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Niedhammer I, Pineau E, Rosankis E. The associations of psychosocial work exposures with suicidal ideation in the national French SUMER study. J Affect Disord 2024; 356:699-706. [PMID: 38657775 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.04.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The literature remains scarce on the work-related risk factors for suicide and suicidal ideation. The objectives were to explore the associations of psychosocial work exposures with suicidal ideation in a nationally representative sample of the working population. METHODS The study was based on the sample of 25,977 employees (14,682 men and 11,295 women) of the national French 2016-17 SUMER survey. The outcome was suicidal ideation assessed using the PHQ-9 instrument. Psychosocial work exposures included various factors from the job strain and effort-reward imbalance models, and other concepts. Statistical analyses were performed using weighted methods, including weighted logistic regression models. Other occupational exposures and covariates were considered. Gender differences were tested. RESULTS The prevalence of suicidal ideation was 3.5 % without any difference between genders. Psychosocial work exposures were found to be associated with suicidal ideation. The strongest association was observed between workplace bullying and suicidal ideation. Associations were also found between job strain model factors, job insecurity, low esteem, work-family conflict, ethical conflict, teleworking, and low meaning, and suicidal ideation. The associations were in general similar for men and women. LIMITATIONS The study had a cross-sectional design and no causal interpretation could be done. A reporting bias and a healthy worker effect may be suspected. CONCLUSION Psychosocial work exposures played a major role in suicidal ideation. More research may be needed to confirm our results, as suicidal ideation is an important warning signal for suicide prevention. More primary prevention towards the psychosocial work environment may be useful to reduce suicidal ideation at the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Niedhammer
- INSERM, Univ Angers, Univ Rennes, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, ESTER Team, Angers, France.
| | - Elodie Pineau
- INSERM, Univ Angers, Univ Rennes, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, ESTER Team, Angers, France
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Rosander M, Blomberg S, Einarsen SV. Psychometric properties and cut-off scores for the Swedish version of the Negative Acts Questionnaire: The full scale and short version. Scand J Psychol 2024. [PMID: 38590125 DOI: 10.1111/sjop.13022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The present study investigates the psychometric properties and cut-off scores of a Swedish version of the Negative Acts Questionnaire, the most frequently used instrument to measure exposure to workplace bullying. Based on a probability sample of the Swedish workforce (n = 1853), we investigate the validity of both the full version (NAQ-R) and the short version (SNAQ). We suggest optimal cut-offs for the NAQ-R and SNAQ, and for the subscales measuring work- and person-related bullying. Based on the cut-off scores we provide estimates of prevalence in a Swedish context. The factor structure and psychometric properties are comparable to the Norwegian original and the English versions of the instrument. We also tested the criterion validity using 11 outcome and antecedent variables to bullying, and all provided support for its validity. The identified cut-off scores differentiate clearly when tested against the 11 variables used to test criterion validity in the study. The results showed that the Swedish version of the NAQ-R, including the SNAQ, is a valid measure of workplace bullying. To our knowledge, this study is the first study presenting statistical cut-offs for the NAQ-R subscales as well as investigating both the NAQ-R and the SNAQ simultaneously. The present study also provides some criticism against and suggestions for improving the NAQ-R, aiming to capture even more of the overall experience of exposure, ability to defend oneself, overall duration, and on- and offline exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Rosander
- Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Stefan Blomberg
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine Centre, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Martin CL, Richey M, Richardson DB, Nocera M, Cantrell J, McClure ES, Martin AT, Marshall SW, Ranapurwala SI. 25-Year fatal workplace suicide trends in North Carolina: 1992-2017. Am J Ind Med 2024; 67:214-223. [PMID: 38197263 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.23563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide is a serious public health problem in the United States, but limited evidence is available investigating fatal suicides at work. There is a substantial need to characterize workplace suicides to inform suicide prevention interventions and target high-risk settings. This study aims to examine workplace suicide rates in North Carolina (NC) by worker characteristics, means of suicide used, and industry between 1992 and 2017. METHODS Fatal workplace suicides were identified from records of the NC Office of the Chief Medical Examiner system and the NC death certificate. Sex, age, race, ethnicity, class of worker, manner of death, and industry were abstracted. Crude and age-standardized homicide rates were calculated as the number of suicides that occurred at work divided by an estimate of worker-years (w-y). Rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated, and trends over calendar time for fatal workplace suicides were examined overall and by industry. RESULTS 81 suicides over 109,464,430 w-y were observed. Increased rates were observed in workers who were male, self-employed, and 65+ years old. Firearms were the most common means of death (63%) followed by hanging (16%). Gas service station workers experienced the highest fatal occupational suicide rate, 11.5 times (95% CI: 3.62-36.33) the overall fatal workplace suicide rate, followed by Justice, Public Order, and Safety workers at 3.23 times the overall rate (95% CI: 1.31-7.97). CONCLUSION Our findings identify industries and worker demographics that were vulnerable to workplace suicides. Targeted and tailored mitigation strategies for vulnerable industries and workers are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea L Martin
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Injury Prevention Research Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Morgan Richey
- Department of Population Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - David B Richardson
- Susan and Henry Samueli College of Health Sciences, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Maryalice Nocera
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - John Cantrell
- Injury Prevention Research Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Elizabeth S McClure
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Injury Prevention Research Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Amelia T Martin
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Injury Prevention Research Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Stephen W Marshall
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Injury Prevention Research Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Shabbar I Ranapurwala
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Injury Prevention Research Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Arif AA, Adeyemi O, Laditka SB, Laditka JN. Suicide Rates and Risks Across U.S. Industries: A 29-Year Population-Based Survey. Arch Suicide Res 2024:1-26. [PMID: 38193926 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2023.2300324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Suicide rates in the working-age U.S. population have increased by over 40% in the last two decades. Although suicide may be linked with characteristics of workplaces and their industries, few studies have reported industry-level suicide rates. No study has reported suicide rates by industry using nationally representative data. This study estimates suicide risks across industries in the U.S. working population. METHODS Industry-level estimates of suicide risks require substantial data; we combined 29 years of U.S. suicide data using the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS)-Mortality Linked data from 1986 through 2014, with mortality follow-up through 2015. We conducted survey-weighted Poisson regression analyses to estimate suicide mortality rates and rate ratios across all populations and stratified by gender. All analyses were adjusted first for age, and then for age, employment status, marital status, race/ethnicity, and rurality/urbanicity (demographic-adjusted). Rate ratios compared results for workers in each industry to those for all industries, accounting for the NHIS survey design. RESULTS A total of 1,943 suicide deaths were recorded. Age-adjusted suicide rates per 100,000 were highest in the furniture, lumber, and wood industry group (29.3), the fabricated metal industry (26.3), and mining (25.8). Demographic-adjusted rates were higher among men than women in most industries. Demographic-adjusted rate ratios were significantly elevated in the furniture, lumber, and wood industries (Rate Ratio, RR = 1.60, 95% confidence interval, CI = 1.18-2.18); chemicals and allied products (RR = 1.49, 95%CI = 1.04-2.13); and construction (RR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.03-1.41). CONCLUSION Several industries had significantly high suicide rates. Suicide prevention efforts may be particularly useful for workers in those industries.
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Teoh KRH, Dunning A, Taylor AK, Gopfert A, Chew-Graham CA, Spiers J, Appleby L, Van Hove M, Buszewicz M, Riley R. Working conditions, psychological distress and suicidal ideation: cross-sectional survey study of UK junior doctors. BJPsych Open 2023; 10:e14. [PMID: 38099399 PMCID: PMC10755551 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2023.619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence attests a link between junior doctors' working conditions and psychological distress. Despite increasing concerns around suicidality among junior doctors, little is known about its relationship to their working conditions. AIMS To (a) establish the prevalence of suicidal ideation among junior doctors in the National Health Service; (b) examine the relationships between perceived working conditions and suicidal ideation; and (c) explore whether psychological distress (e.g. symptoms of depression and anxiety) mediates these relationships. METHOD Junior doctors were recruited between March 2020 and January 2021, for a cross-sectional online survey. We used the Health and Safety Executive's Management Standards Tool; Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale 21; and Paykel Suicidality Scale to assess working conditions, psychological distress and suicidality, respectively. RESULTS Of the 424 participants, 50.2% reported suicidal ideation, including 6.1% who had made an attempt on their own life. Participants who identified as LGBTQ+ (odds ratio 2.18, 95% CI 1.15-4.12) or reported depression symptoms (odds ratio 1.10, 95% CI 1.07-1.14) were more likely to report suicidal ideation. No direct relationships were reported between working conditions (i.e. control, support, role clarity, strained relationships, demand and change) and suicidal ideation. However, depression symptoms mediated all six relationships. CONCLUSIONS This sample of junior doctors reported alarming levels of suicidal ideation. There may be an indirect relationship between working conditions and suicidal ideation via depressive symptoms. Clearer research exploring the experience of suicidality in junior doctors is needed, including those who identify as LGBTQ+. Systematic interventions addressing working environment are needed to support junior doctors' mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Rui-Han Teoh
- Department of Organizational Psychology, Birkbeck, University of London, UK
| | - Alice Dunning
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - Anna Kathryn Taylor
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, UK
| | - Anya Gopfert
- Department of Sports Sciences and Public Health, University of Exeter, UK
| | | | | | - Louis Appleby
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Medicine, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Maria Van Hove
- Department of Health and Community Sciences, University of Exeter, UK
| | - Marta Buszewicz
- UCL Great Ormand Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK
| | - Ruth Riley
- School of Health Sciences, University of Surrey, UK
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Crispin CN, Afsharian A, Loh MY, Dollard MF, Dormann C, Glozier N, Gill T, Taylor AW. Psychosocial safety climate (PSC) and working conditions, predictors of mental health and antidepressant and opioid use in Australia: a study protocol for longitudinal data linkage. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e074235. [PMID: 38097242 PMCID: PMC10729104 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-074235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Work-related stress is a social determinant of global health that represents a huge cost to workers' health and reduces work performance. In Australia, mental well-being is a pressing national issue-with one in five Australians experiencing mental disorders. Antidepressants are a first-line medication commonly used to treat mental disorders. Recently, Australia has seen a dramatic increase in the use of prescribed antidepressant medications to treat mental health related illnesses. Australia has also seen a dramatic increase in the use of prescribed opioid analgesics for non-cancer pain including opioid use for psychological distress and social stressors. It is plausible a rise in mental health problems and antidepressant and opioid medication use is partly attributable to the corporate climate for worker mental health (ie, the psychosocial safety climate, PSC). This research aims to identify how PSC and workplace conditions contribute to employee well-being and distress that culminate in antidepressant and opioid medication use. METHODS/ANALYSIS Data will be collected through creative data linkage from the Australian Workplace Barometer (AWB), to medication data (via the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme, PBS). The participant sample will include 1372 working Australians from the AWB project from 2009 to 2021. Four waves of longitudinal data from 2009 to 2021 will be used to investigate the plausible link between Australia's high levels of antidepressant and opioid use and distress at work. The project advances theory by probing the role corporate climate plays in work design, distress, mental health problems and antidepressant and opioid use. It will determine if antidepressant and opioid use has led to an underestimation of work stress effects. Proposed theoretical models will be analysed through linked data, using continuous time structural equation modelling, hierarchical linear modelling, logistic regression and cost estimation. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study has been approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the University of South Australia (Ethics Protocol: 203003). Further, approval from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare Ethics Committee was also granted for linkage of AWB data and PBS data (EthOS Application EO2022/1/1190).Results of the study will be disseminated through worldwide keynotes, key international settings, high-impact peer-reviewed journals, industry conference presentations and media outlets to reach managers, workers, and industry partners. Further, UniSA requires publications from public projects to be held in an institutional repository which fulfils the Australian Research Council's Open Access Policy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Afsharian
