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Harning DJ, Sacco S, Anamthawat-Jónsson K, Ardenghi N, Thordarson T, Raberg JH, Sepúlveda J, Geirsdóttir Á, Shapiro B, Miller GH. Delayed postglacial colonization of Betula in Iceland and the circum North Atlantic. eLife 2023; 12:RP87749. [PMID: 37955570 PMCID: PMC10642962 DOI: 10.7554/elife.87749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
As the Arctic continues to warm, woody shrubs are expected to expand northward. This process, known as 'shrubification,' has important implications for regional biodiversity, food web structure, and high-latitude temperature amplification. While the future rate of shrubification remains poorly constrained, past records of plant immigration to newly deglaciated landscapes in the Arctic may serve as useful analogs. We provide one new postglacial Holocene sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) record of vascular plants from Iceland and place a second Iceland postglacial sedaDNA record on an improved geochronology; both show Salicaceae present shortly after deglaciation, whereas Betulaceae first appears more than 1000 y later. We find a similar pattern of delayed Betulaceae colonization in eight previously published postglacial sedaDNA records from across the glaciated circum North Atlantic. In nearly all cases, we find that Salicaceae colonizes earlier than Betulaceae and that Betulaceae colonization is increasingly delayed for locations farther from glacial-age woody plant refugia. These trends in Salicaceae and Betulaceae colonization are consistent with the plant families' environmental tolerances, species diversity, reproductive strategies, seed sizes, and soil preferences. As these reconstructions capture the efficiency of postglacial vascular plant migration during a past period of high-latitude warming, a similarly slow response of some woody shrubs to current warming in glaciated regions, and possibly non-glaciated tundra, may delay Arctic shrubification and future changes in the structure of tundra ecosystems and temperature amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harning
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado BoulderBoulderUnited States
| | - Samuel Sacco
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa CruzSanta CruzUnited States
| | | | - Nicolò Ardenghi
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado BoulderBoulderUnited States
| | - Thor Thordarson
- Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of IcelandReykjavikIceland
| | - Jonathan H Raberg
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado BoulderBoulderUnited States
| | - Julio Sepúlveda
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado BoulderBoulderUnited States
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Colorado BoulderBoulderUnited States
| | | | - Beth Shapiro
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa CruzSanta CruzUnited States
| | - Gifford H Miller
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado BoulderBoulderUnited States
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Colorado BoulderBoulderUnited States
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David AS, Hernandez DJ, Menges ES, Sclater VL, Afkhami ME, Searcy CA. Heterogeneous landscape promotes distinct microbial communities in an imperiled scrub ecosystem. Mycologia 2023; 115:739-748. [PMID: 37812522 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2023.2258268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Habitat heterogeneity is a key driver of biodiversity of macroorganisms, yet how heterogeneity structures belowground microbial communities is not well understood. Importantly, belowground microbial communities may respond to any number of abiotic, biotic, and spatial drivers found in heterogeneous environments. Here, we examine potential drivers of prokaryotic and fungal communities in soils across the heterogenous landscape of the imperiled Florida scrub, a pyrogenic ecosystem where slight differences in elevation lead to large changes in water and nutrient availability and vegetation composition. We employ a comprehensive, large-scale sampling design to characterize the communities of prokaryotes and fungi associated with three habitat types and two soil depths (crust and subterranean) to evaluate (i) differences in microbial communities across these heterogeneous habitats, (ii) the relative roles of abiotic, biotic, and spatial drivers in shaping community structure, and (iii) the distribution of fungal guilds across these habitats. We sequenced soils from 40 complete replicates of habitat × soil depth combinations and sequenced the prokaryotic 16S and fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions using Illumina MiSeq. Habitat heterogeneity generated distinct communities of soil prokaryotes and fungi. Spatial distance played a role in structuring crust communities, whereas subterranean microbial communities were primarily structured by the shrub community, whose roots they presumably interacted with. This result helps to explain the unexpected transition we observed between arbuscular mycorrhiza-dominated soils at low-elevation habitats to ectomycorrhiza-dominated soils at high-elevation habitats. Our results challenge previous notions of environmental determinism of microbial communities and generate new hypotheses regarding symbiotic relationships across heterogeneous environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron S David
- Archbold Biological Station, 123 Main Drive, Venus, Florida 33960
| | - Damian J Hernandez
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146
| | - Eric S Menges
- Archbold Biological Station, 123 Main Drive, Venus, Florida 33960
