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Peng Z, Bao L, Iben J, Wang S, Shi B, Shi YB. Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 regulates mouse enteroendocrine cell development and homeostasis. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:70. [PMID: 38835047 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01257-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The adult intestinal epithelium is a complex, self-renewing tissue composed of specialized cell types with diverse functions. Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the bottom of crypts, where they divide to either self-renew, or move to the transit amplifying zone to divide and differentiate into absorptive and secretory cells as they move along the crypt-villus axis. Enteroendocrine cells (EECs), one type of secretory cells, are the most abundant hormone-producing cells in mammals and involved in the control of energy homeostasis. However, regulation of EEC development and homeostasis is still unclear or controversial. We have previously shown that protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT) 1, a histone methyltransferase and transcription co-activator, is important for adult intestinal epithelial homeostasis. RESULTS To investigate how PRMT1 affects adult intestinal epithelial homeostasis, we performed RNA-Seq on small intestinal crypts of tamoxifen-induced intestinal epithelium-specific PRMT1 knockout and PRMT1fl/fl adult mice. We found that PRMT1fl/fl and PRMT1-deficient small intestinal crypts exhibited markedly different mRNA profiles. Surprisingly, GO terms and KEGG pathway analyses showed that the topmost significantly enriched pathways among the genes upregulated in PRMT1 knockout crypts were associated with EECs. In particular, genes encoding enteroendocrine-specific hormones and transcription factors were upregulated in PRMT1-deficient small intestine. Moreover, a marked increase in the number of EECs was found in the PRMT1 knockout small intestine. Concomitantly, Neurogenin 3-positive enteroendocrine progenitor cells was also increased in the small intestinal crypts of the knockout mice, accompanied by the upregulation of the expression levels of downstream targets of Neurogenin 3, including Neuod1, Pax4, Insm1, in PRMT1-deficient crypts. CONCLUSIONS Our finding for the first time revealed that the epigenetic enzyme PRMT1 controls mouse enteroendocrine cell development, most likely via inhibition of Neurogenin 3-mediated commitment to EEC lineage. It further suggests a potential role of PRMT1 as a critical transcriptional cofactor in EECs specification and homeostasis to affect metabolism and metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyi Peng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, No. 277, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Section on Molecular Morphogenesis, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Lingyu Bao
- Section on Molecular Morphogenesis, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - James Iben
- Molecular Genomics Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Shouhong Wang
- Section on Molecular Morphogenesis, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Bingyin Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, No. 277, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yun-Bo Shi
- Section on Molecular Morphogenesis, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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2
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Kawaf RR, Ramadan WS, El-Awady R. Deciphering the interplay of histone post-translational modifications in cancer: Co-targeting histone modulators for precision therapy. Life Sci 2024; 346:122639. [PMID: 38615747 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Chromatin undergoes dynamic regulation through reversible histone post-translational modifications (PTMs), orchestrated by "writers," "erasers," and "readers" enzymes. Dysregulation of these histone modulators is well implicated in shaping the cancer epigenome and providing avenues for precision therapies. The approval of six drugs for cancer therapy targeting histone modulators, along with the ongoing clinical trials of numerous candidates, represents a significant advancement in the field of precision medicine. Recently, it became apparent that histone PTMs act together in a coordinated manner to control gene expression. The intricate crosstalk of histone PTMs has been reported to be dysregulated in cancer, thus emerging as a critical factor in the complex landscape of cancer development. This formed the foundation of the swift emergence of co-targeting different histone modulators as a new strategy in cancer therapy. This review dissects how histone PTMs, encompassing acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation, SUMOylation and ubiquitination, collaboratively influence the chromatin states and impact cellular processes. Furthermore, we explore the significance of histone modification crosstalk in cancer and discuss the potential of targeting histone modification crosstalk in cancer management. Moreover, we underscore the significant strides made in developing dual epigenetic inhibitors, which hold promise as emerging candidates for effective cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawan R Kawaf
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wafaa S Ramadan
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Raafat El-Awady
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates.
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Su S, Ji M, Chen J, Zhang M, Xu X, Cheng C. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of protein arginine methyltransferase and JmjC domain-containing family in apple. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1381753. [PMID: 38863543 PMCID: PMC11165092 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1381753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Histone methylation is an important type of histone modification that regulates gene expression in plants. In this study, we identified 14 arginine methylation-related genes (Protein Arginine Methyltransferase, MdPRMT) and 32 demethylation-related genes (JmjC Domain-Containing Family, MdJMJ) in apple. Furthermore, we investigated the phylogenetic relationship, chromosome distribution, gene structure, motif analysis, promoter sequence analysis, and expression patterns of MdPRMT and MdJMJ genes. Homology analysis showed a high degree of conservation and homology between PRMT and JMJ genes in Arabidopsis and apple. We identified the types of duplicated genes in the MdJMJ and MdPRMT gene families, found a large number of whole-genome duplicates (WGD) gene pairs and a small number of tandem duplicates (TD) pairs, transposed duplication (TRD) gene pairs as well as proximal duplicates (PD) pairs, and discussed the possible evolutionary pathways of the gene families from the perspective of duplicated genes. Homology analysis showed a high degree of conservation and homology between PRMT and JMJ genes in Arabidopsis and apple. In addition, the promoter regions of MdPRMT and MdJMJ contain numerous cis-acting elements involved in plant growth and development, hormone response, and stress responses. Based on the transcriptional profiles of MdPRMT and MdJMJ in different tissues and developmental stages, it was found that MdPRMT and MdJMJ may play multiple roles in apple growth and development, for example, MdJMJ21 may be involved in the regulation of apple endosperm formation. MdPRMT and MdJMJ exhibit different expression patterns in response to hormone signaling in apple, MdJMJ3, MdJMJ18, MdJMJ30, MdPRMT2, MdPRMT13, and MdPRMT14 may play roles in apple response to drought stress, while the expression of MdJMJ13, MdPRMT3, MdPRMT4, and MdPRMT6 is affected by cold stress. Our study provides a foundation for determining the functional roles of MdPRMT and MdJMJ genes in apple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghui Su
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Min Ji
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiaqi Chen
- National Technology Centre for Whole Process Quality Control of FSEN Horticultural Products (Qingdao), Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Meidie Zhang
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Fruit (Qingdao), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaozhao Xu
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Qingdao Key Lab of Modern Agricultural Quality and Safety Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Academy of Dongying Efficient Agricultural Technology and Industry on Saline and Alkaline Land in Collaboration with Qingdao Agricultural University, Dongying, China
| | - Chenxia Cheng
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Gaddelapati SC, George S, Moola A, Sengodan K, Palli SR. N(alpha)-acetyltransferase 40-mediated histone acetylation plays an important role in ecdysone regulation of metamorphosis in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum. Commun Biol 2024; 7:521. [PMID: 38702540 PMCID: PMC11068786 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06212-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Histone acetylation, a crucial epigenetic modification, is governed by histone acetyltransferases (HATs), that regulate many biological processes. Functions of HATs in insects are not well understood. We identified 27 HATs and determined their functions using RNA interference (RNAi) in the model insect, Tribolium castaneum. Among HATs studied, N-alpha-acetyltransferase 40 (NAA40) knockdown caused a severe phenotype of arrested larval development. The steroid hormone, ecdysone induced NAA40 expression through its receptor, EcR (ecdysone receptor). Interestingly, ecdysone-induced NAA40 regulates EcR expression. NAA40 acetylates histone H4 protein, associated with the promoters of ecdysone response genes: EcR, E74, E75, and HR3, and causes an increase in their expression. In the absence of ecdysone and NAA40, histone H4 methylation by arginine methyltransferase 1 (ART1) suppressed the above genes. However, elevated ecdysone levels at the end of the larval period induced NAA40, promoting histone H4 acetylation and increasing the expression of ecdysone response genes. NAA40 is also required for EcR, and steroid-receptor co-activator (SRC) mediated induction of E74, E75, and HR3. These findings highlight the key role of ecdysone-induced NAA40-mediated histone acetylation in the regulation of metamorphosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharath Chandra Gaddelapati
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO, 63132, USA
| | - Smitha George
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA
| | - Anilkumar Moola
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA
| | - Karthi Sengodan
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA
| | - Subba Reddy Palli
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA.
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Cao N, Zhang F, Yin J, Zhang J, Bian X, Zheng G, Li N, Lin Y, Luo L. LPCAT2 inhibits colorectal cancer progression via the PRMT1/SLC7A11 axis. Oncogene 2024; 43:1714-1725. [PMID: 38605214 PMCID: PMC11136653 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-02996-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) has a high degree of heterogeneity and identifying the genetic information of individual tumor cells could help enhance our understanding of tumor biology and uncover potential therapeutic targets for CRC. In this study, we identified LPCAT2+ tumor cell populations with less malignancy than LPCAT2- tumor cells in human and mouse CRC tissues using scRNA-seq. Combining in vitro and in vivo experiments, we found that LPCAT2 could inhibit the proliferation of CRC cells by inducing ferroptosis. Mechanistically, LPCAT2 arrested PRMT1 in cytoplasm of CRC cells via regulating acetylation of PRMT1 at the K145 site. In turn, PRMT1 enhanced SLC7A11 promoter activity. Thus, LPCAT2 attenuated the positive regulatory effect of PRMT1 on SLC7A11 promoter. Notably, SLC7A11 acts as a ferroptosis regulator. Furthermore, in LPCAT2 knockout mice (LPCAT2-/-) colon cancer model, we found that LPCAT2-/- mice exhibited more severe lesions, while PRMT1 or SLC7A11 inhibitors delayed the progression. Altogether, we elucidated that LPCAT2 suppresses SLC7A11 expression by inhibiting PRMT1 nuclear translocation, thereby inducing ferroptosis in CRC cells. Moreover, inhibitors of the PRMT1/SLC7A11 axis could delay tumor progression in CRC with low LPCAT2 expression, making it a potentially effective treatment for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Cao
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Therapy Resistance and Clinical Translational Study, Shiyan, 442000, PR China
| | - Fangmei Zhang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of "Translational Medicine on Malignant Tumor Treatment", Guangzhou, 510095, PR China
| | - Jiang Yin
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of "Translational Medicine on Malignant Tumor Treatment", Guangzhou, 510095, PR China
| | - Jianlei Zhang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of "Translational Medicine on Malignant Tumor Treatment", Guangzhou, 510095, PR China
| | - Xiqing Bian
- School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Guopei Zheng
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of "Translational Medicine on Malignant Tumor Treatment", Guangzhou, 510095, PR China
| | - Nan Li
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of "Translational Medicine on Malignant Tumor Treatment", Guangzhou, 510095, PR China.
| | - Ying Lin
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of "Translational Medicine on Malignant Tumor Treatment", Guangzhou, 510095, PR China.
| | - Liyun Luo
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of "Translational Medicine on Malignant Tumor Treatment", Guangzhou, 510095, PR China.
