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Cabrera Ranaldi EDLRM, Bramlett HM, Umland O, Levine LI, Keane RW, de Rivero Vaccari JP, Dietrich WD, Kerr NA. Gasdermin-D Genetic Knockout Reduces Inflammasome-Induced Disruption of the Gut-Brain Axis After Traumatic Brain Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2025; 26:3512. [PMID: 40331993 PMCID: PMC12027180 DOI: 10.3390/ijms26083512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2025] [Revised: 03/28/2025] [Accepted: 04/02/2025] [Indexed: 05/08/2025] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) pathology is significantly mediated by an inflammatory response involving inflammasome activation, resulting in the release of interleukin (IL)-1β and pyroptotic cell death through gasdermin-D (GSDMD) cleavage. Inflammasome components are transported through extracellular vesicles (EVs) to mediate systemic inflammation in peripheral organs, including the gut. The purpose of this study was to determine the protective effect of GSDMD knockout (KO) on TBI-induced inflammasome activation, EV signaling, and gut function. GSDMD-KO and C57BL6 (WT) mice were subjected to the controlled cortical impact model of TBI. Cytokine expression was assessed with electrochemiluminescent immunoassay and immunoblotting of the cerebral cortex and gut. EVs were examined for pathology-associated markers using flow cytometry, and gut permeability was determined. GSDMD-KO attenuated IL-1β and IL-6 expression in the cerebral cortex and reduced IL-1β and IL-18 in the gut 3 days post-injury. GSDMD-KO mice had decreased neuronal- and gut-derived EVs compared to WT mice post-TBI. GSDMD-KO EVs also had decreased IL-1β and different surface marker expression post-TBI. GSDMD-KO mice had decreased gut permeability after TBI. These data demonstrate that GSDMD ablation improves post-TBI inflammation and gut pathology, suggesting that GSDMD may serve as a potential therapeutic target for the improvement of TBI-associated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika d. l. R. M. Cabrera Ranaldi
- Department of Neurological Surgery and The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (E.d.l.R.M.C.R.); (H.M.B.); (L.I.L.); (R.W.K.); (J.P.d.R.V.); (W.D.D.)
| | - Helen M. Bramlett
- Department of Neurological Surgery and The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (E.d.l.R.M.C.R.); (H.M.B.); (L.I.L.); (R.W.K.); (J.P.d.R.V.); (W.D.D.)
- Bruce W. Carter Department of Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Oliver Umland
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA;
| | - Leo I. Levine
- Department of Neurological Surgery and The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (E.d.l.R.M.C.R.); (H.M.B.); (L.I.L.); (R.W.K.); (J.P.d.R.V.); (W.D.D.)
| | - Robert W. Keane
- Department of Neurological Surgery and The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (E.d.l.R.M.C.R.); (H.M.B.); (L.I.L.); (R.W.K.); (J.P.d.R.V.); (W.D.D.)
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Juan Pablo de Rivero Vaccari
- Department of Neurological Surgery and The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (E.d.l.R.M.C.R.); (H.M.B.); (L.I.L.); (R.W.K.); (J.P.d.R.V.); (W.D.D.)
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - W. Dalton Dietrich
- Department of Neurological Surgery and The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (E.d.l.R.M.C.R.); (H.M.B.); (L.I.L.); (R.W.K.); (J.P.d.R.V.); (W.D.D.)
| | - Nadine A. Kerr
- Department of Neurological Surgery and The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (E.d.l.R.M.C.R.); (H.M.B.); (L.I.L.); (R.W.K.); (J.P.d.R.V.); (W.D.D.)
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Desideri F, Grazzi A, Lisi M, Setti A, Santini T, Colantoni A, Proietti G, Carvelli A, Tartaglia GG, Ballarino M, Bozzoni I. CyCoNP lncRNA establishes cis and trans RNA-RNA interactions to supervise neuron physiology. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:9936-9952. [PMID: 38989616 PMCID: PMC11381359 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The combination of morphogenetic and transcription factors together with the synergic aid of noncoding RNAs and their cognate RNA binding proteins contribute to shape motor neurons (MN) identity. Here, we extend the noncoding perspective of human MN, by detailing the molecular and biological activity of CyCoNP (as Cytoplasmic Coordinator of Neural Progenitors) a highly expressed and MN-enriched human lncRNA. Through in silico prediction, in vivo RNA purification and loss of function experiments followed by RNA-sequencing, we found that CyCoNP sustains a specific neuron differentiation program, required for the physiology of both neuroblastoma cells and hiPSC-derived MN, which mainly involves miR-4492 and NCAM1 mRNA. We propose a novel lncRNA-mediated 'dual mode' of action, in which CyCoNP acts in trans as a classical RNA sponge by sequestering miR-4492 from its pro-neuronal targets, including NCAM1 mRNA, and at the same time it plays an additional role in cis by interacting with NCAM1 mRNA and regulating the availability and localization of the miR-4492 in its proximity. These data highlight novel insights into the noncoding RNA-mediated control of human neuron physiology and point out the importance of lncRNA-mediated interactions for the spatial distribution of regulatory molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Desideri
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science of Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Grazzi
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science of Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 00161 Rome, Italy
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Lisi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Adriano Setti
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Tiziana Santini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Colantoni
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science of Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 00161 Rome, Italy
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Proietti
- Centre for Human Technologies (CHT), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16152 Genova, Italy
| | - Andrea Carvelli
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Gian Gaetano Tartaglia
- Centre for Human Technologies (CHT), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16152 Genova, Italy
| | - Monica Ballarino
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Irene Bozzoni
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science of Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 00161 Rome, Italy
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Feng Y, Sun L, Dang X, Liu D, Liao Z, Yao J, Zhang Y, Deng Z, Li J, Zhao M, Liu F. Aberrant glycosylation in schizophrenia: insights into pathophysiological mechanisms and therapeutic potentials. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1457811. [PMID: 39286629 PMCID: PMC11402814 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1457811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a severe neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by cognitive, affective, and social dysfunction, resulting in hallucinations, delusions, emotional blunting, and disordered thinking. In recent years, proteomics has been increasingly influential in SCZ research. Glycosylation, a key post-translational modification, can alter neuronal stability and normal signaling in the nervous system by affecting protein folding, stability, and cellular signaling. Recent research evidence suggests that abnormal glycosylation patterns exist in different brain regions in autopsy samples from SCZ patients, and that there are significant differences in various glycosylation modification types and glycosylation modifying enzymes. Therefore, this review explores the mechanisms of aberrant modifications of N-glycosylation, O-glycosylation, glycosyltransferases, and polysialic acid in the brains of SCZ patients, emphasizing their roles in neurotransmitter receptor function, synaptic plasticity, and neural adhesion. Additionally, the effects of antipsychotic drugs on glycosylation processes and the potential for glycosylation-targeted therapies are discussed. By integrating these findings, this review aims to provide a comprehensive perspective to further understand the role of aberrant glycosylation modifications in the pathophysiology of SCZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchen Feng
- The First Clinical Medical School, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine (Zhong Jing) School, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lu Sun
- The First Clinical Medical School, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xue Dang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine (Zhong Jing) School, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Diyan Liu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine (Zhong Jing) School, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ziyun Liao
- College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Tuina, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianping Yao
- Traditional Chinese Medicine (Zhong Jing) School, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yunke Zhang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ziqi Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinyao Li
- Traditional Chinese Medicine (Zhong Jing) School, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Min Zhao
- The First Clinical Medical School, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- Hospital of Encephalopathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Feixiang Liu
- The First Clinical Medical School, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- Hospital of Encephalopathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
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Nieman DC, Sakaguchi CA, Williams JC, Mulani FA, Shivprasad Suresh P, Omar AM, Zhang Q. Beet supplementation mitigates post-exercise inflammation. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1408804. [PMID: 38873567 PMCID: PMC11169660 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1408804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study investigated the efficacy of a mixed beet-based supplement (BEET) versus placebo (PL) in countering inflammation during recovery from 2.25 h of intensive cycling in 20 male and female cyclists. A multi-omics approach was used that included untargeted proteomics and a targeted oxylipin panel. Methods A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover design was used with two 2-week supplementation periods and a 2-week washout period. Supplementation periods were followed by a 2.25 h cycling bout at close to 70%VO2max. The BEET supplement provided 212 mg of nitrates per day, 200 mg caffeine from green tea extract, 44 mg vitamin C from Camu Camu berry, B-vitamins from quinoa sprouts (40% Daily Value for thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and vitamin B6), and 2.5 g of a mushroom blend containing Cordyceps sinensis and Inonotus obliquus. Six blood samples were collected before and after supplementation (overnight fasted state), immediately post-exercise, and at 1.5 h-, 3 h-, and 24 h-post-exercise. Results The 2.25 h cycling bout increased plasma levels of 41 of 67 oxylipins detected. BEET supplementation significantly increased plasma nitrate (NO3 -) and nitrite (NO2 -) (sum, NO3 - + NO2 -) concentrations (interaction effect, p < 0.001) and two anti-inflammatory oxylipins [18-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (18-HEPE) and 4-hydroxy-docosahexanoic acid (4-HDoHE)]. The untargeted proteomics analysis identified 616 proteins (458 across all times points), and 2-way ANOVA revealed a cluster of 45 proteins that were decreased and a cluster of 21 that were increased in the BEET versus PL trials. Functional enrichment supported significant BEET-related reductions in inflammation-related proteins including several proteins related to complement activation, the acute phase response, and immune cell adhesion, migration, and differentiation. Discussion Intake of a BEET-based supplement during a 2-week period was linked to higher plasma levels of NO3 - + NO2 -, elevated post-exercise levels of two anti-inflammatory oxylipins, and a significant decrease in a cluster of proteins involved in complement activation and inflammation. These data support that 2-weeks intake of nitrate from a mixed beet-based supplement moderated protein biomarkers of exercise-induced inflammation in athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C. Nieman
- Human Performance Laboratory, Appalachian State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Camila A. Sakaguchi
- Human Performance Laboratory, Appalachian State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - James C. Williams
- Human Performance Laboratory, Appalachian State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Fayaj A. Mulani
- UNCG Center for Translational Biomedical Research, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Patil Shivprasad Suresh
- UNCG Center for Translational Biomedical Research, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Ashraf M. Omar
- UNCG Center for Translational Biomedical Research, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Qibin Zhang
- UNCG Center for Translational Biomedical Research, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, United States
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Marchand G, Fliniaux I, Titran P, Takeda Uchimura Y, Bodart JF, Harduin Lepers A, Cailliau K, Marin M. Cadmium induces physiological and behavioral changes associated with 180 kDa NCAM lower expression and higher polysialic acid, in the African clawed Xenopus laevis tadpoles. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 273:116119. [PMID: 38382347 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metals are released into the environment in increasing amounts from different natural and anthropogenic sources. Among them, cadmium contaminates aquatic habitats and represents a threat to Amphibians. To assess the risks of exposure to cadmium in the aquatic environment, we studied the survival rate of early tadpoles of Xenopus laevis under exposure to CdCl2 for 6 days in the concentration range between 0.15 and 150 µM of Cd2+. Tadpoles survived and reached stage 45 before feeding at all concentrations tested except 150 µM Cd2+, which significantly induced death. With an exposure of 15 µM Cd2+, tadpoles' mean body length decreased, heart rate increased, fastest swimming speed decreased, and distance traveled was greater compared to unexposed controls. Additionally, a witness of neuronal normal development, the neural cell adhesion molecules (NCAM) expression, was decreased. Moreover, this cell-surface glycoprotein exhibited higher polysialylation, a post-translational modification capable to reduce cell adhesion properties and to affect organ development. Our study highlights the effects of Cd2+ on a series of parameters including morphology, physiology, and behavior. They emphasize the deregulation of molecular NCAM suggesting this effector is an interesting biomarker to detect cadmic toxicity in early tadpoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Marchand
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Ingrid Fliniaux
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Pauline Titran
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Yoshiko Takeda Uchimura
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Jean-François Bodart
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Anne Harduin Lepers
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Katia Cailliau
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Matthieu Marin
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille F-59000, France.