- Justice & Society, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - May Young Loh
- Justice & Society, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Maureen F Dollard
- Justice & Society, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Christian Dormann
- Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany
| | - Nick Glozier
- University of Sydney Brain and Mind Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tiffany Gill
- Medical Specialities, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Anne W Taylor
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Seppälä P, Olin N, Kalavainen S, Clottes Heikkilä H, Kivimäki M, Remes J, Ervasti J. Effectiveness of a workshop-based intervention to reduce bullying and violence at work: A 2-year quasi-experimental intervention study. Soc Sci Med 2023; 338:116318. [PMID: 37879133 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bullying and violence at work are associated with reduced wellbeing of the victims, but few evidence-based interventions are available to prevent these offensive behaviours. We developed and examined the effectiveness of an intervention aimed at prevention of bullying and violence at work through modifications in psychosocial work environment. METHODS In accordance with pre-published protocol, employees and supervisors of 12 work units in 3 cities (intervention group A: n = 315; intervention group B: n = 271) received a workshop-based intervention on organizational practices to prevent bullying and violence, including supervisor support, supervisor justice, workplace social capital, and psychological safety and were compared to a reference group (n = 2310) which did not receive the intervention. Latent change score modelling (LCSM) was used to estimate between- and within-individual differences in changes of organizational practices and prevalence of bullying and violence from baseline (2020) to follow-up (2022). RESULTS No direct or indirect effects of intervention were observed. Of the potential mediator variables, supervisor support (B = 0.04; 95% confidence interval 0.006, 0.07) and supervisor justice (0.04; 0.01, 0.08) improved in the intervention group B between the measurements and compared to control group, but the result was not replicated in intervention group A. No changes were observed between the measurement points in bullying or violence at work. CONCLUSIONS No intervention effects on bullying and violence at work were observed. It may be worthwhile to develop the intervention further to focus more on supervisor and co-worker relationships and on psychosocial resources of work team.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piia Seppälä
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nina Olin
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - Mika Kivimäki
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland; Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; UCL Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jouko Remes
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jenni Ervasti
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.
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Basu N, Barinas J, Williams K, Clanton C, Smith PN. Understanding nurse suicide using an ideation-to-action framework: An integrative review. J Adv Nurs 2023; 79:4472-4488. [PMID: 37278387 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this integrative review was to explore, appraise and synthesize the current literature on correlates of suicide risk in nurses. DESIGN Integrative literature review. DATA SOURCES Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Joanna Briggs Institute, PubMed, PsycInfo and Scopus electronic databases were searched for abstracts published between 2005 and 2020. Reference lists were hand searched. REVIEW METHODS The integrative review was based on the Whittemore and Knafl review methodology. Primary qualitative and quantitative studies about suicidal behaviour in nurses published in peer-reviewed journals were included. The methodological quality of included articles was assessed using the Mixed Methods Assessment Tool. RESULTS Separate correlates of risk and protective factors were identified for suicidal ideation, suicide attempt and death by suicide in nurses. IMPLICATIONS Due to a number of factors at the individual, interpersonal and work levels, nurses are uniquely positioned to be at risk of dying by suicide. The ideation-to-action framework provides a theoretical guide to understand the interplay between correlates and the effect it has on increasing a nurses' capability for suicide. CONCLUSIONS This review integrates the empirical literature to elucidate the concept of suicidal behaviour as it applies to nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Basu
- University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
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Kabir H, Chowdhury SR, Roy AK, Chowdhury SA, Islam MN, Chomon RJ, Akter M, Hossain A. Association of workplace bullying and burnout with nurses' suicidal ideation in Bangladesh. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14641. [PMID: 37669987 PMCID: PMC10480219 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41594-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Suicidal ideation is a complex phenomenon influenced by several predisposing, contextual, and mediating factors that seem more common among healthcare workers, especially nurses. We investigated the association of bullying and burnout with suicidal ideation among Bangladeshi nurses and identified the associated factors. We conducted a cross-sectional study among 1264 nurses in Bangladesh between February 2021 and July 2021. We applied a modified Poisson regression model with robust error variance to determine the association of bullying and burnout with suicidal ideation. Among 1264 nurses, the female was 882 (70.02%), and the mean age was 28.41 (SD = 5.54) years. The prevalence of high levels of suicidal ideation was 13.26%. In the Poison regression model, high risk bullying (RR = 6.22, 95% CI 3.13-12.38), targeted to bullying (RR = 7.61, 95% CI 3.53-16.38), and burnout (RR = 8.95, 95% CI 2.84-28.20) were found to be significantly associated with suicidal ideation. Furthermore, we found significant interaction between workplace bullying and burnout with suicidal ideation (p < 0.05). The high prevalence of bullying, burnout, suicidal ideation, and their association indicate an unsafe workplace for the nurses. Initiatives are needed to make a favorable work environment to improve nurses' overall mental health and reduce suicide ideation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humayun Kabir
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh.
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (HEI), McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada.
| | - Saifur Rahman Chowdhury
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh.
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (HEI), McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada.
| | - Anjan Kumar Roy
- Department of Nursing and Health Science, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Samiul Amin Chowdhury
- Department of Public Health, Leading University, Sylhet, 3112, Bangladesh
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Md Nazrul Islam
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Rifat Jahan Chomon
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Masuda Akter
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Ahmed Hossain
- Health Services Administration, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Global Health Institute, North South University, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
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Luo Z, Wang J, Zhou Y, Mao Q, Lang B, Xu S. Workplace bullying and suicidal ideation and behaviour: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Public Health 2023; 222:166-174. [PMID: 37544128 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Suicidal ideation and behaviour are potential outcomes of workplace bullying. This review aimed to determine the extent of the association between workplace bullying and suicidal ideation and behaviour. STUDY DESIGN The study incorporated a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement was followed to conduct a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. A combination of subject terms and free words was used to search nine electronic databases. Two reviewers independently screened articles and extracted information according to the inclusion criteria. A meta-analysis was performed with averaged weighted correlations across samples using the STATA software (version 16.0) from pooled estimates of the main results from all studies. RESULTS In total, 25 articles of high or medium quality were included in the systematic review; 15 of these were included in the meta-analysis. The prevalence of suicidal ideation and behaviour was 18% and 4%, respectively. Individuals who experienced workplace bullying had 2.03-times and 2.67-times higher odds of reporting suicidal ideation and behaviour, respectively, after adjustment for confounding factors. Moderating and mediating factors may help reduce the risk of suicidal ideation and behaviour for individuals experiencing workplace bullying. CONCLUSION This study indicated that exposure to workplace bullying significantly increased the risk of suicidal ideation and behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Luo
- Hospital of Chengdu Office of People's Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region (West China Hospital Sichuan University Tibet Chengdu Branch Hospital), No. 20 Ximianqiao Hengjie, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - J Wang
- College of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Y Zhou
- College of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Q Mao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39, Shierqiao Road, Jinniu District, Chengdu 6100752, China
| | - B Lang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39, Shierqiao Road, Jinniu District, Chengdu 6100752, China
| | - S Xu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39, Shierqiao Road, Jinniu District, Chengdu 6100752, China
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Nielsen MB, Rosander M, Einarsen SV. Witnessing workplace bullying - protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual health and well-being outcomes. Syst Rev 2023; 12:119. [PMID: 37430318 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-023-02288-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most research on workplace bullying has examined the impact of the mistreatment on those exposed. Although bullying also is assumed to have significant ripple effects on bystanders, the empirical evidence for this line of research is highly fragmented and inconclusive. The overarching aim of this planned systematic review and meta-analysis is therefore to determine whether witnessing bullying of others at the workplace is associated with health problems and lower well-being among the observers. To achieve this aim, the review includes an assessment of which theoretical frameworks and methodological designs used in research so far and shed light on which confounders, mediators, and moderators that have been accounted for. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis will be conducted. Electronic databases will be searched using pre-defined search terms to identify relevant studies. Eligible studies should report empirical findings on any individual outcome variable assessed among witnesses to workplace harassment and bullying or any overlapping concept. Primary observational studies with cross-sectional or prospective research design, case-control studies, and studies with experimental designs will be included. Qualitative interviews and case studies will be excluded. The methodological quality of the included studies will be assessed with a previously established checklist for studies on workplace bullying. The quality of evidence for an association between witnessing bullying and potential outcomes will be evaluated in accordance with the GRADE system. A random effects meta-analysis will be conducted with the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software, version 3. DISCUSSION We expect that findings on outcomes of bystanding to workplace bullying will provide practitioners with an understanding of the effects workplace bullying may have also on non-targets and the workplace as a whole. Such information is important regarding the development and implementation of effective measures and interventions against bullying. In addition, the review will increase our understanding of existing research gaps and enable us to make recommendations to address them. Our work aligns with the sustainable development agenda to protect workers and reduce inequalities at the workplace. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO 342006.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Birkeland Nielsen
- National Institute of Occupational Health, PB 5330 Majorstuen, 0304, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Postboks 7807, 5020, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Michael Rosander
- Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, 581 83, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Ståle Valvatne Einarsen
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Postboks 7807, 5020, Bergen, Norway.
