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Marçal IR, Vidal-Almela S, Blanchard C, Prince SA, Way KL, Reed JL. Sex Differences in Physical Activity Levels and Sitting Time in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev 2024:01273116-990000000-00149. [PMID: 38836648 DOI: 10.1097/hcr.0000000000000867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE While research demonstrates low levels of physical activity (PA) among adults living with atrial fibrillation (AF), there is limited evidence investigating sex differences in moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time in this population. The primary aim was to examine sex differences in MVPA levels and sitting time between women and men with AF. Secondary aims explored sex differences in sociodemographic factors, outcome expectations, and task self-efficacy toward PA levels. METHODS This was a subanalysis of the CHAMPLAIN-AF cohort study. Women and men with AF completed a survey, including the Short-Form International Physical Activity Questionnaire. RESULTS A total of 210 women (median = 66.0 yr: 95% CI, 63.5-68.0) and 409 men (median = 66.0 yr: 95% CI, 64.0-67.0) were included. No sex differences were observed in median weekly MVPA (60 min/wk: 95% CI, 0-120 in women vs 120 min/wk: 95% CI, 85-150 in men) and daily sitting time (5.5 hr/d: 95% CI, 5.0-6.0 in women vs 6.0 hr/d: 95% CI, 5.0-6.0 in men). Women engaged in significantly less vigorous-intensity PA than men (P = .03) and demonstrated significantly lower task self-efficacy (P < .01). Significant positive correlations in PA levels with outcome expectations (mostly weak) and task self-efficacy (mostly strong) were observed in both sexes. CONCLUSION Most women and men with AF did not meet the global MVPA guidelines but met the sitting time recommendation. Women presented with lower vigorous-intensity physical activity levels and confidence than men. Strategies to increase physical activity behavior, considering sociodemographic factors and task self-efficacy, are needed and may differ between sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela R Marçal
- Author Affiliations: Exercise Physiology and Cardiovascular Health Laboratory, Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, (Mss Marçal and Vidal-Almela, and Drs Way and Reed); Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, (Ms Marçal and Dr Reed); Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada (Dr Blanchard); Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Canada (Dr Prince); Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia (Dr Way); and Faculty of Medicine, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (Dr Reed)
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O'Donovan G, Petermann-Rocha F, Ferrari G, Lee IM, Hamer M, Stamatakis E, Sarmiento OL, Ibáñez A, Lopez-Jaramillo P. Associations of the 'weekend warrior' physical activity pattern with all-cause, cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality: the Mexico City Prospective Study. Br J Sports Med 2024; 58:359-365. [PMID: 38302280 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2023-107612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective was to investigate the benefits of the 'weekend warrior' physical activity pattern in Latin America, where many people take part in high levels of non-exercise physical activity. METHODS Participants in the Mexico City Prospective Study were surveyed from 1998 to 2004 and resurveyed from 2015 to 2019. Those who exercised up to once or twice per week were termed weekend warriors. Those who exercised more often were termed regularly active. Analyses were adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS The main analysis included 26 006 deaths in 154 882 adults (67% female) aged 52±13 years followed for 18±4 years (mean±SD). Compared with those who reported no exercise, the HR (95% CI) was 0.88 (0.83 to 0.93) in the weekend warriors and 0.88 (0.84 to 0.91) in the regularly active. Similar results were observed for cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality, but associations were weaker. Stratified analyses showed that substantial reductions in all-cause mortality risk only occurred when the duration of exercise sessions was at least 30-60 min. The repeated-measures analysis included 843 deaths in 10 023 adults followed for 20±2 years. Compared with being inactive or becoming inactive, the HR was 0.86 (95% CI 0.65 to 1.12) when being a weekend warrior or becoming a weekend warrior and 0.85 (95% CI 0.70 to 1.03) when being regularly active or becoming regularly active. CONCLUSIONS This is the first prospective study to investigate the benefits of the weekend warrior physical activity pattern in Latin America. The results suggest that even busy adults could benefit from taking part in one or two sessions of exercise per week.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary O'Donovan
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
- Instituto Masira, Universidad de Santander (UDES), Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Fanny Petermann-Rocha
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Gerson Ferrari
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago, Chile
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - I-Min Lee
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark Hamer
- Institute Sport Exercise Health, Division Surgery Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Emmanuel Stamatakis
- Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Olga L Sarmiento
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Agustín Ibáñez
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
- Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center (CNC) and CONICET, Universidad de San Andrés, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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McMahon SK, Lewis BA, Guan W, Wang Q, Hayes SM, Wyman JF, Rothman AJ. Effect of Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Behavior Change Strategies on Physical Activity Among Older Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e240298. [PMID: 38421648 PMCID: PMC10905305 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.0298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Despite guidelines that recommend physical activity (PA), little is known about which types of behavior change strategies (BCSs) effectively promote sustained increases in PA in older adults who are insufficiently active. Objective To determine whether intrapersonal BCSs (eg, goal setting) or interpersonal BCSs (eg, peer-to-peer sharing or learning) combined with the Otago Exercise Program (17 strength and balance exercises and a walking program that are learned and individually tailored, with instruction to perform 3 times per week at home or location of choice) and a wearable PA monitor help older adults sustain increases in their PA. Design, Setting, and Participants This 2 × 2 factorial randomized clinical trial (Community-Based Intervention Effects on Older Adults' Physical Activity) of community-dwelling older adults 70 years or older with PA levels below minimum national PA guidelines was conducted in urban community centers. Dates of enrollment were from November 17, 2017, to June 15, 2021, with final follow-up assessments completed on September 2, 2022. Interventions Participants were randomized to intrapersonal (eg, goal setting) BCSs, interpersonal (eg, problem-solving with peer-to-peer sharing and learning) BCSs, intrapersonal and interpersonal BCSs, or an attention control group. All interventions included a PA monitor and 8 weekly small-group meetings with discussion, practice, and instructions to implement the exercise program and relevant BCSs independently between meetings and after the intervention. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was daily minutes of objectively measured total PA (light, moderate, or vigorous intensities) averaged over 7 to 10 days, measured at baseline and after the intervention at 1 week, 6 months, and 12 months. Results Among 309 participants (mean [SD] age, 77.4 [5.0] years; 240 women [77.7%]), 305 (98.7%) completed the intervention, and 302 (97.7%) had complete data. Participants receiving PA interventions with interpersonal BCS components exhibited greater increases in total PA than did those who did not at 1 week (204 vs 177 PA minutes per day; adjusted difference, 27.1 [95% CI, 17.2-37.0]; P < .001), 6 months (195 vs 175 PA minutes per day; adjusted difference, 20.8 [95% CI, 10.0-31.6]; P < .001), and 12 months (195 vs 168 PA minutes per day; adjusted difference, 27.5 [95% CI, 16.2-38.8]; P < .001) after the intervention. Compared with participants who did not receive interventions with intrapersonal BCS components, participants who received intrapersonal BCSs exhibited no significant changes in total PA at 1 week (192 vs 190 PA minutes per day; adjusted difference, 1.8 [95% CI, -8.6 to 12.2]; P = .73), 6 months (183 vs 187 PA minutes per day; adjusted difference, -3.9 [95% CI, -15.0 to 7.1]; P = .49), or 12 months (177 vs 186 PA minutes per day; adjusted difference, -8.8 [95% CI, -20.5 to 2.9]; P = .14) after the intervention. Interactions between intrapersonal and interpersonal BCSs were not significant. Conclusions and Relevance In this randomized clinical trial, older adults with low levels of PA who received interpersonal BCSs, the exercise program, and a PA monitor exhibited significant increases in their PA for up to 12 months after the intervention. Intrapersonal BCSs elicited no significant PA changes and did not interact with interpersonal BCSs. Our findings suggest that because effects of a PA intervention on sustained increases in older adults' PA were augmented with interpersonal but not intrapersonal BCSs, approaches to disseminating and implementing the intervention should be considered. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03326141.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Beth A. Lewis
- School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Weihua Guan
- School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | | | - Jean F. Wyman
- School of Nursing, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
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Vähä-Ypyä H, Husu P, Vasankari T, Sievänen H. Floating Epoch Length Improves the Accuracy of Accelerometry-Based Estimation of Coincident Oxygen Consumption. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 24:76. [PMID: 38202938 PMCID: PMC10780720 DOI: 10.3390/s24010076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Estimation of oxygen consumption (VO2) from accelerometer data is typically based on prediction equations developed in laboratory settings using steadily paced and controlled test activities. These equations may not capture the temporary changes in VO2 occurring in sporadic real-life physical activity. In this study, we introduced a novel floating epoch for accelerometer data analysis and hypothesized that an adaptive epoch length provides a more consistent estimation of VO2 in irregular activity conditions than a 6 s constant epoch. Two different activity tests were conducted: a progressive constant-speed test (CS) performed on a track and a 6 min back-and-forth walk test including accelerations and decelerations (AC/DC) performed as fast as possible. Twenty-nine adults performed the CS test, and sixty-one performed the AC/DC test. The data were collected using hip-worn accelerometers and a portable metabolic gas analyzer. General linear models were employed to create the prediction models for VO2 that were cross-validated using both data sets and epoch types as training and validation sets. The prediction equations based on the CS test or AC/DC test and 6 s epoch had excellent performance (R2 = 89%) for the CS test but poor performance for the AC/DC test (31%). Only the VO2 prediction equation based on the AC/DC test and the floating epoch had good performance (78%) for both tests. The overall accuracy of VO2 prediction is compromised with the constant length epoch, whereas the prediction model based on irregular acceleration data analyzed with a floating epoch provided consistent performance for both activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henri Vähä-Ypyä
- The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, 33500 Tampere, Finland; (H.V.-Y.); (P.H.); (T.V.)