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Zinellu A, Mangoni AA. The pathophysiological role of circulating adhesion molecules in schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Schizophr Res 2024; 264:157-169. [PMID: 38150848 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2023.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence suggests an association between schizophrenia and atherosclerosis. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of cell adhesion molecules, critically involved in early atherosclerosis, in schizophrenia. METHODS We searched electronic databases from inception to 11 November 2023 for case-control studies assessing vascular cell, VCAM-1, intercellular, ICAM-1, platelet endothelial cell, PECAM-1, neural cell, NCAM, and Down syndrome cell, DSCAM, adhesion molecules, selectins (E-, L-, and P-selectin), integrins, and cadherins in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. Risk of bias and certainty of evidence were assessed using the JBI checklist and GRADE, respectively. RESULTS In 19 eligible studies, there were non-significant between-group differences in the concentrations of cell adhesion molecules, barring higher P-selectin in patients with schizophrenia (standard mean difference, SMD = 2.05, 95 % CI 0.72 to 3.38, p = 0.003; I2 = 97.2 %, p<0.001; very low certainty of evidence). Limited or no information was available regarding PECAM-1, DSCAM, ESAM, integrins, and cadherins. In meta-regression and subgroup analysis, there were significant associations between the SMD of ICAM-1 and matrix used (plasma or serum) and pharmacological treatment of schizophrenia, and between the SMD of VCAM-1 and pharmacological treatment, but not with other study and patient characteristics. CONCLUSIONS The results of our systematic review and meta-analysis do not support a significant role of immunoglobulin-like adhesion molecules, selectins, integrins, or cadherins in mediating the associations between schizophrenia, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease. Further studies are warranted to investigate these associations in patients with different cardiovascular risk and the effects of antipsychotic treatments on cell adhesion molecules and surrogate markers of atherosclerosis (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023463916).
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Zinellu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Arduino A Mangoni
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders Medical Centre, Southern Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, Australia.
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Breau MA, Trembleau A. Chemical and mechanical control of axon fasciculation and defasciculation. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2023; 140:72-81. [PMID: 35810068 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Neural networks are constructed through the development of robust axonal projections from individual neurons, which ultimately establish connections with their targets. In most animals, developing axons assemble in bundles to navigate collectively across various areas within the central nervous system or the periphery, before they separate from these bundles in order to find their specific targets. These processes, called fasciculation and defasciculation respectively, were thought for many years to be controlled chemically: while guidance cues may attract or repulse axonal growth cones, adhesion molecules expressed at the surface of axons mediate their fasciculation. Recently, an additional non-chemical parameter, the mechanical longitudinal tension of axons, turned out to play a role in axon fasciculation and defasciculation, through zippering and unzippering of axon shafts. In this review, we present an integrated view of the currently known chemical and mechanical control of axon:axon dynamic interactions. We highlight the facts that the decision to cross or not to cross another axon depends on a combination of chemical, mechanical and geometrical parameters, and that the decision to fasciculate/defasciculate through zippering/unzippering relies on the balance between axon:axon adhesion and their mechanical tension. Finally, we speculate about possible functional implications of zippering-dependent axon shaft fasciculation, in the collective migration of axons, and in the sorting of subpopulations of axons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Anne Breau
- Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS UMR 7622), Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Developmental Biology Laboratory, Paris, France
| | - Alain Trembleau
- Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS UMR8246), Inserm U1130, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Neuroscience Paris Seine (NPS), Paris, France.
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Gasljevic G, Boltezar L, Novakovic S, Setrajcic-Dragos V, Jezersek-Novakovic B, Kloboves-Prevodnik V. CD56-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: comprehensive analysis of clinical, pathological, and molecular characteristics with literature review. Radiol Oncol 2023:raon-2023-0016. [PMID: 36942468 DOI: 10.2478/raon-2023-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The expression of CD56 in DLBCL is highly unusual. Little is known about its incidence and clinical importance. So far, no genetic profiling was performed in CD56 positive DLBCL. PATIENTS AND METHODS Tissue microarrays have been constructed, sectioned, and stained by H&E and immunohistochemistry for 229 patients with DLBCL diagnosed 2008-2017. For CD56 positive cases, clinical data was collected including age at diagnosis, stage of the disease, International Prognostic Index (IPI) score, treatment scheme and number of chemotherapy cycles, radiation therapy, treatment outcome, and possible relapse of the disease. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were calculated. For four patients, RNA was extracted and targeted RNA (cDNA) sequencing of 125 genes was performed with the Archer FusionPlex Lymphoma kit. RESULTS CD56 expression was found in 7 cases (3%). The intensity of expression varied from weak to moderate focal, to very intensive and diffuse. All patients had de novo DLBCL. The median age at the time of diagnosis was 54.5 years. Five of them were women and 2 males. According to the Hans algorithm, 6 patients had the germinal centre B cells (GBC) type and one non-GBC (activated B-cell [ABC]) type, double expressor. Genetic profiling of four patients according to Schmitz's classification showed that 1 case was of the BN2 subtype, 1 of EZB subtype, 2 were unclassified. The six treated patients reached a complete response and did not experience progression of the disease during the median follow-up period of 80.5 months. CONCLUSIONS We report on one of the largest series of CD56+DLBCL with detailed clinicopathological data and for the first time described genetical findings in a limited number of patients. Our results show that CD56 expression is rare, but seems to be present in prognostic favourable subtypes of DLBCL not otherwise specified (NOS) as tested by immunohistochemical or genetic profiling.
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Fundaun J, Kolski M, Molina-Álvarez M, Baskozos G, Schmid AB. Types and Concentrations of Blood-Based Biomarkers in Adults With Peripheral Neuropathies: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2248593. [PMID: 36574244 PMCID: PMC9857490 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.48593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Importance Peripheral neuropathies are common conditions and can result in numbness, paresthesia, motor deficits, and pain. There is increasing evidence for the use of biomarkers as clinical indicators of the presence, severity, and prognosis of nerve lesions; however, biomarker identification has largely been focused on disorders of the central nervous system, and less is known about their role in the peripheral nervous system. Objective To assess blood-based biomarker concentrations associated with nerve involvement in patients with peripheral neuropathy compared with control participants. Data Sources Ovid, MEDLINE, Embase, and CINAHL were searched from inception to September 23, 2021. Study Selection Observational studies reporting on blood biomarkers in patients diagnosed with peripheral neuropathy were included. This review was preregistered on PROSPERO and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) reporting guideline. Data were abstracted by 1 investigator and independently reviewed by a second. Data Extraction and Synthesis Data were meta-analyzed when at least 2 studies reported the same biomarker with comparable methodology. Fixed-effects models were used when only 2 studies were included; random-effects models were used when more than 2 studies were included. Main Outcomes and Measures The outcome of interest was concentration of biomarkers. Results This review included 36 studies reporting on 4414 participants, including 2113 control participants and 2301 patients with peripheral neuropathy with 13 distinct peripheral neuropathy diagnoses. Diabetic neuropathy was the most common neuropathy diagnosis (13 studies), followed by Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (6 studies) and Guillain-Barre syndrome (6 studies). Overall, 16 different blood-based biomarkers associated with nerve involvement were evaluated. The most used were neurofilament light chain, S100B, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and neuron-specific enolase. Patients with peripheral neuropathy demonstrated significantly higher levels of neurofilament light chain compared with controls (standardized mean difference [SMD], 0.93 [95% CI, 0.82 to 1.05]; P < .001). There were no significant differences in levels of S100B (SMD, 1.10 [95% CI, -3.08 to 5.28]; P = .38), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (SMD, -0.52 [95% CI, -2.23 to 1.19]; P = .40), or neuron-specific enolase (SMD, -0.00 [95% CI, -1.99 to 1.98]; P = .10) in patients with peripheral neuropathy compared with control participants. Conclusions and Relevance The findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis support the use of neurofilament light chain as a blood-based measure associated with the presence of neuronal injury in patients with peripheral neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Fundaun
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Melissa Kolski
- Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Musculoskeletal Outpatient Department, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Miguel Molina-Álvarez
- Area of Pharmacology, Nutrition, and Bromatology, Department of Basic Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Georgios Baskozos
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Annina B. Schmid
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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10
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Baeriswyl T, Schaettin M, Leoni S, Dumoulin A, Stoeckli ET. Endoglycan Regulates Purkinje Cell Migration by Balancing Cell-Cell Adhesion. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:894962. [PMID: 35794952 PMCID: PMC9251411 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.894962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of cell adhesion molecules for the development of the nervous system has been recognized many decades ago. Functional in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated a role of cell adhesion molecules in cell migration, axon growth and guidance, as well as synaptogenesis. Clearly, cell adhesion molecules have to be more than static glue making cells stick together. During axon guidance, cell adhesion molecules have been shown to act as pathway selectors but also as a means to prevent axons going astray by bundling or fasciculating axons. We identified Endoglycan as a negative regulator of cell-cell adhesion during commissural axon guidance across the midline. The presence of Endoglycan allowed commissural growth cones to smoothly navigate the floor-plate area. In the absence of Endoglycan, axons failed to exit the floor plate and turn rostrally. These observations are in line with the idea of Endoglycan acting as a lubricant, as its presence was important, but it did not matter whether Endoglycan was provided by the growth cone or the floor-plate cells. Here, we expand on these observations by demonstrating a role of Endoglycan during cell migration. In the developing cerebellum, Endoglycan was expressed by Purkinje cells during their migration from the ventricular zone to the periphery. In the absence of Endoglycan, Purkinje cells failed to migrate and, as a consequence, cerebellar morphology was strongly affected. Cerebellar folds failed to form and grow, consistent with earlier observations on a role of Purkinje cells as Shh deliverers to trigger granule cell proliferation.
