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Geng DC, Innes JL, Wang G. Survive, revive, and thrive: The impact of COVID-19 on global park visitation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:174077. [PMID: 38908585 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had detrimental effects on both the physical and psychological well-being of individuals. Throughout the pandemic and in response to various policies, such as lockdowns, movement restrictions and social distancing measures, parks and greenspaces received renewed attention as people used them to help cope with the adverse effects of the pandemic. This study explored the factors influencing park and greenspace visitation at different stages of the pandemic in 2020, 2021, and 2022, from both global and regional perspectives. Data were collected primarily from Our World in Data, Google's Community Mobility Reports and the Oxford Coronavirus Government Response Tracker, and a total of 125,422 park visits were processed. Stay-at-home mandates, vaccination availability, and school closures were the most influential factors globally affecting park and greenspace visitation in 2020, 2021, and 2022, respectively. Post-2021, vaccination-related policies began to play a significantly positive role in the increase in park and greenspace visits. Following a global analysis, countries were categorized into five clusters based on social, economic, and cultural indices. The analysis revealed varying patterns of factors influencing park visitation across these clusters. Notably, income support policies were positively correlated with higher park visitation, particularly in low-income countries. Recognizing the significance of parks and green spaces as essential green infrastructure, this study suggests how the use of parks might have better coped with the COVID-19 pandemic and how future health crises might be addressed. At the same time, it considers different social, economic, and cultural contexts. Additionally, this work provides insights and suggestions as to how parks and greenspaces might be used to reduce the social inequalities exacerbated during the pandemic, especially in low-income developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehui Christina Geng
- Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - John L Innes
- Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Guangyu Wang
- Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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2
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Lieber SB, Moxley J, Mandl LA, Reid MC, Czaja SJ. Social support and physical activity: does general health matter? Eur Rev Aging Phys Act 2024; 21:16. [PMID: 38902616 PMCID: PMC11188280 DOI: 10.1186/s11556-024-00347-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity levels remain suboptimal in older adults. Exploration of potentially modifiable factors such as social support is needed to inform the development and implementation of patient-oriented physical activity interventions for older adults. The impact of general health on the relationship between social support and physical activity is not well understood. We aimed to determine the association between social support and self-reported physical activity in a study of community-dwelling older adults. In addition, we examined whether self-reported general health mediates the relationship between social support and self-reported physical activity. METHOD This cross-sectional study analyzed baseline data collected as part of a randomized controlled trial comparing a digital physical activity intervention, which included social support features, with a tablet-based educational control. Adults ≥ 60 years of age were enrolled at 2 sites. Self-reported general health, social support, physical activity, and sociodemographic characteristics and comorbid conditions were assessed. Pearson and point-biserial correlations were computed to evaluate the relationship between physical activity and general health, social support, and sociodemographic features. Social support (exposure), general health (mediator), and physical activity (outcome) were incorporated into a mediation model. RESULTS Among 181 participants (mean age of 70.1 years), significant correlations were found between physical activity and both general health and social support (r = -0.19 and r = 0.21, respectively; both p < 0.01). General health significantly mediated the relationship between social support and physical activity (unstandardized ß coefficient 416.9; 95% confidence interval 96.4, 842.0). CONCLUSIONS Augmentation of social support, particularly when coupled with other modes of health promotion to improve personal wellbeing, may be a valuable component of physical activity promotion programs. Further longitudinal research is needed to clarify the potential mechanistic pathways linking social support, general health, and physical activity to inform development of evidence-based physical activity interventions for older adults and improve downstream health-related outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03538158 . Registered May 25, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah B Lieber
- Division of Rheumatology, Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70th Street, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 530 East 70th Street, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Jerad Moxley
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 530 East 70th Street, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lisa A Mandl
- Division of Rheumatology, Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70th Street, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 530 East 70th Street, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Carrington Reid
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 530 East 70th Street, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sara J Czaja
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 530 East 70th Street, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, USA
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Steinhoff P, Reiner A. Physical activity and functional social support in community-dwelling older adults: a scoping review. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1355. [PMID: 38769563 PMCID: PMC11103817 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18863-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, the population of older people is increasing and is estimated to reach nearly 2.1 billion by 2050. Physical activity (PA) is one of the key components for successful ageing. However, PA decreases with age and many older adults do not meet PA guidelines. Previous research has shown that social support (SOSU) is related to PA in older people. The aim of this scoping review is to identify and map all of the available evidence and to explore the association between functional SOSU and PA in older adults. Functional SOSU consists of emotional, informational, instrumental and companionship SOSU and social comparison. METHODS A scoping review was conducted using the Joanna-Briggs manual. Quantitative and qualitative studies investigating associations between functional SOSU and PA levels in older adults (mean age ≥ 60 years) were identified through a systematic search in seven electronic databases up to August 2023. After removing duplicates, 20,907 articles were screened for titles and abstracts. The results were analysed separately for different types of SOSU. RESULTS 116 articles met the inclusion criteria; 72% were quantitative studies and 28% were qualitative studies. Most studies used self-reported PA measures, only 23% of the studies used objective-reported PA measures. Most studies of SOSU for PA reported positive associations but the evidence is inconclusive when the source of support is considered. PA is positively associated with general, emotional, informational, and companionship SOSU, while instrumental support may occasionally be negatively associated. Companionship support is particularly influential on PA, especially in group settings, as it promotes social connectedness. Qualitative studies show that social comparison also supports PA. Different forms of SOSU generally show positive associations with PA. CONCLUSIONS While the evidence on the association between functional SOSU and PA is mixed, most studies show that there is a positive association. PA may also be a strategy for improving social contact and social integration. This study offers a comprehensive overview of measures for SOSU and PA and thereby informs future research and policy-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Steinhoff
- Institute of Sociology and Social Psychology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Amelie Reiner
- Institute of Sociology and Social Psychology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Wende ME, Hughey SM, McLain AC, Hallum S, Hipp JA, Schipperijn J, Stowe EW, Kaczynski AT. Identifying multilevel predictors of behavioral outcomes like park use: A comparison of conditional and marginal modeling approaches. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301549. [PMID: 38626162 PMCID: PMC11020402 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
This study compared marginal and conditional modeling approaches for identifying individual, park and neighborhood park use predictors. Data were derived from the ParkIndex study, which occurred in 128 block groups in Brooklyn (New York), Seattle (Washington), Raleigh (North Carolina), and Greenville (South Carolina). Survey respondents (n = 320) indicated parks within one half-mile of their block group used within the past month. Parks (n = 263) were audited using the Community Park Audit Tool. Measures were collected at the individual (park visitation, physical activity, sociodemographic characteristics), park (distance, quality, size), and block group (park count, population density, age structure, racial composition, walkability) levels. Generalized linear mixed models and generalized estimating equations were used. Ten-fold cross validation compared predictive performance of models. Conditional and marginal models identified common park use predictors: participant race, participant education, distance to parks, park quality, and population >65yrs. Additionally, the conditional mode identified park size as a park use predictor. The conditional model exhibited superior predictive value compared to the marginal model, and they exhibited similar generalizability. Future research should consider conditional and marginal approaches for analyzing health behavior data and employ cross-validation techniques to identify instances where marginal models display superior or comparable performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn E. Wende
- Department of Health Education & Behavior, College of Health & Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - S. Morgan Hughey
- Department of Health and Human Performance, School of Health Sciences, College of Charleston, Charleston, SC, United States of America
| | - Alexander C. McLain
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States of America
| | - Shirelle Hallum
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States of America
| | - J. Aaron Hipp
- Department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism Management, Center for Geospatial Analytics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America
| | - Jasper Schipperijn
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ellen W. Stowe
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States of America
| | - Andrew T. Kaczynski
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States of America
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Huang XR, Neilson R, Yang LY, Deng JJ, Zhou SYD, Li H, Zhu YG, Yang XR. Urban greenspace types influence the microbial community assembly and antibiotic resistome more in the phyllosphere than in the soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 338:139533. [PMID: 37459932 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Urban greenspace (UGS) is recognized to confer significant societal benefits, but few studies explored the microbial communities and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) from different urban greenspace types. Here, we collected leaf and soil samples from forest, greenbelt, and parkland to analyze microbial community assembly and ARG profile. For phyllosphere fungal community, the α-diversity was higher in forest, compared to those in greenbelt and parkland. Moreover, urban greenspace types altered the community assembly. Stochastic processes had a greater effect on phyllosphere fungal community in greenbelt and parkland, while in forest they were dominated by deterministic processes. In contrast, no significant differences in bacterial community diversity, community assembly were observed between the samples collected from different urban greenspace types. A total of 153 ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were detected in phyllosphere and soil with resistance to the majority classes of antibiotics commonly applied to humans and animals. Structural equation model further revealed that a direct association between greenspace type and ARGs in the phyllosphere even after considering the effects of all other factors simultaneously. Our findings provide new insights into the microbial communities and antibiotic resistome of urban greenspaces and the potential risk linked with human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Rong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, Chinese Academy of Sciences Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Centerin, Beilun, Ningbo, 315830, China
| | - Roy Neilson
- Ecological Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Dundee, DD2 5DA, Scotland, UK
| | - Le-Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jing-Jun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shu-Yi-Dan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Hu Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, Chinese Academy of Sciences Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Centerin, Beilun, Ningbo, 315830, China
| | - Xiao-Ru Yang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, Chinese Academy of Sciences Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Centerin, Beilun, Ningbo, 315830, China.