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Magnusson Hanson LL, Pentti J, Nordentoft M, Xu T, Rugulies R, Madsen IEH, Conway PM, Westerlund H, Vahtera J, Ervasti J, Batty GD, Kivimäki M. Association of workplace violence and bullying with later suicide risk: a multicohort study and meta-analysis of published data. Lancet Public Health 2023; 8:e494-e503. [PMID: 37393088 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-2667(23)00096-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Workplace offensive behaviours, such as violence and bullying, have been linked to psychological symptoms, but their potential impact on suicide risk remains unclear. We aimed to assess the association of workplace violence and bullying with the risk of death by suicide and suicide attempt in multiple cohort studies. METHODS In this multicohort study, we used individual-participant data from three prospective studies: the Finnish Public Sector study, the Swedish Work Environment Survey, and the Work Environment and Health in Denmark study. Workplace violence and bullying were self-reported at baseline. Participants were followed up for suicide attempt and death using linkage to national health records. We additionally searched the literature for published prospective studies and pooled our effect estimates with those from published studies. FINDINGS During 1 803 496 person-years at risk, we recorded 1103 suicide attempts or deaths in participants with data on workplace violence (n=205 048); the corresponding numbers for participants with data on workplace bullying (n=191 783) were 1144 suicide attempts or deaths in 1 960 796 person-years, which included data from one identified published study. Workplace violence was associated with an increased risk of suicide after basic adjustment for age, sex, educational level, and family situation (hazard ratio 1·34 [95% CI 1·15-1·56]) and full adjustment (additional adjustment for job demands, job control, and baseline health problems, 1·25 [1·08-1·47]). Where data on frequency were available, a stronger association was observed among people with frequent exposure to violence (1·75 [1·27-2·42]) than occasional violence (1·27 [1·04-1·56]). Workplace bullying was also associated with an increased suicide risk (1·32 [1·09-1·59]), but the association was attenuated after adjustment for baseline mental health problems (1·16 [0·96-1·41]). INTERPRETATION Observational data from three Nordic countries suggest that workplace violence is associated with an increased suicide risk, highlighting the importance of effective prevention of violent behaviours at workplaces. FUNDING Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare, Academy of Finland, Finnish Work Environment Fund, and Danish Working Environment Research Fund.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jaana Pentti
- Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mads Nordentoft
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tianwei Xu
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Reiner Rugulies
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ida E H Madsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Hugo Westerlund
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jussi Vahtera
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jenni Ervasti
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - G David Batty
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mika Kivimäki
- Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland; UCL Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK
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Ervasti J, Pentti J, Seppälä P, Ropponen A, Virtanen M, Elovainio M, Chandola T, Kivimäki M, Airaksinen J. Prediction of bullying at work: A data-driven analysis of the Finnish public sector cohort study. Soc Sci Med 2023; 317:115590. [PMID: 36463685 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine the extent to which change in (i.e., start and end of) workplace bullying can be predicted by employee responses to standard workplace surveys. METHODS Responses to an 87-item survey from 48,537 Finnish public sector employees at T1 (2017-2018) and T2 (2019-2020) were analyzed with least-absolute-shrinkage-and-selection-operator (LASSO) regression. The predictors were modelled both at the individual- and the work unit level. Outcomes included both the start and the end of bullying. Predictive performance was evaluated with C-indices and density plots. RESULTS The model with best predictive ability predicted the start of bullying with individual-level predictors, had a C-index of 0.68 and included 25 variables, of which 6 remained in a more parsimonious model: discrimination at work unit, unreasonably high workload, threat that some work tasks will be terminated, working in a work unit where everyone did not feel they are understood and accepted, having a supervisor who was not highly trusted, and a shorter time in current position. Other models performed even worse, either from the point of view of predictive performance, or practical useability. DISCUSSION While many bivariate associations between socioeconomic characteristics, work characteristics, leadership, team climate, and job satisfaction were observed, reliable individualized detection of individuals at risk of becoming bullied at workplace was not successful. The predictive performance of the developed risk scores was suboptimal, and we do not recommend their use as an individual-level risk prediction tool. However, they might be useful tool to inform decision-making when planning the contents of interventions to prevent bullying at an organizational level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenni Ervasti
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Jaana Pentti
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland; Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Piia Seppälä
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Annina Ropponen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland; Department Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marianna Virtanen
- Department Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Marko Elovainio
- Finnish Institute of Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tarani Chandola
- School of Social Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Mika Kivimäki
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland; Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Mental Health of Older People, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jaakko Airaksinen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland; Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
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Prevalence and Associated Factors of Suicidal Ideation among Almeda Textile Factory Workers in Adwa, Tigray, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:9459186. [PMID: 36588536 PMCID: PMC9800075 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9459186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Suicidal ideation among textile factory workers is a major public health concern worldwide and is associated with a higher risk of completed suicide. However, there are limited studies that determined the prevalence and the potential determinants of suicidal ideation in Africa, including Ethiopia. Therefore, this study is aimed at exploring the prevalence of suicidal ideation and associated factors among textile factory workers in Almeda textile factory in Adwa, Ethiopia. Methods An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from May 3, 2020, to June 16, 2020, at Almeda textile factory in Adwa. A total of 409 workers were identified using a systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire using suicidality module of Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0, and logistic regression model was employed. Adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was computed, and statistical significance was declared at p value < 0.05. Result In this study, the prevalence of suicidal ideation was found to be 8.8% (95% CI: 6.1, 11.5). Working more than 48 hours per week (AOR = 2.88, 95% CI: 1.18, 7.04), depression (AOR = 3.90, 95% CI: 1.60, 9.50), work-related physical injury (AOR = 5.95, 95% CI: 2.37, 14.94), and interpersonal conflict (AOR = 3.54, 95% CI: 1.40, 8.90) were the significant factors associated with suicidal ideation. Conclusion and Recommendation. In this study, suicidal ideation among Almeda textile production workers was a significant problem. Factors including depression, work-related exposure to physical injury, long working hour, and interpersonal conflict can enlarge suicidal ideation.
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Beschoner P, Jerg-Bretzke L, Braun M, Schönfeldt-Lecuona C, Rottler E, Brück A, Steiner L, Kempf MJ, von Wietersheim J. [Mobbing Among Hospital Physicians]. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2022; 84:1094-1100. [PMID: 34905784 DOI: 10.1055/a-1581-7896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bullying in the workplace is considered an interpersonal stress factor. Occupational stress and mental health among physicians is increasingly becoming the focus of public attention. The extent to which mobbing plays a role in this has hardly been investigated yet. The aim of this study is to provide data on the prevalence of bullying among hospital physicians in Germany and possible correlations with occupational stress and mental health. METHODS Within the framework of two cross-sectional studies, 692 hospital physicians in the field of psychiatry/psychotherapy (P/PT) and 667 hospital physicians in intensive care (IM) were interviewed at conferences. Standardized questionnaires on mobbing experience, occupational stress and mental health (single item from COPSOQ, BDI-II, ERI, MBI) were used. RESULTS Bullying was experienced by 4.6% (n=61) of the respondents. IM and women physicians were more often affected (not significant) and correlations with occupational stress (ERI), overcommitment (OC), emotional exhaustion (MBI) and depression (BDI-II) were found. CONCLUSION Our data on a large cohort of physicians in specialties with different exposure profiles show that a relevant proportion is affected by bullying and that bullying is related to the experience of occupational stress as well as mental health impairments. From this, implications for institutional and individual prevention and support services can be derived.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Beschoner
- Klinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm, Deutschland
| | - Lucia Jerg-Bretzke
- Klinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm, Deutschland
| | - Maxi Braun
- Artemed Kliniken GmbH und Co KG, Psychosomatische Klinik Kloster Dießen, Diessen, Deutschland
| | | | - Edit Rottler
- Klinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm, Deutschland
| | - Aniela Brück
- Klinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm, Deutschland
| | - Laurenz Steiner
- Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Mannheim, Mannheim, Deutschland
| | | | - Jörn von Wietersheim
- Klinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm, Deutschland
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Associations between humiliation, shame, self-harm and suicidal behaviours among adolescents and young adults: A systematic review protocol. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278122. [PMID: 36417449 PMCID: PMC9683542 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide is the second leading cause of death among young people worldwide and remains a major public health concern. Research indicates that negative social contexts involving familial and peer relationships, have far-reaching influences on levels of suicidal behaviours in later life. Previous systematic reviews have focused on evaluating associations between negative life events such as abuse and bullying in childhood and subsequent self-harm or suicidality. However, the association between adolescent experiences of humiliation and shame, and subsequent self-harm or suicidal behaviour among children and young adults has not been well examined. As such, this systematic review is conducted to examine the prevalence and association between humiliation and shame and self-harm, suicidal ideation, and death by suicide among adolescents and young adults. METHODS A systematic literature search in extant electronic databases including; MEDLINE, Web of Science Core Collection, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Embase will be conducted to identify potential studies. Google Scholar, and the reference list of the retrieved articles and/or previous systematic reviews in this area, will also be scanned to identify further potential studies. ProQuest will be searched to identify relevant studies available within grey literature. There are no restrictions on the date of publications. Based on our initial review, the following terms were identified: Population: Adolescent (MESH), young adult (MESH), teen, teenage. Exposure: Humiliation, degradation, shame (MESH) or embarrassment (MESH), harassment victimisation, abasement. Outcome: Self-injurious behaviour (MESH), suicide (MESH), suicide attempted (MESH), suicide completed (MESH), self-harm, intentional self-injury, deliberate self-harm, overdose, deliberate self-poisoning, non-suicidal self-injury, self-mutilation, suicidal thought, suicidal ideation, suicidal intent, suicide. At least one term from each category will be used for conducting the literature search. All original quantitative studies published in the English language which examined the prevalence or association between humiliation or shame and self-harm and/or suicidal ideation and/or completed suicide will be included. The studies will be assessed for methodological quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools. Narrative synthesis will be performed for all of the studies. If the studies are sufficiently homogenous, the results will be pooled for a meta-analysis. This systematic review protocol followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocol (PRISMA-P) guidelines. The protocol has been registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) [CRD42022289843]. DISCUSSION This is the first review to synthesise evidence on the prevalence of, and associations between the experiences of humiliation and shame and subsequent self-harm and/or suicidal behaviours among adolescents and young adults. As there is growing evidence on increased self-harm among this age group, it is important to identify population-specific risk factors for self-harm and suicidality which will have significance in formulating tailored and effective treatment and therapeutic services for adolescents and young adults.