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11
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Thiesler H, Küçükerden M, Gretenkort L, Röckle I, Hildebrandt H. News and Views on Polysialic Acid: From Tumor Progression and Brain Development to Psychiatric Disorders, Neurodegeneration, Myelin Repair and Immunomodulation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:871757. [PMID: 35617589 PMCID: PMC9013797 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.871757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysialic acid (polySia) is a sugar homopolymer consisting of at least eight glycosidically linked sialic acid units. It is a posttranslational modification of a limited number of proteins with the neural cell adhesion molecule NCAM being the most prominent. As extensively reviewed before, polySia-NCAM is crucial for brain development and synaptic plasticity but also modulates tumor growth and malignancy. Functions of polySia have been attributed to its polyanionic character, its spatial expansion into the extracellular space, and its modulation of NCAM interactions. In this mini-review, we first summarize briefly, how the modulation of NCAM functions by polySia impacts tumor cell growth and leads to malformations during brain development of polySia-deficient mice, with a focus on how the latter may be linked to altered behaviors in the mouse model and to neurodevelopmental predispositions to psychiatric disorders. We then elaborate on the implications of polySia functions in hippocampal plasticity, learning and memory of mice in light of recently described polySia changes related to altered neurogenesis in the aging human brain and in neurodegenerative disease. Furthermore, we highlight recent progress that extends the range of polySia functions across diverse fields of neurobiology such as cortical interneuron development and connectivity, myelination and myelin repair, or the regulation of microglia activity. We discuss possible common and distinct mechanisms that may underlie these seemingly divergent roles of polySia, and provide prospects for new therapeutic approaches building on our improved understanding of polySia functions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Herbert Hildebrandt
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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12
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Solovieva T, Lu HC, Moverley A, Plachta N, Stern CD. The embryonic node behaves as an instructive stem cell niche for axial elongation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022. [PMID: 35101917 DOI: 10.1101/2020.11.10.376913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In warm-blooded vertebrate embryos (mammals and birds), the axial tissues of the body form from a growth zone at the tail end, Hensen's node, which generates neural, mesodermal, and endodermal structures along the midline. While most cells only pass through this region, the node has been suggested to contain a small population of resident stem cells. However, it is unknown whether the rest of the node constitutes an instructive niche that specifies this self-renewal behavior. Here, we use heterotopic transplantation of groups and single cells and show that cells not destined to enter the node can become resident and self-renew. Long-term resident cells are restricted to the posterior part of the node and single-cell RNA-sequencing reveals that the majority of these resident cells preferentially express G2/M phase cell-cycle-related genes. These results provide strong evidence that the node functions as a niche to maintain self-renewal of axial progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Solovieva
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, WC1E 6BT London, United Kingdom
| | - Hui-Chun Lu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, WC1E 6BT London, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Moverley
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, WC1E 6BT London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, A*STAR, 138673 Proteos, Singapore
| | - Nicolas Plachta
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, A*STAR, 138673 Proteos, Singapore
| | - Claudio D Stern
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, WC1E 6BT London, United Kingdom;
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13
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Iltar U, Ataş Ü, Vural E, Alhan FN, Yücel OK, Salim O, Undar L. Outcomes of stem cell mobilization and engraftment in patients with multiple myeloma according to CD56 expression status. Transfus Apher Sci 2022; 61:103351. [PMID: 35022157 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2022.103351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The molecular mechanism underlying the mobilization and engraftment of CD34+ cells is poorly understood. The most relevant factors in the regulation of stem cell release and engraftment include chemokines, adhesion molecules, and chemokine receptors. Previously, it was suggested that the absence of CD56 expression could be used as a predictive factor for mobilization failure at the time of diagnosis. Here, we investigated the effect of CD56 expression status on both mobilization and engraftment processes. Additionally, other factors affecting mobilization and engraftment efficacy were investigated. METHODS Data from 79 multiple myeloma patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation between 2015 and 2020 were analyzed for peripheral stem cell mobilization and posttransplant neutrophil and platelet engraftment according to CD56 expression on myeloma cells. RESULTS No difference in either the median number of CD34+ cells collected or time to engraftment was found between the CD56+ and CD56- groups. The age of the patients (p = 0.025) and peak number of circulating CD34+ cells in peripheral blood (p = 0.005) were important predictors for a higher number of collected CD34+ cells. The average time to recovery of leukocytes and platelets after transplantation was markedly correlated with the number of transplanted stem cells and peak number of circulating CD34+ cells in peripheral blood, respectively (p = 0.049 and p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated no effect of CD56 expression status on the mobilization and engraftment of PBSCs. Our results also support the notion that the peak number of circulating CD34+ cells in peripheral blood is clinically important for rapid platelet engraftment following HPC transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utku Iltar
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Ünal Ataş
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ece Vural
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Fadime Nurcan Alhan
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Orhan Kemal Yücel
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ozan Salim
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Levent Undar
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Antalya, Turkey
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14
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Yang B, Huang S, Chen H, Li R, Hou S, Zhao J, Li Y. DNMT3B regulates proliferation of A549 cells through the microRNA-152-3p/NCAM1 pathway. Oncol Lett 2021; 23:11. [PMID: 34820010 PMCID: PMC8607351 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to examine the epigenetic mechanism by which microRNA (miR)-152-3p regulates proliferation in non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells via neural cell adhesion molecule 1 (NCAM1). Bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP), the gold standard for methylation detection, uses bisulfite-treated DNA to determine its pattern of methylation. Treatment of DNA with bisulfite converts cytosine residues to uracil, but leaves 5-methylcytosine residues unaffected. It was conducted and demonstrated a relatively high level of methylation in the miR-152-3p promoter region. Chromatin immunoprecipitation was combined with PCR to detect the binding of DNA methyltransferase 3B (DNMT3B) protein to miR-152-3p, which tends to occur in the core region of the miR-152-3p gene in A549 cells. Luciferase assay identified NCAM1 as the target gene of miR-152-3p. MTT, colony formation and Transwell assays indicated that miR-152-3p could decrease cell proliferation and invasion and in addition to reducing the expression level of NCAM1. Overexpression of NCAM1 could attenuate the effect of miR-152-3p. DNMT3B knockdown decreased the proliferative ability of A549 cells and increased the expression of miR-152-3p, while decreased that of NCAM1. After treatment with miR-152-3p inhibitor, these effects were attenuated and the NCAM1 expression level was upregulated. The results indicated that miR-152-3p may suppress the proliferation of A549 cells by downregulating NCAM1. In addition, DNMT3B negatively regulated the expression of miR-152-3p via modulation of the methylation level in the miR-152-3p core region, thus mediating the proliferation of lung tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 533000, P.R. China
| | - Shiqing Huang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 533000, P.R. China
| | - Hongming Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 533000, P.R. China
| | - Rizhu Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 533000, P.R. China
| | - Shihao Hou
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 533000, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 533000, P.R. China
| | - Yepeng Li
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 533000, P.R. China
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15
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Uno Y, Yaguchi M, Kobayashi T, Onozawa E, Ochiai K, Yoshida K, Nakamura C, Udagawa C, Omi T. Phenotypic and Genetic Characterization for Incompatible Cross-Match Cases in the Feline AB Blood Group System. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:720445. [PMID: 34589535 PMCID: PMC8473794 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.720445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The feline AB blood group system (blood types A, B, and AB) encoding the cytidine monophosphate-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase (CMAH) gene is the most significant in transfusion medicine and hemolysis of the newborn for cats. Blood typing and cross-matching in pre-transfusion testing are crucial to determining blood compatibility and thus prevent hemolytic transfusion reactions. We here performed serological and genetic investigations to characterize blood samples from cats with discordant results for card agglutination (CARD) and the alloantibody agglutination test for blood typing in two cats (subjects K and R). Subject K showed incompatible cross-matching in pre-transfusion testing. Red blood cells from subjects K and R determined blood type B from the CARD method showed blood type AB by alloanti-A and alloanti-B antibodies in agglutination testing. Genomic DNA sequencing of the coding region (exons 1a to 14) for the cat CMAH gene showed that subject K had four mutations with heterozygosity at c.139C>T, c.179G>T, c.327A>C, and c.364C>T. Similarly, the CMAH gene of subject R carried six mutations with heterozygosity at c.142G>A, c.187A>G, c.268T>A, c.327A>C, c.773G>A and c.1603G>A, representing a new diplotype including a novel synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in exon 7 (c.773 G>A: Arg258Gln). The CMAH diplotype in subjects K and R was different from major diplotype in blood type B cats. This study is the first to report CMAH variants in cats with discordant blood types between CARD and TUBE methods. These results could assist in the classification of feline AB blood types for transfusion medicine to avoid blood incompatibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko Uno
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masami Yaguchi
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Eri Onozawa
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Ochiai
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan.,Research Center for Animal Life Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Karin Yoshida
- Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Chihiro Udagawa
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshinori Omi
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan.,Research Center for Animal Life Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
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16
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Bonfanti L, Seki T. The PSA-NCAM-Positive "Immature" Neurons: An Old Discovery Providing New Vistas on Brain Structural Plasticity. Cells 2021; 10:2542. [PMID: 34685522 PMCID: PMC8534119 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies on brain plasticity have undertaken different roads, tackling a wide range of biological processes: from small synaptic changes affecting the contacts among neurons at the very tip of their processes, to birth, differentiation, and integration of new neurons (adult neurogenesis). Stem cell-driven adult neurogenesis is an exception in the substantially static mammalian brain, yet, it has dominated the research in neurodevelopmental biology during the last thirty years. Studies of comparative neuroplasticity have revealed that neurogenic processes are reduced in large-brained mammals, including humans. On the other hand, large-brained mammals, with respect to rodents, host large populations of special "immature" neurons that are generated prenatally but express immature markers in adulthood. The history of these "immature" neurons started from studies on adhesion molecules carried out at the beginning of the nineties. The identity of these neurons as "stand by" cells "frozen" in a state of immaturity remained un-detected for long time, because of their ill-defined features and because clouded by research ef-forts focused on adult neurogenesis. In this review article, the history of these cells will be reconstructed, and a series of nuances and confounding factors that have hindered the distinction between newly generated and "immature" neurons will be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Bonfanti
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), 10043 Orbassano, Italy
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Torino, Italy
| | - Tatsunori Seki
- Department of Histology and Neuroanatomy, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
- Department of Anatomy and Life Structure, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
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17
