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Sela‐Vasiliu S, Miehl C, Huygelier H, Oren‐Suissa M, Gjorgjieva J, Gillebert CR. FENS-Kavli Network of Excellence: Mentorship during the COVID-19 pandemic: Perspectives, challenges and opportunities. Eur J Neurosci 2023; 58:4429-4437. [PMID: 35980818 PMCID: PMC9538951 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Christoph Miehl
- Computation in Neural Circuits GroupMax Planck Institute for Brain ResearchFrankfurtGermany
- School of Life SciencesTechnical University of MunichFreisingGermany
| | - Hanne Huygelier
- Department of Brain and CognitionLeuven Brain InstituteLeuvenBelgium
- Experimental PsychologyUniversity of UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | | | - Julijana Gjorgjieva
- Computation in Neural Circuits GroupMax Planck Institute for Brain ResearchFrankfurtGermany
- School of Life SciencesTechnical University of MunichFreisingGermany
| | - Celine R. Gillebert
- Department of Brain and CognitionLeuven Brain InstituteLeuvenBelgium
- Centre for Translational Psychological Research (TRACE)Hospital East‐LimbourgGenkBelgium
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Andrews MR, Kirchler C, Mosor E, Thaler K, Stamm T, Duftner C, Fritsch-Stork R. The impact of COVID-19 on rheumatology health-care workers and their scientific output: heavy lies the crown on women in rheumatology. THE LANCET. RHEUMATOLOGY 2023; 5:e434-e436. [PMID: 38251572 DOI: 10.1016/s2665-9913(23)00187-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Margaret R Andrews
- Institute for Outcomes Research, Center for Medical Data Science, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1190, Austria
| | | | - Erika Mosor
- Institute for Outcomes Research, Center for Medical Data Science, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1190, Austria
| | - Kylie Thaler
- Medical Center Landstraße of the ÖGK, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tanja Stamm
- Institute for Outcomes Research, Center for Medical Data Science, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1190, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Christina Duftner
- Clinical Division of Internal Medicine II, Medical University Innsbruck/Tirol Kliniken, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ruth Fritsch-Stork
- School of Medicine, Sigmund Freud University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Medical Center Mariahilf of the ÖGK, Vienna, Austria
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Apple R, O’Brien EC, Daraiseh NM, Xu H, Rothman RL, Linzer M, Thomas L, Roumie C. Gender and intention to leave healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic among U.S. healthcare workers: A cross sectional analysis of the HERO registry. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287428. [PMID: 37327216 PMCID: PMC10275433 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The COVID-19 pandemic stressed the healthcare field, resulting in a worker exodus at the onset and throughout the pandemic and straining healthcare systems. Female healthcare workers face unique challenges that may impact job satisfaction and retention. It is important to understand factors related to healthcare workers' intent to leave their current field. OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that female healthcare workers were more likely than male counterparts to report intention to leave. DESIGN Observational study of healthcare workers enrolled in the Healthcare Worker Exposure Response and Outcomes (HERO) registry. After baseline enrollment, two HERO 'hot topic' survey waves, in May 2021 and December 2021, ascertained intent to leave. Unique participants were included if they responded to at least one of these survey waves. SETTING HERO registry, a large national registry that captures healthcare worker and community member experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. PARTICIPANTS Registry participants self-enrolled online and represent a convenience sample predominantly composed of adult healthcare workers. EXPOSURE(S) Self-reported gender (male, female). MAIN OUTCOME Primary outcome was intention to leave (ITL), defined as having already left, actively making plans, or considering leaving healthcare or changing current healthcare field but with no active plans. Multivariable logistic regression models were performed to examine the odds of intention to leave with adjustment for key covariates. RESULTS Among 4165 responses to either May or December surveys, female gender was associated with increased odds of ITL (42.2% males versus 51.4% females reported intent to leave; aOR 1.36 [1.13, 1.63]). Nurses had 74% higher odds of ITL compared to most other health professionals. Among those who expressed ITL, three quarters reported job-related burnout as a contributor, and one third reported experience of moral injury. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Female healthcare workers had higher odds of intent to leave their healthcare field than males. Additional research is needed to examine the role of family-related stressors. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT04342806.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Apple
- Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Emily C. O’Brien
- Duke Clinical Research Institute and Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Nancy M. Daraiseh
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Haolin Xu
- Duke Clinical Research Institute and Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Russell L. Rothman
- Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Health Policy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Mark Linzer
- Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare and University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Laine Thomas
- Duke Clinical Research Institute and Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Christianne Roumie
- Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Health Policy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Veteran Administration Tennessee Valley VA Health Care System Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center (GRECC), Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
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Staniscuaski F, Machado AV, Soletti RC, Reichert F, Zandonà E, Mello-Carpes PB, Infanger C, Ludwig ZMC, de Oliveira L. Bias against parents in science hits women harder. HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCES COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 10:201. [PMID: 37192946 PMCID: PMC10159222 DOI: 10.1057/s41599-023-01722-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, parenthood remains a major driver for the reduced participation of women in the job market, where discrimination stems from people's biases against mothers, based on stereotypes and misconceptions surrounding the vision of motherhood in our society. In academia, parenthood may be perceived as negatively affecting scientists' commitment and dedication, especially women's. We conducted a survey amongst Brazilian scientists and found that mothers self-reported a higher prevalence of negative bias in their workplace when compared to fathers. The perception of a negative bias was influenced by gender and career status, but not by race, scientific field or number of children. Regarding intersections, mothers with less than 15 years of hiring reported having suffered a higher rate of negative bias against themselves. We discuss implications of these results and suggest how this negative bias should be addressed in order to promote an equitable environment that does not harm women in science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Staniscuaski
- Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Department, Biosciences Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Arthur V. Machado
- Institute of Humanities and Health, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Rossana C. Soletti
- Interdisciplinary Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Tramandai, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Reichert
- Management School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eugenia Zandonà
- Department of Ecology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Camila Infanger
- Department of Political Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Zelia M. C. Ludwig
- Physics Department, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
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Mukhopadhyay U. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on academic performance and work-life balance of women academicians. ASIAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE 2023; 51:62-70. [PMID: 35937579 PMCID: PMC9339974 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajss.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This paper explores the academic experiences of women academicians in India during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data was collected through online questionnaires from 87 women faculty members teaching in colleges and universities. Findings indicate that increased household work of women due to the pandemic and resulting lockdown has amplified their effort in executing their teaching and examination related duties, but they have ensured that their remote teaching performance has largely remained unaffected. However, the pandemic seems to have had adverse effects on research of women faculty that is likely to impinge on their future prospects of career advancement. Managing the increased demands of teaching and household work and maintaining work-life balance has been stressful for them.
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Capano G, Verzichelli L, Vicentini G. European Political Science versus the Pandemic: Patterns of Professional Adaptation. POLITICAL STUDIES REVIEW 2023; 21:63-81. [PMID: 37038604 PMCID: PMC10076962 DOI: 10.1177/14789299211052896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of the COVID-19 outbreak can be considered a potential driver of changes not only in academic disciplines but also, as most observers underline, in the teaching mission of higher education. This raises the main question of this article, that is, exactly whether and how an external shock such as COVID-19 can impact the comprehensive profile of academic disciplines. By focusing on European political science, the article assesses the differences among scholars in this community in terms of potential long-term reactions. The study, based on the outcomes of an original survey conducted among 1400 European professional political scientists (EPSs) at the end of 2020, aims at detecting the "predisposition to adaptation" of the community, by examining the attitudes revealed by EPSs during the early phase of pandemic. In this regard, we focus on the explanations of different aspects of 'professional adaptation', discussing three dimensions that seem to be present in our sample, although with very different weights: passive, proactive and innovative adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giliberto Capano
- Department of Political and Social Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Verzichelli
- Department of Social, Political and Cognitive Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giulia Vicentini
- Department of Social, Political and Cognitive Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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Soklaridis S, Black G, LeBlanc C, MacKinnon KR, Holroyd-Leduc J, Clement F, Schrewe B, Ross HJ, Calleja S, Stergiopoulos V, Taylor VH, Kuper A. Academic Productivity of Equity-Deserving Physician Scholars During COVID-19: A Scoping Review. ACADEMIC MEDICINE : JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN MEDICAL COLLEGES 2023; 98:123-135. [PMID: 36576772 PMCID: PMC9779983 DOI: 10.1097/acm.0000000000004971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The COVID-19 pandemic presented new barriers and exacerbated existing inequities for physician scholars. While COVID-19's impact on academic productivity among women has received attention, the pandemic may have posed additional challenges for scholars from a wider range of equity-deserving groups, including those who hold multiple equity-deserving identities. To examine this concern, the authors conducted a scoping review of the literature through an intersectionality lens. METHOD The authors searched peer-reviewed literature published March 1, 2020, to December 16, 2021, in Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, and PubMed. The authors excluded studies not written in English and/or outside of academic medicine. From included studies, they extracted data regarding descriptions of how COVID-19 impacted academic productivity of equity-deserving physician scholars, analyses on the pandemic's reported impact on productivity of physician scholars from equity-deserving groups, and strategies provided to reduce the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on academic productivity of physician scholars from equity-deserving groups. RESULTS Of 11,587 unique articles, 44 met inclusion criteria, including 15 nonempirical studies and 29 empirical studies (22 bibliometrics studies, 6 surveys, and 1 qualitative study). All included articles focused on the gendered impact of the pandemic on academic productivity. The majority of their recommendations focused on how to alleviate the burden of the pandemic on women, particularly those in the early stages of their career and/or with children, without consideration of scholars who hold multiple and intersecting identities from a wider range of equity-deserving groups. CONCLUSIONS Findings indicate a lack of published literature on the pandemic's impact on physician scholars from equity-deserving groups, including a lack of consideration of physician scholars who experience multiple forms of discrimination. Well-intentioned measures by academic institutions to reduce the impact on scholars may inadvertently risk reproducing and sustaining inequities that equity-deserving scholars faced during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Soklaridis
- S. Soklaridis is a senior scientist, Department of Education, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and associate professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5119-8473
| | - Georgia Black
- G. Black is a research analyst, Department of Education, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Department of Education, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Constance LeBlanc
- C. LeBlanc is professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0553-3335
| | - Kinnon R. MacKinnon
- K.R. MacKinnon is assistant professor, School of Social Work, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2039-6746
| | - Jayna Holroyd-Leduc
- J. Holroyd-Leduc is professor and head, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Fiona Clement
- F. Clement is professor, Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Brett Schrewe
- B. Schrewe is clinical assistant professor, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada; ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9743-2894
| | - Heather J. Ross
- H.J. Ross is division head of cardiology, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, and professor, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4384-3027
| | - Sabine Calleja
- S. Calleja is a librarian, Department of Education, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5297-0736
| | - Vicky Stergiopoulos