| | - Pauliina Husu
- The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, 33500 Tampere, Finland; (H.V.-Y.); (P.H.); (T.V.)
| | - Tommi Vasankari
- The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, 33500 Tampere, Finland; (H.V.-Y.); (P.H.); (T.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Harri Sievänen
- The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, 33500 Tampere, Finland; (H.V.-Y.); (P.H.); (T.V.)
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Kongsvold A, Flaaten M, Logacjov A, Skarpsno ES, Bach K, Nilsen TIL, Mork PJ. Can the bias of self-reported sitting time be corrected? A statistical model validation study based on data from 23 993 adults in the Norwegian HUNT study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:139. [PMID: 38012746 PMCID: PMC10680356 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01541-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite apparent shortcomings such as measurement error and low precision, self-reported sedentary time is still widely used in surveillance and research. The aim of this study was threefold; (i) to examine the agreement between self-reported and device-measured sitting time in a general adult population; (ii), to examine to what extent demographics, lifestyle factors, long-term health conditions, physical work demands, and educational level is associated with measurement bias; and (iii), to explore whether correcting for factors associated with bias improves the prediction of device-measured sitting time based on self-reported sitting time. METHODS A statistical validation model study based on data from 23 993 adults in the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT4), Norway. Participants reported usual sitting time on weekdays using a single-item questionnaire and wore two AX3 tri-axial accelerometers on the thigh and low back for an average of 3.8 (standard deviation [SD] 0.7, range 1-5) weekdays to determine their sitting time. Statistical validation was performed by iteratively adding all possible combinations of factors associated with bias between self-reported and device-measured sitting time in a multivariate linear regression. We randomly selected 2/3 of the data (n = 15 995) for model development and used the remaining 1/3 (n = 7 998) to evaluate the model. RESULTS Mean (SD) self-reported and device-measured sitting time were 6.8 (2.9) h/day and 8.6 (2.2) h/day, respectively, corresponding to a mean difference of 1.8 (3.1) h/day. Limits of agreement ranged from - 8.0 h/day to 4.4 h/day. The discrepancy between the measurements was characterized by a proportional bias with participants device-measured to sit less overestimating their sitting time and participants device-measured to sit more underestimating their sitting time. The crude explained variance of device-measured sitting time based on self-reported sitting time was 10%. This improved to 24% when adding age, body mass index and physical work demands to the model. Adding sex, lifestyle factors, educational level, and long-term health conditions to the model did not improve the explained variance. CONCLUSIONS Self-reported sitting time had low validity and including a range of factors associated with bias in self-reported sitting time only marginally improved the prediction of device-measured sitting time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atle Kongsvold
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Mats Flaaten
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Aleksej Logacjov
- Department of Computer Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Eivind Schjelderup Skarpsno
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kerstin Bach
- Department of Computer Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tom Ivar Lund Nilsen
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Paul Jarle Mork
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
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Crowley P, Kildedal R, Vindelev SO, Jacobsen SS, Larsen JR, Johansson PJ, Aadahl M, Straker L, Stamatakis E, Holtermann A, Mork PJ, Gupta N. A Novel System for the Device-Based Measurement of Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Sleep (Motus): Usability Evaluation. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e48209. [PMID: 37976096 PMCID: PMC10692873 DOI: 10.2196/48209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Device-based measurements of physical behavior, using the current methods, place a large burden on participants. The Motus system could reduce this burden by removing the necessity for in-person meetings, replacing diaries written on paper with digital diaries, and increasing the automation of feedback generation. OBJECTIVE This study aims to describe the development of the Motus system and evaluate its potential to reduce participant burden in a two-phase usability evaluation. METHODS Motus was developed around (1) a thigh-worn accelerometer with Bluetooth data transfer; (2) a smartphone app containing an attachment guide, a digital diary, and facilitating automated data transfer; (3) a cloud infrastructure for data storage; (4) an analysis software to generate feedback for participants; and (5) a web-based app for administrators. We recruited 19 adults with a mean age of 45 (SD 11; range 27-63) years, of which 11 were female, to assist in the two-phase evaluation of Motus. A total of 7 participants evaluated the usability of mockups for a smartphone app in phase 1. Participants interacted with the app while thinking aloud, and any issues raised were classified as critical, serious, or minor by observers. This information was used to create an improved and functional smartphone app for evaluation in phase 2. A total of 12 participants completed a 7-day free-living measurement with Motus in phase 2. On day 1, participants attempted 20 system-related tasks under observation, including registration on the study web page, reading the information letter, downloading and navigating the smartphone app, attaching an accelerometer on the thigh, and completing a diary entry for both work and sleep hours. Task completion success and any issues encountered were noted by the observer. On completion of the 7-day measurement, participants provided a rating from 0 to 100 on the System Usability Scale and participated in a semistructured interview aimed at understanding their experience in more detail. RESULTS The task completion rate for the 20 tasks was 100% for 13 tasks, >80% for 4 tasks, and <50% for 3 tasks. The average rating of system usability was 86 on a 0-100 scale. Thematic analysis indicated that participants perceived the system as easy to use and remember, and subjectively pleasing overall. Participants with shift work reported difficulty with entering sleep hours, and 66% (8/12) of the participants experienced slow data transfer between the app and the cloud infrastructure. Finally, a few participants desired a greater degree of detail in the generated feedback. CONCLUSIONS Our two-phase usability evaluation indicated that the overall usability of the Motus system is high in free-living. Issues around the system's slow data transfer, participants with atypical work shifts, and the degree of automation and detail of generated feedback should be addressed in future iterations of the Motus system. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR2-10.2196/35697.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Crowley
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rasmus Kildedal
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Jon Roslyng Larsen
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter J Johansson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mette Aadahl
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Leon Straker
- School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Emmanuel Stamatakis
- Charles Perkins Centre, Mackenzie Wearables Research Hub, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Andreas Holtermann
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Paul Jarle Mork
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Nidhi Gupta
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Liang JH, Huang S, Pu YQ, Zhao Y, Chen YC, Jiang N, Liu ML, Bao WW, Zhang YS, Hu LX, Kakaer A, Huang SY, Pu XY, Chen YJ. Whether weekend warrior activity and other leisure-time physical activity pattern reduce the risk of depression symptom in the representative adults? A population-based analysis of NHANES 2007-2020. J Affect Disord 2023; 340:329-339. [PMID: 37543116 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.07.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rapid pace of life nowadays has seen a gradual increase in public involvement in weekend warrior (WW), a physical activity (PA) pattern that allows people to exercise once or twice a week, the recommended moderate-to-vigorous PA per week, since regular PA takes much time. We aim at exploring the effect of WW activity and other PA patterns on depression symptoms in U.S adults. METHODS The level of PA was measured by self-reporting activity patterns, (inactive, insufficiently active, WW and regularly active). Participants with Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scores above 10 are considered to have depression symptoms. RESULTS A weighted sample of 23,258 participants representing 1049.8 million non-institutionalized U.S adults aged from 20 to 80. Compared with the inactive group, general adults who met the PA guidelines with PA once or twice per week [WW, adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.790, 95%CI: 0.638, 0.987] or more frequent PA [Regularly active, (AOR = 0.761, 95%CI: 0.671, 0.864)], were inversely associated with depression symptoms, while the association has not been observed in adults with insufficiently active PA (AOR = 0.892, 95%CI: 0.783, 1.017). Increase in minutes, sessions and intensity of PA in regularly active and WW groups brought additional benefits for depression symptoms. CONCLUSION WW and other equivalent PA intensities patterns may be sufficient to reduce the risk of depression symptom. With the same recommended levels of PA, whether spread over the week or done in fewer days, adults may achieve the same benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Hong Liang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shan Huang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ying-Qi Pu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yi-Can Chen