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Sun JH, Huang M, Fang Z, Li TX, Wu TT, Chen Y, Quan DP, Xu YY, Wang YM, Yang Y, Zou JL. Nerve bundle formation during the promotion of peripheral nerve regeneration: collagen VI-neural cell adhesion molecule 1 interaction. Neural Regen Res 2021; 17:1023-1033. [PMID: 34558529 PMCID: PMC8552870 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.324861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of nerve bundles, which is partially regulated by neural cell adhesion molecule 1 (NCAM1), is important for neural network organization during peripheral nerve regeneration. However, little is known about how the extracellular matrix (ECM) microenvironment affects this process. Here, we seeded dorsal root ganglion tissue blocks on different ECM substrates of peripheral nerve ECM-derived matrix-gel, Matrigel, laminin 521, collagen I, and collagen IV, and observed well-aligned axon bundles growing in the peripheral nerve ECM-derived environment. We confirmed that NCAM1 is necessary but not sufficient to trigger this phenomenon. A protein interaction assay identified collagen VI as an extracellular partner of NCAM1 in the regulation of axonal fasciculation. Collagen VI interacted with NCAM1 by directly binding to the FNIII domain, thereby increasing the stability of NCAM1 at the axolemma. Our in vivo experiments on a rat sciatic nerve defect model also demonstrated orderly nerve bundle regeneration with improved projection accuracy and functional recovery after treatment with 10 mg/mL Matrigel and 20 μg/mL collagen VI. These findings suggest that the collagen VI-NCAM1 pathway plays a regulatory role in nerve bundle formation. This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Guangzhou Medical University (approval No. GY2019048) on April 30, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hui Sun
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China; Key Laboratory of Neurological Function and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ming Huang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yatsen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhou Fang
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Function and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tian-Xiao Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ting-Ting Wu
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Function and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yatsen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Da-Ping Quan
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ying-Ying Xu
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Function and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yu-Ming Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China; Key Laboratory of Neurological Function and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Trauma and Microsurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jian-Long Zou
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China; Key Laboratory of Neurological Function and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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18
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Mindler K, Ostertag E, Stehle T. The polyfunctional polysialic acid: A structural view. Carbohydr Res 2021; 507:108376. [PMID: 34273862 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2021.108376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Polysialic acid (polySia), a homopolymer of α2,8-linked sialic acid residues, modifies a small number of proteins and has central functions in vertebrate signalling. Here, we review the regulatory functions of polySia in signalling processes and the immune system of adult humans, as well as functions based on their chemical properties. The main focus will be on the structure-function relationship of polySia with its interaction partners in humans. Recent studies have indicated that the degree of polymerisation is an important parameter that can guide the regulatory effect of polySia in addition to its binding to target proteins. Therefore, the structures of polySia in solution and bound to interaction partners are compared in order to identify the key factors that define binding specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Mindler
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Elena Ostertag
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thilo Stehle
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
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19
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Bonfanti L, Charvet CJ. Brain Plasticity in Humans and Model Systems: Advances, Challenges, and Future Directions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9358. [PMID: 34502267 PMCID: PMC8431131 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasticity, and in particular, neurogenesis, is a promising target to treat and prevent a wide variety of diseases (e.g., epilepsy, stroke, dementia). There are different types of plasticity, which vary with age, brain region, and species. These observations stress the importance of defining plasticity along temporal and spatial dimensions. We review recent studies focused on brain plasticity across the lifespan and in different species. One main theme to emerge from this work is that plasticity declines with age but that we have yet to map these different forms of plasticity across species. As part of this effort, we discuss our recent progress aimed to identify corresponding ages across species, and how this information can be used to map temporal variation in plasticity from model systems to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Bonfanti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano, TO, Italy
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20
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Baeriswyl T, Dumoulin A, Schaettin M, Tsapara G, Niederkofler V, Helbling D, Avilés E, Frei JA, Wilson NH, Gesemann M, Kunz B, Stoeckli ET. Endoglycan plays a role in axon guidance by modulating cell adhesion. eLife 2021; 10:64767. [PMID: 33650489 PMCID: PMC7946425 DOI: 10.7554/elife.64767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Axon navigation depends on the interactions between guidance molecules along the trajectory and specific receptors on the growth cone. However, our in vitro and in vivo studies on the role of Endoglycan demonstrate that in addition to specific guidance cue – receptor interactions, axon guidance depends on fine-tuning of cell-cell adhesion. Endoglycan, a sialomucin, plays a role in axon guidance in the central nervous system of chicken embryos, but it is neither an axon guidance cue nor a receptor. Rather, Endoglycan acts as a negative regulator of molecular interactions based on evidence from in vitro experiments demonstrating reduced adhesion of growth cones. In the absence of Endoglycan, commissural axons fail to properly navigate the midline of the spinal cord. Taken together, our in vivo and in vitro results support the hypothesis that Endoglycan acts as a negative regulator of cell-cell adhesion in commissural axon guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Baeriswyl
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences and Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Dumoulin
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences and Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martina Schaettin
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences and Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Georgia Tsapara
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences and Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vera Niederkofler
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences and Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Denise Helbling
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences and Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Evelyn Avilés
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences and Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jeannine A Frei
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences and Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicole H Wilson
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences and Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Gesemann
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences and Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Beat Kunz
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences and Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Esther T Stoeckli
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences and Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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21
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Pensold D, Gehrmann J, Pitschelatow G, Walberg A, Braunsteffer K, Reichard J, Ravaei A, Linde J, Lampert A, Costa IG, Zimmer-Bensch G. The Expression of the Cancer-Associated lncRNA Snhg15 Is Modulated by EphrinA5-Induced Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1332. [PMID: 33572758 PMCID: PMC7866228 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Eph receptor tyrosine kinases and their respective ephrin-ligands are an important family of membrane receptors, being involved in developmental processes such as proliferation, migration, and in the formation of brain cancer such as glioma. Intracellular signaling pathways, which are activated by Eph receptor signaling, are well characterized. In contrast, it is unknown so far whether ephrins modulate the expression of lncRNAs, which would enable the transduction of environmental stimuli into our genome through a great gene regulatory spectrum. Applying a combination of functional in vitro assays, RNA sequencing, and qPCR analysis, we found that the proliferation and migration promoting stimulation of mouse cerebellar granule cells (CB) with ephrinA5 diminishes the expression of the cancer-related lncRNA Snhg15. In a human medulloblastoma cell line (DAOY) ephrinA5 stimulation similarly reduced SNHG15 expression. Computational analysis identified triple-helix-mediated DNA-binding sites of Snhg15 in promoters of genes found up-regulated upon ephrinA5 stimulation and known to be involved in tumorigenic processes. Our findings propose a crucial role of Snhg15 downstream of ephrinA5-induced signaling in regulating gene transcription in the nucleus. These findings could be potentially relevant for the regulation of tumorigenic processes in the context of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Pensold
- Division of Functional Epigenetics, Institute of Zoology (Biology 2), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (D.P.); (G.P.); (A.W.); (K.B.); (J.R.); (J.L.)
| | - Julia Gehrmann
- RWTH Aachen Medical Faculty, Institute for Computational Genomics, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (J.G.); (I.G.C.)
| | - Georg Pitschelatow
- Division of Functional Epigenetics, Institute of Zoology (Biology 2), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (D.P.); (G.P.); (A.W.); (K.B.); (J.R.); (J.L.)
| | - Asa Walberg
- Division of Functional Epigenetics, Institute of Zoology (Biology 2), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (D.P.); (G.P.); (A.W.); (K.B.); (J.R.); (J.L.)
| | - Kai Braunsteffer
- Division of Functional Epigenetics, Institute of Zoology (Biology 2), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (D.P.); (G.P.); (A.W.); (K.B.); (J.R.); (J.L.)
| | - Julia Reichard
- Division of Functional Epigenetics, Institute of Zoology (Biology 2), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (D.P.); (G.P.); (A.W.); (K.B.); (J.R.); (J.L.)
- Research Training Group 2416 Multi Senses—Multi Scales, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Amin Ravaei
- Department of Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Section of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Jenice Linde
- Division of Functional Epigenetics, Institute of Zoology (Biology 2), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (D.P.); (G.P.); (A.W.); (K.B.); (J.R.); (J.L.)
- Research Training Group 2416 Multi Senses—Multi Scales, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Angelika Lampert
- Research Training Group 2416 Multi Senses—Multi Scales, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
- RWTH Aachen Medical Faculty, Institute of Physiology, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ivan G. Costa
- RWTH Aachen Medical Faculty, Institute for Computational Genomics, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (J.G.); (I.G.C.)
| | - Geraldine Zimmer-Bensch
- Division of Functional Epigenetics, Institute of Zoology (Biology 2), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (D.P.); (G.P.); (A.W.); (K.B.); (J.R.); (J.L.)
- Research Training Group 2416 Multi Senses—Multi Scales, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
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Novel Insights into Selected Disease-Causing Mutations within the SLC35A1 Gene Encoding the CMP-Sialic Acid Transporter. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010304. [PMID: 33396746 PMCID: PMC7795627 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a group of rare genetic and metabolic diseases caused by alterations in glycosylation pathways. Five patients bearing CDG-causing mutations in the SLC35A1 gene encoding the CMP-sialic acid transporter (CST) have been reported to date. In this study we examined how specific mutations in the SLC35A1 gene affect the protein’s properties in two previously described SLC35A1-CDG cases: one caused by a substitution (Q101H) and another involving a compound heterozygous mutation (T156R/E196K). The effects of single mutations and the combination of T156R and E196K mutations on the CST’s functionality was examined separately in CST-deficient HEK293T cells. As shown by microscopic studies, none of the CDG-causing mutations affected the protein’s proper localization in the Golgi apparatus. Cellular glycophenotypes were characterized using lectins, structural assignment of N- and O-glycans and analysis of glycolipids. Single Q101H, T156R and E196K mutants were able to partially restore sialylation in CST-deficient cells, and the deleterious effect of a single T156R or E196K mutation on the CST functionality was strongly enhanced upon their combination. We also revealed differences in the ability of CST variants to form dimers. The results of this study improve our understanding of the molecular background of SLC35A1-CDG cases.
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23
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The clinical significance of CD49e and CD56 for multiple myeloma in the novel agents era. Med Oncol 2020; 37:103. [PMID: 33068194 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-020-01423-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy characterized by the proliferation of abnormal plasma cells in bone marrow. Flow cytometry distinguishes between normal and abnormal plasma cells by evaluating cluster of differentiation (CD) 56 and CD19 expression patterns. Moreover, immunophenotyping of mature plasma cell 1 (MPC-1) and very late antigen-5 (CD49e) identifies the maturity of MM as mature (MPC-1+, CD49e+), intermediate (MPC-1+, CD49e-), or immature (MPC-1-, CD49e-). We retrospectively examined the effects of surface marker expression and maturity subtype on overall survival (OS) and time to next treatment (TNT) among 55 patients (25 males, 30 females) with symptomatic MM. All patients were treated with regimens containing bortezomib (BOR) (n = 39) or lenalidomide (LEN) (n = 16) as the initial treatment. Median age at diagnosis was 72 years (range: 36-88). The lack of CD56, an aberrant marker, was associated with significantly worse prognosis compared with CD56+ MM (median OS: 24 vs. 60 months, respectively; p = 0.0050). In CD49e+ MM, defined as mature type, no significant difference was seen in TNT of the initial treatment, regardless of whether it was a BOR-based regimen or LEN + dexamethasone (Ld) therapy. On the other hand, in CD49e- MM, defined as immature/intermediate type, TNT of Ld therapy was significantly longer than that of BOR-based regimens (median TNT: undefined vs. 12 months, respectively; p = 0.0043). These results suggest that Ld therapy is more effective than BOR-based therapy for CD49e- MM and thus may aid regimen-related decisions in the novel agents era.