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Jiang Q, Carlson JA, Kaczynski AT, Shook RP, Besenyi GM, Steel C, Moon M, Hampl SE, Wilhelm Stanis S. Neighborhood park access and park characteristics are associated with weight status in youth. Health Place 2023; 83:103116. [PMID: 37713980 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2023.103116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated park access and park quality in the context of childhood obesity. Participants were 20,638 children ages 6-17y from a large primary care health system. Analyses tested associations of park access and park characteristics with children's weight status, and sociodemographic interactions. Both park access and the quality of nearest park were associated with a lower odds of having obesity. Park quality interacted with age, sex, and income. Findings suggest park access is important for supporting a healthy weight in children. Park quality may be most important among 12-14-year-olds, girls, and higher income groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianxia Jiang
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Jordan A Carlson
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA; School of Medicine, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, Kansas, USA.
| | - Andrew T Kaczynski
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Robin P Shook
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA; School of Medicine, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Gina M Besenyi
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Chelsea Steel
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Mallory Moon
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Sarah E Hampl
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA; School of Medicine, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
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Lorenzo M, Ríos-Rodríguez M, Suárez E, Hernández B, Rosales C. Quality analysis and categorisation of public space. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13861. [PMID: 36879979 PMCID: PMC9984856 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Public spaces are considered areas that promote users' physical and mental health. The role of these people in public spaces makes it necessary to evaluate such areas. In this study, 12 urban parks on the island of Tenerife were evaluated, combining the assessment of a trained observer and the perception of users, to analyse and categorise the environmental quality of the parks. The findings of this study conclude that users are good evaluators of public spaces; that the Public Space Characteristics Observation Questionnaire (PSCOQ) tool allows the classification of public spaces and that physical order is capable of predicting the environmental quality and the restorative capacity of spaces, as perceived by users. The PSCOQ observation tool makes it possible to detect the strengths and weaknesses of public spaces so they can be improved and adapted to the needs of users.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Lorenzo
- Department of Cognitive, Social and Organizational Psychology, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidad Europea Miguel de Cervantes, Valladolid, Spain
| | - M.L. Ríos-Rodríguez
- Department of Social Psychology, Social Work, Social Anthropology and E.A.O., Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - E. Suárez
- Department of Cognitive, Social and Organizational Psychology, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - B. Hernández
- Department of Cognitive, Social and Organizational Psychology, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - C. Rosales
- Department of Cognitive, Social and Organizational Psychology, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
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Huang WY, Huang H, Wu CE. Physical Activity and Social Support to Promote a Health-Promoting Lifestyle in Older Adults: An Intervention Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14382. [PMID: 36361256 PMCID: PMC9658453 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to understand the effect of intervention in the form of physical activity and social support while co-exercising to promote a health-promoting lifestyle in older adults. This study openly recruited 60 healthy male older adults, all of whom wore a wrist-worn Garmin device walker. Experimental group A was monitored by a special person and walked together as a group, experimental group B walked independently outdoors, and the control group went about their daily routine as normal. All participants recorded daily steps and calorie consumption data for eight weeks. The results of the study showed that when walking together in experimental group A, the number of daily walks and calories consumed could be maintained at a high level due to the effect of group and social support. The number of daily walks in experimental group B was inconsistent due to the lack of motivation to walk on their own. The control group consumed the lowest number of calories in their daily routine. The results show that physical activity and social support have positive explanatory power for a health-promoting lifestyle. Finally, physical activity in older adults should be promoted, and social support for interaction with peers can effectively promote a healthy lifestyle and respond to the arrival of the super-aged society in advance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yang Huang
- Physical Education, National Taiwan College of Performing Arts, Taipei 11464, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan Huang
- Department of Occupational Therapy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701401, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-En Wu
- Office of Physical Education, Tamkang University, No. 151, Ying-Zhuan Rd., Tamshui, New Taipei City 251301, Taiwan
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9
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Grazuleviciene R, Andrusaityte S, Rapalavicius A, Dėdelė A. Environmentally related gender health risks: findings from citizen science cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1426. [PMID: 35883175 PMCID: PMC9325661 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13824-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Public engagement in the research of environmental epidemiological problems is becoming an important measure to empower citizens to identify the local environmental and health problems and to explain different environmental exposures affect estimates for males and females. This HORIZON2020 CitieS-Health Kaunas Pilot study examines the relationship between urban built and social environment, health behaviors, and health in men and women. Methods This cross-sectional study included 1086 18–74-year-old participants residing in 11 districts of Kaunas city, Lithuania. Using GIS, we measured traffic flow, noise, NO2, PM2.5, PM10, and greenness NDVI for the participants’ home addresses, determined participants’ perceptions of environmental quality, linked this information with personal sociodemographic data, and used multivariate logistic regression to assess the associations with health issues (physician-diagnosed chronic disease and self-rated general health) in men and women. Results Men and women similar rated the quality of the neighborhood environment, except for air pollution and satisfaction with the public transport in the district. The traffic-related health associations were stronger for women than for men. The prevalence of poor health increased with the increasing age of men and women, yet no significant differences between gender health risks were found in the total sample. Perceived air pollution, irregular visits to green space, and chronic diseases were consistently associated with poor health risks in men and women, yet part-time jobs and low income had a higher impact on women’s poor health. Conclusions Quality of the built neighborhood, air pollution, irregular visits to the green space, and chronic disease had a joint effect on the magnitude of the prevalence of poor health in men and women. Our results suggest that decreasing air pollution and improving the urban built neighborhood supporting citizens’ physical activity in green spaces, might reduce health risks for all. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-13824-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Grazuleviciene
- Department of Environmental Science, Vytautas Magnus University, 44248, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Sandra Andrusaityte
- Department of Environmental Science, Vytautas Magnus University, 44248, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Aurimas Rapalavicius
- Department of Environmental Science, Vytautas Magnus University, 44248, Kaunas, Lithuania.,Department of Family Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 48005, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Audrius Dėdelė
- Department of Environmental Science, Vytautas Magnus University, 44248, Kaunas, Lithuania
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10
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Sillman D, Rigolon A, Browning MHEM, Yoon HV, McAnirlin O. Do sex and gender modify the association between green space and physical health? A systematic review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 209:112869. [PMID: 35123971 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A growing literature shows that green space can have protective effects on human health. As a marginalized group, women often have worse life outcomes than men, including disparities in some health outcomes. Given their marginalization, women might have "more to gain" than men from living near green spaces. Yet, limited research has deliberately studied whether green space-health associations are stronger for women or men. We conducted a systematic review to synthesize empirical evidence on whether sex or gender modifies the protective associations between green space and seven physical health outcomes (cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, general physical health, non-malignant respiratory disease, mortality, and obesity-related health outcomes). After searching five databases, we identified 62 articles (including 81 relevant analyses) examining whether such effect modification existed. We classified analyses based on whether green space-health were stronger for women, no sex/gender differences were detected, or such associations were stronger for men. Most analyses found that green space-physical health associations were stronger for women than for men when considering study results across all selected health outcomes. Also, women showed stronger protective associations with green space than men for obesity-related outcomes and mortality. Additionally, the protective green space-health associations were slightly stronger among women for green land cover (greenness, NDVI) than for public green space (parks), and women were also favored over men when green space was measured very close to one's home (0-500 m). Further, the green space-health associations were stronger for women than for men in Europe and North America, but not in other continents. As many government agencies and nongovernmental organizations worldwide work to advance gender equity, our review shows that green space could help reduce some gender-based health disparities. More robust empirical studies (e.g., experimental) are needed to contribute to this body of evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delaney Sillman
- Department of City & Metropolitan Planning, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
| | - Alessandro Rigolon
- Department of City & Metropolitan Planning, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
| | - Matthew H E M Browning
- Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA.
| | - Hyunseo Violet Yoon
- Department of Recreation, Sport, and Tourism, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA.
| | - Olivia McAnirlin
- Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA.
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11
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Takagi D, Kondo N, Tsuji T, Kondo K. Parks/sports facilities in local communities and the onset of functional disability among older adults in Japan: The J-shaped spatial spillover effects. Health Place 2022; 75:102801. [PMID: 35429762 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2022.102801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We examined the associations between parks/sports facilities in local communities and the onset of functional disability among Japanese older adults. We further investigated the spatial spillover effects of parks/sports facilities in 1st-, 2nd-, and 3rd-degree neighboring communities. Data on the onset of functional disability, including date of onset, sex, age, and address (school district) of all older adults aged 65 years and older living in Kobe City were obtained from the public long-term care insurance database (163,348 men [190,831 person-year] and 200,443 women [230,464 person-year]). Multilevel proportional hazard regression analyses showed that the number of parks and sports facilities were negatively associated with the onset of functional disability among men. In particular, these associations were stronger for the adjacent district than for individuals' living districts. Our results imply that involving multiple neighboring communities as the intervention unit is effective when utilizing community built environments for long-term care prevention in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Takagi
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Naoki Kondo
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto, 606-8315, Japan
| | - Taishi Tsuji
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 3-29-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-0012, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Center for Preventive Medicine Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba-ken, 260-0856, Japan; Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu-shi, Aichi-ken, 474-8511, Japan
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12
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Jagroep W, Cramm JM, Denktaș S, Nieboer AP. Age-friendly neighbourhoods and physical activity of older Surinamese individuals in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0261998. [PMID: 35085282 PMCID: PMC8794150 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-friendly neighbourhoods seem to promote physical activity among older individuals. Physical activity is especially important for chronically ill individuals. In the Netherlands, older Surinamese individuals are more likely to have chronic diseases than are their native Dutch counterparts. This study examined relationships of neighbourhood characteristics with physical activity among older Surinamese individuals in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. METHODS Of 2749 potential participants, 697 (25%) community-dwelling older (age ≥ 70 years) Surinamese individuals living in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, completed a questionnaire on personal and neighbourhood characteristics between March and June 2020. Correlation and multilevel regression analyses were performed to identify associations between missing neighbourhood characteristics for ageing in place and physical activity. RESULTS Scores for the neighbourhood domains communication and information (r = -0.099, p ≤ 0.05), community support and health services (r = -0.139, p ≤ 0.001), and respect and social inclusion (r = -0.141, p ≤ 0.001), correlated negatively with participants' PA. In the multilevel analysis, overall missing neighbourhood characteristics to age in place scores were associated negatively with physical activity (p ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSION This study showed the importance of age-friendly neighbourhoods for physical activity among older Surinamese individuals in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Our findings suggest that the neighbourhood plays an important role in supporting older individuals' leading of physically active lifestyles. Further research is needed to support the development of interventions to create age-friendly neighbourhoods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warsha Jagroep
- Department of Socio-Medical Sciences, Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jane M. Cramm
- Department of Socio-Medical Sciences, Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Semiha Denktaș
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anna P. Nieboer
- Department of Socio-Medical Sciences, Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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13
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The Places–People Exercise: Understanding Spatial Patterns and the Formation Mechanism for Urban Commercial Fitness Space in Changchun City, China. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14031358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The fitness industry is rapidly developing due to the demand for fitness activities, and a large number of commercial fitness spaces have emerged in Changchun city. The distribution of commercial fitness spaces in the city is not chaotic; different types of fitness spaces should have different spaces to choose from. The purpose of this article is to summarize the spatial distribution characteristics and laws of urban commercial fitness spaces, to help better develop commercial fitness spaces. Using Changchun (a central city in northeastern China) as an example, the article divides commercial fitness spaces into five categories. Then, GIS tools are used to analyze the distribution patterns, level distributions, and agglomeration characteristics of commercial fitness spaces. The city’s commercial fitness space distribution patterns are subjected to further study, along with the influencing factors and forming mechanisms of the pattern. Moreover, based on the research results, this study provides targeted suggestions for the development of fitness spaces. The study found that the commercial fitness space in Changchun city has formed a multi-core spatial pattern. Various types of fitness spaces show significant spatial differentiation in many aspects, such as “center-periphery” characteristics, the spatial distribution form, and the specialized characteristics of each block unit. Fitness needs, national policies, transportation accessibility, spatial agglomeration, land rent, urban population distribution, etc., are the main factors affecting the spatial distributions of fitness spaces.