- V. Stergiopoulos is a clinician scientist, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3941-9434
| | - Valerie H. Taylor
- V.H. Taylor is professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ayelet Kuper
- A. Kuper is a scientist and associate director, Wilson Centre, University Health Network/University of Toronto, and associate professor, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6399-6958
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Cássia-Silva C, Silva Rocha B, Fernanda Liévano-Latorre L, Sobreiro MB, Diele-Viegas LM. Overcoming the gender bias in ecology and evolution: is the double-anonymized peer review an effective pathway over time? PeerJ 2023; 11:e15186. [PMID: 37065686 PMCID: PMC10100800 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Male researchers dominate scientific production in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). However, potential mechanisms to avoid this gender imbalance remain poorly explored in STEM, including ecology and evolution areas. In the last decades, changes in the peer-review process towards double-anonymized (DA) have increased among ecology and evolution (EcoEvo) journals. Using comprehensive data on articles from 18 selected EcoEvo journals with an impact factor >1, we tested the effect of the DA peer-review process in female-leading (i.e., first and senior authors) articles. We tested whether the representation of female-leading authors differs between double and single-anonymized (SA) peer-reviewed journals. Also, we tested if the adoption of the DA by previous SA journals has increased the representativeness of female-leading authors over time. We found that publications led by female authors did not differ between DA and SA journals. Moreover, female-leading articles did not increase after changes from SA to DA peer-review. Tackling female underrepresentation in science is a complex task requiring many interventions. Still, our results highlight that adopting the DA peer-review system alone could be insufficient in fostering gender equality in EcoEvo scientific publications. Ecologists and evolutionists understand how diversity is important to ecosystems' resilience in facing environmental changes. The question remaining is: why is it so difficult to promote and keep this "diversity" in addition to equity and inclusion in the academic environment? We thus argue that all scientists, mentors, and research centers must be engaged in promoting solutions to gender bias by fostering diversity, inclusion, and affirmative measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cibele Cássia-Silva
- Department of Plant Biology/Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Kunhã Asé Network of Women in Science, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Barbbara Silva Rocha
- Kunhã Asé Network of Women in Science, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- INRAE, Aix Marseille Université, UMR RECOVER, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Luisa Fernanda Liévano-Latorre
- Kunhã Asé Network of Women in Science, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- International Institute for Sustainability, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariane Brom Sobreiro
- Kunhã Asé Network of Women in Science, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Central Public Health Laboratory of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Luisa Maria Diele-Viegas
- Kunhã Asé Network of Women in Science, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Laboratory of (Bio)Diversity in the Anthropocene/Institute of Biology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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Tripathi N, Goshisht MK. Advancing Women in Chemistry: A Step Toward Gender Parity. J Chem Inf Model 2022; 62:6386-6397. [PMID: 36038822 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.2c00535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
As chemistry progressed over the years, modern society witnessed the significant contribution of women chemists. However, the persisting gender imbalance in the scientific community, attributed to improper societal norms and several other reasons, is a matter of concern. The manuscript highlights some great women chemists, such as Nobel Prize awardees, who have created history through their outstanding research work and are role models for other women. Since women continue to encounter recurring obstacles to moving forward in their area, the "leaky pipeline" of women in chemical science remains problematic. Numerous factors, including having to shoulder the labor of childcare and household work and a lack of awareness of regulations and possibilities, contribute to prejudices and the gender gap in higher-level administrative and decision-making roles. To close the gender gap and empower women chemists, we highlight some initiatives (awards, fellowships, schemes, and grants) that have been put forth by governments, organizations, foundations, companies, industries, and publishing societies. As per statistics, only 4% of female scientists have been awarded the Nobel Prize in chemistry until now. Only 35%, 22%, 14%, 26%, and 5% of women are serving as editors-in-chief, while 38%, 40%, 18%, 22%, and 21% are working as associate editors of the American Chemical Society (ACS), Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC), Wiley, Elsevier, and Springer journals, respectively. A further issue is that women receive far fewer honors in chemistry. To promote a more encouraging atmosphere for women scientists at all career phases, we listed some recommendations that research grant funders, academic institutions, publishers, and scientific organizations can follow. For gender parity, the paper sought to address the current situation of women in the chemical sciences. Women's contributions to chemistry will promote innovation and progress in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Tripathi
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Goshisht
- Department of Chemistry, Government Naveen College Tokapal, Bastar, Chhattisgarh 494442, India
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Kruuk LEB, Brosnan SF, Neiman M. Despite COVID: showcasing new research in evolutionary biology from academic care-givers in the middle of a pandemic. Proc Biol Sci 2022; 289:20222131. [PMID: 36475441 PMCID: PMC9727660 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.2131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Loeske E. B. Kruuk
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK
| | - Sarah F. Brosnan
- Departments of Psychology and Philosophy, Neuroscience Institute, Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Georgia State University, PO Box 5010, Atlanta, GA 30302-5010, USA
| | - Maurine Neiman
- Department of Biology and Department of Gender, Women's, and Sexuality Studies, Provost Faculty Fellow for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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Mesquita CT, Lacerda AGD, Urel ICDAB, Frantz EDC, Alves VDPV, Amorim LEDO, Coutinho BDA, Dalben LR, Abrantes JCDS, Veloso VD, Mello LLCD, Oliveira GMMD, Fernandes FDA. Gender Disparity in First and Senior Authorship in Brazilian Cardiology Journals. Arq Bras Cardiol 2022; 119:960-967. [PMID: 36541991 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20220058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the importance of women in clinical research, no assessment has been made of the fraction of women in a leadership positions in the Cardiology journals of the SBC. OBJECTIVES To assess the fraction of female authors in the International Journal of Cardiovascular Sciences (IJCS) and the Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia (ABC Cardiol) over the last decades. METHODS We searched the original articles of the ABC Cardiol, from 2000 to 2019, and of the IJCS, from 2010 to 2019. We surveyed the number of first and senior female authors and the total number of original articles from 2010 to 2019. We calculated the total proportion of female authorship and compared the first quinquennium with the second. Only data from the ABC Cardiol were analyzed to assess the temporal evolution of the two decades. We used the chi-square test to assess the differences within each journal and between them. The IBM® SPSS® software was used in the analyses. The level of significance adopted was 5%. RESULTS From 2010 to 2019, 1,157 original articles were published in the ABC Cardiol and 398 in the IJCS. We observed that women are more prevalent as first authors in the IJCS compared to the ABC Cardiol, but men prevail as senior authors in both journals. From 2010 to 2019, there was no significant change in the proportion of female authorship. Throughout the decades analyzed for the ABC Cardiol, there was a projection of linear growth of female authorship, with the slope of the line being greater in the first authorship than in senior authorship. CONCLUSIONS There is gender disparity, with lower female representativeness in authorship in the articles from the Brazilian Cardiology journals analyzed: Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia and International Journal of Cardiovascular Sciences. We believe that based on these results, more efforts should be implemented in the search for gender equity in the cardiology scientific production published by these journals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Tinoco Mesquita
- Universidade Federal Fluminense - Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro/EBSERH, Niterói, RJ - Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fernando de Amorim Fernandes
- Universidade Federal Fluminense - Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro/EBSERH, Niterói, RJ - Brasil.,Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ - Brasil
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Sandrone S, Ntonia I. Exploring the identity development of the budding neuroscientist at postgraduate level: a mixed-method study with perspectives from alumni and academics. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2022; 22:746. [PMID: 36307793 PMCID: PMC9615628 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-022-03758-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neuroscience represents one of the most exciting frontiers in scientific research. However, given the recency of neuroscience as a discipline, its inter- and multi-disciplinary nature, the lack of educational research on brain science training, the absence of a national or global benchmark and the numerous neuroscience subfields, the development of the academic neuroscientist identity across career stages remains obfuscated. Neuroscience is not predominantly taught at the undergraduate level but presents as a postgraduate specialism, accepting graduates from a wide range of primary disciplines. METHODS This work represents the first mixed-method study exploring the development of the neuroscientist identity at the postgraduate level at a high-ranking, research-intensive UK University. It combines responses from standardised self-efficacy and professional identity questionnaires and qualitative data from nineteen semi-structured interviews with alumni and academics. RESULTS Key findings on influences, identity transitions, curricular skills and sense of belonging have been discussed. The results obtained can be mapped against the theoretical framework proposed by Laudel and Gläser in 2008, although some minor changes to the model have been suggested. DISCUSSION Implementing active learning strategies and experiential assessments, designing mentoring opportunities and creating spaces for interaction can favour the transition from students to neuroscientists and contribute to an inclusive and diverse neuroscientific community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Sandrone
- Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Iro Ntonia
- Centre for Higher Education Research and Scholarship (CHERS), Imperial College London, London, UK
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Yáñez-Serrano AM, Aguilos M, Barbosa C, Bolaño-Ortiz TR, Carbone S, Díaz-López S, Diez S, Dominutti P, Engelhardt V, Alves EG, Pedraza J, Saturno J, Tzompa-Sosa ZA. The Latin America Early Career Earth System Scientist Network (LAECESS): addressing present and future challenges of the upcoming generations of scientists in the region. NPJ CLIMATE AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE 2022; 5:79. [PMID: 36281291 PMCID: PMC9581757 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-022-00300-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Early career (EC) Earth system scientists in the Latin America and the Caribbean region (LAC) have been facing several issues, such as limited funding opportunities, substandard scientific facilities, lack of security of tenure, and unrepresented groups equality issues. On top of this, the worsening regional environmental and climatic crises call for the need for this new generation of scientists to help to tackle these crises by increasing public awareness and research. Realizing the need to converge and step up in making a collective action to be a part of the solution, the Latin America Early Career Earth System Scientist Network (LAECESS) was created in 2016. LAECESS's primary goals are to promote regional networking, foster integrated and interdisciplinary science, organize soft skills courses and workshops, and empower Latin American EC researchers. This article is an initial step towards letting the global science community grasp the current situation and hear the early career LAC science community's perspectives. The paper also presents a series of future steps needed for better scientific and social development in the LAC region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana María Yáñez-Serrano
- IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
- CREAF, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Catalonia, Spain
- Global Ecology Unit, CREAF‐CSIC‐UAB, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Maricar Aguilos
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC USA
| | | | - Tomás Rafael Bolaño-Ortiz
- Centre for Environmental Technologies, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María (CETAM-USM), Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Samara Carbone
- Federal University of Uberlandia, Agrarian Sciences Institute, Santa Mônica, Uberlândia - MG Brasil
| | - Stephanie Díaz-López
- Centro de Ciencias Atmosféricas y Biogeoquímica, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Sebastián Diez
- Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories, University of York, Innovation Way, Heslington, York UK
- Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, Còrdoba, Argentina
| | | | - Vanessa Engelhardt
- Centro de Ciencias Atmosféricas y Biogeoquímica, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Caracas, Venezuela
- Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Eliane Gomes Alves
- Department of Biogeochemical Processes, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
- Department of Climate and Environment, National Institute of Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil
| | | | - Jorge Saturno
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig, Germany
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14