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Tsuno K, Tabuchi T. Risk factors for workplace bullying, severe psychological distress and suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic among the general working population in Japan: a large-scale cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e059860. [PMID: 36323475 PMCID: PMC9638740 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the risk factors for workplace bullying and mental health outcomes among workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. SETTING A nationwide online survey was conducted from August to September 2020 in Japan. PARTICIPANTS 16 384 workers (men: n=9565; women: n=6789). MAIN OUTCOME VARIABLES Workplace bullying was measured by one item from the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire; severe psychological distress according to the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (≥13) and suicidal ideation by one item. Prevalence ratios were calculated by modified Poisson regression analyses adjusting for potential confounders such as gender, age, occupational characteristics and a prior history of depression. RESULTS Overall, 15% of workers experienced workplace bullying, 9% had severe psychological distress and 12% had suicidal ideation during the second and third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. The results of this study showed men, executives, managers and permanent employees had a higher risk of bullying than women or part-time workers. Increased physical and psychological demands were common risk factors for bullying, severe psychological distress and suicidal ideation. Starting to work from home was a significant predictor for adverse mental health outcomes but a preventive factor against workplace bullying. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study showed different high-risk groups for bullying or mental health during the pandemic. Any intervention to decrease workplace bullying or mental health problems should focus not only on previously reported vulnerable workers but also workers who have experienced a change in work style or job demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanami Tsuno
- School of Health Innovation, Kanagawa University of Human Services, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tabuchi
- Osaka International Cancer Institute Cancer Control Center, Osaka, Osaka, Japan
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Knight L, Kiss L, Kyamulabi A, Kasalirwe F, Allen E, Datzberger S, Walakira E, Parkes J, Naker D, Devries K, Tanton C. Workplace Violence Against Adolescents, Uganda, 2014–2019. Am J Public Health 2022; 112:1651-1661. [DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2022.306983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Objectives. To describe the prevalence of and risk factors for workplace violence among Ugandan adolescents. Methods. The analysis focused on adolescents recruited at primary schools who participated in the endline survey of a trial in 2014 (at ages 11–14 years) and were followed up in 2018–2019 (at ages 17–19 years). The analysis was restricted to those engaged in past-year paid work (n = 1406). We estimated the prevalence of past-year workplace violence and used mixed-effects multivariable logistic regression to explore associations with characteristics measured in early adolescence, current life circumstances, and work-related factors. Methods. The analysis focused on adolescents recruited at primary schools who participated in a 2014 survey and were followed up in 2018–2019. The analysis was restricted to those engaged in past-year paid work (n = 1406). We estimated the prevalence of past-year workplace violence and used mixed-effects multivariable logistic regression to explore associations with characteristics measured in early adolescence, current life circumstances, and work-related factors. Results. Overall, 40% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 37%, 43%) of adolescents in paid work experienced past-year workplace violence; odds were doubled among female domestic workers (vs retail/trade workers; adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.07; 95% CI = 1.28, 3.35). Experiences measured in early adolescence, including eating less than 3 meals the previous day, experiencing severe physical violence (male adolescents: AOR = 1.48; 95% CI = 1.11, 1.98; female adolescents: AOR = 1.69; 95% CI = 1.13, 2.53) and bullying, and having poor mental health (male adolescents: AOR = 2.32 95% CI = 1.37, 3.92; female adolescents: AOR = 2.27; 95% CI = 1.05, 4.89), were associated with increased odds of workplace violence. Current life circumstances (fewer household assets, more moves, functional difficulties, poorer mental health) were also associated with workplace violence. Conclusions. Interventions are needed to address the high prevalence of workplace violence across all sectors, with female domestic workers particularly vulnerable. Early prevention of violence and poor mental health may be promising. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(11):1651–1661. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.306983 )
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Knight
- Louise Knight, Elizabeth Allen, Karen Devries, and Clare Tanton are with the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. Ligia Kiss is with University College London. Agnes Kyamulabi, Fred Kasalirwe, and Eddy Walakira are with Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. Simone Datzberger and Jenny Parkes are with the University College London Institute of Education. Dipak Naker is with Raising Voices, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Ligia Kiss
- Louise Knight, Elizabeth Allen, Karen Devries, and Clare Tanton are with the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. Ligia Kiss is with University College London. Agnes Kyamulabi, Fred Kasalirwe, and Eddy Walakira are with Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. Simone Datzberger and Jenny Parkes are with the University College London Institute of Education. Dipak Naker is with Raising Voices, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Agnes Kyamulabi
- Louise Knight, Elizabeth Allen, Karen Devries, and Clare Tanton are with the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. Ligia Kiss is with University College London. Agnes Kyamulabi, Fred Kasalirwe, and Eddy Walakira are with Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. Simone Datzberger and Jenny Parkes are with the University College London Institute of Education. Dipak Naker is with Raising Voices, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Fred Kasalirwe
- Louise Knight, Elizabeth Allen, Karen Devries, and Clare Tanton are with the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. Ligia Kiss is with University College London. Agnes Kyamulabi, Fred Kasalirwe, and Eddy Walakira are with Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. Simone Datzberger and Jenny Parkes are with the University College London Institute of Education. Dipak Naker is with Raising Voices, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Elizabeth Allen
- Louise Knight, Elizabeth Allen, Karen Devries, and Clare Tanton are with the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. Ligia Kiss is with University College London. Agnes Kyamulabi, Fred Kasalirwe, and Eddy Walakira are with Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. Simone Datzberger and Jenny Parkes are with the University College London Institute of Education. Dipak Naker is with Raising Voices, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Simone Datzberger
- Louise Knight, Elizabeth Allen, Karen Devries, and Clare Tanton are with the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. Ligia Kiss is with University College London. Agnes Kyamulabi, Fred Kasalirwe, and Eddy Walakira are with Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. Simone Datzberger and Jenny Parkes are with the University College London Institute of Education. Dipak Naker is with Raising Voices, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Eddy Walakira
- Louise Knight, Elizabeth Allen, Karen Devries, and Clare Tanton are with the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. Ligia Kiss is with University College London. Agnes Kyamulabi, Fred Kasalirwe, and Eddy Walakira are with Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. Simone Datzberger and Jenny Parkes are with the University College London Institute of Education. Dipak Naker is with Raising Voices, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Jenny Parkes
- Louise Knight, Elizabeth Allen, Karen Devries, and Clare Tanton are with the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. Ligia Kiss is with University College London. Agnes Kyamulabi, Fred Kasalirwe, and Eddy Walakira are with Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. Simone Datzberger and Jenny Parkes are with the University College London Institute of Education. Dipak Naker is with Raising Voices, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Dipak Naker
- Louise Knight, Elizabeth Allen, Karen Devries, and Clare Tanton are with the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. Ligia Kiss is with University College London. Agnes Kyamulabi, Fred Kasalirwe, and Eddy Walakira are with Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. Simone Datzberger and Jenny Parkes are with the University College London Institute of Education. Dipak Naker is with Raising Voices, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Karen Devries
- Louise Knight, Elizabeth Allen, Karen Devries, and Clare Tanton are with the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. Ligia Kiss is with University College London. Agnes Kyamulabi, Fred Kasalirwe, and Eddy Walakira are with Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. Simone Datzberger and Jenny Parkes are with the University College London Institute of Education. Dipak Naker is with Raising Voices, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Clare Tanton
- Louise Knight, Elizabeth Allen, Karen Devries, and Clare Tanton are with the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. Ligia Kiss is with University College London. Agnes Kyamulabi, Fred Kasalirwe, and Eddy Walakira are with Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. Simone Datzberger and Jenny Parkes are with the University College London Institute of Education. Dipak Naker is with Raising Voices, Kampala, Uganda
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Tsuno K, Kawakami N, Tsutsumi A, Shimazu A, Inoue A, Odagiri Y, Shimomitsu T. Victimization and witnessing of workplace bullying and physician-diagnosed physical and mental health and organizational outcomes: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265863. [PMID: 36288324 PMCID: PMC9603991 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Compared to the numerous reports on mental health outcomes of workplace bullying victims, research on organizational outcomes of witnesses and physical health outcomes of victims and witnesses is scarce. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between bullying victimization and witnessing and various physical and mental health outcomes and organizational outcomes such as sickness absence, work performance, and job satisfaction. Methods This study used cross-sectional data from a nationally representative, community-based sample of 5,000 Japanese residents aged 20–60. We analyzed data from 1,496 respondents after excluding those not working at the time of the survey and those with missing values. Workplace bullying, psychological distress, physical complaints, and job satisfaction were assessed with the New Brief Job Stress Questionnaire and work performance with the World Health Organization’s Health and Work Performance Questionnaire. In addition, subjective health status, physician-diagnosed mental or physical illness, and sickness absence were asked as one item. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis or Poisson regression analysis was conducted to assess the association between victimization/witnessing workplace bullying and health and organizational outcomes. Results Both victimization and witnessing workplace bullying were significantly associated with psychological distress, physical complaints, subjective poor health, physician-diagnosed mental disorders, and job dissatisfaction. Victimization of workplace bullying was further associated with physician-diagnosed respiratory diseases, sickness absence (≥7 days), and poor work performance. Victims were absent from work for 4.5 more sick days and had 11.2% lower work performance than non-victims. Conclusions The results showed that both victimization and witnessing workplace bullying were significantly associated with physical and mental outcomes and various organizational outcomes. Organizations should implement further measures to prevent personal and organizational losses due to workplace bullying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanami Tsuno
- School of Health Innovation, Kanagawa University of Human Services, Kawasaki, Japan
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Norito Kawakami
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akizumi Tsutsumi
- Department of Public Health, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Akihito Shimazu
- Faculty of Policy Management, Keio University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Akiomi Inoue
- Institutional Research Center, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Yuko Odagiri
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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Association of Workplace Bullying with Suicide Ideation and Attempt Among Chinese Nurses During the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2022:10.1007/s10880-022-09915-3. [PMID: 36272037 PMCID: PMC9589744 DOI: 10.1007/s10880-022-09915-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Nurses experience a high incidence of workplace bullying and are at a higher risk of suicide than the general population. However, there is no empirical evidence on how exposure to workplace bullying is associated with suicide ideation and attempts among nurses. Nurses were recruited from tertiary hospitals in Shandong Province, China, using stratified cluster sampling. Suicide ideation and attempts were assessed using two items, and the Workplace Psychologically Violent Behaviors Instrument was used to measure subtypes of workplace bullying. The prevalence of workplace bullying, suicide ideation, and suicide attempts was 30.6%, 16.8%, and 10.8%, respectively. After adjusting for covariates, victims of workplace bullying were at a high risk of suicide ideation and attempts. Among workplace bullying subtypes, individuals’ isolation from work and direct negative behaviors were predictors of both suicide ideation and attempts; attack on personality only predicted suicide attempts. The more bullying subtypes experienced by nurses, the greater their likelihood of suicide ideation and attempts. These findings suggested that workplace bullying was associated with an increased risk of suicide ideation and attempts in nurses, with both independent and cumulative risks. Interventions should focus on prevention and managing the effects of workplace bullying among nurses.
