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Fuertes-Aguilar J, Matilla AJ. Transcriptional Control of Seed Life: New Insights into the Role of the NAC Family. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5369. [PMID: 38791407 PMCID: PMC11121595 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) regulate gene expression by binding to specific sequences on DNA through their DNA-binding domain (DBD), a universal process. This update conveys information about the diverse roles of TFs, focusing on the NACs (NAM-ATAF-CUC), in regulating target-gene expression and influencing various aspects of plant biology. NAC TFs appeared before the emergence of land plants. The NAC family constitutes a diverse group of plant-specific TFs found in mosses, conifers, monocots, and eudicots. This update discusses the evolutionary origins of plant NAC genes/proteins from green algae to their crucial roles in plant development and stress response across various plant species. From mosses and lycophytes to various angiosperms, the number of NAC proteins increases significantly, suggesting a gradual evolution from basal streptophytic green algae. NAC TFs play a critical role in enhancing abiotic stress tolerance, with their function conserved in angiosperms. Furthermore, the modular organization of NACs, their dimeric function, and their localization within cellular compartments contribute to their functional versatility and complexity. While most NAC TFs are nuclear-localized and active, a subset is found in other cellular compartments, indicating inactive forms until specific cues trigger their translocation to the nucleus. Additionally, it highlights their involvement in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced programmed cell death (PCD) by activating the vacuolar processing enzyme (VPE) gene. Moreover, this update provides a comprehensive overview of the diverse roles of NAC TFs in plants, including their participation in ER stress responses, leaf senescence (LS), and growth and development. Notably, NACs exhibit correlations with various phytohormones (i.e., ABA, GAs, CK, IAA, JA, and SA), and several NAC genes are inducible by them, influencing a broad spectrum of biological processes. The study of the spatiotemporal expression patterns provides insights into when and where specific NAC genes are active, shedding light on their metabolic contributions. Likewise, this review emphasizes the significance of NAC TFs in transcriptional modules, seed reserve accumulation, and regulation of seed dormancy and germination. Overall, it effectively communicates the intricate and essential functions of NAC TFs in plant biology. Finally, from an evolutionary standpoint, a phylogenetic analysis suggests that it is highly probable that the WRKY family is evolutionarily older than the NAC family.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angel J. Matilla
- Departamento de Biología Funcional, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 14971 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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2
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Zhang H, Liu Z, Geng R, Ren M, Cheng L, Liu D, Jiang C, Wen L, Xiao Z, Yang A. Genome-wide identification of the TIFY gene family in tobacco and expression analysis in response to Ralstonia solanacearum infection. Genomics 2024; 116:110823. [PMID: 38492820 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2024.110823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
The TIFY gene family plays an essential role in plant development and abiotic and biotic stress responses. In this study, genome-wide identification of TIFY members in tobacco and their expression pattern analysis in response to Ralstonia solanacearum infection were performed. A total of 33 TIFY genes were identified, including the TIFY, PPD, ZIM&ZML and JAZ subfamilies. Promoter analysis results indicated that a quantity of light-response, drought-response, SA-response and JA-response cis-elements exist in promoter regions. The TIFY gene family exhibited expansion and possessed gene redundancy resulting from tobacco ploidy change. In addition, most NtTIFYs equivalently expressed in roots, stems and leaves, while NtTIFY1, NtTIFY4, NtTIFY18 and NtTIFY30 preferentially expressed in roots. The JAZ III clade showed significant expression changes after inoculation with R. solanacearum, and the expression of NtTIFY7 in resistant varieties, compared with susceptible varieties, was more stably induced. Furthermore, NtTIFY7-silenced plants, compared with the control plants, were more susceptible to bacterial wilt. These results lay a foundation for exploring the evolutionary history of TIFY gene family and revealing gene function of NtTIFYs in tobacco bacterial wilt resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifen Zhang
- The Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhengwen Liu
- The Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Ruimei Geng
- The Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Min Ren
- The Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Lirui Cheng
- The Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Dan Liu
- The Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Caihong Jiang
- The Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Liuying Wen
- The Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Zhiliang Xiao
- The Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
| | - Aiguo Yang
- The Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
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Mohaimin AZ, Krishnamoorthy S, Shivanand P. A critical review on bioaerosols-dispersal of crop pathogenic microorganisms and their impact on crop yield. Braz J Microbiol 2024; 55:587-628. [PMID: 38001398 PMCID: PMC10920616 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01179-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioaerosols are potential sources of pathogenic microorganisms that can cause devastating outbreaks of global crop diseases. Various microorganisms, insects and viroids are known to cause severe crop diseases impeding global agro-economy. Such losses threaten global food security, as it is estimated that almost 821 million people are underfed due to global crisis in food production. It is estimated that global population would reach 10 billion by 2050. Hence, it is imperative to substantially increase global food production to about 60% more than the existing levels. To meet the increasing demand, it is essential to control crop diseases and increase yield. Better understanding of the dispersive nature of bioaerosols, seasonal variations, regional diversity and load would enable in formulating improved strategies to control disease severity, onset and spread. Further, insights on regional and global bioaerosol composition and dissemination would help in predicting and preventing endemic and epidemic outbreaks of crop diseases. Advanced knowledge of the factors influencing disease onset and progress, mechanism of pathogen attachment and penetration, dispersal of pathogens, life cycle and the mode of infection, aid the development and implementation of species-specific and region-specific preventive strategies to control crop diseases. Intriguingly, development of R gene-mediated resistant varieties has shown promising results in controlling crop diseases. Forthcoming studies on the development of an appropriately stacked R gene with a wide range of resistance to crop diseases would enable proper management and yield. The article reviews various aspects of pathogenic bioaerosols, pathogen invasion and infestation, crop diseases and yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Zul'Adly Mohaimin
- Environmental and Life Sciences Programme, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Bandar Seri Begawan, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Sarayu Krishnamoorthy
- Environmental and Life Sciences Programme, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Bandar Seri Begawan, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Pooja Shivanand
- Environmental and Life Sciences Programme, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Bandar Seri Begawan, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam.
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4
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Ma B, Zhang J, Guo S, Xie X, Yan L, Chen H, Zhang H, Bu X, Zheng L, Wang Y. RtNAC055 promotes drought tolerance via a stomatal closure pathway linked to methyl jasmonate/hydrogen peroxide signaling in Reaumuria trigyna. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhae001. [PMID: 38419969 PMCID: PMC10901477 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhae001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The stomata regulate CO2 uptake and efficient water usage, thereby promoting drought stress tolerance. NAC proteins (NAM, ATAF1/2, and CUC2) participate in plant reactions following drought stress, but the molecular mechanisms underlying NAC-mediated regulation of stomatal movement are unclear. In this study, a novel NAC gene from Reaumuria trigyna, RtNAC055, was found to enhance drought tolerance via a stomatal closure pathway. It was regulated by RtMYC2 and integrated with jasmonic acid signaling and was predominantly expressed in stomata and root. The suppression of RtNAC055 could improve jasmonic acid and H2O2 production and increase the drought tolerance of transgenic R. trigyna callus. Ectopic expression of RtNAC055 in the Arabidopsis atnac055 mutant rescued its drought-sensitive phenotype by decreasing stomatal aperture. Under drought stress, overexpression of RtNAC055 in poplar promoted ROS (H2O2) accumulation in stomata, which accelerated stomatal closure and maintained a high photosynthetic rate. Drought upregulated the expression of PtRbohD/F, PtP5CS2, and PtDREB1.1, as well as antioxidant enzyme activities in heterologous expression poplars. RtNAC055 promoted H2O2 production in guard cells by directly binding to the promoter of RtRbohE, thus regulating stomatal closure. The stress-related genes RtDREB1.1/P5CS1 were directly regulated by RtNAC055. These results indicate that RtNAC055 regulates stomatal closure by maintaining the balance between the antioxidant system and H2O2 level, reducing the transpiration rate and water loss, and improving photosynthetic efficiency and drought resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binjie Ma
- Key Laboratory of Herbage and Endemic Crop Biology, and College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
- Institute of Crop Sciences (ICS), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory/National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572024, Hainan Province, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Herbage and Endemic Crop Biology, and College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Shuyu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Herbage and Endemic Crop Biology, and College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Xinlei Xie
- Key Laboratory of Herbage and Endemic Crop Biology, and College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Lang Yan
- Institute of Crop Sciences (ICS), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory/National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572024, Hainan Province, China
| | - Huijing Chen
- Institute of Crop Sciences (ICS), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory/National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572024, Hainan Province, China
| | - Hongyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Herbage and Endemic Crop Biology, and College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Xiangqi Bu
- Key Laboratory of Herbage and Endemic Crop Biology, and College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Linlin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Herbage and Endemic Crop Biology, and College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Yingchun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Herbage and Endemic Crop Biology, and College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
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Zhao J, Li A, Xu M, Dai G, Chen J. Genome-wide analysis of the TIFY family in Lycium and the negative regulation of stomatal development by LrJAZ2 gene. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 206:108285. [PMID: 38145586 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Stomata are ports that facilitate gas and water vapor exchange during plant photosynthesis and transpiration. Stomatal development is strictly regulated by endogenous hormone. Jasmonate, an important signal that modulates multiple physiological processes in plants, has been found to negatively regulate stomatal development in Arabidopsis thaliana, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying stomata development signaling remain to be understood. Jasmonate ZIM-domain (JAZ) proteins are the members of TIFY family and the key component of JA signaling pathway. Its function in stomatal development is unclear to data. Here, we screened out 24 TIFY family members against the genome of Lycium, and identified a JAZ member by combination analyses of evolutionary tree, cis-elements in promoter and gene expression patterns. Overexpression of this gene (LrJAZ2) in Lycium ruthenicum and Arabidopsis thaliana indicated LrJAZ2 negatively regulates stomatal development. Microscopic observations revealed that overexpression of LrJAZ2 negatively regulated stomatal development by decreasing stomatal density and index, which may lead to lower leaf transpiration rates. Transcriptome data indicated the overexpression of LrJAZ2 up-regulated the stomatal related genes such as LrERL2, LrPYL4, and down-regulated the LrSPCH. Collectively, our study found that LrJAZ2 is a key gene in stomatal development regulation in L. ruthenicum and provided new insights into the regulation of stomatal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiqing Zhao
