recovered from Coffea canephora and Coffea liberica, twelve were reported for the first time in endophytic association with coffee including members of the genera Brachybacterium, Caballeronia, Kitasatospora, Lechevalieria, Leifsonia, Luteibacter, Lysinibacillus, Mycolicibacterium, Nakamurella, Paracoccus, Sinomonas and Sphingobium. A total of eighty bacterial endophytes were characterized in vitro for several plant growth promoting and biocontrol traits including: the phosphate solubilization, the indolic compounds, siderophores, HCN, esterase, lipase, gelatinase and chitinase production. A subset of fifty selected bacteria were tested for their potential as biocontrol agents with in vitro confrontations with the fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum as well as the coffee parasitic nematodes Radopholus duriophilus and Pratylenchus coffeae. The three most efficient isolates on F. oxysporum belonging to the Bacillus, Burkholderia, and Streptomyces genera displayed a growth inhibition rate higher than 40%. Finally, five isolates from the Bacillus genus were able to lead to 100% of mortality in 24 h on both R. duriophilus and P. coffeae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Duong
- LSTM, Univ. Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, SupAgro, Montpellier, France; LMI RICE-2, Univ. Montpellier, IRD, AGI, USTH, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
| | | | | | - Stefano Colella
- LSTM, Univ. Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, SupAgro, Montpellier, France.
| | - Phap Quang Trinh
- Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, VAST, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Graduate Univ. of Science and Technology, VAST, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
| | - Giang Thi Hoang
- LMI RICE-2, Univ. Montpellier, IRD, AGI, USTH, Hanoi, Viet Nam; National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Biotechnology, AGI, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
| | | | - Pierre Marraccini
- LMI RICE-2, Univ. Montpellier, IRD, AGI, USTH, Hanoi, Viet Nam; IPME, Univ. Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier, France.
| | - Michel Lebrun
- LSTM, Univ. Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, SupAgro, Montpellier, France; LMI RICE-2, Univ. Montpellier, IRD, AGI, USTH, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
| | - Robin Duponnois
- LSTM, Univ. Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, SupAgro, Montpellier, France.
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16
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Sowndarya J, Rubini D, Sinsinwar S, Senthilkumar M, Nithyanand P, Vadivel V. Gallic Acid an Agricultural Byproduct Modulates the Biofilm Matrix Exopolysaccharides of the Phytopathogen Ralstonia solanacearum. Curr Microbiol 2020; 77:3339-3354. [PMID: 32749521 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-020-02141-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Ralstonia solanacearum is a soil-borne plant pathogen which causes wilt disease in economically important crops of the Solanaceae family in tropical and temperate regions. As biofilm formation is the major virulence factor in R. solanacearum, research inputs are necessary to identify natural biofilm inhibitors to mitigate virulence of this bacterium. Hence in the present work, the anti-biofilm potential of phytochemical compound gallic acid (GA) isolated from an agricultural byproduct (cashewnut shell) was investigated. Initially the Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of crude extracts of cashewnut shell and coconut shell against R. solanacearum were investigated. The MIC of both the extracts were 400 µg/ml and their sub-MIC (200 µg/ml) inhibited biofilms in the range of 62-70% and 49-57%, respectively. As the cashewnut shell extract have higher biofilm inhibitory effect compared to coconut shell extract, we proceeded our further study by isolating the major compound GA from cashewnut shell by acid hydrolysate method. The sub-MIC of crude cashewnut shell extract inhibited 85% of young biofilms. The MIC of GA were observed at 3 mg/ml and sub-MIC (1.5 mg/ml) was found to eradicate 85% of mature biofilms which was confirmed by standard crystal violet assay and the biofilm reduction was further visualized under light microscopy and scanning electron microscopic images. Toxicity of GA was evaluated against R. solanacearum through XTT cell viability assay and found no antibacterial effect at sub-MIC. Additionally, it is confirmed with growth curve and time kill assays. Swimming and twitching motility were considered as an important virulence factors to invade plants and to block the xylem vessels. Therefore, sub-MIC of GA was found to inhibit both swimming and twitching motility of about 93% and 63% respectively. Anti-biofilm efficacy of GA was also worked well with tomato plant model where remarkable biofilm inhibition was found on treatment with GA before and after 24 h of infection with R. solanacearum. Hence GA will be an alternative, cheap source which is eco-friendly as well as novel source for the treatment of R. solanacearum biofilms and to prevent wilt disease in important crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jothipandiyan Sowndarya
- Biofilm Biology Laboratory, Anusandhan Kendra II, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, 613401, India
| | - Durairajan Rubini
- Biofilm Biology Laboratory, Anusandhan Kendra II, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, 613401, India
| | - Simran Sinsinwar
- Chemical Biology Laboratory (ASK II 409), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, 613401, India
| | - Murugaiyan Senthilkumar
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641003, India
| | - Paramasivam Nithyanand
- Biofilm Biology Laboratory, Anusandhan Kendra II, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, 613401, India.