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Kiprillis N, Gray R, McKenna L. Psychometric qualities of measurement tools used to determine workplace horizontal violence: A rapid review. J Eval Clin Pract 2022; 28:653-669. [PMID: 34986518 DOI: 10.1111/jep.13651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED RATIONALE AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: Horizontal violence has been defined as aggressive or hostile behaviour directed at an individual or between colleagues from the same working group. Measuring the prevalence of horizontal violence requires valid measures. To date, there has not been a review of the psychometric properties of available measurement tools for horizontal violence. METHOD A rapid review of the MEDLINE and BUSINESS EBSCO databases was conducted to identify studies testing the validity of any measure of horizontal violence in any workplace setting. Title and abstract and full-text screening, data extraction and quality appraisal were completed by two researchers working independently. The COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) was used to determine the methodological quality of studies, including details of the psychometric properties of included papers. RESULTS Fourteen papers reporting 17 studies were included in the review. Seven measures of horizontal violence (Civility Norms Questionnaire Brief; Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised; Inventory of Violence and Psychological Harassment; Leyman Inventory Psychological Terror Mobbing of Single Cases of Harassment in Employees Relations; Shortened Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised; Uncivil Workplace Behaviour Questionnaire) were identified. Most included studies were methodologically robust. Six measures had strong psychometric properties except for the Mobbing of Single Cases of Harassment in Employees Relations (MSCH) where key information about psychometric properties was not reported. CONCLUSIONS We identified six measures of horizontal violence that had good psychometric properties. The Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised has been most extensively tested in different settings but is not necessarily a more precise measure than others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelleen Kiprillis
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard Gray
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lisa McKenna
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
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Nielsen MB, Finne LB, Parveen S, Einarsen SV. Assessing Workplace Bullying and Its Outcomes: The Paradoxical Role of Perceived Power Imbalance Between Target and Perpetrator. Front Psychol 2022; 13:907204. [PMID: 35774968 PMCID: PMC9237549 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.907204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the role of perceived power relation between target and perpetrator regarding victimization and turnover intent following exposure to bullying behavior at the workplace. We hypothesized that (1) targets of bullying behavior who self-label as victims experiences a larger power imbalance with the perpetrator compared to targets who do not self-label as victims, and (2) that the association between exposure to bullying behavior and intent to leave the job is stronger when there is power balance between target and perpetrator than when there is a power imbalance. The hypotheses were tested in a probability sample of employees working in the child welfare service in Oslo municipality, Norway, and that had been exposed to at least one instance of mistreatment from a colleague at their workplace (N = 374). Targets of bullying behavior whom self-labeled as victims reported a larger power imbalance with the perpetrator. Supporting the study hypothesis, and representing a reverse buffering effect, exposure to bullying behavior was most strongly associated with intent to leave among targets in power balance with the perpetrator. For targets in a perceived power imbalance, both low and high exposure to bullying behavior were associated with higher levels of intent to leave. These findings highlight the importance of implementing measures directed at preventing bullying and other forms of mistreatment, irrespective of the power relation between the two parties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Birkeland Nielsen
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- *Correspondence: Morten Birkeland Nielsen
| | | | - Sana Parveen
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
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De Hoe R, Janssen F. Re-creation After Business Failure: A Conceptual Model of the Mediating Role of Psychological Capital. Front Psychol 2022; 13:842590. [PMID: 35310260 PMCID: PMC8924356 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.842590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In case of failure, entrepreneurs could endure various financial, psychological, and social costs. These intertwined costs could affect their learning from failure. All individuals do not react in the same way when dealing with adversity. Rather than focusing on (negative) consequences of business failure, we took a more positive approach by using the Conservation of Resources (COR) model theory to build our conceptual model. Psychological capital, which refers to “an individual’s positive psychological state of development characterized by high levels of self-efficacy, optimism, hope, and resilience,” could be considered as a resource to recover from entrepreneurial setbacks. We suggest that a high level of psychological capital plays a mediating role in the relationship between the negative consequences of failure and learning from failure. By learning from this experience, failed entrepreneurs will increase their intention to re-create a venture and pursue their entrepreneurial career. This theoretical research, by building a conceptual model based on resources, offers a more positive approach of entrepreneurial failure and investigates key psychological assets, such as psychological capital, that support the development of entrepreneurial resilience rather than the prevention of business failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxane De Hoe
- ICHEC Brussels Management School, Brussels, Belgium.,Louvain Research Institute in Management and Organizations, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Frank Janssen
- Louvain Research Institute in Management and Organizations, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
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Ervasti J, Seppälä P, Olin N, Kalavainen S, Heikkilä H, Aalto V, Kivimäki M. Effectiveness of a workplace intervention to reduce workplace bullying and violence at work: study protocol for a two-wave quasi-experimental intervention study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e053664. [PMID: 35264345 PMCID: PMC8915301 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bullying and violence at work are relatively common in Finnish public sector workplaces. Previous research has demonstrated their association with increased risk of poor health and well-being, but only few intervention studies exist. The aim of this protocol paper is to describe the development and assessment of the effectiveness of a workplace intervention aimed at reducing these harmful phenomena. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This protocol describes a two-wave quasi-experimental intervention. Each of the three participating Finnish public sector organisations (cities) will select four work units (a total of 450-500 employees) to participate in an intervention including 2-3 workshops for the work unit, 2-3 consultative meetings with the supervisor of the work unit, a follow-up meeting for the entire work unit (a maximum of 6-month time lag) and online meetings with the supervisor to monitor achievements and discuss about difficult cases, if any. Three age-matched, sex-matched and occupation-matched controls for each participants of the intervention group will be randomly selected, a total 1350-1500 individuals in the control group. For intervention and control groups, premeasurement is based on responses to a survey that was conducted in 2020. Postintervention measurement will be based on survey responses in 2022. Data will be analysed using latent change score modelling or difference-in-difference analysis. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approvals are from the Ethics committees of the Helsinki and Uusimaa hospital district and the Finnish institute of Occupational Health. Results will be made available to participating organisations and their employees, the funder and other researchers via open access article in a peer-reviewed journal and subsequent reporting of the results via social media channels and press release to the public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenni Ervasti
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Uusimaa, Finland
| | | | - Nina Olin
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Uusimaa, Finland
| | | | - Heli Heikkilä
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Uusimaa, Finland
| | - Ville Aalto
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Uusimaa, Finland
| | - Mika Kivimäki
- University of Helsinki, Faculty of Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
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Al Muharraq EH, Baker OG, Alallah SM. The Prevalence and The Relationship of Workplace Bullying and Nurses Turnover Intentions: A Cross Sectional Study. SAGE Open Nurs 2022; 8:23779608221074655. [PMID: 35097205 PMCID: PMC8796075 DOI: 10.1177/23779608221074655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Sustaining a healthy work environment is a major challenge for health care organizations worldwide. Nursing professionals are often exposed to workplace bullying, which imposes serious challenges to nursing retention. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of workplace bullying and turnover intention among nurses, and to investigate the relationship between workplace bullying and nurse turnover. Methods: A cross-sectional correlational design. Convenience sampling was applied, whereby 347 nurses working in a tertiary medical city in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, were recruited. Data were collected using the Negative Acts Questionnaire and the Anticipated Turnover Scale. Results: The rate of workplace bullying was high, bullying occurred at a cumulative rate of 33.4% (n = 116). Work related bullying behaviors formed the most common bullying acts with (34.5%) followed by personal bullying with (31.1%) meanwhile physical intimidating accounted by (25.6%). Among the participants, 31.7% exhibited a high turnover intention. The demographic variable age was revealing an inverse correlation with workplace bullying. There was a positive significant correlation between workplace bullying and turnover intentions (r = .24, p < 0.01). Conclusion: The alarming prevalence of both bullying and turnover intention among participants confirms that when nurses are exposed to workplace bullying, they are more likely to demonstrate an increased intention for turnover. Managers are urged to use proper enforcement of anti-bullying policies along with education and training to create a healthy environment and mitigate workplace bullying.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Omar G. Baker
- Community, Psychiatric & Mental Health Nursing Department, College of Nursing, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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26
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Ross DV, Mathieu DS, Wardhani MR, Gullestrup MJ, Kõlves DK. Suicidal ideation and related factors in construction industry apprentices. J Affect Disord 2022; 297:294-300. [PMID: 34710501 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.10.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide rates within the construction industry are disproportionately high and there is accumulating evidence suggesting that young apprentices working in this industry may be particularly vulnerable. This study examined the presence of suicidal ideation and exposure to suicidal behaviours in construction industry apprentices, and explored associations between suicidal ideation and other demographic, workplace, and psychosocial factors. METHODS A large sample of apprentices were recruited for the study (N = 1402). The study employed a cross-sectional survey design. In addition to demographic items, the survey asked questions relating to suicidal ideation in the past year, exposure to suicidal behaviours, substance use, stress management, workplace bullying, psychological distress, and well-being. RESULTS Nearly one third of apprentices reported suicidal ideation in the previous year, and approximately half to two-thirds knew someone who had either attempted or died by suicide. Suicidal ideation was associated with knowing someone who had attempted suicide, greater psychological distress, substance use, and poorer well-being. LIMITATIONS The response rate was low. There were also portions of missing data. Multiple imputation was used to help overcome this, and results from the sensitivity analyses are presented. The cross-sectional design is another limitation. CONCLUSION Suicidal ideation in construction apprentices is common and is associated with poorer overall mental health and well-being, substance use, and knowing others who have attempted suicide. These findings can help inform the development of tailored workplace suicide prevention activities for apprentices at-risk of suicide and poor mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dr Victoria Ross
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Mount Gravatt, QLD, Australia.
| | - Dr Sharna Mathieu
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Mount Gravatt, QLD, Australia
| | - Ms Rachmania Wardhani
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Mount Gravatt, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Dr Kairi Kõlves
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Mount Gravatt, QLD, Australia
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Work-related stress presents a significant impact on work performance and physical health. It has been associated with the onset of a multitude of symptoms. The main aim of this investigation is to better understand the impact of post-traumatic stress symptomatology, using a specific self-assessment questionnaire, in subjects experiencing occupational stress with the rationale to address the variegated symptoms expressed by this particular population in a post-traumatic dimensional perspective. METHODS Authors collected socio-demographic, occupational, and clinical data. They utilized Trauma and Loss Spectrum Self Report (TALS-SR), a questionnaire investigating post-traumatic stress symptoms. The population size was 345 subjects who presented at the Occupational Health Department of a university hospital over a 3 years period (2016-2018). RESULTS Data analysis revealed 33.9% of subjects who met post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) criteria. Gender distribution of this set was (36.4% female, 31% male). A family history or personal history of mental disorders were related to higher scores in almost all TALS-SR domains and were related, respectively, to higher scores of criterion B "intrusion symptoms" (P = .014), criterion D "negative alterations in cognitions and mood" (P = .023), and criterion E "arousal" (P = .033) of PTSD. Differences in TALS-SR scores also emerged based on age and gender. CONCLUSIONS PTSD symptoms manifest at a significant level in those who experience work-related stress. Personal background of individuals, both in terms of family and personal history for mental disorders, seems to increase their vulnerability to develop post-traumatic stress symptoms. This study suggests the importance of evaluating occupational stress from a post-traumatic stress perspective also at an early stage.