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Aijia Li
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, 100102, China
| | - Meng Xu
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Guoli Dai
- National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, 750002, China
| | - Jinhuan Chen
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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6
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Oliveira-Fernandes J, Oliveira-Pinto PR, Mariz-Ponte N, Sousa RMOF, Santos C. Satureja montana and Mentha pulegium essential oils' antimicrobial properties against Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae and elicitor potential through the modulation of kiwifruit hormonal defenses. Microbiol Res 2023; 277:127490. [PMID: 37722185 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) is responsible for the kiwifruit bacterial canker, the most severe disease of Actinidia spp. The use in agriculture of antibiotics and cooper-based compounds is increasingly being restricted, demanding for new sustainable alternatives to current agrochemicals. We aimed to characterize the anti-Psa potential of essential oils (EOs) of Mentha pulegium and Satureja montana and investigate if they elicit the plant-host hormonal defenses. The EOs were characterized through gas-chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and mass spectrometry (MS). Pulegone (78.6%) and carvacrol (43.5%) were the major constituents of M. pulegium and S. montana EO, respectively. Only S. montana EO showed relevant anti-Psa activity in vitro. To evaluate if the EOs also elicited host defenses, in vitro shoots were treated with 2 mg shoot-1 of EO-solution and subsequently inoculated with Psa three days later. Shoots were analyzed 10 min, three days (and 10 min after Psa-inoculation), four and ten days after EO application. The up/down regulation of RNA-transcripts for hormone biosynthesis, Psa biofilm production and virulence genes were quantified by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Phytohormones were quantified by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). S. montana EO showed the most promising results as a defense elicitor, increasing 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) by 131.07% and reducing indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) levels by 49.19%. Decreases of salicylic acid (SA), and gibberellic acid 3 (GA3) levels by 32.55% and 33.09% respectively and an increase of abscisic acid (ABA) by 85.03%, in M. pulegium EO-treated shoots, revealed some protective post-infection effect. This is the most comprehensive research on the Psa's impact on phytohormones. It also unveils the protective influence of prior EO exposure, clarifying the plant hormonal response to subsequent infections. The results reinforce the hypothesis that carvacrol-rich S. montana EO can be a suitable disease control agent against Psa infection. Its dual action against pathogens and elicitation of host plant defenses make it a promising candidate for incorporation into environmentally friendly disease management approaches. Nonetheless, to fully leverage these promising results, further research is imperative to elucidate the EO mode of action and evaluate the long-term efficacy of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Oliveira-Fernandes
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Campo Alegre s/n, 4169- 007 Porto, Portugal; LAQV-REQUIMTE, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paulo R Oliveira-Pinto
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Campo Alegre s/n, 4169- 007 Porto, Portugal; LAQV-REQUIMTE, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Nuno Mariz-Ponte
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Campo Alegre s/n, 4169- 007 Porto, Portugal; LAQV-REQUIMTE, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; CIBIO-InBIO, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Rose M O F Sousa
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Campo Alegre s/n, 4169- 007 Porto, Portugal; GreenUPorto/Inov4Agro, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Campo Alegre, Porto, Portugal; CITAB/Inov4Agro, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Conceição Santos
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Campo Alegre s/n, 4169- 007 Porto, Portugal; LAQV-REQUIMTE, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Miccono MDLA, Yang HW, DeMott L, Melotto M. Review: Losing JAZ4 for growth and defense. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 335:111816. [PMID: 37543224 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
JAZ proteins are involved in the regulation of the jasmonate signaling pathway, which is responsible for various physiological processes, such as defense response, adaptation to abiotic stress, growth, and development in Arabidopsis. The conserved domains of JAZ proteins can serve as binding sites for a broad array of regulatory proteins and the diversity of these protein-protein pairings result in a variety of functional outcomes. Plant growth and defense are two physiological processes that can conflict with each other, resulting in undesirable plant trade-offs. Recent observations have revealed a distinguishing feature of JAZ4; it acts as negative regulator of both plant immunity and growth and development. We suggest that these complex biological processes can be decoupled at the JAZ4 regulatory node, due to prominent expression of JAZ4 in specific tissues and organs. This spatial separation of actions could explain the increased disease resistance and size of the plant root and shoot in the absence of JAZ4. At the tissue level, JAZ4 could play a role in crosstalk between hormones such as ethylene and auxin to control organ differentiation. Deciphering biding of JAZ4 to specific regulators in different tissues and the downstream responses is key to unraveling molecular mechanisms toward developing new crop improvement strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria de Los Angeles Miccono
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Horticulture and Agronomy Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Ho-Wen Yang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Logan DeMott
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Plant Pathology Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Maeli Melotto
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
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Johnson LY, Major IT, Chen Y, Yang C, Vanegas-Cano LJ, Howe GA. Diversification of JAZ-MYC signaling function in immune metabolism. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 239:2277-2291. [PMID: 37403524 PMCID: PMC10528271 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonate (JA) re-programs metabolism to confer resistance to diverse environmental threats. Jasmonate stimulates the degradation of JASMONATE ZIM-DOMAIN (JAZ) proteins that repress the activity of MYC transcription factors. In Arabidopsis thaliana, MYC and JAZ are encoded by 4 and 13 genes, respectively. The extent to which expansion of the MYC and JAZ families has contributed to functional diversification of JA responses is not well understood. Here, we investigated the role of MYC and JAZ paralogs in controlling the production of defense compounds derived from aromatic amino acids (AAAs). Analysis of loss-of-function and dominant myc mutations identified MYC3 and MYC4 as the major regulators of JA-induced tryptophan metabolism. We developed a JAZ family-based, forward genetics approach to screen randomized jaz polymutants for allelic combinations that enhance tryptophan biosynthetic capacity. We found that mutants defective in all members (JAZ1/2/5/6) of JAZ group I over-accumulate AAA-derived defense compounds, constitutively express marker genes for the JA-ethylene branch of immunity and are more resistant to necrotrophic pathogens but not insect herbivores. In defining JAZ and MYC paralogs that regulate the production of amino-acid-derived defense compounds, our results provide insight into the specificity of JA signaling in immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Y.D. Johnson
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Molecular Plant Sciences Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Ian T. Major
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Yani Chen
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Changxian Yang
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Leidy J. Vanegas-Cano
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Gregg A. Howe
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Molecular Plant Sciences Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Plant Resilience Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Xie SS, Duan CG. Epigenetic regulation of plant immunity: from chromatin codes to plant disease resistance. ABIOTECH 2023; 4:124-139. [PMID: 37581024 PMCID: PMC10423193 DOI: 10.1007/s42994-023-00101-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Facing a deteriorating natural environment and an increasing serious food crisis, bioengineering-based breeding is increasing in importance. To defend against pathogen infection, plants have evolved multiple defense mechanisms, including pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI). A complex regulatory network acts downstream of these PTI and ETI pathways, including hormone signal transduction and transcriptional reprogramming. In recent years, increasing lines of evidence show that epigenetic factors act, as key regulators involved in the transcriptional reprogramming, to modulate plant immune responses. Here, we summarize current progress on the regulatory mechanism of DNA methylation and histone modifications in plant defense responses. In addition, we also discuss the application of epigenetic mechanism-based resistance strategies in plant disease breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Si Xie
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032 China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Cheng-Guo Duan
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032 China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
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10
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Wang X, Chen Y, Liu S, Fu W, Zhuang Y, Xu J, Lou Y, Baldwin IT, Li R. Functional dissection of rice jasmonate receptors involved in development and defense. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 238:2144-2158. [PMID: 36869435 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The phytohormones, jasmonates (JAs), mediate many plant developmental processes and their responses to important environmental stresses, such as herbivore attack. Bioactive JAs are perceived by CORONATINE INSENSITIVE (COI)-receptors, and associated JAZ proteins, to activate downstream responses. To date, the JA receptors of the important monocot crop plant, rice, remain to be explored. Here, we studied all three rice COI proteins, OsCOI1a, OsCOI1b, and OsCOI2, by ligand binding, genome editing, and phenotyping and examining some of the responsible mechanisms for the different responses. OsCOI2 binds to most individual OsJAZs in the presence of endogenous JA ligands, as OsCOI1a /1b do, albeit with greater partner selectivity. Single mutants of each OsCOI and OsCOI1a/1b double mutants were constructed by CRIPSR-Cas9-based genome editing and used to phenotype developmental and defense responses. OsCOI1b is involved in root growth and grain-size control and plays overlapping roles with OsCOI1a in spikelet development, while OsCOI2 regulates leaf senescence, male sterility, root growth, and grain size. All OsCOIs mediated resistance to the devastating rice pest, the brown planthopper. However, the defense sectors regulated by OsCOI1a/1b and OsCOI2 clearly differed. Our results revealed that all three OsCOIs are functional JA receptors that play diverse roles in regulating downstream JA responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yumeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shuting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wenjie Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yunqi Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yonggen Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ian T Baldwin
- Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, D-07745, Germany
| | - Ran Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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11
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Sobol G, Majhi BB, Pasmanik-Chor M, Zhang N, Roberts HM, Martin GB, Sessa G. Tomato receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase Fir1 is involved in flagellin signaling and preinvasion immunity. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 192:565-581. [PMID: 36511947 PMCID: PMC10152693 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Detection of bacterial flagellin by the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) receptors Flagellin sensing 2 (Fls2) and Fls3 triggers activation of pattern-triggered immunity (PTI). We identified the tomato Fls2/Fls3-interacting receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase 1 (Fir1) protein that is involved in PTI triggered by flagellin perception. Fir1 localized to the plasma membrane and interacted with Fls2 and Fls3 in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and in planta. CRISPR/Cas9-generated tomato fir1 mutants were impaired in several immune responses induced by the flagellin-derived peptides flg22 and flgII-28, including resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000, production of reactive oxygen species, and enhanced PATHOGENESIS-RELATED 1b (PR1b) gene expression, but not MAP kinase phosphorylation. Remarkably, fir1 mutants developed larger Pst DC3000 populations than wild-type plants, whereas no differences were observed in wild-type and fir1 mutant plants infected with the flagellin deficient Pst DC3000ΔfliC. fir1 mutants failed to close stomata when infected with Pst DC3000 and Pseudomonas fluorescens and were more susceptible to Pst DC3000 than wild-type plants when inoculated by dipping, but not by vacuum-infiltration, indicating involvement of Fir1 in preinvasion immunity. RNA-seq analysis detected fewer differentially expressed genes in fir1 mutants and altered expression of jasmonic acid (JA)-related genes. In support of JA response deregulation in fir1 mutants, these plants were similarly susceptible to Pst DC3000 and to the coronatine-deficient Pst DC3118 strain, and more resistant to the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea following PTI activation. These results indicate that tomato Fir1 is required for a subset of flagellin-triggered PTI responses and support a model in which Fir1 negatively regulates JA signaling during PTI activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Sobol