| | | | - Michelle E Afkhami
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146
| | - Christopher A Searcy
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146
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Blaschke M, Siemonsmeier A, Harjes J, Okach DO, Rambold G. Comparison of survey methods for fungi using metabarcoding and fruit body inventories in an altitudinal gradient. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:269. [PMID: 37354241 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03606-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Metabarcoding of environmental samples is nowadays an established method in biodiversity research. When it comes to studying fungal populations in various ecotypes, fruit body inventories are the traditional method to assess the diversity of fungal communities. In this study, both methods-metabarcoding of soil samples and a traditional fruit body inventory-were conducted on 144 sample plots in an altitudinal gradient in the Bavarian Forest (Germany) and the results were compared. Metabarcoding detected significantly more species than the traditional fruit body inventory. The majority of taxa recorded in the fruit body inventory belonged to the Basidiomycota, whereas in the metabarcoding data, the distribution of species between Basidiomycota and Ascomycota was approximately balanced. Species of several orders forming inconspicuous or hypogeous fruit bodies were detected only by metabarcoding, while several wood decomposers were recorded only in the fruit body inventory. The proportion of detected wood-colonising species with melanized spores was considerably higher with metabarcoding than with the fruit body inventory, where more than 70% of recorded wood-colonisers had hyaline spores. Based on the metabarcoding data, a decline of species richness with increasing altitude was evident, but this was not visible in the fruit body inventory data. Detrended correspondence analyses yielded similar results for relative species community similarities with both survey methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Blaschke
- Bavarian State Institute of Forestry, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 1, 85354, Freising, Germany.
| | - Angela Siemonsmeier
- Bavarian State Institute of Forestry, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 1, 85354, Freising, Germany
- University of Applied Forest Science Rottenburg, Schadenweilerhof, 72108, Rottenburg am Neckar, Germany
| | - Janno Harjes
- Department of Mycology, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Daniel O Okach
- Department of Mycology, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Gerhard Rambold
- Department of Mycology, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany.
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Guo Y, Ji L, Wang M, Shan C, Shen F, Yang Y, He G, Purahong W, Yang L. View from the Top: Insights into the Diversity and Community Assembly of Ectomycorrhizal and Saprotrophic Fungi along an Altitudinal Gradient in Chinese Boreal Larix gmelinii-Dominated Forests. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10101997. [PMID: 36296273 PMCID: PMC9607379 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10101997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The altitudinal patterns of soil fungi have attracted considerable attention; however, few studies have investigated the diversity and community assembly of fungal functional guilds along an altitudinal gradient. Here, we explored ectomycorrhizal (EcM) and saprotrophic (SAP) fungal diversity and community assembly along a 470 m vertical gradient (ranging from 830 to 1300 m) on Oakley Mountain, sampling bulk soils in the 0–10 cm and 10–20 cm soil layers of Larix gmelinii-dominated forests. Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the ITS genes was employed to explore the fungal community composition and diversity. The relative abundance of EcM and SAP fungi showed a divergent pattern along an altitudinal gradient, while we observed a consistent altitudinal tendency for EcM and SAP fungal diversity and community assembly. The diversity of both fungal guilds increased with increasing altitude. Altitude and soil moisture were the key factors affecting the community composition of both fungal guilds. In addition, the plant community composition significantly affected the EcM fungal community composition, whereas the dissolved organic nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen contents were the driving factors of SAP fungal community. Despite the effects of vegetation and soil factors, EcM and SAP fungal communities were mainly governed by stochastic processes (especially drift) at different altitudes and soil depths. These results shed new light on the ecology of different fungal functional guilds along an altitudinal gradient, which will provide a deeper understanding of the biogeography of soil fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Guo
- School of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Li Ji
- School of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Mingwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Chengfeng Shan
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Fangyuan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yuchun Yang
- Jilin Academy of Forestry, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Gongxiu He
- School of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
- Correspondence: (G.H.); (L.Y.); Tel.: +86-137-9661-1896 (L.Y.)
| | - Witoon Purahong
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Lixue Yang
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Correspondence: (G.H.); (L.Y.); Tel.: +86-137-9661-1896 (L.Y.)