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Hipólito J, Shirai LT, Halinski R, Guidolin AS, Querino RB, Quintela ED, Pini NDSD, Pires CSS, Fontes EMG. Brazilian female researchers do not publish less despite an academic structure that deepens sex gap. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273291. [PMID: 36037224 PMCID: PMC9423670 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In the 21st century, we still need to talk about gender inequality in science. Even with the sharp growth of studies on this theme over the last decades, we are still trying to convince our peers that diversity matters and, if embraced, makes better science. Part of this drawback can be related to the need for data to support effective proposals to change the academic scenario. In order to close some of those gaps, we here analyze 1) the profile of Brazilian researchers based on production, impact, and membership to the Brazilian Academy of Sciences, 2) participation in the Editorial boards of Brazilian journals dedicated to Entomology, and, 3) the academic scenario of Brazilian Entomology focusing on the sex of the first and last authors in peer-reviewed international publications related to Entomology. We aimed to provide a deeper look on the Brazilian Entomology scenario and to expand the amount of data availability to stimulate and foster a mind-change in the current academic structure. We performed scientometric searches and analysis using different platforms and found that the number and impact of the publications by female researchers, as observed by relative numbers, are not less than that of males. Despite that, female researchers are less represented at the Brazilian Academy of Sciences and editorial boards, reinforcing the lack of women recognition in science. Thus, we observe that some narratives related to the productivity gap can be misleading to a perpetuation of our internal and structural biases. We here expanded data from a previous paper where we scrutinized the Brazilian Entomology scenario and discussed the patches and systems that maintain gender gap in science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Hipólito
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brasil
- * E-mail:
| | - Leila Teruko Shirai
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - Rosana Halinski
- Escola Politécnica, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Aline Sartori Guidolin
- Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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15
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Tatagiba LF, Custódio S. Brazilian female scientists on the move. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2022; 38:e00083322. [PMID: 35894366 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311xpt083322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sueli Custódio
- Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, São José dos Campos, Brasil
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16
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Watermeyer R, Knight C, Crick T, Borras M. 'Living at work': COVID-19, remote-working and the spatio-relational reorganisation of professional services in UK universities. HIGHER EDUCATION 2022; 85:1317-1336. [PMID: 35818407 PMCID: PMC9261218 DOI: 10.1007/s10734-022-00892-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has been the source of large-scale disruption to the work practices of university staff, across the UK and globally. This article reports the experiences of n = 4731 professional services staff (PSS) working in UK universities and their experiences of pandemic-related work disruption. It specifically focuses on a transition to remote-working as a consequence of social restrictions and campus closures, presenting both quantitative and qualitative findings that speak to the various spatio-relational impacts of PSS working at distance from university campuses. These survey findings contribute to a new narrative of work organisation in higher education which addresses the potential of remote-working as a means for boundary crossing, social connectedness and trust relationships in universities in the immediate context and strongly anticipated post-pandemic future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Watermeyer
- Present Address: School of Education, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1JA UK
| | - Cathryn Knight
- Present Address: School of Education, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1JA UK
| | - Tom Crick
- School of Education, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Mar Borras
- Manchester Institute of Education, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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17
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Tori M, Fernández-Hilario R, Maldonado Fonkén M, Wong Sato AA. Influencia de la cuarentena por COVID-19 en la investigación en biodiversidad y conservación durante el 2020 - el caso peruano. REVISTA PERUANA DE BIOLOGÍA 2022. [DOI: 10.15381/rpb.v29i2.20571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
La cuarentena fue la medida tomada por el estado peruano para enfrentar a la pandemia causada por el COVID- 19. Esta significó un retraso para casi todos los sectores, incluyendo el sector académico. Este estudio analiza las consecuencias de esta medida en el trabajo de los investigadores científicos del Perú durante el 2020, enfocándose en aquellos que trabajan en biodiversidad y conservación. Se realizó una encuesta durante los meses de julio y agosto de 2020 que fue respondida por 111 investigadores. Los resultados de la encuesta muestran que el área más afectada fue la investigación en campo por las evidentes restricciones, y el grupo más afectado fue el de las investigadoras quienes presentaron los porcentajes más altos de insatisfacción, tanto en su vida laboral como en su estado emocional. Esta investigación da a conocer la realidad del Perú, con una inversión históricamente baja en investigación y donde, con la situación económica y laboral provocada por la pandemia, el trabajo de muchos investigadores se vio restringido. Consideramos que la réplica de esta investigación en otros países de Latinoamérica podría ser de ayuda para futuras políticas a favor del trabajo científico en los países y regionalmente.
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18
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The Changes in the Daily Lives and Life Satisfaction of Female Academicians during the Pandemic Process. JOURNAL OF BASIC AND CLINICAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.30621/jbachs.1107568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The new type of coronavirus (COVID-19) disease has more serious consequences and risks by gender and plays a role in biological, socio-cultural and behavioral differences. This process is particularly severe in terms of the problems faced by women and some disadvantaged groups. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of changes in the daily lives of female academicians on life satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic process.
Methods: The sample of this descriptive study consists of 178 female academicians who have been actively working at a public university in the northeast of Turkey between Oct 1, 2020 and Feb 1, 2021. The data of the research were collected by "Personal Information Form" and "Contentment with Life Scale". Descriptive statistics (percentage, frequency, average), Pearson product-moment correlation analysis, t-test, and ANOVA test were used to evaluate the data.
Results: It was found that 83.1% of the female academicians preferred to stay at their own homes and 52.8% of them did not receive support while fulfilling their daily responsibilities during the pandemic process in which female academicians had to work and learn at home. The total score of the Contentment with Life Scale of female academicians was found to be 20.15 ± 6.95. Female academicians who participated in the study had moderate level of contentment with life. It was determined in the study that the increase in the time spent on academic development, academic studies, and themselves increased female academicians’ life contentment and was statistically significant (p˂0.05). It was found that increased time spent for housework decreased life satisfaction.
Conclusions: It was determined that professional and individual development is quite significant in increasing life satisfaction in female academicians. That strategies that can increase female academicians life contentment should be developed and women who are sensitive and need to be protected should be supported more in this situation.
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19
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Last K, Schwierzeck V, Koch CM, Becker SL, Forster J, Jazmati N, Papan C. Parenting and caregiving duties as career challenges among clinical microbiologists: a cross-sectional survey. Future Microbiol 2022; 17:589-598. [PMID: 35341325 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2021-0197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To estimate the burden of parenting and caregiving duties among clinical microbiologists in Germany and to identify workplace-related support systems and barriers to engaging in career-relevant activities. Methods: A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted. Participants were asked to answer 37 questions, of which 24 specifically addressed parenting and caregiving duties. Results: Only few workplace-related support systems are currently available, and experiences of job-related disadvantages were frequently reported (27 of 47; 57.4%). Main barriers were a lack of flexible working hours and reliable childcare. Sociocultural norms and a lack of role models were perceived as detrimental. Conclusion: More support systems and a credible culture of family friendliness are needed to prevent jeopardizing the academic potential of young parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Last
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Saarland University, Homburg, 66421, Germany
| | - Vera Schwierzeck
- Institute of Hygiene, University of Münster, Münster, 48149, Germany
| | - Christina M Koch
- Department of English and American Studies and Center for Gender Studies, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, 35032, Germany
| | - Sören L Becker
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Saarland University, Homburg, 66421, Germany
| | - Johannes Forster
- Institute of Hygiene and Microbiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
| | | | - Cihan Papan
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Saarland University, Homburg, 66421, Germany
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20
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Bauler LD, Lesciotto KM, Lackey-Cornelison W. Factors impacting the rapid transition of anatomy curricula to an online environment in response to Covid-19. ANATOMICAL SCIENCES EDUCATION 2022; 15:221-232. [PMID: 34898018 DOI: 10.1002/ase.2163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, many academic institutions had to rapidly transition education to a remote online environment. While a hurdle for most educators, this transition posed an even greater challenge for anatomy educators, many of whom were forced to depart from the traditional cadaver-based laboratory to a virtual format. Recent publications have discussed the rapid transition to online formats necessitated by Covid-19 and the accompanying difficulties, but none have identified specific factors that influenced the difficulty of this transition. Anatomy educators were surveyed to examine how this transition was accomplished and perceived. Of the 165 educators who responded, the majority utilized cadaver-based laboratory instruction. Educators felt that transitioning the laboratory portion of their courses was significantly more difficult and required more time than converting lecture materials. Factors that impacted the difficulty of the transition included a number of pedagogical aspects of the pre-Covid-19 curricula, including the delivery format of prior content, availability of pre-existing electronic materials, and the laboratory technique previously used. Additionally, the length of time an educator had been teaching prior to Covid-19 impacted their perception of difficulty, with newer and more senior educators finding this much more challenging than mid-tenure educators. Ease of transition may be related to previous exposure to curricular reform, experience with multiple anatomy pedagogies, and educator adaptability. While not surprising that converting a cadaver-based laboratory to an online format was challenging, knowledge of the alignment of this difficulty with prior educator pedagogy can help guide future innovations to anatomy education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura D Bauler
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA
| | - Kate M Lesciotto
- Department of Clinical Anatomy, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Sam Houston State University, Conroe, Texas, USA
| | - Wendy Lackey-Cornelison
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA
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21
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Sattler C, Rommel J, Chen C, García-Llorente M, Gutiérrez-Briceño I, Prager K, Reyes MF, Schröter B, Schulze C, van Bussel LG, Loft L, Matzdorf B, Kelemen E. Participatory research in times of COVID-19 and beyond: Adjusting your methodological toolkits. ONE EARTH (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2022; 5:62-73. [PMID: 35098107 PMCID: PMC8779601 DOI: 10.1016/j.oneear.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Solving grand environmental societal challenges calls for transdisciplinary and participatory methods in social-ecological research. These methods enable co-designing the research, co-producing the results, and co-creating the impacts together with concerned stakeholders. COVID-19 has had serious impacts on the choice of research methods, but reflections on recent experiences of "moving online" are still rare. In this perspective, we focus on the challenge of adjusting different participatory methods to online formats used in five transdisciplinary social-ecological research projects. The key added value of our research is the lessons learned from a comparison of the pros and cons of adjusting a broader set of methods to online formats. We conclude that combining the adjusted online approaches with well-established face-to-face formats into more inclusive hybrid approaches can enrich and diversify the pool of available methods for postpandemic research. Furthermore, a more diverse group of participants can be engaged in the research process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Sattler
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Working Group on Governance of Ecosystem Services, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Jens Rommel
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Department of Economics, Uppsala, Sweden,Corresponding author
| | - Cheng Chen
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Working Group on Governance of Ecosystem Services, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Marina García-Llorente
- Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Department of Ecology, Social-Ecological Systems Laboratory, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inés Gutiérrez-Briceño
- Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Department of Ecology, Social-Ecological Systems Laboratory, Madrid, Spain
| | - Katrin Prager
- University of Aberdeen (ABDN), School of Geosciences, Department of Geography and Environment, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Maria F. Reyes