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel-Aviv University, 69978 Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Bharat Bhusan Majhi
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel-Aviv University, 69978 Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Metsada Pasmanik-Chor
- Bioinformatics Unit, G.S. Wise Faculty of Life Science, Tel-Aviv University, 69978 Tel- Aviv, Israel
| | - Ning Zhang
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research and Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Holly M Roberts
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research and Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Gregory B Martin
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research and Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Guido Sessa
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel-Aviv University, 69978 Tel-Aviv, Israel
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12
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Rosas-Diaz T, Cana-Quijada P, Wu M, Hui D, Fernandez-Barbero G, Macho AP, Solano R, Castillo AG, Wang XW, Lozano-Duran R, Bejarano ER. The transcriptional regulator JAZ8 interacts with the C2 protein from geminiviruses and limits the geminiviral infection in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 36946519 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonates (JAs) are phytohormones that finely regulate critical biological processes, including plant development and defense. JASMONATE ZIM-DOMAIN (JAZ) proteins are crucial transcriptional regulators that keep JA-responsive genes in a repressed state. In the presence of JA-Ile, JAZ repressors are ubiquitinated and targeted for degradation by the ubiquitin/proteasome system, allowing the activation of downstream transcription factors and, consequently, the induction of JA-responsive genes. A growing body of evidence has shown that JA signaling is crucial in defending against plant viruses and their insect vectors. Here, we describe the interaction of C2 proteins from two tomato-infecting geminiviruses from the genus Begomovirus, tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) and tomato yellow curl Sardinia virus (TYLCSaV), with the transcriptional repressor JAZ8 from Arabidopsis thaliana and its closest orthologue in tomato, SlJAZ9. Both JAZ and C2 proteins colocalize in the nucleus, forming discrete nuclear speckles. Overexpression of JAZ8 did not lead to altered responses to TYLCV infection in Arabidopsis; however, knock-down of JAZ8 favors geminiviral infection. Low levels of JAZ8 likely affect the viral infection specifically, since JAZ8-silenced plants neither display obvious developmental phenotypes nor present differences in their interaction with the viral insect vector. In summary, our results show that the geminivirus-encoded C2 interacts with JAZ8 in the nucleus, and suggest that this plant protein exerts an anti-geminiviral effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabata Rosas-Diaz
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora" (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
| | - Pepe Cana-Quijada
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora" (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Mengshi Wu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
| | - Du Hui
- Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Gemma Fernandez-Barbero
- Departamento de Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Alberto P Macho
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
| | - Roberto Solano
- Departamento de Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Araceli G Castillo
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora" (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Xiao-Wei Wang
- Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Rosa Lozano-Duran
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, D-72076, Germany
| | - Eduardo R Bejarano
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora" (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
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13
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Zhang B, Zheng H, Wu H, Wang C, Liang Z. Recent genome-wide replication promoted expansion and functional differentiation of the JAZs in soybeans. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 238:124064. [PMID: 36933593 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonate Zim-domain (JAZ) protein is an inhibitor of the jasmonate (JA) signal transduction pathway, and plays an important role in regulating plant growth, development, and defense. However, there have been few studies on its function under environmental stress in soybeans. In this study, a total of 275 JAZs protein-coding genes were identified in 29 soybean genomes. SoyC13 contained the least JAZ family members (26 JAZs), which was twice as high as AtJAZs. The genes are mainly generated by recent genome-wide replication (WGD), which replicated during the Late Cenozoic Ice Age. In addition, transcriptome analysis showed that the differences in gene expression patterns in the roots, stems, and leaves of the 29 cultivars at the V1 stage were not significant, but there was a significant difference among the three seed development stages. Finally, qRT-PCR results showed that GmJAZs responded the most strongly to heat stress, followed by drought and cold stress. This is consistent with the reason for their expansion and promoter analysis results. Therefore, we explored the significant role of conserved, duplicated, and neofunctionalized JAZs in the evolution of soybeans, which will contribute to the functional characterization of GmJAZ and the improvement of crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingxue Zhang
- The Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Education, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metablism and Regulation, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Haihang Wu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metablism and Regulation, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Chunli Wang
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Zongsuo Liang
- The Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Education, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metablism and Regulation, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
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14
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Boubakri H. Recent progress in CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing for enhancing plant disease resistance. Gene 2023; 866:147334. [PMID: 36871676 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, agricultural production is strongly affected by both climate change and pathogen attacks which seriously threaten global food security. For a long time, researchers have been waiting for a tool allowing DNA/RNA manipulation to tailor genes and their expression. Some earlier genetic manipulation methods such as meganucleases (MNs), zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) allowed site directed modification but their successful rate was limited due to lack of flexibility when targeting a 'site-specific nucleic acid'. The discovery of clustered regularly interspaced short palindrome repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) system has revolutionized genome editing domain in different living organisms during the past 9 years. Based on RNA-guided DNA/RNA recognition, CRISPR/Cas9 optimizations have offered an unrecorded scientific opportunity to engineer plants resistant to diverse pathogens. In this report, we describe the main characteristics of the primary reported-genome editing tools ((MNs, ZFNs, TALENs) and evaluate the different CRISPR/Cas9 methods and achievements in developing crop plants resistant to viruses, fungi and bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatem Boubakri
- Laboratory of Legumes and Sustainable Agrosystems, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, BP 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia.
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15
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Rao S, Tian Y, Zhang C, Qin Y, Liu M, Niu S, Li Y, Chen J. The JASMONATE ZIM-domain-OPEN STOMATA1 cascade integrates jasmonic acid and abscisic acid signaling to regulate drought tolerance by mediating stomatal closure in poplar. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:443-457. [PMID: 36260345 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Drought, which directly affects the yield of crops and trees, is a natural stress with a profound impact on the economy. Improving water use efficiency (WUE) and drought tolerance are relatively effective strategies to alleviate drought stress. OPEN STOMATA1 (OST1), at the core of abscisic acid (ABA) signaling, can improve WUE by regulating stomatal closure and photosynthesis. Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and ABA crosstalk is considered to be involved in the response to drought stress, but the detailed molecular mechanism is insufficiently known. Here, Populus euphratica, which naturally grows in arid and semiarid regions, was selected as the species for studying MeJA and ABA crosstalk under drought. A yeast two-hybrid assay was performed using PeOST1 as bait and a nucleus-localized factor, JASMONATE ZIM-domain protein 2 (PeJAZ2), was found to participate in MeJA signaling by interacting with PeOST1. Overexpression of PeJAZ2 in poplar notably increased water deficit tolerance and WUE in both severe and mild drought stress by regulating ABA signaling rather than ABA synthesis. Furthermore, a PeJAZ2 overexpression line was shown to have greater ABA-induced stomatal closure and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production. Collectively, this evidence establishes a mechanism in which PeJAZ2 acts as a positive regulator in response to drought stress via ABA-induced stomatal closure caused by H2O2 production. Our study presents a new insight into the crosstalk of ABA and jasmonic acid signaling in regulating WUE and drought stress, providing a basis of the drought tolerance mechanism of P. euphratica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shupei Rao
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological restoration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuru Tian
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yingzhi Qin
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Meiqin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological restoration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Public Analyses and Test Center of Laboratory Equipment Division, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shihui Niu
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological restoration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yue Li
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological restoration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jinhuan Chen
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological restoration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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16
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CRISPR/Cas Genome Editing Technologies for Plant Improvement against Biotic and Abiotic Stresses: Advances, Limitations, and Future Perspectives. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233928. [PMID: 36497186 PMCID: PMC9736268 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Crossbreeding, mutation breeding, and traditional transgenic breeding take much time to improve desirable characters/traits. CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome editing (GE) is a game-changing tool that can create variation in desired traits, such as biotic and abiotic resistance, increase quality and yield in less time with easy applications, high efficiency, and low cost in producing the targeted edits for rapid improvement of crop plants. Plant pathogens and the severe environment cause considerable crop losses worldwide. GE approaches have emerged and opened new doors for breeding multiple-resistance crop varieties. Here, we have summarized recent advances in CRISPR/Cas-mediated GE for resistance against biotic and abiotic stresses in a crop molecular breeding program that includes the modification and improvement of genes response to biotic stresses induced by fungus, virus, and bacterial pathogens. We also discussed in depth the application of CRISPR/Cas for abiotic stresses (herbicide, drought, heat, and cold) in plants. In addition, we discussed the limitations and future challenges faced by breeders using GE tools for crop improvement and suggested directions for future improvements in GE for agricultural applications, providing novel ideas to create super cultivars with broad resistance to biotic and abiotic stress.
