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Liu H, Wang Y, Chang Q, Li Q, Fang J, Cao N, Tong X, Jiang X, Yu X, Cheng Y. Combined metabolome and transcriptome reveal HmF6'H1 regulating simple coumarin accumulation against powdery mildew infection in Heracleum moellendorffii Hance. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:507. [PMID: 38844853 PMCID: PMC11155083 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05185-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Powdery mildew, caused by Eeysiphe heraclei, seriously threatens Heracleum moellendorffii Hance. Plant secondary metabolites are essential to many activities and are necessary for defense against biotic stress. In order to clarify the functions of these metabolites in response to the pathogen, our work concentrated on the variations in the accumulation of secondary metabolites in H. moellendorffii during E. heraclei infection. RESULTS Following E. heraclei infection, a significant upregulation of coumarin metabolites-particularly simple coumarins and associated genes was detected by RNA-seq and UPLC-MS/MS association analysis. Identifying HmF6'H1, a Feruloyl CoA 6'-hydroxylase pivotal in the biosynthesis of the coumarin basic skeleton through ortho-hydroxylation, was a significant outcome. The cytoplasmic HmF6'H1 protein was shown to be able to catalyze the ortho-hydroxylation of p-coumaroyl-CoA and caffeoyl-CoA, resulting in the formation of umbelliferone and esculetin, respectively. Over-expression of the HmF6'H1 gene resulted in increased levels of simple coumarins, inhibiting the biosynthesis of furanocoumarins and pyranocoumarins by suppressing PT gene expression, enhancing H. moellendorffii resistance to powdery mildew. CONCLUSIONS These results established HmF6'H1 as a resistance gene aiding H. moellendorffii in combatting E. heraclei infection, offering additional evidence of feruloyl-CoA 6'-hydroxylase role in catalyzing various types of simple coumarins. Therefore, this work contributes to our understanding of the function of simple coumarins in plants' defense against powdery mildew infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanbing Liu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yiran Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - QinZheng Chang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Qiubi Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jiahui Fang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Ning Cao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xuejiao Tong
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xinmei Jiang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xihong Yu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yao Cheng
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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Fossdal CG, Krokene P, Olsen JE, Strimbeck R, Viejo M, Yakovlev I, Mageroy MH. Epigenetic stress memory in gymnosperms. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 195:1117-1133. [PMID: 38298164 PMCID: PMC11142372 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Gymnosperms are long-lived, cone-bearing seed plants that include some of the most ancient extant plant species. These relict land plants have evolved to survive in habitats marked by chronic or episodic stress. Their ability to thrive in these environments is partly due to their phenotypic flexibility, and epigenetic regulation likely plays a crucial part in this plasticity. We review the current knowledge on abiotic and biotic stress memory in gymnosperms and the possible epigenetic mechanisms underlying long-term phenotypic adaptations. We also discuss recent technological improvements and new experimental possibilities that likely will advance our understanding of epigenetic regulation in these ancient and hard-to-study plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Gunnar Fossdal
- Division of Plant Health and Biotechnology, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Ås 1431, Norway
| | - Paal Krokene
- Division of Plant Health and Biotechnology, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Ås 1431, Norway
| | - Jorunn Elisabeth Olsen
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås 1432, Norway
| | - Richard Strimbeck
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Marcos Viejo
- Department of Functional Biology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Igor Yakovlev
- Division of Plant Health and Biotechnology, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Ås 1431, Norway
| | - Melissa H Mageroy
- Division of Plant Health and Biotechnology, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Ås 1431, Norway
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Jaskolowski A, Poirier Y. Phosphate deficiency increases plant susceptibility to Botrytis cinerea infection by inducing the abscisic acid pathway. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38804074 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Plants have evolved finely regulated defense systems to counter biotic and abiotic threats. In the natural environment, plants are typically challenged by simultaneous stresses and, amid such conditions, crosstalk between the activated signaling pathways becomes evident, ultimately altering the outcome of the defense response. As an example of combined biotic and abiotic stresses, inorganic phosphate (Pi) deficiency, common in natural and agricultural environments, can occur along with attack by the fungus Botrytis cinerea, a devastating necrotrophic generalist pathogen responsible for massive crop losses. We report that Pi deficiency in Arabidopsis thaliana increases its susceptibility to infection by B. cinerea by influencing the early stages of pathogen infection, namely spore adhesion and germination on the leaf surface. Remarkably, Pi-deficient plants are more susceptible to B. cinerea despite displaying the appropriate activation of the jasmonic acid and ethylene signaling pathways, as well as producing secondary defense metabolites and reactive oxygen species. Conversely, the callose deposition in response to B. cinerea infection is compromised under Pi-deficient conditions. The levels of abscisic acid (ABA) are increased in Pi-deficient plants, and the heightened susceptibility to B. cinerea observed under Pi deficiency can be reverted by blocking ABA biosynthesis. Furthermore, high level of leaf ABA induced by overexpression of NCED6 in Pi-sufficient plants also resulted in greater susceptibility to B. cinerea infection associated with increased spore adhesion and germination, and reduced callose deposition. Our findings reveal a link between the enhanced accumulation of ABA induced by Pi deficiency and an increased sensitivity to B. cinerea infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aime Jaskolowski
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yves Poirier
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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4
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Derbyshire MC, Newman TE, Thomas WJW, Batley J, Edwards D. The complex relationship between disease resistance and yield in crops. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024. [PMID: 38743906 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
In plants, growth and defence are controlled by many molecular pathways that are antagonistic to one another. This results in a 'growth-defence trade-off', where plants temporarily reduce growth in response to pests or diseases. Due to this antagonism, genetic variants that improve resistance often reduce growth and vice versa. Therefore, in natural populations, the most disease resistant individuals are often the slowest growing. In crops, slow growth may translate into a yield penalty, but resistance is essential for protecting yield in the presence of disease. Therefore, plant breeders must balance these traits to ensure optimal yield potential and yield stability. In crops, both qualitative and quantitative disease resistance are often linked with genetic variants that cause yield penalties, but this is not always the case. Furthermore, both crop yield and disease resistance are complex traits influenced by many aspects of the plant's physiology, morphology and environment, and the relationship between the molecular growth-defence trade-off and disease resistance-yield antagonism is not well-understood. In this article, we highlight research from the last 2 years on the molecular mechanistic basis of the antagonism between defence and growth. We then discuss the interaction between disease resistance and crop yield from a breeding perspective, outlining the complexity and nuances of this relationship and where research can aid practical methods for simultaneous improvement of yield potential and disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C Derbyshire
- Centre for Crop and Disease Management, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Toby E Newman
- Centre for Crop and Disease Management, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - William J W Thomas
- Centre for Applied Bioinformatics and School of Biological Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Batley
- Centre for Applied Bioinformatics and School of Biological Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - David Edwards
- Centre for Applied Bioinformatics and School of Biological Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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5
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Sun T, Wang Y, Wu X, Wang Y, Yang A, Ye J. Pinus thunbergii Parl. Somatic Plants' Resistance to Bursaphelenchus xylophilus Depends on Pathogen-Induced Differential Transcriptomic Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5156. [PMID: 38791195 PMCID: PMC11121521 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Pinus thunbergii Parl. is an economically and medicinally important plant, as well as a world-renowned horticultural species of the Pinus genus. Pine wilt disease is a dangerous condition that affects P. thunbergii. However, understanding of the genetics underlying resistance to this disease is poor. Our findings reveal that P. thunbergii's resistance mechanism is based on differential transcriptome responses generated by the early presence of the pathogen Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, also known as the pine wood nematode. A transcriptome analysis (RNA-seq) was performed to examine gene expression in shoot tissues from resistant and susceptible P. thunbergii trees. RNA samples were collected from the shoots of inoculated pines throughout the infection phases by the virulent Bursaphelenchus xylophilus AMA3 strain. The photosynthesis and plant-pathogen interaction pathways were significantly enriched in the first and third days after infection. Flavonoid biosynthesis was induced in response to late infestation (7 and 14 days post-infestation). Calmodulin, RBOH, HLC protein, RPS, PR1, and genes implicated in phytohormone crosstalk (e.g., SGT1, MYC2, PP2C, and ERF1) showed significant alterations between resistant and susceptible trees. Furthermore, salicylic acid was found to aid pine wood nematodes tolerate adverse conditions and boost reproduction, which may be significant for pine wood nematode colonization within pines. These findings provide new insights into how host defenses overcame pine wood nematode infection in the early stage, which could potentially contribute to the development of novel strategies for the control of pine wilt disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu Sun
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (T.S.)
| | - Yahui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Germplasm Resources Creation, Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Horticulture Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230041, China
| | - Xiaoqin Wu
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (T.S.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Institude of Forest Pest Control, Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang 330032, China
| | - Aixia Yang
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (T.S.)
| | - Jianren Ye
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (T.S.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing 210037, China
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Yang S, Wan M, Cheng X, Cheng Q, Shen H. A 14-3-3 Protein Ca16R Acts Positively in Pepper Immunity against Ralstonia solanacearum by Interacting with CaASR1. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1289. [PMID: 38794360 PMCID: PMC11125135 DOI: 10.3390/plants13101289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Although 14-3-3 proteins have been implicated in plant growth, development, and stress response, their roles in pepper immunity against R. solanacearum remain poorly understood. In this study, a 14-3-3-encoding gene in pepper, Ca16R, was found to be upregulated by R. solanacearum inoculation (RSI), its silencing significantly reduced the resistance of pepper plants to RSI, and its overexpression significantly enhanced the resistance of Nicotiana benthamiana to RSI. Consistently, its transient overexpression in pepper leaves triggered HR cell death, indicating that it acts positively in pepper immunity against RSI, and it was further found to act positively in pepper immunity against RSI by promoting SA but repressing JA signaling. Ca16R was also found to interact with CaASR1, originally using pull-down combined with a spectrum assay, and then confirmed using bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) and a pull-down assay. Furthermore, we found that CaASR1 transient overexpression induced HR cell death and SA-dependent immunity while repressing JA signaling, although this induction and repression was blocked by Ca16R silencing. All these data indicate that Ca16R acts positively in pepper immunity against RSI by interacting with CaASR1, thereby promoting SA-mediated immunity while repressing JA signaling. These results provide new insight into mechanisms underlying pepper immunity against RSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Yang
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Meiyun Wan
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (M.W.); (X.C.)
| | - Xingge Cheng
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (M.W.); (X.C.)