- Wageningen University and Research (WUR), Environmental Systems Analysis, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Barbara Schröter
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Working Group on Governance of Ecosystem Services, Müncheberg, Germany,Lund University Centre for Sustainability Studies (LUCSUS), Lund, Sweden
| | - Christoph Schulze
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Working Group on Governance of Ecosystem Services, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Lenny G.J. van Bussel
- Wageningen University and Research (WUR), Environmental Systems Analysis, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Lasse Loft
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Working Group on Governance of Ecosystem Services, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Bettina Matzdorf
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Working Group on Governance of Ecosystem Services, Müncheberg, Germany,Leibniz University of Hannover (LUH), Institute for Environmental Planning, Hanover, Germany
| | - Eszter Kelemen
- Environmental Social Science Research Group (ESSRG), Budapest, Hungary
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22
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Soares R, Santiago de Mello MC, Naegele R. Impact Assessment of an Affirmative Action to Promote Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Respect in Brazilian Chemistry during the COVID-19 Pandemic. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION 2022; 99:513-518. [PMID: 37556273 PMCID: PMC8577355 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.1c00470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
In December 2019, the institutional affirmative action "Onde elas estão?" ("Where are they?") was launched for the mitigation of gender inequality in the STEM disciplines in Brazil, coincidentally in the same period which the first reports of the COVID-19 pandemic appeared in the city of Wuhan, China. Unfortunately, when evaluating the initiative through different approaches belonging to the Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Respect (DEIR) theories, the presence of implicit biases and the invisibility of underrepresented minorities was observed. Approximately 77.5% of the female scientists participating in the initiative were white and belonging to the wealthiest regions (75%) and with the greatest contribution to Brazil's Gross Domestic Product (GDP). On the other hand, Black, Indigenous, and Asian female chemists were not identified, nor were female chemists belonging to the North Region (Brazilian Amazon Region). The DEIR practice "Onde elas estão?" has an important role in the dissemination of highly qualified Brazilian female chemists and provides an important source of engagement and sense of community for future generations of female students to avoid abandoning STEM subjects. However, adjustments are needed that take into account greater Diversity, Inclusion, Equity, and Respect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Soares
- Geochemistry Program, Federal Fluminense
University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro 24020-007,
Brazil
- Environmental Institute of Rio de Janeiro
State, Rio de Janeiro 20081-312, Brazil
| | | | - Rafaela Naegele
- Environmental Institute of Rio de Janeiro
State, Rio de Janeiro 20081-312, Brazil
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23
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Tatagiba LF, Custódio S. Brazilian female scientists on the move. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/0102-311xen083322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Bratan T, Aichinger H, Brkic N, Rueter J, Apfelbacher C, Boyer L, Loss J. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on ongoing health research: an ad hoc survey among investigators in Germany. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e049086. [PMID: 34872995 PMCID: PMC8649878 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To gain insights into the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on ongoing health research projects, using projects from a selected funding programme in Germany as an example. DESIGN Online survey and validation workshop. SETTING Lockdowns and social distancing policies impact on clinical and public health research in various forms, especially if unrelated to COVID-19. Research institutions have reduced onsite activities, data are often collected remotely, and during the height of the crisis, clinical researchers were partially forced to abandon their projects in favour of front-line care. PARTICIPANTS SURVEY 120 investigators of health research projects across Germany, performed between 15 and 25 May 2020; workshop: 32 investigators, performed on 28 May 2020. RESULTS The response rate (78%) showed that the survey generated significant interest among investigators. 85 responses were included for analysis, and the majority of investigators (93%) reported that their projects were affected by the pandemic, with many (80%) stating that data collection was not possible as planned, and they could not carry out interventions as intended (67%). Other impacts were caused by staff being unavailable, for example, through child or elder care commitments or because of COVID-19 quarantine or illness. Investigators also reported that publications were delayed or not feasible at all (56%), and some experienced problems with PhD or Masters theses (18%). The majority of investigators had mitigation strategies in place such as adjustment of data collection methods using digital tools (46%) or of project implementation in general (46%), others made changes in research design or research questions (27%). CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic has severely impacted on health research projects. The main challenge is now to mitigate negative effects and to improve long-term resilience in health research. The pandemic has also acted as a driver of innovation and change, for example, by accelerating the use of digital methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Bratan
- Competence Center Emerging Technologies, Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI, Karlsruhe, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Heike Aichinger
- Competence Center Emerging Technologies, Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI, Karlsruhe, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Nicole Brkic
- Competence Center Emerging Technologies, Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI, Karlsruhe, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Jana Rueter
- Medical Sociology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christian Apfelbacher
- Institute of Social Medicine and Health Systems Research, Faculty of Medicine, Otto von Guericke Universität Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany
| | - Lisa Boyer
- Medical Sociology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Julika Loss
- Medical Sociology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
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25
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Hipólito J, Shirai LT, Halinski R, Guidolin AS, da Silva Dias Pini N, Soares Pires CS, Querino RB, Quintela ED, Gouveia Fontes EM. The Gender Gap in Brazilian Entomology: an Analysis of the Academic Scenario. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 50:859-872. [PMID: 34767178 PMCID: PMC8587496 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-021-00918-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Although women are about half of world's population, they are underrepresented in many sectors including academia and the research scenario in general. Gender gap in Entomology has been pointed out in other publications; however, data for Brazil has never been demonstrated. Here we provide a diagnosis for the Brazilian Entomology scenario in order to contribute to propositions towards disentangling the gender gap in general. We analyzed scientometric data for Brazilian Entomology focusing on gender disparity and on personal perceptions related to the gender gap through an online questionnaire. We detected a pervasive gender bias in which the scissor-shaped curve is the most representative effect of it: women were the majority in lower degree stages but the minority in higher degree stages (permanent positions and positions of prestige and power). We also observed mentorship bias and discussed these results in light of intersectionality and the COVID-19 pandemic. Gender differences were perceived differently by the questionnaire respondents considering age, gender, and parenting. With this data and analyses, we have provided elements to stimulate and support change to a healthier and more equitable academic space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Hipólito
- Instituto de Biologia, Univ Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, AM, Brazil.
| | | | - Rosana Halinski
- Escola Politécnica, Pontifícia Univ Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Aline Sartori Guidolin
- Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Univ de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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26
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Turner-McGrievy G, Halliday T, Moore JB. COVID-19 messed up my research: Insights from physical activity and nutrition translational research. TRANSLATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SPORTS MEDICINE 2021; 6. [PMID: 34693004 DOI: 10.1249/tjx.0000000000000169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic led to significant challenges in conducting physical activity and nutrition translational research. This encompassed all phases of translational research, including recruitment (e.g., lack of trust in the scientific community), assessment (university regulations restricting in-person assessments), intervention (conversion of face-to-face interventions to online formats), and retention (loss of employment, phone service, or housing among study participants). The COVID-19 pandemic has had varying impacts on research productivity as well. While some groups found the pandemic led to increases in productivity (as evidenced by increases seen in both manuscript and grant submissions), junior faculty, women (particularly caregivers), African American, Asian, and Latinx faculty, and mid-career and senior scientists all faced unique career and personal challenges during this time. This included competing demands on time that interfered with research productivity and mental and physical health stressors. Therefore, in order to ensure we retain promising scientists in the field of translational physical activity and nutrition science, it will be important to consider these challenges when it comes time to review tenure files and grant applications. Reviewers of these applications should note creativity in moving research forward, continued mentoring of students or other faculty, and plans to get back on track after a pause in their ability to conduct impactful physical activity and nutrition work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Turner-McGrievy
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC 29208
| | - Tanya Halliday
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Utah
| | - Justin B Moore
- Department of Implementation Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine
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Breen KE, Tuman M, Bertelsen CE, Sheehan M, Wylie D, Fleischut MH, Offit K, Stadler ZK, Salo-Mullen EE, Hamilton JG. Factors Influencing Patient Preferences for Telehealth Cancer Genetic Counseling During the COVID-19 Pandemic. JCO Oncol Pract 2021; 18:e462-e471. [PMID: 34652959 DOI: 10.1200/op.21.00301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE With onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, telehealth became the primary modality for health care appointments. This study examined patient experiences with and preferences for telehealth at a cancer genetic counseling clinic throughout the first 6 months of the pandemic (March-August 2020). METHODS An anonymous survey assessed patient demographics; usage and prior experience with technology; emotional responses, technical experiences, and satisfaction with the telehealth appointment (via the Genetic Counseling Satisfaction Scale and Visit-Specific Satisfaction Questionnaire); preference for future telehealth; and recommendation of telehealth to others. RESULTS Among 380 respondents, most were highly satisfied with the telehealth appointment (with 65.6% and 66.4% of participants completing the Genetic Counseling Satisfaction Scale and Visit-Specific Satisfaction Questionnaire, respectively). Multivariable analyses indicated several notable findings. Adjusting for relevant covariates, participants with less education felt significantly more concerned about telehealth than those with highest educational attainment. Participants age 40-69 years were generally more comfortable, relieved, and grateful that their appointment was scheduled as telehealth than were those older than 70 years. Women were marginally more relieved and grateful for telehealth appointments than men. As the pandemic progressed, significantly more participants were highly satisfied with their telehealth appointment and participants trended toward having greater preferences for future telehealth use. Most participants (78.6%) would recommend telehealth to others, although 50.8% preferred future in-person appointments. CONCLUSION As the pandemic progressed, patients expressed increasing preferences for and satisfaction with telehealth. Service delivery models that incorporate individual patient preferences should be developed with special consideration to factors such as age, sex, and education level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey E Breen
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Malwina Tuman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Corinna E Bertelsen
- Department of Strategy and Innovation, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Margaret Sheehan
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - David Wylie
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | - Kenneth Offit
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Zsofia K Stadler
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Erin E Salo-Mullen
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Jada G Hamilton
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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Kitano M, Keswani S, Erdahl L, Bankhead-Kendall B, Wall A, Bilimoria K, Kim E. How to Optimize Your Research During a Pandemic - A Summary of Discussions From the Association for Academic Surgery Town Hall and Lessons Learned From 2020. J Surg Res 2021; 268:244-252. [PMID: 34391203 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2021.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The year 2020 was an unprecedented year for all of us, including for the academic surgery research community. Both stay-at-home and social distancing restrictions posed challenges to our personal and professional lives. The Association for Academic Surgery held its inaugural webinar-based panel discussion titled Association for Academic Surgery Town Hall with its topic on how to optimize research during a pandemic. This article summarizes the highlights from that discussion and lessons learned from the academic surgery research community in 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mio Kitano
- Division of Surgical Oncology and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas.