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Fan Q, Yang Y, Geng Y, Wu Y, Niu Z. Biochemical composition and function of subalpine shrubland and meadow soil microbiomes in the Qilian Mountains, Qinghai-Tibetan plateau, China. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13188. [PMID: 35402098 PMCID: PMC8988934 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms participate in the soil biogeochemical cycle. Therefore, investigating variations in microbial biomass, composition, and functions can provide a reference for improving soil ecological quality due to the sensitivity of microorganisms to vegetation coverage changes. However, the differences in soil microorganisms between shrubland and meadow have not been investigated in ecologically vulnerable subalpine areas. This study aimed to investigate the biochemical composition and functions of the soil microbial community under two shrublands and a meadow at high altitudes (3,400-3,550 m). Three sites under two shrublands, Rhododendron thymifolium (RHO) and Potentilla fruticosa (POT), and one meadow dominated by Kobresia myosuroides (MEA), were selected on the southern slope of the Qilian Mountains on the northeastern edge of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China. Soil physicochemical properties, the microbial community composition expressed by the phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) biomarker, and enzyme activities were analyzed as well as their relationships. The results showed that water holding capacity and the soil carbon, nitrogen, and potassium content in RHO and POT were higher than those in the MEA. Moreover, the soil active carbon, dissolved organic carbon, total nitrogen, and dissolved total nitrogen content in RHO were higher than those in POT. The abundance of total PLFAs, bacteria, and fungi beneath the shrublands was considerably higher than that in the MEA. The PLFA abundance in RHO was significantly higher than that in POT. The fungal-to-bacterial ratio of RHO and POT was significantly higher than that in the MEA. The activities of β-glucosidase, cellobiohydrolase, and leucine aminopeptidase were the highest in RHO among the three vegetation types, followed by POT and MEA. The redundancy analysis indicated that the biochemical composition of the soil microorganisms and enzyme activities were driven by total nitrogen, dissolved organic carbon, water holding capacity, and soil organic carbon. Therefore, shrublands, which have higher biomass, can improve soil moisture status, increase soil carbon and nitrogen content (especially active carbon and active nitrogen), and further increase the abundance of total PLFAs, bacteria, and fungi. The increase of microbial biomass indirectly enhances the activity of relevant soil enzymes. The variations in PLFA abundance and enzyme activities can be attributed to shrub species, especially evergreen shrubs, which create more favorable conditions for soil microorganisms. This study provides a theoretical basis for investigating the soil biogeochemical cycle and a scientific basis for soil management and vegetation restoration in the subalpine regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyun Fan
- School of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuguo Yang
- School of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqing Geng
- School of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Youlin Wu
- Huzhu Tu Autonomous County Beishan Forest Farm, Haidong, Qinghai, China
| | - Zhanen Niu
- Huzhu Tu Autonomous County Beishan Forest Farm, Haidong, Qinghai, China
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6
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Alem D, Dejene T, Geml J, Oria-de-Rueda JA, Martín-Pinto P. Metabarcoding analysis of the soil fungal community to aid the conservation of underexplored church forests in Ethiopia. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4817. [PMID: 35314738 PMCID: PMC8938458 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08828-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Most of the Dry Afromontane forests in the northern part of Ethiopia are located around church territories and, hence, are called church forests. These forests are biodiversity islands and provide key ecosystem services to local communities. A previous study of church forest fungal species was based on sporocarp collections. However, to obtain a complete picture of the fungal community, the total fungal community present in the soil needs to be analyzed. This information is important to integrate church forests into global biodiversity conservation strategies and to understand what actions are required to conserve church forests and their biological components, including fungi, which are known for their exceptionally high diversity levels. We assessed soil fungal communities in three church forests using ITS2 rDNA metabarcoding. In total, 5152 fungal operational taxonomic units representing 16 fungal phyla were identified. Saprotrophs followed by ectomycorrhizal fungi and animal pathogens dominated fungal communities. Significant differences in diversity and richness were observed between forests. Non-metric multidimensional scaling confirmed that fungal community composition differed in each forest. The composition was influenced by climatic, edaphic, vegetation, and spatial variables. Linear relationships were found between tree basal area and the abundance of total fungi and trophic groups. Forest management strategies that consider cover, tree density, enrichment plantations of indigenous host tree species, and environmental factors would offer suitable habitats for fungal diversity, production, and function in these forest systems. The application of the baseline information obtained in this study could assist other countries with similar forest conservation issues due to deforestation and forest fragmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demelash Alem
- Sustainable Forest Management Research Institute, University of Valladolid, Avda. Madrid 44, 34071, Palencia, Spain.,Ethiopian Environment and Forest Research Institute (EEFRI), P. O. Box 30708, 1000, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Tatek Dejene
- Sustainable Forest Management Research Institute, University of Valladolid, Avda. Madrid 44, 34071, Palencia, Spain.,Ethiopian Environment and Forest Research Institute (EEFRI), P. O. Box 30708, 1000, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - József Geml
- MTA-EKE Lendület Environmental Microbiome Research Group, Eszterházy Károly University, Leányka u. 6, 3300, Eger, Hungary
| | - Juan Andrés Oria-de-Rueda
- Sustainable Forest Management Research Institute, University of Valladolid, Avda. Madrid 44, 34071, Palencia, Spain
| | - Pablo Martín-Pinto
- Sustainable Forest Management Research Institute, University of Valladolid, Avda. Madrid 44, 34071, Palencia, Spain.