| | - Qing Cheng
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Huolin Shen
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
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Fortier CE, Musso AE, Evenden ML, Zaharia LI, Cooke JEK. Evidence that Ophiostomatoid Fungal Symbionts of Mountain Pine Beetle Do Not Play a Role in Overcoming Lodgepole Pine Defenses During Mass Attack. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2024; 37:445-458. [PMID: 38240660 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-06-23-0077-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Mountain pine beetle (MPB; Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) is a devastating forest insect pest that has killed millions of hectares of pines in western North America over the past two decades. Like other bark beetles, MPB vectors ophiostomatoid fungal species, some of which are pathogenic to host pine species. The phytopathogenicity of these fungal symbionts has sparked considerable debate regarding their role in facilitating MPB attack success. We tested the hypothesis that MPB ophiostomatoid fungal associates like Grosmannia clavigera (Robinson-Jeffrey and Davidson) Zipfel, de Beer and Wingfield contribute to overwhelming host defenses during MPB mass attack. We compared responses of mature lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia Engelm.) trees growing in natural stands that were mass attacked by MPB with those inoculated with G. clavigera by examining host defense hormones, secondary metabolites, and gene expression profiles. The jasmonate and ethylene signatures of necrotrophic pathogen-triggered response were identified in G. clavigera-inoculated trees, but only the jasmonate signature of a herbivore-triggered response was measured in MPB-attacked trees. Several G. clavigera-induced changes in pine phenolic metabolite profiles and phenolic biosynthesis gene expression patterns were absent in MPB-attacked pines. These findings indicate that ophiostomatoid fungi like G. clavigera are not a major factor in overwhelming host defenses during MPB mass attack. Instead, fungal pathogenicity likely is more important in aiding MPB colonization and development within the host tree. Phenolics appear to play a larger role in the host response to G. clavigera than to MPB, although phenolics may also influence MPB feeding and behavior. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen E Fortier
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Antonia E Musso
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Maya L Evenden
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - L Irina Zaharia
- National Research Council of Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Centre, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W9, Canada
| | - Janice E K Cooke
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E9, Canada
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Calderón AA, Almagro L, Martínez-Calderón A, Ferrer MA. Transcriptional reprogramming in sound-treated Micro-Tom plants inoculated with Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14335. [PMID: 38705728 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Sound vibrations (SV) are known to influence molecular and physiological processes that can improve crop performance and yield. In this study, the effects of three audible frequencies (100, 500 and 1000 Hz) at constant amplitude (90 dB) on tomato Micro-Tom physiological responses were evaluated 1 and 3 days post-treatment. Moreover, the potential use of SV treatment as priming agent for improved Micro-Tom resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 was tested by microarray. Results showed that the SV-induced physiological changes were frequency- and time-dependent, with the largest changes registered at 1000 Hz at day 3. SV treatments tended to alter the foliar content of photosynthetic pigments, soluble proteins, sugars, phenolic composition, and the enzymatic activity of polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase. Microarray data revealed that 1000 Hz treatment is effective in eliciting transcriptional reprogramming in tomato plants grown under normal conditions, but particularly after the infection with Pst DC3000. Broadly, in plants challenged with Pst DC3000, the 1000 Hz pretreatment provoked the up-regulation of unique differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in cell wall reinforcement, phenylpropanoid pathway and defensive proteins. In addition, in those plants, DEGs associated with enhancing plant basal immunity, such as proteinase inhibitors, pathogenesis-related proteins, and carbonic anhydrase 3, were notably up-regulated in comparison with non-SV pretreated, infected plants. These findings provide new insights into the modulation of Pst DC3000-tomato interaction by sound and open up prospects for further development of strategies for plant disease management through the reinforcement of defense mechanisms in Micro-Tom plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio A Calderón
- Departamento de Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain
| | - Lorena Almagro
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - María A Ferrer
- Departamento de Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain
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Gao M, Hao Z, Ning Y, He Z. Revisiting growth-defence trade-offs and breeding strategies in crops. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 22:1198-1205. [PMID: 38410834 PMCID: PMC11022801 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Plants have evolved a multi-layered immune system to fight off pathogens. However, immune activation is costly and is often associated with growth and development penalty. In crops, yield is the main breeding target and is usually affected by high disease resistance. Therefore, proper balance between growth and defence is critical for achieving efficient crop improvement. This review highlights recent advances in attempts designed to alleviate the trade-offs between growth and disease resistance in crops mediated by resistance (R) genes, susceptibility (S) genes and pleiotropic genes. We also provide an update on strategies for optimizing the growth-defence trade-offs to breed future crops with desirable disease resistance and high yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Gao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco‐Chongming, School of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zeyun Hao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yuese Ning
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zuhua He
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
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10
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Henchiri H, Rayapuram N, Alhoraibi HM, Caïus J, Paysant-Le Roux C, Citerne S, Hirt H, Colcombet J, Sturbois B, Bigeard J. Integrated multi-omics and genetic analyses reveal molecular determinants underlying Arabidopsis snap33 mutant phenotype. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 118:1016-1035. [PMID: 38281242 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
The secretory pathway is essential for plant immunity, delivering diverse antimicrobial molecules into the extracellular space. Arabidopsis thaliana soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive-factor attachment protein receptor SNAP33 is a key actor of this process. The snap33 mutant displays dwarfism and necrotic lesions, however the molecular determinants of its macroscopic phenotypes remain elusive. Here, we isolated several new snap33 mutants that exhibited constitutive cell death and H2O2 accumulation, further defining snap33 as an autoimmune mutant. We then carried out quantitative transcriptomic and proteomic analyses showing that numerous defense transcripts and proteins were up-regulated in the snap33 mutant, among which genes/proteins involved in defense hormone, pattern-triggered immunity, and nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich-repeat receptor signaling. qRT-PCR analyses and hormone dosages supported these results. Furthermore, genetic analyses elucidated the diverse contributions of the main defense hormones and some nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich-repeat receptor signaling actors in the establishment of the snap33 phenotype, emphasizing the preponderant role of salicylic acid over other defense phytohormones. Moreover, the accumulation of pattern-triggered immunity and nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich-repeat receptor signaling proteins in the snap33 mutant was confirmed by immunoblotting analyses and further shown to be salicylic acid-dependent. Collectively, this study unveiled molecular determinants underlying the Arabidopsis snap33 mutant phenotype and brought new insights into autoimmunity signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houda Henchiri
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Université Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Université Paris-Cité, CNRS, INRAE, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Naganand Rayapuram
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanna M Alhoraibi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21551, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - José Caïus
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Université Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Université Paris-Cité, CNRS, INRAE, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Christine Paysant-Le Roux
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Université Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Université Paris-Cité, CNRS, INRAE, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Sylvie Citerne
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Heribert Hirt
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jean Colcombet
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Université Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Université Paris-Cité, CNRS, INRAE, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Bénédicte Sturbois
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Université Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Université Paris-Cité, CNRS, INRAE, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jean Bigeard
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Université Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Université Paris-Cité, CNRS, INRAE, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Del Corpo D, Coculo D, Greco M, De Lorenzo G, Lionetti V. Pull the fuzes: Processing protein precursors to generate apoplastic danger signals for triggering plant immunity. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024:100931. [PMID: 38689495 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2024.100931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The apoplast is one of the first cellular compartments outside the plasma membrane encountered by phytopathogenic microbes in the early stages of plant tissue invasion. Plants have developed sophisticated surveillance mechanisms to sense danger events at the cell surface and promptly activate immunity. However, a fine tuning of the activation of immune pathways is necessary to mount a robust and effective defense response. Several endogenous proteins and enzymes are synthesized as inactive precursors, and their post-translational processing has emerged as a critical mechanism for triggering alarms in the apoplast. In this review, we focus on the precursors of phytocytokines, cell wall remodeling enzymes, and proteases. The physiological events that convert inactive precursors into immunomodulatory active peptides or enzymes are described. This review also explores the functional synergies among phytocytokines, cell wall damage-associated molecular patterns, and remodeling, highlighting their roles in boosting extracellular immunity and reinforcing defenses against pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Del Corpo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin," Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Coculo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin," Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Greco
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin," Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia De Lorenzo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin," Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Lionetti
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin," Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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12
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Xu T, Zheng X, Yang Y, Yang S, Yi X, Yu C, Luo L, Wang J, Cheng T, Zhang Q, Pan H. Indole-3 acetic acid negatively regulates rose black spot disease resistance through antagonizing the salicylic acid signaling pathway via jasmonic acid. PLANTA 2024; 259:129. [PMID: 38639804 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04406-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION IAA cooperates with JA to inhibit SA and negatively regulates rose black spot disease resistance. Black spot disease caused by the fungus Marssonina rosae is the most prevalent and severe ailment in rose cultivation, leading to the appearance of black spots on leaves and eventual leaf fall, significantly impacting the utilization of roses in gardens. Salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) are pivotal hormones that collaborate with indole-3 acetic acid (IAA) in regulating plant defense responses; however, the detailed mechanisms underlying the induction of black spot disease resistance by IAA, JA, and SA remain unclear. In this study, transcript analysis was conducted on resistant (R13-54) and susceptible (R12-26) lines following M. rosae infection. In addition, the impact of exogenous interference with IAA on SA- and JA-mediated disease resistance was examined. The continuous accumulation of JA, in synergy with IAA, inhibited activation of the SA signaling pathway in the early infection stage, thereby negatively regulating the induction of effective resistance to black spot disease. IAA administration alleviated the inhibition of SA on JA to negatively regulate the resistance of susceptible strains by further enhancing the synthesis and accumulation of JA. However, IAA did not contribute to the negative regulation of black spot resistance when high levels of JA were inhibited. Virus-induced gene silencing of RcTIFY10A, an inhibitor of the JA signaling pathway, further suggested that IAA upregulation led to a decrease in disease resistance, a phenomenon not observed when the JA signal was inhibited. Collectively, these findings indicate that the IAA-mediated negative regulation of black spot disease resistance relies on activation of the JA signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingliang Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding; National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province for Landscape Plants Research, Plateau Flower Research Centre, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Xiaowen Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province for Landscape Plants Research, Plateau Flower Research Centre, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding; National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Shumin Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding; National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xingwan Yi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding; National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chao Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding; National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Le Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding; National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding; National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Tangren Cheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding; National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Qixiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding; National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Huitang Pan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding; National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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13
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Huang S, Wang C, Ding Z, Zhao Y, Dai J, Li J, Huang H, Wang T, Zhu M, Feng M, Ji Y, Zhang Z, Tao X. A plant NLR receptor employs ABA central regulator PP2C-SnRK2 to activate antiviral immunity. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3205. [PMID: 38615015 PMCID: PMC11016096 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47364-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Defence against pathogens relies on intracellular nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich repeat immune receptors (NLRs) in plants. Hormone signaling including abscisic acid (ABA) pathways are activated by NLRs and play pivotal roles in defence against different pathogens. However, little is known about how hormone signaling pathways are activated by plant immune receptors. Here, we report that a plant NLR Sw-5b mimics the behavior of the ABA receptor and directly employs the ABA central regulator PP2C-SnRK2 complex to activate an ABA-dependent defence against viral pathogens. PP2C4 interacts with and constitutively inhibits SnRK2.3/2.4. Behaving in a similar manner as the ABA receptor, pathogen effector ligand recognition triggers the conformational change of Sw-5b NLR that enables binding to PP2C4 via the NB domain. This receptor-PP2C4 binding interferes with the interaction between PP2C4 and SnRK2.3/2.4, thereby releasing SnRK2.3/2.4 from PP2C4 inhibition to activate an ABA-specific antiviral immunity. These findings provide important insights into the activation of hormone signaling pathways by plant immune receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China
| | - Chunli Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China
| | - Zixuan Ding
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China
| | - Yaqian Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China
| | - Jing Dai
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China
| | - Jia Li
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China
| | - Haining Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China
| | - Tongkai Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China
| | - Min Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China
| | - Mingfeng Feng
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China
| | - Yinghua Ji
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Zhongkai Zhang
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biotechnological Breeding, National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Kunming, 650021, China
| | - Xiaorong Tao
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China.
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14
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Yu Y, Huang J, Deng Z, Wang Y, Jiang X, Wang J. Soil Application of Bacillus subtilis Regulates Flavonoid and Alkaloids Biosynthesis in Mulberry Leaves. Metabolites 2024; 14:180. [PMID: 38668308 PMCID: PMC11052171 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14040180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids and alkaloids are the major active ingredients in mulberry leaves that have outstanding medicinal value. Bacillus subtilis can effectively activate the plants defense response and regulate the plant secondary metabolism. In this study, we explored the effects of soil application of B. subtilis on the content of flavonoids and the most important alkaloids (1-deoxynojirimycin, DNJ) in mulberry leaves. Significant decreases in flavonoid content were observed in tender leaves and mature leaves after treatment with B. subtilis; at the same time, significant increases in DNJ content were observed in tender leaves. Based on widely targeted LC-MS/MS and high-throughput approaches, we screened out 904 differentially synthesized metabolites (DSMs) and 9715 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). KEGG analyses showed that these DSMs and DEGs were both significantly enriched in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, flavonoid synthesis and plant hormone signal transduction. Further correlation analysis of DEMs and DEGs showed that 40 key genes were involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, with 6 key genes involved in DNJ biosynthesis. The expression of CHS, CHI, F3H, F3'H, FLS, UGT and AOC significantly responded to B. subtilis soil application. This study broadens our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the accumulation of flavonoids and alkaloids in mulberry leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Yu
- Jiangxi Cash Crops Research Institute, Nanchang 330202, China; (Y.Y.); (J.H.); (Z.D.); (Y.W.); (X.J.)