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24
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Samal J, Saldova R, Rudd PM, Pandit A, O'Flaherty R. Region-Specific Characterization of N-Glycans in the Striatum and Substantia Nigra of an Adult Rodent Brain. Anal Chem 2020; 92:12842-12851. [PMID: 32815717 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
N-glycan alterations in the nervous system can result in different neuropathological symptoms such as mental retardation, seizures, and epilepsy. Studies have reported the characterization of N-glycans in rodent brains, but there is a lack of spatial resolution as either the tissue samples were homogenized or specific proteins were selected for analysis of glycosylation. We hypothesize that region-specific resolution of N-glycans isolated from the striatum and substantia nigra (SN) can give an insight into the establishment and pathophysiological degeneration of neural circuitry in Parkinson's disease. Specific objectives of the study include isolation of N-glycans from the rat striatum and SN; reproducibility, resolution, and relative quantitation of N-glycome using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC), weak anion exchange-UPLC, and lectin histochemistry. The total N-glycomes from the striatum and SN were characterized using database mining (GlycoStore), exoglycosidase digestions, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. It revealed significant differences in complex and oligomannose type N-glycans, sialylation (mono-, di-, and tetra-), fucosylation (tri-, core, and outer arm), and galactosylation (di-, tri-, and tetra-) between striatum and SN N-glycans with the detection of phosphorylated N-glycans in SN which were not detected in the striatum. This study presents the most comprehensive comparative analysis of relative abundances of N-glycans in the striatum and SN of rodent brains, serving as a foundation for identifying "brain-type" glycans as biomarkers or therapeutic targets and their modulation in neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhi Samal
- CÚRAM-SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland, Co. Galway H91W2TY, Ireland
| | - Radka Saldova
- CÚRAM-SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland, Co. Galway H91W2TY, Ireland.,GlycoScience Group, National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training (NIBRT), Fosters Avenue, Mount Merrion, Blackrock, Co. Dublin A94X099, Ireland.,UCD School of Medicine, College of Health and Agricultural Science (CHAS), University College Dublin (UCD), Co. Dublin A94X099, Ireland
| | - Pauline M Rudd
- GlycoScience Group, National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training (NIBRT), Fosters Avenue, Mount Merrion, Blackrock, Co. Dublin A94X099, Ireland.,Analytics Group, Bioprocessing Technology Institute (AStar), 20 Biopolis Way, 06-01 Centros, Singapore 138668
| | - Abhay Pandit
- CÚRAM-SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland, Co. Galway H91W2TY, Ireland
| | - Róisín O'Flaherty
- GlycoScience Group, National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training (NIBRT), Fosters Avenue, Mount Merrion, Blackrock, Co. Dublin A94X099, Ireland
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25
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Chung HL, Wangler MF, Marcogliese PC, Jo J, Ravenscroft TA, Zuo Z, Duraine L, Sadeghzadeh S, Li-Kroeger D, Schmidt RE, Pestronk A, Rosenfeld JA, Burrage L, Herndon MJ, Chen S, Shillington A, Vawter-Lee M, Hopkin R, Rodriguez-Smith J, Henrickson M, Lee B, Moser AB, Jones RO, Watkins P, Yoo T, Mar S, Choi M, Bucelli RC, Yamamoto S, Lee HK, Prada CE, Chae JH, Vogel TP, Bellen HJ. Loss- or Gain-of-Function Mutations in ACOX1 Cause Axonal Loss via Different Mechanisms. Neuron 2020; 106:589-606.e6. [PMID: 32169171 PMCID: PMC7289150 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2020.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
ACOX1 (acyl-CoA oxidase 1) encodes the first and rate-limiting enzyme of the very-long-chain fatty acid (VLCFA) β-oxidation pathway in peroxisomes and leads to H2O2 production. Unexpectedly, Drosophila (d) ACOX1 is mostly expressed and required in glia, and loss of ACOX1 leads to developmental delay, pupal death, reduced lifespan, impaired synaptic transmission, and glial and axonal loss. Patients who carry a previously unidentified, de novo, dominant variant in ACOX1 (p.N237S) also exhibit glial loss. However, this mutation causes increased levels of ACOX1 protein and function resulting in elevated levels of reactive oxygen species in glia in flies and murine Schwann cells. ACOX1 (p.N237S) patients exhibit a severe loss of Schwann cells and neurons. However, treatment of flies and primary Schwann cells with an antioxidant suppressed the p.N237S-induced neurodegeneration. In summary, both loss and gain of ACOX1 lead to glial and neuronal loss, but different mechanisms are at play and require different treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Lok Chung
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michael F Wangler
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Paul C Marcogliese
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Juyeon Jo
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Thomas A Ravenscroft
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhongyuan Zuo
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lita Duraine
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sina Sadeghzadeh
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - David Li-Kroeger
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Robert E Schmidt
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Neuropathology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Alan Pestronk
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Neuropathology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jill A Rosenfeld
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lindsay Burrage
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mitchell J Herndon
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Neuropathology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Shan Chen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Amelle Shillington
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Marissa Vawter-Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Robert Hopkin
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Jackeline Rodriguez-Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Michael Henrickson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Brendan Lee
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ann B Moser
- Division of Neurogenetics, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Richard O Jones
- Division of Neurogenetics, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Paul Watkins
- Division of Neurogenetics, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Taekyeong Yoo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soe Mar
- Department of Neurology, St. Louis Children's Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Murim Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Robert C Bucelli
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Shinya Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hyun Kyoung Lee
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Carlos E Prada
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Jong-Hee Chae
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tiphanie P Vogel
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Center for Human Immunobiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hugo J Bellen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Uno Y, Kawakami S, Ochiai K, Omi T. Molecular characterization of cytidine monophospho-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase ( CMAH) associated with the erythrocyte antigens in dogs. Canine Genet Epidemiol 2019; 6:9. [PMID: 31728195 PMCID: PMC6842231 DOI: 10.1186/s40575-019-0076-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) is synthesized from its precursor N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) by cytidine-5′-monophospho-N acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase (CMAH), which is encoded by the CMAH gene. Most mammals have both Neu5Gc and Neu5Ac, but humans and ferrets have only Neu5Ac because of loss-of-function mutations. Dogs and cats are polymorphic for Neu5Gc and Neu5Ac expression like cats, in which the CMAH gene is responsible for the AB Blood group system. Although the CMAH gene has been characterized in many species, not much is known about it in dogs. In this study, we cloned the dog CMAH cDNA, and performed mRNA expression analysis of this gene in several organs. We also identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CMAH gene. Results We cloned the 1737-bp open reading frame of the dog CMAH gene. This gene consists of at least 14 coding exons and codes for a polypeptide of 578 amino acids and is located on chromosome 35. The amino acid identities of dog CMAH with the corresponding sequences from cat, pig, chimpanzee, mouse, and rat were high (89 to 93%). RT-PCR analysis showed that the dog CMAH cDNA was expressed in various tissues. We identified four exonic SNPs (three synonymous and one non-synonymous), 11 intronic SNPs, and an indel in 11 dog breeds by analyzing the nucleotide sequences of the 14 exons, including the coding region of CMAH. In the genotype of the non-synonymous SNP, c.554 A > G (p.Lys185Arg), in a total of 285 dogs of seven different breeds, the allele G was widely distributed, and the allele A was the most frequent in the Shiba dogs. The dogs expressing Neu5Ac did not carry the loss-of-function deletion of CMAH found in humans and ferrets, and it remains unclear whether the point mutations influence the expression of Neu5Ac. Conclusions We characterized the canine CMAH gene at the molecular level for the first time. The results obtained in this study provide essential information that will help in understanding the molecular roles of the CMAH gene in canine erythrocyte antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko Uno
- Department of Basic Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonan-cho, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, 180-8602 Japan
| | - Shota Kawakami
- Department of Basic Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonan-cho, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, 180-8602 Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Ochiai
- Department of Basic Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonan-cho, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, 180-8602 Japan
| | - Toshinori Omi
- Department of Basic Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonan-cho, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, 180-8602 Japan
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Iqbal S, Parker LM, Everest-Dass AV, Moh ESX, Sayyadi N, Hutchinson MR, Packer NH. Lipopolysaccharide and Morphine-3-Glucuronide-Induced Immune Signalling Increases the Expression of Polysialic Acid in PC12 Cells. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 57:964-975. [PMID: 31646464 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01791-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Polysialic acid (polySia), a long homopolymer of 2,8-linked sialic acids, is abundant in the embryonic brain and is restricted largely in adult brain to regions that exhibit neurogenesis and structural plasticity. In the central nervous system (CNS), polySia is highly important for cell-cell interactions, differentiation, migration and cytokine responses, which are critical neuronal functions regulating intercellular interactions that underlie immune signalling in the CNS. In recent reports, a metabolite of morphine, morphine-3-glucuronide (M3G), has been shown to cause immune signalling in the CNS. In this study, we compared the effects of neurite growth factor (NGF), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and M3G exposure on the expression of polySia in PC12 cells using immunocytochemistry and Western blot analysis. PolySia was also extracted from stimulated cell proteins by endo-neuraminidase digestion and quantitated using fluorescent labelling followed by HPLC analysis. PolySia expression was significantly increased following NGF, M3G or LPS stimulation when compared with unstimulated cells or cells exposed to the TLR4 antagonist LPS-RS. Additionally, we analyzed the effects of test agent exposure on cell migration and the oxidative stress response of these cells in the presence and absence of polySia expression on their cell surface. We observed an increase in oxidative stress in cells without polySia as well as following M3G or LPS stimulation. Our study provides evidence that polySia expression in neuronal-like PC12 cells is influenced by M3G and LPS exposure alike, suggestive of a role of TLR4 in triggering these events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameera Iqbal
- Department of Molecular Sciences and ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lindsay M Parker
- Department of Molecular Sciences and ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Arun V Everest-Dass
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Edward S X Moh
- Department of Molecular Sciences and ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nima Sayyadi
- Department of Molecular Sciences and ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mark R Hutchinson
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Nicolle H Packer
- Department of Molecular Sciences and ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.
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28
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Sensory axons inhibit motor axon regeneration in vitro. Exp Neurol 2019; 323:113073. [PMID: 31639375 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.113073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
During mammalian embryonic development sensory and motor axons interact as an integral part of the pathfinding process. During regeneration, however, little is known of their interactions with one another. It is thus possible that sensory axons might influence motor axon regeneration in ways not currently appreciated. To explore this possibility we have developed an organotypic model of post-natal nerve regeneration in which sensory and motor axons are color-coded by modality. Motor axons that express yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) and sensory axons that express red fluorescent protein (RFP) are blended within a three-dimensional segment of peripheral nerve. This nerve is then transected, allowing axons to interact with one another as they grow out on a collagen/laminin gel that is initially devoid of directional cues. Within hours it is apparent that sensory axons extend more rapidly than motor axons and precede them during the early stages of regeneration, the opposite of their developmental order. Motor axons thus enter an environment already populated with sensory axons, and they adhere to these axons throughout most of their course. As a result, motor axon growth is reduced dramatically. Physical delay of sensory regeneration, allowing motor axons to grow ahead, restores normal motor growth; direct axonal interactions on the gel, rather than some other aspect of the model, are thus responsible for motor inhibition. Potential mechanisms for this inhibition are explored by electroporating siRNA to the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) and the L1 adhesion molecule (L1CAM) into dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) to block expression of these molecules by regenerating sensory axons. Although neither maneuver improved motor regeneration, the results were consistent with early receptor-mediated signaling among axons rather than physical adhesion as the mechanism of motor inhibition in this model.
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Rajagopal N, Nangia S. Obtaining Protein Association Energy Landscape for Integral Membrane Proteins. J Chem Theory Comput 2019; 15:6444-6455. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.9b00626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nandhini Rajagopal
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, 343 Link Hall, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Shikha Nangia
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, 343 Link Hall, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
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Liu F, Liu S, Patterson TA, Fogle C, Hanig JP, Slikker W, Wang C. Effects of Xenon-Based Anesthetic Exposure on the Expression Levels of Polysialic Acid Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule (PSA-NCAM) on Human Neural Stem Cell-Derived Neurons. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 57:217-225. [PMID: 31522383 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01771-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies suggest a long duration of anesthesia during the late gestation period and infancy is associated with an increased risk of neuronal damage and neurocognitive impairment. The noble gas xenon is an anesthetic that is reported to have neuroprotective effects in some circumstances at certain concentrations. Currently, the effects of xenon on the brain and its potential neuroprotective properties, and/or the effects of xenon used in combination with other anesthetics, are not clearly understood and some reported data appear contradictory. In the present study, human neural stem cells were employed as a human-relevant model to evaluate the effects of xenon when it was co-administered with propofol, a frequently used anesthetic in pediatric anesthesia, and to understand the mechanism(s). The expression of polysialic acid (PSA) neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) on human neural stem cell-differentiated neurons was investigated as a key target molecule. PSA is a specific marker of developing neurons. It is essential for neuronal viability and plasticity. Human neural stem cells were maintained in neural differentiation medium and directed to differentiate into neuronal and glial lineages, and were exposed to propofol (50 μM) for 16 h in the presence or absence of xenon (33%). The neural stem cell-derived neurons were characterized by labelling cells with PSA-NCAM, after 5 days of differentiation. Propofol- and/or xenon-induced neurotoxicities were determined by measuring PSA immunoreactivity. A time course study showed that neuronal cell surface PSA was clearly cleaved off from NCAM by endoneuraminidase N (Endo-N), and eliminated PSA immunostaining was not re-expressed 4, 8, or 16 h after Endo-N washout. However, in the presence of 33% xenon, intense PSA staining on neuronal cell surface and processes was evident 16 h after Endo-N washout. In addition, prolonged (16 h) propofol exposure significantly decreased the positive rate of PSA-labeled neurons. When combined with xenon, propofol's adverse effects on neurons were attenuated. This work, conducted on the human neural stem cell-derived models, has provided evidence of the beneficiary effects of xenon on neurons and helps develop xenon-based anesthesia regimens in the pediatric population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/FDA, Jefferson, AR, USA.