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Mei-Ling Liu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wen-Wen Bao
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yu-Shan Zhang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Li-Xin Hu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Aerziguli Kakaer
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shao-Yi Huang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xue-Ya Pu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ya-Jun Chen
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Webel AR, Davey CH, Oliveira V, Cleveland D, Crane HM, Gripshover BM, Long DM, Fleming JG, Buford TW, Willig AL. Physical activity is associated with adiposity in older adults with HIV in the modern HIV era. AIDS 2023; 37:1819-1826. [PMID: 37382891 PMCID: PMC10527629 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES People with HIV (PWH) are aging and are experiencing higher rates of abdominal adiposity. Physical activity is an effective nonpharmacological strategy to reduce adiposity in the general aging population. Yet, the relationship between physical activity and adiposity in people with well controlled HIV is unclear. Our objective was to describe the association between objectively-measured physical activity and abdominal adiposity in PWH. METHODS As part of the multisite, observational PROSPER-HIV study, virologically suppressed, adult PWH wore an Actigraph accelerometer for 7-10 days and completed duplicate waist and hip circumference measures. Demographic and medical characteristics were abstracted from the CFAR Network of Integrated Clinical Systems dataset. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regressions were used to analyze the data. RESULTS On average, our 419 PWH were 58 years of age [interquartile range (IQR): 50, 64], male (77%), Black (54%), and currently taking an integrase inhibitor (78%). PWH completed a mean of 7.06 (±2.74) days of total actigraphy wear time. They took an average of 4905 (3233, 7140) steps per day and engaged in 5.4 h of sedentary time per day. Controlling for age, sex, employment and integrase inhibitor use, the number of steps taken per day was associated with reduced abdominal adiposity ( F = 3.27; P < 0.001) and the hours of daily sedentary time was associated with increased abdominal adiposity ( F = 3.24; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Greater physical activity is associated with reduced abdominal adiposity in aging PWH. Future work should investigate how to tailor the amount, type and intensity of physical activity needed to reduce adiposity in PWH taking contemporary HIV medication. REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03790501.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison R Webel
- University of Washington School of Nursing, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Vitor Oliveira
- University of Washington School of Nursing, Seattle, Washington
| | - Dave Cleveland
- University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Center for AIDS Research, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Heidi M Crane
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Dustin M Long
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | | | - Thomas W Buford
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Amanda L Willig
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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9
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Christiansen LB, Koch S, Bauman A, Toftager M, Bjørk Petersen C, Schipperijn J. Device-based physical activity measures for population surveillance-issues of selection bias and reactivity. Front Sports Act Living 2023; 5:1236870. [PMID: 37614413 PMCID: PMC10442809 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2023.1236870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Device-based measurement in physical activity surveillance is increasing, but research design choices could increase the risk of self-selection bias and reactive behaviour. The aim of this study is to compare the self-reported physical activity profiles of four different samples: participants in a large national survey, participants in a telephone-based survey of non-responders, participants in the large national survey who accepted the invitation to device-based measuring, and the same sample during the week of monitoring. Methods In October 2020, 163,133 Danish adults participated in a national survey and of those 39,480 signed up for device-based measurements. A balanced random sample (n = 3,750) was invited to wear an accelerometer of whom 1,525 accepted the invitation. Additionally, a short telephone-based survey on 829 non-responders to the national survey was conducted. Sociodemographic characteristics and self-reported weekly frequencies of physical activity across four domains are compared. Results The participants in the national survey were older, more often female, and more often not working. Participants in the telephone-based survey were younger, more often doing unskilled work, and were more often active at home and at work. The participants in the device-based sample were more often active during transport and leisure in the national survey, and participants categorized in the most active category increased during the week of monitoring from 29.0% to 60.7% and from 58.5% to 81.7% for active transport and leisure activities, respectively. Conclusion Recruiting a population representative sample for device-based measurement of physical activity is challenging, and there is a substantial risk of sample selection bias and measurement reactivity. Further research in this area is needed if device-based measures should be considered for population physical activity surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Breum Christiansen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Sofie Koch
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Adrian Bauman
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mette Toftager
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Christina Bjørk Petersen
- National Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jasper Schipperijn
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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10
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Phillips SM, Summerbell C, Hesketh KR, Saxena S, Hillier-Brown FC. Co-design and content validity of the movement measurement in the early years (MoveMEY) tool for assessing movement behaviour of pre-school aged children. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:95. [PMID: 37542295 PMCID: PMC10401865 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01486-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Movement behaviours (physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep) are important for pre-school children's health and development. Currently, no tools with appropriate content validity exist that concurrently capture these movement behaviours in young children. The aim of this study was to co-design and assess the content validity of a novel tool to concurrently measure movement behaviours in pre-school aged children (aged 3-4 years). METHODS We followed four distinct steps to develop and assess the content validity of Movement Measurement in the Early Years (MoveMEY): (1) We conducted an extensive literature search, to identify pre-existing proxy measurement tools (questionnaires and diaries) to inform the design of a novel tool, which aimed to effectively capture movement behaviour guidelines of pre-school aged children. (2) We facilitated focus group discussions with parents and carers of pre-school aged children (n = 11) and (3) a qualitative survey with free text responses was completed by topic relevant researchers (n = 6), to co-design the measurement tool. (4) We assessed the content validity of the developed tool, MoveMEY, through interviews with parents of pre-school aged children (n = 12) following piloting of the tool. RESULTS We developed an initial version of MoveMEY based on the format of an existing questionnaire and by mapping the content of questions to the guidelines. Co-design of MoveMEY resulted in changes to the format (e.g. short questionnaire to a seven-day diary) and content (e.g. inclusion of 'general information' questions on illness, disabilities and sleep disturbances; question on screen time before bed). Content validity assessment demonstrated that the items of MoveMEY were relevant and comprehensive for the assessment of children's movement behaviours. MoveMEY was felt to be comprehensible, however, parental suggestions were implemented to finalise and improve MoveMEY (e.g. adding examples to questions aiming to detect moderate to vigorous physical activity). CONCLUSION MoveMEY is the first co-designed measurement tool that has relevance for assessing the movement behaviour guidelines of pre-school aged children. Parent/carer and topic relevant researcher involvement throughout the development process resulted in a seven-day daily reported activity diary that is comprehensive of children's movement behaviours and comprehensible to parents and carers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie M Phillips
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Durham University, Durham City, UK.