| | - Sundeep Keswani
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Lillian Erdahl
- Division of Surgical Oncology and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Brittany Bankhead-Kendall
- Division of Trauma, Burns, and Critical Care, Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Anji Wall
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Karl Bilimoria
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Eugene Kim
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
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Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had far-reaching impacts in all segments of life worldwide. While a variety of surveys have assessed the impacts of the pandemic in other fields, few studies have focused on understanding the short- and long-term impacts of the pandemic for archaeology. To assess these trends, we asked survey respondents (n = 570) if they experienced job loss and to rate the percentage of change in their economic situation, workload, teaching or research activities, and personal responsibilities. Results show alarming trends, with nearly half of those who experienced job loss being under the age of 35 and women and early career archaeologists suffering major economic losses. Impacts to workload, teaching activities, and research activities were also felt across these groups. Substantial increases in personal responsibilities (childcare, eldercare, caring for sick family members) were also identified, especially for women with children under 18 years of age. While structural inequalities have already been identified across different sectors of archaeology, the results of this survey suggest the most vulnerable populations are those most heavily affected. We recommend a variety of strategies for employers, professional organizations, funding agencies, and publishers to consider in mitigating the consequences of COVID-19, especially for women and early career scholars.
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Calaza KC, Erthal FCS, Pereira MG, Macario KCD, Daflon VT, David IPA, Castro HC, Vargas MD, Martins LB, Stariolo JB, Volchan E, de Oliveira L. Facing Racism and Sexism in Science by Fighting Against Social Implicit Bias: A Latina and Black Woman's Perspective. Front Psychol 2021; 12:671481. [PMID: 34335385 PMCID: PMC8322228 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.671481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The editors of several major journals have recently asserted the importance of combating racism and sexism in science. This is especially relevant now, as the COVID-19 pandemic may have led to a widening of the gender and racial/ethnicity gaps. Implicit bias is a crucial component in this fight. Negative stereotypes that are socially constructed in a given culture are frequently associated with implicit bias (which is unconscious or not perceived). In the present article, we point to scientific evidence that shows the presence of implicit bias in the academic community, contributing to strongly damaging unconscious evaluations and judgments of individuals or groups. Additionally, we suggest several actions aimed at (1) editors and reviewers of scientific journals (2) people in positions of power within funding agencies and research institutions, and (3) members of selection committees to mitigate this effect. These recommendations are based on the experience of a group of Latinx American scientists comprising Black and Latina women, teachers, and undergraduate students who participate in women in science working group at universities in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. With this article, we hope to contribute to reflections, actions, and the development of institutional policies that enable and consolidate diversity in science and reduce disparities based on gender and race/ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin C Calaza
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Fátima C S Erthal
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mirtes G Pereira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedical Institute, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Kita C D Macario
- Department of Physics, Institute of Physics, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Verônica T Daflon
- Department of Sociology and Methodology of Social Sciences, Institute of Human Sciences and Philosophy, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Isabel P A David
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedical Institute, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Helena C Castro
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Maria D Vargas
- Chemistry Institute, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Laura B Martins
- Biomedical Institute, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Jasmin B Stariolo
- Institute of Biology, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Eliane Volchan
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leticia de Oliveira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedical Institute, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
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Erthal FS, Bastos AF, Vaccariello C, Madeira ATS, Santos TS, Stariolo JB, Oliveira L, Pereira MG, Calaza KC, Hedin-Pereira C, Volchan E. Towards diversity in science - a glance at gender disparity in the Brazilian Society of Neuroscience and Behavior (SBNeC). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 54:e11026. [PMID: 34287580 PMCID: PMC8289346 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2020e11026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Gender equity is far from being achieved in most academic institutions worldwide. Women representation in scientific leadership faces multiple obstacles. Implicit bias and stereotype threat are considered important driving forces concerning gender disparities. Negative cultural stereotypes of weak scientific performance, unrelated to true capacity, are implicitly associated with women and other social groups, influencing, without awareness, attitudes and judgments towards them. Meetings of scientific societies are the forum in which members from all stages of scientific careers are brought together. Visibility in the scientific community stems partly from presenting research as a speaker. Here, we investigated gender disparities in the Brazilian Society of Neuroscience and Behavior (SBNeC). Across the 15 mandates (1978-2020), women occupied 30% of the directory board posts, and only twice was a woman president. We evaluated six meetings held between 2010 and 2019. During this period, the membership of women outnumbered that of men in all categories. A total of 57.50% of faculty members, representing the potential pool of speakers and chairs, were female. Compared to this expected value, female speakers across the six meetings were scarce in full conferences (χ2(5)=173.54, P<0.001) and low in symposia (χ2(5)=36.92, P<0.001). Additionally, women chaired fewer symposia (χ2(5)=47.83, P<0.001). Furthermore, men-chaired symposia had significantly fewer women speakers than women-chaired symposia (χ2(1)=56.44, P<0.001). The gender disparities observed here are similar to those in other scientific societies worldwide, urging them to lead actions to pursue gender balance and diversity. Diversity leads not only to fairness but also to higher-quality science.
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Affiliation(s)
- F S Erthal
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - A F Bastos
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - C Vaccariello
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - A T S Madeira
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - T S Santos
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - J B Stariolo
- Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - L Oliveira
- Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - M G Pereira
- Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - K C Calaza
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - C Hedin-Pereira
- Vice-Presidência de Pesquisa e Coleções Biológicas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - E Volchan
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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Misra V, Safi F, Brewerton KA, Wu W, Mason R, Chan AW, Rochon PA, Lega IC, Abdel-Qadir H. Gender disparity between authors in leading medical journals during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional review. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e051224. [PMID: 34261692 PMCID: PMC8282422 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evaluate gender differences in authorship of COVID-19 articles in high-impact medical journals compared with other topics. DESIGN Cross-sectional review. DATA SOURCES Medline database. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Articles published from 1 January to 31 December 2020 in the seven leading general medical journals by impact factor. Article types included primary research, reviews, editorials and commentaries. DATA EXTRACTION Key data elements were whether the study topic was related to COVID-19 and names of the principal and the senior authors. A hierarchical approach was used to determine the likely gender of authors. Logistic regression assessed the association of study characteristics, including COVID-19 status, with authors' likely gender; this was quantified using adjusted ORs (aORs). RESULTS We included 2252 articles, of which 748 (33.2%) were COVID-19-related and 1504 (66.8%) covered other topics. A likely gender was determined for 2138 (94.9%) principal authors and 1890 (83.9%) senior authors. Men were significantly more likely to be both principal (1364 men; 63.8%) and senior (1332 men; 70.5%) authors. COVID-19-related articles were not associated with the odds of men being principal (aOR 0.99; 95% CI 0.81 to 1.21; p=0.89) or senior authors (aOR 0.96; 95% CI 0.78 to 1.19; p=0.71) relative to other topics. Articles with men as senior authors were more likely to have men as principal authors (aOR 1.49; 95% CI 1.21 to 1.83; p<0.001). Men were more likely to author articles reporting original research and those with corresponding authors based outside the USA and Europe. CONCLUSIONS Women were substantially under-represented as authors among articles in leading medical journals; this was not significantly different for COVID-19-related articles. Study limitations include potential for misclassification bias due to the name-based analysis. Results suggest that barriers to women's authorship in high-impact journals during COVID-19 are not significantly larger than barriers that preceded the pandemic and that are likely to continue beyond it. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020186702.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaidehi Misra
- Women's College Research Institute (WCRI), Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Frozan Safi
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Wei Wu
- Women's College Research Institute (WCRI), Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robin Mason
- Women's College Research Institute (WCRI), Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - An-Wen Chan
- Women's College Research Institute (WCRI), Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation (IHPME), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paula A Rochon
- Women's College Research Institute (WCRI), Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation (IHPME), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Iliana C Lega
- Women's College Research Institute (WCRI), Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Husam Abdel-Qadir
- Women's College Research Institute (WCRI), Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation (IHPME), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre (PMCC), University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Nordhues HC, Bhagra A, Stroud NN, Vencill JA, Kuhle CL. COVID-19 Gender Disparities and Mitigation Recommendations: A Narrative Review. Mayo Clin Proc 2021; 96:1907-1920. [PMID: 34218863 PMCID: PMC8057762 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2021.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has rapidly created widespread impacts on global health and the economy. Data suggest that women are less susceptible to severe illness. However, sex-disaggregated data are incomplete, leaving room for misinterpretation, and focusing only on biologic sex underestimates the gendered impact of the pandemic on women. This narrative review summarizes what is known about gender disparities during the COVID-19 pandemic and the economic, domestic, and health burdens along with overlapping vulnerabilities related to the pandemic. In addition, this review outlines recommended strategies that advocacy groups, community leaders, and policymakers should implement to mitigate the widening gender disparities related to COVID-19.
