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Sugandhi VV, Pangeni R, Vora LK, Poudel S, Nangare S, Jagwani S, Gadhave D, Qin C, Pandya A, Shah P, Jadhav K, Mahajan HS, Patravale V. Pharmacokinetics of vitamin dosage forms: A complete overview. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:48-83. [PMID: 38268871 PMCID: PMC10804103 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamins are crucial for sustaining life because they play an essential role in numerous physiological processes. Vitamin deficiencies can lead to a wide range of severe health issues. In this context, there is a need to administer vitamin supplements through appropriate routes, such as the oral route, to ensure effective treatment. Therefore, understanding the pharmacokinetics of vitamins provides critical insights into absorption, distribution, and metabolism, all of which are essential for achieving the desired pharmacological response. In this review paper, we present information on vitamin deficiencies and emphasize the significance of understanding vitamin pharmacokinetics for improved clinical research. The pharmacokinetics of several vitamins face various challenges, and thus, this work briefly outlines the current issues and their potential solutions. We also discuss the feasibility of enhanced nanocarrier-based pharmaceutical formulations for delivering vitamins. Recent studies have shown a preference for nanoformulations, which can address major limitations such as stability, solubility, absorption, and toxicity. Ultimately, the pharmacokinetics of pharmaceutical dosage forms containing vitamins can impede the treatment of diseases and disorders related to vitamin deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rudra Pangeni
- Department of PharmaceuticsVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginiaUSA
| | | | - Sagun Poudel
- Department of PharmaceuticsVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginiaUSA
| | - Sopan Nangare
- Department of PharmaceuticsH. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and ResearchShirpurMaharashtraIndia
| | - Satveer Jagwani
- KLE College of PharmacyKLE Academy of Higher Education and ResearchBelagaviKarnatakaIndia
| | - Dnyandev Gadhave
- Department of PharmaceuticsSinhgad Technical Education SocietySinhgad Institute of PharmacyPuneMaharashtraIndia
| | - Chaolong Qin
- Department of PharmaceuticsVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginiaUSA
| | - Anjali Pandya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and TechnologyInstitute of Chemical TechnologyMumbaiIndia
| | - Purav Shah
- Thoroughbred Remedies ManufacturingTRM Industrial EstateNewbridgeIreland
| | - Kiran Jadhav
- KLE College of PharmacyKLE Academy of Higher Education and ResearchBelagaviKarnatakaIndia
| | - Hitendra S. Mahajan
- Department of PharmaceuticsR. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and ResearchShirpurMaharashtraIndia
| | - Vandana Patravale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and TechnologyInstitute of Chemical TechnologyMumbaiIndia
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Pedroza-García KA, Careaga-Cárdenas G, Díaz-Galindo C, Quintanar JL, Hernández-Jasso I, Ramírez-Orozco RE. Bioactive role of vitamins as a key modulator of oxidative stress, cellular damage and comorbidities associated with spinal cord injury (SCI). Nutr Neurosci 2023; 26:1120-1137. [PMID: 36537581 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2022.2133842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Spinal cord injury (SCI) cause significant disability and impact the quality of life of those affected by it. The nutritional status and diet are fundamental to diminish the progression of complications; vitamins modulate the inflammatory response and oxidative stress, promote blood-spinal cord barrier preservation and the prompt recovery of homeostasis. A deep knowledge of the benefits achieved from vitamins in patients with SCI are summarized. Information of dosage, time, and effects of vitamins in these patients are also displayed. Vitamins have been extensively investigated; however, more clinical trials are needed to clarify the scope of vitamin supplementation.Objective: The objective of this review was to offer relevant therapeutic information based on vitamins supplementation for SCI patients.Methods: Basic and clinical studies that have implemented the use of vitamins in SCI were considered. They were selected from the year 2000-2022 from three databases: PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar.Results: Consistent benefits in clinical trials were shown in those who were supplemented with vitamin D (prevents osteoporosis and improves physical performance variables), B3 (improves lipid profile) and B12 (neurological prophylaxis of chronic SCI damage) mainly. On the other hand, improvement related to neuroprotection, damage modulation (vitamin A) and its prophylaxis were associated to B complex vitamins supplementation; the studies who reported positive results are displayed in this review.Discussion: Physicians should become familiar with relevant information that can support conventional treatment in patients with SCI, such as the use of vitamins, a viable option that can improve outcomes in patients with this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina A Pedroza-García
- Departamento de Nutrición, Centro de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, México
| | - Gabriela Careaga-Cárdenas
- Biomedical Research, Centro de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, México
| | - Carmen Díaz-Galindo
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, México
| | - J Luis Quintanar
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, México
| | - Irma Hernández-Jasso
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, México
| | - Ricardo E Ramírez-Orozco
- Departamento de Nutrición, Centro de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, México
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3
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Siddiqui SA, Azmy Harahap I, Suthar P, Wu YS, Ghosh N, Castro-Muñoz R. A Comprehensive Review of Phytonutrients as a Dietary Therapy for Obesity. Foods 2023; 12:3610. [PMID: 37835263 PMCID: PMC10572887 DOI: 10.3390/foods12193610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a complex medical condition mainly caused by eating habits, genetics, lifestyle, and medicine. The present study deals with traditional diets like the Mediterranean diet, Nordic diet, African Heritage diet, Asian diet, and DASH, as these are considered to be sustainable diets for curing obesity. However, the bioavailability of phytonutrients consumed in the diet may vary, depending on several factors such as digestion and absorption of phytonutrients, interaction with other substances, cooking processes, and individual differences. Hence, several phytochemicals, like polyphenols, alkaloids, saponins, terpenoids, etc., have been investigated to assess their efficiencies and safety in the prevention and treatment of obesity. These phytochemicals have anti-obesity effects, mediated via modulation of many pathways, such as decreased lipogenesis, lipid absorption, accelerated lipolysis, energy intake, expenditure, and preadipocyte differentiation and proliferation. Owing to these anti-obesity effects, new food formulations incorporating these phytonutrients were introduced that can be beneficial in reducing the prevalence of obesity and promoting public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahida Anusha Siddiqui
- Department of Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University of Munich, Essigberg 3, 94315 Straubing, Germany
- German Institute of Food Technologies (DIL e.V.), Prof.-von-Klitzing Str. 7, 49610 Quakenbrück, Germany
| | | | - Priyanka Suthar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan 173230, Himachal Pradesh, India;
| | - Yuan Seng Wu
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia;
| | - Nibedita Ghosh
- Department of Pharmacology, Girijananda Chowdhury University, Guwahati 781017, Assam, India;
| | - Roberto Castro-Muñoz
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Toluca, Av. Eduardo Monroy Cárdenas 2000, San Antonio Buenavista, Toluca de Lerdo 50110, Mexico
- Department of Sanitary Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
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Evtyugin DD, Evtuguin DV, Casal S, Domingues MR. Advances and Challenges in Plant Sterol Research: Fundamentals, Analysis, Applications and Production. Molecules 2023; 28:6526. [PMID: 37764302 PMCID: PMC10535520 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant sterols (PS) are cholesterol-like terpenoids widely spread in the kingdom Plantae. Being the target of extensive research for more than a century, PS have topped with evidence of having beneficial effects in healthy subjects and applications in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. However, many gaps in several fields of PS's research still hinder their widespread practical applications. In fact, many of the mechanisms associated with PS supplementation and their health benefits are still not fully elucidated. Furthermore, compared to cholesterol data, many complex PS chemical structures still need to be fully characterized, especially in oxidized PS. On the other hand, PS molecules have also been the focus of structural modifications for applications in diverse areas, including not only the above-mentioned but also in e.g., drug delivery systems or alternative matrixes for functional foods and fats. All the identified drawbacks are also superimposed by the need of new PS sources and technologies for their isolation and purification, taking into account increased environmental and sustainability concerns. Accordingly, current and future trends in PS research warrant discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry D. Evtyugin
- CICECO, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (D.D.E.); (D.V.E.)