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Carter A, Alexander AC, Gomez V, Zhang N, Allen M. “We’re open to all”: The paradox of diversity in the U.S.-based free fitness movement. CRITICAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09581596.2021.1998375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Carter
- Department of Public Health and Recreation, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - Adam C. Alexander
- Oklahoma Tobacco Research Center, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Vicky Gomez
- Department of Public Health and Recreation, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - Ni Zhang
- Department of Public Health and Recreation, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - Monica Allen
- Department of Public Health and Recreation, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA, USA
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15
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A Multi-Dimensional Clustering Applied to Classify the Typology of Urban Public Parks in Bangkok Metropolitan Area, Thailand. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su132011426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Public parks are public spaces that support community activities and enhance the environmental quality of a city. Depending on the local urban context in terms of socio-economic conditions and location, the physical characteristics and particular uses of each public park may vary from each other. Accordingly, urban public parks and their uses reflect the characteristics of communities and neighborhoods where the public parks are located. The aim of this study is to apply analytical approaches using a multi-dimensional clustering method to classify multivariate characteristics of public parks into typologies that combine a set of criteria related to internal park attributes and external physical environments around parks in an urban context of Bangkok Metropolitan Area, Thailand. An analysis of a multi-dimensional data set from 30 public parks resulted in six identified clusters of characteristics of urban park areas. The study demonstrates how the context-specific typology can assist local urban planners, policymakers, and government authorities when considering management strategies for public parks in Bangkok areas.
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16
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Petrunoff NA, Yi NX, Dickens B, Sia A, Koo J, Cook AR, Lin WH, Ying L, Hsing AW, van Dam RM, Müller-Riemenschneider F. Associations of park access, park use and physical activity in parks with wellbeing in an Asian urban environment: a cross-sectional study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18:87. [PMID: 34215259 PMCID: PMC8254359 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-021-01147-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relationships between park access, park use, and wellbeing remain poorly understood. The objectives of this study were to investigate: (1) perceived and objective park access in relation to park use and physical activity in parks; and; (2) perceived and objective park access, park use and physical activity in parks and their associations with wellbeing. METHODS An interviewer-assisted survey collected data on perceived time to walk to parks, park use time, park physical activity time and wellbeing (using a scale containing nine domains) amongst adult participants of the Singapore Multi-Ethnic Cohort. Geospatial maps of parks and the "walkable" street networks were created for the city-state of Singapore to objectively determine distances to accessible points on park boundaries. Multiple linear regression models estimated the importance of park access to park use and associations of park access and park use with wellbeing, adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS Participants' (n = 3435) average age was 48.8 years (SD, 12.8), 44.8% were male and 72.6% were of Chinese ethnicity. Better perceived but not true park access was significantly associated with greater park use. Park access (perceived or true) was not associated with physical activity time in parks. Greater participant park time and physical activity time in parks were associated with higher wellbeing scores (p < 0.001). The differences in wellbeing scores between the reference groups, who spent negligible time in parks, and the highest quartiles of time in parks (10.8 h/month) and physical activity in parks (8.3 h/month) were 3.2 (95% CI 2.1-4.4) and 4.2 (95% CI 4.1-6.3) points out of 100 respectively. These associations were similar for most domains of wellbeing, with clear dose-response relationships. CONCLUSIONS While perceived park access was strongly associated with park use and well-being, true park access was not, and neither park access measure was associated with park physical activity. Future studies could investigate the influence of park attributes on park use, physical activity in parks and wellbeing. The consistent associations of park use and particularly physical activity in parks with wellbeing suggest that promoting park use, and especially physical activity in parks, is a promising strategy for improving wellbeing in urban settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Petrunoff
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Block MD1, 12 Science Drive 2, #10-01, Singapore, 117549, Singapore.
| | - Ng Xian Yi
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Block MD1, 12 Science Drive 2, #10-01, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
| | - Borame Dickens
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Block MD1, 12 Science Drive 2, #10-01, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
| | - Angelia Sia
- Centre for Urban Greenery & Ecology, National Parks Board Singapore, 1E Cluny Rd., Singapore 11 Botanic Gardens, Singapore, 259569, Singapore.,Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Hospital System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 9, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Joel Koo
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Block MD1, 12 Science Drive 2, #10-01, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
| | - Alex R Cook
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Block MD1, 12 Science Drive 2, #10-01, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
| | - Wee Hwee Lin
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Block MD1, 12 Science Drive 2, #10-01, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
| | - Lu Ying
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Stanford Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Ann W Hsing
- Department of Medicine, Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Block MD1, 12 Science Drive 2, #10-01, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
| | - Falk Müller-Riemenschneider
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Block MD1, 12 Science Drive 2, #10-01, Singapore, 117549, Singapore.,Digital Health Center , Berlin Institute of Health, Charite University Medical Centre Berlin, Kapelle-Ufer 2, 10117, Berlin, Germany
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17
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Cohen DA, Williamson S, Han B. Gender Differences in Physical Activity Associated with Urban Neighborhood Parks: Findings from the National Study of Neighborhood Parks. Womens Health Issues 2021; 31:236-244. [PMID: 33358644 PMCID: PMC8154653 DOI: 10.1016/j.whi.2020.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Urban neighborhood parks are designed to provide easy access to recreation and physical activity. We analyzed data from the first National Study of Neighborhood Parks, which assessed the characteristics and use of a representative sample of U.S. urban neighborhood parks. This article compares factors associated with active commuting (e.g., walking) to parks among men and women and park characteristics associated with observed moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) within neighborhood parks. METHODS We used systematic direct observation to quantify parks visitors of all ages in 162 U.S. neighborhood parks in 25 cities in 2016 and surveyed a sample of adult visitors (877 women and 793 men). We used descriptive statistics to identify park facilities, amenities, and park management practices associated with park use. We also conducted multivariate regressions to identify factors most closely associated with observed park-based MVPA among all age groups and with self-reported levels of active commuting to parks among adults. RESULTS Reasons to visit parks varied by gender, with women more likely than men to bring children (59% vs 42% for men; p < .001), and men more likely than women to go to parks to relax (38% vs 29%; p = .01). Bringing children to parks was associated with more motorized transport among women, but not among men. Active commuting to parks was associated with living closer to parks (β = -0.92; p < .0001), a greater frequency of park use (β = 0.99; p < .0001), and the park having a working drinking fountain (β = 0.62; p = .01), with no significant differences between men and women. Men and boys used park facilities very differently than women and girls. Men and boys engaged in the most MVPA in soccer fields, gyms, and skate parks, whereas for women and girls the top three sites were pools, playgrounds, and walking paths. CONCLUSIONS Significant gender differences in why men and women visit parks and how parks are used likely reflect cultural determinants of gender roles. Our findings suggest that park management practices should be adjusted to mitigate the lower use of parks and lower levels of park-based MVPA among women and girls compared with men and boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah A Cohen
- RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California; Kaiser Permanente, Research and Evaluation, Pasadena, California.
| | | | - Bing Han
- RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California
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18
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Frequency of Neighborhood Park Use Is Associated With Physical Activity Among Adults in Four US Cities. J Phys Act Health 2021; 18:603-609. [PMID: 33785658 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2020-0540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neighborhood parks are recognized as important spaces for facilitating physical activity (PA); however, it remains unclear how the frequency of park use is associated with PA. The purpose of this study was to examine associations between minutes of moderate to vigorous PA and multiple park use indicators: (1) use of a neighborhood park, (2) unique number of neighborhood parks used, and (3) frequency of neighborhood park use. METHODS Adults were surveyed from 4 US cities (Brooklyn, NY; Greenville County, SC; Raleigh, NC; and Seattle, WA). Using a map-based survey platform, participants indicated all neighborhood parks they used and the frequency of use in the past 30 days. Participants self-reported their weekly moderate to vigorous PA. Quantile regression was used to examine associations between PA and park use indicators. RESULTS Of all respondents (N = 360), 60% indicated visiting a neighborhood park in the past 30 days, with an average of about 13 total neighborhood park visits (SD = 17.5). Significant, positive associations were found between moderate to vigorous PA and both unique neighborhood park visits and total number of neighborhood parks visits. CONCLUSIONS Frequency of park visitation is associated with PA among US adults. Ensuring equitable and safe access to neighborhood parks has the potential for population-level PA health benefits.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We systematically reviewed the available observational evidence on the association between long-term exposure to residential outdoor greenspace and health at older age and rated the evidence as sufficient, limited, or inadequate. RECENT FINDINGS We identified 59 studies, ranging from poor to very good quality. The health outcomes included mental health (N = 12, of which three were longitudinal studies and eight were rated to be of good quality), cognitive function (N = 6; two longitudinal studies, five of good/very good quality), physical capability (N = 22; five longitudinal studies, six of good/very good quality), cardiometabolic risk (N = 9; one longitudinal study, five of good/very good quality), morbidity (N = 11; three longitudinal studies, six of good/very good quality) and perceived wellbeing (N = 9; all cross-sectional, two of good quality). The evidence for a beneficial association with greenspace was rated limited for morbidity and inadequate for mental health, cognitive function, physical capability, cardiometabolic risk and perceived wellbeing. The reviewed studies provided inadequate/limited but suggestive evidence for a beneficial association between greater long-term greenspace exposure and healthy ageing. This review highlights the need of longitudinal studies that assess the association between long-term greenspace exposure and the trajectory of objective indicators of ageing.