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Plantation and High Valued Utilization of Specialty Fruit Tree and Tea, Nanchang 330202, China
| | - Jinzhi Huang
- Jiangxi Cash Crops Research Institute, Nanchang 330202, China; (Y.Y.); (J.H.); (Z.D.); (Y.W.); (X.J.)
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Plantation and High Valued Utilization of Specialty Fruit Tree and Tea, Nanchang 330202, China
| | - Zhenhua Deng
- Jiangxi Cash Crops Research Institute, Nanchang 330202, China; (Y.Y.); (J.H.); (Z.D.); (Y.W.); (X.J.)
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Plantation and High Valued Utilization of Specialty Fruit Tree and Tea, Nanchang 330202, China
| | - Yawei Wang
- Jiangxi Cash Crops Research Institute, Nanchang 330202, China; (Y.Y.); (J.H.); (Z.D.); (Y.W.); (X.J.)
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Plantation and High Valued Utilization of Specialty Fruit Tree and Tea, Nanchang 330202, China
| | - Xinfeng Jiang
- Jiangxi Cash Crops Research Institute, Nanchang 330202, China; (Y.Y.); (J.H.); (Z.D.); (Y.W.); (X.J.)
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Plantation and High Valued Utilization of Specialty Fruit Tree and Tea, Nanchang 330202, China
| | - Junwen Wang
- Jiangxi Cash Crops Research Institute, Nanchang 330202, China; (Y.Y.); (J.H.); (Z.D.); (Y.W.); (X.J.)
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Plantation and High Valued Utilization of Specialty Fruit Tree and Tea, Nanchang 330202, China
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15
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Xing C, Lei C, Yang Y, Zhou D, Liu S, Xu J, Liu Z, Wu T, Zhou X, Huang S, Liu W. Drought responses and population differentiation of Calohypnum plumiforme inferred from comparative transcriptome analysis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 208:108456. [PMID: 38417308 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Bryophytes, known as poikilohydric plants, possess vegetative desiccation-tolerant (DT) ability to withstand water deficit stress. Consequently, they offer valuable genetic resources for enhancing resistance to water scarcity stress. In this research, we examined the physiological, phytohormonal, and transcriptomic changes in DT mosses Calohypnum plumiforme from two populations, with and without desiccation treatment. Comparative analysis revealed population differentiation at physiological, gene sequence, and expression levels. Under desiccation stress, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) showed significant increases, along with elevation of soluble sugars and proteins, consistent with the transcriptome changes. Notable activation of the bypass pathway of JA biosynthesis suggested their roles in compensating for JA accumulation. Furthermore, our analysis revealed significant correlations among phytohormones and DEGs in their respective signaling pathway, indicating potential complex interplays of hormones in C plumiforme. Protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C) in the abscisic acid signaling pathway emerged as the pivotal hub in the phytohormone crosstalk regulation network. Overall, this study was one of the first comprehensive transcriptome analyses of moss C. plumiforme under slow desiccation rates, expanding our knowledge of bryophyte transcriptomes and shedding light on the gene regulatory network involved in response to desiccation, as well as the evolutionary processes of local adaptation across moss populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengguang Xing
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518100, China.
| | - Chunyi Lei
- Department of Scientific Research and Education, Heishiding Nature Reserve, Zhaoqing, 526536, China.
| | - Yuchen Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518100, China.
| | - Dandan Zhou
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519000, China.
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518100, China.
| | - Jianqu Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
| | - Zhiwei Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518100, China.
| | - Tao Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518100, China.
| | - Xiaohang Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
| | - Shuzhen Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518100, China.
| | - Weiqiu Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518100, China.
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16
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Wang Y, Sun Y, Li Y, Shao H, Cheng X, Wang X, Yong B, Tao X. Genome-wide identification and expression profiles of the Phytophthora infestans responsive CYPome (cytochrome P450 complement) in Solanum tuberosum. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2024; 88:283-293. [PMID: 38115610 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbad180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450s represent one of the largest protein families across all domains of life. In plants, biotic stress can regulate the expression of some P450 genes. However, the CYPome (cytochrome P450 complement) in Solanum tuberosum and its response to Phytophthora infestans infection remains unrevealed. In this study, 488 P450 genes were identified from potato genome, which can be divided into 41 families and 57 subfamilies. Responding to the infection of P. infestans, 375 potato P450 genes were expressed in late blight resistant or susceptible cultivars. A total of 14 P450 genes were identified as resistant related candidates, and 81 P450 genes were identified as late blight responsive candidates. Several phytohormone biosynthesis, brassinosteroid biosynthesis, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis involved P450 genes were differentially expressed during the potato-pathogen interactions. This study firstly reported the CYPome in S. tuberosum, and characterized the expression patterns of these P450 genes during the infection of P. infestans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yining Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huanhuan Shao
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaojie Cheng
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Yong
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang Tao
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
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17
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Montesinos Á, Sacristán S, Del Prado-Polonio P, Arnaiz A, Díaz-González S, Diaz I, Santamaria ME. Contrasting plant transcriptome responses between a pierce-sucking and a chewing herbivore go beyond the infestation site. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:120. [PMID: 38369495 PMCID: PMC10875829 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04806-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plants have acquired a repertoire of mechanisms to combat biotic stressors, which may vary depending on the feeding strategies of herbivores and the plant species. Hormonal regulation crucially modulates this malleable defense response. Jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) stand out as pivotal regulators of defense, while other hormones like abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene (ET), gibberellic acid (GA) or auxin also play a role in modulating plant-pest interactions. The plant defense response has been described to elicit effects in distal tissues, whereby aboveground herbivory can influence belowground response, and vice versa. This impact on distal tissues may be contingent upon the feeding guild, even affecting both the recovery of infested tissues and those that have not suffered active infestation. RESULTS To study how phytophagous with distinct feeding strategies may differently trigger the plant defense response during and after infestation in both infested and distal tissues, Arabidopsis thaliana L. rosettes were infested separately with the chewing herbivore Pieris brassicae L. and the piercing-sucker Tetranychus urticae Koch. Moderate infestation conditions were selected for both pests, though no quantitative control of damage levels was carried out. Feeding mode did distinctly influence the transcriptomic response of the plant under these conditions. Though overall affected processes were similar under either infestation, their magnitude differed significantly. Plants infested with P. brassicae exhibited a short-term response, involving stress-related genes, JA and ABA regulation and suppressing growth-related genes. In contrast, T. urticae elicited a longer transcriptomic response in plants, albeit with a lower degree of differential expression, in particular influencing SA regulation. These distinct defense responses transcended beyond infestation and through the roots, where hormonal response, flavonoid regulation or cell wall reorganization were differentially affected. CONCLUSION These outcomes confirm that the existent divergent transcriptomic responses elicited by herbivores employing distinct feeding strategies possess the capacity to extend beyond infestation and even affect tissues that have not been directly infested. This remarks the importance of considering the entire plant's response to localized biotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Montesinos
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA/CSIC) Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad de Zaragoza, Calle Pedro Cerbuna, 12, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain
| | - Soledad Sacristán
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA/CSIC) Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Palmira Del Prado-Polonio
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA/CSIC) Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Arnaiz
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA/CSIC) Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza de Misael Bañuelos s/n, Burgos, 09001, Spain
| | - Sandra Díaz-González
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA/CSIC) Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Diaz
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA/CSIC) Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Estrella Santamaria
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA/CSIC) Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Madrid, Spain.
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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18
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Hundacker J, Linda T, Hilker M, Lortzing V, Bittner N. The impact of insect egg deposition on Pinus sylvestris transcriptomic and phytohormonal responses to larval herbivory. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 44:tpae008. [PMID: 38227779 PMCID: PMC10878248 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpae008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Plants can improve their resistance to feeding damage by insects if they have perceived insect egg deposition prior to larval feeding. Molecular analyses of these egg-mediated defence mechanisms have until now focused on angiosperm species. It is unknown how the transcriptome of a gymnosperm species responds to insect eggs and subsequent larval feeding. Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is known to improve its defences against larvae of the herbivorous sawfly Diprion pini L. if it has previously received sawfly eggs. Here, we analysed the transcriptomic and phytohormonal responses of Scots pine needles to D. pini eggs (E-pine), larval feeding (F-pine) and to both eggs and larval feeding (EF-pine). Pine showed strong transcriptomic responses to sawfly eggs and-as expected-to larval feeding. Many egg-responsive genes were also differentially expressed in response to feeding damage, and these genes play an important role in biological processes related to cell wall modification, cell death and jasmonic acid signalling. EF-pine showed fewer transcriptomic changes than F-pine, whereas EF-treated angiosperm species studied so far showed more transcriptional changes to the initial phase of larval feeding than only feeding-damaged F-angiosperms. However, as with responses of EF-angiosperms, EF-pine showed higher salicylic acid concentrations than F-pine. Based on the considerable overlap of the transcriptomes of E- and F-pine, we suggest that the weaker transcriptomic response of EF-pine than F-pine to larval feeding damage is compensated by the strong, egg-induced response, which might result in maintained pine defences against larval feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janik Hundacker
- Applied Zoology/Animal Ecology, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Haderslebener Straße 9, Berlin 12163, Germany
| | - Tom Linda
- Applied Zoology/Animal Ecology, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Haderslebener Straße 9, Berlin 12163, Germany
| | - Monika Hilker
- Applied Zoology/Animal Ecology, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Haderslebener Straße 9, Berlin 12163, Germany
| | - Vivien Lortzing
- Applied Zoology/Animal Ecology, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Haderslebener Straße 9, Berlin 12163, Germany
| | - Norbert Bittner
- Applied Genetics, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 6, Berlin 14195, Germany
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19
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Li T, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Sun S, Wang H, Geng X. Phenotype and signaling pathway analysis to explore the interaction between tomato plants and TYLCV in different organs. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 339:111955. [PMID: 38097048 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Tomato yellow leaf curl disease (TYLCD), caused by Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), is one of the most destructive diseases in tomato cultivation. By comparing the phenotypic characteristics and virus quantities in the susceptible variety 'Cooperation 909 Red Tomatoes' and the resistant variety 'Huamei 204' after inoculation with TYLCV infectious clones, our study discovered that the root, stem and leaf growth of the susceptible variety 'Cooperation 909 Red Tomatoes' were severely hindered and the resistant variety 'Huamei 204' showed growth inhibition only in roots. TYLCV accumulation in roots were significantly higher than in leaves. Further, we examined the expression of key genes in the SA and JA signalling pathways in leaves, stems and roots and found the up-regulation of SA-signalling genes in all organs of the susceptible variety after inoculation with TYLCV clones. Interestingly, SlJAZ2 in roots of the resistant variety was significantly down-regulated upon TYLCV infection. Further, we silenced the SlNPR1 and SlCOI1 genes individually using virus induced gene silencing system in tomato plants. We found that viruses accumulated to a higher level in SlNPR1 silenced plants than wild type plants, and the virus quantity in roots was significantly increased in SlCOI1 silenced plants. These results provide new insights for advancing research in understanding tomato-TYLCV interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Li
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhipeng Zhang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Sun
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hehe Wang
- Clemson University, Edisto Research and Education Center, Blackville, SC, USA
| | - Xueqing Geng
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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An JP, Xu RR, Wang XN, Zhang XW, You CX, Han Y. MdbHLH162 connects the gibberellin and jasmonic acid signals to regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis in apple. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 66:265-284. [PMID: 38284786 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Anthocyanins are secondary metabolites induced by environmental stimuli and developmental signals. The positive regulators of anthocyanin biosynthesis have been reported, whereas the anthocyanin repressors have been neglected. Although the signal transduction pathways of gibberellin (GA) and jasmonic acid (JA) and their regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis have been investigated, the cross-talk between GA and JA and the antagonistic mechanism of regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis remain to be investigated. In this study, we identified the anthocyanin repressor MdbHLH162 in apple and revealed its molecular mechanism of regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis by integrating the GA and JA signals. MdbHLH162 exerted passive repression by interacting with MdbHLH3 and MdbHLH33, which are two recognized positive regulators of anthocyanin biosynthesis. MdbHLH162 negatively regulated anthocyanin biosynthesis by disrupting the formation of the anthocyanin-activated MdMYB1-MdbHLH3/33 complexes and weakening transcriptional activation of the anthocyanin biosynthetic genes MdDFR and MdUF3GT by MdbHLH3 and MdbHLH33. The GA repressor MdRGL2a antagonized MdbHLH162-mediated inhibition of anthocyanins by sequestering MdbHLH162 from the MdbHLH162-MdbHLH3/33 complex. The JA repressors MdJAZ1 and MdJAZ2 interfered with the antagonistic regulation of MdbHLH162 by MdRGL2a by titrating the formation of the MdRGL2a-MdbHLH162 complex. Our findings reveal that MdbHLH162 integrates the GA and JA signals to negatively regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis. This study provides new information for discovering more anthocyanin biosynthesis repressors and explores the cross-talk between hormone signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ping An
- Apple technology innovation center of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Rui-Rui Xu
- College of Biology and Oceanography, Weifang University, Weifang, 261061, China
| | - Xiao-Na Wang
- Apple technology innovation center of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Zhang
- Apple technology innovation center of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, China
| | - Chun-Xiang You
- Apple technology innovation center of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, China
| | - Yuepeng Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
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Zhang J, Yu Y, Qian X, Zhang X, Li X, Sun X. Recent Advances in the Specialized Metabolites Mediating Resistance to Insect Pests and Pathogens in Tea Plants ( Camellia sinensis). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:323. [PMID: 38276780 PMCID: PMC10818678 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Tea is the second most popular nonalcoholic beverage consumed in the world, made from the buds and young leaves of the tea plants (Camellia sinensis). Tea trees, perennial evergreen plants, contain abundant specialized metabolites and suffer from severe herbivore and pathogen attacks in nature. Thus, there has been considerable attention focusing on investigating the precise function of specialized metabolites in plant resistance against pests and diseases. In this review, firstly, the responses of specialized metabolites (including phytohormones, volatile compounds, flavonoids, caffeine, and L-theanine) to different attacks by pests and pathogens were compared. Secondly, research progress on the defensive functions and action modes of specialized metabolites, along with the intrinsic molecular mechanisms in tea plants, was summarized. Finally, the critical questions about specialized metabolites were proposed for better future research on phytohormone-dependent biosynthesis, the characteristics of defense responses to different stresses, and molecular mechanisms. This review provides an update on the biological functions of specialized metabolites of tea plants in defense against two pests and two pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiaoling Sun
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; (J.Z.); (Y.Y.); (X.Q.); (X.Z.); (X.L.)