- The Centre for Translational Research in Public Health (Fuse), Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Carolyn Summerbell
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Durham University, Durham City, UK
- The Centre for Translational Research in Public Health (Fuse), Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Kathryn R Hesketh
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Population Policy & Practice Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Sonia Saxena
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Frances C Hillier-Brown
- The Centre for Translational Research in Public Health (Fuse), Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Newcastle University Centre of Research Excellence in Healthier Lives, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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11
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Onyekwere AO, Okobi OE, Ifiora FC, Akinboro MK, Akueme NT, Iroro J, Dan-Eleberi AO, Onyeaka FC, Ghansah AA. Association Between Wearable Device Use and Levels of Physical Activity Among Older Adults in the US: Evidence From the 2019-2020 Health Information National Trends Survey. Cureus 2023; 15:e44289. [PMID: 37779789 PMCID: PMC10533366 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To examine the relationship between electronic wearable device (WD) use and physical activity (PA) levels among older adults in the US. Methods Data were pooled from 3310 older adults from the 2019 and 2020 Health Information National Trends Survey. The explanatory variable was WD use, and the outcomes were weekly PA levels, resistance training, and sedentary time. Logistic regression was conducted to investigate the association between WD use and the reported outcome variables. Separate logistic models were also fitted to explore the relationship between WD use and physical activity outcomes among a subgroup of older adults with chronic conditions. Results A total of 14.4% of older adults reported WD use. Older adults who use WD were more likely to meet national guidelines for weekly levels of PA (odds ratio (OR) 1.60, 95% confidence intervals (CI) (1.10, 2.32); p = 0.015) and resistance strength training (OR 1.54, 95% CI (1.14, 2.09); p = 0.005) when compared with their counterparts not using WD. After restricting the analysis to those with chronic conditions only, WD use was only associated with a higher level of weekly strength training (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.19, 2.38; p = 0.004). Conclusion WD use may be associated with increased physical activity among older adults, including those with chronic health conditions. Further studies are needed to examine the factors influencing the adoption and sustained use of WD in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Okelue E Okobi
- Family Medicine, Larkin Community Hospital Palm Springs Campus, Miami, USA
- Family Medicine, Medficient Health Systems, Laurel, USA
- Family Medicine, Lakeside Medical Center, Belle Glade, USA
| | - Francis C Ifiora
- Pharmacy, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, USA
| | - Micheal K Akinboro
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Texas A&M Health School of Public Health, College Station, USA
| | - Ngozi T Akueme
- Dermatology, University of Medical Sciences (UNIMED), Ondo, NGA
| | - Joy Iroro
- Internal Medicine, All Saints University School of Medicine, Roseau, DMA
| | | | - Faith C Onyeaka
- Haematology/Blood Transfusion Science, Madonna University, Calabar, NGA
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12
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Johansson LM, Lingfors H, Golsäter M, Rolander B, Fransson EI. Agreement between questions about physical activity and sitting time, and device-based measures, used in Swedish targeted health dialogues in the context of primary health care. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2023; 15:76. [PMID: 37403124 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-023-00690-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is important that easy-to-use measures like subjective questions about physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour are valid and reliable providing accurate measures, when they are used in health promotion work aiming to support people to improve their lifestyle habits such as PA. The aim of this study was to evaluate the concurrent validity of a structured interview form estimating self-reported PA and a question about sitting time used in Swedish targeted health dialogues in the context of primary health care. METHOD The study was conducted in the southern part of Sweden. To evaluate concurrent validity of the interview form, time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activities (MVPA) and energy expenditure related to MVPA estimated by an interview form was compared with the same measures assessed by an ActiGraph GT3X-BT accelerometer. To evaluate a question about sitting time, the Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences' single-item question about sitting time (SED-GIH) was compared with measures from an activPAL inclinometer. Statistical analyses included deriving Bland‒Altman plots and calculating Spearman's rank correlation coefficients. RESULT Bland‒Altman plots indicated lower absolute variation in the difference between self-reported and device-based PA measures for lower PA levels, both for energy expenditure and time spent in MVPA. No systematic over- or underestimation was observed. The Spearman's correlation coefficient between self-reported and device-based PA measures was 0.27 (p = 0.014) for time spent in MVPA and 0.26 (p = 0.022) for energy expenditure. The correlation coefficient between the single item question and device-based sitting time measures was 0.31 (p = 0.002). Sitting time was underestimated by 74% of the participants. CONCLUSION The PA interview form and the SED-GIH question on sitting time may be of value in targeted health dialogues in primary health care with the intention to support sedentary and insufficiently physically active persons in increasing their physical activity and limiting their sitting time. The questionnaires are easy to use and are more cost effective than device-based measures, especially regarding population-based interventions conducted in primary health care for thousands of participants such as targeted health dialogues. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisbeth M Johansson
- Unit for Research and Development in Primary Care, Futurum-Academy for Health and Care, Region Jönköping County, Jönköping, Sweden.
- Sweden and Jönköping Academy for Improvement of Health and Welfare, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Box 1026, Jönköping, 551 11, Sweden.
| | - Hans Lingfors
- Unit for Research and Development in Primary Care, Futurum-Academy for Health and Care, Region Jönköping County, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Marie Golsäter
- Child Research Group, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
- Futurum-Academy for Health and Care, Region Jönköping County, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Bo Rolander
- Unit for Research and Development in Primary Care, Futurum-Academy for Health and Care, Region Jönköping County, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Eleonor I Fransson
- School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Box 1026, 551 11, Jönköping, Sweden
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13
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Dupré C, Brégère M, Berger M, Pichot V, Celle S, Garet M, Fundenberger H, Barth N, Guyot J, Bongue B, Barthélémy JC, Roche F, Hupin D. Relationship between moderate-to-vigorous, light intensity physical activity and sedentary behavior in a prospective cohort of older French adults: a 18-year follow-up of mortality and cardiovascular events ─ the PROOF cohort study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1182552. [PMID: 37351092 PMCID: PMC10284080 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1182552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background It is well documented that moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) is effective in the prevention of major chronic diseases. Even though the current international physical activity (PA) guidelines still mainly focus on MVPA, the topic of the most recent epidemiological studies has shifted from MVPA to light intensity physical activity (LPA), owing to the necessity of promoting all activities vs. sedentary behavior (SB). However, the evidence remains currently limited. Thus, the clarification of the effects of LPA and the close relationship with SB is crucial to promote public health. Method PA and SB were assessed by a validated self-administered questionnaire (POPAQ) investigating 5 different types of PA during the 7 previous days. PA was measured in metabolic equivalent of task (MET)-h, which refers to the amount of energy (calories) expended per hour of PA. SB was measured in hour/day. Medical histories and examinations were taken during each clinical visit to determine clinical events. All-cause mortality was established using the same procedure and by checking local death registries. The relationships between the intensity of PA (light, moderate to vigorous) and mortality and between the periods of SB and mortality or CV events were analyzed by splines and COX models, adjusted for sex and year of birth. Results From the 1011 65-year-old subjects initially included in 2001 (60% women), the last 18-year follow-up has been currently completed since 2019. A total of 197 deaths (19.2%, including 77 CV deaths) and 195 CV events (19.3%) were reported. Averages (standard deviation) of MVPA, LPA and SB were, respectively, 1.2 h/d (0.3), 5.8 h/d (1.1), and 6.6 h/d (2.3). For all-cause deaths, as well as CV deaths, the splines were significant for LPA (p = 0.04 and p = 0.01), and MVPA (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001), but not for SB (p = 0.24 and p = 0.90). There was a significant reduction in CV events when SB was decreasing from 10.9 to 3.3 h/d. Conclusion The PROOF cohort study shows a clear dose-response between the dose of LPA, MVPA, SB and risk of mortality. These findings provide additional evidence to support the inclusion of LPA in future PA guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Dupré
- Jean Monnet University Saint-Etienne, Mines Saint-Etienne, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, INSERM, U1059, DVH Team, SAINBIOSE, Saint-Étienne, France
- Jean Monnet University Saint-Etienne, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Presage Institute, Chaire Santé des Ainés, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Marlène Brégère
- University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Faculty of Medicine, Jean Monnet University, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Mathieu Berger
- Jean Monnet University Saint-Etienne, Mines Saint-Etienne, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, INSERM, U1059, DVH Team, SAINBIOSE, Saint-Étienne, France
- Department of Clinical and Exercise Physiology, University Hospital Center, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Vincent Pichot
- Jean Monnet University Saint-Etienne, Mines Saint-Etienne, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, INSERM, U1059, DVH Team, SAINBIOSE, Saint-Étienne, France
- Department of Clinical and Exercise Physiology, University Hospital Center, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Sébastien Celle
- Jean Monnet University Saint-Etienne, Mines Saint-Etienne, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, INSERM, U1059, DVH Team, SAINBIOSE, Saint-Étienne, France
- Department of Clinical and Exercise Physiology, University Hospital Center, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Martin Garet
- Jean Monnet University Saint-Etienne, Mines Saint-Etienne, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, INSERM, U1059, DVH Team, SAINBIOSE, Saint-Étienne, France
- Department of Clinical and Exercise Physiology, University Hospital Center, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Hervé Fundenberger
- Jean Monnet University Saint-Etienne, Mines Saint-Etienne, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, INSERM, U1059, DVH Team, SAINBIOSE, Saint-Étienne, France
- Jean Monnet University Saint-Etienne, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Presage Institute, Chaire Santé des Ainés, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Nathalie Barth
- Jean Monnet University Saint-Etienne, Mines Saint-Etienne, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, INSERM, U1059, DVH Team, SAINBIOSE, Saint-Étienne, France