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Dmitry V. Evtuguin
- CICECO, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (D.D.E.); (D.V.E.)
| | - Susana Casal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Rosário Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Thomas LD, Ramkumar S, Golczak M, von Lintig J. Genetic deletion of Bco2 and Isx establishes a golden mouse model for carotenoid research. Mol Metab 2023; 73:101742. [PMID: 37225015 PMCID: PMC10250156 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Low plasma levels of carotenoids are associated with mortality and chronic disease states. Genetic studies in animals revealed that the tissue accumulation of these dietary pigments is associated with the genes encoding β-carotene oxygenase 2 (BCO2) and the scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SR-B1). Here we examined in mice how BCO2 and SR-B1 affect the metabolism of the model carotenoid zeaxanthin that serves as a macular pigment in the human retina. METHODS We used mice with a lacZ reporter gene knock-in to determine Bco2 expression patterns in the small intestine. By genetic dissection, we studied the contribution of BCO2 and SR-B1 to zeaxanthin uptake homeostasis and tissue accumulation under different supply conditions (50 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg). We determined the metabolic profiles of zeaxanthin and its metabolites in different tissues by LC-MS using standard and chiral columns. An albino Isx-/-/Bco2-/- mouse homozygous for Tyrc-2J was generated to study the effect of light on ocular zeaxanthin metabolites. RESULTS We demonstrate that BCO2 is highly expressed in enterocytes of the small intestine. Genetic deletion of Bco2 led to enhanced accumulation of zeaxanthin, indicating that the enzyme serves as a gatekeeper of zeaxanthin bioavailability. Relaxing the regulation of SR-B1 expression in enterocytes by genetic deletion of the transcription factor ISX further enhanced zeaxanthin accumulation in tissues. We observed that the absorption of zeaxanthin was dose-dependent and identified the jejunum as the major zeaxanthin-absorbing intestinal region. We further showed that zeaxanthin underwent oxidation to ε,ε-3,3'-carotene-dione in mouse tissues. We detected all three enantiomers of the zeaxanthin oxidation product whereas the parent zeaxanthin only existed as (3R, 3'R)-enantiomer in the diet. The ratio of oxidized to parent zeaxanthin varied between tissues and was dependent on the supplementation dose. We further showed in an albino Isx-/-/Bco2-/- mouse that supra-physiological supplementation doses (250 mg/kg) with zeaxanthin rapidly induced hypercarotenemia with a golden skin phenotype and that light stress increased the concentration of oxidized zeaxanthin in the eyes. CONCLUSIONS We established the biochemical basis of zeaxanthin metabolism in mice and showed that tissue factors and abiotic stress affect the metabolism and homeostasis of this dietary lipid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda D Thomas
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Srinivasagan Ramkumar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Marcin Golczak
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Johannes von Lintig
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
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Zheng Y, Mostamand S. Nutrition in children with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:943649. [PMID: 37215591 PMCID: PMC10196508 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.943649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) is a condition defined as pancreatic loss of exocrine function, including decreased digestive enzymes and bicarbonate secretion, which leads to maldigestion and malabsorption of nutrients. It is a common complication in many pancreatic disorders. If left undiagnosed, EPI can cause poor digestion of food, chronic diarrhea, severe malnutrition and related complications. Nutritional status and fat-soluble vitamins should be carefully assessed and monitored in patients with EPI. Early diagnosis of EPI is clinically important for appropriate nutritional support and initiating pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) which could significantly improve patient outcomes. The evaluation of nutritional status and related unique management in children with EPI will be discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Zheng
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Shikib Mostamand
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Stanford Children’s Health & Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States
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Pisani A, Paciello F, Montuoro R, Rolesi R, Galli J, Fetoni AR. Antioxidant Therapy as an Effective Strategy against Noise-Induced Hearing Loss: From Experimental Models to Clinic. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13041035. [PMID: 37109564 PMCID: PMC10144536 DOI: 10.3390/life13041035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cochlear redox unbalance is the main mechanism of damage involved in the pathogenesis of noise-induced-hearing loss. Indeed, the increased free radical production, in conjunction with a reduced efficacy of the endogenous antioxidant system, plays a key role in cochlear damage induced by noise exposure. For this reason, several studies focused on the possibility to use exogenous antioxidant to prevent or attenuate noise-induce injury. Thus, several antioxidant molecules, alone or in combination with other compounds, have been tested in both experimental and clinical settings. In our findings, we tested the protective effects of several antioxidant enzymes, spanning from organic compounds to natural compounds, such as nutraceuticals of polyphenols. In this review, we summarize and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of antioxidant supplementation focusing on polyphenols, Q-Ter, the soluble form of CoQ10, Vitamin E and N-acetil-cysteine, which showed great otoprotective effects in different animal models of noise induced hearing loss and which has been proposed in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pisani
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabiola Paciello
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Montuoro
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Rolando Rolesi
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Jacopo Galli
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Fetoni
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry-Audiology Section, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Novel Approach for the Approximation of Vitamin D3 Pharmacokinetics from In Vivo Absorption Studies. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030783. [PMID: 36986644 PMCID: PMC10052077 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The changing environment and modified lifestyles have meant that many vitamins and minerals are deficient in a significant portion of the human population. Therefore, supplementation is a viable nutritional approach, which helps to maintain health and well-being. The supplementation efficiency of a highly hydrophobic compound such as cholecalciferol (logP > 7) depends predominantly on the formulation. To overcome difficulties associated with the evaluation of pharmacokinetics of cholecalciferol, a method based on the short time absorption data in the clinical study and physiologically based mathematical modeling is proposed. The method was used to compare pharmacokinetics of liposomal and oily formulations of vitamin D3. The liposomal formulation was more effective in elevating calcidiol concentration in serum. The determined AUC value for liposomal vitamin D3 formulation was four times bigger than that for the oily formulation.
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de Oliveira VA, Monteiro Fernandes ANR, Dos Santos Leal LM, Ferreira Lima PA, Silva Pereira AR, Pereira IC, Negreiros HA, Pereira-Freire JA, da Silva FCC, de Carvalho Melo Cavalcante AA, Torres-Leal FL, Azevedo AP, de Castro E Sousa JM. α-tocopherol as a selective modulator of toxicogenic damage induced by antineoplastic agents cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2023; 86:87-102. [PMID: 36756732 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2023.2168224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the oxidative/antioxidative effects, modulatory and selective potential of α-tocopherol (vitamin E) on antineoplastic drug-induced toxicogenetic damage. The toxicity, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity induced by antineoplastic agents cyclophosphamide (CPA) and doxorubicin (DOX) was examined utilizing as models Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Allium cepa, Artemia salina and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in the presence of α-tocopherol. For these tests, concentrations of α- tocopherol 100 IU/ml (67mg/ml), CPA 20 µg/ml, DOX 2 µg/ml were used. The selectivity of α-tocopherol was assessed by the MTT test using human mammary gland non-tumor (MCF10A) and tumor (MCF-7) cell lines. Data showed cytoplasmic and mitochondrial oxidative damage induced by CPA or DOX was significantly diminished by α-tocopherol in S. cerevisiae. In addition, the toxic effects on A. salina and cytotoxic and mutagenic effects on A. cepa were significantly reduced by α-tocopherol. In PBMCs, α-tocopherol alone did not markedly affect these cells, and when treated in conjunction with CPA or DOX, α-tocopherol reduced the toxicogenetic effects noted after antineoplastic drug administration as evidenced by decreased chromosomal alterations and lowered cell death rate. In human mammary gland non-tumor and tumor cell lines, α-tocopherol produced selective cytotoxicity with 2-fold higher effect in tumor cells. Evidence indicates that vitamin E (1) produced anti-cytotoxic and anti-mutagenic effects against CPA and DOX (2) increased higher selectivity toward tumor cells, and (3) presented chemoprotective activity in PBMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Alves de Oliveira
- Department of Nutrition, Campus Senador Helvídio Nunes de Barros - CSHNB, Federal University of Piauí - UFPI, Picos, Brazil
| | | | - Lauana Maria Dos Santos Leal
- Laboratory of Research, Campus Senador Helvídio Nunes de Barros - CSHNB, Federal University of Piauí - UFPI, Picos, Brazil
| | - Paloma Alves Ferreira Lima
- Laboratory of Research, Campus Senador Helvídio Nunes de Barros - CSHNB, Federal University of Piauí - UFPI, Picos, Brazil
| | - Ana Rafaela Silva Pereira
- Laboratory of Research, Campus Senador Helvídio Nunes de Barros - CSHNB, Federal University of Piauí - UFPI, Picos, Brazil
| | - Irislene Costa Pereira
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Metabolic Diseases, Exercise and Nutrition Research Group (DOMEN) Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Helber Alves Negreiros
- Laboratory of Research, Campus Senador Helvídio Nunes de Barros - CSHNB, Federal University of Piauí - UFPI, Picos, Brazil
| | - Joilane Alves Pereira-Freire
- Department of Nutrition, Campus Senador Helvídio Nunes de Barros - CSHNB, Federal University of Piauí - UFPI, Picos, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Amélia de Carvalho Melo Cavalcante
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Metabolic Diseases, Exercise and Nutrition Research Group (DOMEN) Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Francisco Leonardo Torres-Leal
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Metabolic Diseases, Exercise and Nutrition Research Group (DOMEN) Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Adriana Paiva Azevedo
- Post-graduate program of Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Piauí - UFPI, Picos, Brazil
| | - João Marcelo de Castro E Sousa
- Post-graduate program of Biotechnology (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí - UFPI, Picos, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Post-graduate program of Pharmaceutical sciences, Federal University of Piauí - UFPI, Picos, Brazil
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Protein-Mediated Carotenoid Delivery Suppresses the Photoinducible Oxidation of Lipofuscin in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020413. [PMID: 36829973 PMCID: PMC9952040 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipofuscin of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells is a complex heterogeneous system of chromophores which accumulates as granules during the cell's lifespan. Lipofuscin serves as a source of various cytotoxic effects linked with oxidative stress. Several age-related eye diseases such as macular degeneration of the retina, as well as some severe inherited eye pathologies, are accompanied by a significant increase in lipofuscin granule concentration. The accumulation of carotenoids in the RPE could provide an effective antioxidant protection against lipofuscin cytotoxic manifestations. Given the highly lipophilic nature of carotenoids, their targeted delivery to the vulnerable tissues can potentially be assisted by special proteins. In this study, we demonstrate how protein-mediated delivery of zeaxanthin using water-soluble Bombyx mori carotenoid-binding protein (BmCBP-ZEA) suppresses the photoinducible oxidative stress in RPE cells caused by irradiation of lipofuscin with intense white light. We implemented fluorescence lifetime imaging of the RPE cell culture ARPE-19 fed with lipofuscin granules and then irradiated by white light with and without the addition of BmCBP-ZEA. We demonstrate that after irradiation the mean fluorescence lifetime of lipofuscin significantly increases, while the presence of BmCBP-ZEA at 200 nM concentration suppresses the increase in the average lifetime of lipofuscin fluorescence, indicating an approx. 35% inhibition of the oxidative stress. This phenomenon serves as indirect yet important evidence of the efficiency of the protein-mediated carotenoid delivery into pigment epithelium cells.