| | - Shuliang Liu
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/FDA, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Tucker A Patterson
- Office of Director, National Center for Toxicological Research/FDA, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Charles Fogle
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/FDA, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Joseph P Hanig
- Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research/FDA, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - William Slikker
- Office of Director, National Center for Toxicological Research/FDA, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Cheng Wang
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/FDA, Jefferson, AR, USA
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Zarco N, Norton E, Quiñones-Hinojosa A, Guerrero-Cázares H. Overlapping migratory mechanisms between neural progenitor cells and brain tumor stem cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:3553-3570. [PMID: 31101934 PMCID: PMC6698208 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03149-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Neural stem cells present in the subventricular zone (SVZ), the largest neurogenic niche of the mammalian brain, are able to self-renew as well as generate neural progenitor cells (NPCs). NPCs are highly migratory and traverse the rostral migratory stream (RMS) to the olfactory bulb, where they terminally differentiate into mature interneurons. NPCs from the SVZ are some of the few cells in the CNS that migrate long distances during adulthood. The migratory process of NPCs is highly regulated by intracellular pathway activation and signaling from the surrounding microenvironment. It involves modulation of cell volume, cytoskeletal rearrangement, and isolation from compact extracellular matrix. In malignant brain tumors including high-grade gliomas, there are cells called brain tumor stem cells (BTSCs) with similar stem cell characteristics to NPCs but with uncontrolled cell proliferation and contribute to tumor initiation capacity, tumor progression, invasion, and tumor maintenance. These BTSCs are resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and their presence is believed to lead to tumor recurrence at distal sites from the original tumor location, principally due to their high migratory capacity. BTSCs are able to invade the brain parenchyma by utilizing many of the migratory mechanisms used by NPCs. However, they have an increased ability to infiltrate the tight brain parenchyma and utilize brain structures such as myelin tracts and blood vessels as migratory paths. In this article, we summarize recent findings on the mechanisms of cellular migration that overlap between NPCs and BTSCs. A better understanding of the intersection between NPCs and BTSCs will to provide a better comprehension of the BTSCs' invasive capacity and the molecular mechanisms that govern their migration and eventually lead to the development of new therapies to improve the prognosis of patients with malignant gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natanael Zarco
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Emily Norton
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Alfredo Quiñones-Hinojosa
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Hugo Guerrero-Cázares
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA.
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Wang J, Gao Y, Cheng X, Yang J, Zhao Y, Xu H, Zhu Y, Yan Z, Manthari RK, Ommati MM, Wang J. GSTO1 acts as a mediator in sodium fluoride-induced alterations of learning and memory related factors expressions in the hippocampus cell line. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 226:201-209. [PMID: 30927672 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of GSTO1, as a high-risk factor for neurological damage, in sodium fluoride (NaF)-induced learning and memory impairment remained still unclear. Hence, in this study, we used the siRNA-GSTO1 HT22 model to explore the effect of NaF and siRNA-GSTO1 on the viability, and proliferation rate of HT22 cells, as well as the mRNA and protein expression levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element binding protein (CREB), neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), stem cell factor (SCF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The results of MTT showed that 10-3, 10-4, and 10-5 moL/L sodium fluoride (NaF) exposure could significantly promote the proliferation of HT22 cells at 24 h, 36 h, and 48 h, respectively. In addition, our results showed that exposure to 10-3, 10-4, and 10-5 moL/l NaF increased GSTO1 mRNA and protein expression, but decreased CREB and BDNF expression levels in a dose and time-dependent manner. The mRNA and protein expressions of GSTO1, CREB and BDNF were significantly decreased in the siRNA-GSTO1 and NaF + siRNA-GSTO1 group (P < 0.05). We have shown that various NaF doses affected the learning and memory ability by down-regulation the expressions of CREB, BDNF, NCAM and SCF. In summary, we concluded that GSTO1 plays a mediator role in NaF-induced neurological damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University. Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University. Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China.
| | - Yufeng Gao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University. Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University. Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China
| | - Xiaofang Cheng
- College of Arts and Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University. Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China
| | - Jiarong Yang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University. Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University. Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China
| | - Yangfei Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University. Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University. Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China
| | - Huimiao Xu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University. Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University. Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China
| | - Yaya Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University. Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University. Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China
| | - Zipeng Yan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University. Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University. Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China
| | - Ram Kumar Manthari
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University. Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University. Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China
| | - Mohammad Mehdid Ommati
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University. Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China
| | - Jundong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University. Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University. Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China.
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Ye X, Qiu Y, Gao Y, Wan D, Zhu H. A Subtle Network Mediating Axon Guidance: Intrinsic Dynamic Structure of Growth Cone, Attractive and Repulsive Molecular Cues, and the Intermediate Role of Signaling Pathways. Neural Plast 2019; 2019:1719829. [PMID: 31097955 PMCID: PMC6487106 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1719829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A fundamental feature of both early nervous system development and axon regeneration is the guidance of axonal projections to their targets in order to assemble neural circuits that control behavior. In the navigation process where the nerves grow toward their targets, the growth cones, which locate at the tips of axons, sense the environment surrounding them, including varies of attractive or repulsive molecular cues, then make directional decisions to adjust their navigation journey. The turning ability of a growth cone largely depends on its highly dynamic skeleton, where actin filaments and microtubules play a very important role in its motility. In this review, we summarize some possible mechanisms underlying growth cone motility, relevant molecular cues, and signaling pathways in axon guidance of previous studies and discuss some questions regarding directions for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyue Ye
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Pharmacological Evaluation, Chongqing 400715, China
- Engineering Research Center for Chongqing Pharmaceutical Process and Quality Control, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yan Qiu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Pharmacological Evaluation, Chongqing 400715, China
- Engineering Research Center for Chongqing Pharmaceutical Process and Quality Control, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yuqing Gao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Pharmacological Evaluation, Chongqing 400715, China
- Engineering Research Center for Chongqing Pharmaceutical Process and Quality Control, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Dong Wan
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Huifeng Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Pharmacological Evaluation, Chongqing 400715, China
- Engineering Research Center for Chongqing Pharmaceutical Process and Quality Control, Chongqing 400715, China
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Strubl S, Schubert U, Kühnle A, Rebl A, Ahmadvand N, Fischer S, Preissner KT, Galuska SP. Polysialic acid is released by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) in vitro. Cell Biosci 2018; 8:64. [PMID: 30555678 PMCID: PMC6288938 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-018-0262-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sialic acids represent common terminal residues on numerous mammalian glycoconjugates, thereby influencing e.g. lumen formation in developing blood vessels. Interestingly, besides monosialylated also polysialylated glycoconjugates are produced by endothelial cells. Polysialic acid (polySia) is formed in several organs during embryonal and postnatal development influencing, for instance, cell migration processes. Furthermore, the function of cytokines like basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is modulated by polySia. Results In this study, we demonstrated that human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) also secrete polysialylated glycoconjugates. Furthermore, an interaction between polySia and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was observed. VEGF modulates like bFGF the migration of HUVEC. Since both growth factors interact with polySia, we examined, if polySia modulates the migration of HUVEC. To this end scratch assays were performed showing that the migration of HUVEC is stimulated, when polySia was degraded. Conclusions Since polySia can interact with bFGF as well as VEGF and the degradation of polySia resulted in an increased cell migration capacity in the applied scratch assay, we propose that polySia may trap these growth factors influencing their biological activity. Thus, polySia might also contribute to the fine regulation of physiological processes in endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Strubl
- 1Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Friedrichstrasse 24, 35392 Giessen, Germany.,2Department II of Internal Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Uwe Schubert
- 1Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Friedrichstrasse 24, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Andrea Kühnle
- 3Institute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Alexander Rebl
- 4Institute of Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Negah Ahmadvand
- 1Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Friedrichstrasse 24, 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Excellence Cluster Cardio Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Aulweg 130, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Silvia Fischer
- 1Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Friedrichstrasse 24, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Klaus T Preissner
- 1Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Friedrichstrasse 24, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Sebastian P Galuska
- 1Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Friedrichstrasse 24, 35392 Giessen, Germany.,3Institute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
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35
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Matsumoto I, Nakashima K, Goto-Koshino Y, Chambers JK, Tsujimoto H, Nakayama H, Uchida K. Immunohistochemical Profiling of Canine Intestinal T-Cell Lymphomas. Vet Pathol 2018; 56:50-60. [DOI: 10.1177/0300985818800015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Human enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma (EATL) is classified into 2 distinct subgroups based on their phenotypes (type I and type II). Canine intestinal T-cell lymphoma can be morphologically classified into large and small cell lymphomas (LCL and SCL, respectively). Their association with human EATL or immunohistochemical and biological features has not been well characterized. In this study, the immunohistochemical profiles of 17 cases of LCL and 33 cases of SCL were evaluated with markers used for human EATL classification. Morphologically, LCL was characterized by sheet-like proliferation of large to moderately sized neoplastic lymphocytes, with scant clear cytoplasm and pleomorphic, irregularly shaped nuclei containing distinctive nucleoli and scattered chromatin. In contrast, SCL was characterized by the proliferation of monomorphic small neoplastic lymphocytes, accompanied by infiltration of nonneoplastic plasma cells. Interestingly, 8 cases demonstrated mixed LCL and SCL morphologies. Granular cytoplasmic expression of granzyme B was observed in most LCL and SCL cases. Membranous expression of CD56 was demonstrated in only 2 of 17 LCL and 0 of 33 SCL cases. Coexpression of CD20 by neoplastic T cells was observed in more SCL cases (16/33; 48%) than LCL cases (1/17; 6%). The CD56-positive cells in 2 cases were negative for CD20. Although canine LCL shares common features with human EATL type I, canine SCL cells and human EATL type II differ in their immunophenotype. Canine intestinal T-cell lymphoma had a homogeneous immunophenotype regardless of cell morphology. The findings of this study may indicate large cell transformation of SCL rather than 2 distinct entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isao Matsumoto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ko Nakashima
- Japan Small Animal Medical Center, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yuko Goto-Koshino
- Veterinary Medical Center, Graduate school of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - James Kenn Chambers
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hajime Tsujimoto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakayama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Uchida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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36
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Chemical and biological methods for probing the structure and functions of polysialic acids. Emerg Top Life Sci 2018; 2:363-376. [DOI: 10.1042/etls20180008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Owing to its poly-anionic charge and large hydrodynamic volume, polysialic acid (polySia) attached to neural cell adhesion molecule regulates axon–axon and axon–substratum interactions and signalling, particularly, in the development of the central nervous system (CNS). Expression of polySia is spatiotemporally regulated by the action of two polysialyl transferases, namely ST8SiaII and ST8SiaIV. PolySia expression peaks during late embryonic and early post-natal period and maintained at a steady state in adulthood in neurogenic niche of the brain. Aberrant polySia expression is associated with neurological disorders and brain tumours. Investigations on the structure and functions, over the past four decades, have shed light on the physiology of polySia. This review focuses on the biological, biochemical, and chemical tools available for polySia engineering. Genetic knockouts, endo-neuraminidases that cleave polySia, antibodies, exogenous expression, and neuroblastoma cells have provided deep insights into the ability of polySia to guide migration of neuronal precursors in neonatal brain development, neuronal clustering, axonal pathway guidance, and axonal targeting. Advent of metabolic sialic acid engineering using ManNAc analogues has enabled reversible and dose-dependent modulation polySia in vitro and ex vivo. In vivo, ManNAc analogues readily engineer the sialoglycans in peripheral tissues, but show no effect in the brain. A recently developed carbohydrate-neuroactive hybrid strategy enables a non-invasive access to the brain in living animals across the blood–brain barrier. A combination of recent advances in CNS drugs and imaging with ManNAc analogues for polySia modulation would pave novel avenues for understanding intricacies of brain development and tackling the challenges of neurological disorders.