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Zheng Y, Liu Q, Shi S, Zhu X, Chen Y, Lin S, Tian H, Huang L, Wei H. Nitrogen Deficiency Enhances Eggplant Defense against Western Flower Thrips via the Induction of the Jasmonate Pathway. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:273. [PMID: 38256826 PMCID: PMC10820576 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Plant nutrition is connected to defense against insect herbivores, but the exact mechanism underlying the effect of the nitrogen (N) supply on the anti-herbivore capacity of eggplants (Solanum melongena) has not been studied in detail. Therefore, we examined the impact of low (LN, 0.5 mM) and high (HN, 5 mM) nitrate levels on eggplant resistance against the western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis (WFT), a major destructive eggplant pest. Our results showed that LN plants displayed enhanced defense responses to WFT compared to HN plants. This included increased transcript levels of key genes in the jasmonic acid (JA) pathway, the accumulation of JA-amido conjugates (jasmonoyl-isoleucine, jasmonoyl-phenylalanine, and jasmonoyl-valine), JA precursor (12-oxophytodienoic acid), and methyl jasmonate, higher transcript levels of defense marker genes (MPK3, MPK7, and WRKY53), and increased activities of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase upon a WFT attack. Our findings suggest that N deficiency can prime JA-mediated defense responses in eggplants, resulting in increased anti-herbivore resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (S.S.); (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (S.L.); (H.T.); (L.H.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of the Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Qianxia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (S.S.); (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (S.L.); (H.T.); (L.H.)
| | - Shuang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (S.S.); (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (S.L.); (H.T.); (L.H.)
| | - Xiaowen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (S.S.); (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (S.L.); (H.T.); (L.H.)
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (S.S.); (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (S.L.); (H.T.); (L.H.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of the Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Shuo Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (S.S.); (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (S.L.); (H.T.); (L.H.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of the Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Houjun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (S.S.); (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (S.L.); (H.T.); (L.H.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of the Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Lanyan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (S.S.); (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (S.L.); (H.T.); (L.H.)
| | - Hui Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (S.S.); (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (S.L.); (H.T.); (L.H.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of the Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350013, China
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An YQ, Bi BS, Xu H, Ma DJ, Xi Z. Co-application of Brassinolide and Pyraclostrobin Improved Disease Control Efficacy by Eliciting Plant Innate Defense Responses in Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:916-932. [PMID: 38115548 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Applying brassinolide (BL, a phytohormone) in combination with pyraclostrobin (Pyr, a fungicide) has shown effective disease control in field trials. However, the mechanism by which BL + Pyr control disease remains uncertain. This work compared the disease control and defense responses of three pretreatments (BL, Pyr, and BL + Pyr) in Arabidopsis thaliana. We found that BL + Pyr improved control against Pyr-sensitive Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis and Botrytis cinerea by 19 and 17% over Pyr, respectively, and achieved 29% control against Pyr-resistant B. cinerea. Furthermore, BL + Pyr outperformed BL or Pyr in boosting transient H2O2 accumulation, and the activities of POD, APX, GST, and GPX. RNA-seq analysis revealed a more potent activation of defense genes elicited by BL + Pyr than by BL or Pyr. Overall, BL + Pyr controlled disease by integrating the elicitation of plant innate disease resistance with the fungicidal activity of Pyr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qi An
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Biology, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Bo-Shi Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Biology, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Han Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Biology, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - De-Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Biology, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Biology, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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Király L, Zechmann B, Albert R, Bacsó R, Schwarczinger I, Kolozsváriné Nagy J, Gullner G, Hafez YM, Künstler A. Enhanced Resistance to Viruses in Nicotiana edwardsonii 'Columbia' Is Dependent on Salicylic Acid, Correlates with High Glutathione Levels, and Extends to Plant-Pathogenic Bacteria and Abiotic Stress. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2024; 37:36-50. [PMID: 37750816 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-07-23-0106-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Our earlier research showed that an interspecific tobacco hybrid (Nicotiana edwardsonii 'Columbia' [NEC]) displays elevated levels of salicylic acid (SA) and enhanced resistance to localized necrotic symptoms (hypersensitive response [HR]) caused by tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and tobacco necrosis virus (TNV), as compared with another interspecific hybrid (Nicotiana edwardsonii [NE]) derived from the same parents. In the present study, we investigated whether symptomatic resistance in NEC is indeed associated with the inhibition of TMV and TNV and whether SA plays a role in this process. We demonstrated that enhanced viral resistance in NEC is manifested as both milder local necrotic (HR) symptoms and reduced levels of TMV and TNV. The presence of an adequate amount of SA contributes to the enhanced defense response of NEC to TMV and TNV, as the absence of SA resulted in seriously impaired viral resistance. Elevated levels of subcellular tripeptide glutathione (GSH) in NEC plants in response to viral infection suggest that in addition to SA, GSH may also contribute to the elevated viral resistance of NEC. Furthermore, we found that NEC displays an enhanced resistance not only to viral pathogens but also to bacterial infections and abiotic oxidative stress induced by paraquat treatments. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lóránt Király
- Department of Plant Pathophysiology, Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, ELKH, H-1022, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bernd Zechmann
- Center for Microscopy and Imaging, Baylor University, One Bear Place, no. 97046, Waco, TX 76798, U.S.A
| | - Réka Albert
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Szeged, H-6800, Hódmezővásárhely, Hungary
| | - Renáta Bacsó
- Department of Plant Pathophysiology, Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, ELKH, H-1022, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Schwarczinger
- Department of Plant Pathophysiology, Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, ELKH, H-1022, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Judit Kolozsváriné Nagy
- Department of Plant Pathophysiology, Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, ELKH, H-1022, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Gullner
- Department of Plant Pathophysiology, Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, ELKH, H-1022, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Yaser Mohamed Hafez
- EPCRS Excellence Center & Plant Pathology and Biotechnology Lab, Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516 Kafr-El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - András Künstler
- Department of Plant Pathophysiology, Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, ELKH, H-1022, Budapest, Hungary
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Singh N, Ravi B, Saini LK, Pandey GK. Voltage-dependent anion channel 3 (VDAC3) mediates P. syringae induced ABA-SA signaling crosstalk in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 206:108237. [PMID: 38109831 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Pathogen severely affects plant mitochondrial processes including respiration, however, the roles and mechanism of mitochondrial protein during the immune response remain largely unexplored. The interplay of plant hormone signaling during defense is an outcome of plant pathogen interaction. We recently discovered that the Arabidopsis calcineurin B-like interacting protein kinase 9 (AtCIPK9) interacts with the voltage-dependent anion channel 3 (AtVDAC3) and inhibits MV-induced oxidative damage. Here we report the characterization of AtVDAC3 in an antagonistic interaction pathway between abscisic acid (ABA) and salicylic acid (SA) signaling in Pseudomonas syringae -Arabidopsis interaction. In this study, we observed that mutants of AtVDAC3 were highly susceptible to Pseudomonas syringae infection as compared to the wild type (WT) Arabidopsis plants. Transcripts of VDAC3 and CIPK9 were inducible upon ABA application. Following pathogen exposure, expression analyses of ABA and SA biosynthesis genes indicated that the function of VDAC3 is required for isochorisimate synthase 1 (ICS1) expression but not for Nine-cis-epoxycaotenoid dioxygenase 3 (NCED3) expression. Despite the fact that vdac3 mutants had increased NCED3 expression in response to pathogen challenge, transcripts of ABA sensitive genes such as AtRD22 and AtRAB18 were downregulated even after exogenous ABA application. VDAC3 is required for ABA responsive genes expression upon exogenous ABA application. We also found that Pseudomonas syringae-induced SA signaling is downregulated in vdac3 mutants since overexpression of VDAC3 resulted in hyperaccumulation of Pathogenesis related gene1 (PR1) transcript. Interestingly, ABA application prior to P. syringae inoculation resulted in the upregulation of ABA responsive genes like Responsive to ABA18 (RAB18) and Responsive to dehydration 22 (RD22). Intriguingly, in the absence of AtVDAC3, Pst challenge can dramatically increase ABA-induced RD22 and RAB18 expression. Altogether our results reveal a novel Pathogen-SA-ABA interaction pathway in plants. Our findings show that ABA plays a significant role in modifying plant-pathogen interactions, owing to cross-talk with the biotic stress signaling pathways of ABA and SA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Singh
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Barkha Ravi
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Lokesh K Saini
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Girdhar K Pandey
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, 110021, India.