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Dwivedi SL, Garcia-Oliveira AL, Govindaraj M, Ortiz R. Biofortification to avoid malnutrition in humans in a changing climate: Enhancing micronutrient bioavailability in seed, tuber, and storage roots. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1119148. [PMID: 36794214 PMCID: PMC9923027 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1119148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Malnutrition results in enormous socio-economic costs to the individual, their community, and the nation's economy. The evidence suggests an overall negative impact of climate change on the agricultural productivity and nutritional quality of food crops. Producing more food with better nutritional quality, which is feasible, should be prioritized in crop improvement programs. Biofortification refers to developing micronutrient -dense cultivars through crossbreeding or genetic engineering. This review provides updates on nutrient acquisition, transport, and storage in plant organs; the cross-talk between macro- and micronutrients transport and signaling; nutrient profiling and spatial and temporal distribution; the putative and functionally characterized genes/single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with Fe, Zn, and β-carotene; and global efforts to breed nutrient-dense crops and map adoption of such crops globally. This article also includes an overview on the bioavailability, bioaccessibility, and bioactivity of nutrients as well as the molecular basis of nutrient transport and absorption in human. Over 400 minerals (Fe, Zn) and provitamin A-rich cultivars have been released in the Global South. Approximately 4.6 million households currently cultivate Zn-rich rice and wheat, while ~3 million households in sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America benefit from Fe-rich beans, and 2.6 million people in sub-Saharan Africa and Brazil eat provitamin A-rich cassava. Furthermore, nutrient profiles can be improved through genetic engineering in an agronomically acceptable genetic background. The development of "Golden Rice" and provitamin A-rich dessert bananas and subsequent transfer of this trait into locally adapted cultivars are evident, with no significant change in nutritional profile, except for the trait incorporated. A greater understanding of nutrient transport and absorption may lead to the development of diet therapy for the betterment of human health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Luísa Garcia-Oliveira
- International Maize and Wheat Research Center, Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz. y Trigo (CIMMYT), Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Biotechnology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hissar, India
| | - Mahalingam Govindaraj
- HarvestPlus Program, Alliance of Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia
| | - Rodomiro Ortiz
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Lomma, Sweden
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Zumaraga MP, Borel P, Bott R, Nowicki M, Lairon D, Desmarchelier C. The Interindividual Variability of Phytofluene Bioavailability is Associated with a Combination of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2200580. [PMID: 36349532 PMCID: PMC10078114 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Phytofluene is a colorless carotenoid with potential health benefits that displays a higher bioavailability compared to carotenoids such as lutein, β-carotene or lycopene. Several studies suggest its bioavailability displays an elevated interindividual variability. The aim of this work is to investigate whether a combination of SNPs is associated with this variability. METHODS AND RESULTS Thirty-seven healthy adult males consume a test meal that provides phytofluene from a tomato puree. Phytofluene concentrations are measured at fast and in chylomicrons at regular time intervals after meal intake. Identification of the combination of SNPs that best explained the interindividual variability of the phytofluene response is assessed by partial least squares regression. There is a large interindividual variability in the phytofluene response, with CV = 88%. Phytofluene bioavailability is positively correlated with fasting plasma phytofluene concentration (r = 0.57; p = 2 × 10-4 ). A robust partial least squares regression model comprising 14 SNPs near or within 11 genes (ABCA1-rs2487059, rs2515629, and rs4149316, APOC1-rs445925, CD36-rs3211881, ELOVL5-rs6941533, FABP1-rs10185660, FADS3-rs1000778, ISX-rs130461, and rs17748559, LIPC-rs17240713, LPL-rs7005359, LYPLAL1-rs1351472, SETD7-rs11936429) explains 51% (adjusted R2 ) of the interindividual variability in phytofluene bioavailability. CONCLUSIONS This study reports a combination of SNPs that is associated with a significant part of the interindividual variability of phytofluene bioavailability in a healthy male adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Pretzel Zumaraga
- C2VN, Aix Marseille Univ, INRAE, INSERM, Faculté de Médecine, 27 boulevard Jean Moulin, Marseille, 13005, France.,Department of Science and Technology, Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Bicutan, Taguig City, NCR 1631, Philippines
| | - Patrick Borel
- C2VN, Aix Marseille Univ, INRAE, INSERM, Faculté de Médecine, 27 boulevard Jean Moulin, Marseille, 13005, France
| | - Romain Bott
- C2VN, Aix Marseille Univ, INRAE, INSERM, Faculté de Médecine, 27 boulevard Jean Moulin, Marseille, 13005, France
| | - Marion Nowicki
- C2VN, Aix Marseille Univ, INRAE, INSERM, Faculté de Médecine, 27 boulevard Jean Moulin, Marseille, 13005, France
| | - Denis Lairon
- C2VN, Aix Marseille Univ, INRAE, INSERM, Faculté de Médecine, 27 boulevard Jean Moulin, Marseille, 13005, France
| | - Charles Desmarchelier
- C2VN, Aix Marseille Univ, INRAE, INSERM, Faculté de Médecine, 27 boulevard Jean Moulin, Marseille, 13005, France.,Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
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13
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Zhao Y, Li XN, Zhang H, Cui JG, Wang JX, Chen MS, Li JL. Phthalate-induced testosterone/androgen receptor pathway disorder on spermatogenesis and antagonism of lycopene. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 439:129689. [PMID: 36104915 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Male infertility is an attracting growing concern owing to decline in sperm quality of men worldwide. Phthalates, in particular to di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) or its main metabolite mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), affect male reproductive development and function, which mainly accounts for reduction in male fertility. Lycopene (LYC) is a natural antioxidant agent that has been recognized as a possible therapeutic option for treating male infertility. Testosterone (T)/androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathway is involved in maintaining spermatogenesis and male fertility. How DEHP causes spermatogenesis disturbance and whether LYC could prevent DEHP-induced male reproductive toxicity have remained unclear. Using in vivo and vitro approaches, we demonstrated that DEHP caused T biosynthesis reduction in Leydig cell and secretory function disorder in Sertoli cell, and thereby resulted in spermatogenic impairment. Results also showed that MEHP caused mitochondrial damage and oxidative damage, which imposes a serious threat to the progress of spermatogenesis. However, LYC supplement reversed these changes. Mechanistically, DEHP contributed to male infertility via perturbing T/AR signaling pathway during spermatogenesis. Overall, our study reveals critical role for T/AR signal transduction in male fertility and provides promising insights into the protective role of LYC in phthalate-induced male reproductive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Xue-Nan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Jia-Gen Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Jia-Xin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Ming-Shan Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Jin-Long Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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14
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Hu Y, Ma C, Liu J, Bai G, Guo S, Wang T. Synthesis, Physical Properties, and In Vitro-Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion of Hydrophilic β-Sitosterol Sugar Esters. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:8458-8468. [PMID: 35786884 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophilic β-sitosterol sugar esters were synthesized by a two-step biocatalytic approach using β-sitosterol vinyl adipate as an intermediate. The maximum conversion (above 90%) of β-sitosterol vinyl adipate was achieved using the saccharides glucose, sucrose, and raffinose. The chemical structure of the synthesized esters was confirmed by various techniques. The investigation of physical properties revealed that β-sitosterol sugar esters had enhanced water solubility (3.0-8.0 mM at 35 °C), reduced crystallinity, and high wettability. Their lyotropic liquid crystal properties were observed by polarized light microscopy. Furthermore, β-sitosterol sugar esters could be hydrolyzed into β-sitosterol adipate under simulated intestinal conditions at a low rate (2.83-18.14%). Most β-sitosterol sugar esters probably entered into intestinal bile salt micelles with ester bonds intact and showed up to 10-fold higher in vitro bioaccessibility than free β-sitosterol in non-fat systems. The excellent physical and functional characteristics of β-sitosterol sugar esters suggested their great potential application in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyuan Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Road 100, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Chuanguo Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Road 100, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Jun Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Road 100, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, PR China
- Institute of Grain and Oil Standardization, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Road 100, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Ge Bai
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Road 100, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Shujing Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Road 100, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Tong Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Road 100, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, PR China
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15
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Qiao L, Deng F, Hu X, Huang T, An J, Pan D, Yan J, Liang G, He J. Dual sustained-release PTMC/PCL porous microspheres for lipid-soluble drugs. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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16
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Xiong K, Zhao Y, Hu S, Ma A, Ma Y. Dose-Response Relationship Between Oral Lutein Intake and Plasma Lutein Concentration: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Nutr 2022; 9:924997. [PMID: 35811994 PMCID: PMC9257170 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.924997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lutein was shown to provide health benefits for a few diseases. The dose-response relation of oral lutein intake in humans has rarely been reported. The objective is to investigate the dose-response relation between oral lutein intake and plasma lutein concentration in humans. Forty subjects were recruited from Qingdao University, China in 2014. The subjects were randomly divided into four groups: (1–3) consuming 10, 20, or 40 mg lutein by one, two, or four capsules of lutein A, respectively; (4) consuming 20 mg lutein by two capsules of lutein B (containing 280 mg n-3 fatty acid). After a single oral dose, plasma lutein concentrations were measured at 9-time points. The raise of plasma lutein concentration by a 40 mg dose was significantly higher than by a 10 or 20 mg dose. Plasma lutein concentrations were not significantly different between taking 20 mg lutein A and 20 mg lutein B. A dose-response relation was demonstrated between oral lutein administration and plasma lutein concentration. The dose-response relation was more pronounced among men. The current work provides a scientific basis for recommending a dietary intake level of lutein. Future work should validate the results in other ethnic and age groups.