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Lynch J, Troadec E, Fung TK, Gladysz K, Virely C, Lau PNI, Cheung N, Zeisig B, Wong JWH, Lopes M, Huang S, So CWE. Hematopoietic stem cell quiescence and DNA replication dynamics maintained by the resilient β-catenin/Hoxa9/Prmt1 axis. Blood 2024; 143:1586-1598. [PMID: 38211335 PMCID: PMC11103100 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023022082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Maintenance of quiescence and DNA replication dynamics are 2 paradoxical requirements for the distinct states of dormant and active hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which are required to preserve the stem cell reservoir and replenish the blood cell system in response to hematopoietic stress, respectively. Here, we show that key self-renewal factors, β-catenin or Hoxa9, largely dispensable for HSC integrity, in fact, have dual functions in maintaining quiescence and enabling efficient DNA replication fork dynamics to preserve the functionality of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Although β-catenin or Hoxa9 single knockout (KO) exhibited mostly normal hematopoiesis, their coinactivation led to severe hematopoietic defects stemmed from aberrant cell cycle, DNA replication, and damage in HSPCs. Mechanistically, β-catenin and Hoxa9 function in a compensatory manner to sustain key transcriptional programs that converge on the pivotal downstream target and epigenetic modifying enzyme, Prmt1, which protects the quiescent state and ensures an adequate supply of DNA replication and repair factors to maintain robust replication fork dynamics. Inactivation of Prmt1 phenocopied both cellular and molecular phenotypes of β-catenin/Hoxa9 combined KO, which at the same time could also be partially rescued by Prmt1 expression. The discovery of the highly resilient β-catenin/Hoxa9/Prmt1 axis in protecting both quiescence and DNA replication dynamics essential for HSCs at different key states provides not only novel mechanistic insights into their intricate regulation but also a potential tractable target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Lynch
- Leukaemia and Stem Cell Biology Group, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Estelle Troadec
- Leukaemia and Stem Cell Biology Group, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tsz Kan Fung
- Leukaemia and Stem Cell Biology Group, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematological Medicine, King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kornelia Gladysz
- Leukaemia and Stem Cell Biology Group, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Clemence Virely
- Leukaemia and Stem Cell Biology Group, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Priscilla Nga Ieng Lau
- Leukaemia and Stem Cell Biology Group, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ngai Cheung
- Leukaemia and Stem Cell Biology Group, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bernd Zeisig
- Leukaemia and Stem Cell Biology Group, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematological Medicine, King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jason W. H. Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Massimo Lopes
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Suming Huang
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | - Chi Wai Eric So
- Leukaemia and Stem Cell Biology Group, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematological Medicine, King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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7
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Sudhakar SRN, Khan SN, Clark A, Hendrickson-Rebizant T, Patel S, Lakowski TM, Davie JR. Protein arginine methyltransferase 1, a major regulator of biological processes. Biochem Cell Biol 2024; 102:106-126. [PMID: 37922507 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2023-0212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) is a major type I arginine methyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of monomethyl and asymmetric dimethylarginine in protein substrates. It was first identified to asymmetrically methylate histone H4 at the third arginine residue forming the H4R3me2a active histone mark. However, several protein substrates are now identified as being methylated by PRMT1. As a result of its association with diverse classes of substrates, PRMT1 regulates several biological processes like chromatin dynamics, transcription, RNA processing, and signal transduction. The review provides an overview of PRMT1 structure, biochemical features, specificity, regulation, and role in cellular functions. We discuss the genomic distribution of PRMT1 and its association with tRNA genes. Further, we explore the different substrates of PRMT1 involved in splicing. In the end, we discuss the proteins that interact with PRMT1 and their downstream effects in diseased states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadhana R N Sudhakar
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, MB, Canada
| | - Shahper N Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, MB, Canada
| | - Ariel Clark
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, MB, Canada
| | | | - Shrinal Patel
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, MB, Canada
| | - Ted M Lakowski
- College of Pharmacy Pharmaceutical Analysis Laboratory, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
- Paul Albrechtsen Research Institute, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - James R Davie
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, MB, Canada
- Paul Albrechtsen Research Institute, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
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8
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Sudhakar SRN, Wu L, Patel S, Zovoilis A, Davie JR. Histone H4 asymmetrically dimethylated at arginine 3 (H4R3me2a), a mark of super-enhancers. Biochem Cell Biol 2024; 102:145-158. [PMID: 38011682 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2023-0211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone H4 asymmetrically dimethylated at arginine 3 (H4R3me2a) is an active histone mark catalyzed by protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1), a major arginine methyltransferase in vertebrates catalyzing asymmetric dimethylation of arginine. H4R3me2a stimulates the activity of lysine acetyltransferases such as CBP/p300, which catalyze the acetylation of H3K27, a mark of active enhancers, super-enhancers, and promoters. There are a few studies on the genomic location of H4R3me2a. In chicken polychromatic erythrocytes, H4R3me2a is found in introns and intergenic regions and binds to the globin locus control region (a super-enhancer) and globin regulatory regions. In this report, we analyzed chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing data for the genomic location of H4R3me2a in the breast cancer cell line MCF7. As in avian cells, MCF7 H4R3me2a is present in intronic and intergenic regions. Nucleosomes with H4R3me2a and H3K27ac next to nucleosome-free regions are found at super-enhancers, enhancers, and promoter regions of expressed genes. Genes with critical roles in breast cancer cells have broad domains of nucleosomes with H4R3me2a, H3K27ac, and H3K4me3. Our results are consistent with PRMT1-mediated H4R3me2a playing a key role in the chromatin organization of regulatory regions of vertebrate genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadhana R N Sudhakar
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, MB, Canada
| | - Li Wu
- Southern Alberta Genome Sciences Centre, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Shrinal Patel
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, MB, Canada
| | - Athanasios Zovoilis
- Southern Alberta Genome Sciences Centre, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - James R Davie
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, MB, Canada
- Paul Albrechtsen Research Institute, Cancer Care Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
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Jiang C, Liu J, He S, Xu W, Huang R, Pan W, Li X, Dai X, Guo J, Zhang T, Inuzuka H, Wang P, Asara JM, Xiao J, Wei W. PRMT1 orchestrates with SAMTOR to govern mTORC1 methionine sensing via Arg-methylation of NPRL2. Cell Metab 2023; 35:2183-2199.e7. [PMID: 38006878 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Methionine is an essential branch of diverse nutrient inputs that dictate mTORC1 activation. In the absence of methionine, SAMTOR binds to GATOR1 and inhibits mTORC1 signaling. However, how mTORC1 is activated upon methionine stimulation remains largely elusive. Here, we report that PRMT1 senses methionine/SAM by utilizing SAM as a cofactor for an enzymatic activity-based regulation of mTORC1 signaling. Under methionine-sufficient conditions, elevated cytosolic SAM releases SAMTOR from GATOR1, which confers the association of PRMT1 with GATOR1. Subsequently, SAM-loaded PRMT1 methylates NPRL2, the catalytic subunit of GATOR1, thereby suppressing its GAP activity and leading to mTORC1 activation. Notably, genetic or pharmacological inhibition of PRMT1 impedes hepatic methionine sensing by mTORC1 and improves insulin sensitivity in aged mice, establishing the role of PRMT1-mediated methionine sensing at physiological levels. Thus, PRMT1 coordinates with SAMTOR to form the methionine-sensing apparatus of mTORC1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Joint Research Center for Musculoskeletal Tumor of Shanghai Changzheng Hospital and University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Spinal Tumor Center, Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, China; Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shaohui He
- Joint Research Center for Musculoskeletal Tumor of Shanghai Changzheng Hospital and University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Spinal Tumor Center, Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Joint Research Center for Musculoskeletal Tumor of Shanghai Changzheng Hospital and University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Spinal Tumor Center, Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Runzhi Huang
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Weijuan Pan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiaolong Li
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Xiaoming Dai
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jianping Guo
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Inuzuka
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - John M Asara
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jianru Xiao
- Joint Research Center for Musculoskeletal Tumor of Shanghai Changzheng Hospital and University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Spinal Tumor Center, Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, China.
| | - Wenyi Wei
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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10
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Sumi D, Nakamura Y, Taguchi H, Okamoto Y, Fujishiro H. Effects of methylation of arginine residue 83 on the enzymatic activity of human arsenic (+3 oxidation state) methyltransferase. Toxicol In Vitro 2023; 93:105707. [PMID: 37805018 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (+3 oxidation state) methyltransferase is an enzyme responsible for arsenic methylation, and it requires S-adenosyl-methionine (SAM) as a coenzyme. We here generated two mutants to clarify the role of the highly conserved 83rd arginine residue (Arg83) in Motif I, the SAM-binding domain, of human AS3MT. When the AS3MT activity was compared between the mutants and the wild type (WT) recombinant protein, little activity was detected in the glycine mutant (Arg83Gly) or lysine mutant (Arg83Lys). When we examined the ability of transfected HEK293 cells exposed to arsenite to methylate arsenic, the methylation ability was significantly reduced in Arg83Gly compared to the WT, but was not significantly different between Arg83Lys and WT. Western blot analysis of the recombinant WT and Arg83Gly with an antibody that recognizes methylated Arg showed that an Arg residue in the WT was mono- and di-methylated, but not in Arg83Gly. Furthermore, a peptide containing dimethylated Arg83 was detected by MALDI-TOF/MS of the WT digested with chymotrypsin. These results indicate that AS3MT maintains its enzymatic activity through the methyl modification of Arg83.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daigo Sumi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan.