| | - Vellingiri Vadivel
- Chemical Biology Laboratory (ASK II 409), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, 613401, India.
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17
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In Vitro Assessment of Biocontrol Effects on Fusarium Head Blight and Deoxynivalenol (DON) Accumulation by DON-Degrading Bacteria. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12060399. [PMID: 32560237 PMCID: PMC7354482 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12060399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB) of cereals is a severe disease caused by the Fusarium graminearum species complex. It leads to the accumulation of the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) in grains and other plant tissues and causes substantial economic losses throughout the world. DON is one of the most troublesome mycotoxins because it is a virulence factor to host plants, including wheat, and exhibits toxicity to plants and animals. To control both FHB and DON accumulation, a biological control approach using DON-degrading bacteria (DDBs) is promising. Here, we performed a disease control assay using an in vitro petri dish test composed of germinated wheat seeds inoculated with F. graminearum (Fg) and DDBs. Determination of both grown leaf lengths and hyphal lesion lengths as a measure of disease severity showed that the inoculation of seeds with the DDBs Devosia sp. strain NKJ1 and Nocardioides spp. strains SS3 or SS4 were protective against the leaf growth inhibition caused by Fg. Furthermore, it was as effective against DON accumulation. The inoculation with strains SS3 or SS4 also reduced the inhibitory effect on leaves treated with 10 µg mL-1 DON solution (without Fg). These results indicate that the DDBs partially suppress the disease by degrading DON.
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18
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Huedo P, Coves X, Daura X, Gibert I, Yero D. Quorum Sensing Signaling and Quenching in the Multidrug-Resistant Pathogen Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018; 8:122. [PMID: 29740543 PMCID: PMC5928129 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an opportunistic Gram-negative pathogen with increasing incidence in clinical settings. The most critical aspect of S. maltophilia is its frequent resistance to a majority of the antibiotics of clinical use. Quorum Sensing (QS) systems coordinate bacterial populations and act as major regulatory mechanisms of pathogenesis in both pure cultures and poly-microbial communities. Disruption of QS systems, a phenomenon known as Quorum Quenching (QQ), represents a new promising paradigm for the design of novel antimicrobial strategies. In this context, we review the main advances in the field of QS in S. maltophilia by paying special attention to Diffusible Signal Factor (DSF) signaling, Acyl Homoserine Lactone (AHL) responses and the controversial Ax21 system. Advances in the DSF system include regulatory aspects of DSF synthesis and perception by both rpf-1 and rpf-2 variant systems, as well as their reciprocal communication. Interaction via DSF of S. maltophilia with unrelated organisms including bacteria, yeast and plants is also considered. Finally, an overview of the different QQ mechanisms involving S. maltophilia as quencher and as object of quenching is presented, revealing the potential of this species for use in QQ applications. This review provides a comprehensive snapshot of the interconnected QS network that S. maltophilia uses to sense and respond to its surrounding biotic or abiotic environment. Understanding such cooperative and competitive communication mechanisms is essential for the design of effective anti QS strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pol Huedo
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Coves
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Daura
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isidre Gibert
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Yero
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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19