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17
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Iddir M, Vahid F, Merten D, Larondelle Y, Bohn T. Influence of Proteins on the Absorption of Lipophilic Vitamins, Carotenoids and Curcumin - A Review. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2200076. [PMID: 35506751 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
While proteins have been widely used to encapsulate, protect, and regulate the release of bioactive food compounds, little is known about the influence of co-consumed proteins on the absorption of lipophilic constituents following digestion, such as vitamins (A, D, E, K), carotenoids, and curcumin. Their bioavailability is often low and very variable, depending on the food matrix and host factors. Some proteins can act as emulsifiers during digestion. Their liberated peptides have amphiphilic properties that can facilitate the absorption of microconstituents, by improving their transition from lipid droplets into mixed micelles. Contrarily, the less well digested proteins could negatively impinge on enzymatic accessibility to the lipid droplets, slowing down their processing into mixed micelles and entrapping apolar food compounds. Interactions with mixed micelles and proteins are also plausible, as shown earlier for drugs. This review focuses on the ability of proteins to act as effective emulsifiers of lipophilic vitamins, carotenoids, and curcumin during digestion. The functional properties of proteins, their chemical interactions with enzymes and food constituents during gastro-intestinal digestion, potentials and limitations for their use as emulsifiers are emphasized and data from human, animal, and in vitro trials are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Iddir
- Nutrition and Health Research Group, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 1 A-B, rue Thomas Edison, Strassen, L-1445, Luxembourg.,Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, 1348, Belgium
| | - Farhad Vahid
- Nutrition and Health Research Group, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 1 A-B, rue Thomas Edison, Strassen, L-1445, Luxembourg
| | - Diane Merten
- Nutrition and Health Research Group, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 1 A-B, rue Thomas Edison, Strassen, L-1445, Luxembourg
| | - Yvan Larondelle
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, 1348, Belgium
| | - Torsten Bohn
- Nutrition and Health Research Group, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 1 A-B, rue Thomas Edison, Strassen, L-1445, Luxembourg
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18
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Jyväkorpi Satu K, Suominen Merja H, Strandberg Timo E, Salminen K, Niskanen Riikka T, Roitto HM, Saarela Riitta KT, Pitkälä Kaisu H. Dietary fat intake and quality in long-term care residents in two cohorts assessed 10 years apart. BMC Nutr 2022; 8:31. [PMID: 35413879 PMCID: PMC9006457 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-022-00524-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
To describe and compare detailed dietary fat intake, fat quality and associative factors between two measuring points 10 years apart of residents living in long-term care facilities, and to reflect how fat composition and fat quality corresponds to current nutrition recommendations.
Methods
In 2007 long-term care residents (n = 374) of 25 assisted-living facilities and nursing homes and in 2017–18 long-term care residents (n = 486) of 17 respective facilities in Helsinki metropolitan area were recruited for this study. Information on the residents’ heights, demographic information and use of calcium and vitamin D supplementation were retrieved from medical records. Residents’ clinical assessment included Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR), the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and questionnaire related to nutrition care. Participants’ energy and fat intake were determined from 1--2-day food diaries kept by the ward nurses, and fat quality indicators calculated.
Results
Age, gender distribution, MNA score or body mass index did not differ between the two cohorts. Residents’ cognitive status, subjective health and mobility were poorer in 2017 compared to 2007. Total fat and saturated fatty acid (SFA) intakes were higher and fat quality indicators lower in the 2017 cohort residents than in the 2007 cohort residents. Sugar intake, male gender, eating independently, eating larger amounts and not having dry mouth predicted higher SFA intake in the 2017 cohort.
Conclusions
The fat quality in long-term care residents in our study worsened in spite of official recommendations between the two measurement points.
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19
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Bali S, Prasad S, Saini V. Ayurvedic lipid based rasayans - A perspective on the preparation and pharmacological significance of lipids on the bioavailability of phytoconstituents. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2022; 13:100526. [PMID: 34794864 PMCID: PMC8728051 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2021.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
For thousands of years, lipid based Ayurvedic formulations have been made in India, and the craft has survived down the millennia up to the present time. Some of these deliciously potent phytonutrient preparations are very popular and have sustained the test of time pertaining to their efficacy. Recent researches on the role of phytonutrients in promoting cardio-pulmonary, brain and immune health substantially buttress the philosophy underlying the use of lipids in preparing these emulsions, since a large number of these bioactives are lipophilic. Being lipoidic, they are absorbed through the lacteals in the small intestine, and are then transported through the thoracic duct directly to the heart, bypassing the liver. The formulations utilizing ghee (clarified butter) or sesame oil as the carrier lipid, either while frying the myrobalams or as Anupana (adjuvant), have special significance in modulating bodily immunity, since the immune system is housed in lymphatics which are lipid rich. Amla and lipid based Ayurvedic rasayans (rejuvenating formulations) are a popular and highly palatable group of phytonutraceutical preparations. This group of polyherbal adaptogenic formulations is classified separately from other formulations in Ayurvedic therapeutics. Several of these health-promoting rasayans are suitable to be consumed by all age-groups in the recommended season and dose. Current research on endothelial and immune cell receptor mediated uptake of lipoidic molecules, together with the knowledge of lipid absorption pathways, lends credence to the usefulness of rasayans in targeting the cardio-pulmonary and immune systems. An attempt has been made in this paper to elucidate the mechanisms underpinning the complex interplay between lipid delivered hydrophobic phyto-molecules, systemic lymphatics and the Immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharadendu Bali
- Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Ambala, 133207, India.
| | - Suvarna Prasad
- Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Ambala, 133207, India
| | - Vipin Saini
- Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Solan, India
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20
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Torres NRSM, Freire FLDA, Dantas-Komatsu RCS, da Silva EP, Queiroz SIML, de Lira NRD, Diniz RVZ, Lima SCVC, Pedrosa LFC, Lopes MMGD, Sena-Evangelista KCM. Lack of Association between Inadequate Micronutrient Intake and Prognosis in Outpatients with Heart Failure. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14040788. [PMID: 35215438 PMCID: PMC8874932 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Inadequate nutrient intake can lead to worse outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF). This prospective cohort study aimed to assess the prevalence of inadequate micronutrient intake and their association with prognosis in 121 adult and elderly outpatients with HF. Habitual micronutrient intake was evaluated using 24-h dietary recalls (minimum 2 and maximum 6). Participants were grouped into moderate (n = 67) and high (n = 54) micronutrient deficiency groups, according to the individual assessment of each micronutrient intake. Patients’ sociodemographic, clinical, and anthropometric data and clinical outcomes (hospitalization and mortality) within 24 months were collected. Overall and event-free survival rates were calculated using Kaplan–Meier estimates, and curves were compared using the log-rank test. The death risk rate (hazard ratio (HR)) was calculated using Cox’s univariate model. The rate of inadequate intake was 100% for vitamins B1 and D and above 80% for vitamins B2, B9, and E, calcium, magnesium, and copper. No differences in overall survival and event-free survival were observed between groups of HF outpatients with moderate and high micronutrient deficiencies (HR = 0.94 (CI = 0.36–2.48), p = 0.91, and HR = 1.63 (CI = 0.68–3.92), p = 0.26, respectively), as well as when the inadequacy of each micronutrient intake was evaluated alone (all p > 0.05). In conclusion, a high prevalence of inadequate micronutrient intake was observed in outpatients with HF. Inadequate micronutrient intake was not associated with hospitalization and mortality in this group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núbia Rafaella Soares Moreira Torres
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 3000, Senador Salgado Filho Avenue, Lagoa Nova, Natal 59078-970, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; (N.R.S.M.T.); (F.L.d.A.F.); (S.C.V.C.L.); (L.F.C.P.)
| | - Fernanda Lambert de Andrade Freire
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 3000, Senador Salgado Filho Avenue, Lagoa Nova, Natal 59078-970, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; (N.R.S.M.T.); (F.L.d.A.F.); (S.C.V.C.L.); (L.F.C.P.)
| | - Raquel Costa Silva Dantas-Komatsu
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 620, Nilo Peçanha Avenue, Petrópolis, Natal 59012-300, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil;
| | - Eduardo Paixão da Silva
- Multiprofessional Residency in Health—Cardiology, Onofre Lopes University Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 620, Nilo Peçanha Avenue, Petrópolis, Natal 59012-300, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; (E.P.d.S.); (N.R.D.d.L.); (M.M.G.D.L.)
| | - Salomão Israel Monteiro Lourenço Queiroz
- Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 3000, Senador Salgado Filho Avenue, Lagoa Nova, Natal 59078-970, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil;
| | - Niethia Regina Dantas de Lira
- Multiprofessional Residency in Health—Cardiology, Onofre Lopes University Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 620, Nilo Peçanha Avenue, Petrópolis, Natal 59012-300, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; (E.P.d.S.); (N.R.D.d.L.); (M.M.G.D.L.)