| | - Yuuri Nakamura
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan
| | - Hiroki Taguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan
| | - Yasuko Okamoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan
| | - Hitomi Fujishiro
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan
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11
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Rowley MJ, Prout-Holm RA, Liu RW, Hendrickson-Rebizant T, Ige OO, Lakowski TM, Frankel A. Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 2 plays a noncatalytic role in the histone methylation activity of PRMT1. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105360. [PMID: 37863263 PMCID: PMC10692916 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine N-methyltransferases are a family of epigenetic enzymes responsible for monomethylation or dimethylation of arginine residues on histones. Dysregulation of protein arginine N-methyltransferase activity can lead to aberrant gene expression and cancer. Recent studies have shown that PRMT2 expression and histone H3 methylation at arginine 8 are correlated with disease severity in glioblastoma multiforme, hepatocellular carcinoma, and renal cell carcinoma. In this study, we explore a noncatalytic mechanistic role for PRMT2 in histone methylation by investigating interactions between PRMT2, histone peptides and proteins, and other PRMTs using analytical and enzymatic approaches. We quantify interactions between PRMT2, peptide ligands, and PRMT1 in a cofactor- and domain-dependent manner using differential scanning fluorimetry. We found that PRMT2 modulates the substrate specificity of PRMT1. Using calf thymus histones as substrates, we saw that a 10-fold excess of PRMT2 promotes PRMT1 methylation of both histone H4 and histone H2A. We found equimolar or a 10-fold excess of PRMT2 to PRMT1 can improve the catalytic efficiency of PRMT1 towards individual histone substrates H2A, H3, and H4. We further evaluated the effects of PRMT2 towards PRMT1 on unmodified histone octamers and mononucleosomes and found marginal PRMT1 activity improvements in histone octamers but significantly greater methylation of mononucleosomes in the presence of 10-fold excess of PRMT2. This work reveals the ability of PRMT2 to serve a noncatalytic role through its SH3 domain in driving site-specific histone methylation marks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Rowley
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Riley A Prout-Holm
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Rui Wen Liu
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Olufola O Ige
- College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Ted M Lakowski
- College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Adam Frankel
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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12
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Harada K, Carr SM, Shrestha A, La Thangue NB. Citrullination and the protein code: crosstalk between post-translational modifications in cancer. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2023; 378:20220243. [PMID: 37778382 PMCID: PMC10542456 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins are central to epigenetic regulation and cellular signalling, playing an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of numerous diseases. Growing evidence indicates that protein arginine citrullination, catalysed by peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs), is involved in many aspects of molecular and cell biology and is emerging as a potential druggable target in multiple diseases including cancer. However, we are only just beginning to understand the molecular activities of PADs, and their underlying mechanistic details in vivo under both physiological and pathological conditions. Many questions still remain regarding the dynamic cellular functions of citrullination and its interplay with other types of PTMs. This review, therefore, discusses the known functions of PADs with a focus on cancer biology, highlighting the cross-talk between citrullination and other types of PTMs, and how this interplay regulates downstream biological events. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue 'The virtues and vices of protein citrullination'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koyo Harada
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Simon M. Carr
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Amit Shrestha
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Nicholas B. La Thangue
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
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13
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Cao MT, Feng Y, Zheng YG. Protein arginine methyltransferase 6 is a novel substrate of protein arginine methyltransferase 1. World J Biol Chem 2023; 14:84-98. [PMID: 37901302 PMCID: PMC10600687 DOI: 10.4331/wjbc.v14.i5.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-translational modifications play key roles in various biological processes. Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) transfer the methyl group to specific arginine residues. Both PRMT1 and PRMT6 have emerges as crucial factors in the development and progression of multiple cancer types. We posit that PRMT1 and PRMT6 might interplay directly or in-directly in multiple ways accounting for shared disease phenotypes. AIM To investigate the mechanism of the interaction between PRMT1 and PRMT6. METHODS Gel electrophoresis autoradiography was performed to test the methyltranferase activity of PRMTs and characterize the kinetics parameters of PRMTs. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometryanalysis was performed to detect the PRMT6 methylation sites. RESULTS In this study we investigated the interaction between PRMT1 and PRMT6, and PRMT6 was shown to be a novel substrate of PRMT1. We identified specific arginine residues of PRMT6 that are methylated by PRMT1, with R106 being the major methylation site. Combined biochemical and cellular data showed that PRMT1 downregulates the enzymatic activity of PRMT6 in histone H3 methylation. CONCLUSION PRMT6 is methylated by PRMT1 and R106 is a major methylation site induced by PRMT1. PRMT1 methylation suppresses the activity of PRMT6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Tong Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - You Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Y George Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States
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14
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Hegde M, Girisa S, Naliyadhara N, Kumar A, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Mohan CD, Warrier S, Hui KM, Rangappa KS, Sethi G, Kunnumakkara AB. Natural compounds targeting nuclear receptors for effective cancer therapy. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:765-822. [PMID: 36482154 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10068-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Human nuclear receptors (NRs) are a family of forty-eight transcription factors that modulate gene expression both spatially and temporally. Numerous biochemical, physiological, and pathological processes including cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, metabolism, immune modulation, development, reproduction, and aging are extensively orchestrated by different NRs. The involvement of dysregulated NRs and NR-mediated signaling pathways in driving cancer cell hallmarks has been thoroughly investigated. Targeting NRs has been one of the major focuses of drug development strategies for cancer interventions. Interestingly, rapid progress in molecular biology and drug screening reveals that the naturally occurring compounds are promising modern oncology drugs which are free of potentially inevitable repercussions that are associated with synthetic compounds. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to draw our attention to the potential therapeutic effects of various classes of natural compounds that target NRs such as phytochemicals, dietary components, venom constituents, royal jelly-derived compounds, and microbial derivatives in the establishment of novel and safe medications for cancer treatment. This review also emphasizes molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways that are leveraged to promote the anti-cancer effects of these natural compounds. We have also critically reviewed and assessed the advantages and limitations of current preclinical and clinical studies on this subject for cancer prophylaxis. This might subsequently pave the way for new paradigms in the discovery of drugs that target specific cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mangala Hegde
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Nikunj Naliyadhara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Aviral Kumar
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Mohammed S Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
- BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, University of Leicester, Michael Atiyah Building, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Electronics and Communications Department, College of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, 35712, Gamasa, Egypt
| | | | - Sudha Warrier
- Division of Cancer Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration, School of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore, 560065, India
- Cuor Stem Cellutions Pvt Ltd, Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore, 560065, India
| | - Kam Man Hui
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | | | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore.
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
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15
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Li X, Li F, Ye F, Guo H, Chen W, Jin J, Wang Y, Dai P, Shi H, Tao H, Dang W, Ding Y, Wang M, Jiang H, Chen K, Zhang N, Gao D, Zhang Y, Luo C. Spermine is a natural suppressor of AR signaling in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112798. [PMID: 37453063 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), clinical response to androgen receptor (AR) antagonists is limited mainly due to AR-variants expression and restored AR signaling. The metabolite spermine is most abundant in prostate and it decreases as prostate cancer progresses, but its functions remain poorly understood. Here, we show spermine inhibits full-length androgen receptor (AR-FL) and androgen receptor splice variant 7 (AR-V7) signaling and suppresses CRPC cell proliferation by directly binding and inhibiting protein arginine methyltransferase PRMT1. Spermine reduces H4R3me2a modification at the AR locus and suppresses AR binding as well as H3K27ac modification levels at AR target genes. Spermine supplementation restrains CRPC growth in vivo. PRMT1 inhibition also suppresses AR-FL and AR-V7 signaling and reduces CRPC growth. Collectively, we demonstrate spermine as an anticancer metabolite by inhibiting PRMT1 to transcriptionally inhibit AR-FL and AR-V7 signaling in CRPC, and we indicate spermine and PRMT1 inhibition as powerful strategies overcoming limitations of current AR-based therapies in CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Fei Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang SciTech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Haotian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Wentao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jia Jin
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang SciTech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yiran Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Pengfei Dai
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Huili Shi
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Hongru Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wenzhen Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yiluan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mingchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hualiang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Kaixian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Naixia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Dong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Cheng Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China; Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528437, China.
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16
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Cho G, Hyun K, Choi J, Shin E, Kim B, Kim H, Kim J, Han YM. Arginine 65 methylation of Neurogenin 3 by PRMT1 is required for pancreatic endocrine development of hESCs. Exp Mol Med 2023:10.1038/s12276-023-01035-8. [PMID: 37394590 PMCID: PMC10393949 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01035-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurogenin 3 (NGN3) is a key transcription factor in the cell fate determination of endocrine progenitors (EPs) in the developing pancreas. Previous studies have shown that the stability and activity of NGN3 are regulated by phosphorylation. However, the role of NGN3 methylation is poorly understood. Here, we report that protein arginine methyltransferase-1 (PRMT1)-mediated arginine 65 methylation of NGN3 is required for the pancreatic endocrine development of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in vitro. We found that inducible PRMT1-knockout (P-iKO) hESCs did not differentiate from EPs into endocrine cells (ECs) in the presence of doxycycline. Loss of PRMT1 caused NGN3 accumulation in the cytoplasm of EPs and decreased the transcriptional activity of NGN3. We found that PRMT1 specifically methylates NGN3 arginine 65 and that this modification is a prerequisite for ubiquitin-mediated degradation. Our findings demonstrate that arginine 65 methylation of NGN3 is a key molecular switch in hESCs permitting their differentiation into pancreatic ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gahyang Cho
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangbeom Hyun
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunji Shin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumsoo Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hail Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehoon Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yong-Mahn Han
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Bondoc TJ, Lowe TL, Clarke SG. The exquisite specificity of human protein arginine methyltransferase 7 (PRMT7) toward Arg-X-Arg sites. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285812. [PMID: 37216364 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian protein arginine methyltransferase 7 (PRMT7) has been shown to target substrates with motifs containing two arginine residues separated by one other residue (RXR motifs). In particular, the repression domain of human histone H2B (29-RKRSR-33) has been a key substrate in determining PRMT7 activity. We show that incubating human PRMT7 and [3H]-AdoMet with full-length Xenopus laevis histone H2B, containing the substitutions K30R and R31K (RKRSR to RRKSR), results in greatly reduced methylation activity. Using synthetic peptides, we have now focused on the enzymology behind this specificity. We show for the human and Xenopus peptide sequences 23-37 the difference in activity results from changes in the Vmax rather than the apparent binding affinity of the enzyme for the substrates. We then characterized six additional peptides containing a single arginine or a pair of arginine residues flanked by glycine and lysine residues. We have corroborated previous findings that peptides with an RXR motif have much higher activity than peptides that contain only one Arg residue. We show that these peptides have similar apparent km values but significant differences in their Vmax values. Finally, we have examined the effect of ionic strength on these peptides. We found the inclusion of salt had little effect on the Vmax value but a considerable increase in the apparent km value, suggesting that the inhibitory effect of ionic strength on PRMT7 activity occurs largely by decreasing apparent substrate-enzyme binding affinity. In summary, we find that even subtle substitutions in the RXR recognition motif can dramatically affect PRMT7 catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Bondoc