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Chen N, Yu B, Dong R, Lei J, Chen C, Cao B. RNA-Seq-derived identification of differential transcription in the eggplant (Solanum melongena) following inoculation with bacterial wilt. Gene 2018; 644:137-147. [PMID: 29104166 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Eggplant (Solanum melongena) is a major vegetable crop worldwide. However, it is susceptible to bacterial wilt (BW) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, which has become an important factor limiting eggplant yield and quality. The underlying mechanism of BW remains unknown. Here, RNA-sequencing was used to characterize the transcriptomes of resistant (R) and susceptible (S) strains before (R0, S0) and after (R1, S1) R. solanacearum inoculation. After the removal of low-quality sequences and assembly, 125,852 contigs, 122,508 transcripts, and 68,792 unigenes were identified, with 51,165 non-redundant unigenes annotated. Functional annotations were provided for 11,039 unigenes using four databases (NCBI Nr, Swissprot, KEGG and COG database). A total of 1137 and 9048 genes were found to be up- and down-regulated, respectively, in R0 relative to R1 samples, with 738 and 217 up- and down-regulated in S0 relative to R0 samples, 6087 and 5832 up- and down-regulated in S0 relative to S1 samples, and 4712 and 12,523 up- and down-regulated in S1 relative to R1 samples, respectively. In conclusion, our results provide useful insights into the potential mechanism of BW and are an important basis for further analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Chen
- College of Horticulture, South Agricultural University, Guangzhou City 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, PR China
| | - Bingwei Yu
- College of Horticulture, South Agricultural University, Guangzhou City 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, PR China
| | - Riyue Dong
- College of Horticulture, South Agricultural University, Guangzhou City 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, PR China
| | - Jianjun Lei
- College of Horticulture, South Agricultural University, Guangzhou City 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, PR China
| | - Changming Chen
- College of Horticulture, South Agricultural University, Guangzhou City 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, PR China
| | - Bihao Cao
- College of Horticulture, South Agricultural University, Guangzhou City 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, PR China.
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20
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Achari GA, Ramesh R. Characterization of quorum quenching enzymes from endophytic and rhizosphere colonizing bacteria. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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21
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Elhalag KM, Messiha NAS, Emara HM, Abdallah SA. Evaluation of antibacterial activity of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia against Ralstonia solanacearum under different application conditions. J Appl Microbiol 2016; 120:1629-45. [PMID: 26876282 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was the monitoring of different mechanisms involved in the antibacterial activity of the biocontrol agent, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (PD4560), against Ralstonia solanacearum in vitro and in vivo. Optimization of conditions that favour these mechanisms was the second target of this study. METHODS AND RESULTS Proteolytic activity of Sten. maltophilia (PD 4560), was tested on skimmed milk medium. The biocontrol agent was able to produce an alkaline serine protease enzyme with a molecular weight of 40 KDa as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analyses. Spraying of salicylic acid (SA) led to an increase in the efficacy of Sten. maltophilia in controlling the Ralstonia potato wilt while spraying of ammonium sulphate (AmS) did not affect the biocontrol efficacy. The efficacy was correlated with the expression of protease enzyme genes; Prt genes (mainly PrtP and Prt4) and PR genes (mainly PR-1 and PRQ) as evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis. CONCLUSIONS The biocontrol activity of Sten. maltophilia can be attributed to the direct mechanism alkaline serine proteolytic enzyme production and through induction of host systemic acquired resistance as indirect mechanism. Tuber bulking was the most suitable physiological growth stage to apply either SA or the biocontrol agent. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Both SA and peat-moss as an organic carrier enhanced the antibacterial efficiency of the biocontrol agent. Application of Sten. maltophilia is more suitable under alkaline soil conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Elhalag
- Bacterial Diseases Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
| | - N A S Messiha
- Bacterial Diseases Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
| | - H M Emara
- Faculty of Science, Botany Department, Benha University, Benha, Qalubia, Egypt
| | - S A Abdallah
- Faculty of Science, Botany Department, Benha University, Benha, Qalubia, Egypt
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