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Key Words
- covid-19, coronavirus disease 2019
- gbv, gender-based violence
- lgbtq+, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and other marginalized sexual orientations
- mhpss, mental health and psychosocial support
- or, odds ratio
- srh, sexual and reproductive health
- thb, trafficking in human beings
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah C Nordhues
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. https://twitter.com/@HannahNordhues
| | - Anjali Bhagra
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Natya N Stroud
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Jennifer A Vencill
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Carol L Kuhle
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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Harrop C, Bal V, Carpenter K, Halladay A. A lost generation? The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on early career ASD researchers. Autism Res 2021; 14:1078-1087. [PMID: 33759380 PMCID: PMC8250334 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted autism research and services. Early career researchers (ECRs) are particularly vulnerable to the impact of the pandemic on job security and career development. The goal of this study was to capture the challenges ECRs are facing during the pandemic and the supports that are needed for career development and research. ECRs were invited to complete an online survey that focused on four major areas; the impact of COVID-19 on their research; changes in productivity due to COVID-19; changes to training due to COVID-19; and current mental health. 150 ECRs were eligible and provided sufficient data for inclusion. All but one ECRs reported their research had been negatively impacted by the pandemic. Reductions in productivity were reported by 85% of ECRs. The biggest impacts included recruitment of participants, increased needs at home and personal mental health. ECRs reported a 3-fold increase in burnout, as well as increased anxiety. ECR supports, such as funding, flexibility, and tenure extensions, are required to ensure ASD research does not suffer from a "lost generation" of researchers. LAY SUMMARY: The COVID-19 pandemic has had negative impacts on research around the world. Loss of productivity impedes autism research discoveries. However, researchers in the earliest phases of their career, specifically postdoctoral fellows through individuals in assistant professor (or equivalent) positions, are particularly vulnerable to long-lasting effects of pandemic-related disruptions which may limit their ability to continue as autism researchers. This survey highlights the needs of this group and identifies mechanisms by which these early career researchers may be supported in this time. This is critical to ensure the next generation of ASD researchers and clinician scientists continue on the path to advancing understanding of autism in the decades to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare Harrop
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Allied Health ScienceChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Vanessa Bal
- Rutgers University, Graduate School of Applied and Professional PsychologyPiscatawayNew JerseyUSA
| | - Kimberly Carpenter
- Duke University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Alycia Halladay
- Autism Science FoundationScarsdaleNew YorkUSA
- Rutgers University, Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyPiscatawayNew JerseyUSA
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Staniscuaski F, Kmetzsch L, Soletti RC, Reichert F, Zandonà E, Ludwig ZMC, Lima EF, Neumann A, Schwartz IVD, Mello-Carpes PB, Tamajusuku ASK, Werneck FP, Ricachenevsky FK, Infanger C, Seixas A, Staats CC, de Oliveira L. Gender, Race and Parenthood Impact Academic Productivity During the COVID-19 Pandemic: From Survey to Action. Front Psychol 2021; 12:663252. [PMID: 34054667 DOI: 10.1101/2020.07.04.187583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is altering dynamics in academia, and people juggling remote work and domestic demands - including childcare - have felt impacts on their productivity. Female authors have faced a decrease in paper submission rates since the beginning of the pandemic period. The reasons for this decline in women's productivity need to be further investigated. Here, we analyzed the influence of gender, parenthood and race on academic productivity during the pandemic period based on a survey answered by 3,345 Brazilian academics from various knowledge areas and research institutions. Productivity was assessed by the ability to submit papers as planned and to meet deadlines during the initial period of social isolation in Brazil. The findings revealed that male academics - especially those without children - are the least affected group, whereas Black women and mothers are the most impacted groups. These impacts are likely a consequence of the well-known unequal division of domestic labor between men and women, which has been exacerbated during the pandemic. Additionally, our results highlight that racism strongly persists in academia, especially against Black women. The pandemic will have long-term effects on the career progression of the most affected groups. The results presented here are crucial for the development of actions and policies that aim to avoid further deepening the gender gap in academia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Staniscuaski
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Biosciences Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Livia Kmetzsch
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Biosciences Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rossana C Soletti
- Interdisciplinary Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Tramandaí, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Reichert
- Management School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eugenia Zandonà
- Department of Ecology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Zelia M C Ludwig
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | | | - Adriana Neumann
- Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ida V D Schwartz
- Department of Genetic, Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fernanda P Werneck
- Biodiversity Coordination, National Institute of Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Felipe K Ricachenevsky
- Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Camila Infanger
- Graduate Program in Management, Escola Superior de Propaganda e Marketing, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana Seixas
- Department of Pharmacoscience, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Charley C Staats
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Biosciences Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Staniscuaski F, Kmetzsch L, Soletti RC, Reichert F, Zandonà E, Ludwig ZMC, Lima EF, Neumann A, Schwartz IVD, Mello-Carpes PB, Tamajusuku ASK, Werneck FP, Ricachenevsky FK, Infanger C, Seixas A, Staats CC, de Oliveira L. Gender, Race and Parenthood Impact Academic Productivity During the COVID-19 Pandemic: From Survey to Action. Front Psychol 2021; 12:663252. [PMID: 34054667 PMCID: PMC8153681 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.663252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is altering dynamics in academia, and people juggling remote work and domestic demands - including childcare - have felt impacts on their productivity. Female authors have faced a decrease in paper submission rates since the beginning of the pandemic period. The reasons for this decline in women's productivity need to be further investigated. Here, we analyzed the influence of gender, parenthood and race on academic productivity during the pandemic period based on a survey answered by 3,345 Brazilian academics from various knowledge areas and research institutions. Productivity was assessed by the ability to submit papers as planned and to meet deadlines during the initial period of social isolation in Brazil. The findings revealed that male academics - especially those without children - are the least affected group, whereas Black women and mothers are the most impacted groups. These impacts are likely a consequence of the well-known unequal division of domestic labor between men and women, which has been exacerbated during the pandemic. Additionally, our results highlight that racism strongly persists in academia, especially against Black women. The pandemic will have long-term effects on the career progression of the most affected groups. The results presented here are crucial for the development of actions and policies that aim to avoid further deepening the gender gap in academia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Staniscuaski
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Biosciences Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Livia Kmetzsch
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Biosciences Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rossana C Soletti
- Interdisciplinary Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Tramandaí, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Reichert
- Management School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eugenia Zandonà
- Department of Ecology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Zelia M C Ludwig
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | | | - Adriana Neumann
- Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ida V D Schwartz
- Department of Genetic, Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fernanda P Werneck
- Biodiversity Coordination, National Institute of Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Felipe K Ricachenevsky
- Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Botany, Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Camila Infanger
- Graduate Program in Management, Escola Superior de Propaganda e Marketing, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana Seixas
- Department of Pharmacoscience, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Charley C Staats
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Biosciences Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Lerchenmüller C, Schmallenbach L, Jena AB, Lerchenmueller MJ. Longitudinal analyses of gender differences in first authorship publications related to COVID-19. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e045176. [PMID: 33820790 PMCID: PMC8025238 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Concerns have been raised that the COVID-19 pandemic has shifted research productivity to the disadvantage of women in academia, particularly in early career stages. In this study, we aimed to assess the pandemic's effect on women's COVID-19-related publishing over the first year of the pandemic. METHODS AND RESULTS We compared the gender distribution of first authorships for 42 898 publications on COVID-19 from 1 February 2020 to 31 January 2021 to 483 232 publications appearing in the same journals during the same period the year prior. We found that the gender gap-the percentage of articles on which men versus women were first authors-widened by 14 percentage points during the COVID-19 pandemic, despite many pertinent research fields showing near equal proportions of men and women first authors publishing in the same fields before the pandemic. Longitudinal analyses revealed that the significant initial expansions of the gender gap began to trend backwards to expected values over time in many fields. As women may have been differentially affected depending on their geography, we also assessed the gender distribution of first authorships grouped by countries and geographical areas. While we observed a significant reduction of the shares of women first authors in almost all countries, longitudinal analyses confirmed a resolving trend over time. CONCLUSION The reduction in women's COVID-19-related research output appears particularly concerning as many disciplines informing the response to the pandemic had near equal gender shares of first authorship in the year prior to the pandemic. The acute productivity drain with the onset of the pandemic magnifies deep-rooted obstacles on the way to gender equity in scientific contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Lerchenmüller
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center for Heart and Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Anupam B Jena
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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Chacón‐Labella J, Boakye M, Enquist BJ, Farfan‐Rios W, Gya R, Halbritter AH, Middleton SL, von Oppen J, Pastor‐Ploskonka S, Strydom T, Vandvik V, Geange SR. From a crisis to an opportunity: Eight insights for doing science in the COVID-19 era and beyond. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:3588-3596. [PMID: 33898011 PMCID: PMC8057324 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 crisis has forced researchers in Ecology to change the way we work almost overnight. Nonetheless, the pandemic has provided us with several novel components for a new way of conducting science. In this perspective piece, we summarize eight central insights that are helping us, as early career researchers, navigate the uncertainties, fears, and challenges of advancing science during the COVID-19 pandemic. We highlight how innovative, collaborative, and often Open Science-driven developments that have arisen from this crisis can form a blueprint for a community reinvention in academia. Our insights include personal approaches to managing our new reality, maintaining capacity to focus and resilience in our projects, and a variety of tools that facilitate remote collaboration. We also highlight how, at a community level, we can take advantage of online communication platforms for gaining accessibility to conferences and meetings, and for maintaining research networks and community engagement while promoting a more diverse and inclusive community. Overall, we are confident that these practices can support a more inclusive and kinder scientific culture for the longer term.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mickey Boakye
- Department of Environmental Science Policy and ManagementUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCAUSA
| | - Brian J. Enquist
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of ArizonaTucsonAZUSA
- The Santa Fe InstituteSanta FeNMUSA
| | - William Farfan‐Rios
- Center for Conservation and Sustainable DevelopmentMissouri Botanical GardenSt LouisMOUSA
- Living Earth CollaborativeWashington UniversitySt LouisMOUSA
| | - Ragnhild Gya
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Bjerknes Center for Climate ResearchBergenNorway
| | - Aud H. Halbritter
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Bjerknes Center for Climate ResearchBergenNorway
| | | | - Jonathan von Oppen
- Section for Ecoinformatics & BiodiversityDepartment of BiologyAarhus UniversityAarhus CDenmark
- Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing WorldDepartment of BiologyAarhus UniversityAarhus CDenmark
| | | | - Tanya Strydom
- Department of EcologyEnvironment and Plant SciencesStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - Vigdis Vandvik
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Bjerknes Center for Climate ResearchBergenNorway
| | - Sonya R. Geange
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Bjerknes Center for Climate ResearchBergenNorway