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Troy L Lowe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Steven G Clarke
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
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18
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Li Z, Chen C, Yong H, Jiang L, Wang P, Meng S, Chu S, Li Z, Guo Q, Zheng J, Bai J, Li H. PRMT2 promotes RCC tumorigenesis and metastasis via enhancing WNT5A transcriptional expression. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:322. [PMID: 37173306 PMCID: PMC10182089 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05837-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase 2 (PRMT2) is involved in several biological processes via histone methylation and transcriptional regulation. Although PRMT2 has been reported to affect breast cancer and glioblastoma progression, its role in renal cell cancer (RCC) remains unclear. Here, we found that PRMT2 was upregulated in primary RCC and RCC cell lines. We demonstrated that PRMT2 overexpression promoted RCC cell proliferation and motility both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we revealed that PRMT2-mediated H3R8 asymmetric dimethylation (H3R8me2a) was enriched in the WNT5A promoter region and enhanced WNT5A transcriptional expression, leading to activation of Wnt signaling and malignant progression of RCC. Finally, we confirmed that high PRMT2 and WNT5A expression was strongly correlated with poor clinicopathological characteristics and poor overall survival in RCC patient tissues. Our findings indicate that PRMT2 and WNT5A may be promising predictive diagnostic biomarkers for RCC metastasis. Our study also suggests that PRMT2 is a novel therapeutic target in patients with RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Li
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chaozhen Chen
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongmei Yong
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and The Second People's Hospital of Huai'an, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sen Meng
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sufang Chu
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingxiang Guo
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junnian Zheng
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jin Bai
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Hailong Li
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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19
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Yin S, Liu L, Ball LE, Wang Y, Bedford MT, Duncan SA, Wang H, Gan W. CDK5-PRMT1-WDR24 signaling cascade promotes mTORC1 signaling and tumor growth. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112316. [PMID: 36995937 PMCID: PMC10539482 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin complex1 (mTORC1) is a central regulator of metabolism and cell growth by sensing diverse environmental signals, including amino acids. The GATOR2 complex is a key component linking amino acid signals to mTORC1. Here, we identify protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) as a critical regulator of GATOR2. In response to amino acids, cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) phosphorylates PRMT1 at S307 to promote PRMT1 translocation from nucleus to cytoplasm and lysosome, which in turn methylates WDR24, an essential component of GATOR2, to activate the mTORC1 pathway. Disruption of the CDK5-PRMT1-WDR24 axis suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell proliferation and xenograft tumor growth. High PRMT1 protein expression is associated with elevated mTORC1 signaling in patients with HCC. Thus, our study dissects a phosphorylation- and arginine methylation-dependent regulatory mechanism of mTORC1 activation and tumor growth and provides a molecular basis to target this pathway for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Yin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Liu Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Lauren E Ball
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Yalong Wang
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 78957, USA
| | - Mark T Bedford
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 78957, USA
| | - Stephen A Duncan
- Department of Regenerative Medicine & Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Haizhen Wang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Wenjian Gan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
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20
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Yu L, Ji T, Liao W, Xu Y, Fang Y, Zhu Q, Nie J, Yang D. H4-methylation regulators mediated epitranscriptome patterns and tumor microenvironment infiltration characterization in hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Epigenetics 2023; 15:43. [PMID: 36932439 PMCID: PMC10024435 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-023-01460-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications are involved in the remodeling of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the regulation of immune response. Nonetheless, the role of histone H4 methylation (H4M) modification in the TME and immune regulation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unknown. As a result, the purpose of this research is to discover H4M-mediated modification patterns and their effects on TME and immunologic characteristics in HCC. A total of 2305 samples were enrolled from 13 different cohorts. With the help of consensus clustering analysis, three distinct H4M modification patterns were identified. The cell-infiltrating characteristics of TME under these three patterns were highly consistent with their enriched biological processes and clinical outcome. The H4Mscore was then created using principal component analysis algorithm to quantify the H4M modification pattern of each individual tumor and was systematically correlated with representative tumor characteristics. We found that analyzing H4M modification patterns within individual tumors could predict TME infiltration, homologous recombination deficiency (HRD), intratumor heterogeneity, proliferation activity, mRNA stemness index, and prognosis. The group with a low H4Mscore had an inflamed TME phenotype and a better immunotherapy response, as well as a better survival outcome. The prognostic value of H4Mscore was validated in three internal cohorts and five external cohorts, respectively. In external immunotherapy cohorts, the low H4Mscore was also linked to an enhanced response to anti-PD-1/L1 and anti-CTLA4 immunotherapy and a better prognosis. This study revealed that H4M modification played an important role in forming TME diversity and complexity. Evaluating the H4M modification pattern of individual tumors could help us learn more about TME and develop more effective immunotherapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyuan Yu
- grid.416466.70000 0004 1757 959XUnit of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 Guangdong Province China
| | - Tao Ji
- grid.416466.70000 0004 1757 959XUnit of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 Guangdong Province China
| | - Wei Liao
- grid.416466.70000 0004 1757 959XUnit of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 Guangdong Province China
| | - Yuyan Xu
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471General Surgery Center, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province China
| | - Yinghao Fang
- grid.416466.70000 0004 1757 959XUnit of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 Guangdong Province China
| | - Qing Zhu
- grid.416466.70000 0004 1757 959XUnit of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 Guangdong Province China
| | - Jianmin Nie
- grid.416466.70000 0004 1757 959XUnit of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 Guangdong Province China
| | - Dinghua Yang
- grid.416466.70000 0004 1757 959XUnit of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 Guangdong Province China
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21
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de la Iglesia A, Jodar M, Oliva R, Castillo J. Insights into the sperm chromatin and implications for male infertility from a protein perspective. WIREs Mech Dis 2023; 15:e1588. [PMID: 36181449 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Male germ cells undergo an extreme but fascinating process of chromatin remodeling that begins in the testis during the last phase of spermatogenesis and continues through epididymal sperm maturation. Most of the histones are replaced by small proteins named protamines, whose high basicity leads to a tight genomic compaction. This process is epigenetically regulated at many levels, not only by posttranslational modifications, but also by readers, writers, and erasers, in a context of a highly coordinated postmeiotic gene expression program. Protamines are key proteins for acquiring this highly specialized chromatin conformation, needed for sperm functionality. Interestingly, and contrary to what could be inferred from its very specific DNA-packaging function across protamine-containing species, human sperm chromatin contains a wide spectrum of protamine proteoforms, including truncated and posttranslationally modified proteoforms. The generation of protamine knock-out models revealed not only chromatin compaction defects, but also collateral sperm alterations contributing to infertile phenotypes, evidencing the importance of sperm chromatin protamination toward the generation of a new individual. The unique features of sperm chromatin have motivated its study, applying from conventional to the most ground-breaking techniques to disentangle its peculiarities and the cellular mechanisms governing its successful conferment, especially relevant from the protein point of view due to the important epigenetic role of sperm nuclear proteins. Gathering and contextualizing the most striking discoveries will provide a global understanding of the importance and complexity of achieving a proper chromatin compaction and exploring its implications on postfertilization events and beyond. This article is categorized under: Reproductive System Diseases > Genetics/Genomics/Epigenetics Reproductive System Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto de la Iglesia
- Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Research Group, Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Meritxell Jodar
- Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Research Group, Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain.,Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Oliva
- Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Research Group, Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain.,Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judit Castillo
- Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Research Group, Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
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22
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Liang S, Wang Q, Wen Y, Wang Y, Li M, Wang Q, Peng J, Guo L. Ligand-independent EphA2 contributes to chemoresistance in small-cell lung cancer by enhancing PRMT1-mediated SOX2 methylation. Cancer Sci 2023; 114:921-936. [PMID: 36377249 PMCID: PMC9986087 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance is the crux of clinical treatment failure of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Cancer stem cells play a critical role in therapeutic resistance of malignant tumors. Studies have shown that the role of erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular A2 (EphA2) in tumors is complex. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that ligand-independent activation of EphA2 modulates chemoresistance by enhancing stemness in SCLC. We verified that EphA2 was activated in chemoresistance sublines in a ligand-independent manner rather than a ligand-dependent manner. Ligand-independent EphA2 enhanced the expression of stemness-associated biomarkers (CD44, Myc, and SOX2), accelerated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and reinforced self-renewal to drive the chemoresistance of SCLC, while the P817H mutant EphA2 neutralized intrinsic function. Co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) and GST-pull down experiments were conducted to verify that EphA2 directly interacted with PRMT1. Moreover, EphA2 increased the expression and activity of PRMT1. Whereafter, PRMT1 interacted with and methylated SOX2 to induce stemness and chemoresistance in SCLC. Pharmacological inhibition of EphA2 showed a synergistic anti-tumor effect with chemotherapy in preclinical models, including patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. These findings highlight, for the first time, that the EphA2/PRMT1/SOX2 pathway induces chemoresistance in SCLC by promoting stemness. EphA2 is a potential therapeutic target in SCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumei Liang
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuping Wang
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Wen
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Man Li
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiongyao Wang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Peng
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Linlang Guo
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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23
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Brown JI, Alibhai J, Zhu E, Frankel A. Methylarginine efflux in nutrient-deprived yeast mitigates disruption of nitric oxide synthesis. Amino Acids 2023; 55:215-233. [PMID: 36454288 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-022-03220-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Protein arginine N-methyltransferases (PRMTs) have emerged as important actors in the eukaryotic stress response with implications in human disease, aging, and cell signaling. Intracellular free methylarginines contribute to cellular stress through their interaction with nitric oxide synthase (NOS). The arginine-dependent production of nitric oxide (NO), which is strongly inhibited by methylarginines, serves as a protective small molecule against oxidative stress in eukaryotic cells. NO signaling is highly conserved between higher and lower eukaryotes, although a canonical NOS homologue has yet to be identified in yeast. Since stress signaling pathways are well conserved among eukaryotes, yeast is an ideal model organism to study the implications of PRMTs and methylarginines during stress. We sought to explore the roles and fates of methylarginines in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We starved methyltransferase-, autophagy-, and permease-related yeast knockouts by incubating them in water and monitored methylarginine production. We found that under starvation, methylarginines are expelled from yeast cells. We found that autophagy-deficient cells have an impaired ability to efflux methylarginines, which suggests that methylarginine-containing proteins are degraded via autophagy. For the first time, we determine that yeast take up methylarginines less readily than arginine, and we show that methylarginines impact yeast NO production. This study reveals that yeast circumvent a potential methylarginine toxicity by expelling them after autophagic degradation of arginine-modified proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer I Brown
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Jenah Alibhai
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Erica Zhu
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Adam Frankel
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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24