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Yokotani N, Hasegawa Y, Kouzai Y, Hirakawa H, Isobe S. Transcriptome analysis of tomato plants following salicylic acid-induced immunity against Clavibacter michiganensis ssp. michiganensis. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY (TOKYO, JAPAN) 2023; 40:273-282. [PMID: 38434116 PMCID: PMC10905565 DOI: 10.5511/plantbiotechnology.23.0711a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) is known to be involved in the immunity against Clavibacter michiganensis ssp. michiganensis (Cmm) that causes bacterial canker in tomato. To identify the candidate genes associated with SA-inducible Cmm resistance, transcriptome analysis was conducted via RNA sequencing in tomato plants treated with SA. SA treatment upregulated various defense-associated genes, such as PR and GST genes, in tomato cotyledons. A comparison of SA- and Cmm-responsive genes revealed that both SA treatment and Cmm infection commonly upregulated a large number of genes. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis indicated that the GO terms associated with plant immunity were over-represented in both SA- and Cmm-induced genes. The genes commonly downregulated by both SA treatment and Cmm infection were associated with the cell cycle and may be involved in growth and immunity trade-off through cell division. After SA treatment, several proteins that were predicted to play a role in immune signaling, such as resistance gene analogs, Ca2+ sensors, and WRKY transcription factors, were transcriptionally upregulated. The W-box element, which was targeted by WRKYs, was over-represented in the promoter regions of genes upregulated by both SA treatment and Cmm infection, supporting the speculation that WRKYs are important for the SA-mediated immunity against Cmm. Prediction of protein-protein interactions suggested that genes encoding receptor-like kinases and EF-hand proteins play an important role in immune signaling. Thus, various candidate genes involved in SA-inducible Cmm resistance were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Yokotani
- Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa-Kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Hasegawa
- Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa-Kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kouzai
- Bioproductivity Informatics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Hideki Hirakawa
- Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa-Kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Sachiko Isobe
- Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa-Kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
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Lastochkina O, Yuldashev R, Avalbaev A, Allagulova C, Veselova S. The Contribution of Hormonal Changes to the Protective Effect of Endophytic Bacterium Bacillus subtilis on Two Wheat Genotypes with Contrasting Drought Sensitivities under Osmotic Stress. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2955. [PMID: 38138099 PMCID: PMC10745732 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A comparative analysis was conducted to evaluate the effects of seed priming with endophytic bacterium Bacillus subtilis 10-4 (BS) on the hormonal system and cell wall tolerance (lipid peroxidation (LPO), electrolyte leakage (EL), and root lignin deposition) of two Triticum aestivum L. (wheat) varieties with contrasting drought sensitivities (Ekada 70-drought-tolerant (DT); Salavat Yulaev-drought-sensitive (DS)) under normal conditions and 12% polyethylene glycol-6000 (PEG)-induced osmotic stress. The results showed that under normal conditions, the growth stimulation in wheat plants by BS was attributed to changes in the hormonal balance, particularly an increase in endogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) accumulation. However, under stress, a significant hormonal imbalance was observed in wheat seedlings, characterized by a pronounced accumulation of abscisic acid (ABA) and a decrease in the levels of IAA and cytokinins (CK). These effects were reflected in the inhibition of plant growth. BS exhibited a protective effect on stressed plants, as evidenced by a significantly lower amplitude of stress-induced changes in the hormonal system: maintaining the content of IAA at a level close to the control, reducing stress-induced ABA accumulation, and preventing CK depletion. These effects were further reflected in the normalization of growth parameters in dehydrated seedlings, as well as a decrease in leaf chlorophyll degradation, LPO, and EL, along with an increase in lignin deposition in the basal part of the roots in both genotypes. Overall, the findings demonstrate that BS, producing phytohormones, specifically IAA and ABA, had a more pronounced protective effect on DT plants, as evidenced by a smaller amplitude of stress-induced hormonal changes, higher leaf chlorophyll content, root lignin deposition, and lower cell membrane damage (LPO) and permeability (EL) compared to DS plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Lastochkina
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics—Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 71 Pr. Oktyabrya, 450054 Ufa, Russia (A.A.); (S.V.)
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Wu W, Cao SF, Shi LY, Chen W, Yin XR, Yang ZF. Abscisic acid biosynthesis, metabolism and signaling in ripening fruit. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1279031. [PMID: 38126013 PMCID: PMC10731311 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1279031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Fruits are highly recommended nowadays in human diets because they are rich in vitamins, minerals, fibers and other necessary nutrients. The final stage of fruit production, known as ripening, plays a crucial role in determining the fruit's quality and commercial value. This is a complex physiological process, which involves many phytohormones and regulatory factors. Among the phytohormones involved in fruit ripening, abscisic acid (ABA) holds significant importance. ABA levels generally increase during the ripening process in most fruits, and applying ABA externally can enhance fruit flavor, hasten softening, and promote color development through complex signal regulation. Therefore, gaining a deeper understanding of ABA's mechanisms in fruit ripening is valuable for regulating various fruit characteristics, making them more suitable for consumption or storage. This, in turn, can generate greater economic benefits and reduce postharvest losses. This article provides an overview of the relationship between ABA and fruit ripening. It summarizes the effects of ABA on ripening related traits, covering the biochemical aspects and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Additionally, the article discusses the interactions of ABA with other phytohormones during fruit ripening, especially ethylene, and provides perspectives for future exploration in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Shi-feng Cao
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li-yu Shi
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xue-ren Yin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhen-feng Yang
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Sun Y, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Hasan N, Yang N, Xie Y, Tang C. Identification and characterization of the Bicupin domain family and functional analysis of GhBCD11 in response to verticillium wilt in cotton. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 337:111875. [PMID: 37769874 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Bicupin domain protein (BCD) family, an important component of Cupin domain superfamily, plays important roles in oxalic acid (OA) degradation and stress responses in high plants. However, no studies have been reported on the Cupin domain family in cotton up till now. In our study, a total 110 proteins including Cupin domain were identified from the upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Among them, 17 proteins contained Bicupin domain. Subsequently, we found that V. dahliae produces OA leading to cotton leaf wilting. RT-qPCR analysis of GhBCDs revealed that OA and V. dahliae Vd080 significantly enhanced the expression of GhBCD11. The Virus-induced gene silencing and overexpression analysis showed that GhBCD11 positively regulates plant resistance to V. dahliae. Subcellular localization showed GhBCD11 located on the plasma membrane. The analysis of expression pattern showed that GhBCD11 can be induced via hormone-mediated signal pathway including salicylic acid (SA), ethephon (ET), methyl jasmonate (JA) and abscisic acid (ABA). In addition, we identified an interaction between 60 S ribosomal protein GhRPL12-3 and GhBCD11 by yeast double hybridization. Overall, this is the first study, where we identified Cupin domain family in cotton, clarified the role of GhBCD11 in cotton for resistance to V. dahliae and found an interaction between GhRPL12-3 and GhBCD11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yalin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Nadeem Hasan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Na Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yijing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Canming Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
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Rogowska-van der Molen MA, Berasategui-Lopez A, Coolen S, Jansen RS, Welte CU. Microbial degradation of plant toxins. Environ Microbiol 2023; 25:2988-3010. [PMID: 37718389 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Plants produce a variety of secondary metabolites in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Although they have many functions, a subclass of toxic secondary metabolites mainly serve plants as deterring agents against herbivores, insects, or pathogens. Microorganisms present in divergent ecological niches, such as soil, water, or insect and rumen gut systems have been found capable of detoxifying these metabolites. As a result of detoxification, microbes gain growth nutrients and benefit their herbivory host via detoxifying symbiosis. Here, we review current knowledge on microbial degradation of toxic alkaloids, glucosinolates, terpenes, and polyphenols with an emphasis on the genes and enzymes involved in breakdown pathways. We highlight that the insect-associated microbes might find application in biotechnology and become targets for an alternative microbial pest control strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda A Rogowska-van der Molen
- Department of Microbiology, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Aileen Berasategui-Lopez
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment, Section Ecology and Evolution, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Silvia Coolen
- Department of Microbiology, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Robert S Jansen
- Department of Microbiology, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelia U Welte
- Department of Microbiology, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Abukhalaf M, Proksch C, Thieme D, Ziegler J, Hoehenwarter W. Changing turn-over rates regulate abundance of tryptophan, GS biosynthesis, IAA transport and photosynthesis proteins in Arabidopsis growth defense transitions. BMC Biol 2023; 21:249. [PMID: 37940940 PMCID: PMC10634109 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-023-01739-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shifts in dynamic equilibria of the abundance of cellular molecules in plant-pathogen interactions need further exploration. We induced PTI in optimally growing Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings for 16 h, returning them to growth conditions for another 16 h. METHODS Turn-over and abundance of 99 flg22 responding proteins were measured chronologically using a stable heavy nitrogen isotope partial labeling strategy and targeted liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (PRM LC-MS). These experiments were complemented by measurements of mRNA and phytohormone levels. RESULTS Changes in synthesis and degradation rate constants (Ks and Kd) regulated tryptophane and glucosinolate, IAA transport, and photosynthesis-associated protein (PAP) homeostasis in growth/PTI transitions independently of mRNA levels. Ks values increased after elicitation while protein and mRNA levels became uncorrelated. mRNA returned to pre-elicitation levels, yet protein abundance remained at PTI levels even 16 h after media exchange, indicating protein levels were robust and unresponsive to transition back to growth. The abundance of 23 PAPs including FERREDOXIN-NADP( +)-OXIDOREDUCTASE (FNR1) decreased 16 h after PAMP exposure, their depletion was nearly abolished in the myc234 mutant. FNR1 Kd increased as mRNA levels decreased early in PTI, its Ks decreased in prolonged PTI. FNR1 Kd was lower in myc234, mRNA levels decreased as in wild type. CONCLUSIONS Protein Kd and Ks values change in response to flg22 exposure and constitute an additional layer of protein abundance regulation in growth defense transitions next to changes in mRNA levels. Our results suggest photosystem remodeling in PTI to direct electron flow away from the photosynthetic carbon reaction towards ROS production as an active defense mechanism controlled post-transcriptionally and by MYC2 and homologs. Target proteins accumulated later and PAP and auxin/IAA depletion was repressed in myc234 indicating a positive effect of the transcription factors in the establishment of PTI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Abukhalaf
- Present address: Institute for Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Niemannsweg 11, 24105, Kiel, Germany
- Department Biochemistry of Plant Interactions, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06122, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Carsten Proksch
- Department Biochemistry of Plant Interactions, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06122, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Domenika Thieme
- Department Biochemistry of Plant Interactions, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06122, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jörg Ziegler
- Department Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06122, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hoehenwarter
- Department Biochemistry of Plant Interactions, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06122, Halle (Saale), Germany.
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Bai S, Long J, Cui Y, Wang Z, Liu C, Liu F, Wang Z, Li Q. Regulation of hormone pathways in wheat infested by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:554. [PMID: 37940874 PMCID: PMC10634187 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04569-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wheat powdery mildew is an obligate biotrophic pathogen infecting wheat, which can pose a serious threat to wheat production. In this study, transcriptome sequencing was carried out on wheat leaves infected by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici from 0 h to 7 d. RESULTS KEGG and GO enrichment analysis revealed that the upstream biosynthetic pathways and downstream signal transduction pathways of salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene were highly enriched at all infection periods. Trend analysis showed that the expressions of hormone-related genes were significantly expressed from 1 to 4 d, suggesting that 1 d-4 d is the main period in which hormones play a defensive role. During this period of time, the salicylic acid pathway was up-regulated, while the jasmonic acid and ethylene pathways were suppressed. Meanwhile, four key modules and 11 hub genes were identified, most of which were hormone related. CONCLUSION This study improves the understanding of the dynamical responses of wheat to Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici infestation at the transcriptional level and provides a reference for screening core genes regulated by hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangyu Bai
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Jiaohui Long
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Yuanyuan Cui
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Zhaoyi Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Caixia Liu
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Fenglou Liu
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Zhangjun Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China.