- Jean Monnet University Saint-Etienne, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Presage Institute, Chaire Santé des Ainés, Saint-Étienne, France
- Gérontopôle Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Jessica Guyot
- Jean Monnet University Saint-Etienne, Mines Saint-Etienne, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, INSERM, U1059, DVH Team, SAINBIOSE, Saint-Étienne, France
- Jean Monnet University Saint-Etienne, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Presage Institute, Chaire Santé des Ainés, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Bienvenu Bongue
- Jean Monnet University Saint-Etienne, Mines Saint-Etienne, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, INSERM, U1059, DVH Team, SAINBIOSE, Saint-Étienne, France
- Jean Monnet University Saint-Etienne, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Presage Institute, Chaire Santé des Ainés, Saint-Étienne, France
- Centre Technique d’Appui et de Formation des Centres d’Examens de Santé, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Jean-Claude Barthélémy
- Jean Monnet University Saint-Etienne, Mines Saint-Etienne, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, INSERM, U1059, DVH Team, SAINBIOSE, Saint-Étienne, France
- Jean Monnet University Saint-Etienne, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Presage Institute, Chaire Santé des Ainés, Saint-Étienne, France
- Department of Clinical and Exercise Physiology, University Hospital Center, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Frédéric Roche
- Jean Monnet University Saint-Etienne, Mines Saint-Etienne, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, INSERM, U1059, DVH Team, SAINBIOSE, Saint-Étienne, France
- Jean Monnet University Saint-Etienne, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Presage Institute, Chaire Santé des Ainés, Saint-Étienne, France
- Department of Clinical and Exercise Physiology, University Hospital Center, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - David Hupin
- Jean Monnet University Saint-Etienne, Mines Saint-Etienne, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, INSERM, U1059, DVH Team, SAINBIOSE, Saint-Étienne, France
- Jean Monnet University Saint-Etienne, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Presage Institute, Chaire Santé des Ainés, Saint-Étienne, France
- Department of Clinical and Exercise Physiology, University Hospital Center, Saint-Étienne, France
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Kreinbucher‐Bekerle C, Melville C, Wells JSG, Ruf W. The relationship between direct care providers' physical activity behaviour and perceived physical activity needs for people with intellectual disabilities. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2022; 66:1023-1033. [PMID: 35698301 PMCID: PMC9796330 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The promotion of physical activity and the decrease of inactivity and sedentary behaviour are crucial for a healthy lifestyle and positive quality of life. People with intellectual disabilities are at increased risk of inactivity and sedentary behaviour. Therefore, it is important to increase their physical activity by implementing physical activity guidelines in their daily life. Professional direct care providers can play a decisive role in supporting people with intellectual disabilities to participate in physical activity, but the engagement of direct care providers with this role may be reflective of their own attitudes and beliefs towards physical activity. Therefore, the link between the implementation of current physical activity guidelines for people with intellectual disabilities and direct care providers' own beliefs and behaviour with regard to physical activity is investigated. METHOD A total of 104 direct care providers completed self-reported questionnaires about their own physical activity behaviour (IPAQ-SF), recommendations for people with intellectual disabilities (adaption of EMIQ-HP) and questions regarding global physical activity guidelines. They were also asked about potential barriers and facilitators for the recommendation of physical activity in open-ended questions. RESULTS Personal physical activity behaviour is related to the recommended physical activity for people with intellectual disabilities (moderate-to-vigorous physical activity: rs = 0.408, P = 0.005). However, recommended physical activity behaviour for people with intellectual disabilities is significantly lower than direct care providers' own physical activity behaviour (P < 0.001). 47.1% of the respondents recommended people with intellectual disabilities to participate in less than the 150 min of moderate intensity physical activity per week for that is recommended in global physical activity guidelines. CONCLUSION Direct care providers may hold stereotypical views and insecurities about the potential harms associated with people with intellectual disabilities participating in physical activity. Therefore, the dissemination of physical activity recommendations for people with intellectual disabilities should be a major target for health professionals, social workers and scientists to address direct care providers' concerns. Furthermore, we need to emphasise the benefits of regular physical activity to professional direct care providers and directly to people with intellectual disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C. Melville
- Institute of Health and WellbeingUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - J. S. G. Wells
- School of Health SciencesWaterford Institute of TechnologyWaterfordIreland
| | - W. Ruf
- Institute of Sport ScienceGerman University of Health and SportBerlinGermany
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15
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O’Donovan G, Lee IM, Hamer M, García-Garro P, Duran-Aniotz C, Ibáñez A, Sarmiento OL, Hessel P. The burden of mild cognitive impairment attributable to physical inactivity in Colombia. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act 2022; 19:28. [PMID: 36348472 PMCID: PMC9643897 DOI: 10.1186/s11556-022-00307-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mild cognitive impairment often precedes dementia. The purpose of this analysis was to estimate the population attributable fraction for physical activity in Colombia, which is the reduction in cases that would occur if all participants were physically active. Methods The sample included 20,174 men and women aged 70.04 ± 7.68 years (mean ± SD) from the National Survey of Health, Wellbeing and Ageing. Trained interviewers administered a shorter version of the mini-mental state examination and mild cognitive impairment was defined as a score of 12 or less out of 19. Logistic regression models were fitted and population attributable fractions for physical activity were calculated. All analyses were adjusted for age, sex, height, education, income, civil status, smoking, and alcohol drinking. Results The prevalence of physical activity was approximately 50% when defined as walking between 9 and 20 blocks at least three times per week. Theoretically, 19% of cases of mild cognitive impairment would be eliminated if all adults were to walk (95% confidence interval: 16%, 22%). The prevalence was approximately 20% when defined as taking part in vigorous sport or exercise at least three times per week. Theoretically, 23% of cases of mild cognitive impairment would be eliminated if all adults were to take part in vigorous sport or exercise (16%, 30%). Similar results were observed after removing those who reported mental health problems. Conclusion Physical activity, whether walking or vigorous sport and exercise, has the potential to substantially reduce the burden of mild cognitive impairment in Colombia.
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16
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Vähä-Ypyä H, Sievänen H, Husu P, Tokola K, Mänttäri A, Heinonen OJ, Heiskanen J, Kaikkonen KM, Savonen K, Kokko S, Vasankari T. How adherence to the updated physical activity guidelines should be assessed with accelerometer? Eur J Public Health 2022; 32:i50-i55. [PMID: 36031824 PMCID: PMC9421411 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aerobic part of the recently updated physical activity (PA) guidelines for adults recommends at least 150 min of moderate or at least 75 of vigorous-intensity PA or an equivalent combination of both. PA can be accumulated of any bout duration. On an absolute scale, moderate-intensity threshold is 3 metabolic equivalents (METs) and vigorous 6 METs. On a scale relative to individual’s personal capacity, moderate-intensity threshold is 40% and vigorous 60% of the oxygen uptake reserve. In this study, the adherence to the new guidelines was evaluated using both absolute and relative thresholds. Methods Totally, 1645 adults aged 20–64 years, participated in this population-based study and their cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) was estimated with 6-min walking test. The participants with estimated maximal oxygen uptake <7.9 MET were categorized as low CRF group and the others as adequate CRF group. The participants were instructed to wear a triaxial hip-worn accelerometer for 1 week and their adherence to PA guidelines was assessed from the accelerometer data. Results The adequate CRF group had higher adherence to PA guidelines with the absolute thresholds, but the use of relative thresholds inverted the results. The adherence varied from 20% to 99% in the total sample depending on the analysis parameters of accelerometer data. Conclusions The absolute thresholds provide a more appropriate basis to assess the adherence to PA guidelines in population-based samples and interventions. The use of individually determined relative thresholds may be more useful for individual exercise prescriptions in PA counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henri Vähä-Ypyä
- The UKK-Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
| | - Harri Sievänen
- The UKK-Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
| | - Pauliina Husu
- The UKK-Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kari Tokola
- The UKK-Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ari Mänttäri
- The UKK-Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Jarmo Heiskanen
- LIKES Research Centre for Physical Activity and Health, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | | | - Kai Savonen
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland.,Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sami Kokko
- University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Tommi Vasankari
- The UKK-Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Military medicine, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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Dos Santos M, Ferrari G, Lee DH, Rey-López JP, Aune D, Liao B, Huang W, Nie J, Wang Y, Giovannucci E, Rezende LFM. Association of the "Weekend Warrior" and Other Leisure-time Physical Activity Patterns With All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality: A Nationwide Cohort Study. JAMA Intern Med 2022; 182:840-848. [PMID: 35788615 PMCID: PMC9257680 DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2022.2488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE It is unclear whether the weekly recommended amount of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) has the same benefits for mortality risk when activity sessions are spread throughout the week vs concentrated in fewer days. OBJECTIVE To examine the association of weekend warrior and other patterns of leisure-time physical activity with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This large nationwide prospective cohort study included 350 978 adults who self-reported physical activity to the US National Health Interview Survey from 1997 to 2013. Participant data were linked to the National Death Index through December 31, 2015. EXPOSURES Participants were grouped by self-reported activity level: physically inactive (<150 minutes per week [min/wk] of MVPA) or physically active (≥150 min/wk of moderate or ≥75 min/wk of vigorous activity). The active group was further classified by pattern: weekend warrior (1-2 sessions/wk) or regularly active (≥3 session/wk); and then, by frequency, duration/session, and intensity of activity. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES All-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer mortality. Statistical analyses were performed in April 2022. RESULTS A total of 350 978 participants (mean [SD] age, 41.4 [15.2] years; 192 432 [50.8%] women; 209 432 [67.8%] Non-Hispanic White) were followed during a median of 10.4 years (3.6 million person-years). There were 21 898 deaths documented, including 4130 from CVD and 6034 from cancer. Compared with physically inactive participants, hazard ratios (HR) for all-cause mortality were 0.92 (95% CI, 0.83-1.02) for weekend warrior and 0.85 (95% CI, 0.83-0.88) for regularly active participants; findings for cause-specific mortality were similar. Given the same amount of total MVPA, weekend warrior participants had similar all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates as regularly active participants. The HRs for weekend warrior vs regularly active participants were 1.08 (95% CI, 0.97-1.20) for all-cause mortality; 1.14 (95% CI, 0.85-1.53) for CVD mortality; and 1.07 (95% CI, 0.87-1.31) for cancer mortality. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The findings of this large prospective cohort study suggest that individuals who engage in active patterns of physical activity, whether weekend warrior or regularly active, experience lower all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates than inactive individuals. Significant differences were not observed for all-cause or cause-specific mortality between weekend warriors and regularly active participants after accounting for total amount of MVPA; therefore, individuals who engage in the recommended levels of physical activity may experience the same benefit whether the sessions are performed throughout the week or concentrated into fewer days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Dos Santos