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Hao J, Liu Y. Epigenetics of methylation modifications in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1119765. [PMID: 37008904 PMCID: PMC10050754 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1119765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is one of the most common metabolic diseases with complications including diabetic cardiomyopathy and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Recently, a growing body of research has revealed that the complex interplay between epigenetic changes and the environmental factors may significantly contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular complications secondary to diabetes. Methylation modifications, including DNA methylation and histone methylation among others, are important in developing diabetic cardiomyopathy. Here we summarized the literatures of studies focusing on the role of DNA methylation, and histone modifications in microvascular complications of diabetes and discussed the mechanism underlying these disorders, to provide the guidance for future research toward an integrated pathophysiology and novel therapeutic strategies to treat or prevent this frequent pathological condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hao
- Department of Emergency, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Yao Liu,
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25
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Whiwon L, Salma S, Daniel A, Stephanie L, Marc C, Cherith S, Abby T, Angela S, Robin H, Yvonne B. Patient-facing digital tools for delivering genetic services: a systematic review. J Med Genet 2023; 60:1-10. [PMID: 36137613 DOI: 10.1136/jmg-2022-109085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This study systematically reviewed the literature on the impact of digital genetics tools on patient care and system efficiencies. MEDLINE and Embase were searched for articles published between January 2010 and March 2021. Studies evaluating the use of patient-facing digital tools in the context of genetic service delivery were included. Two reviewers screened and extracted patient-reported and system-focused outcomes from each study. Data were synthesised using a descriptive approach. Of 3226 unique studies identified, 87 were included. A total of 70 unique digital tools were identified. As a result of using digital tools, 84% of studies reported a positive outcome in at least one of the following patient outcomes: knowledge, psychosocial well-being, behavioural/management changes, family communication, decision-making or level of engagement. Digital tools improved workflow and efficiency for providers and reduced the amount of time they needed to spend with patients. However, we identified a misalignment between study purpose and patient-reported outcomes measured and a lack of tools that encompass the entire genetic counselling and testing trajectory. Given increased demand for genetic services and the shift towards virtual care, this review provides evidence that digital tools can be used to efficiently deliver patient-centred care. Future research should prioritise development, evaluation and implementation of digital tools that can support the entire patient trajectory across a range of clinical settings. PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020202862.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Whiwon
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shickh Salma
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Assamad Daniel
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Luca Stephanie
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Clausen Marc
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Somerville Cherith
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tafler Abby
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shaw Angela
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Genomics Health Services Research Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hayeems Robin
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Genomics Health Services Research Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bombard Yvonne
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Genomics Health Services Research Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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26
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Sawada T, Kanemoto Y, Kurokawa T, Kato S. The epigenetic function of androgen receptor in prostate cancer progression. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1083486. [PMID: 37025180 PMCID: PMC10070878 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1083486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Androgen and androgen deprivation (castration) therapies, including androgen receptor antagonists, are clinically used to treat patients with prostate cancer. However, most hormone-dependent prostate cancer patients progress into a malignant state with loss of hormone-dependency, known as castration (drug)-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), after prolong androgen-based treatments. Even in the CRPC state with irreversible malignancy, androgen receptor (AR) expression is detectable. An epigenetic transition to CRPC induced by the action of AR-mediated androgen could be speculated in the patients with prostate cancer. Androgen receptors belongs to the nuclear receptor superfamily with 48 members in humans, and acts as a ligand-dependent transcriptional factor, leading to local chromatin reorganization for ligand-dependent gene regulation. In this review, we discussed the transcriptional/epigenetic regulatory functions of AR, with emphasis on the clinical applications of AR ligands, AR protein co-regulators, and AR RNA coregulator (enhancer RNA), especially in chromatin reorganization, in patients with prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Sawada
- Graduate School of Life Science and Engineering, Iryo Sosei University, Fukushima, Japan
- Research Institute of Innovative Medicine, Tokiwa Foundation, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kanemoto
- Graduate School of Life Science and Engineering, Iryo Sosei University, Fukushima, Japan
- Research Institute of Innovative Medicine, Tokiwa Foundation, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kurokawa
- Graduate School of Life Science and Engineering, Iryo Sosei University, Fukushima, Japan
- Research Institute of Innovative Medicine, Tokiwa Foundation, Fukushima, Japan
- School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Kato
- Graduate School of Life Science and Engineering, Iryo Sosei University, Fukushima, Japan
- Research Institute of Innovative Medicine, Tokiwa Foundation, Fukushima, Japan
- School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
- *Correspondence: Shigeaki Kato,
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27
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Liu L, Lin B, Yin S, Ball LE, Delaney JR, Long DT, Gan W. Arginine methylation of BRD4 by PRMT2/4 governs transcription and DNA repair. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eadd8928. [PMID: 36475791 PMCID: PMC9728970 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add8928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BRD4 functions as an epigenetic reader and plays a crucial role in regulating transcription and genome stability. Dysregulation of BRD4 is frequently observed in various human cancers. However, the molecular details of BRD4 regulation remain largely unknown. Here, we report that PRMT2- and PRMT4-mediated arginine methylation is pivotal for BRD4 functions on transcription, DNA repair, and tumor growth. Specifically, PRMT2/4 interacts with and methylates BRD4 at R179, R181, and R183. This arginine methylation selectively controls a transcriptional program by promoting BRD4 recruitment to acetylated histones/chromatin. Moreover, BRD4 arginine methylation is induced by DNA damage and thereby promotes its binding to chromatin for DNA repair. Deficiency in BRD4 arginine methylation significantly suppresses tumor growth and sensitizes cells to BET inhibitors and DNA damaging agents. Therefore, our findings reveal an arginine methylation-dependent regulatory mechanism of BRD4 and highlight targeting PRMT2/4 for better antitumor effect of BET inhibitors and DNA damaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Baicheng Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Shasha Yin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Lauren E. Ball
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Joe R. Delaney
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - David T. Long
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Wenjian Gan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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28
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Hashimoto M, Takeichi K, Murata K, Kozakai A, Yagi A, Ishikawa K, Suzuki-Nakagawa C, Kasuya Y, Fukamizu A, Nakagawa T. Regulation of neural stem cell proliferation and survival by protein arginine methyltransferase 1. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:948517. [DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.948517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1), a major type I arginine methyltransferase in mammals, methylates histone and non-histone proteins to regulate various cellular functions, such as transcription, DNA damage response, and signal transduction. PRMT1 is highly expressed in neural stem cells (NSCs) and embryonic brains, suggesting that PRMT1 is essential for early brain development. Although our previous reports have shown that PRMT1 positively regulates oligodendrocyte development, it has not been studied whether PRMT1 regulates NSC proliferation and its survival during development. To examine the role of PRMT1 in NSC activity, we cultured NSCs prepared from embryonic mouse forebrains deficient in PRMT1 specific for NSCs and performed neurosphere assays. We found that the primary neurospheres of PRMT1-deficient NSCs were small and the number of spheres was decreased, compared to those of control NSCs. Primary neurospheres deficient in PRMT1 expressed an increased level of cleaved caspase-3, suggesting that PRMT1 deficiency-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, p53 protein was significantly accumulated in PRMT1-deficient NSCs. In parallel, p53-responsive pro-apoptotic genes including Pmaip1 and Perp were upregulated in PRMT1-deficient NSCs. p53-target p21 mRNA and its protein levels were shown to be upregulated in PRMT1-deficient NSCs. Moreover, the 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assay showed that the loss of PRMT1 led to cell cycle defects in the embryonic NSCs. In contrast to the above in vitro observations, NSCs normally proliferated and survived in the fetal brains of NSC-specific PRMT1-deficient mice. We also found that Lama1, which encodes the laminin subunit α1, was significantly upregulated in the embryonic brains of PRMT1-deficient mice. These data implicate that extracellular factors provided by neighboring cells in the microenvironment gave a trophic support to NSCs in the PRMT1-deficient brain and recovered NSC activity to maintain brain homeostasis. Our study implies that PRMT1 plays a cell-autonomous role in the survival and proliferation of embryonic NSCs.
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29
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Lee J, Villarreal OD, Wang YC, Ragoussis J, Rivest S, Gosselin D, Richard S. PRMT1 is required for the generation of MHC-associated microglia and remyelination in the central nervous system. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:5/10/e202201467. [PMID: 35705491 PMCID: PMC9201232 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PRMT1 regulates MHC-associated microglia cluster during de/remyelination. Remyelination failure in multiple sclerosis leads to progressive demyelination and inflammation, resulting in neurodegeneration and clinical decline. Microglia are innate immune cells that can acquire a regenerative phenotype to promote remyelination, yet little is known about the regulators controlling the regenerative microglia activation. Herein, using a cuprizone (CPZ)-diet induced de- and remyelination mice model, we identify PRMT1 as a driver for MHC-associated microglia population required for remyelination in the central nervous system. The loss of PRMT1, but not PRMT5, in microglia resulted in impairment of the remyelination with a reduction of oligoprogenitor cell number and prolonged microgliosis and astrogliosis. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we found eight distinct microglial clusters during the CPZ diet, and PRMT1 depleted microglia hindered the formation of the MHC-associated cluster, expressing MHCII and CD11c. Mechanistically, PRMT1-KO microglia displayed reduced the H3K27ac peaks at the promoter regions of the MHC- and IFN-associated genes and further suppressed gene expression during CPZ diet. Overall, our findings demonstrate that PRMT1 is a critical regulator of the MHC- and IFN-associated microglia, necessary for central nervous system remyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeesan Lee
- Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research and Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology and Departments of Biochemistry, Human Genetics, and Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Oscar David Villarreal
- Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research and Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology and Departments of Biochemistry, Human Genetics, and Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Yu Chang Wang
- McGill Genome Centre, Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jiannis Ragoussis
- McGill Genome Centre, Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Serge Rivest
- Neuroscience Laboratory, CHU de Quebec Research Center and Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - David Gosselin
- Neuroscience Laboratory, CHU de Quebec Research Center and Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Stéphane Richard
- Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research and Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology and Departments of Biochemistry, Human Genetics, and Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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30
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Wang Q, Yu P, Liu C, He X, Wang G. Mitochondrial fragmentation in liver cancer: Emerging player and promising therapeutic opportunities. Cancer Lett 2022; 549:215912. [PMID: 36103914 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Enhanced mitochondrial fragmentation (MF) is associated with poor prognosis in HCC patients. However, its molecular mechanism in HCC remains elusive. Although enhanced MF activates effector T cells and dendritic cells, it induces immunoescape by decreasing the number and cytotoxicity of natural killer cells in the HCC immune microenvironment. Therefore, the influence of MF on the activity of different immune cells is a great challenge. Enhanced MF contributes to maintaining stemness by promoting the asymmetric division of liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs), suggesting that MF may become a potential target for HCC recurrence, metastasis, and chemotherapy resistance. Moreover, mechanistic studies suggest that MF may promote tumour progression through autophagy, oxidative stress, and metabolic reprogramming. Human-induced hepatocyte organoids are a recently developed system that can be genetically manipulated to mimic cancer initiation and identify potential preventive treatments. We can use it to screen MF-related candidate inhibitors of HCC progression and further explore the role of MF in hepatocarcinogenesis. We herein describe the mechanisms by which MF contributes to HCC development, discuss potential therapeutic approaches, and highlight the possibility that MF modulation has a synergistic effect with immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Pengfei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Chaoxu Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Xianli He
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The 74th Group Army Hospital, Guangzhou, 510318, China.