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Socioeconomic Status, Mental Health, and Workplace Determinants among Working Adults in Hong Kong: A Latent Class Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18157894. [PMID: 34360188 PMCID: PMC8345757 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18157894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study provides insights on mental health correlates and work stress patterns in a representative sample of working adults in Hong Kong using an intersectional perspective. Using data from a cross-sectional, population-based telephone survey of 1007 working adults in Hong Kong, latent class analysis was conducted to identify socioeconomic classes within the sample. Three latent classes were identified, and they differed significantly in all the SES variables. Results suggested mental health to be the lowest in Class 1, the lowest income group. The three classes did not differ from their perceived level of job demand and control in work-related stress. Predictably, the highest income group perceived the lowest level of effort-reward imbalance. The lowest paid class was also reported perceiving the lowest level of relational justice. Different barriers to mental health services were also identified. Finally, cultural implications associated with work stress patterns, research, and practice implications are discussed. This study provides an empirical foundation for future studies to investigate patterns of job stress and mental health needs in a diverse population of working adults, with a particular focus on addressing the intersectional profiles of working adults and their needs in mental health services.
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Chapman J, Roche AM, Duraisingam V, Ledner B, Finnane J, Pidd K. Exploring the relationship between psychological distress and likelihood of help seeking in construction workers: The role of talking to workmates and knowing how to get help. Work 2021; 67:47-54. [PMID: 32955473 DOI: 10.3233/wor-203251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health problems are prevalent in male-dominated industries such as construction, where suicide rates are higher than the population average and help seeking is typically low. OBJECTIVE To examine psychological distress in Australian construction workers and its relationship with help seeking via two hypothesised mediators: confidence in knowing how to get help and confidence in talking to workmates about mental health issues. METHODS Workers (N = 511) completed a survey that assessed psychological distress, likelihood of help seeking, and confidence in knowing how to get help and talking to workmates. Bootstrapped multiple mediation analysis was performed using the PROCESS macro for SPSS. RESULTS Psychological distress was higher than national estimates and most prevalent in men aged 25-44. Controlling for age and ability to recognise personal signs of mental health problems, psychological distress negatively predicted likelihood of help seeking. This relationship was partially mediated by knowing how to get help and confidence in talking to workmates. CONCLUSIONS Results highlight the need to redress and mitigate mental health problems among high-risk groups of male workers. It provides useful guidance on multilevel workplace strategies to reduce stigma, enhance confidence and comfort in the process of seeking help and support in construction and other male-dominated industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Chapman
- National Centre for Education and Training on Addiction (NCETA), Flinders University, SA, Australia
| | - Ann M Roche
- National Centre for Education and Training on Addiction (NCETA), Flinders University, SA, Australia
| | - Vinita Duraisingam
- National Centre for Education and Training on Addiction (NCETA), Flinders University, SA, Australia
| | - Brooke Ledner
- National Centre for Education and Training on Addiction (NCETA), Flinders University, SA, Australia.,Building Trades Group Drug and Alcohol Program, Rozelle, NSW, Australia
| | - Jim Finnane
- Building Trades Group Drug and Alcohol Program, Rozelle, NSW, Australia
| | - Ken Pidd
- National Centre for Education and Training on Addiction (NCETA), Flinders University, SA, Australia
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Sterud T, Degerud E, Skare Ø, Hanvold TN, Christensen JO. Adverse social behaviour at the workplace and subsequent physician certified sick leave: a three-wave prospective study of the general working population in Norway. Occup Environ Med 2021; 78:oemed-2020-106973. [PMID: 33514587 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2020-106973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to provide an integrated picture of the relationship between different facets of adverse social behaviour (ASB) at the workplace and sick leave. METHODS Data from a randomly drawn prospective cohort of the general working population. Eligible respondents were interviewed in 2009, 2013 or 2016, and were registered with an employee relationship of at least 50 working days in the national register the year following the survey interviews (n=21 674 observations/13 470 respondents). We investigated the prospective associations of self-reported exposure to ASB, including threats/acts of violence, bullying and sexual harassment, with physician-certified sick leave of 1-16 days (ie, low level of sick leave (LLSL)) and >16 days (ie, high level of sick leave (HLSL)) by means of mixed effects logistic regression. RESULTS The prevalence of sick leave was 18.4% (n=3986 observations) for LLSL and 16.1% (n=3492 observations) for HLSL. The different facets of ASB were independently associated with higher odds of sick leave, with stronger associations for HLSL than for LLSL. Adjusted for sex, age, education level, occupation, previous sickness absence level, OR (95% CI) for HLSL was 1.97 (1.61 to 2.35) for threats/acts of violence, 1.97 (1.53 to 2.54) for bullying and 1.41 (1.10 to 1.79) for sexual harassment. The population risks of LLSL and HLSL attributable to ASB were 5.27 (95% CI 1.85 to 8.81) and 8.27% (95% CI 4.01 to 12.48), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Threats/acts of violence, bullying and sexual harassment were all independent predictors of sick leave, with threats/acts of violence appearing as the single most important factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Sterud
- National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Oslo, Norway
| | - Eirik Degerud
- National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Oslo, Norway
| | - Øivind Skare
- National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Oslo, Norway
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Tsutsumi A. Suicide prevention for workers in the era of with- and after-Corona. ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH PRACTICE 2021. [DOI: 10.1539/eohp.2020-0020-op] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Akizumi Tsutsumi
- Department of Public Health, Kitasato University School of Medicine
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32
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Aristidou L, Mpouzika M, Papathanassoglou EDE, Middleton N, Karanikola MNK. Association Between Workplace Bullying Occurrence and Trauma Symptoms Among Healthcare Professionals in Cyprus. Front Psychol 2020; 11:575623. [PMID: 33281676 PMCID: PMC7688662 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.575623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Workplace bullying/mobbing is an extreme work-related stressor, but also a severe hazard for physical, mental and psychological health in healthcare employees, including nurses. A range of trauma-related symptoms has been linked with bullying victimization. The aim of the study was the investigation of workplace bullying/mobbing-related trauma symptoms in Greek-Cypriot nurses working in emergency and critical care settings, as well as of potential correlations with demographic and occupational variables. A descriptive, cross-sectional correlational study was performed in a convenience sample of 113 nurses. A modified version of the Part B.CII of The Workplace Violence in the Health Sector-Country Case Studies Research Instrument (WVHS-CCSRI Part C.II-M) and the modified Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale (STSS-M) were used for the assessment of bullying/mobbing frequency and workplace bullying/mobbing-related trauma symptoms, respectively. A total of 46.9% of the sample reported experiences of both bullying/mobbing victimization and witnessing of bullying/mobbing to others (VWB subgroup), 21.2% reported solely bullying/mobbing victimization (SVB subgroup) and 10.6% reported witnessing of bullying/mobbing to others (SWB subgroup). A total of 22.3% did not experience or witness any bullying/mobbing at the workplace. Trauma symptoms intensity (STSS-M total score) was more severe in the participants a) with a high frequency of workplace bullying/mobbing experiences compared to those with a moderate frequency of such experiences (p = 0.018), b) of the VWB subgroup compared to those of the SWB subgroup (p = 0.019), c) employed in Emergency Departments compared to those employed in ICUs (p = 0.03), d) who had considered resigning due to bullying/mobbing experiences compared to those who had never considered resigning (p = 0.008), e) who had been punished for reporting a bullying/mobbing incident compared to those who had not (p = 0.001), and f) who considered the incident unimportant to be reported compared to those who avoided reporting due to other causes (p = 0.048). This data highlights the need to establish effective and safe procedures for bullying/mobbing reporting, aiming to support bulling/mobbing victims and witnesses, and further to protect their legal rights. Both victims and witnesses of workplace bullying/mobbing need to be assessed by mental health professionals for PTSD symptoms in order to have access to effective treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loukia Aristidou
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus.,Mediterranean Hospital, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Meropi Mpouzika
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | | | - Nicos Middleton
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Maria N K Karanikola
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
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Validation of the Bullying Scale for Adults - Results of the PRONIA-study. J Psychiatr Res 2020; 129:88-97. [PMID: 32623026 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bullying as a specific subtype of adverse life events is a major risk factor for poor mental health. Although many questionnaires on bullying are available, so far none covers bullying retrospectively throughout school and working life. To close this gap, the Bullying Scale for Adults (BSA) was designed. METHODS Based on data of 622 participants from five European countries collected in the prospective multicenter Personalized Prognostic Tools for Early Psychosis Management (PRONIA) study, we investigated whether the BSA is a reliable and valid measurement for bullying and whether there is a difference across different diagnostic groups of early mental disorders (recent onset depressive/ psychotic patients, patients at clinical high-risk of psychosis) and healthy controls. RESULTS Bullying experiences were significantly less frequent in healthy controls than in patient groups, with no significant differences between the three clinical groups. The BSA exhibited a high item scale discrimination (r > .3) and very good internal consistency (Cronbach's α = .93). Four factors were identified: 1. Sexual harassment, 2. Emotional Abuse, 3. Physical Abuse, 4. Problems at school. The highly significant correlation between bullying, and childhood adversities and trauma (r = .645, p < .001) indicated good concurrent validity. DISCUSSION The BSA is the first validated questionnaire that, in retrospective, reliably records various aspects of bullying (incl. its consequences) not only throughout childhood but also working life. It can be used to assess bullying as a transdiagnostic risk factor of mental disorders in different mental disorders, esp. psychosis and depression.