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gerson Ferrari
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Dong Hoon Lee
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Juan Pablo Rey-López
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Valencian International University, Valencia, Spain.,Faculty of Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Dagfinn Aune
- Department of Nutrition, Bjørknes University College, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity, and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Bing Liao
- School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wentao Huang
- School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Nie
- Department of Sociology and Institute for Empirical Social Science Research, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yafeng Wang
- Public Health Research Center and Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Leandro F M Rezende
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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18
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Onyeaka H, Zambrano J, Szlyk H, Celano C, Baiden P, Muoghalu C, Enemuo V, Oghenetega EA, Huffman JC, Torous J, Firth J. Is Engagement in Physical Activity Related to Its Perceived Mental Health Benefits Among People With Depression and Anxiety? A Population-Scale Survey Study. Am J Lifestyle Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/15598276221116081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To examine the prevalence of awareness of PA (physical activity) benefits among those with mental disorders and explore how this is related to actual PA levels in this population. Methods: We queried data from the Health Information National Trends Survey 2019. A sample of 1,139 adults with self-reported depression and anxiety (61% female; mean age of 52.5 years) was analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression was employed to investigate the association between awareness that PA benefits mental health and respondents’ levels of PA. Results: Of the entire sample, a total of 904 individuals (80.9%) endorsed awareness that PA helps reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety. In multivariable analysis, awareness that PA improves mental health was significantly associated with greater odds of being less sedentary (OR 2.31; P = 0.025) and meeting national recommendations for weekly physical activity (OR 2.35; P = 0.046). Conclusion: Overall, findings from this nationally representative survey data indicates that about 4 in 5 adults living with depression and anxiety in the United States endorsed awareness of the mental health benefits of PA. Furthermore, we found that the awareness of these benefits is related to PA engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Onyeaka
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA (HO, JZ, CC, JCH, JT); Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA (HO, JZ, CC, JCH); Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Boston, MA, USA (HO, JZ); Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA (HS); School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA (PB); Plains Regional Medical Center, Clovis, NM, USA (CM); Duke University School of
| | - Juliana Zambrano
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA (HO, JZ, CC, JCH, JT); Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA (HO, JZ, CC, JCH); Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Boston, MA, USA (HO, JZ); Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA (HS); School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA (PB); Plains Regional Medical Center, Clovis, NM, USA (CM); Duke University School of
| | - Hannah Szlyk
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA (HO, JZ, CC, JCH, JT); Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA (HO, JZ, CC, JCH); Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Boston, MA, USA (HO, JZ); Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA (HS); School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA (PB); Plains Regional Medical Center, Clovis, NM, USA (CM); Duke University School of
| | - Christopher Celano
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA (HO, JZ, CC, JCH, JT); Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA (HO, JZ, CC, JCH); Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Boston, MA, USA (HO, JZ); Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA (HS); School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA (PB); Plains Regional Medical Center, Clovis, NM, USA (CM); Duke University School of
| | - Philip Baiden
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA (HO, JZ, CC, JCH, JT); Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA (HO, JZ, CC, JCH); Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Boston, MA, USA (HO, JZ); Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA (HS); School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA (PB); Plains Regional Medical Center, Clovis, NM, USA (CM); Duke University School of
| | - Chioma Muoghalu
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA (HO, JZ, CC, JCH, JT); Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA (HO, JZ, CC, JCH); Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Boston, MA, USA (HO, JZ); Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA (HS); School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA (PB); Plains Regional Medical Center, Clovis, NM, USA (CM); Duke University School of
| | - Valentine Enemuo
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA (HO, JZ, CC, JCH, JT); Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA (HO, JZ, CC, JCH); Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Boston, MA, USA (HO, JZ); Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA (HS); School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA (PB); Plains Regional Medical Center, Clovis, NM, USA (CM); Duke University School of
| | - Esther Ayisire Oghenetega
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA (HO, JZ, CC, JCH, JT); Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA (HO, JZ, CC, JCH); Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Boston, MA, USA (HO, JZ); Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA (HS); School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA (PB); Plains Regional Medical Center, Clovis, NM, USA (CM); Duke University School of
| | - Jeff. C Huffman
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA (HO, JZ, CC, JCH, JT); Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA (HO, JZ, CC, JCH); Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Boston, MA, USA (HO, JZ); Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA (HS); School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA (PB); Plains Regional Medical Center, Clovis, NM, USA (CM); Duke University School of
| | - John Torous
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA (HO, JZ, CC, JCH, JT); Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA (HO, JZ, CC, JCH); Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Boston, MA, USA (HO, JZ); Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA (HS); School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA (PB); Plains Regional Medical Center, Clovis, NM, USA (CM); Duke University School of
| | - Joseph Firth
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA (HO, JZ, CC, JCH, JT); Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA (HO, JZ, CC, JCH); Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Boston, MA, USA (HO, JZ); Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA (HS); School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA (PB); Plains Regional Medical Center, Clovis, NM, USA (CM); Duke University School of
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19
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Madsen TE, Samaei M, Pikula A, Yu AYX, Carcel C, Millsaps E, Yalamanchili RS, Bencie N, Dula AN, Leppert M, Rundek T, Dreyer RP, Bushnell C. Sex Differences in Physical Activity and Incident Stroke: A Systematic Review. Clin Ther 2022; 44:586-611. [PMID: 35418311 PMCID: PMC9195871 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2022.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Physical inactivity, a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, is independently associated with stroke. Though some prior data have suggested sex differences in levels of physical activity, whether there are sex differences in the role of physical activity in primary stroke prevention is largely unknown. This systematic review identifies and describes recent findings on sex differences in the association between physical activity and incident (first-ever) stroke. This review also describes the current evidence on the strength of the association between physical activity and a reduced stroke risk in women in particular. METHODS Using a prespecified strategy, PubMed/MEDLINE and Cochrane Central were searched to identify observational studies or trials published from 2000 to 2020 and reporting sex differences in physical activity and incident stroke. To be included, among other criteria, studies had to include sex-specific effect estimates from women, men, or both. Titles, abstracts, and full-text articles were screened to identify studies meeting the inclusion criteria, and adjusted sex-specific estimates of the association between physical activity and incident stroke for total stroke (ischemic plus hemorrhagic) or ischemic stroke were abstracted. FINDINGS Thirty-seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Of 17 studies that included data on total incident stroke (ischemic and hemorrhagic combined) in both women and men, 7 (41%) showed similar associations between physical activity and incident stroke between women and men, 6 (35%) suggested a significant effect in women but not in men, and 3 (18%) showed a significant effect in men but not in women. Of 10 studies that included data on ischemic stroke in women and men, 5 (50%) suggested similar effects in women and men, 4 (40%) suggested a significant effect in women but not in men, and 1 (10%) showed an effect in men but not women. In women specifically, the majority of included studies demonstrated a reduced risk for incident stroke with physical activity, with relative risk reductions ranging from 11% to 72%, though most estimates fell between 20% and 40%. IMPLICATIONS The majority of studies indicated a clear association between physical activity and a reduction in stroke risk. Studies were split as to the potential for sex differences in this association. Future prospective investigations should identify strategies for the use of increased physical activity for primary stroke prevention, with sex-specific considerations as warranted. The data on sex-specific dose-response relationship between physical activity and stroke risk are inconclusive and warrant more research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy E Madsen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, and the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.