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Reglinski T, Wurms KV, Vanneste JL, Ah Chee A, Schipper M, Cornish D, Yu J, McAlinden J, Hedderley D. Kiwifruit Resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae and Defence Induction by Acibenzolar-S-methyl and Methyl Jasmonate Are Cultivar Dependent. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15952. [PMID: 37958935 PMCID: PMC10647243 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathogen susceptibility and defence gene inducibility were compared between the Actinidia arguta cultivar 'Hortgem Tahi' and the two cultivars of A. chinensis 'Hayward' and 'Zesy002'. Plants were treated with acibenzolar-s-methyl (ASM) or methyl jasmonate (MeJA) one week before inoculation with Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa biovar3) or Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, or secondary induction with chitosan+glucan (Ch-Glu) as a potential pathogen proxy. Defence expression was evaluated by measuring the expression of 18 putative defence genes. 'Hortgem Tahi' was highly susceptible to sclerotinia and very resistant to Psa, whereas 'Zesy002' was highly resistant to both, and 'Hayward' was moderately susceptible to both. Gene expression in 'Hayward' and 'Zesy002' was alike but differed significantly from 'Hortgem Tahi' which had higher basal levels of PR1-i, PR5-i, JIH1, NPR3 and WRKY70 but lower expression of RD22 and PR2-i. Treatment with ASM caused upregulation of NIMIN2, PR1-i, WRKY70, DMR6 and PR5-i in all cultivars and induced resistance to Psa in 'Zesy002' and 'Hayward' but decreased resistance to sclerotinia in 'Zesy002'. MeJA application caused upregulation of LOX2 and downregulation of NIMIN2, DMR6 and PR2-i but did not affect disease susceptibility. The Ch-Glu inducer induced PR-gene families in each cultivar, highlighting its possible effectiveness as an alternative to actual pathogen inoculation. The significance of variations in fundamental and inducible gene expression among the cultivars is explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Reglinski
- Ruakura Research Centre, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand; (K.V.W.); (J.L.V.); (A.A.C.); (M.S.); (D.C.); (J.Y.); (J.M.)
| | - Kirstin V. Wurms
- Ruakura Research Centre, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand; (K.V.W.); (J.L.V.); (A.A.C.); (M.S.); (D.C.); (J.Y.); (J.M.)
| | - Joel L. Vanneste
- Ruakura Research Centre, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand; (K.V.W.); (J.L.V.); (A.A.C.); (M.S.); (D.C.); (J.Y.); (J.M.)
| | - Annette Ah Chee
- Ruakura Research Centre, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand; (K.V.W.); (J.L.V.); (A.A.C.); (M.S.); (D.C.); (J.Y.); (J.M.)
| | - Magan Schipper
- Ruakura Research Centre, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand; (K.V.W.); (J.L.V.); (A.A.C.); (M.S.); (D.C.); (J.Y.); (J.M.)
| | - Deirdre Cornish
- Ruakura Research Centre, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand; (K.V.W.); (J.L.V.); (A.A.C.); (M.S.); (D.C.); (J.Y.); (J.M.)
| | - Janet Yu
- Ruakura Research Centre, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand; (K.V.W.); (J.L.V.); (A.A.C.); (M.S.); (D.C.); (J.Y.); (J.M.)
| | - Jordan McAlinden
- Ruakura Research Centre, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand; (K.V.W.); (J.L.V.); (A.A.C.); (M.S.); (D.C.); (J.Y.); (J.M.)
| | - Duncan Hedderley
- Palmerston North Research Centre, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand;
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Yao L, Jiang Z, Wang Y, Hu Y, Hao G, Zhong W, Wan S, Xin X. High air humidity dampens salicylic acid pathway and NPR1 function to promote plant disease. EMBO J 2023; 42:e113499. [PMID: 37728254 PMCID: PMC10620762 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2023113499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of plant disease is determined by interactions among host, pathogen, and environment. Air humidity shapes various aspects of plant physiology and high humidity has long been known to promote numerous phyllosphere diseases. However, the molecular basis of how high humidity interferes with plant immunity to favor disease has remained elusive. Here we show that high humidity is associated with an "immuno-compromised" status in Arabidopsis plants. Furthermore, accumulation and signaling of salicylic acid (SA), an important defense hormone, are significantly inhibited under high humidity. NPR1, an SA receptor and central transcriptional co-activator of SA-responsive genes, is less ubiquitinated and displays a lower promoter binding affinity under high humidity. The cellular ubiquitination machinery, particularly the Cullin 3-based E3 ubiquitin ligase mediating NPR1 protein ubiquitination, is downregulated under high humidity. Importantly, under low humidity the Cullin 3a/b mutant plants phenocopy the low SA gene expression and disease susceptibility that is normally observed under high humidity. Our study uncovers a mechanism by which high humidity dampens a major plant defense pathway and provides new insights into the long-observed air humidity influence on diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingya Yao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zeyu Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yiping Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yezhou Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Guodong Hao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Weili Zhong
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Shiwei Wan
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xiu‐Fang Xin
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and CAS John Innes Centre of Excellence for Plant and Microbial SciencesShanghaiChina
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Yıldırım K, Miladinović D, Sweet J, Akin M, Galović V, Kavas M, Zlatković M, de Andrade E. Genome editing for healthy crops: traits, tools and impacts. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1231013. [PMID: 37965029 PMCID: PMC10641503 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1231013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Crop cultivars in commercial use have often been selected because they show high levels of resistance to pathogens. However, widespread cultivation of these crops for many years in the environments favorable to a pathogen requires durable forms of resistance to maintain "healthy crops". Breeding of new varieties tolerant/resistant to biotic stresses by incorporating genetic components related to durable resistance, developing new breeding methods and new active molecules, and improving the Integrated Pest Management strategies have been of great value, but their effectiveness is being challenged by the newly emerging diseases and the rapid change of pathogens due to climatic changes. Genome editing has provided new tools and methods to characterize defense-related genes in crops and improve crop resilience to disease pathogens providing improved food security and future sustainable agricultural systems. In this review, we discuss the principal traits, tools and impacts of utilizing genome editing techniques for achieving of durable resilience and a "healthy plants" concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kubilay Yıldırım
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Türkiye
| | - Dragana Miladinović
- Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Jeremy Sweet
- Sweet Environmental Consultants, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Meleksen Akin
- Department of Horticulture, Iğdır University, Iğdır, Türkiye
| | - Vladislava Galović
- Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment (ILFE), University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Musa Kavas
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Türkiye
| | - Milica Zlatković
- Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment (ILFE), University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Eugenia de Andrade
- National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research (INIAV), I.P., Oeiras, Portugal
- GREEN-IT Bioresources for Sustainability, ITQB NOVA, Oeiras, Portugal
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Hernández-Carranza P, Avila-Sosa R, Vera-López O, Navarro-Cruz AR, Ruíz-Espinosa H, Ruiz-López II, Ochoa-Velasco CE. Uncovering the Role of Hormones in Enhancing Antioxidant Defense Systems in Stressed Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum) Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3648. [PMID: 37896111 PMCID: PMC10610232 DOI: 10.3390/plants12203648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Tomato is one of the most important fruits worldwide. It is widely consumed due to its sensory and nutritional attributes. However, like many other industrial crops, it is affected by biotic and abiotic stress factors, reducing its metabolic and physiological processes. Tomato plants possess different mechanisms of stress responses in which hormones have a pivotal role. They are responsible for a complex signaling network, where the antioxidant system (enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants) is crucial for avoiding the excessive damage caused by stress factors. In this sense, it seems that hormones such as ethylene, auxins, brassinosteroids, and salicylic, jasmonic, abscisic, and gibberellic acids, play important roles in increasing antioxidant system and reducing oxidative damage caused by different stressors. Although several studies have been conducted on the stress factors, hormones, and primary metabolites of tomato plants, the effect of endogenous and/or exogenous hormones on the secondary metabolism is still poorly studied, which is paramount for tomato growing management and secondary metabolites production. Thus, this review offers an updated overview of both endogenous biosynthesis and exogenous hormone application in the antioxidant system of tomato plants as a response to biotic and abiotic stress factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Hernández-Carranza
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y 18 Sur. Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla C.P. 72570, Mexico; (P.H.-C.); (R.A.-S.)
| | - Raúl Avila-Sosa
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y 18 Sur. Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla C.P. 72570, Mexico; (P.H.-C.); (R.A.-S.)
| | - Obdulia Vera-López
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y 18 Sur. Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla C.P. 72570, Mexico; (P.H.-C.); (R.A.-S.)
| | - Addí R. Navarro-Cruz
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y 18 Sur. Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla C.P. 72570, Mexico; (P.H.-C.); (R.A.-S.)
| | - Héctor Ruíz-Espinosa
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y 18 Sur. Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla C.P. 72570, Mexico; (H.R.-E.); (I.I.R.-L.)
| | - Irving I. Ruiz-López
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y 18 Sur. Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla C.P. 72570, Mexico; (H.R.-E.); (I.I.R.-L.)
| | - Carlos E. Ochoa-Velasco
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y 18 Sur. Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla C.P. 72570, Mexico; (P.H.-C.); (R.A.-S.)
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Vrobel O, Tarkowski P. Can plant hormonomics be built on simple analysis? A review. PLANT METHODS 2023; 19:107. [PMID: 37833752 PMCID: PMC10576392 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-023-01090-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
The field of plant hormonomics focuses on the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the hormone complement in plant samples, akin to other omics sciences. Plant hormones, alongside primary and secondary metabolites, govern vital processes throughout a plant's lifecycle. While active hormones have received significant attention, studying all related compounds provides valuable insights into internal processes. Conventional single-class plant hormone analysis employs thorough sample purification, short analysis and triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. Conversely, comprehensive hormonomics analysis necessitates minimal purification, robust and efficient separation and better-performing mass spectrometry instruments. This review summarizes the current status of plant hormone analysis methods, focusing on sample preparation, advances in chromatographic separation and mass spectrometric detection, including a discussion on internal standard selection and the potential of derivatization. Moreover, current approaches for assessing the spatiotemporal distribution are evaluated. The review touches on the legitimacy of the term plant hormonomics by exploring the current status of methods and outlining possible future trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondřej Vrobel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Tarkowski
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
- Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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Yao P, Zhang C, Qin T, Liu Y, Liu Z, Xie X, Bai J, Sun C, Bi Z. Comprehensive Analysis of GH3 Gene Family in Potato and Functional Characterization of StGH3.3 under Drought Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15122. [PMID: 37894803 PMCID: PMC10606756 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
As an important hormone response gene, Gretchen Hagen 3 (GH3) maintains hormonal homeostasis by conjugating excess auxin with amino acids during plant stress-related signaling pathways. GH3 genes have been characterized in many plant species, but they are rarely reported in potato. Here, 19 StGH3 genes were isolated and characterized. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that StGH3s were divided into two categories (group I and group III). Analyses of gene structure and motif composition showed that the members of a specific StGH3 subfamily are relatively conserved. Collinearity analysis of StGH3 genes in potato and other plants laid a foundation for further exploring the evolutionary characteristics of the StGH3 genes. Promoter analysis showed that most StGH3 promoters contained hormone and abiotic stress response elements. Multiple transcriptome studies indicated that some StGH3 genes were responsive to ABA, water deficits, and salt treatments. Moreover, qRT-PCR analysis indicated that StGH3 genes could be induced by phytohormones (ABA, SA, and MeJA) and abiotic stresses (water deficit, high salt, and low temperature), although with different patterns. Furthermore, transgenic tobacco with transient overexpression of the StGH3.3 gene showed positive regulation in response to water deficits by increasing proline accumulation and reducing the leaf water loss rate. These results suggested that StGH3 genes may be involved in the response to abiotic stress through hormonal signal pathways. Overall, this study provides useful insights into the evolution and function of StGH3s and lays a foundation for further study on the molecular mechanisms of StGH3s in the regulation of potato drought resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panfeng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (P.Y.); (C.Z.); (T.Q.); (Y.L.); (Z.L.); (X.X.); (J.B.); (C.S.)
| | - Chunli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (P.Y.); (C.Z.); (T.Q.); (Y.L.); (Z.L.); (X.X.); (J.B.); (C.S.)
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Tianyuan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (P.Y.); (C.Z.); (T.Q.); (Y.L.); (Z.L.); (X.X.); (J.B.); (C.S.)
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yuhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (P.Y.); (C.Z.); (T.Q.); (Y.L.); (Z.L.); (X.X.); (J.B.); (C.S.)
| | - Zhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (P.Y.); (C.Z.); (T.Q.); (Y.L.); (Z.L.); (X.X.); (J.B.); (C.S.)
| | - Xiaofei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (P.Y.); (C.Z.); (T.Q.); (Y.L.); (Z.L.); (X.X.); (J.B.); (C.S.)