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Chen Z, Lu M, Zhang Y, Wang H, Zhou J, Zhou M, Zhang T, Song J. Oxidative stress state inhibits exosome secretion of hPDLCs through a specific mechanism mediated by PRMT1. J Periodontal Res 2022; 57:1101-1115. [PMID: 36063421 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Periodontitis, the most common chronic inflammation characterized by persistent alveolar bone resorption in the periodontitis, affects almost half of the adult population worldwide. Oxidative stress is one of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying periodontitis, which affects the occurrence and development of periodontitis. Exosomes are increasingly recognized as vehicles of intercellular communication and are closely related to periodontitis. However, the effects of oxidative stress on exosome secretion and the specific mechanisms remain elusive in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs). The relationship between exosome secretion and the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLCs also needs to be investigated. METHODS Isolated PDLSCs were identified using flow cytometry. Osteogenesis was measured using alizarin red staining and ALP staining. Expression of exosomal markers and PRMT1 was analyzed using western blot. Immunofluorescence was used to measure exosome uptake and the expression of EEA1. RESULTS The secretion capacity of exosomes was markedly suppressed under oxidative stress. Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) has been strongly associated with both oxidative stress and inflammation, and PRMT1 was significantly upregulated under oxidative stress conditions. Lentivirus-mediated overexpression of PRMT1 caused a significant reduction in the secretion of exosomes, but multivesicular bodies (MVBs) containing a large number of intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) were increased. Rab11a and Rab27a expression, which mediate MVBs fusion with cell membranes, decreased, although this phenomenon was restored after knocking down PRMT1 expression under oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS These results indicated that PRMT1 mediated a decrease in exosome secretion of hPDLCs. The decrease in Rab11a and Rab27a leads to a large accumulation of MVBs in cells and is one of the main reasons for impaired exosome secretion. The decrease in osteogenic differentiation of hPDLCs caused by H2 O2 may originate in part from the inhibition of exosome secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Chen
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Miao Lu
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - He Wang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengjiao Zhou
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingwei Zhang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinlin Song
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
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Zhang H, Liu Y, Xie Y, Zhu Y, Liu J, Lu F. H3K27me3 shapes DNA methylome by inhibiting UHRF1-mediated H3 ubiquitination. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2022; 65:1685-1700. [PMID: 35831553 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2155-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
DNA methylation and histone lysine tri-methylation at H3K27 (H3K27me3) are two chromatin modifications for transcriptional gene silencing, which play important roles in diverse biological processes, including cell fate determination and cell lineage commitment. These two marks are largely mutually exclusive and target distinct sets of genes in the mammalian genome. However, how H3K27me3 shapes the DNA methylome remains elusive. Here, we report that the loss of H3K27me3 modification leads to increased DNA methylation at previously marked H3K27me3 sites, indicating that H3K27me3 negatively regulates DNA methylation. Genome-wide analysis of H3 ubiquitination, essential for recruitment and activation of DNA methyltransferase DNMT1, reveals the absence of H3 ubiquitination at H3K27me3 marked nucleosomes. Moreover, loss of H3K27me3 modification induces an increase in H3K18 ubiquitination at the corresponding hyper-methylated loci. Importantly, we show that H3K27me3 directly inhibits UHRF1-mediated H3 ubiquitination toward nucleosomes in a defined biochemical assay. Taken together, our findings reveal a general mechanism for H3K27me3-mediated shaping of the mammalian DNA methylome via modulation of H3 ubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yali Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yunji Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jingwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Falong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Zhu Q, Wang D, Liang F, Tong X, Liang Z, Wang X, Chen Y, Mo D. Protein arginine methyltransferase PRMT1 promotes adipogenesis by modulating transcription factors C/EBPβ and PPARγ. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102309. [PMID: 35921899 PMCID: PMC9425039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) methylates a variety of histone and nonhistone protein substrates to regulate multiple cellular functions such as transcription, DNA damage response, and signal transduction. It has been reported as an emerging regulator of various metabolic pathways including glucose metabolism in the liver, atrophy in the skeletal muscle, and lipid catabolism in the adipose tissue. However, the underlying mechanisms governing how PRMT1 regulates adipogenesis remain elusive. Here, we delineate the roles of PRMT1 in mitotic clonal expansion and adipocyte differentiation. Gain and loss of functions demonstrate that PRMT1 is essential for adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 and C3H10T1/2 cells. Mechanistically, we show PRMT1 promotes the expression of transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) by catalyzing histone modification H4R3me2a and impedes the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by increasing the level of Axin to accelerate adipogenic differentiation. In addition, we demonstrate mitotic clonal expansion is suppressed by PRMT1 deficiency. PRMT1 interacts with transcription factor CCATT enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ), and the absence of PRMT1 leads to the depressed phosphorylation of C/EBPβ. Interestingly, we discover PRMT1 acts as a positive regulator of C/EBPβ protein stability through decreasing the level of E3 ubiquitin ligase Smurf2, which promotes the ubiquitination and degradation of C/EBPβ, thus facilitating adipogenesis. Collectively, these discoveries highlight a critical role of PRMT1 in adipogenesis and provide potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of obesity.
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Identification of Novel Circular RNAs of the Human Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) Gene, Expressed in Breast Cancer Cells. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13071133. [PMID: 35885916 PMCID: PMC9316507 DOI: 10.3390/genes13071133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) constitute a type of RNA formed through back-splicing. In breast cancer, circRNAs are implicated in tumor onset and progression. Although histone methylation by PRMT1 is largely involved in breast cancer development and metastasis, the effect of circular transcripts deriving from this gene has not been examined. In this study, total RNA was extracted from four breast cancer cell lines and reversely transcribed using random hexamer primers. Next, first- and second-round PCRs were performed using gene-specific divergent primers. Sanger sequencing followed for the determination of the sequence of each novel PRMT1 circRNA. Lastly, bioinformatics analysis was conducted to predict the functions of the novel circRNAs. In total, nine novel circRNAs were identified, comprising both complete and truncated exons of the PRMT1 gene. Interestingly, we demonstrated that the back-splice junctions consist of novel splice sites of the PRMT1 exons. Moreover, the circRNA expression pattern differed among these four breast cancer cell lines. All the novel circRNAs are predicted to act as miRNA and/or protein sponges, while five circRNAs also possess an open reading frame. In summary, we described the complete sequence of nine novel circRNAs of the PRMT1 gene, comprising distinct back-splice junctions and probably having different molecular properties.
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35
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Wu Z, Fan H, Jin J, Gao S, Huang R, Wu S, Bao W. Insight into mechanisms of pig lncRNA FUT3-AS1 regulating E. coli F18-bacterial diarrhea. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010584. [PMID: 35696408 PMCID: PMC9191744 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli F18 is a common conditional pathogen that is associated with a variety of infections in humans and animals. LncRNAs have emerged as critical players in pathogen infection, but their role in the resistance of the host to bacterial diarrhea remains unknown. Here, we used piglets as animal model and identified an antisense lncRNA termed FUT3-AS1 as a host regulator related to E. coli F18 infection by RNA sequencing. Downregulation of FUT3-AS1 expression contributed to the enhancement of E. coli F18 resistance in IPEC-J2 cells. FUT3-AS1 knockdown reduced FUT3 expression via decreasing the H4K16ac level of FUT3 promoter. Besides, the FUT3-AS1/miR-212 axis could act as a competing endogenous RNA to regulate FUT3 expression. Functional analysis demonstrated that target FUT3 plays a vital role in the resistance of IPEC-J2 cells to E. coli F18 invasion. A Fut3-knockout mice model was established and Fut3-knockout mice obviously improved the ability of resistance to bacterial diarrhea. Interestingly, FUT3 could enhance E. coli F18 susceptibility by activating glycosphingolipid biosynthesis and toll-like receptor signaling which are related to receptor formation and immune response, respectively. In summary, we have identified a novel biomarker FUT3-AS1 that modulates E. coli F18 susceptibility via histone H4 modifications or miR-212/FUT3 axis, which will provide theoretical guidance to develop novel strategies for combating bacterial diarrhea in piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengchang Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Hairui Fan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Jian Jin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Song Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Ruihua Huang
- Institute of Swine Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Shenglong Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Wenbin Bao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
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36
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Sun Y, Teng Y, Wang L, Zhang Z, Chen C, Wang Y, Zhang X, Xiang P, Song X, Lu J, Li N, Gao L, Liang X, Xia Y, Wu Z, Ma C. LINC01431 Promotes Histone H4R3 Methylation to Impede HBV Covalently Closed Circular DNA Transcription by Stabilizing PRMT1. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103135. [PMID: 35398991 PMCID: PMC9165498 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) is the transcriptional template of hepatitis B virus (HBV), which interacts with both host and viral proteins to form minichromosome in the nucleus and is resistant to antiviral agents. Identification of host factors involved in cccDNA transcriptional regulation is expected to prove a new venue for HBV therapy. Recent evidence suggests the involvement of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in mediating the interaction of host factors with various viruses, however, lncRNAs that HBV targets and represses cccDNA transcription have not been fully elucidated. Here, the authors identified LINC01431 as a novel host restriction factor for HBV transcription. Mechanically, LINC01431 competitively bound with type I protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT1) to block the HBx-mediated PRMT1 ubiquitination and degradation. Consequently, LINC01431 increased the occupancy of PRMT1 on cccDNA, leading to enhanced H4R3me2a modification and reduced acetylation of cccDNA-bound histones, thereby repressing cccDNA transcription. In turn, to facilitate viral replication, HBV transcriptionally repressed LINC01431 expression by HBx-mediated repression of transcription factor Zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2 (ZHX2). Collectively, the study demonstrates LINC01431 as a novel epigenetic regulator of cccDNA minichromosome and highlights a feedback loop of HBx-LINC01431-PRMT1 in HBV replication, which provides potential therapeutic targets for HBV treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Sun
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of ImmunologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCheeloo Medical CollegeShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
| | - Yan Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and ImmunologyInstitute of Medical VirologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanHubei430072China
| | - Liyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of ImmunologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCheeloo Medical CollegeShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
| | - Zhaoying Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of ImmunologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCheeloo Medical CollegeShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
| | - ChaoJia Chen
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of ImmunologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCheeloo Medical CollegeShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
| | - Yingchun Wang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of ImmunologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCheeloo Medical CollegeShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of ImmunologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCheeloo Medical CollegeShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
| | - Peng Xiang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of ImmunologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCheeloo Medical CollegeShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
| | - Xiaojia Song
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of ImmunologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCheeloo Medical CollegeShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
| | - Jinghui Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryQilu Hospital of Shandong University, JinanShandong250012China
| | - Nailin Li
- Karolinska InstituteDepartment of Medicine‐SolnaClinical Pharmacology GroupStockholm17176Sweden
| | - Lifen Gao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of ImmunologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCheeloo Medical CollegeShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
| | - Xiaohong Liang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of ImmunologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCheeloo Medical CollegeShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
| | - Yuchen Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and ImmunologyInstitute of Medical VirologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanHubei430072China
| | - Zhuanchang Wu
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of ImmunologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCheeloo Medical CollegeShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