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Rodríguez-Berbel N, Soria R, Ortega R, Lucas-Borja ME, Miralles I. Benefits of applying organic amendments from recycled wastes for fungal community growth in restored soils of a limestone quarry in a semiarid environment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:151226. [PMID: 34717990 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Applying organic amendments to recover physical, chemical, and biological qualities of soil may enable recovery of soils degraded by mining in semiarid climates. This study's aim was to investigate the development and changes in the composition of fungal communities in restored soils with five different types of organic amendments (two types of vegetable compost and sewage sludge compost, and a mixture of both) compared with unamended soils and surrounding natural soils and to examine the relationships between the fungal taxa, the new physico-chemical and biological soil properties of technosoils after 18 months of restoration, and natural soils. Restoration improved soil quality and fungal diversity, placing these soils in an intermediate position between unrestored soils (with no fungi present) and undisturbed reference soils, which were the most fungal diverse. Sewage-treated soils and their mixtures showed high nitrogen and carbohydrate content as well as high basal respiration and fatty acid content, suggesting that they provided readily biodegradable organic matter. In contrast, greenhouse compost-treated soils showed high total organic carbon and polyphenol content, whereas garden compost-treated soils showed intermediate values. The biological soil properties of both composts showed were similar to those of the reference soils, suggesting that composts contained more resilient organic matter. Organic amendments of dissimilar origin caused significantly different fungal soil communities at the genus level among the restored soils. Results indicated that soil pH, electrical conductivity, total nitrogen content, soil basal respiration, fungi/bacteria-PLFA ratio, and dehydrogenase and β-glucosidase activities, together with Pearson's correlations, revealed that these properties and nutrient content (total organic carbon, C/N ratio, carbohydrates, and polyphenols) influenced 40 soil fungal taxa. Therefore, the organic amendments led to changes in soil properties that favoured plant cover by promoting the soil fungal community growth beneficial to the carbon cycle and symbiotic with plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Rodríguez-Berbel
- Department of Agronomy & Center for Intensive Mediterranean Agrosystems and Agri-food Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL), University of Almeria, E-04120 Almería, Spain
| | - R Soria
- Department of Agronomy & Center for Intensive Mediterranean Agrosystems and Agri-food Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL), University of Almeria, E-04120 Almería, Spain
| | - R Ortega
- Department of Agronomy & Center for Intensive Mediterranean Agrosystems and Agri-food Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL), University of Almeria, E-04120 Almería, Spain
| | - M E Lucas-Borja
- Higher Technical School of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering, Castilla-La Mancha University, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - I Miralles
- Department of Agronomy & Center for Intensive Mediterranean Agrosystems and Agri-food Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL), University of Almeria, E-04120 Almería, Spain.
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Zhang W, Bahadur A, Sajjad W, Wu X, Zhang G, Liu G, Chen T. Seasonal Variation in Fungal Community Composition Associated with Tamarix chinensis Roots in the Coastal Saline Soil of Bohai Bay, China. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2021; 82:652-665. [PMID: 33598747 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-021-01680-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Coastal salinity typically alters the soil microbial communities, which subsequently affect the biogeochemical cycle of nutrients in the soil. The seasonal variation of the soil fungal communities in the coastal area, closely associated with plant population, is poorly understood. This study provides an insight into the fungal community's variations from autumn to winter and spring to summer at a well-populated area of salt-tolerant Tamarix chinensis and beach. The richness and diversity of fungal community were higher in the spring season and lower in the winter season, as showed by high throughput sequencing of the 18S rRNA gene. Ascomycota was the predominant phylum reported in all samples across the region, and higher difference was reported at order level across the seasonal variations. The redundancy analysis suggested that the abundance and diversity of fungal communities in different seasons are mainly correlated to total organic carbon and total nitrogen. Additionally, the saprotrophic and pathotrophic fungi decreased while symbiotic fungi increased in the autumn season. This study provides a pattern of seasonal variation in fungal community composition that further broadens our limited understanding of how the density of the salt-tolerant T. chinensis population of the coastal saline soil could respond to their seasonal variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Ali Bahadur
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Wasim Sajjad
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiukun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Gaosen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Guangxiu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China.