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jiangping Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (P.Y.); (C.Z.); (T.Q.); (Y.L.); (Z.L.); (X.X.); (J.B.); (C.S.)
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Chao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (P.Y.); (C.Z.); (T.Q.); (Y.L.); (Z.L.); (X.X.); (J.B.); (C.S.)
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Zhenzhen Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (P.Y.); (C.Z.); (T.Q.); (Y.L.); (Z.L.); (X.X.); (J.B.); (C.S.)
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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Zhou S, Gao Q, Chen M, Zhang Y, Li J, Guo J, Lu J, Lou Y. Silencing a dehydration-responsive element-binding gene enhances the resistance of plants to a phloem-feeding herbivore. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:3090-3101. [PMID: 36788431 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Herbivore-induced plant defence responses share common components with plant responses to abiotic stresses. However, whether abiotic stress-responsive factors influence the resistance of plants to herbivores by regulating these components remains largely unknown. Here, we cloned a dehydration-responsive element-binding gene in rice, OsDREB1A, and investigated its role in the resistance of rice to the phloem-feeding herbivore, brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens), under normal and low temperatures. We found that OsDREB1A localized to the nucleus, and its transcripts in rice were up-regulated in response to BPH infestation, low temperatures and treatment with methyl jasmonate or salicylic acid. Silencing OsDREB1A changed transcript levels of two defence-related WRKY and two PLD genes, enhanced levels of jasmonic acid (JA), JA-isoleucine and abscisic acid, and decreased the ethylene level in rice; these changes subsequently enhanced the resistance of plants to BPH, especially at 17°C, by decreasing the hatching rate and delaying the development of BPH eggs. Moreover, silencing OsDREB1A increased the growth of rice plants. These findings suggest that OsDREB1A, which positively regulates the resistance of rice to abiotic stresses, negatively regulates the resistance of rice to BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengting Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuebai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiancai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingran Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yonggen Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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An JP, Liu ZY, Zhang XW, Wang DR, Zeng F, You CX, Han Y. Brassinosteroid signaling regulator BIM1 integrates brassinolide and jasmonic acid signaling during cold tolerance in apple. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:1652-1674. [PMID: 37392474 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Although brassinolide (BR) and jasmonic acid (JA) play essential roles in the regulation of cold stress responses, the molecular basis of their crosstalk remains elusive. Here, we show a key component of BR signaling in apple (Malus × domestica), BR INSENSITIVE1 (BRI1)-EMS-SUPPRESSOR1 (BES1)-INTERACTING MYC-LIKE PROTEIN1 (MdBIM1), increases cold tolerance by directly activating expression of C-REPEAT BINDING FACTOR1 (MdCBF1) and forming a complex with C-REPEAT BINDING FACTOR2 (MdCBF2) to enhance MdCBF2-activated transcription of cold-responsive genes. Two repressors of JA signaling, JAZMONATE ZIM-DOMAIN1 (MdJAZ1) and JAZMONATE ZIM-DOMAIN2 (MdJAZ2), interact with MdBIM1 to integrate BR and JA signaling under cold stress. MdJAZ1 and MdJAZ2 reduce MdBIM1-promoted cold stress tolerance by attenuating transcriptional activation of MdCBF1 expression by MdBIM1 and interfering with the formation of the MdBIM1-MdCBF2 complex. Furthermore, the E3 ubiquitin ligase ARABIDOPSIS TÓXICOS en LEVADURA73 (MdATL73) decreases MdBIM1-promoted cold tolerance by targeting MdBIM1 for ubiquitination and degradation. Our results not only reveal crosstalk between BR and JA signaling mediated by a JAZ-BIM1-CBF module but also provide insights into the posttranslational regulatory mechanism of BR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ping An
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Zhi-Ying Liu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Zhang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Da-Ru Wang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Fanchang Zeng
- College of Agriculture, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Chun-Xiang You
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yuepeng Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
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Yactayo-Chang JP, Block AK. The impact of climate change on maize chemical defenses. Biochem J 2023; 480:1285-1298. [PMID: 37622733 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20220444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is increasingly affecting agriculture, both at the levels of crops themselves, and by altering the distribution and damage caused by insect or microbial pests. As global food security depends on the reliable production of major crops such as maize (Zea mays), it is vital that appropriate steps are taken to mitigate these negative impacts. To do this a clear understanding of what the impacts are and how they occur is needed. This review focuses on the impact of climate change on the production and effectiveness of maize chemical defenses, including volatile organic compounds, terpenoid phytoalexins, benzoxazinoids, phenolics, and flavonoids. Drought, flooding, heat stress, and elevated concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide, all impact the production of maize chemical defenses, in a compound and tissue-specific manner. Furthermore, changes in stomatal conductance and altered soil conditions caused by climate change can impact environmental dispersal and effectiveness certain chemicals. This can alter both defensive barrier formation and multitrophic interactions. The production of defense chemicals is controlled by stress signaling networks. The use of similar networks to co-ordinate the response to abiotic and biotic stress can lead to complex integration of these networks in response to the combinatorial stresses that are likely to occur in a changing climate. The impact of multiple stressors on maize chemical defenses can therefore be different from the sum of the responses to individual stressors and challenging to predict. Much work remains to effectively leverage these protective chemicals in climate-resilient maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica P Yactayo-Chang
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Chemistry Research Unit, Gainesville, FL, U.S.A
| | - Anna K Block
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Chemistry Research Unit, Gainesville, FL, U.S.A
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Ray R, Halitschke R, Gase K, Leddy SM, Schuman MC, Rodde N, Baldwin IT. A persistent major mutation in canonical jasmonate signaling is embedded in an herbivory-elicited gene network. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2308500120. [PMID: 37607232 PMCID: PMC10466192 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2308500120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
When insect herbivores attack plants, elicitors from oral secretions and regurgitants (OS) enter wounds during feeding, eliciting defense responses. These generally require plant jasmonate (JA) signaling, specifically, a jasmonoyl-L-isoleucine (JA-Ile) burst, for their activation and are well studied in the native tobacco Nicotiana attenuata. We used intraspecific diversity captured in a 26-parent MAGIC population planted in nature and an updated genome assembly to impute natural variation in the OS-elicited JA-Ile burst linked to a mutation in the JA-Ile biosynthetic gene NaJAR4. Experiments revealed that NaJAR4 variants were associated with higher fitness in the absence of herbivores but compromised foliar defenses, with two NaJAR homologues (4 and 6) complementing each other spatially and temporally. From decade-long seed collections of natural populations, we uncovered enzymatically inactive variants occurring at variable frequencies, consistent with a balancing selection regime maintaining variants. Integrative analyses of OS-induced transcriptomes and metabolomes of natural accessions revealed that NaJAR4 is embedded in a nonlinear complex gene coexpression network orchestrating responses to OS, which we tested by silencing four hub genes in two connected coexpressed networks and examining their OS-elicited metabolic responses. Lines silenced in two hub genes (NaGLR and NaFB67) co-occurring in the NaJAR4/6 module showed responses proportional to JA-Ile accumulations; two from an adjacent module (NaERF and NaFB61) had constitutively expressed defenses with high resistance. We infer that mutations with large fitness consequences can persist in natural populations due to compensatory responses from gene networks, which allow for diversification in conserved signaling pathways and are generally consistent with predictions of an omnigene model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishav Ray
- Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745Jena, Germany
| | - Rayko Halitschke
- Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745Jena, Germany
| | - Klaus Gase
- Department of Natural Product Biosynthesis, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745Jena, Germany
| | - Sabrina M. Leddy
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY14850
| | - Meredith C. Schuman
- Department of Geography, University of Zurich, 8006Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, 8006Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Rodde
- Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement, Centre National de Resources Génomiques Végétales, French Plant Genomic Resource Center, Castanet TolosanF-31326, France
| | - Ian T. Baldwin
- Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745Jena, Germany
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Wilson SK, Pretorius T, Naidoo S. Mechanisms of systemic resistance to pathogen infection in plants and their potential application in forestry. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:404. [PMID: 37620815 PMCID: PMC10463331 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04391-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The complex systemic responses of tree species to fight pathogen infection necessitate attention due to the potential for yield protection in forestry. RESULTS In this paper, both the localized and systemic responses of model plants, such as Arabidopsis and tobacco, are reviewed. These responses were compared to information available that investigates similar responses in woody plant species and their key differences were highlighted. In addition, tree-specific responses that have been documented were summarised, with the critical responses still relying on certain systemic acquired resistance pathways. Importantly, coniferous species have been shown to utilise phenolic compounds in their immune responses. Here we also highlight the lack of focus on systemic induced susceptibility in trees, which can be important to forest health. CONCLUSIONS This review highlights the possible mechanisms of systemic response to infection in woody plant species, their potential applications, and where research may be best focused in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Wilson
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa
| | - T Pretorius
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa
| | - S Naidoo
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa.
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Proietti S, Falconieri GS, Bertini L, Pascale A, Bizzarri E, Morales-Sanfrutos J, Sabidó E, Ruocco M, Monti MM, Russo A, Dziurka K, Ceci M, Loreto F, Caruso C. Beauveria bassiana rewires molecular mechanisms related to growth and defense in tomato. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:4225-4243. [PMID: 37094092 PMCID: PMC10400115 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Plant roots can exploit beneficial associations with soil-inhabiting microbes, promoting growth and expanding the immune capacity of the host plant. In this work, we aimed to provide new information on changes occurring in tomato interacting with the beneficial fungus Beauveria bassiana. The tomato leaf proteome revealed perturbed molecular pathways during the establishment of the plant-fungus relationship. In the early stages of colonization (5-7 d), proteins related to defense responses to the fungus were down-regulated and proteins related to calcium transport were up-regulated. At later time points (12-19 d after colonization), up-regulation of molecular pathways linked to protein/amino acid turnover and to biosynthesis of energy compounds suggests beneficial interaction enhancing plant growth and development. At the later stage, the profile of leaf hormones and related compounds was also investigated, highlighting up-regulation of those related to plant growth and defense. Finally, B. bassiana colonization was found to improve plant resistance to Botrytis cinerea, impacting plant oxidative damage. Overall, our findings further expand current knowledge on the possible mechanisms underlying the beneficial role of B. bassiana in tomato plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Proietti
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, largo dell’Università snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Gaia Salvatore Falconieri
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, largo dell’Università snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Laura Bertini
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, largo dell’Università snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Alberto Pascale
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Science for Life, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Elisabetta Bizzarri
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, largo dell’Università snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Julia Morales-Sanfrutos
- Proteomics Unit, Centre de Regulació Genòmica, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Carrer Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Proteomics Unit, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Carrer Dr Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Sabidó
- Proteomics Unit, Centre de Regulació Genòmica, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Carrer Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Proteomics Unit, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Carrer Dr Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michelina Ruocco
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP-CNR), Piazzale Enrico Fermi, 1, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy
| | - Maurilia M Monti
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP-CNR), Piazzale Enrico Fermi, 1, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy
| | - Assunta Russo
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP-CNR), Piazzale Enrico Fermi, 1, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy
| | - Kinga Dziurka
- Department of Biotechnology, The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland
| | - Marcello Ceci
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, largo dell’Università snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Francesco Loreto
- Department of Biology, Via Cinthia, University of Naples Federico II, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Carla Caruso
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, largo dell’Università snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
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Thaeder C, Stanek J, Couvreur J, Borrego C, Brunissen F, Allais F, Flourat AL, Cordelier S. Chemo-Enzymatic Synthesis and Biological Assessment of p-Coumarate Fatty Esters: New Antifungal Agents for Potential Plant Protection. Molecules 2023; 28:5803. [PMID: 37570772 PMCID: PMC10420902 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
One trend in agriculture is the replacement of classical pesticides with more ecofriendly solutions, such as elicitation, which is a promising approach consisting of stimulating the natural immune system of a plant to improve its resistance to pathogens. In this fashion, a library of p-coumaric-based compounds were synthesized in accordance with as many principles of green chemistry as possible. Then, these molecules were tested for (1) the direct inhibition of mycelium growth of two pathogens, Botrytis cinerea and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and (2) plasma membrane destabilization in Arabidopsis and rapeseed. Finally, the protective effect was evaluated on an Arabidopsis/B. cinerea pathosystem. Total inhibition of the growth of both fungi could be achieved, and significant ion leakage was observed using dihydroxylated fatty p-coumarate esters. A direct effect on plants was also recorded as a ca. three-fold reduction in the necrosis area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyrian Thaeder
- URD Agro-Biotechnologies Industrielles (ABI), Centre Européen de Biotechnologies et Bioéconomie (CEBB), AgroParisTech, 3 rue des Rouges Terres, 51110 Pomacle, France; (C.T.); (J.C.); (F.B.); (F.A.)