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Nielsen MB, Christensen JO, Hetland J, Finne LB. Organizational Prevention and Management Strategies for Workplace Aggression Among Child Protection Workers: A Project Protocol for the Oslo Workplace Aggression Survey (OWAS). Front Psychol 2020; 11:1401. [PMID: 32695050 PMCID: PMC7339981 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous research has established exposure to workplace aggression as a significant risk factor for employee functioning, well-being, and health. However, less is known about effective prevention and management strategies. The main objectives of the current project were to determine the impact of physical and psychological aggression on the well-being, health, and work ability of employees in the child welfare service and to establish whether a strong psychosocial safety climate and an ethical infrastructure are effective with regard to protecting employees against aggression. This project may help identify the specific risks child welfare workers are exposed to, the impact of workplace aggression on their health and well-being, and the most effective strategies to manage the problem. Furthermore, the findings should be central for developing laws and regulations and to any political decision on measures to tackle aggression in the workplace. Methods The study will employ two prospective data collections. Firstly, a three-wave longitudinal survey with a 6-month time lag between measurement points will be conducted among all 1,500 employees in the child welfare services in Oslo Municipality, Norway. Data will have a multilevel structure and will be linked to registry data on sickness absence. Secondly, a quantitative daily diary study over a 14-day period will include 150 of the respondents from the main survey study. The survey questionnaires mainly comprise well-established and psychometrically validated indicators of workplace aggression, health and well-being, psychosocial safety climate, ethical infrastructure, and other relevant factors. The Regional Committees for Medical and Health Research Ethics (REC) in Norway (REC South East) have approved this project (project no. 28496). Discussion This project will identify the impact of workplace aggression on child protection workers as well as provide information on how organizations can actively manage exposure to workplace aggression. The findings may serve as a starting point for intervention studies as well as the development of policies and guidelines on how to handle workplace aggression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jørn Hetland
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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35
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A study of job stress, suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in display manufacturing workers: a cross-sectional study. Ann Occup Environ Med 2020; 32:e16. [PMID: 32676194 PMCID: PMC7332350 DOI: 10.35371/aoem.2020.32.e16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to investigate the association between job stress and suicide ideation/attempts among display manufacturing workers. Methods Data were collected from 836 workers in a display manufacturing company who participated in health screenings from May 22 to June 16, 2017. The data included general characteristics, night work, job tenure, previous physician-diagnosed chronic diseases, suicidal ideation/suicide attempts, and job stress. We investigated suicidal ideation/suicide attempts that covered the past year by using a self-reported questionnaire. Job stress was measured using the 43-item Korean Occupational Stress Scale. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between job stress and suicidal ideation/suicide attempts. The mediator effect of depression on suicidal ideation/suicide attempts was tested using a series of logistic regression by applying Baron and Kenny's mediation method. Results In the model adjusting for variables (e.g., age, body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, regular exercise, shift work, job tenure, chronic disease and depression), physical environment (OR: 3.60, 95% CI: 1.08–12.02), lack of reward (OR: 5.31, 95% CI: 1.54–18.34), and occupation climate (OR: 7.36, 95% CI: 2.28–23.72) were correlated with suicidal ideation/suicide attempts in women. However, all subscales of job stress were not significantly correlated with suicidal ideation/suicide attempts in men. In mediation analysis, job instability and occupational climate were correlated with suicidal ideation/suicide attempts and were mediated by depression in men workers. Conclusions In women workers, the experiences of suicidal ideation/suicide attempts were significantly correlated with the physical environment, lack of reward, and occupational climate that were subscales of job stress. In men workers, depression rather than job stress was correlated with experiences of suicidal ideation/suicide attempts.
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Gupta P, Gupta U, Wadhwa S. Known and Unknown Aspects of Workplace Bullying: A Systematic Review of Recent Literature and Future Research Agenda. HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT REVIEW 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1534484320936812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Last decades showed a high interest in studying the workplace bullying (WB) phenomenon in a variety of disciplines and in a number of WB areas such as concepts and forms of WB, antecedents and consequences of WB, WB interventions, etc. This study offers classification and description of current WB literature, and identifies research gaps to be bridged by further empirical research. In the first part, authors systematically review 167 refereed journal articles, classify the WB research into five main research themes and summarize their findings. In the second part, the article uncovers various unknown aspects of WB and provides concrete directions for future empirical research. Thrust areas of attention are highlighted for industry and policy makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Gupta
- Management Development Institute Gurgaon, Haryana, India
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Niedhammer I, Bèque M, Chastang JF, Bertrais S. Psychosocial work exposures and suicide ideation: a study of multiple exposures using the French national working conditions survey. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:895. [PMID: 32517747 PMCID: PMC7285589 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09019-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Our study aimed to explore the associations between psychosocial work exposures, as well as other occupational exposures, and suicide ideation in the French national working population. An additional objective was to study the cumulative role of occupational exposures in this outcome. Methods The study was based on a nationally representative sample of the French working population of 20,430 employees, 8579 men and 11,851 women (2016 French national Working Conditions survey). Occupational exposures included 21 psychosocial work factors, 4 factors related to working time/hours and 4 factors related to the physical work environment. Suicide ideation within the last 12 months was the outcome. The associations between exposures and outcome were studied using weighted logistic regression models adjusted for covariates. Results The 12-month prevalence of suicide ideation was 5.2% among men and 5.7% among women. Among the occupational exposures, psychosocial work factors were found to be associated with suicide ideation: quantitative and cognitive demands, low influence and possibilities for development, low meaning at work, low sense of community, role conflict, job insecurity, temporary employment, changes at work, and internal violence. Some rare differences in these associations were observed between genders. Linear associations were observed between the number of psychosocial work exposures and suicide ideation. Conclusions Psychosocial work factors were found to play a major role in suicide ideation, and their effects were cumulative on this outcome. More research on multiple and cumulative exposures and suicide ideation and more prevention towards the psychosocial work environment are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Niedhammer
- INSERM, Univ Angers, Univ Rennes, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, ESTER Team, 28 rue Roger Amsler, CS 74521, 49045, Angers, France.
| | | | - Jean-François Chastang
- INSERM, Univ Angers, Univ Rennes, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, ESTER Team, 28 rue Roger Amsler, CS 74521, 49045, Angers, France
| | - Sandrine Bertrais
- INSERM, Univ Angers, Univ Rennes, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, ESTER Team, 28 rue Roger Amsler, CS 74521, 49045, Angers, France
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Carrasco-Barrios MT, Huertas P, Martín P, Martín C, Castillejos MC, Petkari E, Moreno-Küstner B. Determinants of Suicidality in the European General Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E4115. [PMID: 32526975 PMCID: PMC7312422 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17114115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Close to one million people commit suicide each year, with suicidal attempts being the main risk factor for suicide. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to achieve a greater understanding of suicidality in the general population of Europe by studying associated factors and their statistical significance with suicidality, as well as the effect of the temporal moment in which suicidality is observed in a relationship. A search strategy was carried out in electronic databases: Proquest's Psychology Database, Scopus, PsycINFO, Medline and Embase. Odds ratios (ORs), publication bias, influential studies on heterogeneity and analysis moderators were calculated. Twenty-six studies were included after meeting the inclusion criteria. Factors statistically associated with suicidality are female gender, age over 65 years, unemployment, low social support, adulthood adversity, childhood adversity, family history of mental disorder, any affective disorder, major depression, anxiety/stress/somatoform disorders, tobacco and substance use, any mental disorder and body mass index. As a limitation, a high heterogeneity between studies was found. Factors associated with suicidality in the general population are relevant for understanding the suicidal phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Teresa Carrasco-Barrios
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, University of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain; (M.T.C.-B.); (P.M.); (M.C.C.); (B.M.-K.)
| | - Paloma Huertas
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, University of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain; (M.T.C.-B.); (P.M.); (M.C.C.); (B.M.-K.)
| | - Paloma Martín
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, University of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain; (M.T.C.-B.); (P.M.); (M.C.C.); (B.M.-K.)
| | - Carlos Martín
- Primary Care Center of Marquesado, Área Nordeste de Granada, 18512 Granada, Spain;
| | - Mª Carmen Castillejos
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, University of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain; (M.T.C.-B.); (P.M.); (M.C.C.); (B.M.-K.)
| | - Eleni Petkari
- Social and Behavioural Sciences, European University Cyprus 6th Diogenous st., Nicosia 2063, Cyprus;
| | - Berta Moreno-Küstner
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, University of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain; (M.T.C.-B.); (P.M.); (M.C.C.); (B.M.-K.)
- Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga (IBIMA), 29010 Málaga, Spain
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Myung E, Domingos-Neto J, Murta GA, Vieira A, Lima PR, Lessa L, Bernardo WM. ANAMT Technical Guideline (DT 07): epidemiological mapping and preventive interventions against workplace violence. Rev Bras Med Trab 2020; 17:268-281. [PMID: 32270130 DOI: 10.5327/z1679443520190448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Workplace violence has potentially high prevalence, in addition to positive correlation with risk of physical and mental disorders, absenteeism, high turnover rates, impaired productivity and poorer organizational climate. Workplace violence is embedded in the work routine, while its manifestations are heterogeneous and vary according to the local culture, work activities and organization. The scientific evidence for the efficacy of interventions to reduce the prevalence of violent incidents is insufficient to ground general recommendations applicable to any occupational activity. Consensus among organizational actors about notions, relevance, prevalence and risk factors associated with workplace violence, based on epidemiological mappings, is necessary, given the subjective and cultural nature of this problem, and also to enable organizational actors to jointly design pilot solutions. This approach is based on methods used in experimental studies and seeks to promote greater adherence to changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Myung
- Guidelines Unit, National Association of Occupational Medicine - São Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - José Domingos-Neto
- Guidelines Unit, National Association of Occupational Medicine - São Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | | | - Anielle Vieira
- Guidelines Unit, National Association of Occupational Medicine - São Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - Paulo Rogerio Lima
- Guidelines Unit, National Association of Occupational Medicine - São Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - Leandro Lessa
- Guidelines Unit, National Association of Occupational Medicine - São Paulo (SP), Brazil
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Workplace Bullying and Suicidal Ideation: Findings from an Australian Longitudinal Cohort Study of Mid-Aged Workers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17041448. [PMID: 32102336 PMCID: PMC7068571 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17041448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Workplace bullying adversely affects mental health, yet little is known about the outcomes for suicidal ideation. The current study used Australian population-based data to investigate the association between workplace bullying and suicidal ideation. The sample included 1488 employed participants aged 52–58 from wave 4 of the Personality and Total Health (PATH) Through Life Study. Workplace bullying was measured in two ways: (a) a single item asked about experiences of bullying ‘currently’, ‘previously in the current workplace’ and ‘in a past workplace’, and (b) 15 items asked about bullying behaviours experienced in the past 6 months. Suicidal ideation was measured using items from the Psychiatric Symptom Frequency Scale (PSF) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Psychosocial job quality, both current and prior, was adjusted for. Current and past experiences of workplace bullying were associated with increased risk of suicidal ideation. Current experiences were no longer associated after adjusting for concurrent indicators of psychosocial job stress, although a tendency for increased ideation remained. Reported prior experience of workplace bullying in a past workplace remained associated with higher odds of suicidal ideation after adjusting for prior psychosocial job stressors and excluding individuals with prior suicidal ideation. Being bullied at work is associated with increased risk of suicidal thoughts, although this occurs within the broader influence of other psychologically stressful employment conditions.