| | - Tuo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Yang W, Jeelani N, Cai A, Cheng X, An S. Coastal reclamation alters soil microbial communities following different land use patterns in the Eastern coastal zone of China. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7265. [PMID: 33790383 PMCID: PMC8012362 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86758-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Coastal reclamation seriously disturbs coastal wetland ecosystems, while its influences on soil microbial communities remain unclear. In this study, we examined the impacts of coastal reclamation on soil microbial communities based on phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) analysis following the conversion of Phragmites australis wetlands to different land use types. Coastal reclamation enhanced total soil microbial biomass and various species (i.e., gram-positive bacterial, actinomycete, saturated straight-chain, and branched PLFA) following the conversion of P. australis wetland to aquaculture pond, wheat, and oilseed rape fields. In contrast, it greatly decreased total soil microbial biomass and various species following the conversion of P. australis wetland to town construction land. Coastal reclamation reduced fungal:bacterial PLFA, monounsaturated:branched PLFA ratios, whereas increasing gram-positive:gram-negative PLFA ratio following the conversion of P. australis wetland to other land use types. Our study suggested that coastal reclamation shifted soil microbial communities by altering microbial biomass and community composition. These changes were driven primarily by variations in soil nutrient substrates and physiochemical properties. Changes in soil microbial communities following coastal reclamation impacted the decomposition and accumulation of soil carbon and nitrogen, with potential modification of carbon and nitrogen sinks in the ecosystems, with potential feedbacks in response to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, No. 620 West Chang'an St., Chang'an Dist., Xi'an, 710119, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Nasreen Jeelani
- School of Life Sciences and Institute of Wetland Ecology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Andong Cai
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 10081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Cheng
- School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shuqing An
- School of Life Sciences and Institute of Wetland Ecology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
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10
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Looby CI, Martin PH. Diversity and function of soil microbes on montane gradients: the state of knowledge in a changing world. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2021; 96:5891232. [PMID: 32780840 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiaa122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mountains have a long history in the study of diversity. Like macroscopic taxa, soil microbes are hypothesized to be strongly structured by montane gradients, and recently there has been important progress in understanding how microbes are shaped by these conditions. Here, we summarize this literature and synthesize patterns of microbial diversity on mountains. Unlike flora and fauna that often display a mid-elevation peak in diversity, we found a decline (34% of the time) or no trend (33%) in total microbial diversity with increasing elevation. Diversity of functional groups also varied with elevation (e.g. saprotrophic fungi declined 83% of the time). Most studies (82%) found that climate and soils (especially pH) were the primary mechanisms driving shifts in composition, and drivers differed across taxa-fungi were mostly determined by climate, while bacteria (48%) and archaea (71%) were structured primarily by soils. We hypothesize that the central role of soils-which can vary independently of other abiotic and geographic gradients-in structuring microbial communities weakens diversity patterns expected on montane gradients. Moving forward, we need improved cross-study comparability of microbial diversity indices (i.e. standardizing sequencing) and more geographic replication using experiments to broaden our knowledge of microbial biogeography on global gradients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin I Looby
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Patrick H Martin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, USA
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Arraiano-Castilho R, Bidartondo MI, Niskanen T, Clarkson JJ, Brunner I, Zimmermann S, Senn-Irlet B, Frey B, Peintner U, Mrak T, Suz LM. Habitat specialisation controls ectomycorrhizal fungi above the treeline in the European Alps. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 229:2901-2916. [PMID: 33107606 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Alpine habitats are one of the most vulnerable ecosystems to environmental change, however, little information is known about the drivers of plant-fungal interactions in these ecosystems and their resilience to climate change. We investigated the influence of the main drivers of ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungal communities along elevation and environmental gradients in the alpine zone of the European Alps and measured their degree of specialisation using network analysis. We sampled ectomycorrhizas of Dryas octopetala, Bistorta vivipara and Salix herbacea, and soil fungal communities at 28 locations across five countries, from the treeline to the nival zone. We found that: (1) EM fungal community composition, but not richness, changes along elevation, (2) there is no strong evidence of host specialisation, however, EM fungal networks in the alpine zone and within these, EM fungi associated with snowbed communities, are more specialised than in other alpine habitats, (3) plant host population structure does not influence EM fungal communities, and (4) most variability in EM fungal communities is explained by fine-scale changes in edaphic properties, like soil pH and total nitrogen. The higher specialisation and narrower ecological niches of these plant-fungal interactions in snowbed habitats make these habitats particularly vulnerable to environmental change in alpine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Arraiano-Castilho
- Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, TW9 3DS, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Martin I Bidartondo
- Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, TW9 3DS, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Tuula Niskanen
- Identification and Naming, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, TW9 3DS, UK
| | - James J Clarkson
- Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, TW9 3DS, UK
| | - Ivano Brunner
- Forest Soils and Biogeochemistry, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, 8903, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Zimmermann
- Forest Soils and Biogeochemistry, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, 8903, Switzerland
| | - Beatrice Senn-Irlet
- Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, 8903, Switzerland
| | - Beat Frey
- Forest Soils and Biogeochemistry, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, 8903, Switzerland
| | - Ursula Peintner
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25d, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Tanja Mrak
- Slovenian Forestry Institute, Večna pot 2, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
| | - Laura M Suz
- Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, TW9 3DS, UK
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12
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Lyons KG, Mann M, Lenihan M, Roybal O, Carroll K, Reynoso K, Kivlin SN, Taylor DL, Rudgers JA. Culturable root endophyte communities are shaped by both warming and plant host identity in the Rocky Mountains, USA. FUNGAL ECOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2020.101002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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13
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Mod HK, Scherrer D, Di Cola V, Broennimann O, Blandenier Q, Breiner FT, Buri A, Goudet J, Guex N, Lara E, Mitchell EAD, Niculita‐Hirzel H, Pagni M, Pellissier L, Pinto‐Figueroa E, Sanders IR, Schmidt BR, Seppey CVW, Singer D, Ursenbacher S, Yashiro E, van der Meer JR, Guisan A. Greater topoclimatic control of above- versus below-ground communities. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2020; 26:6715-6728. [PMID: 32866994 PMCID: PMC7756268 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Assessing the degree to which climate explains the spatial distributions of different taxonomic and functional groups is essential for anticipating the effects of climate change on ecosystems. Most effort so far has focused on above-ground organisms, which offer only a partial view on the response of biodiversity to environmental gradients. Here including both above- and below-ground organisms, we quantified the degree of topoclimatic control on the occurrence patterns of >1,500 taxa and phylotypes along a c. 3,000 m elevation gradient, by fitting species distribution models. Higher model performances for animals and plants than for soil microbes (fungi, bacteria and protists) suggest that the direct influence of topoclimate is stronger on above-ground species than on below-ground microorganisms. Accordingly, direct climate change effects are predicted to be stronger for above-ground than for below-ground taxa, whereas factors expressing local soil microclimate and geochemistry are likely more important to explain and forecast the occurrence patterns of soil microbiota. Detailed mapping and future scenarios of soil microclimate and microhabitats, together with comparative studies of interacting and ecologically dependent above- and below-ground biota, are thus needed to understand and realistically forecast the future distribution of ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi K. Mod
- Department of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- Department of Geosciences and GeographyUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Daniel Scherrer
- Department of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSLBirmensdorfSwitzerland
| | - Valeria Di Cola
- Department of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Olivier Broennimann
- Department of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- Institute of Earth Surface DynamicsUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Quentin Blandenier
- Laboratory of Soil BiodiversityInstitute of BiologyUniversity of NeuchâtelNeuchâtelSwitzerland
- Real Jardín BotánicoCSICMadridSpain
| | - Frank T. Breiner
- Department of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Aline Buri
- Institute of Earth Surface DynamicsUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Jérôme Goudet
- Department of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- Swiss Institute of BioinformaticsUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Nicolas Guex
- Bioinformatics Competence CenterUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- Vital‐IT GroupSwiss Institute of BioinformaticsLausanneSwitzerland
| | | | - Edward A. D. Mitchell
- Laboratory of Soil BiodiversityInstitute of BiologyUniversity of NeuchâtelNeuchâtelSwitzerland
- Jardin Botanique de NeuchâtelNeuchâtelSwitzerland
| | - Hélène Niculita‐Hirzel
- Department of Occupational Health and EnvironmentCenter for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté)University of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Marco Pagni
- Vital‐IT GroupSwiss Institute of BioinformaticsLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Loïc Pellissier
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSLBirmensdorfSwitzerland
- Landscape EcologyDepartment of Environmental Systems ScienceETH ZürichZürichSwitzerland
| | | | - Ian R. Sanders
- Department of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Benedikt R. Schmidt
- Info Fauna KarchNeuchâtelSwitzerland