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Abstract
Lam and Chesler highlight the recent discovery of a G protein–coupled receptor involved in detecting mechanical shear stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruby M Lam
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.,Brown-National Institutes of Health Graduate Partnerships Program, Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Alexander T Chesler
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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Rasmussen KK, Falkesgaard MH, Winther M, Roed NK, Quistgaard CL, Teisen MN, Edslev SM, Petersen DL, Aljubouri A, Christensen C, Thulstrup PW, Lo Leggio L, Teilum K, Walmod PS. NCAM2 Fibronectin type-III domains form a rigid structure that binds and activates the Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8957. [PMID: 29895898 PMCID: PMC5997747 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27089-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
NCAM1 and NCAM2 have ectodomains consisting of 5 Ig domains followed by 2 membrane-proximal FnIII domains. In this study we investigate and compare the structures and functions of these FnIII domains. The NCAM1 and -2 FnIII2 domains both contain a Walker A motif. In NCAM1 binding of ATP to this motif interferes with NCAM1 binding to FGFR. We obtained a structural model of the NCAM2 FnIII2 domain by NMR spectroscopy, and by titration with an ATP analogue we show that the NCAM2 Walker A motif does not bind ATP. Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) data revealed that the NCAM2 FnIII1-2 double domain exhibits a very low degree of flexibility. Moreover, recombinant NCAM2 FnIII domains bind FGFR in vitro, and the FnIII1-2 double domain induces neurite outgrowth in a concentration-dependent manner through activation of FGFR. Several synthetic NCAM1-derived peptides induce neurite outgrowth via FGFR. Only 2 of 5 peptides derived from similar regions in NCAM2 induce neurite outgrowth, but the most potent of these peptides stimulates neurite outgrowth through FGFR-dependent activation of the Ras-MAPK pathway. These results reveal that the NCAM2 FnIII domains form a rigid structure that binds and activates FGFR in a manner related to, but different from NCAM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Krighaar Rasmussen
- Biological Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Maria Hansen Falkesgaard
- Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Malene Winther
- Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nikolaj Kulahin Roed
- Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christine Louise Quistgaard
- Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie Nygaard Teisen
- Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sofie Marie Edslev
- Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David Leander Petersen
- Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ali Aljubouri
- Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claus Christensen
- Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Waaben Thulstrup
- Biological Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Leila Lo Leggio
- Biological Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kaare Teilum
- Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Schledermann Walmod
- Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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40
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Veillon L, Fakih C, Abou-El-Hassan H, Kobeissy F, Mechref Y. Glycosylation Changes in Brain Cancer. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:51-72. [PMID: 28982002 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein glycosylation is a posttranslational modification that affects more than half of all known proteins. Glycans covalently bound to biomolecules modulate their functions by both direct interactions, such as the recognition of glycan structures by binding partners, and indirect mechanisms that contribute to the control of protein conformation, stability, and turnover. The focus of this Review is the discussion of aberrant glycosylation related to brain cancer. Altered sialylation and fucosylation of N- and O-glycans play a role in the development and progression of brain cancer. Additionally, aberrant O-glycan expression has been implicated in brain cancer. This Review also addresses the clinical potential and applications of aberrant glycosylation for the detection and treatment of brain cancer. The viable roles glycans may play in the development of brain cancer therapeutics are addressed as well as cancer-glycoproteomics and personalized medicine. Glycoprotein alterations are considered as a hallmark of cancer while high expression in body fluids represents an opportunity for cancer assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Veillon
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock Texas 79409, United States
| | - Christina Fakih
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hadi Abou-El-Hassan
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Firas Kobeissy
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Yehia Mechref
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock Texas 79409, United States
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Galuska CE, Lütteke T, Galuska SP. Is Polysialylated NCAM Not Only a Regulator during Brain Development But also during the Formation of Other Organs? BIOLOGY 2017; 6:biology6020027. [PMID: 28448440 PMCID: PMC5485474 DOI: 10.3390/biology6020027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In mammals several cell adhesion molecules are involved during the pre- and postnatal development of all organ systems. A very prominent member of this family is the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM). Interestingly, NCAM can be a target for a special form of posttranslational modification: polysialylation. Whereas nearly all extracellular proteins bear mono-sialic acid residues, only a very small group can be polysialylated. Polysialic acid is a highly negatively-charged sugar polymer and can comprise more than 90 sialic acid residues in postnatal mouse brains increasing dramatically the hydrodynamic radius of their carriers. Thus, adhesion and communication processes on cell surfaces are strongly influenced allowing, e.g., the migration of neuronal progenitor cells. In the developing brain the essential role of polysialylated NCAM has been demonstrated in many studies. In comparison to the neuronal system, however, during the formation of other organs the impact of the polysialylated form of NCAM is not well characterized and the number of studies is limited so far. This review summarizes these observations and discusses possible roles of polysialylated NCAM during the development of organs other than the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina E Galuska
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
| | - Thomas Lütteke
- ITech Progress GmbH, Donnersbergweg 4, 67059 Ludwigshafen, Germany.
| | - Sebastian P Galuska
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
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Suzuki K, Yano S, Nishiwaki K, Sano K, Shimada T, Yahagi Y, Ogasawara Y, Sugiyama K, Takahara S, Saito T, Kasama K, Minami J, Yokoyama H, Kamiyama Y, Katsube A, Masuoka H, Katori M, Machishima T, Ouchi A, Dobashi N, Kaito K, Usui N, Aiba K. Clinical significance of granule-containing myeloma cells in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Cancer Med 2016; 5:3051-3058. [PMID: 27734595 PMCID: PMC5119959 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical features and prognostic significance of myeloma cells containing granules remain unclear. The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the clinical significance of granule-containing myeloma cells in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). We retrospectively analyzed the records of 122 patients diagnosed with NDMM between January 2007 and December 2013. Granule-containing myeloma cells were defined as myeloma cells that exhibited three or more granules in their cytoplasm by May-Giemsa staining. The patients were classified into two groups, the granule-containing myeloma (GM) and nongranule-containing myeloma (non-GM) groups, depending on the proportion of myeloma cells that contained granules (cut-off value: 10%). There were 25 (20.5%) patients in the GM group. Patients in the GM group displayed significantly higher CD56 and CD49e expression than those in the non-GM group (t-test, P = 0.027 and 0.042). None of the patient characteristics differed significantly between the two groups. There was no significant difference in the chemotherapy profiles of the two groups, and the overall response rates of the two groups were similar. During the median follow-up period of 33.9 months, the overall survival (OS) in the GM group was similar to that in the non-GM group; 4-year OS of the GM and non-GM groups were 78.5% and 51.9%, respectively (P = 0.126). We concluded that cases of NDMM involving granule-containing myeloma cells are not infrequent. Moreover, CD56 and CD49e expression was significantly higher in the presence of myeloma cell populations, and the presence of granules did not affect survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhito Suzuki
- Division of Clinical Oncology/HematologyDepartment of Internal MedicineThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Shingo Yano
- Division of Clinical Oncology/HematologyDepartment of Internal MedicineThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Kaichi Nishiwaki
- Division of Clinical Oncology/HematologyDepartment of Internal MedicineThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Koji Sano
- Division of Clinical Oncology/HematologyDepartment of Internal MedicineThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Takaki Shimada
- Division of Clinical Oncology/HematologyDepartment of Internal MedicineThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Yuichi Yahagi
- Division of Clinical Oncology/HematologyDepartment of Internal MedicineThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Yoji Ogasawara
- Division of Clinical Oncology/HematologyDepartment of Internal MedicineThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Katsuki Sugiyama
- Division of Clinical Oncology/HematologyDepartment of Internal MedicineThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Shinobu Takahara
- Division of Clinical Oncology/HematologyDepartment of Internal MedicineThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Takeshi Saito
- Division of Clinical Oncology/HematologyDepartment of Internal MedicineThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Kinuyo Kasama
- Division of Clinical Oncology/HematologyDepartment of Internal MedicineThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Jiro Minami
- Division of Clinical Oncology/HematologyDepartment of Internal MedicineThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Hiroki Yokoyama
- Division of Clinical Oncology/HematologyDepartment of Internal MedicineThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Yutaro Kamiyama
- Division of Clinical Oncology/HematologyDepartment of Internal MedicineThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Atsushi Katsube
- Division of Clinical Oncology/HematologyDepartment of Internal MedicineThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Hidekazu Masuoka
- Division of Clinical Oncology/HematologyDepartment of Internal MedicineThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Mitsuji Katori
- Division of Clinical Oncology/HematologyDepartment of Internal MedicineThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Tomohito Machishima
- Division of Clinical Oncology/HematologyDepartment of Internal MedicineThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Aya Ouchi
- Division of Clinical Oncology/HematologyDepartment of Internal MedicineThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Nobuaki Dobashi
- Division of Clinical Oncology/HematologyDepartment of Internal MedicineThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Ken Kaito
- Central Clinical LaboratoryThe Jikei University HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Noriko Usui
- Division of Clinical Oncology/HematologyDepartment of Internal MedicineThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
- Division of Transfusion MedicineThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Keisuke Aiba
- Division of Clinical Oncology/HematologyDepartment of Internal MedicineThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
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Omi T, Nakazawa S, Udagawa C, Tada N, Ochiai K, Chong YH, Kato Y, Mitsui H, Gin A, Oda H, Azakami D, Tamura K, Sako T, Inagaki T, Sakamoto A, Tsutsui T, Bonkobara M, Tsuchida S, Ikemoto S. Molecular Characterization of the Cytidine Monophosphate-N-Acetylneuraminic Acid Hydroxylase (CMAH) Gene Associated with the Feline AB Blood Group System. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165000. [PMID: 27755584 PMCID: PMC5068781 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cat’s AB blood group system (blood types A, B, and AB) is of major importance in feline transfusion medicine. Type A and type B antigens are Neu5Gc and Neu5Ac, respectively, and the enzyme CMAH participating in the synthesis of Neu5Gc from Neu5Ac is associated with this cat blood group system. Rare type AB erythrocytes express both Neu5Gc and Neu5Ac. Cat serum contains naturally occurring antibodies against antigens occurring in the other blood types. To understand the molecular genetic basis of this blood group system, we investigated the distribution of AB blood group antigens, CMAH gene structure, mutation, diplotypes, and haplotypes of the cat CMAH genes. Blood-typing revealed that 734 of the cats analyzed type A (95.1%), 38 cats were type B (4.9%), and none were type AB. A family of three Ragdoll cats including two type AB cats and one type A was also used in this study. CMAH sequence analyses showed that the CMAH protein was generated from two mRNA isoforms differing in exon 1. Analyses of the nucleotide sequences of the 16 exons including the coding region of CMAH examined in the 34 type B cats and in the family of type AB cats carried the CMAH variants, and revealed multiple novel diplotypes comprising several polymorphisms. Haplotype inference, which was focused on non-synonymous SNPs revealed that eight haplotypes carried one to four mutations in CMAH, and all cats with type B (n = 34) and AB (n = 2) blood carried two alleles derived from the mutated CMAH gene. These results suggested that double haploids selected from multiple recessive alleles in the cat CMAH loci were highly associated with the expression of the Neu5Ac on erythrocyte membrane in types B and AB of the feline AB blood group system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshinori Omi
- Department of Basic Science, School of Veterinary Nursing and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Shota Nakazawa
- Department of Basic Science, School of Veterinary Nursing and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chihiro Udagawa
- Department of Basic Science, School of Veterinary Nursing and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naomi Tada
- International Institute of Small Animal Medicine (Bio Plus), AHB Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Ochiai