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Liu YC, Yang WW, Fang IY, Pan HLL, Chen WH, Liu C. Training Program With Outdoor Fitness Equipment in Parks Offers No Substantial Benefits for Functional Fitness in Active Seniors: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Aging Phys Act 2020; 28:828-835. [PMID: 32470918 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2019-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Outdoor fitness equipment (OFE) is installed in parks to promote health, particularly among seniors. However, no quantitative study has investigated its effectiveness. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effectiveness of 12 weeks of OFE training on functional fitness in seniors. Forty-two active seniors were recruited and randomly assigned into OFE and control groups. The OFE group underwent 12 weeks of training using popular OFE for cardiorespiratory function, flexibility, and strength, whereas participants in the control group were asked to maintain their previous lifestyles. The senior fitness test was assessed before and after the 12-week period. Unexpectedly, the results showed no significant improvement within or between the groups after the 12-week training in all parameters (p > .05). In conclusion, the 12-week OFE training failed to enhance functional fitness among active seniors. Potential reasons for the limited training effects might be lack of resistance components and diversity of the OFE design and installation.
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21
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Peters M, Muellmann S, Christianson L, Stalling I, Bammann K, Drell C, Forberger S. Measuring the association of objective and perceived neighborhood environment with physical activity in older adults: challenges and implications from a systematic review. Int J Health Geogr 2020; 19:47. [PMID: 33168094 PMCID: PMC7654613 DOI: 10.1186/s12942-020-00243-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A supportive environment is a key factor in addressing the issue of health among older adults. There is already sufficient evidence that objective and self-reported measures of the neighborhood environment should be taken into account as crucial components of active aging, as they have been shown to influence physical activity; particularly in people aged 60+. Thus, both could inform policies and practices that promote successful aging in place. An increasing number of studies meanwhile consider these exposures in analyzing their impact on physical activity in the elderly. However, there is a wide variety of definitions, measurements and methodological approaches, which complicates the process of obtaining comparable estimates of the effects and pooled results. The aim of this review was to identify and summarize these differences in order to emphasize methodological implications for future reviews and meta analyzes in this field and, thus, to create a sound basis for synthesized evidence. METHODS A systematic literature search across eight databases was conducted to identify peer-reviewed articles examining the association of objective and perceived measures of the neighborhood environment and objectively measured or self-reported physical activity in adults aged ≥ 60 years. Two authors independently screened the articles according to predefined eligibility criteria, extracted data, and assessed study quality. A qualitative synthesis of the findings is provided. RESULTS Of the 2967 records retrieved, 35 studies met the inclusion criteria. Five categories of methodological approaches, numerous measurement instruments to assess the neighborhood environment and physical activity, as well as several clusters of definitions of neighborhood, were identified. CONCLUSIONS The strength of evidence of the associations of specific categories of environmental attributes with physical activity varies across measurement types of the outcome and exposures as well as the physical activity domain observed and the operationalization of neighborhood. The latter being of great importance for the targeted age group. In the light of this, future reviews should consider these variations and stratify their summaries according to the different approaches, measures and definitions. Further, underlying mechanisms should be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Peters
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology–BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28215 Bremen, Germany
- Faculty of Human and Health Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Saskia Muellmann
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology–BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28215 Bremen, Germany
| | - Lara Christianson
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology–BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28215 Bremen, Germany
| | - Imke Stalling
- Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research (IPP), Working Group Epidemiology of Demographic Change, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Karin Bammann
- Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research (IPP), Working Group Epidemiology of Demographic Change, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Carina Drell
- Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research (IPP), Working Group Epidemiology of Demographic Change, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Sarah Forberger
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology–BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28215 Bremen, Germany
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22
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Asiamah N, Petersen C, Kouveliotis K, Eduafo R. The Built Environment and Socio-Demographic Correlates of Partial and Absolute Sedentary Behaviours in Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Accra, Ghana. J Cross Cult Gerontol 2020; 36:21-42. [PMID: 33141375 DOI: 10.1007/s10823-020-09417-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study examined built environmental and socio-demographic variables as correlates of sedentary behaviour in a population of older adults, and attempted to introduce the idea of measuring sedentary behaviour with two domains, namely 'partial sedentary behaviour' and 'absolute sedentary behaviour'. The study's population was community-dwelling older adults aged 60 years or more in Accra, Ghana. A self-reported questionnaire was used to gather data from 504 older people. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to present findings, with all nominal categorical variables incorporated in this analysis dummy-coded. The overall (third) regression model accounted for a variance of 55.9% and a significant F-test [F (25,454) = 22.99; p < 0.001)]. Gender was positively associated with sedentary behaviour - the sedentary behaviour of women was 28 min in excess of that of men. Sedentary behaviour decreased as the social network size and supporting social network of older people increased. Sedentary behaviour decreased as availability of spacious road pavements, secure social recreational centres for older people, and health services in the community increased. The improvement of road safety conditions at the community level and design of the built environment to support social integration of older people are major recommendations of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nestor Asiamah
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Africa Centre for Epidemiology, P.O. Box AN 18462, Accra North, Ghana.
| | - Carl Petersen
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Kyriakos Kouveliotis
- Department of Health Management, International Telematic University Uninettuno, Rome, Italy
| | - Richard Eduafo
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Africa Centre for Epidemiology, Accra, Ghana
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Moran MR, Rodríguez DA, Cotinez-O'Ryan A, Miranda JJ. Park use, perceived park proximity, and neighborhood characteristics: Evidence from 11 cities in Latin America. CITIES (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2020; 105:102817. [PMID: 33012941 PMCID: PMC7490577 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2020.102817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
This study examines how park use may be associated with perceived park proximity, neighborhood-built environment and perceived social disorder in Latin American cities. The study uses self-reported data from the 2016 CAF survey, including 7,970 urban residents from 11 cities across Latin America. Results show positive graded associations between perceived park proximity and use, holding all others constant. Additional factors that were found to be associated with park use are neighborhood formality and related built-environment characteristics, including paved streets and sidewalks. Park use was mostly unrelated to perceived social disorder, with the exception of indigence, with which it is was positively associated. Stronger associations between park proximity and use were observed among those who reported higher prevalence of indigence or begging in their household block. These findings stress the importance of perceived park proximity in enhancing their use in urban Latin America, and challenge the role of social disorder and crime as a barrier for park use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika R. Moran
- Institute for Urban and Regional Development, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Corresponding author.
| | - Daniel A. Rodríguez
- Institute for Urban and Regional Development, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of City and Regional Planning, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Andrea Cotinez-O'Ryan
- Department of Public Health, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Educación Física, Deportes y Recreación, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - J. Jaime Miranda
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- CRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
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Twardzik E, Clarke P, Judd S, Colabianchi N. Neighborhood Participation Is Less Likely among Older Adults with Sidewalk Problems. J Aging Health 2020; 33:101-113. [PMID: 32960717 DOI: 10.1177/0898264320960966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: This cross-sectional study examines the association between perceived sidewalk conditions and neighborhood participation among older adults in the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study. Methods: Between 2013-2016, 14,233 REGARDS participants completed a second in-home visit. Using logistic regression, we cross-sectionally examined if perceived severity of sidewalk problems was associated with going into the neighborhood less than once compared to 1-7 times per week. Results: The analytic sample included participants (N = 9863) with nonmissing data. The likelihood of going into the neighborhood less than one time per week was greater among participants who reported minor (OR = 1.15; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.33), somewhat serious (OR = 1.41; 95% CI: 1.17, 1.70), and very serious (OR = 1.65; 95% CI: 1.38, 1.98) sidewalk problems in their neighborhood compared to those reporting no sidewalk problems, independent of demographic, socioeconomic, and impairment characteristics. Discussion: Perceived sidewalk problems appear to deter neighborhood participation among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Twardzik
- School of Kinesiology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Philippa Clarke
- School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Institute for Social Research, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Natalie Colabianchi
- School of Kinesiology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Institute for Social Research, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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25
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Liu Z, Kemperman A, Timmermans H. Location Choice in the Context of Older Adults' Leisure-Time Walking. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17134775. [PMID: 32630767 PMCID: PMC7369953 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17134775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Leisure-time walking is the most prevalent and preferred form of physical activity of older adults. In order to promote leisure-time walking and enhance the efficiency of using outdoor open spaces, the supply of different types of walking locations should match the needs, interests and preferences of older adults. However, there is limited knowledge on which location types are chosen by which groups of individuals under which conditions. This study therefore examines the effects of socio-demographics, episode participation attributes and neighborhood characteristics on the location choice of older adults for leisure-time walking. A multinomial logit model is estimated based on data collected among 316 respondents aged 60 or older in Dalian, China. The results indicate that older people’s location choices for walking are associated with their socio-demographics, episode participation attributes and neighborhood characteristics. Finally, implications of the results for the planning, design and management of open spaces are identified.