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Kim SM, Kim HR, Min KJ, Yoo SK, Shin YC, Kim EJ, Jeon SW. Resilience as a Protective Factor for Suicidal Ideation among Korean Workers. Psychiatry Investig 2020; 17:147-156. [PMID: 32046473 PMCID: PMC7046995 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2019.0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate resilience as a protective factor for suicidality among Korean workers. METHODS Participants were workers from 26 organizations in Korea, aged 18 to 63 years, who completed a self-reported questionnaire comprising items on sociodemographic factors, job stress, resilience, and suicidality. Completed questionnaires were collected from 4,405 persons, with 4,389 valid responses. Hierarchical logistic regression analyses were performed using suicidality as the dependent variable. RESULTS Results of the logistic regression analyses indicated that among the sociodemographic factors, older age, being female, and being single were statistically significantly associated with suicidal ideation. A high level of job stress, depressive mood, and anxiety, in addition to a short job duration, were also associated with suicidal ideation. Resilience was a significant protective factor for suicidal ideation after adjusting for all other variables. Older age and high anxiety levels were associated with having a suicide plan among participants with suicidal ideation. The association of resilience with suicide plans and suicide attempts was non-significant. CONCLUSION In this study, we found that a high level of resilience was associated with a low incidence of suicidal ideation in Korean workers. Based on these results, we suggest the need to develop and implement interventions to improve resilience in the workplace, thereby protecting workers, especially those with a high level of work stress, from suicidal ideation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Mi Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Ri Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Joon Min
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Koo Yoo
- School of Social Welfare, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Chul Shin
- Department of Psychiatry, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Workplace Mental Health Institute, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jin Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Workplace Mental Health Institute, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Won Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Workplace Mental Health Institute, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Niedhammer I, Milner A, Geoffroy-Perez B, Coutrot T, LaMontagne AD, Chastang JF. Prospective associations of psychosocial work exposures with mortality in France: STRESSJEM study protocol. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e031352. [PMID: 31676654 PMCID: PMC6830630 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although evidence has been provided on the associations between psychosocial work exposures and morbidity outcomes in the literature, knowledge appears much more sparse on mortality outcomes. The objective of STRESSJEM is to explore the prospective associations between psychosocial work exposures and mortality outcomes among the national French working population. In this paper, we describe the study protocol, study population, data sources, method for exposure assessment, data analysis and future plans. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Data sources will include: the data from the national SUMER survey from DARES on the evaluation of psychosocial work exposures and the data from the COSMOP programme from Santé publique France linking job history (DADS data from INSEE) and mortality according to causes of death (data from the national death registry, INSERM-CépiDc). A sample of 1 511 456 individuals will form the studied prospective cohort for which data are available on both job history and mortality over the period 1976-2002. Psychosocial work exposures will be imputed via a job-exposure matrix using three job title variables that are available in both the SUMER and COSMOP data sets. Our objectives will be to study the associations between various psychosocial work exposures and mortality outcomes. Psychosocial work exposures will include the job strain model factors as well as other psychosocial work factors. Various measures of exposure over time will be used. All-cause and cause-specific mortality will be studied. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Both the SUMER survey and the COSMOP programme have been approved by French ethics committees. Dissemination of the study results will include a series of international peer-reviewed papers and at least one paper in French. The results will be presented in national and international conferences. This project will offer a unique opportunity to explore mortality outcomes in association with psychosocial work exposures in a large national representative sample of the working population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Niedhammer
- INSERM, Univ Angers, Univ Rennes, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, ESTER Team, Angers, France
| | - Allison Milner
- Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | - Anthony D LaMontagne
- Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Population Health Research, School of Health & Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jean-François Chastang
- INSERM, Univ Angers, Univ Rennes, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, ESTER Team, Angers, France
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Potentially Traumatic Events and Job Satisfaction: A Prospective Population-Based Comparative Study. J Occup Environ Med 2019; 60:e126-e133. [PMID: 29200186 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the effects of potentially traumatic events (PTEs), posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), and coping self-efficacy (CSE) on post-event job satisfaction. METHODS Repeated analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess differences in the course of job satisfaction during 1 year between population-based samples of affected and nonaffected workers. Multivariate regression analyses were conducted with pre-event health, job satisfaction and insecurity, and postevent PTSS and CSE as predictors. RESULTS About 16% of the affected workers had probable PTSD. The course of job satisfaction between affected (n = 123) and nonaffected workers (n = 644) did not differ significantly. PTSS and CSE did not independently predict post-event satisfaction, in contrast to pre-event job satisfaction. CONCLUSION Findings suggest that when needed social support is provided, concerns about the negative effects of potentially traumatic events on job satisfaction could be somewhat relaxed.
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Ng CSM. Effects of workplace bullying on Chinese children's health, behaviours and school adjustment via parenting: study protocol for a longitudinal study. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:129. [PMID: 30700297 PMCID: PMC6354335 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6458-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bullying in the workplace is a serious public health issue. As a chronic work stress, workplace bullying places the victims’ physical and mental health at risk which, in extreme cases, may lead to suicidal ideation. The high prevalence rate of workplace bullying has been reported and documented globally. However, a major limitation of the existing literature is that studies essentially focus on the consequences of workplace bullying on victims, including the psychological, physiological and socioeconomic impacts, and on the factors causing workplace bullying, but research on the impact of workplace bullying on the victims’ families is lacking. It is however evident that the consequences of workplace bullying have a spillover effect on the victims’ family members. Since many victims have children and given that children are particularly vulnerable to a negative family environment, examining the impacts of the type of parental stress induced by workplace bullying on children’s health including physical and psychological health (depression and self-esteem), externalizing problem behaviors (aggression, lying, disrespect) and school adjustment (academic performance and school conduct) is urgently needed. The overall aim of this study is to examine how health, externalizing problem behaviors and school adjustment of children whose parents are victims of workplace bullying may be associated with the impact that workplace bullying has on parenting practices. Methods It is a longitudinal study. Quantitative data will be collected from multi-informants, including currently employed Chinese parents, their children aged between 6 and 12 years old, and their class teachers at two time points, separated by a 1-year interval. One primary school will be recruited from each district of Hong Kong including participants with different socioeconomic backgrounds. At least 837 dyads (parents and children) from 18 primary schools will join the study. Discussion Workplace bullying not only affects victims but can also be harmful to their families as it alters the victims temper in the family environment. Results will be informative for the government and corporations to make concerted efforts and find strategies to prevent workplace bullying and to heighten the awareness of the importance of promoting safe and respectful workplaces for workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Sau Man Ng
- Department of Early Childhood Education, Education University of Hong Kong, 10 Lo Ping Road, Tai Po, New Territories, Hong Kong.
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45
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Kim YS, Lee SK. Analysis of Research on Nurses’ Job Stress Using Network Analysis. West J Nurs Res 2018; 41:338-354. [DOI: 10.1177/0193945918781310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study established a network related to nurses’ job stress by conducting a social network analysis of titles, keywords, and abstracts, and it identified emerging topics of research. NetMiner 4.0 visualized an interconnection between critical keywords and investigated their frequency of appearance to construe the trends in nurses’ job stress measures used in studies conducted over 55 years (1960-2015). Text Rank Analyzer examined a collection of 9,218 keywords from 2,662 studies. The analysis revealed four groups of newly emerging keywords in the research. The following five clusters were identified: concept, subject, method and tool, outcome and response, and solution and management. Thus, if new researchers refer to existing trends to establish the subject of their study, replication studies can be reduced, and the direction of the development of future research on nurses’ job stress can be predicted. Further application of new interventions, development of objective indicators, working environment, and broader participants are needed.
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Milner A, Witt K, LaMontagne AD, Niedhammer I. Psychosocial job stressors and suicidality: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Occup Environ Med 2017; 75:245-253. [PMID: 28851757 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2017-104531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Job stressors are known determinants of common mental disorders. Over the past 10 years, there has been evidence that job stressors may also be risk factors for suicidality. The current paper sought to examine this topic through the first comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature to date. METHODS We used a three-tier search strategy of seven electronic databases. Studies were included if they reported on a job stressor or job-related stress as an exposure and suicide ideation, self-harm, suicide attempt or suicide as an outcome. Two researchers independently screened articles. All extracted effect estimates were converted to log-transformed ORs. RESULTS There were 22 studies that were included in meta-analysis. Overall, exposure to job stressors was associated with elevated risk of suicide ideation and behaviours. The OR for suicide ideation (14 studies) ranged from 1.45 (95% CI 1.01 to 2.08) for poor supervisor and colleague support to 1.91 (95% CI 1.22 to 2.99) for job insecurity. For suicide (six studies), exposure to lower supervisor and collegial support produced an OR of 1.16 (95% CI 0.98 to 1.38), while low job control resulted in an OR of 1.23 (95% CI 1.00 to 1.50). There were only two studies that examined suicide attempt, both of which suggested an adverse effect of exposure to job stressors. CONCLUSIONS This study provides some evidence that job stressors may be related to suicidal outcomes. However, as most studies in the area were cross-sectional and observational in design, there is a need for longitudinal research to assess the robustness of observed associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Milner
- Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Work, Health and Wellbeing Unit, Centre for Population Health Research, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katrina Witt
- Turning Point, Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anthony D LaMontagne
- Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Work, Health and Wellbeing Unit, Centre for Population Health Research, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Isabelle Niedhammer
- INSERM, U1085, Research Institute for Environmental and Occupational Health (IRSET), Epidemiology in Occupational Health and Ergonomics (ESTER) Team, Angers, France.,Epidemiology in Occupational Health and Ergonomics (ESTER) Team, University of Angers, Angers, France
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