- Brazilian Hospital Services Company, Onofre Lopes University Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 620, Nilo Peçanha Avenue, Petrópolis, Natal 59012-300, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Rosiane Viana Zuza Diniz
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 620, Nilo Peçanha Avenue, Petrópolis, Natal 59012-300, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil;
| | - Severina Carla Vieira Cunha Lima
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 3000, Senador Salgado Filho Avenue, Lagoa Nova, Natal 59078-970, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; (N.R.S.M.T.); (F.L.d.A.F.); (S.C.V.C.L.); (L.F.C.P.)
- Multiprofessional Residency in Health—Cardiology, Onofre Lopes University Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 620, Nilo Peçanha Avenue, Petrópolis, Natal 59012-300, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; (E.P.d.S.); (N.R.D.d.L.); (M.M.G.D.L.)
- Department of Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 3000, Senador Salgado Filho Avenue, Lagoa Nova, Natal 59078-970, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Lucia Fatima Campos Pedrosa
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 3000, Senador Salgado Filho Avenue, Lagoa Nova, Natal 59078-970, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; (N.R.S.M.T.); (F.L.d.A.F.); (S.C.V.C.L.); (L.F.C.P.)
- Department of Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 3000, Senador Salgado Filho Avenue, Lagoa Nova, Natal 59078-970, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Márcia Marília Gomes Dantas Lopes
- Multiprofessional Residency in Health—Cardiology, Onofre Lopes University Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 620, Nilo Peçanha Avenue, Petrópolis, Natal 59012-300, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; (E.P.d.S.); (N.R.D.d.L.); (M.M.G.D.L.)
- Department of Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 3000, Senador Salgado Filho Avenue, Lagoa Nova, Natal 59078-970, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Karine Cavalcanti Maurício Sena-Evangelista
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 3000, Senador Salgado Filho Avenue, Lagoa Nova, Natal 59078-970, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; (N.R.S.M.T.); (F.L.d.A.F.); (S.C.V.C.L.); (L.F.C.P.)
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 620, Nilo Peçanha Avenue, Petrópolis, Natal 59012-300, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil;
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 620, Nilo Peçanha Avenue, Petrópolis, Natal 59012-300, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil;
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +55-84-334-222-91
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Li X, Xin Y, Mo Y, Marozik P, He T, Guo H. The Bioavailability and Biological Activities of Phytosterols as Modulators of Cholesterol Metabolism. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27020523. [PMID: 35056839 PMCID: PMC8781140 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Phytosterols are natural sterols widely found in plants that have a variety of physiological functions, and their role in reducing cholesterol absorption has garnered much attention. Although the bioavailability of phytosterols is only 0.5–2%, they can still promote cholesterol balance in the body. A mechanism of phytosterols for lowering cholesterol has now been proposed. They not only reduce the uptake of cholesterol in the intestinal lumen and affect its transport, but also regulate the metabolism of cholesterol in the liver. In addition, phytosterols can significantly reduce the plasma concentration of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), with a dose-response relationship. Ingestion of 3 g of phytosterols per day can reach the platform period, and this dose can reduce LDL-C by about 10.7%. On the other hand, phytosterols can also activate the liver X receptor α-CPY7A1 mediated bile acids excretion pathway and accelerate the transformation and metabolism of cholesterol. This article reviews the research progress of phytosterols as a molecular regulator of cholesterol and the mechanism of action for this pharmacological effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China;
| | - Yan Xin
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; (Y.X.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yuqian Mo
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; (Y.X.); (Y.M.)
| | - Pavel Marozik
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, Belarus;
| | - Taiping He
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China;
- Correspondence: (T.H.); (H.G.); Tel.: +86-759-2388-523 (T.H.); +86-769-2289-6576 (H.G.)
| | - Honghui Guo
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China;
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; (Y.X.); (Y.M.)
- Correspondence: (T.H.); (H.G.); Tel.: +86-759-2388-523 (T.H.); +86-769-2289-6576 (H.G.)
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22
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Carotenoid extraction and analysis from blood plasma/serum. Methods Enzymol 2022; 670:423-457. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2022.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Zumaraga MPP, Arquiza JMRA, Concepcion MA, Perlas L, Alcudia-Catalma MN, Rodriguez M. Genotype Effects on β-Carotene Conversion to Vitamin A: Implications on Reducing Vitamin A Deficiency in the Philippines. Food Nutr Bull 2021; 43:25-34. [PMID: 34903070 DOI: 10.1177/03795721211060229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study aimed to identify two beta-carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase (BCMO1) mutations, namely R267S and A379V, and determine their association with vitamin A status among Filipinos 6 to 19 years old respondents of the 2013 Philippine National Nutrition Survey living in the National Capital Region. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study followed cross-sectional design. Whole blood specimen was collected in the morning and was used as source of genomic DNA and serum for retinol concentration determination. Fisher exact test was performed to determine whether genotype frequencies were associated to retinol concentrations/vitamin A deficiency status. A level of P < .05 was identified as significant. RESULTS A total of 693 Filipino children and adolescents were included. Of the 693, there were at least 7.6% who bears the combined mutations for R267S + A379V. Association analysis showed that an inverse relationship exists between the A379V TT variant and vitamin A status. Although the exact role of these identified polymorphisms on retinol/carotenoid metabolism need to be confirmed in dedicated functional studies. CONCLUSION This study has identified for the first time the presence of 2 nonsynonymous genetic variants/mutations in the coding region of BCMO1 gene. Interestingly, one of these two variants, the A379V T, was found to be associated with vitamin A status. It is, therefore, warranted to investigate the role of BCMO1 variants for the success of supplementation programs and fortification efforts among vulnerable populations in this region. Genetic variability should be considered for future provitamin A supplementation recommendations among children and adolescents in the Philippines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Pretzel P Zumaraga
- Department of Science and Technology - Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Taguig City, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | | | - Mae Anne Concepcion
- Department of Science and Technology - Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Taguig City, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Leah Perlas
- Department of Science and Technology - Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Taguig City, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Ma Neda Alcudia-Catalma
- Department of Science and Technology - Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Taguig City, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Marietta Rodriguez
- Department of Science and Technology - Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Taguig City, Metro Manila, Philippines
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24
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Sharma R. Bioactive food components for managing cellular senescence in aging and disease: A critical appraisal and perspectives. PHARMANUTRITION 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2021.100281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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25
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Iglesias-Carres L, Neilson AP. Utilizing preclinical models of genetic diversity to improve translation of phytochemical activities from rodents to humans and inform personalized nutrition. Food Funct 2021; 12:11077-11105. [PMID: 34672309 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02782d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mouse models are an essential tool in different areas of research, including nutrition and phytochemical research. Traditional inbred mouse models have allowed the discovery of therapeutical targets and mechanisms of action and expanded our knowledge of health and disease. However, these models lack the genetic variability typically found in human populations, which hinders the translatability of the results found in mice to humans. The development of genetically diverse mouse models, such as the collaborative cross (CC) or the diversity outbred (DO) models, has been a useful tool to overcome this obstacle in many fields, such as cancer, immunology and toxicology. However, these tools have not yet been widely adopted in the field of phytochemical research. As demonstrated in other disciplines, use of CC and DO models has the potential to provide invaluable insights for translation of phytochemicals from rodents to humans, which are desperately needed given the challenges and numerous failed clinical trials in this field. These models may prove informative for personalized use of phytochemicals in humans, including: predicting interindividual variability in phytochemical bioavailability and efficacy, identifying genetic loci or genes governing response to phytochemicals, identifying phytochemical mechanisms of action and therapeutic targets, and understanding the impact of genetic variability on individual response to phytochemicals. Such insights would prove invaluable for personalized implementation of phytochemicals in humans. This review will focus on the current work performed with genetically diverse mouse populations, and the research opportunities and advantages that these models can offer to phytochemical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisard Iglesias-Carres
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA.
| | - Andrew P Neilson
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA.