| | - Chunhong Ma
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of ImmunologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCheeloo Medical CollegeShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
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Srour N, Khan S, Richard S. The Influence of Arginine Methylation in Immunity and Inflammation. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:2939-2958. [PMID: 35602664 PMCID: PMC9114649 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s364190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploration in the field of epigenetics has revealed that protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) contribute to disease, and this has given way to the development of specific small molecule compounds that inhibit arginine methylation. Protein arginine methylation is known to regulate fundamental cellular processes, such as transcription; pre-mRNA splicing and other RNA processing mechanisms; signal transduction, including the anti-viral response; and cellular metabolism. PRMTs are also implicated in the regulation of physiological processes, including embryonic development, myogenesis, and the immune system. Finally, the dysregulation of PRMTs is apparent in cancer, neurodegeneration, muscular disorders, and during inflammation. Herein, we review the functions of PRMTs in immunity and inflammation. We also discuss recent progress with PRMTs regarding the modulation of gene expression related to T and B lymphocyte differentiation, germinal center dynamics, and anti-viral signaling responses, as well as the clinical relevance of using PRMT inhibitors alone or in combination with other drugs to treat cancer, immune, and inflammatory-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nivine Srour
- Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1E2, Canada
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, and Departments of Biochemistry, Human Genetics, and Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Sarah Khan
- Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1E2, Canada
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, and Departments of Biochemistry, Human Genetics, and Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Stephane Richard
- Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1E2, Canada
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, and Departments of Biochemistry, Human Genetics, and Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1E2, Canada
- Correspondence: Stephane Richard, Email
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Dansu DK, Liang J, Selcen I, Zheng H, Moore DF, Casaccia P. PRMT5 Interacting Partners and Substrates in Oligodendrocyte Lineage Cells. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:820226. [PMID: 35370564 PMCID: PMC8968030 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.820226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The protein arginine methyl transferase PRMT5 is an enzyme expressed in oligodendrocyte lineage cells and responsible for the symmetric methylation of arginine residues on histone tails. Previous work from our laboratory identified PRMT5 as critical for myelination, due to its transcriptional regulation of genes involved in survival and early stages of differentiation. However, besides its nuclear localization, PRMT5 is found at high levels in the cytoplasm of several cell types, including oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) and yet, its interacting partners in this lineage, remain elusive. By using mass spectrometry on protein eluates from extracts generated from primary oligodendrocyte lineage cells and immunoprecipitated with PRMT5 antibodies, we identified 1196 proteins as PRMT5 interacting partners. These proteins were related to molecular functions such as RNA binding, ribosomal structure, cadherin and actin binding, nucleotide and protein binding, and GTP and GTPase activity. We then investigated PRMT5 substrates using iTRAQ-based proteomics on cytosolic and nuclear protein extracts from CRISPR-PRMT5 knockdown immortalized oligodendrocyte progenitors compared to CRISPR-EGFP controls. This analysis identified a similar number of peptides in the two subcellular fractions and a total number of 57 proteins with statistically decreased symmetric methylation of arginine residues in the CRISPR-PRMT5 knockdown compared to control. Several PRMT5 substrates were in common with cancer cell lines and related to RNA processing, splicing and transcription. In addition, we detected ten oligodendrocyte lineage specific substrates, corresponding to proteins with high expression levels in neural tissue. They included: PRC2C, a proline-rich protein involved in methyl-RNA binding, HNRPD an RNA binding protein involved in regulation of RNA stability, nuclear proteins involved in transcription and other proteins related to migration and actin cytoskeleton. Together, these results highlight a cell-specific role of PRMT5 in OPC in regulating several other cellular processes, besides RNA splicing and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- David K. Dansu
- Neuroscience Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, CUNY, New York, NY, United States,Graduate Program in Biochemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jialiang Liang
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ipek Selcen
- Neuroscience Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, CUNY, New York, NY, United States,Graduate Program in Biochemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, United States
| | - Haiyan Zheng
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Piscataway, NJ, United States,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robert-Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Dirk F. Moore
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Patrizia Casaccia
- Neuroscience Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, CUNY, New York, NY, United States,Graduate Program in Biochemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, United States,*Correspondence: Patrizia Casaccia,
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The Novel Protease Activities of JMJD5–JMJD6–JMJD7 and Arginine Methylation Activities of Arginine Methyltransferases Are Likely Coupled. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12030347. [PMID: 35327545 PMCID: PMC8945206 DOI: 10.3390/biom12030347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The surreptitious discoveries of the protease activities on arginine-methylated targets of a subfamily of Jumonji domain-containing family including JMJD5, JMJD6, and JMJD7 pose several questions regarding their authenticity, function, purpose, and relations with others. At the same time, despite several decades of efforts and massive accumulating data regarding the roles of the arginine methyltransferase family (PRMTs), the exact function of this protein family still remains a mystery, though it seems to play critical roles in transcription regulation, including activation and inactivation of a large group of genes, as well as other biological activities. In this review, we aim to elucidate that the function of JMJD5/6/7 and PRMTs are likely coupled. Besides roles in the regulation of the biogenesis of membrane-less organelles in cells, they are major players in regulating stimulating transcription factors to control the activities of RNA Polymerase II in higher eukaryotes, especially in the animal kingdom. Furthermore, we propose that arginine methylation by PRMTs could be a ubiquitous action marked for destruction after missions by a subfamily of the Jumonji protein family.
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40
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Tang S, Sethunath V, Metaferia NY, Nogueira MF, Gallant DS, Garner ER, Lairson LA, Penney CM, Li J, Gelbard MK, Alaiwi SA, Seo JH, Hwang JH, Strathdee CA, Baca SC, AbuHammad S, Zhang X, Doench JG, Hahn WC, Takeda DY, Freedman ML, Choi PS, Viswanathan SR. A genome-scale CRISPR screen reveals PRMT1 as a critical regulator of androgen receptor signaling in prostate cancer. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110417. [PMID: 35196489 PMCID: PMC9036938 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Androgen receptor (AR) signaling is the central driver of prostate cancer across disease states. While androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is effective in the initial treatment of prostate cancer, resistance to ADT or to next-generation androgen pathway inhibitors invariably arises, most commonly through the re-activation of the AR axis. Thus, orthogonal approaches to inhibit AR signaling in advanced prostate cancer are essential. Here, via genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 screening, we identify protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) as a critical mediator of AR expression and signaling. PRMT1 regulates the recruitment of AR to genomic target sites and the inhibition of PRMT1 impairs AR binding at lineage-specific enhancers, leading to decreased expression of key oncogenes, including AR itself. In addition, AR-driven prostate cancer cells are uniquely susceptible to combined AR and PRMT1 inhibition. Our findings implicate PRMT1 as a key regulator of AR output and provide a preclinical framework for co-targeting of AR and PRMT1 in advanced prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Tang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | - Nebiyou Y Metaferia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Marina F Nogueira
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Daniel S Gallant
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Emma R Garner
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Lauren A Lairson
- Division of Cancer Pathobiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Christopher M Penney
- Division of Cancer Pathobiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jiao Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Maya K Gelbard
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Sarah Abou Alaiwi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Ji-Heui Seo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Justin H Hwang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - Sylvan C Baca
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Shatha AbuHammad
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Xiaoyang Zhang
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - John G Doench
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - William C Hahn
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - David Y Takeda
- Laboratory of Genitourinary Cancer Pathogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Matthew L Freedman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Peter S Choi
- Division of Cancer Pathobiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Srinivas R Viswanathan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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41
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Zuo ZY, Yang GH, Wang HY, Liu SY, Zhang YJ, Cai Y, Chen F, Dai H, Xiao Y, Cheng MB, Huang Y, Zhang Y. Klf4 methylated by Prmt1 restrains the commitment of primitive endoderm. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:2005-2018. [PMID: 35137179 PMCID: PMC8887470 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The second cell fate decision in the early stage of mammalian embryonic development is pivotal; however, the underlying molecular mechanism is largely unexplored. Here, we report that Prmt1 acts as an important regulator in primitive endoderm (PrE) formation. First, Prmt1 depletion promotes PrE gene expression in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Single-cell RNA sequencing and flow cytometry assays demonstrated that Prmt1 depletion in mESCs contributes to an emerging cluster, where PrE genes are upregulated significantly. Furthermore, the efficiency of extraembryonic endoderm stem cell induction increased in Prmt1-depleted ESCs. Second, the pluripotency factor Klf4 methylated at Arg396 by Prmt1 is required for recruitment of the repressive mSin3a/HDAC complex to silence PrE genes. Most importantly, an embryonic chimeric assay showed that Prmt1 inhibition and mutated Klf4 at Arg 396 induce the integration of mouse ESCs into the PrE lineage. Therefore, we reveal a regulatory mechanism for cell fate decisions centered on Prmt1-mediated Klf4 methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Yu Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Guang-Hui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Hai-Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Shu-Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Yan-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Yun Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Fei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Hui Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Yi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Mo-Bin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Yue Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
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42
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Tinsley SL, Allen-Petersen BL. PP2A and cancer epigenetics: a therapeutic opportunity waiting to happen. NAR Cancer 2022; 4:zcac002. [PMID: 35118387 PMCID: PMC8807117 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcac002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The epigenetic state of chromatin is altered by regulators which influence gene expression in response to environmental stimuli. While several post-translational modifications contribute to chromatin accessibility and transcriptional programs, our understanding of the role that specific phosphorylation sites play is limited. In cancer, kinases and phosphatases are commonly deregulated resulting in increased oncogenic signaling and loss of epigenetic regulation. Aberrant epigenetic states are known to promote cellular plasticity and the development of therapeutic resistance in many cancer types, highlighting the importance of these mechanisms to cancer cell phenotypes. Protein Phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a heterotrimeric holoenzyme that targets a diverse array of cellular proteins. The composition of the PP2A complex influences its cellular targets and activity. For this reason, PP2A can be tumor suppressive or oncogenic depending on cellular context. Understanding the nuances of PP2A regulation and its effect on epigenetic alterations can lead to new therapeutic avenues that afford more specificity and contribute to the growth of personalized medicine in the oncology field. In this review, we summarize the known PP2A-regulated substrates and potential phosphorylation sites that contribute to cancer cell epigenetics and possible strategies to therapeutically leverage this phosphatase to suppress tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L Tinsley
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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43
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Sung BY, Lin YH, Kong Q, Shah PD, Glick Bieler J, Palmer S, Weinhold KJ, Chang HR, Huang H, Avery RK, Schneck J, Chiu YL. Wnt activation promotes memory T cell polyfunctionality via epigenetic regulator PRMT1. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:e140508. [PMID: 35040433 PMCID: PMC8759796 DOI: 10.1172/jci140508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