- Department of Basic Science, School of Veterinary Nursing and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yong Hwa Chong
- Department of Basic Science, School of Veterinary Nursing and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuiko Kato
- Department of Basic Science, School of Veterinary Nursing and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroko Mitsui
- International Institute of Small Animal Medicine (Bio Plus), AHB Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Azusa Gin
- Department of Veterinary Nursing, School of Veterinary Nursing and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitomi Oda
- Department of Veterinary Nursing, School of Veterinary Nursing and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daigo Azakami
- Department of Veterinary Nursing, School of Veterinary Nursing and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyoichi Tamura
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshinori Sako
- Department of Veterinary Nursing, School of Veterinary Nursing and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inagaki
- Department of Legal Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sakamoto
- Department of Legal Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Tsutsui
- International Institute of Small Animal Medicine (Bio Plus), AHB Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Bonkobara
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuichi Tsuchida
- Laboratory of Comparative Cellular Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigenori Ikemoto
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
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44
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Yokoi S, Sakai H, Uchida A, Uemura Y, Sato K, Tsuruoka Y, Nishio Y, Matsunawa M, Suzuki Y, Isobe Y, Kato M, Inoue Y, Hoshikawa M, Miura I. Cytogenetic Study and Analysis of Protein Expression in Plasma Cell Myeloma with t(11;14)(q13;q32): Absence of BCL6 and SOX11, and Infrequent Expression of CD20 and PAX5. J Clin Exp Hematop 2016; 55:137-43. [PMID: 26763361 DOI: 10.3960/jslrt.55.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The t(11;14)(q13;q32) translocation is the most common chromosomal translocation in plasma cell myeloma (PCM), but the cytogenetic and immunophenotypic features of PCM with t(11;14)(q13;q32) remain to be fully elucidated. To address the issue, we retrospectively analyzed 21 newly diagnosed PCM patients with the t(11;14)(q13;q32) translocation in our institute. CD20 is a B-cell-specific transmembrane protein that is the topic of much focus as a potential target in immunotherapy. We observed a low incidence of CD20 expression (2 of 21 patients, 11%), although the expression of CD20 was previously reported to be associated with t(11;14)(q13;q32). PAX5 is an essential transcriptional factor involved in B-cell development and commitment, and is down-regulated upon plasma cell differentiation. We observed one patient (6%) with expression of PAX5. The expression of CD19, CD56, and CD138 was detected in one (0.7%), nine (60%), and 13 patients (87%), respectively. Cyclin D1, CD38, and BCL2 were detected in all patients; on the other hand, neither BCL6 nor SOX11 was detected in any of the evaluated patients. Abnormalities of chromosome 13 were detected in six patients (38%), but deletion of TP53 was not observed in any of the evaluated patients. Our results suggest the absence of BCL6 and SOX11 expression, and infrequent expression of CD20, PAX5, and CD56 in PCM with t(11;14)(q13;q32), in contrast to the findings of earlier reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Yokoi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine
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45
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Mione J, Manrique C, Duhoo Y, Roman FS, Guiraudie-Capraz G. Expression of polysialyltransferases (STX and PST) in adult rat olfactory bulb after an olfactory associative discrimination task. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2016; 130:52-60. [PMID: 26844880 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2016.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal plasticity and neurogenesis occur in the adult hippocampus and in other brain structures such as the olfactory bulb and often involve the neural cell adhesion molecule NCAM. During an olfactory associative discrimination learning task, NCAM polysialylation triggers neuronal plasticity in the adult hippocampus. The PST enzyme likely modulates this polysialylation, but not STX, a second sialyltransferase. How the two polysialyltransferases are involved in the adult olfactory bulb remains unknown. We addressed this question by investigating the effect of olfactory associative learning on plasticity and neurogenesis. After a hippocampo-dependent olfactory associative task learning, we measured the expression of both PST and STX polysialyltransferases in the olfactory bulbs of adult rats using quantitative PCR. In parallel, immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate both NCAM polysialylation level and newly-born cells, with or without learning. After learning, no changes were observed neither in the expression level of PST and NCAM polysialylation, nor in STX gene expression level and newly-born cells number in the olfactory bulb.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mione
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, NICN, UMR 7259, 13344 Marseille, France
| | - C Manrique
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, FR 3512, 13331 Marseille, France
| | - Y Duhoo
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, NICN, UMR 7259, 13344 Marseille, France
| | - F S Roman
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, NICN, UMR 7259, 13344 Marseille, France
| | - G Guiraudie-Capraz
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, NICN, UMR 7259, 13344 Marseille, France.
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46
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Porrello A, Piergentili RB. Contextualizing the Genes Altered in Bladder Neoplasms in Pediatric andTeen Patients Allows Identifying Two Main Classes of Biological ProcessesInvolved and New Potential Therapeutic Targets. Curr Genomics 2016; 17:33-61. [PMID: 27013923 PMCID: PMC4780474 DOI: 10.2174/1389202916666151014222603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on bladder neoplasms in pediatric and teen patients (BNPTP) has described 21 genes, which are variously involved in this disease and are mostly responsible for deregulated cell proliferation. However, due to the limited number of publications on this subject, it is still unclear what type of relationships there are among these genes and which are the chances that, while having different molecular functions, they i) act as downstream effector genes of well-known pro- or anti- proliferative stimuli and/or interplay with biochemical pathways having oncological relevance or ii) are specific and, possibly, early biomarkers of these pathologies. A Gene Ontology (GO)-based analysis showed that these 21 genes are involved in biological processes, which can be split into two main classes: cell regulation-based and differentiation/development-based. In order to understand the involvement/overlapping with main cancer-related pathways, we performed a meta-analysis dependent on the 189 oncogenic signatures of the Molecular Signatures Database (OSMSD) curated by the Broad Institute. We generated a binary matrix with 53 gene signatures having at least one hit; this analysis i) suggests that some genes of the original list show inconsistencies and might need to be experimentally re- assessed or evaluated as biomarkers (in particular, ACTA2) and ii) allows hypothesizing that important (proto)oncogenes (E2F3, ERBB2/HER2, CCND1, WNT1, and YAP1) and (putative) tumor suppressors (BRCA1, RBBP8/CTIP, and RB1-RBL2/p130) may participate in the onset of this disease or worsen the observed phenotype, thus expanding the list of possible molecular targets for the treatment of BNPTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Porrello
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (LCCC), University of North Carolina (UNC)-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, 27599 NC, USA
| | - R. b Piergentili
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology at CNR (CNR-IBPM); Department of Biology and Biotechnologies, Sapienza – Università di Roma, Italy
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Intraventricular administration of endoneuraminidase-N facilitates ectopic migration of subventricular zone-derived neural progenitor cells into 6-OHDA lesioned striatum of mice. Exp Neurol 2015; 277:139-149. [PMID: 26724216 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2015.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Polysialic acid (PSA), a carbohydrate polymer associated with the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), plays an important role in the migration, differentiation and maturation of neuroblasts. Endoneuraminidase-N (Endo-N) can specifically cleave PSA from NCAM. The objective of the present study was to examine: the effect of Endo-N on characteristics of subventricular zone (SVZ)-derived neural progenitor cells (NPCs) in vitro; whether intraventricular administration of Endo-N could increase ectopic migration of SVZ-derived NPCs into 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned striatum, and whether migrated NPCs could differentiate into neuronal and glial cells. In in vitro study, Endo-N was found to inhibit the migration of NPCs, and to enhance the differentiation of NPCs. In in vivo study, mice sequentially received injections of 6-OHDA into the right striatum, Endo-N into the right lateral ventricle, and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) intraperitoneally. The data showed that intraventricular injections of Endo-N disorganized the normal structure of the rostral migratory stream (RMS), and drastically increased the number of BrdU-immunoreactive (IR) cells in 6-OHDA-lesioned striatum. In addition, a number of BrdU-IR cells were double labeled for doublecortin (DCX), NeuN or glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). The results suggest that interruption of neuroblast chain pathway with Endo-N facilitates ectopic migration of SVZ-derived NPCs into the lesioned striatum, and migrated NPCs can differentiate into neurons and astrocytes.
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48
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Wang F, Shi X, Qin X, Wen Z, Zhao X, Li C. Expression of CD56 in patients with adenomyosis and its correlation with dysmenorrhea. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2015; 194:101-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2015.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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49
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Yuan Y, Li D, Zhang J, Chen X, Zhang C, Ding Z, Wang L, Zhang X, Yuan J, Li Y, Kang Y, Liang G. Bridging cells of three colors with two bio-orthogonal click reactions. Chem Sci 2015; 6:6425-6431. [PMID: 28757958 PMCID: PMC5507188 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc01315a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-cell interactions play a crucial role in the development and function of multicellular organisms. To study cell-cell interactions in vitro, it is a big challenge for researchers to artificially build up cell junctions to bridge different types of cells for this purpose. Herein, by employing two orthogonal click reactions, we rationally designed four click reagents Mal-CBT, Mal-Cys, Mal-Alkyne, and Mal-N3 and successfully applied them to bridge cells of three colors. Orthogonality between these two click reactions was validated in solution and characterized with HPLC and ESI-MS analyses. After modifications of fluorescent protein-expressing prokaryotic Escherichia coli (E. coli) cells (or eukaryotic HEK 293T cells) of three colors with the reagents Mal-Cys, Mal-CBT and Mal-Alkyne, or Mal-N3 , the cells were sequentially bridged. The HEK 293T cells showed a higher efficiency of cell bridging than the E. coli cells. Finally, using optical tweezers, we quantitatively measured the bridging probability between Mal-Cys-modified and Mal-CBT-modified HEK 293 cells, as well as the rupture force between two bridged cells. We found that the CBT-Cys click reaction markedly improved the efficiency of cell bridging and the rupture force between two bridged cells was measured to be 153.8 pN at a force-loading rate of 49 pN s-1. Our results demonstrate that it is possible to use two (or n) orthogonal click reactions to bridge three (or n + 1) types of cells. Taking the biological importance of cell junctions into consideration, we anticipate that our method of bridging three types of cells with two bio-orthogonal click reactions will be a useful tool for biologists to study cell-cell interactions with more convenience and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry , Department of Chemistry , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China .
| | - Di Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale , Department of Optics and Optical Engineering , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China
| | - Jia Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry , Department of Chemistry , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China .
| | - Xianmin Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry , Department of Chemistry , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China .
| | - Chi Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale , Department of Physics , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China
| | - Zhanling Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry , Department of Chemistry , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China .
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Life Sciences , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230027 , China
| | - Xueqian Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry , Department of Chemistry , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China .
| | - Junhua Yuan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale , Department of Physics , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China
| | - Yinmei Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale , Department of Optics and Optical Engineering , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China
| | - Yanbiao Kang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry , Department of Chemistry , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China .
| | - Gaolin Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry , Department of Chemistry , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China .
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50
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Ren T, Yu S, Mao Z, Gao C. A complementary density gradient of zwitterionic polymer brushes and NCAM peptides for selectively controlling directional migration of Schwann cells. Biomaterials 2015; 56:58-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2015] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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