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental StudiesUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | | | - David Singer
- Laboratory of Soil BiodiversityInstitute of BiologyUniversity of NeuchâtelNeuchâtelSwitzerland
- Department of ZoologyInstitute of BiosciencesUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Sylvain Ursenbacher
- Info Fauna KarchNeuchâtelSwitzerland
- Department of Environmental SciencesSection of Conservation BiologyUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Erika Yashiro
- Department of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- Department of Fundamental MicrobiologyUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Jan R. van der Meer
- Department of Fundamental MicrobiologyUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Antoine Guisan
- Department of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- Institute of Earth Surface DynamicsUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
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14
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Arraiano-Castilho R, Bidartondo M, Niskanen T, Zimmermann S, Frey B, Brunner I, Senn-Irlet B, Hörandl E, Gramlich S, Suz L. Plant-fungal interactions in hybrid zones: Ectomycorrhizal communities of willows (Salix) in an alpine glacier forefield. FUNGAL ECOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2020.100936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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15
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Hao T, Guillera-Arroita G, May TW, Lahoz-Monfort JJ, Elith J. Using Species Distribution Models For Fungi. FUNGAL BIOL REV 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbr.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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16
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Ding L, Shang Y, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Li S, Wei X, Zhang Y, Song X, Chen X, Liu J, Yang F, Yang X, Zou C, Wang P. Disentangling the effects of driving forces on soil bacterial and fungal communities under shrub encroachment on the Guizhou Plateau of China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 709:136207. [PMID: 31887509 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Global shrub encroachment (SE) affects the structure and function of grassland ecosystem. The effects of SE on plant and soil abiotic properties have been well studied; however, little is known about the extent to which driving forces structure soil microbes under SE, especially in subalpine regions of the Guizhou Plateau of China, which is undergoing progressive SE. We investigated the plant factors (viz, plant diversity and relative shrub cover), soil physicochemical properties, enzymatic activities, and microbial communities, quantified microbial element limitations under three encroachment stages, and disentangled the effects sizes of the factors that structure the diversity and composition of soil microbial communities. Redundancy analysis showed that soil factors made a greater contribution than plant factors to shaping the diversity and composition of the soil bacterial community, soil chemical factors made a greater contribution than physical factors both to structuring the diversity and composition of the soil bacterial community and to structuring the composition of the soil fungal community; and soil nutrient stoichiometry made a greater contribution than soil nutrient content to shaping soil bacterial community's diversity and fungal community's composition. In contrast, soil nutrient content made a greater contribution than soil nutrient stoichiometry to shaping the soil bacterial community's composition. The decrease in bacterial community's diversity observed under SE was attributable to increases in the carbon and nitrogen limitations consequent to SE, and the nitrogen limitation had a greater contribution to the soil bacterial community's diversity and composition than did the carbon limitation. These findings provide updated knowledge of the driving forces shaping the diversity and composition of soil microbial communities, which could be crucial for improving microbial prediction models and revealing the element cycling that occurs in SE biomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Ding
- Guizhou Institution of Prataculture, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, Guizhou, China
| | - Yishun Shang
- Guizhou Institution of Prataculture, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, Guizhou, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Guizhou Institution of Prataculture, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, Guizhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Guizhou Institution of Prataculture, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, Guizhou, China
| | - Shige Li
- Guizhou Institution of Prataculture, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, Guizhou, China
| | - Xin Wei
- Guizhou Institution of Prataculture, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, Guizhou, China
| | - Yujun Zhang
- Guizhou Institution of Prataculture, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, Guizhou, China
| | - Xuelian Song
- Guizhou Institution of Prataculture, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, Guizhou, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Guizhou Institution of Prataculture, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, Guizhou, China
| | - Jiajia Liu
- Guizhou Institution of Prataculture, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, Guizhou, China
| | - Fuli Yang
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550006, Guizhou, China
| | - Xuedong Yang
- Guizhou Grassland Technology Spread Station, Guiyang 550006, Guizhou, China; College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550006, Guizhou, China
| | - Chao Zou
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550006, Guizhou, China
| | - Puchang Wang
- Guizhou Institution of Prataculture, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, Guizhou, China; College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550006, Guizhou, China.