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17
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Reboledo G, Agorio A, Vignale L, Alvarez A, Ponce De León I. The moss-specific transcription factor PpERF24 positively modulates immunity against fungal pathogens in Physcomitrium patens. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:908682. [PMID: 36186018 PMCID: PMC9520294 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.908682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
APETALA2/ethylene response factors (AP2/ERFs) transcription factors (TFs) have greatly expanded in land plants compared to algae. In angiosperms, AP2/ERFs play important regulatory functions in plant defenses against pathogens and abiotic stress by controlling the expression of target genes. In the moss Physcomitrium patens, a high number of members of the ERF family are induced during pathogen infection, suggesting that they are important regulators in bryophyte immunity. In the current study, we analyzed a P. patens pathogen-inducible ERF family member designated as PpERF24. Orthologs of PpERF24 were only found in other mosses, while they were absent in the bryophytes Marchantia polymorpha and Anthoceros agrestis, the vascular plant Selaginella moellendorffii, and angiosperms. We show that PpERF24 belongs to a moss-specific clade with distinctive amino acids features in the AP2 domain that binds to the DNA. Interestingly, all P. patens members of the PpERF24 subclade are induced by fungal pathogens. The function of PpERF24 during plant immunity was assessed by an overexpression approach and transcriptomic analysis. Overexpressing lines showed increased defenses to infection by the fungal pathogens Botrytis cinerea and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides evidenced by reduced cellular damage and fungal biomass compared to wild-type plants. Transcriptomic and RT-qPCR analysis revealed that PpERF24 positively regulates the expression levels of defense genes involved in transcriptional regulation, phenylpropanoid and jasmonate pathways, oxidative burst and pathogenesis-related (PR) genes. These findings give novel insights into potential mechanism by which PpERF24 increases plant defenses against several pathogens by regulating important players in plant immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Reboledo
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Astrid Agorio
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Lucía Vignale
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Alfonso Alvarez
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias, Centro de Investigaciones Nucleares, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Inés Ponce De León
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay
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18
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Bazinet Q, Tang L, Bede JC. Impact of Future Elevated Carbon Dioxide on C 3 Plant Resistance to Biotic Stresses. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2022; 35:527-539. [PMID: 34889654 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-07-21-0189-fi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Before the end of the century, atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are predicted to increase to approximately 900 ppm. This will dramatically affect plant physiology and influence environmental interactions and, in particular, plant resistance to biotic stresses. This review is a broad survey of the current research on the effects of elevated CO2 (eCO2) on phytohormone-mediated resistance of C3 agricultural crops and related model species to pathogens and insect herbivores. In general, while plants grown in eCO2 often have increased constitutive and induced salicylic acid levels and suppressed induced jasmonate levels, there are exceptions that implicate other environmental factors, such as light and nitrogen fertilization in modulating these responses. Therefore, this review sets the stage for future studies to delve into understanding the mechanistic basis behind how eCO2 will affect plant defensive phytohormone signaling pathways under future predicted environmental conditions that could threaten global food security to inform the best agricultural management practices.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quinn Bazinet
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, 21,111 Lakeshore, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Lawrence Tang
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, 21,111 Lakeshore, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Jacqueline C Bede
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, 21,111 Lakeshore, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
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19
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Ortiz-García P, Pérez-Alonso MM, González Ortega-Villaizán A, Sánchez-Parra B, Ludwig-Müller J, Wilkinson MD, Pollmann S. The Indole-3-Acetamide-Induced Arabidopsis Transcription Factor MYB74 Decreases Plant Growth and Contributes to the Control of Osmotic Stress Responses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:928386. [PMID: 35812959 PMCID: PMC9257185 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.928386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of the auxin precursor indole-3-acetamide (IAM) in the ami1 mutant has recently been reported to reduce plant growth and to trigger abiotic stress responses in Arabidopsis thaliana. The observed response includes the induction of abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis through the promotion of NCED3 expression. The mechanism by which plant growth is limited, however, remained largely unclear. Here, we investigated the transcriptional responses evoked by the exogenous application of IAM using comprehensive RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and reverse genetics approaches. The RNA-seq results highlighted the induction of a small number of genes, including the R2R3 MYB transcription factor genes MYB74 and MYB102. The two MYB factors are known to respond to various stress cues and to ABA. Consistent with a role as negative plant growth regulator, conditional MYB74 overexpressor lines showed a considerable growth reduction. RNA-seq analysis of MYB74 mutants indicated an association of MYB74 with responses to osmotic stress, water deprivation, and seed development, which further linked MYB74 with the observed ami1 osmotic stress and seed phenotype. Collectively, our findings point toward a role for MYB74 in plant growth control and in responses to abiotic stress stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Ortiz-García
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas,Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA /CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta-Marina Pérez-Alonso
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas,Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA /CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Umeå Plant Science Center, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Adrián González Ortega-Villaizán
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas,Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA /CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Sánchez-Parra
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas,Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA /CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Mark D. Wilkinson
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas,Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA /CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Stephan Pollmann
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas,Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA /CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain
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20
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Song Z, Zhang C, Jin P, Tetteh C, Dong X, Luo S, Zhang S, Li X, Liu Y, Zhang H. The cell-type specific role of Arabidopsis bZIP59 transcription factor in plant immunity. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:1843-1861. [PMID: 35199374 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Stomatal movement participates in plant immunity by directly affecting the invasion of bacteria, but the genes that regulate stomatal immunity have not been well identified. Here, we characterised the function of the bZIP59 transcription factor from Arabidopsis thaliana, which is constitutively expressed in guard cells. The bzip59 mutant is partially impaired in stomatal closure induced by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain (Pst) DC3000 and is more susceptible to Pst DC3000 infection. By contrast, the line overexpressing bZIP59 enhances resistance to Pst DC3000 infection. Furthermore, the bzip59 mutant is also partially impaired in stomatal closure induced by flagellin flg22 derived from Pst DC3000, and epistasis analysis revealed that bZIP59 acts upstream of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) and downstream of salicylic acid signalling in flg22-induced stomatal closure. In addition, the bzip59 mutant showed resistance and sensitivity to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Tobacco mosaic virus that do not invade through stomata, respectively. Collectively, our results demonstrate that bZIP59 plays an important role in the stomatal immunity and reveal that the same transcription factor can positively and negatively regulate disease resistance against different pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Song
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Department of Plant Pathology, School of Plant Protection, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Department of Plant Pathology, School of Plant Protection, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Pinyuan Jin
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Department of Plant Pathology, School of Plant Protection, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Charles Tetteh
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Department of Plant Pathology, School of Plant Protection, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xueshuo Dong
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Department of Plant Pathology, School of Plant Protection, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Sheng Luo
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Department of Plant Pathology, School of Plant Protection, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Siyi Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Department of Plant Pathology, School of Plant Protection, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xinyuan Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Department of Plant Pathology, School of Plant Protection, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yingjun Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Department of Plant Pathology, School of Plant Protection, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Huajian Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Department of Plant Pathology, School of Plant Protection, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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21
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Liu H, Lu C, Li Y, Wu T, Zhang B, Liu B, Feng W, Xu Q, Dong H, He S, Chu Z, Ding X. The bacterial effector AvrRxo1 inhibits vitamin B6 biosynthesis to promote infection in rice. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 3:100324. [PMID: 35576156 PMCID: PMC9251433 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc), which causes rice bacterial leaf streak, invades leaves mainly through stomata, which are often closed as a plant immune response against pathogen invasion. How Xoc overcomes stomatal immunity is unclear. Here, we show that the effector protein AvrRxo1, an ATP-dependent protease, enhances Xoc virulence and inhibits stomatal immunity by targeting and degrading rice OsPDX1 (pyridoxal phosphate synthase), thereby reducing vitamin B6 (VB6) levels in rice. VB6 is required for the activity of aldehyde oxidase, which catalyzes the last step of abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis, and ABA positively regulates rice stomatal immunity against Xoc. Thus, we provide evidence supporting a model in which a major bacterial pathogen inhibits plant stomatal immunity by directly targeting VB6 biosynthesis and consequently inhibiting the biosynthesis of ABA in guard cells to open stomata. Moreover, AvrRxo1-mediated VB6 targeting also explains the poor nutritional quality, including low VB6 levels, of Xoc-infected rice grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, 271018 Shandong, PR China; College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, 271018 Shandong, PR China
| | - Chongchong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, 271018 Shandong, PR China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, 271018 Shandong, PR China
| | - Tao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, 271018 Shandong, PR China
| | - Baogang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, 271018 Shandong, PR China
| | - Baoyou Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, 271018 Shandong, PR China
| | - Wenjie Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, 271018 Shandong, PR China
| | - Qian Xu
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, 271018 Shandong, PR China
| | - Hansong Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, 271018 Shandong, PR China
| | - Shengyang He
- Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Zhaohui Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072 Hubei, PR China.
| | - Xinhua Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, 271018 Shandong, PR China.
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22
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Raffeiner M, Üstün S, Guerra T, Spinti D, Fitzner M, Sonnewald S, Baldermann S, Börnke F. The Xanthomonas type-III effector XopS stabilizes CaWRKY40a to regulate defense responses and stomatal immunity in pepper (Capsicum annuum). THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:1684-1708. [PMID: 35134217 PMCID: PMC9048924 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
As a critical part of plant immunity, cells that are attacked by pathogens undergo rapid transcriptional reprogramming to minimize virulence. Many bacterial phytopathogens use type III effector (T3E) proteins to interfere with plant defense responses, including this transcriptional reprogramming. Here, we show that Xanthomonas outer protein S (XopS), a T3E of Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (Xcv), interacts with and inhibits proteasomal degradation of WRKY40, a transcriptional regulator of defense gene expression. Virus-induced gene silencing of WRKY40 in pepper (Capsicum annuum) enhanced plant tolerance to Xcv infection, indicating that WRKY40 represses immunity. Stabilization of WRKY40 by XopS reduces the expression of its targets, which include salicylic acid-responsive genes and the jasmonic acid signaling repressor JAZ8. Xcv bacteria lacking XopS display significantly reduced virulence when surface inoculated onto susceptible pepper leaves. XopS delivery by Xcv, as well as ectopic expression of XopS in Arabidopsis thaliana or Nicotiana benthamiana, prevented stomatal closure in response to bacteria and biotic elicitors. Silencing WRKY40 in pepper or N. benthamiana abolished XopS's ability to prevent stomatal closure. This suggests that XopS interferes with both preinvasion and apoplastic defense by manipulating WRKY40 stability and downstream gene expression, eventually altering phytohormone crosstalk to promote pathogen proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot Raffeiner
- Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ), Großbeeren 14979, Germany
| | | | - Tiziana Guerra
- Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ), Großbeeren 14979, Germany
| | - Daniela Spinti
- Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ), Großbeeren 14979, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Maria Fitzner
- Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ), Großbeeren 14979, Germany
| | - Sophia Sonnewald
- Department of Biology, Division of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Susanne Baldermann
- Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ), Großbeeren 14979, Germany
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal 14558, Germany
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23
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Sun B, Shang L, Li Y, Zhang Q, Chu Z, He S, Yang W, Ding X. Ectopic Expression of OsJAZs Alters Plant Defense and Development. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094581. [PMID: 35562972 PMCID: PMC9103030 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A key step in jasmonic acid (JA) signaling is the ligand-dependent assembly of a coreceptor complex comprising the F-box protein COI1 and JAZ transcriptional repressors. The assembly of this receptor complex results in proteasome-mediated degradation of JAZ repressors, which in turn bind and repress MYC transcription factors. Many studies on JAZs have been performed in Arabidopsis thaliana, but the function of JAZs in rice is largely unknown. To systematically reveal the function of OsJAZs, in this study, we compared the various phenotypes resulting from 13 OsJAZs via ectopic expression in Arabidopsis thaliana and the phenotypes of 12 AtJAZs overexpression (OE) lines. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the 25 proteins could be divided into three major groups. Yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) assays revealed that most OsJAZ proteins could form homodimers or heterodimers. The statistical results showed that the phenotypes of the OsJAZ OE plants were quite different from those of AtJAZ OE plants in terms of plant growth, development, and immunity. As an example, compared with other JAZ OE plants, OsJAZ11 OE plants exhibited a JA-insensitive phenotype and enhanced resistance to Pst DC3000. The protein stability after JA treatment of OsJAZ11 emphasized the specific function of the protein. This study aimed to explore the commonalities and characteristics of different JAZ proteins functions from a genetic perspective, and to screen genes with disease resistance value. Overall, the results of this study provide insights for further functional analysis of rice JAZ family proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baolong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China; (B.S.); (L.S.); (Y.L.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Luyue Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China; (B.S.); (L.S.); (Y.L.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China; (B.S.); (L.S.); (Y.L.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China; (B.S.); (L.S.); (Y.L.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Zhaohui Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;
| | - Shengyang He
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA;
| | - Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China; (B.S.); (L.S.); (Y.L.); (Q.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Modern Agricultural, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Correspondence: (W.Y.); (X.D.)
| | - Xinhua Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China; (B.S.); (L.S.); (Y.L.); (Q.Z.)
- Correspondence: (W.Y.); (X.D.)
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24
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Li C, Xu M, Cai X, Han Z, Si J, Chen D. Jasmonate Signaling Pathway Modulates Plant Defense, Growth, and Their Trade-Offs. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073945. [PMID: 35409303 PMCID: PMC8999811 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid-derived jasmonates (JAs) play a crucial role in a variety of plant development and defense mechanisms. In recent years, significant progress has been made toward understanding the JA signaling pathway. In this review, we discuss JA biosynthesis, as well as its core signaling pathway, termination mechanisms, and the evolutionary origin of JA signaling. JA regulates not only plant regeneration, reproductive growth, and vegetative growth but also the responses of plants to stresses, including pathogen as well as virus infection, herbivore attack, and abiotic stresses. We also focus on the JA signaling pathway, considering its crosstalk with the gibberellin (GA), auxin, and phytochrome signaling pathways for mediation of the trade-offs between growth and defense. In summary, JA signals regulate multiple outputs of plant defense and growth and act to balance growth and defense in order to adapt to complex environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Li
- Correspondence: (C.L.); (D.C.)