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Stevens M, Cruwys T, Murray K. Social support facilitates physical activity by reducing pain. Br J Health Psychol 2020; 25:576-595. [DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Stevens
- Research School of Psychology The Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia
| | - Tegan Cruwys
- Research School of Psychology The Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia
| | - Kristen Murray
- Research School of Psychology The Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia
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Yang G, Zhao Y, Xing H, Fu Y, Liu G, Kang X, Mai X. Understanding the changes in spatial fairness of urban greenery using time-series remote sensing images: A case study of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 715:136763. [PMID: 32007872 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Urban greenery is essential to the living environment of humans. Objectively assessing the rationality of the spatial distribution of green space resources will contribute to regional greening plans, thereby reducing social injustice. However, it is difficult to propose a reasonable greening policy aimed at the coordinated development of an urban agglomeration due to a lack of baseline information. This study investigated the changes in spatial fairness of the greenery surrounding residents in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay by examining time-series remote sensing images from 1997 to 2017. With the substitution of impervious, artificial surfaces for universal areas of human activities, we quantified the amount of surrounding greenery from the perspective of human activities at the pixel level by utilizing a nested buffer. The Gini coefficient was further calculated for each city to quantify the spatial fairness of the surrounding greenery to people. The results indicated that areas with less greenery surrounding them decreased during 1997 and 2017 in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay. The spatial fairness did not tend to increase with the improvements in the overall greening level. The spatial fairness of 4 cities had an increasing trend, and the Gini coefficients of 5 cities were still over 0.6 in 2017. We further proposed different greening policy suggestions for different cities based on the amount of greenery surrounding people and the trend in fairness. The results and the conclusion of this research will help to improve future regional greening policies and to reduce environmental injustice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yaolong Zhao
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
| | - Hanfa Xing
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250300, China
| | - Yingchun Fu
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Guilin Liu
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Xinyi Kang
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Xin Mai
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
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Vitality of Urban Parks and Its Influencing Factors from the Perspective of Recreational Service Supply, Demand, and Spatial Links. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17051615. [PMID: 32131523 PMCID: PMC7084482 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17051615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Urban parks provide multiple non-material benefits to human health and well-being; measuring these “intangible” benefits mainly co-produced by the spatial interactivity between dwellers and urban parks is vital for urban green space management. This paper introduced “vitality” to measure the intangible benefits of urban parks and constructed a straightforward and spatially explicit approach to assess the park vitality based on visiting intensity and recreational satisfaction rate. Freely available data of check-in comments on parks, points-of-interest (POIs), and other multi-source data from Beijing were used to assess the urban park vitality and explore the factors influencing it from the perspectives of recreational service supply, demand, and spatial linking characteristics. We found that the urban park vitalities decreased along the urban–rural gradient. The presence of water and facility density in the parks have significant positive impacts on park vitality, and high population density nearby was a positive factor. Moreover, the external higher levels of the POI-based urban function mix and density, as well as developed public transportation, were strongly associated with greater park vitality. Our research proposed a feasible and effective method to assess the park vitality, and the findings from this study have significant implications for optimizing the spatial configuration of urban parks.
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Li F, Li F, Li S, Long Y. Deciphering the recreational use of urban parks: Experiments using multi-source big data for all Chinese cities. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 701:134896. [PMID: 31706210 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
China's rapid urbanization process has accentuated the disparity between the demand for and supply of its park recreational services. Estimations of park use and an understanding of the factors that influence it are critical for increasing these services. However, the data traditionally used to quantify park use are often subjective as well as costly and laborious to procure. This paper assessed the use of parks through an analysis of check-in data obtained from the Weibo social media platform for 13,759 parks located in all 287 cities at prefecture level and above across China. We investigated how park attributes, accessibility, and the socioeconomic environment affected the number and density of park check-ins. We used multiple linear regression models to analyze the factors influencing check-ins for park visits. The results showed that in all the cities, the influence of external factors on the number and density of check-in visits, notably the densities of points of interest (POIs) and bus stops around the parks was significantly positive, with the density of POIs being the most influential factor. Conversely, park attributes, which included the park service area and the landscape shape index (LSI), negatively influenced park use. The density of POIs and bus stops located around the park positively influenced the density of the recreational use of urban parks in cities within all administrative tiers, whereas the impact of park service areas was negative in all of them. Finally, the factors with the greatest influence varied according to the administrative tiers of the cities. These findings provide valuable inputs for increasing the efficiency of park use and improving recreational services according to the characteristics of different cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangzheng Li
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Fengyi Li
- School of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Shuangjin Li
- Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University, Higashi Hiroshima, 739-8529, Japan
| | - Ying Long
- School of Architecture and Hang Lung Center for Real Estate, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Kruize H, van Kamp I, van den Berg M, van Kempen E, Wendel-Vos W, Ruijsbroek A, Swart W, Maas J, Gidlow C, Smith G, Ellis N, Hurst G, Masterson D, Triguero-Mas M, Cirach M, Gražulevičienė R, van den Hazel P, Nieuwenhuijsen M. Exploring mechanisms underlying the relationship between the natural outdoor environment and health and well-being - Results from the PHENOTYPE project. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 134:105173. [PMID: 31677803 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the large number of studies on beneficial effects of the natural outdoor environment (NOE) on health, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. OBJECTIVE This study explored the relations between amount, quality, use and experience of the NOE; and physical activity, social contacts and mental well-being. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, data on GIS-derived measures of residential surrounding greenness (NDVI), NOE within 300 m, and audit data on quality of the streetscape were combined with questionnaire data from 3947 adults in four European cities. These included time spent in NOE (use); and perceived greenness, and satisfaction with and importance given to the NOE (experience). Physical activity, social contacts and mental health were selected as key outcome indicators. Descriptive and multilevel analyses were conducted both on pooled data and for individual cities. RESULTS More minutes spent in the NOE were associated with more minutes of physical activity, a higher frequency of social contacts with neighbors, and better mental well-being. Perceived greenness, satisfaction with and importance of the NOE, were other strong predictors of the outcomes, while GIS measures of NOE and streetscape quality were not. We found clear differences between the four cities. CONCLUSIONS Use and experience of the natural outdoor environment are important predictors for beneficial effects of the natural outdoor environment and health. Future research should focus more on these aspects to further increase our understanding of these mechanisms, and needs to take the local context into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanneke Kruize
- Centre for Sustainability, Environment and Health, RIVM, Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
| | - Irene van Kamp
- Centre for Sustainability, Environment and Health, RIVM, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | | | - Elise van Kempen
- Centre for Sustainability, Environment and Health, RIVM, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Wanda Wendel-Vos
- Centre for Prevention and Health Services, RIVM, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | | | - Wim Swart
- Centre for Sustainability, Environment and Health, RIVM, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Jolanda Maas
- VU University, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Clinical Psychology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Christopher Gidlow
- Centre for Health and Development (CHAD), Staffordshire University, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Graham Smith
- Centre for Health and Development (CHAD), Staffordshire University, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Naomi Ellis
- Centre for Health and Development (CHAD), Staffordshire University, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Gemma Hurst
- Centre for Health and Development (CHAD), Staffordshire University, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Masterson
- Centre for Health and Development (CHAD), Staffordshire University, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Margarita Triguero-Mas
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Cirach
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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Older Adults' Outdoor Walking and Inequalities in Neighbourhood Green Spaces Characteristics. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16224379. [PMID: 31717514 PMCID: PMC6888485 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16224379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Outdoor walking has considerable benefits for healthy ageing and older adults are recommended to walk regularly. However, older adults living in high-deprivation areas walk less than those living in low-deprivation areas. Previous research has shown that the characteristics of neighbourhood green spaces (i.e., proximity, attractiveness, size, and number) may influence outdoor walking. This study examines spatial inequalities in the characteristics of neighbourhood green spaces in high- versus low-deprivation areas and their possible influences on disparities in older adults’ outdoor walking levels. For this purpose, it included a sample of 173 participants (≥65 years) and used secondary data and a geographic information system (GIS) to objectively measure neighbourhood green spaces characteristics. Geographic positioning system (GPS) technology was used to objectively measure outdoor walking levels. Data on participants’ personal characteristics were collected by questionnaire. The results indicate that one characteristic of neighbourhood green spaces (i.e., size) is positively related to outdoor walking levels. They show that inequalities in neighbourhood green spaces’ size in high- versus low-deprivation areas may influence disparities in older adults’ outdoor walking levels. Despite inequalities in other neighbourhood green space characteristics (e.g., proximity, attractiveness, and number) in high- versus low-deprivation areas, no relationship was found between these neighbourhood green space characteristics and participants’ outdoor walking levels. Enhancing the distribution or creation of large neighbourhood green spaces (e.g., through creating green space networks) may enhance outdoor walking among older residents, especially in high-deprivation areas.