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26
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Zhang Y, Zhang T, Liang Y, Jiang L, Sui X. Dietary Bioactive Lipids: A Review on Absorption, Metabolism, and Health Properties. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:8929-8943. [PMID: 34161727 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Dietary lipids are an indispensable source of energy and nutrition in human life. Numerous studies have shown that dietary bioactive lipids have many health benefits, including prevention or treatment of chronic diseases. The different chemical compositions and structural characteristics of bioactive lipids not only affect their digestion, absorption, and metabolism but also affect their health properties. In this review, the major dietary bioactive lipids (fatty acids, carotenoids, phytosterols, phenolic lipids, fat-soluble vitamins, and sphingomyelins) in foods are systematically summarized, from the aspects of composition, digestion, absorption, metabolism, source, structural characteristics, and their health properties. In particular, the relationship between the compositional and structural changes of bioactive lipids and their absorption and metabolism is discussed as well as their effect on health properties. This review provides a comprehensive summary toward health properties of dietary bioactive lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, People's Republic of China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, People's Republic of China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Development and Utilization of Small Fruits in Cold Regions, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Liang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianzhou Jiang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaonan Sui
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, People's Republic of China
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27
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Abstract
Dietary intake and tissue levels of carotenoids have been associated with a reduced risk of several chronic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, obesity, brain-related diseases and some types of cancer. However, intervention trials with isolated carotenoid supplements have mostly failed to confirm the postulated health benefits. It has thereby been speculated that dosing, matrix and synergistic effects, as well as underlying health and the individual nutritional status plus genetic background do play a role. It appears that our knowledge on carotenoid-mediated health benefits may still be incomplete, as the underlying mechanisms of action are poorly understood in relation to human relevance. Antioxidant mechanisms - direct or via transcription factors such as NRF2 and NF-κB - and activation of nuclear hormone receptor pathways such as of RAR, RXR or also PPARs, via carotenoid metabolites, are the basic principles which we try to connect with carotenoid-transmitted health benefits as exemplified with described common diseases including obesity/diabetes and cancer. Depending on the targeted diseases, single or multiple mechanisms of actions may play a role. In this review and position paper, we try to highlight our present knowledge on carotenoid metabolism and mechanisms translatable into health benefits related to several chronic diseases.
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28
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Loginova M, Mishchenko T, Savyuk M, Guseva S, Gavrish M, Krivonosov M, Ivanchenko M, Fedotova J, Vedunova M. Double-Edged Sword of Vitamin D3 Effects on Primary Neuronal Cultures in Hypoxic States. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5417. [PMID: 34063823 PMCID: PMC8196622 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of vitamin D3 along with traditional therapy opens up new prospects for increasing the adaptive capacity of nerve cells to the effects of a wide range of stress factors, including hypoxia-ischemic processes. However, questions about prophylactic and therapeutic doses of vitamin D3 remain controversial. The purpose of our study was to analyze the effects of vitamin D3 at different concentrations on morpho-functional characteristics of neuron-glial networks in hypoxia modeling in vitro. We showed that a single administration of vitamin D3 at a high concentration (1 µM) in a normal state has no significant effect on the cell viability of primary neuronal cultures; however, it has a pronounced modulatory effect on the functional calcium activity of neuron-glial networks and causes destruction of the network response. Under hypoxia, the use of vitamin D3 (1 µM) leads to total cell death of primary neuronal cultures and complete negation of functional neural network activity. In contrast, application of lower concentrations of vitamin D3 (0.01 µM and 0.1 µM) caused a pronounced dose-dependent neuroprotective effect during the studied post-hypoxic period. While the use of vitamin D3 at a concentration of 0.1 µM maintained cell viability, preventive administration of 0.01 µM not only partially preserved the morphological integrity of primary neuronal cells but also maintained the functional structure and activity of neuron-glial networks in cultures. Possible molecular mechanisms of neuroprotective action of vitamin D3 can be associated with the increased expression level of transcription factor HIF-1α and maintaining the relationship between the levels of BDNF and TrkB expression in cells of primary neuronal cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Loginova
- Department of Neurotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Ave., 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.L.); (T.M.); (M.S.); (S.G.); (M.G.); (J.F.)
| | - Tatiana Mishchenko
- Department of Neurotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Ave., 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.L.); (T.M.); (M.S.); (S.G.); (M.G.); (J.F.)
| | - Maria Savyuk
- Department of Neurotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Ave., 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.L.); (T.M.); (M.S.); (S.G.); (M.G.); (J.F.)
| | - Svetlana Guseva
- Department of Neurotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Ave., 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.L.); (T.M.); (M.S.); (S.G.); (M.G.); (J.F.)
| | - Maria Gavrish
- Department of Neurotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Ave., 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.L.); (T.M.); (M.S.); (S.G.); (M.G.); (J.F.)
| | - Mikhail Krivonosov
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Institute of Information Technologies, Mathematics and Mechanics (ITMM), Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Ave., 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.K.); (M.I.)
| | - Mikhail Ivanchenko
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Institute of Information Technologies, Mathematics and Mechanics (ITMM), Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Ave., 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.K.); (M.I.)
| | - Julia Fedotova
- Department of Neurotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Ave., 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.L.); (T.M.); (M.S.); (S.G.); (M.G.); (J.F.)
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, I.P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Emb. Makarova, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Maria Vedunova
- Department of Neurotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Ave., 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.L.); (T.M.); (M.S.); (S.G.); (M.G.); (J.F.)
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Iddir M, Dingeo G, Porras Yaruro JF, Hammaz F, Borel P, Schleeh T, Desmarchelier C, Larondelle Y, Bohn T. Influence of soy and whey protein, gelatin and sodium caseinate on carotenoid bioaccessibility. Food Funct 2021; 11:5446-5459. [PMID: 32490498 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00888e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Proteins could alter carotenoid bioaccessibility through altering their fate during digestion, due to emulsifying properties of resulting peptides, or influencing access of digestion enzymes to lipid droplets. In this investigation, we studied whether whey protein isolate (WPI), soy protein isolate (SPI), sodium caseinate (SC) and gelatin (GEL), added at various concentrations (expressed as percentage of recommended dietary allowance (RDA): 0, 10, 25 and 50%) would influence the bioaccessibility of lycopene, β-carotene or lutein, added as pure carotenoids solubilized in oil, during simulated gastro-intestinal (GI) digestion. Protein and lipid digestion as well as selected physico-chemical parameters including surface tension, ζ-potential and micelle size were evaluated. Adding proteins influenced positively the bioaccessibility of β-carotene, by up to 189% (p < 0.001), but it resulted in generally decreased bioaccessibility of lutein, by up to 50% (p < 0.001), while for lycopene, the presence of proteins did not influence its bioaccessibility, except for a slight increase with WPI, by up to 135% (p < 0.001). However, the effect depended significantly on the type of protein (p < 0.001) and its concentration (p < 0.001). While β-carotene bioaccessibility was greatly enhanced in the presence of SC, compared to WPI and GEL, the presence of SPI strongly decreased carotenoid bioaccessibility. Neglecting individual carotenoids, higher protein concentration correlated positively with carotenoid bioaccessibility (R = 0.57, p < 0.01), smaller micelle size (R = -0.83, p < 0.01), decreased repulsive forces (ζ-potential, R = -0.72, p < 0.01), and higher surface tension (R = 0.44, p < 0.01). In conclusion, proteins differentially affected carotenoid bioaccessibility during digestion depending on carotenoid and protein species, with both positive and negative interactions occurring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Iddir
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Department of Population Health, Nutrition and Health Research Group, Strassen, Luxembourg. and Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UC Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Giulia Dingeo
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Department of Population Health, Nutrition and Health Research Group, Strassen, Luxembourg.
| | - Juan Felipe Porras Yaruro
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Department of Population Health, Nutrition and Health Research Group, Strassen, Luxembourg. and École Nationale Supérieure des Mines Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Faiza Hammaz
- C2VN, INRA, INSERM, Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
| | - Patrick Borel
- C2VN, INRA, INSERM, Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
| | - Thomas Schleeh
- Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | | | - Yvan Larondelle
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UC Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Torsten Bohn
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Department of Population Health, Nutrition and Health Research Group, Strassen, Luxembourg.
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30
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What Are the Pearls and Pitfalls of the Dietary Management for Chronic Diarrhoea? Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051393. [PMID: 33919083 PMCID: PMC8143080 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic diarrhoea affects up to 14% of adults, it impacts on quality of life and its cause can be variable. Patients with chronic diarrhoea are presented with a plethora of dietary recommendations, often sought from the internet or provided by those who are untrained or inexperienced. In this review, we summarise the possible causes of chronic diarrhoea that can be managed by diet, the symptom improvement and quality of life benefits but also the potential risks of such dietary treatments. Clinicians need to consider both the benefits and risks of dietary treatments before making dietary recommendations to manage chronic diarrhoea. The pivotal role that dietitians have in ensuring optimal symptom improvement without jeopardising nutritional and overall health is discussed.