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25
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Li P, Xu Y, Wang K, Guo W, Gu Y, Lyu S, Huang J, Lin H, Huang C, Xu Z, Li Y. Genome-Wide Identification of TLP Gene Family and Their Roles in Carya cathayensis Sarg in Response to Botryosphaeria dothidea. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:849043. [PMID: 35432404 PMCID: PMC9010463 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.849043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hickory (Carya cathayensis) is a critical tree species of the genus Carya from the Juglandaceae family that contains nutrient-rich nuts. Due to large-scale soil degradation, the pests and diseases of hickory are becoming more and more serious. Thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) are vital proteins involved in the complex defense process of plant pathogens. In this study, 40 CcTLP genes were identified genome-widely and phylogenetically grouped into three subfamilies. The sequence of CcTLPs had a conservative pattern, such as eight stable disulfide bonds, REDDD, and G-X-[GF]-X-C-X-T-[GA]-D-C-X(1,2)-G-X-(2,3)-C structure. In total, 57 cis-elements related to stress-responsive, light-responsive, phytohormone-responsive, and plant-responsive were discovered. Under salicylate (SA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and ethephon (ETH) treatments, the expressions of CcTLP28, CcTLP29, CcTLP30, CcTLP31, CcTLP32, CcTLP33, CcTLP37, CcTLP38, and CcTLP39 had different patterns. This is an indication that most of the TLP genes were upregulated by SA and downregulated by MeJA. Notably, seven TLP genes were significantly upregulated under the Botryosphaeria dothidea inoculation, especially CcTLP31, with an over 20-fold change. Nine genes were shown by subcellular localization analysis to be located at the plasma membrane and cytoplasm. The knowledge of the disease-resistant function of the CcTLP family in hickory is promoted by these results. A foundation reference for the molecular breeding of this plant in the future is provided by our findings.
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26
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Simeoni F, Skirycz A, Simoni L, Castorina G, de Souza LP, Fernie AR, Alseekh S, Giavalisco P, Conti L, Tonelli C, Galbiati M. The AtMYB60 transcription factor regulates stomatal opening by modulating oxylipin synthesis in guard cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:533. [PMID: 35017563 PMCID: PMC8752683 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04433-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Stomata are epidermal pores formed by pairs of specialized guard cells, which regulate gas exchanges between the plant and the atmosphere. Modulation of transcription has emerged as an important level of regulation of stomatal activity. The AtMYB60 transcription factor was previously identified as a positive regulator of stomatal opening, although the details of its function remain unknown. Here, we propose a role for AtMYB60 as a negative modulator of oxylipins synthesis in stomata. The atmyb60-1 mutant shows reduced stomatal opening and accumulates increased levels of 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (12-OPDA), jasmonic acid (JA) and jasmonoyl-l-isoleucine (JA-Ile) in guard cells. We provide evidence that 12-OPDA triggers stomatal closure independently of JA and cooperatively with abscisic acid (ABA) in atmyb60-1. Our study highlights the relevance of oxylipins metabolism in stomatal regulation and indicates AtMYB60 as transcriptional integrator of ABA and oxylipins responses in guard cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Simeoni
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Laura Simoni
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Castorina
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali-Produzione, Territorio, Agroenergia, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany.,Center for Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Saleh Alseekh
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Patrick Giavalisco
- Metabolomics Core Facility, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lucio Conti
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Tonelli
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Galbiati
- Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Milan, Italy.
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27
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Ou X, Li T, Zhao Y, Chang Y, Wu L, Chen G, Day B, Jiang K. Calcium-dependent ABA signaling functions in stomatal immunity by regulating rapid SA responses in guard cells. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 268:153585. [PMID: 34894596 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Stomatal immunity is mediated by ABA, an osmotic stress-responsive phytohormone that closes stomata via calcium-dependent and -independent signaling pathways. However, the functional involvement of ABA signal transducers in stomatal immunity remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that stomatal immunity was compromised in mutants of the ABA signaling core. We also found that it is a subset of calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPK4/5/6), but not the calcium-independent kinase OST1, that relay the stomatal immune signaling. Surface-inoculated bacteria caused an endogenous ABA-dependent induction of local SA responses, whilst expression of the ABA biosynthetic genes and the ABA levels were not affected in leaf epidermis. Furthermore, flg22-elicited ROS burst was attenuated by mutations in CPK4 and CPK5, and pathogen-induced SA production in leaf epidermis was compromised in cpk4, cpk5, and cpk6 mutants. Our results suggest that CPKs function in stomatal immunity through fine-tuning apoplastic ROS levels as well as reinforcing the localized SA signal in guard cells. It is also envisioned that ABA mediates stomatal responses to biotic and abiotic stresses via two distinct but partially overlapping signaling modules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Ou
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization for Biological Resources and Ecological Restoration, College of Life Sciences and Technology, Longdong University, Qingyang, Gansu Province, 745000, China
| | - Tianqi Li
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Yuankai Chang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, 475004, China
| | - Lihong Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
| | - Guoqingzi Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
| | - Brad Day
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
| | - Kun Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China.
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28
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DeMott L, Oblessuc PR, Pierce A, Student J, Melotto M. Spatiotemporal regulation of JAZ4 expression and splicing contribute to ethylene- and auxin-mediated responses in Arabidopsis roots. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 108:1266-1282. [PMID: 34562337 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonic acid (JA) signaling controls several processes related to plant growth, development, and defense, which are modulated by the transcription regulator and receptor JASMONATE-ZIM DOMAIN (JAZ) proteins. We recently discovered that a member of the JAZ family, JAZ4, has a prominent function in canonical JA signaling as well as other mechanisms. Here, we discovered the existence of two naturally occurring splice variants (SVs) of JAZ4 in planta, JAZ4.1 and JAZ4.2, and employed biochemical and pharmacological approaches to determine protein stability and repression capability of these SVs within JA signaling. We then utilized quantitative and qualitative transcriptional studies to determine spatiotemporal expression and splicing patterns in vivo, which revealed developmental-, tissue-, and organ-specific regulation. Detailed phenotypic and expression analyses suggest a role of JAZ4 in ethylene (ET) and auxin signaling pathways differentially within the zones of root development in seedlings. These results support a model in which JAZ4 functions as a negative regulator of ET signaling and auxin signaling in root tissues above the apex. However, in the root apex JAZ4 functions as a positive regulator of auxin signaling possibly independently of ET. Collectively, our data provide insight into the complexity of spatiotemporal regulation of JAZ4 and how this impacts hormone signaling specificity and diversity in Arabidopsis roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan DeMott
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- Plant Pathology Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Paula R Oblessuc
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Alice Pierce
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Joseph Student
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Maeli Melotto
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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29
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López-Vidriero I, Godoy M, Grau J, Peñuelas M, Solano R, Franco-Zorrilla JM. DNA features beyond the transcription factor binding site specify target recognition by plant MYC2-related bHLH proteins. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2021; 2:100232. [PMID: 34778747 PMCID: PMC8577090 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2021.100232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) regulate gene expression by binding to cis-regulatory sequences in the promoters of target genes. Recent research is helping to decipher in part the cis-regulatory code in eukaryotes, including plants, but it is not yet fully understood how paralogous TFs select their targets. Here we addressed this question by studying several proteins of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family of plant TFs, all of which recognize the same DNA motif. We focused on the MYC-related group of bHLHs, that redundantly regulate the jasmonate (JA) signaling pathway, and we observed a high correspondence between DNA-binding profiles in vitro and MYC function in vivo. We demonstrated that A/T-rich modules flanking the MYC-binding motif, conserved from bryophytes to higher plants, are essential for TF recognition. We observed particular DNA-shape features associated with A/T modules, indicating that the DNA shape may contribute to MYC DNA binding. We extended this analysis to 20 additional bHLHs and observed correspondence between in vitro binding and protein function, but it could not be attributed to A/T modules as in MYCs. We conclude that different bHLHs may have their own codes for DNA binding and specific selection of targets that, at least in the case of MYCs, depend on the TF-DNA interplay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene López-Vidriero
- Genomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, C/Darwin 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Godoy
- Genomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, C/Darwin 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquín Grau
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, C/Darwin 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Peñuelas
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, C/Darwin 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Solano
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, C/Darwin 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - José M. Franco-Zorrilla
- Genomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, C/Darwin 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, C/Darwin 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Corresponding author
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Chini A, Monte I, Fernández-Barbero G, Boter M, Hicks G, Raikhel N, Solano R. A small molecule antagonizes jasmonic acid perception and auxin responses in vascular and nonvascular plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:1399-1413. [PMID: 34618088 PMCID: PMC8566257 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The phytohormone jasmonoyl-L-isoleucine (JA-Ile) regulates many stress responses and developmental processes in plants. A co-receptor complex formed by the F-box protein Coronatine Insensitive 1 (COI1) and a Jasmonate (JA) ZIM-domain (JAZ) repressor perceives the hormone. JA-Ile antagonists are invaluable tools for exploring the role of JA-Ile in specific tissues and developmental stages, and for identifying regulatory processes of the signaling pathway. Using two complementary chemical screens, we identified three compounds that exhibit a robust inhibitory effect on both the hormone-mediated COI-JAZ interaction and degradation of JAZ1 and JAZ9 in vivo. One molecule, J4, also restrains specific JA-induced physiological responses in different angiosperm plants, including JA-mediated gene expression, growth inhibition, chlorophyll degradation, and anthocyanin accumulation. Interaction experiments with purified proteins indicate that J4 directly interferes with the formation of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) COI1-JAZ complex otherwise induced by JA. The antagonistic effect of J4 on COI1-JAZ also occurs in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha, suggesting the mode of action is conserved in land plants. Besides JA signaling, J4 works as an antagonist of the closely related auxin signaling pathway, preventing Transport Inhibitor Response1/Aux-indole-3-acetic acid interaction and auxin responses in planta, including hormone-mediated degradation of an auxin repressor, gene expression, and gravitropic response. However, J4 does not affect other hormonal pathways. Altogether, our results show that this dual antagonist competes with JA-Ile and auxin, preventing the formation of phylogenetically related receptor complexes. J4 may be a useful tool to dissect both the JA-Ile and auxin pathways in particular tissues and developmental stages since it reversibly inhibits these pathways. One-sentence summary: A chemical screen identified a molecule that antagonizes jasmonate perception by directly interfering with receptor complex formation in phylogenetically distant vascular and nonvascular plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Chini
- Departamento de Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología-CSIC, Campus Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Author for correspondence:
| | - Isabel Monte
- Departamento de Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología-CSIC, Campus Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Present address: Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, 8008, Switzerland
| | - Gemma Fernández-Barbero
- Departamento de Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología-CSIC, Campus Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Marta Boter
- Departamento de Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología-CSIC, Campus Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Present address: Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid –Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Glenn Hicks
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, University of California, Riverside, California, 92521, USA
| | - Natasha Raikhel
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, University of California, Riverside, California, 92521, USA
| | - Roberto Solano
- Departamento de Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología-CSIC, Campus Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, 28049, Spain
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Cao L, Tian J, Liu Y, Chen X, Li S, Persson S, Lu D, Chen M, Luo Z, Zhang D, Yuan Z. Ectopic expression of OsJAZ6, which interacts with OsJAZ1, alters JA signaling and spikelet development in rice. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 108:1083-1096. [PMID: 34538009 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonates (JAs) are key phytohormones that regulate plant responses and development. JASMONATE-ZIM DOMAIN (JAZ) proteins safeguard JA signaling by repressing JA-responsive gene expression in the absence of JA. However, the interaction and cooperative roles of JAZ repressors remain unclear during plant development. Here, we found that OsJAZ6 interacts with OsJAZ1 depending on a single amino acid in the so-called ZIM domain of OsJAZ6 in rice JA signaling transduction and JA-regulated rice spikelet development. In vivo protein distribution analysis revealed that the OsJAZ6 content is efficiently regulated during spikelet development, and biochemical and genetic evidence showed that OsJAZ6 is more sensitive to JA-mediated degradation than OsJAZ1. Through over- and mis-expression experiments, we further showed that the protein stability and levels of OsJAZ6 orchestrate the output of JA signaling during rice spikelet development. A possible mechanism, which outlines how OsJAZ repressors interact and function synergistically in specifying JA signaling output through degradation titration, is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichun Cao
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jiaqi Tian
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yilin Liu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaofei Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Siqi Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Staffan Persson
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Department for Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
- Copenhagen Plant Science Center, University of Copenhagen, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Dan Lu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Mingjiao Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zhijing Luo
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Dabing Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Zheng Yuan
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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Rufián JS, Elmore JM, Bejarano ER, Beuzon CR, Coaker GL. ER Bodies Are Induced by Pseudomonas syringae and Negatively Regulate Immunity. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2021; 34:1001-1009. [PMID: 34110257 PMCID: PMC8635791 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-11-20-0330-sc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ER bodies are endoplasmic reticulum-derived organelles present in plants belonging to the Brassicales order. In Arabidopsis thaliana, ER bodies are ubiquitous in cotyledons and roots and are present only in certain cell types in rosette leaves. However, both wounding and jasmonic acid treatment induce the formation of ER bodies in leaves. Formation of this structure is dependent on the transcription factor NAI1. The main components of the ER bodies are β-glucosidases (BGLUs), enzymes that hydrolyze specialized compounds. In Arabidopsis, PYK10 (BGLU23) and BGLU18 are the most abundant ER body proteins. In this work, we found that ER bodies are downregulated as a consequence of the immune responses induced by bacterial flagellin perception. Arabidopsis mutants defective in ER body formation show enhanced responses upon flagellin perception and enhanced resistance to bacterial infections. Furthermore, the bacterial toxin coronatine induces the formation of de novo ER bodies in leaves and its virulence function is partially dependent on this structure. Finally, we show that performance of the polyphagous beet armyworm herbivore Spodoptera exigua increases in plants lacking ER bodies. Altogether, we provide new evidence for the role of the ER bodies in plant immune responses.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- José S. Rufián
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Dept. Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Campus de Teatinos, Málaga E-29071, Spain
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences; Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - James M. Elmore
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A
| | - Eduardo R. Bejarano
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Dept. Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Campus de Teatinos, Málaga E-29071, Spain
| | - Carmen R. Beuzon
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Dept. Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Campus de Teatinos, Málaga E-29071, Spain
| | - Gitta L. Coaker
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A
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Decoupling of Plant Growth and Accumulation of Biologically Active Compounds in Leaves, Roots, and Root Exudates of Hypericum perforatum L. by the Combination of Jasmonate and Far-Red Lighting. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11091283. [PMID: 34572496 PMCID: PMC8467824 DOI: 10.3390/biom11091283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The plant hormone jasmonic acid (JA) fine tunes the growth–defense dilemma by inhibiting plant growth and stimulating the accumulation of secondary compounds. We investigated the interactions between JA and phytochrome B signaling on growth and the accumulation of selected secondary metabolites in Hypericum perforatum L., a medically important plant, by spraying plants with methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and by adding far-red (FR) lighting. MeJA inhibited plant growth, decreased fructose concentration, and enhanced the accumulation of most secondary metabolites. FR enhanced plant growth and starch accumulation and did not decrease the accumulation of most secondary metabolites. MeJA and FR acted mostly independently with no observable interactions on plant growth or secondary metabolite levels. The accumulation of different compounds (e.g., hypericin, flavonols, flavan-3-ols, and phenolic acid) in shoots, roots, and root exudates showed different responses to the two treatments. These findings indicate that the relationship between growth and secondary compound accumulation is specific and depends on the classes of compounds and/or their organ location. The combined application of MeJA and FR enhanced the accumulation of most secondary compounds without compromising plant growth. Thus, the negative correlations between biomass and the content of secondary compounds predicted by the growth-defense dilemma were overcome.
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Liu B, Seong K, Pang S, Song J, Gao H, Wang C, Zhai J, Zhang Y, Gao S, Li X, Qi T, Song S. Functional specificity, diversity, and redundancy of Arabidopsis JAZ family repressors in jasmonate and COI1-regulated growth, development, and defense. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 231:1525-1545. [PMID: 34009665 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In response to jasmonates (JAs), the JA receptor Coronatine Insensitive 1 (COI1) recruits JA-zinc-finger inflorescence meristem (ZIM)-domain (JAZ) family repressors for destruction to regulate plant growth, development, and defense. As Arabidopsis encodes 13 JAZ repressors, their functional specificity, diversity, and redundancy in JA/COI1-mediated responses remain unclear. We generated a broad range of jaz mutants based on their phylogenetic relationship to investigate their roles in JA responses. The group I JAZ6 may play an inhibitory role in resistance to Botrytis cinerea, group II (JAZ10)/III (JAZ11/12) in JA-regulated root growth inhibition and susceptibility to Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato DC3000, and group IV JAZ3/4/9 in flowering time delay and defense against insects. JAZs exhibit high redundancy in apical hook curvature. The undecuple jaz1/2/3/4/5/6/7/9/10/11/12 (jaz1-7,9-12) mutations enhance JA responses and suppress the phenotypes of coi1-1 in flowering time, rosette growth, and defense. The JA hypersensitivity of jaz1-7,9-12 in root growth, hook curvature, and leaf yellowing is blocked by coi1-1. jaz1-7,9-12 does not influence the stamen phenotypes of wild-type and coi1-1. jaz1-7,9-12 affects JA-regulated transcriptional profile and recovers a fraction of that in coi1-1. This study contributes to elucidating the specificity, diversity, and redundancy of JAZ members in JA/COI1-regulated growth, development, and defense responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Gene Resources and Biotechnology for Carbon Reduction and Environmental Improvement, RNA Center, College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
- Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Kyungyong Seong
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3120, USA
| | - Shihai Pang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Gene Resources and Biotechnology for Carbon Reduction and Environmental Improvement, RNA Center, College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Junqiao Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Gene Resources and Biotechnology for Carbon Reduction and Environmental Improvement, RNA Center, College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Hua Gao
- Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Cuili Wang
- Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Gene Resources and Biotechnology for Carbon Reduction and Environmental Improvement, RNA Center, College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Gene Resources and Biotechnology for Carbon Reduction and Environmental Improvement, RNA Center, College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
- Cangzhou Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Cangzhou, 061001, China
| | - Shang Gao
- Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xuedong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Gene Resources and Biotechnology for Carbon Reduction and Environmental Improvement, RNA Center, College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Tiancong Qi
- Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Susheng Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Gene Resources and Biotechnology for Carbon Reduction and Environmental Improvement, RNA Center, College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
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Chincinska IA. Leaf infiltration in plant science: old method, new possibilities. PLANT METHODS 2021; 17:83. [PMID: 34321022 PMCID: PMC8316707 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-021-00782-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The penetration of substances from the surface to deep inside plant tissues is called infiltration. Although various plant tissues may be effectively saturated with externally applied fluid, most described infiltration strategies have been developed for leaves. The infiltration process can be spontaneous (under normal atmospheric pressure) or forced by a pressure difference generated between the lamina surface and the inside of the leaf. Spontaneous infiltration of leaf laminae is possible with the use of liquids with sufficiently low surface tension. Forced infiltration is most commonly performed using needle-less syringes or vacuum pumps.Leaf infiltration is widely used in plant sciences for both research and application purposes, usually as a starting technique to obtain plant material for advanced experimental procedures. Leaf infiltration followed by gentle centrifugation allows to obtain the apoplastic fluid for further analyses including various omics. In studies of plant-microorganism interactions, infiltration is used for the controlled introduction of bacterial suspensions into leaf tissues or for the isolation of microorganisms inhabiting apoplastic spaces of leaves. The methods based on infiltration of target tissues allow the penetration of dyes, fixatives and other substances improving the quality of microscopic imaging. Infiltration has found a special application in plant biotechnology as a method of transient transformation with the use of Agrobacterium suspension (agroinfiltration) enabling genetic modifications of mature plant leaves, including the local induction of mutations using genome editing tools. In plant nanobiotechnology, the leaves of the target plants can be infiltrated with suitably prepared nanoparticles, which can act as light sensors or increase the plant resistance to environmental stress. In addition the infiltration has been also intensively studied due to the undesirable effects of this phenomenon in some food technology sectors, such as accidental contamination of leafy greens with pathogenic bacteria during the vacuum cooling process.This review, inspired by the growing interest of the scientists from various fields of plant science in the phenomenon of infiltration, provides the description of different infiltration methods and summarizes the recent applications of this technique in plant physiology, phytopathology and plant (nano-)biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Anna Chincinska
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland.