| | - Juliette Stanek
- UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, RIBP EA 4707, USC INRAE 1488, 51100 Reims, France; (J.S.); (C.B.)
| | - Julien Couvreur
- URD Agro-Biotechnologies Industrielles (ABI), Centre Européen de Biotechnologies et Bioéconomie (CEBB), AgroParisTech, 3 rue des Rouges Terres, 51110 Pomacle, France; (C.T.); (J.C.); (F.B.); (F.A.)
| | - Célia Borrego
- UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, RIBP EA 4707, USC INRAE 1488, 51100 Reims, France; (J.S.); (C.B.)
| | - Fanny Brunissen
- URD Agro-Biotechnologies Industrielles (ABI), Centre Européen de Biotechnologies et Bioéconomie (CEBB), AgroParisTech, 3 rue des Rouges Terres, 51110 Pomacle, France; (C.T.); (J.C.); (F.B.); (F.A.)
| | - Florent Allais
- URD Agro-Biotechnologies Industrielles (ABI), Centre Européen de Biotechnologies et Bioéconomie (CEBB), AgroParisTech, 3 rue des Rouges Terres, 51110 Pomacle, France; (C.T.); (J.C.); (F.B.); (F.A.)
| | - Amandine L. Flourat
- URD Agro-Biotechnologies Industrielles (ABI), Centre Européen de Biotechnologies et Bioéconomie (CEBB), AgroParisTech, 3 rue des Rouges Terres, 51110 Pomacle, France; (C.T.); (J.C.); (F.B.); (F.A.)
| | - Sylvain Cordelier
- UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, RIBP EA 4707, USC INRAE 1488, 51100 Reims, France; (J.S.); (C.B.)
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Yan Q, Tong J, Li S, Peng Q. Barnyard Grass Stress Triggers Changes in Root Traits and Phytohormone Levels in Allelopathic and Non-Allelopathic Rice. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1074. [PMID: 37626960 PMCID: PMC10452299 DOI: 10.3390/biology12081074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Despite the growing knowledge concerning allelopathic interference with barnyard grass, little is understood regarding the competitive physiological mechanisms of the interaction between allelopathic rice and herbicide-resistant barnyard grass. A hydroponic system was employed to investigate the root morphological traits and different phytohormonal changes in allelopathic and non-allelopathic rice cultivars when co-planted with quinclorac-resistant and -susceptible barnyard grass, respectively. The results show that shoot and root biomass were greater in PI. Barnyard grass stress induced an increase in shoot and root biomass in PI at 7 and 14 days of co-culturing rice and barnyard grass. Especially under the stress of quinclorac-resistant barnyard grass, the shoot biomass of PI increased by 23% and 68%, respectively, and the root biomass increased by 37% and 34%, respectively. In terms of root morphology, PI exhibited a significantly higher fine-root length, in root diameters of <0.5 mm, a greater number of root tips, and longer root tips compared to LE. The response to quinclorac-resistant barnyard grass stress was consistent in terms of the SA and JA content. The obvious accumulation of SA and JA was observed in two rice cultivars under quinclorac-resistant barnyard grass stress, with greater amounts of SA and JA in PI. The significant decrease in auxin (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA) content in rice was detected from 7 to 14 days under co-culture stress. Additionally, highly significant and positive correlations were found between SA and JA content, and the number of root tips and root tip length at root diameters of 0-0.5 mm in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiling Yan
- Longping Branch, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China; (Q.Y.); (S.L.)
| | - Jianhua Tong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;
| | - Shuyan Li
- Longping Branch, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China; (Q.Y.); (S.L.)
- Hunan Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Qiong Peng
- Longping Branch, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China; (Q.Y.); (S.L.)
- Hunan Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
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Huang P, Tate M, Berg‐Falloure KM, Christensen SA, Zhang J, Schirawski J, Meeley R, Kolomiets MV. A non-JA producing oxophytodienoate reductase functions in salicylic acid-mediated antagonism with jasmonic acid during pathogen attack. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2023; 24:725-741. [PMID: 36715587 PMCID: PMC10257049 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisome-localized oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA) reductases (OPR) are enzymes converting 12-OPDA into jasmonic acid (JA). However, the biochemical and physiological functions of the cytoplasmic non-JA producing OPRs remain largely unknown. Here, we generated Mutator-insertional mutants of the maize OPR2 gene and tested its role in resistance to pathogens with distinct lifestyles. Functional analyses showed that the opr2 mutants were more susceptible to the (hemi)biotrophic pathogens Colletotrichum graminicola and Ustilago maydis, but were more resistant to the necrotrophic fungus Cochliobolus heterostrophus. Hormone profiling revealed that increased susceptibility to C. graminicola was associated with decreased salicylic acid (SA) but increased JA levels. Mutation of the JA-producing lipoxygenase 10 (LOX10) reversed this phenotype in the opr2 mutant background, corroborating the notion that JA promotes susceptibility to this pathogen. Exogenous SA did not rescue normal resistance levels in opr2 mutants, suggesting that this SA-inducible gene is the key downstream component of the SA-mediated defences against C. graminicola. Disease assays of the single and double opr2 and lox10 mutants and the JA-deficient opr7opr8 mutants showed that OPR2 negatively regulates JA biosynthesis, and that JA is required for resistance against C. heterostrophus. Overall, this study uncovers a novel function of a non-JA producing OPR as a major negative regulator of JA biosynthesis during pathogen infection, a function that leads to its contrasting contribution to either resistance or susceptibility depending on pathogen lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei‐Cheng Huang
- Department of Plant Pathology and MicrobiologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA
| | - Morgan Tate
- Department of Plant Pathology and MicrobiologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA
| | | | - Shawn A. Christensen
- Department of Plant Pathology and MicrobiologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA
- Present address:
Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food ScienceBrigham Young UniversityProvoUtahUSA
| | - Jinglan Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology and MicrobiologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA
- Present address:
Obstetrics and Gynecology HospitalInstitute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jan Schirawski
- Matthias‐Schleiden Institute/Genetics, Faculty of Biological SciencesFriedrich‐Schiller UniversityJenaGermany
| | | | - Michael V. Kolomiets
- Department of Plant Pathology and MicrobiologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA
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Korek M, Marzec M. Strigolactones and abscisic acid interactions affect plant development and response to abiotic stresses. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:314. [PMID: 37308831 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04332-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Strigolactones (SL) are the youngest group of plant hormones responsible for shaping plant architecture, especially the branching of shoots. However, recent studies provided new insights into the functioning of SL, confirming their participation in regulating the plant response to various types of abiotic stresses, including water deficit, soil salinity and osmotic stress. On the other hand, abscisic acid (ABA), commonly referred as a stress hormone, is the molecule that crucially controls the plant response to adverse environmental conditions. Since the SL and ABA share a common precursor in their biosynthetic pathways, the interaction between both phytohormones has been largely studied in the literature. Under optimal growth conditions, the balance between ABA and SL content is maintained to ensure proper plant development. At the same time, the water deficit tends to inhibit SL accumulation in the roots, which serves as a sensing mechanism for drought, and empowers the ABA production, which is necessary for plant defense responses. The SL-ABA cross-talk at the signaling level, especially regarding the closing of the stomata under drought conditions, still remains poorly understood. Enhanced SL content in shoots is likely to stimulate the plant sensitivity to ABA, thus reducing the stomatal conductance and improving the plant survival rate. Besides, it was proposed that SL might promote the closing of stomata in an ABA-independent way. Here, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the SL and ABA interactions by providing new insights into the function, perception and regulation of both phytohormones during abiotic stress response of plants, as well as revealing the gaps in the current knowledge of SL-ABA cross-talk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Korek
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellonska 28, Katowice, 40-032, Poland.
| | - Marek Marzec
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellonska 28, Katowice, 40-032, Poland
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Gupta R, Leibman-Markus M, Weiss D, Spiegelman Z, Bar M. Tobamovirus infection aggravates gray mold disease caused by Botrytis cinerea by manipulating the salicylic acid pathway in tomato. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1196456. [PMID: 37377809 PMCID: PMC10291333 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1196456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Botrytis cinerea is the causative agent of gray mold disease, and infects more than 1400 plant species, including important crop plants. In tomato, B. cinerea causes severe damage in greenhouses and post-harvest storage and transport. Plant viruses of the Tobamovirus genus cause significant damage to various crop species. In recent years, the tobamovirus tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) has significantly affected the global tomato industry. Most studies of plant-microbe interactions focus on the interaction between the plant host and a single pathogen, however, in agricultural or natural environments, plants are routinely exposed to multiple pathogens. Here, we examined how preceding tobamovirus infection affects the response of tomato to subsequent infection by B. cinerea. We found that infection with the tobamoviruses tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) or ToBRFV resulted in increased susceptibility to B. cinerea. Analysis of the immune response of tobamovirus-infected plants revealed hyper-accumulation of endogenous salicylic acid (SA), upregulation of SA-responsive transcripts, and activation of SA-mediated immunity. Deficiency in SA biosynthesis decreased tobamovirus-mediated susceptibility to B. cinerea, while exogenous application of SA enhanced B. cinerea symptoms. These results suggest that tobamovirus-mediated accumulation of SA increases the plants' susceptibility to B. cinerea, and provide evidence for a new risk caused by tobamovirus infection in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Maya Bar
- *Correspondence: Ziv Spiegelman, ; Maya Bar,
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Philosoph AM, Dombrovsky A, Luria N, Sela N, Elad Y, Frenkel O. Rapid defense mechanism suppression during viral- oomycete disease complex formation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1124911. [PMID: 37360707 PMCID: PMC10288809 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1124911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Combined infection of the host plant with pathogens involving different parasitic lifestyles may result in synergistic effects that intensify disease symptoms. Understanding the molecular dynamics during concurrent infection provides essential insight into the host response. The transcriptomic pattern of cucumber plants infected with a necrotrophic pathogen, Pythium spinosum, and a biotrophic pathogen, Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) was studied at different time points, under regimes of single and co-infection. Analysis of CGMMV infection alone revealed a mild influence on host gene expression at the stem base, while the infection by P. spinosum is associated with drastic changes in gene expression. Comparing P. spinosum as a single infecting pathogen with a later co-infection by CGMMV revealed a rapid host response as early as 24 hours post-CGMMV inoculation with a sharp downregulation of genes related to the host defense mechanism against the necrotrophic pathogen. Suppression of the defense mechanism of co-infected plants was followed by severe stress, including 30% plants mortality and an increase of the P. spinosum hyphae. The first evidence of defense recovery against the necrotrophic pathogen only occurred 13 days post-viral infection. These results support the hypothesis that the viral infection of the Pythium pre-infected plants subverted the host defense system and changed the equilibrium obtained with P. spinosum. It also implies a time window in which the plants are most susceptible to P. spinosum after CGMMV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit M. Philosoph
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Science, The Volcani Institute, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan, Israel
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Levi Eshkol School of Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Aviv Dombrovsky
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Science, The Volcani Institute, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan, Israel
| | - Neta Luria
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Science, The Volcani Institute, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan, Israel
| | - Noa Sela
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Science, The Volcani Institute, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan, Israel
| | - Yigal Elad
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Science, The Volcani Institute, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan, Israel
| | - Omer Frenkel
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Science, The Volcani Institute, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan, Israel
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