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Xie B, Jiao J, An Z, Zheng Y, Li Z. Deciphering the stroke-built environment nexus in transitional cities: Conceptual framework, empirical evidence, and implications for proactive planning intervention. CITIES (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2019; 94:116-128. [PMID: 38239895 PMCID: PMC10795972 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2019.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Adverse lifestyle-associated health outcomes, and stroke in particular, have been aggravated in transitional countries under high-speed urbanisation. Against this backdrop, deciphering the nexus between built environments (BEs) and lifestyle-associated health outcomes is of importance for crafting proactive interventions. The existing literature on this topic, however, fails to sufficiently capture the multiplicity of health-related BEs and, in turn, the complexity of such a nexus, largely challenging the applicability of established frameworks and the reliability of relevant findings. Looking at the case of stroke in Wuhan, China, this research aims to flesh out the understanding of the nexus between multidimensional BEs and lifestyle-associated health outcomes in transitional cities, with regards to conceptual framework and empirical evidence. To this end, we clarified stroke-related BE elements and integrated them into one conceptual framework. We then visualised stroke risk and examined its BE determinants using the Bayesian conditional autoregressive model. The visualisation results showed that stroke risks exhibited significant clustering in the high-density urban core. The statistical analysis found that, after the data were controlled for sociodemographic characteristics, net population density and building density were positively associated with stroke risk. In contrast, an abundance of public parks and institutional land use and access to medical care facilities have presented negative correlations with stroke risk, regardless of urban density. Our research reveals that compact urban developments might not be a silver bullet for health promotion in transitional cities, calling for an urgent need to scrutinise their applicability. To offset the adverse effects of increasingly dense urban environments, more efforts should also be made to provide better access to the identified salubrious resources. Furthermore, we argue that the establishment of comprehensive conceptual frameworks that connect BEs and lifestyle-associated health outcomes deserves to be highlighted in further research, planning intervention schemes, and health impact assessment projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xie
- School of Urban Design, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Junfeng Jiao
- School of Architecture, The University of Texas at Austin, 310 Inner Campus Drive, Austin, TX 78712, United States of America
| | - Zihao An
- Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Yiling Zheng
- School of Urban Design, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhigang Li
- School of Urban Design, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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Cohen DA, Han B, Park S, Williamson S, Derose KP. Park Use and Park-Based Physical Activity in Low-Income Neighborhoods. J Aging Phys Act 2019; 27:334-342. [PMID: 30160585 PMCID: PMC7494055 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2018-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Routine physical activity is important for everyone, and most urban areas have an infrastructure of neighborhood parks that are intended to serve as a setting for recreation and leisure. However, parks are not used proportionally by all age groups, genders, and socioeconomic groups. This paper explores factors associated with park use by different age and gender groups in low-income neighborhoods in Los Angeles, CA. We found that women's visits to parks generally centered around children, whereas men's visits were more likely to be associated with their own physical activity. Barriers for seniors are associated with limited facilities and programming that meet their needs. Park managers should consider park renovations that include social meeting places, comfortable sitting areas, and walking paths to better serve women and seniors.
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Kling HE, D'Agostino EM, Booth JV, Patel H, Hansen E, Mathew MS, Messiah SE. The Effect of a Park-Based Physical Activity Program on Cardiovascular, Strength, and Mobility Outcomes Among a Sample of Racially/Ethnically Diverse Adults Aged 55 or Older. Prev Chronic Dis 2018; 15:E166. [PMID: 30589639 DOI: 10.5888/pcd15.180326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many older adults are not physically active despite the well-documented health benefits of regular exercise. We examined cardiovascular, strength, and mobility outcomes among a sample of racially/ethnically diverse adults aged 55 or older participating in a community park-based physical activity program. METHODS We assessed the following among adults aged 55 or older who attended a 1-hour park-based fitness class 2 or 3 times per week for 21 weeks: 1) 3 fitness outcomes, 2) systolic and diastolic blood pressure, 3) height and weight (to assess body mass index), and 4) pulse. We collected data at baseline (August-September 2016) and follow-up (January-February 2017). Linear regression analysis, adjusting for sex, age, and race/ethnicity, examined the association between program participation and changes in outcomes. RESULTS Adjusted models showed a mean decrease in systolic blood pressure (-3.80 mm Hg; 95% CI, -6.75 to -0.84 mm Hg) and diastolic blood pressure (-1.54 mm Hg; 95% CI, -3.01 to -0.06 mm Hg) and a mean increase in number of arm curls completed in 30 seconds (1.66; 95% CI, 0.71-2.61) from baseline to follow-up among all participants. Hispanic participants, compared with non-Hispanic white and non-Hispanic black participants, showed greater improvements in mean body mass index (-2.48; 95% CI, -4.60 to -0.34), systolic blood pressure (8.59 mm Hg; 95% CI, -16.82 to -0.36 mm Hg), diastolic blood pressure (-7.06 mm Hg; 95% CI, -11.16 to -2.97 mm Hg), and pulse (-6.53 beats per minute; 95% CI, -11.38 to -1.67 beats per minute). CONCLUSION Park-based fitness classes tailored to older, racially/ethnically diverse adults can improve cardiovascular health and strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah E Kling
- Miami-Dade County Department of Parks, Recreation and Open Spaces, Miami, Florida
| | - Emily M D'Agostino
- Miami-Dade County Department of Parks, Recreation and Open Spaces, Miami, Florida
| | - Ja'mese V Booth
- Miami-Dade County Department of Parks, Recreation and Open Spaces, Miami, Florida
| | - Hersila Patel
- Miami-Dade County Department of Parks, Recreation and Open Spaces, Miami, Florida
| | - Eric Hansen
- Miami-Dade County Department of Parks, Recreation and Open Spaces, Miami, Florida
| | - M Sunil Mathew
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Sarah E Messiah
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Mailman Center for Child Development, Room 4011, 1580 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL 33130. .,Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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Older Adults' Needs and Preferences for Open Space and Physical Activity in and Near Parks: A Systematic Review. J Aging Phys Act 2018; 26:682-696. [PMID: 29252072 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2016-0354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Major gaps exist in the literature regarding the link between open space and physical activity promotion for older adults. This study conducted a systematic review on older adults, open space, and physical activity to identify their needs and preferences in and near parks. We identified 48 peer-reviewed journal articles. All articles focused on older adults but not necessarily exclusively. Most studies were descriptive and correlational. Findings suggest that older adults have specific open space and physical activity needs in and near parks that partly overlap with younger people. Framed by the biopsychosocial framework, open space and physical activity in and near parks can benefit older adults' physical health and psychologically well-being to stay socially engaged. Framed within the person-environment and life span perspectives, open space and physical activity in and near parks can facilitate an optimum fit between older adults and their environment as they continue to develop over time.
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Colom A, Fiol M, Ruiz M, Compa M, Morey M, Moñino M, Romaguera D. Association between Access to Public Open Spaces and Physical Activity in a Mediterranean Population at High Cardiovascular Risk. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E1285. [PMID: 29914206 PMCID: PMC6025464 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15061285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background: Regular physical activity is an important preventive factor of cardiovascular disease. Proximity and density of public open spaces are important modifying factors on the practice of physical activity. This article explores the cross-sectional relationship between access to public open spaces (POS) and leisure time physical activity (LTPA) in elderly participants at high cardiovascular risk from PREDIMED-Baleares. Method: 428 elderly subjects at high cardiovascular risk, participating in the PREDIMED trial, from Palma de Mallorca (Spain) were assessed using Geographic Information Systems, and access to POS was determined. The quantity and intensity of LTPA was calculated using the Minnesota Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire. In order investigate the association between access to POS and LTPA, generalized linear regression models were used. Results: Better access to POS was not consistently associated with total LTPA. Only distance to the nearest park showed a borderline significant positive associated with total LTPA and moderate-vigorous LTPA but was not associated with light LTPA. Conclusions: Although living near POS was not associated to total LTPA, higher levels of moderate-vigorous LTPA were associated to distances to the nearest park. Future work should be conducted on a larger sample size, integrating a longitudinal design, and greater heterogeneity in POS access and introducing objective measures of physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoni Colom
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca 07120, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain.
| | - Miguel Fiol
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca 07120, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain.
| | - Maurici Ruiz
- Servicio de SIG y Teledetección, Vicerectorat d'Innovació i Transferència, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca 07120, Spain.
| | - Montserrat Compa
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, 07015 Palma, Spain.
| | - Marga Morey
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca 07120, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain.
| | - Manuel Moñino
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca 07120, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain.
| | - Dora Romaguera
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca 07120, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain.
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Hong A, Sallis JF, King AC, Conway TL, Saelens B, Cain KL, Fox EH, Frank LD. Linking green space to neighborhood social capital in older adults: The role of perceived safety. Soc Sci Med 2018; 207:38-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Yu R, Wang D, Leung J, Lau K, Kwok T, Woo J. Is Neighborhood Green Space Associated With Less Frailty? Evidence From the Mr. and Ms. Os (Hong Kong) Study. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2018; 19:528-534. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2017.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Huang NC, Kung SF, Hu SC. The Relationship between Urbanization, the Built Environment, and Physical Activity among Older Adults in Taiwan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E836. [PMID: 29695078 PMCID: PMC5981875 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15050836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Urbanization and ageing are global phenomena and offer unique challenges in different countries. A supportive environment plays a critical role in addressing the issue of behavioral change and health promotion among older adults. Many studies in the U.S., EU, and Australia have considered promoting physical activity in the community based on ecological models, whereas very few Asian studies have examined the relationships among urbanization, the built environment and physical activity in elderly at the ecological level, especially from a multi-level perspective. Due to the prevalence of post-war baby boomers and a very low birth-rate, the older population (aged 65 years old and older) in Taiwan has increased rapidly since 2011 and has exceeded the younger generation (0⁻14 years old) in 2017. Hence, the purpose of this study was first to examine the degree of urbanization in townships and the status of related built environments in Taiwan and then to investigate whether the built environment is associated with recommended amounts of physical activity among older adults. Three national datasets and a multi-level design were used in this research. Data at the individual level was obtained from the 2009 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) which was taken from June 2009 to February 2010. Ecological data was obtained from the 2006 National Land Use Investigation of the National Geographic Information System and the 2010 Population and Housing Census. The analyses included a descriptive analysis, a bivariate analysis, a multiple logistic regression, and a multi-level analysis, utilizing a mostly hierarchical linear model (HLM). The results showed a significant relationship between factors at the environmental levels and physical activity in older adults. Urbanization, the built environment, and the median income of townships were positively correlated to the physical activity of the older adults. After controlling for individual-level factors, urbanization still exhibited this correlation. Parks and green spaces were associated with achieving the recommended amount of physical activity. However, there was no relationship after controlling for factors at the individual level. Detailed discussions were provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuan-Ching Huang
- Department of Urban Planning, College of Planning & Design, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan.
| | - Shiann-Far Kung
- Department of Urban Planning, College of Planning & Design, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan.
| | - Susan C Hu
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan.