| | - Mehrnoosh Samaei
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Sex and Gender in Emergency Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Aleksandra Pikula
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Toronto, University Health Networks, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amy Y X Yu
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Toronto, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cheryl Carcel
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | | | - Nicole Bencie
- Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Adrienne N Dula
- Departments of Neurology and Diagnostic Medicine, Dell Medical School, University of Texas, Austin, Texas
| | - Michelle Leppert
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Tatjana Rundek
- Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Rachel P Dreyer
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Cheryl Bushnell
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
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20
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Al-Shaar L, Pernar CH, Chomistek AK, Rimm EB, Rood J, Stampfer MJ, Eliassen AH, Barnett JB, Willett WC. Reproducibility, Validity, and Relative Validity of Self-Report Methods for Assessing Physical Activity in Epidemiologic Studies: Findings From the Women's Lifestyle Validation Study. Am J Epidemiol 2022; 191:696-710. [PMID: 34999754 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwab294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Among 683 participants in the Women's Lifestyle Validation Study (2010-2012), we evaluated the performance of a self-administered physical activity questionnaire (PAQ) and Web-based 24-hour recalls (Activities Completed Over Time in 24 Hours (ACT24)) using multiple comparison methods. Two PAQs, 4 ACT24s, two 7-day accelerometer measurements, 1 doubly labeled water (DLW) physical activity level (PAL) measure (repeated; n = 90), and 4 resting pulse rate measurements were collected over 15 months. The deattenuated correlation between the PAQ and DLW PAL was 0.41 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.33, 0.49) for total physical activity (PA) and 0.40 (95% CI: 0.31, 0.48) for moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). These correlations were similar when using accelerometry as the comparison method. Single and averaged ACT24 measurements had lower correlations with DLW and accelerometry as comparison methods. The PAQ showed inverse correlations with DLW body fat percentage and resting pulse rate. Using the method of triads, the estimated correlation of the PAQ with true total PA was 0.54 (95% CI: 0.47, 0.62) and that with true MVPA was 0.60 (95% CI: 0.52, 0.69). For averaged ACT24, the estimated correlations were 0.50 (95% CI: 0.43, 0.59) for total PA and 0.47 (95% CI: 0.39, 0.58) for MVPA, and for averaged accelerometry, these estimated correlations were 0.72 (95% CI: 0.64, 0.81) and 0.62 (95% CI: 0.53, 0.71), respectively. The PAQ provided reasonable validity for total PA and MVPA.
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21
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Maternal Pre-Pregnancy Nutritional Status and Physical Activity Levels and a Sports Injury Reported in Children: A Seven-Year Follow-Up Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14040870. [PMID: 35215520 PMCID: PMC8875659 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Our aim was to analyze dose–response associations between maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index and physical activity levels with childhood sports injury rates. Methods: Participants included pre-pregnant mothers (n = 4811) and their children at the age of 7 years (n = 3311). Maternal anthropometry (height, weight, and body mass index), time spent in physical activity, and education level were recorded. All sports injuries were defined as injuries reported in the past year by the children at the age of 7 years. Results: Children whose mothers were overweight/obese in the pre-pregnancy period were 2.04 (OR = 2.04, 95% CI = 1.12–3.71) times more likely to report a sports injury at the age of 7 years. Underweight mothers exhibited a 74% decrease in the odds of their children reporting a sports injury at follow-up (OR = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.10–0.68). Finally, an increase in maternal physical activity across the last three quartiles was associated with a lower odds of sports injuries. Conclusions: The risk of reporting a sports injury was greater for children whose mothers were overweight/obese in the pre-pregnancy period. However, there was a lower risk with both maternal underweight status and increasing minutes of physical activity.
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22
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Strain T, Sharp SJ, Spiers A, Price H, Williams C, Fraser C, Brage S, Wijndaele K, Kelly P. Population level physical activity before and during the first national COVID-19 lockdown: A nationally representative repeat cross-sectional study of 5 years of Active Lives data in England. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. EUROPE 2022; 12:100265. [PMID: 34870255 PMCID: PMC8629728 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2021.100265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To limit the spread of COVID-19 in March 2020, the population of England was instructed to stay home, leaving only for essential shopping, health-care, work, or exercise. The impact on population activity behaviours is not clear. We describe changes in duration and types of activity undertaken by adults ≥16 years in England between March and May 2016-19 and 2020, by socio-demographic strata. METHODS Using nationally representative data collected between November 2015 and May 2020 by the Sport England Active Lives Surveys (n=726,257) we assessed trends in amount and type of non-occupational moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Using data from n=74,430 mid-April to mid-May respondents, we then estimated the odds ratios of reporting any activity in the four-week recall period in 2020 compared to 2016-19. Gamma regressions estimated the mean ratios (MR) of duration amongst those reporting any activity in 2020 compared to 2016-19. FINDINGS Population activity declined substantially after the restrictions were introduced. Compared to 2016-19 levels, the odds of reporting any activity in 2020 were 30% lower (95% confidence interval (CI) 26-34%). The largest declines were amongst non-white ethnicities, the youngest and oldest age groups, and the unemployed; no socio-demographic subgroup had higher odds. Amongst those undertaking activity, weekly duration was similar in the two periods (MR 0.99, 95%CI (0.96-1.01%)). The odds of participating in walking for leisure and gardening were 11% (6-16%) and 15% (9-21%) higher, respectively, whereas the odds for team and racket sport and walking for travel participation were 76% (73-79%) and 66% (64-68%) lower, respectively. INTERPRETATION Restrictions introduced in Spring 2020 likely reduced physical activity levels in England. The magnitude of the declines were not uniform by demographic groups or by activity type, which future policies should consider. FUNDING TS, KW, SJS, and SB are supported by UK Medical Research Council [grant numbers MC_UU_00006/4 and MC_UU_12015/3] and SB is supported by the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre in Cambridge (IS-BRC-1215-20014).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa Strain
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, UK
- Physical Activity for Health Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Søren Brage
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Paul Kelly
- Physical Activity for Health Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, UK
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23
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Egele VS, Kiefer LH, Stark R. Faking self-reports of health behavior: a comparison between a within- and a between-subjects design. Health Psychol Behav Med 2021; 9:895-916. [PMID: 34712514 PMCID: PMC8547881 DOI: 10.1080/21642850.2021.1991803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study examines people's ability to fake their reported health behavior and explores the magnitude of such response distortion concerning faking of preventive health behavior and health risk behavior. As health behavior is a sensitive topic, people usually prefer privacy about it or they wish to create a better image of themselves (Fekken et al., 2012; Levy et al., 2018). Nevertheless, health behavior is often assessed by self-report questionnaires that are prone to faking. Therefore, it is important to examine the possible impact of such faking. Methods To replicate the findings and test their robustness, two study designs were realized. In the within-subjects-design, 142 participants repeatedly answered a health behavior questionnaire with an instruction to answer honestly, fake good, and fake bad. In the between-subjects design, 128 participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups that filled out the health behavior questionnaire with only one of the three instructions. Results Both studies showed that successful faking of self-reported preventive and health risk behavior was possible. The magnitude of such faking effects was very large in the within-subjects design and somewhat smaller in the between-subjects design. Conclusion Even though each design has its inherent merits and problems, caution is indicated regarding faking effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria S Egele
- Department of Educational Research, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Laura H Kiefer
- Department of Educational Research, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Robin Stark
- Department of Educational Research, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
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24
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Health-Enhancing Physical Activity in Europe-Combined Aerobic Physical Activity and Muscle-Strengthening Exercise Guideline Adherence Among 280,605 Adults From 28 European Countries. J Phys Act Health 2021; 19:56-62. [PMID: 34706342 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2021-0349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compared with engaging in aerobic physical activity (aerobic PA; eg, walking, running, cycling) or muscle-strengthening exercise (MSE; eg, weight/resistance training) alone, epidemiological evidence suggests that combining both is linked to better health. However, the assessment of both PA modes is rare in health surveillance. This article provides the first multicountry study on the descriptive epidemiology of combined moderate to vigorous PA-MSE guideline adherence. METHODS Data were drawn from the European Health Interview Survey wave 2 (2013-2014), comprising samples from 28 European countries (n = 280,605). Self-reported aerobic PA and MSE were assessed using the validated European Health Interview Survey Physical Activity Questionnaire. The authors calculated the weighted proportions meeting the health-enhancing PA guideline (aerobic PA ≥ 150 min/wk and MSE ≥ 2 sessions/wk). Poisson regression assessed the prevalence ratios for meeting the combined guideline across sociodemographic factors and by country. RESULTS A total of 15.0% met the health-enhancing PA guideline. The lowest prevalence was from respondents from Southern and Central European countries (Romania, Poland, and Croatia, range: 0.5%-5.7%). Poorer self-rated health, older age, lower income, being female, and being obese had a lower likelihood of meeting the combined guideline. CONCLUSIONS Most European adults do not meet the health-enhancing PA guideline that includes both aerobic PA and MSE.