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31
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Böhm V, Lietz G, Olmedilla-Alonso B, Phelan D, Reboul E, Bánati D, Borel P, Corte-Real J, de Lera AR, Desmarchelier C, Dulinska-Litewka J, Landrier JF, Milisav I, Nolan J, Porrini M, Riso P, Roob JM, Valanou E, Wawrzyniak A, Winklhofer-Roob BM, Rühl R, Bohn T. From carotenoid intake to carotenoid blood and tissue concentrations - implications for dietary intake recommendations. Nutr Rev 2021; 79:544-573. [PMID: 32766681 PMCID: PMC8025354 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is uncertainty regarding carotenoid intake recommendations, because positive and negative health effects have been found or are correlated with carotenoid intake and tissue levels (including blood, adipose tissue, and the macula), depending on the type of study (epidemiological vs intervention), the dose (physiological vs supraphysiological) and the matrix (foods vs supplements, isolated or used in combination). All these factors, combined with interindividual response variations (eg, depending on age, sex, disease state, genetic makeup), make the relationship between carotenoid intake and their blood/tissue concentrations often unclear and highly variable. Although blood total carotenoid concentrations <1000 nmol/L have been related to increased chronic disease risk, no dietary reference intakes (DRIs) exist. Although high total plasma/serum carotenoid concentrations of up to 7500 nmol/L are achievable after supplementation, a plateauing effect for higher doses and prolonged intake is apparent. In this review and position paper, the current knowledge on carotenoids in serum/plasma and tissues and their relationship to dietary intake and health status is summarized with the aim of proposing suggestions for a "normal," safe, and desirable range of concentrations that presumably are beneficial for health. Existing recommendations are likewise evaluated and practical dietary suggestions are included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker Böhm
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Georg Lietz
- Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Begoña Olmedilla-Alonso
- Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Phelan
- Nutrition Research Centre Ireland, School of Health Science, Carriganore House, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland
| | | | | | - Patrick Borel
- C2VN, INRAE, INSERM, Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
| | - Joana Corte-Real
- Population Health Department, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Angel R de Lera
- Departmento de Química Orgánica, Centro De Investigaciones Biomédicas and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Vigo, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Irina Milisav
- University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ljubljana, Slovenia and with University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - John Nolan
- Nutrition Research Centre Ireland, School of Health Science, Carriganore House, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland
| | - Marisa Porrini
- Universitàdegli Studi di Milano, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Division of Human Nutrition, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Universitàdegli Studi di Milano, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Division of Human Nutrition, Milan, Italy
| | - Johannes M Roob
- Research Unit Chronic Inflammation in Nephrology, Clinical Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Agata Wawrzyniak
- Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Brigitte M Winklhofer-Roob
- Human Nutrition & Metabolism Research and Training Center, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Karl-Franzens University, Graz, Austria
| | - Ralph Rühl
- Paprika Bioanalytics BT, Debrecen, Hungary and with CISCAREX UG, Berlin, Germany
| | - Torsten Bohn
- Population Health Department, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
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Abstract
The fat-soluble vitamins are vitamins A, D, E, and K. Each vitamin has unique characteristics and contributes to the overall health of an individual. These vitamins have complex absorption, metabolism, and distribution elements that provide protection to the cells in the body as well as many organs. Fat-soluble vitamins, once ingested and processed, are stored in the body for use. Most fat-soluble vitamins are obtained from fruits, vegetables, nuts, and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherri L Stevens
- School of Nursing, Middle Tennessee State University, MTSU Box 81, Murfreesboro, TN 37132, USA.
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McClements DJ, Öztürk B. Utilization of Nanotechnology to Improve the Handling, Storage and Biocompatibility of Bioactive Lipids in Food Applications. Foods 2021; 10:foods10020365. [PMID: 33567622 PMCID: PMC7915003 DOI: 10.3390/foods10020365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive lipids, such as fat-soluble vitamins, omega-3 fatty acids, conjugated linoleic acids, carotenoids and phytosterols play an important role in boosting human health and wellbeing. These lipophilic substances cannot be synthesized within the human body, and so people must include them in their diet. There is increasing interest in incorporating these bioactive lipids into functional foods designed to produce certain health benefits, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer and cholesterol-lowering properties. However, many of these lipids have poor compatibility with food matrices and low bioavailability because of their extremely low water solubility. Moreover, they may also chemically degrade during food storage or inside the human gut because they are exposed to certain stressors, such as high temperatures, oxygen, light, moisture, pH, and digestive/metabolic enzymes, which again reduces their bioavailability. Nanotechnology is a promising technology that can be used to overcome many of these limitations. The aim of this review is to highlight different kinds of nanoscale delivery systems that have been designed to encapsulate and protect bioactive lipids, thereby facilitating their handling, stability, food matrix compatibility, and bioavailability. These systems include nanoemulsions, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), nanoliposomes, nanogels, and nano-particle stabilized Pickering emulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Julian McClements
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
- Department of Food Science & Bioengineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Bengü Öztürk
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul 34755, Turkey;
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Salehi B, Quispe C, Sharifi-Rad J, Cruz-Martins N, Nigam M, Mishra AP, Konovalov DA, Orobinskaya V, Abu-Reidah IM, Zam W, Sharopov F, Venneri T, Capasso R, Kukula-Koch W, Wawruszak A, Koch W. Phytosterols: From Preclinical Evidence to Potential Clinical Applications. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:599959. [PMID: 33519459 PMCID: PMC7841260 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.599959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytosterols (PSs) are plant-originated steroids. Over 250 PSs have been isolated, and each plant species contains a characteristic phytosterol composition. A wide number of studies have reported remarkable pharmacological effects of PSs, acting as chemopreventive, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antiatherosclerotic agents. However, PS bioavailability is a key issue, as it can be influenced by several factors (type, source, processing, preparation, delivery method, food matrix, dose, time of administration into the body, and genetic factors), and the existence of a close relationship between their chemical structures (e.g., saturation degree and side-chain length) and low absorption rates has been stated. In this sense, the present review intends to provide in-depth data on PS therapeutic potential for human health, also emphasizing their preclinical effects and bioavailability-related issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahare Salehi
- Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Cristina Quispe
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Natália Cruz-Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manisha Nigam
- Department of Biochemistry, H. N. B. Garhwal (A Central) University, Srinagar Garhwal, India
| | - Abhay Prakash Mishra
- Adarsh Vijendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Shobhit University, Gangoh, India
| | - Dmitryi Alexeevich Konovalov
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Botany and Technology of Phytopreparations, Pyatigorsk Medical-Pharmaceutical Institute, Branch of Volgograd State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Pyatigorsk, Russia
| | - Valeriya Orobinskaya
- Institute of Service, Tourism and Design (Branch) of North-Caucasus Federal University in Pyatigorsk, Pyatigorsk, Russia
| | - Ibrahim M. Abu-Reidah
- Department of Environmental Science/Boreal Ecosystem Research Initiative, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL, Canada
| | - Wissam Zam
- Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Andalus University for Medical Sciences, Tartous, Syria
| | - Farukh Sharopov
- “Chinese-Tajik Innovation Center for Natural Products”, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
| | - Tommaso Venneri
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Raffaele Capasso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | | | - Anna Wawruszak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Wojciech Koch
- Chair and Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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Manzanilla Valdez ML, Segura Campos MR. Renal and Hepatic Disease: Cnidoscolus aconitifolius as Diet Therapy Proposal for Prevention and Treatment. J Am Coll Nutr 2020; 40:646-664. [PMID: 33301380 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2020.1810171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The lack of prevention of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) has caused an increase in the mortality rate including conditions such as chronic kidney disease (CKD) and liver disease (LD). The high complexity of CKD and LD results in alterations in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. One of the changes observed in CKD and LD is the decrease in albumin, elevation of PO4-3, K+, creatinine, urea, and transaminase enzymes. The pharmacological treatment is expensive. Nowadays, phytotherapy is an option to treat NCDs. Aqueous, ethanolic, methanolic, and ethyl acetate extracts of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius have shown nephroprotective and hepatoprotective potential and can be an alternative to prevent and treat CKD and LD. C. aconitifolius, known as Chaya by Mayas in Yucatán, is a shrub that is consumed in Mexico and in the world, has a low cost, it is very accessible, and can growth in extreme weather. The aim of this review is to show the potential biological effects of C. aconitifolius extracts, and the association of the phytochemicals in the extract. It is known that different solvents result in the uptake of different phytochemicals. These have shown various effects such as hypoglycemic, hypotensive, hypolipidemic, and antioxidant, being a natural alternative to the treatment of NCDs.Key teaching pointsPhytotherapy is a proposal to treat NCDs.Cnidoscolus aconitifolius extracts have a hypotensive effect.Cnidoscolus aconitifolius extracts reduce blood sugar in diabetic rats.Chaya extracts are no toxic for renal and hepatic cells.