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How Urban Parks Offer Opportunities for Physical Activity in Dublin, Ireland. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15040815. [PMID: 29690508 PMCID: PMC5923857 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15040815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Parks are an important part of the urban fabric of cities. They offer people the opportunity to connect with nature, engage in physical activity, find a haven away from the city noise, or spend time alone or with family and friends. This study examines the relative importance of park and park visit characteristics for 865 survey participants in Dublin, Ireland. The data is analyzed using a multinomial logistic regression model which can distinguish the relative importance of attributes. The model results demonstrate an improvement over proportional by chance accuracy, indicating that the model is useful. The results suggest that when and why individuals go to the park along with the proximity of their residence to the park influence visit frequency more than their age and gender and more than their impression of the sound levels in the park. The contribution of the results, in terms of their potential usefulness to planners, suggest that the priority should be on the provision of park space close to residential areas, so that individuals can engage in activities such as walking and relaxation, and that the quality of that space, in the context of noise levels at least, is less important.
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Carrapatoso S, Silva P, Colaço P, Carvalho J. Perceptions of the Neighborhood Environment Associated With Walking at Recommended Intensity and Volume Levels in Recreational Senior Walkers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/02763893.2017.1393485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susana Carrapatoso
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Silva
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paulo Colaço
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Carvalho
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Hamilton K, Kaczynski AT, Fair ML, Lévesque L. Examining the Relationship between Park Neighborhoods, Features, Cleanliness, and Condition with Observed Weekday Park Usage and Physical Activity: A Case Study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 2017:7582402. [PMID: 29333172 PMCID: PMC5733243 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7582402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Little research has comprehensively explored how park features, quality indicators, and neighborhood environments are associated with observed park usage and physical activity (PA). This case study examined whether weekday park usage and PA differ by neighborhood type, across numerous categories of park features, and according to park feature condition and cleanliness. Methods Direct observation was used to capture the number of users and PA levels within 143 park features in 6 parks (3 urban, 3 suburban) over the course of six weeks. Audits of park environments assessed the type, condition, and cleanliness of all features and amenities. Results Urban parks experienced greater usage, but a higher proportion of sedentary users than suburban parks. Usage and PA levels differed across types of park features, with splash pads, pools, paths, and play structures having the greatest proportion of active users. Usage did not differ by park feature condition and cleanliness, but greater condition and cleanliness were generally associated with higher PA levels. Conclusions Factors such as neighborhood context, types of park features, and condition and cleanliness can impact park usage and PA levels and should be targets for researchers and planners aiming to foster more user-friendly and active neighborhood park environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerry Hamilton
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, 28 Division Street, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - Andrew T. Kaczynski
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Melissa L. Fair
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Lucie Lévesque
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, 28 Division Street, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6
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Barnett DW, Barnett A, Nathan A, Van Cauwenberg J, Cerin E. Built environmental correlates of older adults' total physical activity and walking: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2017; 14:103. [PMID: 28784183 PMCID: PMC5547528 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-017-0558-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 359] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying attributes of the built environment associated with health-enhancing levels of physical activity (PA) in older adults (≥65 years old) has the potential to inform interventions supporting healthy and active ageing. The aim of this study was to first systematically review and quantify findings on built environmental correlates of older adults' PA, and second, investigate differences by type of PA and environmental attribute measurement. METHODS One hundred articles from peer-reviewed and grey literature examining built environmental attributes related to total PA met inclusion criteria and relevant information was extracted. Findings were meta-analysed and weighted by article quality and sample size and then stratified by PA and environmental measurement method. Associations (p < .05) were found in relation to 26 individual built environmental attributes across six categories (walkability, residential density/urbanisation, street connectivity, access to/availability of destinations and services, infrastructure and streetscape, and safety) and total PA and walking specifically. Reported individual- and environmental-level moderators were also examined. RESULTS Positive environmental correlates of PA, ranked by strength of evidence, were: walkability (p < .001), safety from crime (p < .001), overall access to destinations and services (p < .001), recreational facilities (p < .001), parks/public open space (p = .002) and shops/commercial destinations (p = .006), greenery and aesthetically pleasing scenery (p = .004), walk-friendly infrastructure (p = .009), and access to public transport (p = .016). There were 26 individual differences in the number of significant associations when the type of PA and environmental measurement method was considered. No consistent moderating effects on the association between built environmental attributes and PA were found. CONCLUSIONS Safe, walkable, and aesthetically pleasing neighbourhoods, with access to overall and specific destinations and services positively influenced older adults' PA participation. However, when considering the environmental attributes that were sufficiently studied (i.e., in ≥5 separate findings), the strength of evidence of associations of specific categories of environment attributes with PA differed across PA and environmental measurement types. Future research should be mindful of these differences in findings and identify the underlying mechanisms. Higher quality research is also needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W. Barnett
- Institute for Health and Ageing, Australian Catholic University, Level 6, 215 Spring Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Anthony Barnett
- Institute for Health and Ageing, Australian Catholic University, Level 6, 215 Spring Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Andrea Nathan
- Institute for Health and Ageing, Australian Catholic University, Level 6, 215 Spring Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Jelle Van Cauwenberg
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Research Foundation Flanders, Egmontstraat 5, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ester Cerin
- Institute for Health and Ageing, Australian Catholic University, Level 6, 215 Spring Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, 7 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region China
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004 Australia
| | - on behalf of the Council on Environment and Physical Activity (CEPA) – Older Adults working group
- Institute for Health and Ageing, Australian Catholic University, Level 6, 215 Spring Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Research Foundation Flanders, Egmontstraat 5, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, 7 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region China
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004 Australia
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Barnett DW, Barnett A, Nathan A, Van Cauwenberg J, Cerin E. Built environmental correlates of older adults' total physical activity and walking: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2017. [PMID: 28784183 DOI: 10.1186/sl2966-017-0558-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying attributes of the built environment associated with health-enhancing levels of physical activity (PA) in older adults (≥65 years old) has the potential to inform interventions supporting healthy and active ageing. The aim of this study was to first systematically review and quantify findings on built environmental correlates of older adults' PA, and second, investigate differences by type of PA and environmental attribute measurement. METHODS One hundred articles from peer-reviewed and grey literature examining built environmental attributes related to total PA met inclusion criteria and relevant information was extracted. Findings were meta-analysed and weighted by article quality and sample size and then stratified by PA and environmental measurement method. Associations (p < .05) were found in relation to 26 individual built environmental attributes across six categories (walkability, residential density/urbanisation, street connectivity, access to/availability of destinations and services, infrastructure and streetscape, and safety) and total PA and walking specifically. Reported individual- and environmental-level moderators were also examined. RESULTS Positive environmental correlates of PA, ranked by strength of evidence, were: walkability (p < .001), safety from crime (p < .001), overall access to destinations and services (p < .001), recreational facilities (p < .001), parks/public open space (p = .002) and shops/commercial destinations (p = .006), greenery and aesthetically pleasing scenery (p = .004), walk-friendly infrastructure (p = .009), and access to public transport (p = .016). There were 26 individual differences in the number of significant associations when the type of PA and environmental measurement method was considered. No consistent moderating effects on the association between built environmental attributes and PA were found. CONCLUSIONS Safe, walkable, and aesthetically pleasing neighbourhoods, with access to overall and specific destinations and services positively influenced older adults' PA participation. However, when considering the environmental attributes that were sufficiently studied (i.e., in ≥5 separate findings), the strength of evidence of associations of specific categories of environment attributes with PA differed across PA and environmental measurement types. Future research should be mindful of these differences in findings and identify the underlying mechanisms. Higher quality research is also needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Barnett
- Institute for Health and Ageing, Australian Catholic University, Level 6, 215 Spring Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Anthony Barnett
- Institute for Health and Ageing, Australian Catholic University, Level 6, 215 Spring Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Andrea Nathan
- Institute for Health and Ageing, Australian Catholic University, Level 6, 215 Spring Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Jelle Van Cauwenberg
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Research Foundation Flanders, Egmontstraat 5, 1000, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ester Cerin
- Institute for Health and Ageing, Australian Catholic University, Level 6, 215 Spring Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, 7 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China.