T cell polyfunctionality is a hallmark of protective immunity against pathogens and cancer, yet the molecular mechanism governing it remains mostly elusive. We found that canonical Wnt agonists inhibited human memory CD8+ T cell differentiation while simultaneously promoting the generation of highly polyfunctional cells. Downstream effects of Wnt activation persisted after removal of the drug, and T cells remained polyfunctional following subsequent cell division, indicating the effect is epigenetically regulated. Wnt activation induced a gene expression pattern that is enriched with stem cell-specific gene signatures and upregulation of protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1), a known epigenetic regulator. PRMT1+CD8+ T cells are associated with enhanced polyfunctionality, especially the ability to produce IL-2. In contrast, inhibition of PRMT1 ameliorated the effects of Wnt on polyfunctionality. Chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed that H4R3me2a, a permissive transcription marker mediated by PRMT1, increased at the IL-2 promoter loci following Wnt activation. In vivo, Wnt-treated T cells exhibited superior polyfunctionality and persistence. When applied to cytomegalovirus (CMV) donor-seropositive, recipient-seronegative patients (D+/R-) lung transplant patient samples, Wnt activation enhanced CMV-specific T cell polyfunctionality, which is important in controlling CMV diseases. These findings reveal a molecular mechanism governing T cell polyfunctionality and identify PRMT1 as a potential target for T cell immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Yi Sung
- Institute of Cell Engineering and
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, and
| | - Yi-Hsin Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, and
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Pali D. Shah
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Joan Glick Bieler
- Institute of Cell Engineering and
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Kent J. Weinhold
- Department of Surgery, and Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Hailiang Huang
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robin K. Avery
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jonathan Schneck
- Institute of Cell Engineering and
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Medicine and Oncology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. USA
| | - Yen-Ling Chiu
- Institute of Cell Engineering and
- Graduate Institute of Medicine and Graduate Program in Biomedical Informatics, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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44
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Malbeteau L, Pham HT, Eve L, Stallcup MR, Poulard C, Le Romancer M. How Protein Methylation Regulates Steroid Receptor Function. Endocr Rev 2022; 43:160-197. [PMID: 33955470 PMCID: PMC8755998 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnab014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Steroid receptors (SRs) are members of the nuclear hormonal receptor family, many of which are transcription factors regulated by ligand binding. SRs regulate various human physiological functions essential for maintenance of vital biological pathways, including development, reproduction, and metabolic homeostasis. In addition, aberrant expression of SRs or dysregulation of their signaling has been observed in a wide variety of pathologies. SR activity is tightly and finely controlled by post-translational modifications (PTMs) targeting the receptors and/or their coregulators. Whereas major attention has been focused on phosphorylation, growing evidence shows that methylation is also an important regulator of SRs. Interestingly, the protein methyltransferases depositing methyl marks are involved in many functions, from development to adult life. They have also been associated with pathologies such as inflammation, as well as cardiovascular and neuronal disorders, and cancer. This article provides an overview of SR methylation/demethylation events, along with their functional effects and biological consequences. An in-depth understanding of the landscape of these methylation events could provide new information on SR regulation in physiology, as well as promising perspectives for the development of new therapeutic strategies, illustrated by the specific inhibitors of protein methyltransferases that are currently available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Malbeteau
- Université de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France.,Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France.,CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
| | - Ha Thuy Pham
- Université de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France.,Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France.,CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
| | - Louisane Eve
- Université de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France.,Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France.,CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
| | - Michael R Stallcup
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Coralie Poulard
- Université de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France.,Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France.,CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
| | - Muriel Le Romancer
- Université de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France.,Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France.,CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
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45
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Epigenetic Coregulation of Androgen Receptor Signaling. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1390:277-293. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-11836-4_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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46
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Deng T, Xiao Y, Dai Y, Xie L, Li X. Roles of Key Epigenetic Regulators in the Gene Transcription and Progression of Prostate Cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:743376. [PMID: 34977151 PMCID: PMC8714908 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.743376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a top-incidence malignancy, and the second most common cause of death amongst American men and the fifth leading cause of cancer death in men around the world. Androgen receptor (AR), the key transcription factor, is critical for the progression of PCa by regulating a series of target genes by androgen stimulation. A number of co-regulators of AR, including co-activators or co-repressors, have been implicated in AR-mediated gene transcription and PCa progression. Epigenetic regulators, by modifying chromatin integrity and accessibility for transcription regulation without altering DNA sequences, influence the transcriptional activity of AR and further regulate the gene expression of AR target genes in determining cell fate, PCa progression and therapeutic response. In this review, we summarized the structural interaction of AR and epigenetic regulators including histone or DNA methylation, histone acetylation or non-coding RNA, and functional synergy in PCa progression. Importantly, epigenetic regulators have been validated as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets. A series of epigenetic target drugs have been developed, and have demonstrated the potential to treat PCa alone or in combination with antiandrogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanggang Deng
- Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yugang Xiao
- Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Clinical Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Dai
- Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Clinical Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Xie
- Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiong Li
- Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Clinical Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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47
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Xu J, Richard S. Cellular pathways influenced by protein arginine methylation: Implications for cancer. Mol Cell 2021; 81:4357-4368. [PMID: 34619091 PMCID: PMC8571027 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Arginine methylation is an influential post-translational modification occurring on histones, RNA binding proteins, and many other cellular proteins, affecting their function by altering their protein-protein and protein-nucleic acid interactions. Recently, a wealth of information has been gathered, implicating protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs), enzymes that deposit arginine methylation, in transcription, pre-mRNA splicing, DNA damage signaling, and immune signaling with major implications for cancer therapy, especially immunotherapy. This review summarizes this recent progress and the current state of PRMT inhibitors, some in clinical trials, as promising drug targets for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xu
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Stéphane Richard
- Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, and Departments of Medicine, Human Genetics, and Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada.
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48
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Price OM, Thakur A, Ortolano A, Towne A, Velez C, Acevedo O, Hevel JM. Naturally occurring cancer-associated mutations disrupt oligomerization and activity of protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1). J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101336. [PMID: 34688662 PMCID: PMC8592882 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methylation is a posttranslational modification catalyzed by the protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT) enzyme family. Dysregulated protein arginine methylation is linked to cancer and a variety of other human diseases. PRMT1 is the predominant PRMT isoform in mammalian cells and acts in pathways regulating transcription, DNA repair, apoptosis, and cell proliferation. PRMT1 dimer formation, which is required for methyltransferase activity, is mediated by interactions between a structure called the dimerization arm on one monomer and a surface of the Rossman Fold of the other monomer. Given the link between PRMT1 dysregulation and disease and the link between PRMT1 dimerization and activity, we searched the Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC) database to identify potential inactivating mutations occurring in the PRMT1 dimerization arm. We identified three mutations that correspond to W215L, Y220N, and M224V substitutions in human PRMT1V2 (isoform 1) (W197L, Y202N, M206V in rat PRMT1V1). Using a combination of site-directed mutagenesis, analytical ultracentrifugation, native PAGE, and activity assays, we found that these conservative substitutions surprisingly disrupt oligomer formation and substantially impair both S-adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet) binding and methyltransferase activity. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest that these substitutions introduce novel interactions within the dimerization arm that lock it in a conformation not conducive to dimer formation. These findings provide a clear, if putative, rationale for the contribution of these mutations to impaired arginine methylation in cells and corresponding health consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen M Price
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Abhishek Thakur
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
| | - Ariana Ortolano
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Arianna Towne
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Caroline Velez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
| | - Orlando Acevedo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA.
| | - Joan M Hevel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA.
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49
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Structure, Activity, and Function of PRMT1. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11111147. [PMID: 34833023 PMCID: PMC8619983 DOI: 10.3390/life11111147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
PRMT1, the major protein arginine methyltransferase in mammals, catalyzes monomethylation and asymmetric dimethylation of arginine side chains in proteins. Initially described as a regulator of chromatin dynamics through the methylation of histone H4 at arginine 3 (H4R3), numerous non-histone substrates have since been identified. The variety of these substrates underlines the essential role played by PRMT1 in a large number of biological processes such as transcriptional regulation, signal transduction or DNA repair. This review will provide an overview of the structural, biochemical and cellular features of PRMT1. After a description of the genomic organization and protein structure of PRMT1, special consideration was given to the regulation of PRMT1 enzymatic activity. Finally, we discuss the involvement of PRMT1 in embryonic development, DNA damage repair, as well as its participation in the initiation and progression of several types of cancers.
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50
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Inducible Prmt1 ablation in adult vascular smooth muscle leads to contractile dysfunction and aortic dissection. Exp Mol Med 2021; 53:1569-1579. [PMID: 34635781 PMCID: PMC8568946 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-021-00684-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) have remarkable plasticity in response to diverse environmental cues. Although these cells are versatile, chronic stress can trigger VSMC dysfunction, which ultimately leads to vascular diseases such as aortic aneurysm and atherosclerosis. Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (Prmt1) is a major enzyme catalyzing asymmetric arginine dimethylation of proteins that are sources of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. Although a potential role of Prmt1 in vascular pathogenesis has been proposed, its role in vascular function has yet to be clarified. Here, we investigated the role and underlying mechanism of Prmt1 in vascular smooth muscle contractility and function. The expression of PRMT1 and contractile-related genes was significantly decreased in the aortas of elderly humans and patients with aortic aneurysms. Mice with VSMC-specific Prmt1 ablation (smKO) exhibited partial lethality, low blood pressure and aortic dilation. The Prmt1-ablated aortas showed aortic dissection with elastic fiber degeneration and cell death. Ex vivo and in vitro analyses indicated that Prmt1 ablation significantly decreased the contractility of the aorta and traction forces of VSMCs. Prmt1 ablation downregulated the expression of contractile genes such as myocardin while upregulating the expression of synthetic genes, thus causing the contractile to synthetic phenotypic switch of VSMCs. In addition, mechanistic studies demonstrated that Prmt1 directly regulates myocardin gene activation by modulating epigenetic histone modifications in the myocardin promoter region. Thus, our study demonstrates that VSMC Prmt1 is essential for vascular homeostasis and that its ablation causes aortic dilation/dissection through impaired myocardin expression.
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