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Vlisides PE, Vogt KM, Pal D, Schnell E, Armstead WM, Brambrink AM, Kuo P, Nelson P, Vacas S, Goettel N, Aglio LS, Farag E, Gorji R, García PS, Koerner IP. Roadmap for Conducting Neuroscience Research in the COVID-19 Era and Beyond: Recommendations From the SNACC Research Committee. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 2021; 33:100-106. [PMID: 33660699 PMCID: PMC8310904 DOI: 10.1097/ana.0000000000000758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted many aspects of neuroscience research. At the 2020 Society of Neuroscience in Anesthesiology and Critical Care (SNACC) Annual Meeting, the SNACC Research Committee met virtually to discuss research challenges encountered during the COVID-19 pandemic along with possible strategies for facilitating research activities. These challenges and recommendations are included in this Consensus Statement. The objectives are to: (1) provide an overview of the disruptions and challenges to neuroscience research caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, and; (2) put forth a set of consensus recommendations for strengthening research sustainability during and beyond the current pandemic. Specific recommendations are highlighted for adapting laboratory and human subject study activities to optimize safety. Complementary research activities are also outlined for both laboratory and clinical researchers if specific investigations are impossible because of regulatory or societal changes. The role of virtual platforms is discussed with respect to fostering new collaborations, scheduling research meetings, and holding conferences such that scientific collaboration and exchange of ideas can continue. Our hope is for these recommendations to serve as a valuable resource for investigators in the neurosciences and other research disciplines for current and future research disruptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip E. Vlisides
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI USA
- Center for Consciousness Science, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Keith M. Vogt
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Dinesh Pal
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI USA
- Center for Consciousness Science, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Eric Schnell
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, OR USA
| | - William M. Armstead
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Ansgar M. Brambrink
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University Medical Center/New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY USA
| | - Philip Kuo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY USA
| | - Priscilla Nelson
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY USA
| | - Susana Vacas
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Nicolai Goettel
- Department of Anesthesia, Prehospital Emergency Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Linda S. Aglio
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Ehab Farag
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH USA
| | - Reza Gorji
- Department of Anesthesiology, Upstate Medical Center, Syracuse, NY USA
| | - Paul S. García
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University Medical Center/New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY USA
| | - Ines P. Koerner
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, OR USA
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Leng T, White C, Hilton J, Kucharski A, Pellis L, Stage H, Davies NG, Keeling MJ, Flasche S. The effectiveness of social bubbles as part of a Covid-19 lockdown exit strategy, a modelling study. Wellcome Open Res 2021; 5:213. [PMID: 33623826 PMCID: PMC7871360 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16164.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown, contact clustering in social bubbles may allow extending contacts beyond the household at minimal additional risk and hence has been considered as part of modified lockdown policy or a gradual lockdown exit strategy. We estimated the impact of such strategies on epidemic and mortality risk using the UK as a case study. Methods: We used an individual based model for a synthetic population similar to the UK, stratified into transmission risks from the community, within the household and from other households in the same social bubble. The base case considers a situation where non-essential shops and schools are closed, the secondary household attack rate is 20% and the initial reproduction number is 0.8. We simulate social bubble strategies (where two households form an exclusive pair) for households including children, for single occupancy households, and for all households. We test the sensitivity of results to a range of alternative model assumptions and parameters. Results: Clustering contacts outside the household into exclusive bubbles is an effective strategy of increasing contacts while limiting the associated increase in epidemic risk. In the base case, social bubbles reduced fatalities by 42% compared to an unclustered increase of contacts. We find that if all households were to form social bubbles the reproduction number would likely increase to above the epidemic threshold of R=1. Strategies allowing households with young children or single occupancy households to form social bubbles increased the reproduction number by less than 11%. The corresponding increase in mortality is proportional to the increase in the epidemic risk but is focussed in older adults irrespective of inclusion in social bubbles. Conclusions: If managed appropriately, social bubbles can be an effective way of extending contacts beyond the household while limiting the increase in epidemic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trystan Leng
- The Zeeman Institute for Systems Biology & Infectious Disease Epidemiology Research, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Connor White
- The Zeeman Institute for Systems Biology & Infectious Disease Epidemiology Research, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Joe Hilton
- The Zeeman Institute for Systems Biology & Infectious Disease Epidemiology Research, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Adam Kucharski
- Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Lorenzo Pellis
- Department of Mathematics, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Helena Stage
- Department of Mathematics, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Nicholas G. Davies
- Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | | | - Matt J. Keeling
- The Zeeman Institute for Systems Biology & Infectious Disease Epidemiology Research, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Stefan Flasche
- Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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42
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Leng T, White C, Hilton J, Kucharski A, Pellis L, Stage H, Davies NG, Keeling MJ, Flasche S. The effectiveness of social bubbles as part of a Covid-19 lockdown exit strategy, a modelling study. Wellcome Open Res 2021; 5:213. [PMID: 33623826 DOI: 10.1101/2020.06.05.20123448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown, contact clustering in social bubbles may allow extending contacts beyond the household at minimal additional risk and hence has been considered as part of modified lockdown policy or a gradual lockdown exit strategy. We estimated the impact of such strategies on epidemic and mortality risk using the UK as a case study. Methods: We used an individual based model for a synthetic population similar to the UK, stratified into transmission risks from the community, within the household and from other households in the same social bubble. The base case considers a situation where non-essential shops and schools are closed, the secondary household attack rate is 20% and the initial reproduction number is 0.8. We simulate social bubble strategies (where two households form an exclusive pair) for households including children, for single occupancy households, and for all households. We test the sensitivity of results to a range of alternative model assumptions and parameters. Results: Clustering contacts outside the household into exclusive bubbles is an effective strategy of increasing contacts while limiting the associated increase in epidemic risk. In the base case, social bubbles reduced fatalities by 42% compared to an unclustered increase of contacts. We find that if all households were to form social bubbles the reproduction number would likely increase to above the epidemic threshold of R=1. Strategies allowing households with young children or single occupancy households to form social bubbles increased the reproduction number by less than 11%. The corresponding increase in mortality is proportional to the increase in the epidemic risk but is focussed in older adults irrespective of inclusion in social bubbles. Conclusions: If managed appropriately, social bubbles can be an effective way of extending contacts beyond the household while limiting the increase in epidemic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trystan Leng
- The Zeeman Institute for Systems Biology & Infectious Disease Epidemiology Research, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Connor White
- The Zeeman Institute for Systems Biology & Infectious Disease Epidemiology Research, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Joe Hilton
- The Zeeman Institute for Systems Biology & Infectious Disease Epidemiology Research, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Adam Kucharski
- Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Lorenzo Pellis
- Department of Mathematics, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Helena Stage
- Department of Mathematics, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Nicholas G Davies
- Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Matt J Keeling
- The Zeeman Institute for Systems Biology & Infectious Disease Epidemiology Research, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Stefan Flasche
- Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Fulweiler RW, Davies SW, Biddle JF, Burgin AJ, Cooperdock EHG, Hanley TC, Kenkel CD, Marcarelli AM, Matassa CM, Mayo TL, Santiago-Vàzquez LZ, Traylor-Knowles N, Ziegler M. Rebuild the Academy: Supporting academic mothers during COVID-19 and beyond. PLoS Biol 2021; 19:e3001100. [PMID: 33690708 PMCID: PMC7942998 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The issues facing academic mothers have been discussed for decades. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is further exposing these inequalities as womxn scientists who are parenting while also engaging in a combination of academic related duties are falling behind. These inequities can be solved by investing strategically in solutions. Here we describe strategies that would ensure a more equitable academy for working mothers now and in the future. While the data are clear that mothers are being disproportionately impacted by COVID-19, many groups could benefit from these strategies. Rather than rebuilding what we once knew, let us be the architects of a new world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robinson W. Fulweiler
- Departments of Earth and Environment, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sarah W. Davies
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jennifer F. Biddle
- School of Marine Science and Policy, University of Delaware, Lewes, Delaware, United States of America
| | - Amy J. Burgin
- Department of Environmental Studies and Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Kansas Biological Survey, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Emily H. G. Cooperdock
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Torrance C. Hanley
- Marine Science Center, Northeastern University, Nahant, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Carly D. Kenkel
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Amy M. Marcarelli
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Catherine M. Matassa
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Talea L. Mayo
- Department of Mathematics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Lory Z. Santiago-Vàzquez
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Houston-Clear Lake, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Nikki Traylor-Knowles
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Maren Ziegler
- Department of Animal Ecology and Systematics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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44
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Milner GR, Howey M, Katzenberg MA. Editorial: Journal Editor Transition and COVID-19 pandemic submissions. JOURNAL OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL ARCHAEOLOGY 2021; 61:101274. [PMID: 36540863 PMCID: PMC9756568 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaa.2021.101274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
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Aubry LM, Laverty TM, Ma Z. Impacts of COVID-19 on ecology and evolutionary biology faculty in the United States. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2021; 31:e2265. [PMID: 33226725 PMCID: PMC7744888 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
We surveyed ecologists and evolutionary biologists in American universities to understand how they are coping with the COVID-19 pandemic. Female respondents, assistant professors, and those who care for at least one child or teenager, were significantly more dissatisfied with their work-life balance during this pandemic than others, and further expected these negative impacts to be long lived. Online teaching support, relaxed expectations on publications, the possibility of pausing the tenure clock, and an acknowledgment of "no business as usual" by administrators were thought to be effective policies in mitigating these negative impacts. This survey serves as a manifesto to what our professional community is currently experiencing, and should be used to inform academic policies directed at improving faculty productivity and welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise M. Aubry
- Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation BiologyColorado State University1474 Campus DeliveryFort CollinsColorado80523‐1474USA
- Graduate Degree Program in EcologyColorado State University2545 Research BlvdFort CollinsColorado80526USA
| | - Theresa M. Laverty
- Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation BiologyColorado State University1474 Campus DeliveryFort CollinsColorado80523‐1474USA
| | - Zhao Ma
- Department of Forestry and Natural ResourcesPurdue University195 Marsteller StreetWest LafayetteIndiana47907‐2033USA
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Slobodian V, Soares KD, Falaschi RL, Prado LR, Camelier P, Guedes TB, Leal LC, Hsiou AS, Del-Rio G, Costa ER, Pereira KR, D’Angiolella AB, de A. Sousa S, Diele-Viegas LM. Why we shouldn’t blame women for gender disparity in academia: perspectives of women in zoology. ZOOLOGIA 2021. [DOI: 10.3897/zoologia.38.e61968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The following letter, from a network of women zoologists, is a reply to the article of AlShebli et al. (2020), which suggests that female protégés reap more benefits when mentored by men and concludes that female mentors hinder the success of their female protégés and the quality of their impact. This contribution has two parts. First, we highlight the most relevant methodological flaws which, in our opinion, may have impacted the conclusions of AlShebli et al. (2020). Second, we discuss issues pertaining to women in science, bring a perspective of Women in Zoology and discuss how current diversity policies are positively changing our field.