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
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Lindsay Smith G, Banting L, Eime R, O’Sullivan G, van Uffelen JGZ. The association between social support and physical activity in older adults: a systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2017; 14:56. [PMID: 28449673 PMCID: PMC5408452 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-017-0509-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 359] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The promotion of active and healthy ageing is becoming increasingly important as the population ages. Physical activity (PA) significantly reduces all-cause mortality and contributes to the prevention of many chronic illnesses. However, the proportion of people globally who are active enough to gain these health benefits is low and decreases with age. Social support (SS) is a social determinant of health that may improve PA in older adults, but the association has not been systematically reviewed. This review had three aims: 1) Systematically review and summarise studies examining the association between SS, or loneliness, and PA in older adults; 2) clarify if specific types of SS are positively associated with PA; and 3) investigate whether the association between SS and PA differs between PA domains. METHODS Quantitative studies examining a relationship between SS, or loneliness, and PA levels in healthy, older adults over 60 were identified using MEDLINE, PSYCInfo, SportDiscus, CINAHL and PubMed, and through reference lists of included studies. Quality of these studies was rated. RESULTS This review included 27 papers, of which 22 were cross sectional studies, three were prospective/longitudinal and two were intervention studies. Overall, the study quality was moderate. Four articles examined the relation of PA with general SS, 17 with SS specific to PA (SSPA), and six with loneliness. The results suggest that there is a positive association between SSPA and PA levels in older adults, especially when it comes from family members. No clear associations were identified between general SS, SSPA from friends, or loneliness and PA levels. When measured separately, leisure time PA (LTPA) was associated with SS in a greater percentage of studies than when a number of PA domains were measured together. CONCLUSIONS The evidence surrounding the relationship between SS, or loneliness, and PA in older adults suggests that people with greater SS for PA are more likely to do LTPA, especially when the SS comes from family members. However, high variability in measurement methods used to assess both SS and PA in included studies made it difficult to compare studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lauren Banting
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Rochelle Eime
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Federation University, Ballarat, Australia
| | - Grant O’Sullivan
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jannique G. Z. van Uffelen
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Kinesiology, Physical Activity, Sports and Health Research Group, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
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GIS-measured walkability, transit, and recreation environments in relation to older Adults' physical activity: A latent profile analysis. Prev Med 2016; 93:57-63. [PMID: 27663428 PMCID: PMC5718370 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An infrequently studied question is how diverse combinations of built environment (BE) features relate to physical activity (PA) for older adults. We derived patterns of geographic information systems- (GIS) measured BE features and explored how they accounted for differences in objective and self-reported PA, sedentary time, and BMI in a sample of older adults. Senior Neighborhood Quality of Life Study participants (N=714, aged 66-97years, 52.1% women, 29.7% racial/ethnic minority) were sampled in 2005-2008 from the Seattle-King County, WA and Baltimore, MD-Washington, DC regions. Participants' home addresses were geocoded, and net residential density, land use mix, retail floor area ratio, intersection density, public transit density, and public park and private recreation facility density measures for 1-km network buffers were derived. Latent profile analyses (LPAs) were estimated from these GIS-based measures. In multilevel regression models, profiles were compared on accelerometer-measured moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and sedentary time and self-reported PA, adjusting for covariates and clustering. Analyses were conducted in 2014-2015. LPAs yielded three profiles: low walkability/transit/recreation (L-L-L); mean walkability/transit/recreation (M-M-M); and high walkability/transit/recreation (H-H-H). Three PA outcomes were more favorable in the HHH than the LLL profile group (difference of 7.2min/day for MVPA, 97.8min/week for walking for errands, and 79.2min/week for walking for exercise; all ps<0.02). The most and least activity-supportive BE profiles showed greater differences in older adults' PA than did groupings based solely on a 4-component walkability index, suggesting that diverse BE features are important for healthy aging.
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Cohen DA, Han B, Nagel CJ, Harnik P, McKenzie TL, Evenson KR, Marsh T, Williamson S, Vaughan C, Katta S. The First National Study of Neighborhood Parks: Implications for Physical Activity. Am J Prev Med 2016; 51:419-26. [PMID: 27209496 PMCID: PMC5030121 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION An extensive infrastructure of neighborhood parks supports leisure time physical activity in most U.S. cities; yet, most Americans do not meet national guidelines for physical activity. Neighborhood parks have never been assessed nationally to identify their role in physical activity. METHODS Using a stratified multistage sampling strategy, a representative sample of 174 neighborhood parks in 25 major cities (population >100,000) across the U.S. was selected. Park use, park-based physical activity, and park conditions were observed during a typical week using systematic direct observation during spring/summer of 2014. Park administrators were interviewed to assess policies and practices. Data were analyzed in 2014-2015 using repeated-measure negative binomial regressions to estimate weekly park use and park-based physical activity. RESULTS Nationwide, the average neighborhood park of 8.8 acres averaged 20 users/hour or an estimated 1,533 person hours of weekly use. Walking loops and gymnasia each generated 221 hours/week of moderate to vigorous physical activity. Seniors represented 4% of park users, but 20% of the general population. Parks were used less in low-income than in high-income neighborhoods, largely explained by fewer supervised activities and marketing/outreach efforts. Programming and marketing were associated with 37% and 63% more hours of moderate to vigorous physical activity/week in parks, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The findings establish national benchmarks for park use, which can guide future park investments and management practices to improve population health. Offering more programming, using marketing tools like banners and posters, and installing facilities like walking loops, may help currently underutilized parks increase population physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bing Han
- RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California
| | | | - Peter Harnik
- Trust for Public Land, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Thomas L McKenzie
- School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
| | - Kelly R Evenson
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina- Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | | | | | | | - Sweatha Katta
- City Parks Alliance, Washington, District of Columbia
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Jáuregui A, Salvo D, Lamadrid-Figueroa H, Hernández B, Rivera-Dommarco JA, Pratt M. Perceived and Objective Measures of Neighborhood Environment for Physical Activity Among Mexican Adults, 2011. Prev Chronic Dis 2016; 13:E76. [PMID: 27281391 PMCID: PMC4900820 DOI: 10.5888/pcd13.160009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Environmental supports for physical activity may help residents to be physically active. However, such supports might not help if residents' perceptions of the built environment do not correspond with objective measures. We assessed the associations between objective and perceived measures of the built environment among adults in Cuernavaca, Mexico, and examined whether certain variables modified this relationship. METHODS We conducted a population-based (n = 645) study in 2011 that used objective (based on geographic information systems) and perceived (by questionnaire) measures of the following features of the built environment: residential density, mixed-land use, intersection density, and proximity to parks and transit stops. We used linear regression to assess the adjusted associations between these measures and to identify variables modifying these relationships. RESULTS Adjusted associations were significant for all features (P < .05) except intersection density and proximity to transit stops. Significantly stronger associations between perceived and objective measures were observed among participants with low socioeconomic status, participants who did not own a motor vehicle or did not meet physical activity recommendations, and participants perceiving parks as safe. CONCLUSION Perceived measures of residential density, mixed-land use, and proximity to parks are associated with objective environmental measures related to physical activity. However, in Mexico, it should not be assumed that perceived measures of intersection density and proximity to transit stops are the same as objective measures. Our results are consistent with those from high-income countries in that associations between perceived and objective measures are modified by individual sociodemographic and psychosocial factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Jáuregui
- Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México 62100.
| | - Deborah Salvo
- Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México, School of Public Health, University of Texas, Austin, Texas
| | - Héctor Lamadrid-Figueroa
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Bernardo Hernández
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Juan A Rivera-Dommarco
- Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Michael Pratt
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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Calogiuri G. Natural Environments and Childhood Experiences Promoting Physical Activity, Examining the Mediational Effects of Feelings about Nature and Social Networks. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:439. [PMID: 27110802 PMCID: PMC4847101 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13040439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The importance of natural environments (NEs) for physical activity (PA) has been studied extensively. However, there is scant evidence to explain the motivational processes underlying the NE-PA relation. The aim of this study was to investigate the NE-PA relation using an ecological framework, focusing on perception of NEs, childhood experiences and possible intra- and inter-individual mediators. Data were retrieved from a cross-sectional survey among 2168 adults from all over Norway. In addition, the coverage of NEs by municipalities was retrieved from national registers. Logistic regression showed that, unlike the self-reported proximity to NEs, higher ratings of perceived supportiveness of NEs for PA predicted participation in NE-based PA for at least 60 min/week or 150 min/week, before and after controlling for socio-demographic characteristics. Reporting frequent experiences in nature during childhood was also an important predictor of higher levels of NE-based PA. Furthermore, a mediational analysis showed that the effect of both predictors was mediated by "feelings about nature" and "social networks". These findings indicate that to encourage the use of local NE for PA, not only should environmental perceptions be taken into account, positive feelings towards nature alongside opportunities to share activity in nature with others should also be promoted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Calogiuri
- Department of Dental Care and Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hedmark University College, Hamarveien 112, 2411 Elverum, Norway.
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50
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Tu H, Liao X, Schuller K, Cook A, Fan S, Lan G, Lu Y, Yuan Z, Moore JB, Maddock JE. Insights from an observational assessment of park-based physical activity in Nanchang, China. Prev Med Rep 2015; 2:930-4. [PMID: 26844171 PMCID: PMC4721293 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2015.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Internationally, parks have been shown to be an important community asset for physical activity (PA), but little is known about the relationship between park usage and physical activity in China. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between park user characteristics and PA in Nanchang, China. In June 2014, 75,678 people were observed in eight parks over 12 days using SOPARC, a validated systematic observation tool. A logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between PA and park user characteristics. Most park users were older adults (53.5%) or adults (34.6%). Overall, 55% of park users engaged in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Fewer women were observed in parks than men, but were 66% more likely to be engaged in MVPA than men. Park users were more likely to be observed in MVPA between 6–9 am and when the temperature was below 30 °C. Chinese park users were more active (55%) than US studies in Tampa (30%), Chicago (49%), and Los Angeles (34%). More research is necessary to identify features of parks that are associated with greater PA so that effective interventions can be developed to promote active park use in Chinese citizens. Park use and physical activity were assessed in 8 parks in Nanchang, China. Children and teenagers were seldom observed in parks. About half of park users were physically active. Temperature but not air quality was related to park use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Tu
- School of Public Health, Nanchang University, China
| | - Xiong Liao
- School of Public Health, Nanchang University, China
| | - Kristyn Schuller
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, United States
| | - Angelie Cook
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, United States
| | - Si Fan
- School of Public Health, Nanchang University, China
| | - Guilian Lan
- School of Public Health, Nanchang University, China
| | - Yuanan Lu
- School of Public Health, Nanchang University, China
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, United States
| | | | - Justin B. Moore
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, United States
| | - Jay E. Maddock
- School of Public Health, Nanchang University, China
- School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, United States
- Corresponding author at: School of Public Health, Texas A&M Health Science Center, MS 1266, 282 SPH Administration Building, College Station, TX 77843-1266, United States. Fax: + 1 979 436 9599.School of Public HealthTexas A&M Health Science Center, MS 1266282 SPH Administration BuildingCollege StationTX77843-1266United States
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