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Saito R, Hayashi K, Nomoto H, Nakayama M, Takaoka Y, Saito H, Yamagami S, Muto T, Ueda M. Extended JAZ degron sequence for plant hormone binding in jasmonate co-receptor of tomato SlCOI1-SlJAZ. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13612. [PMID: 34193940 PMCID: PMC8245654 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93067-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
(+)-7-iso-Jasmonoyl-l-isoleucine (JA-Ile) is a lipid-derived phytohormone implicated in plant development, reproduction, and defense in response to pathogens and herbivorous insects. All these effects are instigated by the perception of JA-Ile by the COI1-JAZ co-receptor in the plant body, which in Arabidopsis thaliana is profoundly influenced by the short JAZ degron sequence (V/L)P(Q/I)AR(R/K) of the JAZ protein. Here, we report that SlJAZ-SlCOI1, the COI1-JAZ co-receptor found in the tomato plant, relies on the extended JAZ degron sequence (V/L)P(Q/I)AR(R/K)XSLX instead of the canonical JAZ degron. This finding illuminates our understanding of the mechanism of ligand perception by JA-Ile in this plant, and will inform both efforts to improve it by genetic modification of the SlCOI1-SlJAZ co-receptor, and the development of the synthetic agonists/antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Saito
- Department of Molecular and Chemical Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kengo Hayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Haruna Nomoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Misuzu Nakayama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yousuke Takaoka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Saito
- Center for Basic Education, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokuriku University, Kanazawa, 920-1181, Japan
| | - Souhei Yamagami
- Department of Molecular and Chemical Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Toshiya Muto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Minoru Ueda
- Department of Molecular and Chemical Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan. .,Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan.
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Ming R, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Khan M, Dahro B, Liu JH. The JA-responsive MYC2-BADH-like transcriptional regulatory module in Poncirus trifoliata contributes to cold tolerance by modulation of glycine betaine biosynthesis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 229:2730-2750. [PMID: 33131086 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Glycine betaine (GB) is known to accumulate in plants exposed to cold, but the underlying molecular mechanisms and associated regulatory network remain unclear. Here, we demonstrated that PtrMYC2 of Poncirus trifoliata integrates the jasmonic acid (JA) signal to modulate cold-induced GB accumulation by directly regulating PtrBADH-l, a betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH)-like gene. PtrBADH-l was identified based on transcriptome and expression analysis in P. trifoliata. Overexpression and VIGS (virus-induced gene silencing)-mediated knockdown showed that PtrBADH-l plays a positive role in cold tolerance and GB synthesis. Yeast one-hybrid library screening using PtrBADH-l promoter as baits unraveled PtrMYC2 as an interacting candidate. PtrMYC2 was confirmed to directly bind to two G-box cis-acting elements within PtrBADH-l promoter and acts as a transcriptional activator. In addition, PtrMYC2 functions positively in cold tolerance through modulation of GB synthesis by regulating PtrBADH-l expression. Interestingly, we found that GB accumulation under cold stress was JA-dependent and that PtrMYC2 orchestrates JA-mediated PtrBADH-l upregulation and GB accumulation. This study sheds new light on the roles of MYC2 homolog in modulating GB synthesis. In particular, we propose a transcriptional regulatory module PtrMYC2-PtrBADH-l to advance the understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying the GB accumulation under cold stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhong Ming
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Madiha Khan
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Bachar Dahro
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ji-Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Sun P, Shi Y, Valerio AGO, Borrego EJ, Luo Q, Qin J, Liu K, Yan Y. An updated census of the maize TIFY family. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247271. [PMID: 33621269 PMCID: PMC7901733 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The TIFY gene family is a plant-specific gene family encoding a group of proteins characterized by its namesake, the conservative TIFY domain and members can be organized into four subfamilies: ZML, TIFY, PPD and JAZ (Jasmonate ZIM-domain protein) by presence of additional conserved domains. The TIFY gene family is intensively explored in several model and agriculturally important crop species and here, yet the composition of the TIFY family of maize has remained unresolved. This study increases the number of maize TIFY family members known by 40%, bringing the total to 47 including 38 JAZ, 5 TIFY, and 4 ZML genes. The majority of the newly identified genes were belonging to the JAZ subfamily, six of which had aberrant TIFY domains, suggesting loss JAZ-JAZ or JAZ-NINJA interactions. Six JAZ genes were found to have truncated Jas domain or an altered degron motif, suggesting resistance to classical JAZ degradation. In addition, seven membranes were found to have an LxLxL-type EAR motif which allows them to recruit TPL/TPP co-repressors directly without association to NINJA. Expression analysis revealed that ZmJAZ14 was specifically expressed in the seeds and ZmJAZ19 and 22 in the anthers, while the majority of other ZmJAZs were generally highly expressed across diverse tissue types. Additionally, ZmJAZ genes were highly responsive to wounding and JA treatment. This study provides a comprehensive update of the maize TIFY/JAZ gene family paving the way for functional, physiological, and ecological analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingdong Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Crop Breeding & Cultivation Research Institution, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yannan Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aga Guido Okwana Valerio
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Eli James Borrego
- Thomas H. Gosnell School of Life Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Qingyun Luo
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanxin Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail:
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Ma L, Sun Y, Ruan X, Huang PC, Wang S, Li S, Zhou Y, Wang F, Cao Y, Wang Q, Wang Z, Kolomiets MV, Gao X. Genome-Wide Characterization of Jasmonates Signaling Components Reveals the Essential Role of ZmCOI1a-ZmJAZ15 Action Module in Regulating Maize Immunity to Gibberella Stalk Rot. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E870. [PMID: 33467172 PMCID: PMC7830991 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gibberella stalk rot (GSR) by Fusarium graminearum causes significant losses of maize production worldwide. Jasmonates (JAs) have been broadly known in regulating defense against pathogens through the homeostasis of active JAs and COI-JAZ-MYC function module. However, the functions of different molecular species of JAs and COI-JAZ-MYC module in maize interactions with Fusarium graminearum and regulation of diverse metabolites remain unknown. In this study, we found that exogenous application of MeJA strongly enhanced resistance to GSR. RNA-seq analysis showed that MeJA activated multiple genes in JA pathways, which prompted us to perform a genome-wide screening of key JA signaling components in maize. Yeast Two-Hybrid, Split-Luciferase, and Pull-down assays revealed that the JA functional and structural mimic coronatine (COR) functions as an essential ligand to trigger the interaction between ZmCOIa and ZmJAZ15. By deploying CRISPR-cas9 knockout and Mutator insertional mutants, we demonstrated that coi1a mutant is more resistant, whereas jaz15 mutant is more susceptible to GSR. Moreover, JA-deficient opr7-5opr8-2 mutant displayed enhanced resistance to GSR compared to wild type. Together, these results provide strong evidence that ZmJAZ15 plays a pivotal role, whereas ZmCOIa and endogenous JA itself might function as susceptibility factors, in maize immunity to GSR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (L.M.); (Y.S.); (X.R.); (S.W.); (S.L.); (F.W.); (Y.C.); (Q.W.)
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yali Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (L.M.); (Y.S.); (X.R.); (S.W.); (S.L.); (F.W.); (Y.C.); (Q.W.)
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xinsen Ruan
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (L.M.); (Y.S.); (X.R.); (S.W.); (S.L.); (F.W.); (Y.C.); (Q.W.)
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Pei-Cheng Huang
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840-2132, USA; (P.-C.H.); (M.V.K.)
| | - Shi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (L.M.); (Y.S.); (X.R.); (S.W.); (S.L.); (F.W.); (Y.C.); (Q.W.)
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shunfa Li
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (L.M.); (Y.S.); (X.R.); (S.W.); (S.L.); (F.W.); (Y.C.); (Q.W.)
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.W.)
| | - Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (L.M.); (Y.S.); (X.R.); (S.W.); (S.L.); (F.W.); (Y.C.); (Q.W.)
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yu Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (L.M.); (Y.S.); (X.R.); (S.W.); (S.L.); (F.W.); (Y.C.); (Q.W.)
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (L.M.); (Y.S.); (X.R.); (S.W.); (S.L.); (F.W.); (Y.C.); (Q.W.)
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhenhua Wang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.W.)
| | - Michael V. Kolomiets
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840-2132, USA; (P.-C.H.); (M.V.K.)
| | - Xiquan Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (L.M.); (Y.S.); (X.R.); (S.W.); (S.L.); (F.W.); (Y.C.); (Q.W.)
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Tyagi S, Kumar R, Kumar V, Won SY, Shukla P. Engineering disease resistant plants through CRISPR-Cas9 technology. GM CROPS & FOOD 2021; 12:125-144. [PMID: 33079628 PMCID: PMC7583490 DOI: 10.1080/21645698.2020.1831729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Plants are susceptible to phytopathogens, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses, which cause colossal financial shortfalls (pre- and post-harvest) and threaten global food safety. To combat with these phytopathogens, plant possesses two-layer of defense in the form of PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI), or Effectors-triggered immunity (ETI). The understanding of plant-molecular interactions and revolution of high-throughput molecular techniques have opened the door for innovations in developing pathogen-resistant plants. In this context, Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) has transformed genome editing (GE) technology and being harnessed for altering the traits. Here we have summarized the complexities of plant immune system and the use of CRISPR-Cas9 to edit the various components of plant immune system to acquire long-lasting resistance in plants against phytopathogens. This review also sheds the light on the limitations of CRISPR-Cas9 system, regulation of CRISPR-Cas9 edited crops and future prospective of this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Tyagi
- Genomic Division, National Institute of Agriculture Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Robin Kumar
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Acharya Narendra Dev University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya, India
- Department of Agriculture Engineering, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, India
| | - Vivak Kumar
- Department of Agriculture Engineering, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, India
| | - So Youn Won
- Genomic Division, National Institute of Agriculture Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Pratyoosh Shukla
- Enzyme Technology and Protein Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
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Aerts N, Pereira Mendes M, Van Wees SCM. Multiple levels of crosstalk in hormone networks regulating plant defense. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 105:489-504. [PMID: 33617121 PMCID: PMC7898868 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Plant hormones are essential for regulating the interactions between plants and their complex biotic and abiotic environments. Each hormone initiates a specific molecular pathway and these different hormone pathways are integrated in a complex network of synergistic, antagonistic and additive interactions. This inter-pathway communication is called hormone crosstalk. By influencing the immune network topology, hormone crosstalk is essential for tailoring plant responses to diverse microbes and insects in diverse environmental and internal contexts. Crosstalk provides robustness to the immune system but also drives specificity of induced defense responses against the plethora of biotic interactors. Recent advances in dry-lab and wet-lab techniques have greatly enhanced our understanding of the broad-scale effects of hormone crosstalk on immune network functioning and have revealed underlying principles of crosstalk mechanisms. Molecular studies have demonstrated that hormone crosstalk is modulated at multiple levels of regulation, such as by affecting protein stability, gene transcription and hormone homeostasis. These new insights into hormone crosstalk regulation of plant defense are reviewed here, with a focus on crosstalk acting on the jasmonic acid pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana, highlighting the transcription factors MYC2 and ORA59 as major targets for modulation by other hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Aerts
- Plant‐Microbe InteractionsDepartment of BiologyScience4LifeUtrecht UniversityP.O. Box 800.56Utrecht3408 TBThe Netherlands
| | - Marciel Pereira Mendes
- Plant‐Microbe InteractionsDepartment of BiologyScience4LifeUtrecht UniversityP.O. Box 800.56Utrecht3408 TBThe Netherlands
| | - Saskia C. M. Van Wees
- Plant‐Microbe InteractionsDepartment of BiologyScience4LifeUtrecht UniversityP.O. Box 800.56Utrecht3408 TBThe Netherlands
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Xiang Q, Lott AA, Assmann SM, Chen S. Advances and perspectives in the metabolomics of stomatal movement and the disease triangle. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 302:110697. [PMID: 33288010 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Crops are continuously exposed to microbial pathogens that cause tremendous yield losses worldwide. Stomatal pores formed by pairs of specialized guard cells in the leaf epidermis represent a major route of pathogen entry. Guard cells have an essential role as a first line of defense against pathogens. Metabolomics is an indispensable systems biology tool that has facilitated discovery and functional studies of metabolites that regulate stomatal movement in response to pathogens and other environmental factors. Guard cells, pathogens and environmental factors constitute the "stomatal disease triangle". The aim of this review is to highlight recent advances toward understanding the stomatal disease triangle in the context of newly discovered signaling molecules, hormone crosstalk, and consequent molecular changes that integrate pathogens and environmental sensing into stomatal immune responses. Future perspectives on emerging single-cell studies, multiomics and molecular imaging in the context of stomatal defense are discussed. Advances in this important area of plant biology will inform rational crop engineering and breeding for enhanced stomatal defense without disruption of other pathways that impact crop yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyuan Xiang
- Department of Biology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Aneirin A Lott
- Department of Biology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA; Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, FL, USA
| | - Sarah M Assmann
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - Sixue Chen
- Department of Biology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA; Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, FL, USA; Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of Florida, FL, USA.