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17
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Farrer EC, Porazinska DL, Spasojevic MJ, King AJ, Bueno de Mesquita CP, Sartwell SA, Smith JG, White CT, Schmidt SK, Suding KN. Soil Microbial Networks Shift Across a High-Elevation Successional Gradient. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2887. [PMID: 31921064 PMCID: PMC6930148 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
While it is well established that microbial composition and diversity shift along environmental gradients, how interactions among microbes change is poorly understood. Here, we tested how community structure and species interactions among diverse groups of soil microbes (bacteria, fungi, non-fungal eukaryotes) change across a fundamental ecological gradient, succession. Our study system is a high-elevation alpine ecosystem that exhibits variability in successional stage due to topography and harsh environmental conditions. We used hierarchical Bayesian joint distribution modeling to remove the influence of environmental covariates on species distributions and generated interaction networks using the residual species-to-species variance-covariance matrix. We hypothesized that as ecological succession proceeds, diversity will increase, species composition will change, and soil microbial networks will become more complex. As expected, we found that diversity of most taxonomic groups increased over succession, and species composition changed considerably. Interestingly, and contrary to our hypothesis, interaction networks became less complex over succession (fewer interactions per taxon). Interactions between photosynthetic microbes and any other organism became less frequent over the gradient, whereas interactions between plants or soil microfauna and any other organism were more abundant in late succession. Results demonstrate that patterns in diversity and composition do not necessarily relate to patterns in network complexity and suggest that network analyses provide new insight into the ecology of highly diverse, microscopic communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily C. Farrer
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Dorota L. Porazinska
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Marko J. Spasojevic
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Andrew J. King
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- King Ecological Consulting, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Clifton P. Bueno de Mesquita
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Samuel A. Sartwell
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Jane G. Smith
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Caitlin T. White
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Steven K. Schmidt
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Katharine N. Suding
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
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18
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Yang W, Zhang D, Cai X, Xia L, Luo Y, Cheng X, An S. Significant alterations in soil fungal communities along a chronosequence of Spartina alterniflora invasion in a Chinese Yellow Sea coastal wetland. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 693:133548. [PMID: 31369894 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Plant invasion typically alters the microbial communities of soils, which affects ecosystem carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles. The responses of the soil fungal communities to plant invasion along its chronosequence remain poorly understood. For this study, we investigated variations in soil fungal communities through Illumina MiSeq sequencing analyses of the fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), along a chronosequence (i.e., 9-, 13-, 20- and 23-year-old) of invasive Spartina alterniflora. We compared these variations with those of bare flat in a Chinese Yellow Sea coastal wetland. Our results highlighted that the abundance of soil fungi, the number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs), species richness, and Shannon diversity indices for soil fungal communities were highest in 9-year-old S. alterniflora soil, which gradually declined along the invasion chronosequence. The relative abundance of copiotrophic Basidiomycota revealed significant decreasing trend, while the relative abundance of oligotrophic Ascomycota gradually increased along the S. alterniflora invasion chronosequence. The relative abundance of soil saprotrophic fungi (e.g., undefined saprotrophs) was gradually reduced while symbiotic fungi (e.g., ectomycorrhizal fungi) and pathotrophic fungi (e.g., plant and animal pathogens) progressively increased along the S. alterniflora invasion chronosequence. Our results suggested that S. alterniflora invasion significantly altered soil fungal abundance and diversity, community composition, trophic modes, and functional groups along a chronosequence, via substantially reduced soil litter inputs, and gradually decreased soil pH, moisture, and soil nutrient substrates along the invasion chronosequence, from 9 to 23 years. These changes in soil fungal communities, particularly their trophic modes and functional groups along the S. alterniflora invasion chronosequence could well impact the decomposition and accumulation of soil C and N, while potentially altering ecosystem C and N sinks in a Chinese Yellow Sea coastal wetland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, PR China.
| | - Di Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, PR China
| | - Xinwen Cai
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, PR China
| | - Lu Xia
- School of Life Science and Institute of Wetland Ecology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Yiqi Luo
- Center for Ecosystem Science and Society (Ecoss), Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
| | - Xiaoli Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
| | - Shuqing An
- School of Life Science and Institute of Wetland Ecology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
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19
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Collins CG, Bohner TF, Diez JM. Plant-Soil Feedbacks and Facilitation Influence the Demography of Herbaceous Alpine Species in Response to Woody Plant Range Expansion. Front Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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