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Sorić M, Meh K, Rocha P, Wendel-Vos W, de Hollander E, Jurak G. An inventory of national surveillance systems assessing physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sport participation of adults in the European Union. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1797. [PMID: 34615500 PMCID: PMC8494507 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11842-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical inactivity has been recognised as a global public health problem that requires concerted action. This calls for systematic physical activity (PA) surveillance as a mechanism for assessing the problem and evaluating the effectiveness of related policies. Because countries tend to design their policy measures based on national surveillance data, here we present an inventory of existing national surveillance systems on PA, sedentary behaviour (SB) and sport participation (SP) among adult population in all European Union (EU) Member States. Methods As a part of the European Physical Activity and Sports Monitoring System (EUPASMOS) project, a questionnaire was constructed in the form of an on-line survey to collect detailed information on existing national surveillance systems on either PA, SB, or SP. National HEPA focal points from all 27 EU Member States were invited to answer the on-line questionnaire and data collection took part in the period May 2018–September 2019. Results National monitoring of PA or SB or SP for adults has been established in 16/27 EU Member States, that host 33 different PA/SB/SP monitoring systems. Apart from 3 countries that are using accelerometers (Finland, Ireland and Portugal), surveillance is typically based on questionnaires. In most Member States these questionnaires have not been validated in the particular language and cultural setting. Next, specific domains and dimensions of PA, SB and SP assessed vary a lot across countries. Only 3 countries (the Netherlands, Portugal and Slovenia) are monitoring all three behaviours while covering most of the domains and dimensions of PA/SB/SP. Lastly, as half of the existing surveillance systems set an upper age limit, in 9/16 countries that are monitoring PA/SB/SP, no data for people older than 80 years are available. Conclusions Systematic surveillance of PA is lacking among 11/27 EU countries, with even few monitoring SB and SP. Besides, existing surveillance systems typically fail to assess all dimensions and domains of PA/SB/SP with only three countries maintaining monitoring systems that encompass all three behaviours while covering most of the domains and dimensions of PA/SB/SP. Hence, additional efforts in advocacy of systematic PA surveillance in the EU are called for.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maroje Sorić
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Gortanova 22, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia. .,Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Kaja Meh
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Gortanova 22, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Paulo Rocha
- Portuguese Institute of Sport and Youth, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Wanda Wendel-Vos
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Ellen de Hollander
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Gregor Jurak
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Gortanova 22, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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26
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Pulido JJ, Tapia-Serrano MÁ, Díaz-García J, Ponce-Bordón JC, López-Gajardo MÁ. The Relationship between Students' Physical Self-Concept and Their Physical Activity Levels and Sedentary Behavior: The Role of Students' Motivation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18157775. [PMID: 34360069 PMCID: PMC8345693 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18157775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the association between specific dimension (i.e., fitness, appearance, physical competence, physical strength, and self-esteem) of students’ physical self-concept (PSC) and their physical activity (PA) levels (i.e., intentions to be physically active and out-of-school PA levels perceived by students) and sedentary behavior (SB) (i.e., total sitting and screen time perceived by students). We also tested the role of students’ motivation (i.e., intrinsic motivation and amotivation) towards PA in these relationships. A total of 1998 Spanish male (n = 1003) and female (n = 995) secondary students, aged between 13 and 17 years (M = 14.92, SD = 0.87) from 22 schools, enrolled in third grade (n = 1081) and fourth grade (n = 917), completed the self-reported questionnaires. Five independent structural equation modeling (SEM) adjusted by students’ sex was used to examine the association between specific dimension of students’ PSC (i.e., fitness, appearance, physical competence, physical strength, and self-esteem) and self-reported PA and SB variables, and to test the role of students’ motivation in these relationships. Overall, most of students’ PSC dimension positively predicted students’ PA outcomes, and were negatively associated with SB. In addition, most of students’ PSC dimension were positively associated with intrinsic motivation, and negatively predicted amotivation. In turn, intrinsic motivation was a positive predictor of PA outcomes, and a negative predictor of SB, whereas amotivation was a negative predictor of PA outcomes and sitting time, and a positive predictor of screen time. Finally, from PSC dimensions, sex as a covariate was a positive predictor of intrinsic motivation and PA outcomes, and was a negative predictor of amotivation and sitting time. These findings suggest the importance of the specific dimensions of PSC perceived by adolescents on their motivational processes, and in turn, on their PA and SB outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan J. Pulido
- Correspondence: (J.J.P.); (M.Á.L.-G.); Tel.: +34-927-257460 (M.Á.L.-G.)
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Karahanoğlu A, Gouveia R, Reenalda J, Ludden G. How Are Sports-Trackers Used by Runners? Running-Related Data, Personal Goals, and Self-Tracking in Running. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21113687. [PMID: 34073181 PMCID: PMC8198506 DOI: 10.3390/s21113687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to explore the roles that sports trackers and running-related data play in runners’ personal goal achievement. A two-week diary study and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 22 runners to explore how runners engage with their running-related data to set and achieve their running goals. We found that participants pursued and transitioned between different running goals as their needs, abilities, and surrounding environment changed. We also found multiple motivations that shaped the use of sports trackers. We identified two main categories in runners’ motivations for using trackers and data to achieve their goals. These categories were (i) documenting and tracking in running, and (ii) supporting goal-oriented reflections and actions, with various reasons for use while preparing for and during running. This study provides insights into the psychological effects of running-related data and signals practical implications for runners and developers of tracking technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armağan Karahanoğlu
- Faculty of Engineering Technology, University of Twente, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands; (R.G.); (G.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Rúben Gouveia
- Faculty of Engineering Technology, University of Twente, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands; (R.G.); (G.L.)
| | - Jasper Reenalda
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Twente, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands;
- Roessingh Research and Development, 7522 AH Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Geke Ludden
- Faculty of Engineering Technology, University of Twente, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands; (R.G.); (G.L.)
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Fiedler J, Eckert T, Burchartz A, Woll A, Wunsch K. Comparison of Self-Reported and Device-Based Measured Physical Activity Using Measures of Stability, Reliability, and Validity in Adults and Children. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21082672. [PMID: 33920145 PMCID: PMC8069485 DOI: 10.3390/s21082672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Quantification of physical activity (PA) depends on the type of measurement and analysis method making it difficult to compare adherence to PA guidelines. Therefore, test-retest reliability, validity, and stability for self-reported (i.e., questionnaire and diary) and device-based measured (i.e., accelerometry with 10/60 s epochs) PA was compared in 32 adults and 32 children from the SMARTFAMILY study to examine if differences in these measurement tools are systematic. PA was collected during two separate measurement weeks and the relationship for each quality criteria was analyzed using Spearman correlation. Results showed the highest PA values for questionnaires followed by 10-s and 60-s epochs measured by accelerometers. Levels of PA were lowest when measured by diary. Only accelerometry demonstrated reliable, valid, and stable results for the two measurement weeks, the questionnaire yielded mixed results and the diary showed only a few significant correlations. Overall, higher correlations for the quality criteria were found for moderate than for vigorous PA and the results differed between children and adults. Since the differences were not found to be systematic, the choice of measurement tools should be carefully considered by anyone working with PA outcomes, especially if vigorous PA is the parameter of interest.
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