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43
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Bhat MA, Bhat MA, Kumar V, Wani IA, Bashir H, Shah AA, Rahman S, Jan AT. The era of editing plant genomes using CRISPR/Cas: A critical appraisal. J Biotechnol 2020; 324:34-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Gupta A, Bhardwaj M, Tran LSP. Jasmonic Acid at the Crossroads of Plant Immunity and Pseudomonas syringae Virulence. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7482. [PMID: 33050569 PMCID: PMC7589129 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensing of pathogen infection by plants elicits early signals that are transduced to affect defense mechanisms, such as effective blockage of pathogen entry by regulation of stomatal closure, cuticle, or callose deposition, change in water potential, and resource acquisition among many others. Pathogens, on the other hand, interfere with plant physiology and protein functioning to counteract plant defense responses. In plants, hormonal homeostasis and signaling are tightly regulated; thus, the phytohormones are qualified as a major group of signaling molecules controlling the most widely tinkered regulatory networks of defense and counter-defense strategies. Notably, the phytohormone jasmonic acid mediates plant defense responses to a wide array of pathogens. In this review, we present the synopsis on the jasmonic acid metabolism and signaling, and the regulatory roles of this hormone in plant defense against the hemibiotrophic bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae. We also elaborate on how this pathogen releases virulence factors and effectors to gain control over plant jasmonic acid signaling to effectively cause disease. The findings discussed in this review may lead to ideas for the development of crop cultivars with enhanced disease resistance by genetic manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarti Gupta
- Department of Life Sciences, POSTECH Biotech Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea;
| | - Mamta Bhardwaj
- Department of Botany, Hindu Girls College, Maharshi Dayanand University, Sonipat 131001, India;
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
- Stress Adaptation Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-19 22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
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45
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Zhang J, Coaker G, Zhou JM, Dong X. Plant Immune Mechanisms: From Reductionistic to Holistic Points of View. MOLECULAR PLANT 2020; 13:1358-1378. [PMID: 32916334 PMCID: PMC7541739 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2020.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
After three decades of the amazing progress made on molecular studies of plant-microbe interactions (MPMI), we have begun to ask ourselves "what are the major questions still remaining?" as if the puzzle has only a few pieces missing. Such an exercise has ultimately led to the realization that we still have many more questions than answers. Therefore, it would be an impossible task for us to project a coherent "big picture" of the MPMI field in a single review. Instead, we provide our opinions on where we would like to go in our research as an invitation to the community to join us in this exploration of new MPMI frontiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, College of Advanced Agricutural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Gitta Coaker
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Jian-Min Zhou
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, College of Advanced Agricutural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xinnian Dong
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Department of Biology, Duke University, PO Box 90338, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
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Pang Q, Zhang T, Zhang A, Lin C, Kong W, Chen S. Proteomics and phosphoproteomics revealed molecular networks of stomatal immune responses. PLANTA 2020; 252:66. [PMID: 32979085 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03474-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic protein and phosphoprotein profiles uncovered the overall regulation of stomata movement against pathogen invasion and phosphorylation states of proteins involved in ABA, SA, calcium and ROS signaling, which may modulate the stomatal immune response. Stomatal openings represent a major route of pathogen entry into the plant, and plants have evolved mechanisms to regulate stomatal aperture as innate immune response against bacterial invasion. However, the mechanisms underlying stomatal immunity are not fully understood. Taking advantage of high-throughput liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS), we performed label-free proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses of enriched guard cells in response to a bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000. In total, 495 proteins and 1229 phosphoproteins were identified as differentially regulated. These proteins are involved in a variety of signaling pathways, including abscisic acid and salicylic acid hormone signaling, calcium and reactive oxygen species signaling. We also showed that dynamic changes of phosphoprotein WRKY transcription factors may play a crucial role in regulating stomata movement in plant immunity. The identified proteins/phosphoproteins and the pathways form interactive molecular networks to regulate stomatal immunity. This study has provided new insights into the multifaceted mechanisms of stomatal immunity. The differential proteins and phosphoproteins are potential targets for engineering or breeding of crops for enhanced pathogen defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuying Pang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Aiqin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Chuwei Lin
- Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Wenwen Kong
- Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sixue Chen
- Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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Papik J, Folkmanova M, Polivkova-Majorova M, Suman J, Uhlik O. The invisible life inside plants: Deciphering the riddles of endophytic bacterial diversity. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 44:107614. [PMID: 32858117 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Endophytic bacteria often promote plant growth and protect their host plant against pathogens, herbivores, and abiotic stresses including drought, increased salinity or pollution. Current agricultural practices are being challenged in terms of climate change and the ever-increasing demand for food. Therefore, the rational exploitation of bacterial endophytes to increase the productivity and resistance of crops appears to be very promising. However, the efficient and larger-scale use of bacterial endophytes for more effective and sustainable agriculture is hindered by very little knowledge on molecular aspects of plant-endophyte interactions and mechanisms driving bacterial communities in planta. In addition, since most of the information on bacterial endophytes has been obtained through culture-dependent techniques, endophytic bacterial diversity and its full biotechnological potential still remain highly unexplored. In this study, we discuss the diversity and role of endophytic populations as well as complex interactions that the endophytes have with the plant and vice versa, including the interactions leading to plant colonization. A description of biotic and abiotic factors influencing endophytic bacterial communities is provided, along with a summary of different methodologies suitable for determining the diversity of bacterial endophytes, mechanisms governing the assembly and structure of bacterial communities in the endosphere, and potential biotechnological applications of endophytes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Papik
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Magdalena Folkmanova
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Polivkova-Majorova
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jachym Suman
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Uhlik
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Yastreb TO, Kolupaev YE, Shkliarevskyi MA, Dyachenko AI, Dmitriev AP. Involvement of Jasmonate Signaling Components in Salt Stress-Induced Stomatal Closure in Arabidopsis thaliana. CYTOL GENET+ 2020. [DOI: 10.3103/s009545272004012x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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49
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OsJAZ13 Negatively Regulates Jasmonate Signaling and Activates Hypersensitive Cell Death Response in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124379. [PMID: 32575555 PMCID: PMC7352843 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Jasmonate ZIM-domain (JAZ) proteins belong to the subgroup of TIFY family and act as key regulators of jasmonate (JA) responses in plants. To date, only a few JAZ proteins have been characterized in rice. Here, we report the identification and function of rice OsJAZ13 gene. The gene encodes three different splice variants: OsJAZ13a, OsJAZ13b, and OsJAZ13c. The expression of OsJAZ13 was mainly activated in vegetative tissues and transiently responded to JA and ethylene. Subcellular localization analysis indicated OsJAZ13a is a nuclear protein. Yeast two-hybrid assays revealed OsJAZ13a directly interacts with OsMYC2, and also with OsCOI1, in a COR-dependent manner. Furthermore, OsJAZ13a recruited a general co-repressor OsTPL via an adaptor protein OsNINJA. Remarkably, overexpression of OsJAZ13a resulted in the attenuation of root by methyl JA. Furthermore, OsJAZ13a-overexpressing plants developed lesion mimics in the sheath after approximately 30–45 days of growth. Tillers with necrosis died a few days later. Gene-expression analysis suggested the role of OsJAZ13 in modulating the expression of JA/ethylene response-related genes to regulate growth and activate hypersensitive cell death. Taken together, these observations describe a novel regulatory mechanism in rice and provide the basis for elucidating the function of OsJAZ13 in signal transduction and cell death in plants.
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50
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Ortigosa A, Fonseca S, Franco-Zorrilla JM, Fernández-Calvo P, Zander M, Lewsey MG, García-Casado G, Fernández-Barbero G, Ecker JR, Solano R. The JA-pathway MYC transcription factors regulate photomorphogenic responses by targeting HY5 gene expression. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 102:138-152. [PMID: 31755159 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonates are key regulators of the balance between defence and growth in plants. However, the molecular mechanisms by which activation of defence reduces growth are not yet fully understood. Here, we analyze the role of MYC transcription factors (TFs) and jasmonic acid (JA) in photomorphogenic growth. We found that multiple myc mutants share light-associated phenotypes with mutants of the phytochrome B photoreceptor, such as delayed seed germination in the dark and long hypocotyl growth. Overexpression of MYC2 in a phyB background partially suppressed its long hypocotyl phenotype. Transcriptomic analysis of multiple myc mutants confirmed that MYCs are required for full expression of red (R) light-regulated genes, including the master regulator HY5. ChIP-seq analyses revealed that MYC2 and MYC3 bind directly to the promoter of HY5 and that HY5 gene expression and protein levels are compromised in multiple myc mutants. Altogether, our results pinpoint MYCs as photomorphogenic TFs that control phytochrome responses by activating HY5 expression. This has important implications in understanding the trade-off between growth and defence as the same TFs that activate defence responses are photomorphogenic growth regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Ortigosa
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CNB-CSIC), 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Fonseca
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CNB-CSIC), 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Franco-Zorrilla
- Genomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CNB-CSIC), 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Fernández-Calvo
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CNB-CSIC), 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mark Zander
- Plant Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Mathew G Lewsey
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, La Trobe University, AgriBio Building, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia
- Australian Research Council Research Hub for Medicinal Agriculture, Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, AgriBio Building, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Gloria García-Casado
- Genomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CNB-CSIC), 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Fernández-Barbero
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CNB-CSIC), 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joseph R Ecker
- Plant Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Roberto Solano
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CNB-CSIC), 28049, Madrid, Spain
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