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Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on animal behaviour and welfare researchers. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2021; 236:105255. [PMID: 33583984 PMCID: PMC7871892 DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2021.105255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in many changes in the way research is conducted. Some specific groups (e.g. women) and activities (e.g. teaching) may have been disproportionally affected. Our aim was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on animal behaviour and welfare researchers’ work experience and productivity, focussing on gender, care role, career stage and teaching load. An online survey asked researchers about childcare, research and teaching load and associated changes due to the pandemic, among others, and included the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and the Inventory of Socially Supportive Behaviours (ISSB). From June-July 2020, 117 completed responses were received from 28 countries. Time available for writing papers and grants either increased (36 %), decreased (31 %) or these tasks were halted completely (12 %). Perceived productivity was significantly lower for caregivers (P < 0.001) and for men as compared to women (P < 0.001); and low productivity was associated with more stress (higher PSS: P < 0.001). Respondents’ experience of the pandemic related to the PSS (b = −0.03 ± 0.02; P = 0.03) and to self-assessed personality traits (P = 0.01). The average PSS of 21 ± 6.5 was greater than the reference value of 15, and was higher when respondents had low job security (P < 0.001) and when they more strongly characterised themselves as perfectionists, hard-working, empathetic and worried (P = 0.02). Respondents who had an intense care role received most social support (P = 0.04). Teaching load increased for 25 % of the respondents but did not significantly relate to any of the response variables. Overall, caregivers and early career researchers faced the most difficulties, and personality traits had a major impact on the ability to cope with the changes caused by the pandemic.
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48
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Torres MA, Delva S, Fried EN, Gomez JA, Nguyen N, Przekop KA, Shelton EF, Stolberg KC, Wyszynski SI, Yaffa LS, Broitman S, Traniello JFA. Undergraduate behavioral biologists keep science careers in focus through pandemic challenges-but need support. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2021; 75:46. [PMID: 33558784 PMCID: PMC7858041 DOI: 10.1007/s00265-021-02988-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mila A Torres
- Department of Biology, Undergraduate Concentration in Behavioral Biology, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Stephanie Delva
- Department of Biology, Undergraduate Concentration in Behavioral Biology, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Emily N Fried
- Department of Biology, Undergraduate Concentration in Behavioral Biology, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Jacqueline A Gomez
- Department of Biology, Undergraduate Concentration in Behavioral Biology, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Nhi Nguyen
- Department of Biology, Undergraduate Concentration in Behavioral Biology, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Kylla A Przekop
- Department of Biology, Undergraduate Concentration in Behavioral Biology, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Elizabeth F Shelton
- Department of Biology, Undergraduate Concentration in Behavioral Biology, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Katelyn C Stolberg
- Department of Biology, Undergraduate Concentration in Behavioral Biology, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Sofia I Wyszynski
- Department of Biology, Undergraduate Concentration in Behavioral Biology, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Leila S Yaffa
- Department of Biology, Undergraduate Concentration in Behavioral Biology, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Shahar Broitman
- Department of Biology, Undergraduate Concentration in Behavioral Biology, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - James F A Traniello
- Department of Biology, Undergraduate Concentration in Behavioral Biology, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215 USA
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Campanella S, Arikan K, Babiloni C, Balconi M, Bertollo M, Betti V, Bianchi L, Brunovsky M, Buttinelli C, Comani S, Di Lorenzo G, Dumalin D, Escera C, Fallgatter A, Fisher D, Giordano GM, Guntekin B, Imperatori C, Ishii R, Kajosch H, Kiang M, López-Caneda E, Missonnier P, Mucci A, Olbrich S, Otte G, Perrottelli A, Pizzuti A, Pinal D, Salisbury D, Tang Y, Tisei P, Wang J, Winkler I, Yuan J, Pogarell O. Special Report on the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Clinical EEG and Research and Consensus Recommendations for the Safe Use of EEG. Clin EEG Neurosci 2021; 52:3-28. [PMID: 32975150 PMCID: PMC8121213 DOI: 10.1177/1550059420954054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The global COVID-19 pandemic has affected the economy, daily life, and mental/physical health. The latter includes the use of electroencephalography (EEG) in clinical practice and research. We report a survey of the impact of COVID-19 on the use of clinical EEG in practice and research in several countries, and the recommendations of an international panel of experts for the safe application of EEG during and after this pandemic. METHODS Fifteen clinicians from 8 different countries and 25 researchers from 13 different countries reported the impact of COVID-19 on their EEG activities, the procedures implemented in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, and precautions planned or already implemented during the reopening of EEG activities. RESULTS Of the 15 clinical centers responding, 11 reported a total stoppage of all EEG activities, while 4 reduced the number of tests per day. In research settings, all 25 laboratories reported a complete stoppage of activity, with 7 laboratories reopening to some extent since initial closure. In both settings, recommended precautions for restarting or continuing EEG recording included strict hygienic rules, social distance, and assessment for infection symptoms among staff and patients/participants. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic interfered with the use of EEG recordings in clinical practice and even more in clinical research. We suggest updated best practices to allow safe EEG recordings in both research and clinical settings. The continued use of EEG is important in those with psychiatric diseases, particularly in times of social alarm such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Campanella
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Médicale et d'Addictologie, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), CHU Brugmann-Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Belgium
| | - Kemal Arikan
- Kemal Arıkan Psychiatry Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Claudio Babiloni
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.,San Raffaele Cassino, Cassino (FR), Italy
| | - Michela Balconi
- Research Unit in Affective and Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bertollo
- BIND-Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics Center, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Viviana Betti
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Bianchi
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Ingegneria Informatica (DICII), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Martin Brunovsky
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany Czech Republic.,Third Medical Faculty, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Carla Buttinelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Public Health and Sense Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Comani
- BIND-Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics Center, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giorgio Di Lorenzo
- Laboratory of Psychophysiology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Chair of Psychiatry, Department of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniel Dumalin
- AZ Sint-Jan Brugge-Oostende AV, Campus Henri Serruys, Lab of Neurophysiology, Department Neurology-Psychiatry, Ostend, Belgium
| | - Carles Escera
- Brainlab-Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andreas Fallgatter
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Tübingen, Germany; LEAD Graduate School and Training Center, Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases DZNE, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Derek Fisher
- Department of Psychology, Mount Saint Vincent University, and Department of Psychiatry, Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | | | - Bahar Guntekin
- Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Claudio Imperatori
- Cognitive and Clinical Psychology Laboratory, Department of Human Science, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ryouhei Ishii
- Department of Psychiatry Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hendrik Kajosch
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Médicale et d'Addictologie, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), CHU Brugmann-Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Belgium
| | - Michael Kiang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eduardo López-Caneda
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, Center for Research in Psychology, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Pascal Missonnier
- Mental Health Network Fribourg (RFSM), Sector of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy for Adults, Marsens, Switzerland
| | - Armida Mucci
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Sebastian Olbrich
- Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Department for Psychiatry, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Andrea Perrottelli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pizzuti
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Pinal
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, Center for Research in Psychology, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Dean Salisbury
- Clinical Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yingying Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Paolo Tisei
- Department of Neurosciences, Public Health and Sense Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Jijun Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Istvan Winkler
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jiajin Yuan
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Oliver Pogarell
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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50
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Demkowicz O, Panayiotou M, Parsons S, Feltham A, Arseneault L, Ingram B, Patalay P, Edge D, Pierce M, Creswell C, Victor C, O'Connor RC, Qualter P. Looking Back to Move Forward: Reflections on the Strengths and Challenges of the COVID-19 UK Mental Health Research Response. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:622562. [PMID: 33897488 PMCID: PMC8060503 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.622562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, the swift response of mental health research funders and institutions, service providers, and academics enabled progress toward understanding the mental health consequences. Nevertheless, there remains an urgent need to understand the true extent of the short- and long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health, necessitating ongoing research. Although the speed with which mental health researchers have mobilized to respond to the pandemic so far is to be commended, there are valid concerns as to whether speed may have compromised the quality of our work. As the pandemic continues to evolve, we must take time to reflect on our initial research response and collectively consider how we can use this to strengthen ensuing COVID-19 mental health research and our response to future crises. Here, we offer our reflections as members of the UK mental health research community to discuss the continuing progress and persisting challenges of our COVID-19 response, which we hope can encourage reflection and discussion among the wider research community. We conclude that (1) Fragmentation in our infrastructure has challenged the efficient, effective and equitable deployment of resources, (2) In responding quickly, we may have overlooked the role of experts by experience, (3) Robust and open methods may have been compromised by speedy responses, and (4) This pandemic may exacerbate existing issues of inequality in our workforce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola Demkowicz
- Manchester Institute of Education, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Margarita Panayiotou
- Manchester Institute of Education, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sam Parsons
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Amy Feltham
- Independent Researcher, London, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Arseneault
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Praveetha Patalay
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies and Medical Research Council Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dawn Edge
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Greater Manchester Mental Health Trust (GMMH) National Health Service Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Matthias Pierce
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,The Manchester Centre for Women's Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Cathy Creswell
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Christina Victor
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rory C O'Connor
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Pamela Qualter
- Manchester Institute of Education, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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