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Quadro L, Giordano E, Costabile BK, Nargis T, Iqbal J, Kim Y, Wassef L, Hussain MM. Interplay between β-carotene and lipoprotein metabolism at the maternal-fetal barrier. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158591. [PMID: 31863969 PMCID: PMC7302977 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.158591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin A is an essential nutrient, critical for proper embryonic development in mammals. Both embryonic vitamin A-deficiency or -excess lead to congenital malformations or lethality in mammals, including humans. This is due to the defective transcriptional action of retinoic acid, the active form of vitamin A, that regulates in a spatial- and temporal-dependent manner the expression of genes essential for organogenesis. Thus, an adequate supply of vitamin A from the maternal circulation is vital for normal mammalian fetal development. Provitamin A carotenoids circulate in the maternal bloodstream and are available to the embryo. Of all the dietary carotenoids, β-carotene is the main vitamin A precursor, contributing at least 30% of the vitamin A intake in the industrialized countries and often constituting the sole source of retinoids (vitamin A and its derivatives) in the developing world. In humans, up to 40% of the absorbed dietary β-carotene is incorporated in its intact form in chylomicrons for distribution to other organs within the body, including the developing tissues. Here, it can serve as a source of vitamin A upon conversion into apocarotenoids by its cleavage enzymes. Given that β-carotene is carried in the bloodstream by lipoproteins, and that the placenta acquires, assembles and secretes lipoproteins, it is becoming evident that the maternal-fetal transfer of β-carotene relies on lipoprotein metabolism. Here, we will explore the current knowledge about this important biological process, the cross-talk between carotenoid and lipid metabolism in the context of the maternal-fetal transfer of this provitamin A precursor, and the mechanisms whereby β-carotene is metabolized by the developing tissues. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Carotenoids recent advances in cell and molecular biology edited by Johannes von Lintig and Loredana Quadro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Quadro
- Food Science Department, Rutgers Center for Lipid Research and Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA;,Corresponding author: Loredana Quadro, PhD; Department of Food Science, Rutgers Center for Lipid Research and Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Rutgers University, 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; Tel: +1 848 9325491; Fax: +1 732 9326776;
| | - Elena Giordano
- Food Science Department, Rutgers Center for Lipid Research and Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Brianna K. Costabile
- Food Science Department, Rutgers Center for Lipid Research and Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA;,Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Titli Nargis
- Department of Foundations of Medicine, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, and Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, NYU Winthrop Hospital, Mineola, New York, USA
| | - Jahangir Iqbal
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA;,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Eastern Region, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Younkyung Kim
- Food Science Department, Rutgers Center for Lipid Research and Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Lesley Wassef
- Food Science Department, Rutgers Center for Lipid Research and Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - M. Mahmood Hussain
- Department of Foundations of Medicine, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, and Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, NYU Winthrop Hospital, Mineola, New York, USA;,Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
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von Lintig J. Eat Your Carrots! β-Carotene and Cholesterol Homeostasis. J Nutr 2020; 150:2003-2005. [PMID: 32747944 PMCID: PMC7398763 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Dima C, Assadpour E, Dima S, Jafari SM. Nutraceutical nanodelivery; an insight into the bioaccessibility/bioavailability of different bioactive compounds loaded within nanocarriers. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:3031-3065. [PMID: 32691612 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1792409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nanofoods is a current concept that is based on the application of nanotechnologies in the preparation of safe foods, with superior nutritional and sensory characteristics, and capable of providing multiple health benefits. In line with the principles of this concept, food scientists have focused on developing new types of nano biosystems that can contribute to increasing the bioavailability of bioactive compounds used in food fortification. Numerous research teams have investigated the main factors limiting oral bioavailability including: bioaccessibility, absorption and transformation of bioactive compounds and bioactive-loaded nanocarriers. The physicochemical processes involved in the factors limiting oral bioavailability have been extensively studied, such asthe release, solubility and interaction of bioactive compounds and nanocarriers during food digestion, transport mechanisms of bioactive compounds and nanoparticles through intestinal epithelial cells as well as the chemical and biochemical transformations in phase I and phase II reactions. In this comprehensive review, the physicochemical processes involved in the bioaccessibility/bioavailability of different encapsulated bioactive compounds, that play an important role in human health, will be explained including polyphenols, phytosterols, carotenoids, vitamins and minerals. In particular, the mechanisms involved in the cellular uptake of bioactive-loaded nanocarriers including transcellular transport (diffusion, endocytosis, pinocytosis, transcytosis, phagocytosis), paracellular transport (through the "tight junctions" between epithelial cells), and the active transport of bioactive compounds under the action of membrane transporters are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Dima
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, Galati, Romania
| | - Elham Assadpour
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Stefan Dima
- Faculty of Science and Environment, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, Galati, Romania
| | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
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Personalized Nutrition for Management of Micronutrient Deficiency-Literature Review in Non-bariatric Populations and Possible Utility in Bariatric Cohort. Obes Surg 2020; 30:3570-3582. [PMID: 32564308 PMCID: PMC7378102 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-020-04762-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Bariatric surgery can effectively treat morbid obesity; however, micronutrient deficiencies are common despite recommendations for high-dose supplements. Genetic predisposition to deficiencies underscores necessary identification of high-risk candidates. Personalized nutrition (PN) can be a tool to manage these deficiencies. Methods Medline, PubMed, and Google Scholar were searched. Articles involving genetic testing, micronutrient metabolism, and bariatric surgery were included. Results Studies show associations between genetic variants and micronutrient metabolism. Research demonstrates genetic testing to be a predictor for outcomes among obesity and bariatric surgery populations. There is limited research in bariatric surgery and micronutrient genetic variants. Conclusion Genotype-based PN is becoming feasible to provide an effective treatment of micronutrient deficiencies associated with bariatric surgery. The role of genomic technology in micronutrient recommendations needs further investigation.
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Kelly JM, Matuszek G, van den Broek TJ, Huggins GS, Smith CE, Ordovas JM, Wopereis S, Booth SL. Associations between Circulating Lipids and Fat-Soluble Vitamins and Carotenoids in Healthy Overweight and Obese Men. Curr Dev Nutr 2020; 4:nzaa089. [PMID: 32550273 PMCID: PMC7290122 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzaa089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Inconsistent associations between lipids and circulating markers of fat-soluble vitamin and carotenoid status have been reported. The aim of this hypothesis-generating study was to examine the contribution of the LC-MS-based lipidome, characterized by lipid class, carbon count, and the number of unsaturated bonds, to the interindividual variability in circulating concentrations of retinol, carotenoids, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, α-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, and phylloquinone in 35 overweight and obese, but healthy men. A sparse partial least-squares method was used to accomplish this aim. Highly abundant phospholipids and triglycerides (TGs) contributed to the interindividual variability in phylloquinone, α-tocopherol, and γ-tocopherol. Interindividual variability in lycopene concentrations was driven by concentrations of low-abundant TG. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3, retinol, and the other carotenoids were not influenced by lipids. Except for lycopene, evaluation of lipids beyond class does not appear to further explain the interindividual variability in circulating concentrations of fat-soluble vitamins and carotenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Kelly
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gregory Matuszek
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tim J van den Broek
- Research Group Microbiology & Systems Biology, Netherlands Institute for Applied Science (TNO), Zeist, Netherlands
| | - Gordon S Huggins
- Center for Translational Genomics, Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Caren E Smith
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jose M Ordovas
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Suzan Wopereis
- Research Group Microbiology & Systems Biology, Netherlands Institute for Applied Science (TNO), Zeist, Netherlands
| | - Sarah L Booth
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
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von Lintig J, Moon J, Babino D. Molecular components affecting ocular carotenoid and retinoid homeostasis. Prog Retin Eye Res 2020; 80:100864. [PMID: 32339666 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2020.100864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The photochemistry of vision employs opsins and geometric isomerization of their covalently bound retinylidine chromophores. In different animal classes, these light receptors associate with distinct G proteins that either hyperpolarize or depolarize photoreceptor membranes. Vertebrates also use the acidic form of chromophore, retinoic acid, as the ligand of nuclear hormone receptors that orchestrate eye development. To establish and sustain these processes, animals must acquire carotenoids from the diet, transport them, and metabolize them to chromophore and retinoic acid. The understanding of carotenoid metabolism, however, lagged behind our knowledge about the biology of their receptor molecules. In the past decades, much progress has been made in identifying the genes encoding proteins that mediate the transport and enzymatic transformations of carotenoids and their retinoid metabolites. Comparative analysis in different animal classes revealed how evolutionary tinkering with a limited number of genes evolved different biochemical strategies to supply photoreceptors with chromophore. Mutations in these genes impair carotenoid metabolism and induce various ocular pathologies. This review summarizes this advancement and introduces the involved proteins, including the homeostatic regulation of their activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes von Lintig
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Jean Moon
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Darwin Babino
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Westerman K, Kelly JM, Ordovás JM, Booth SL, DeMeo DL. Epigenome-wide association study reveals a molecular signature of response to phylloquinone (vitamin K1) supplementation. Epigenetics 2020; 15:859-870. [PMID: 32090699 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2020.1734714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests there are roles for vitamin K in various chronic disease outcomes, but population-level diet and supplement recommendations are difficult to determine due to high levels of variability in measures of status and response to intake compared to other nutrients. In this preliminary investigation, a blood-based epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) comparing responders and non-responders to phylloquinone (vitamin K1) supplementation (NCT00183001) was undertaken in order to better understand the molecular underpinnings of this observed variability. Responders (n = 24) and non-responders (n = 24) were identified in a prior 3-year phylloquinone supplementation trial based on their changes in plasma phylloquinone concentrations. Differential DNA methylation was identified in multiple regions with previously unknown relationships to phylloquinone absorption and metabolism, such as at the TMEM263 locus. A hypothesis-driven analysis of lipid-related genes highlighted a site in the NPC1L1 gene, supplementing existing evidence for its role in phylloquinone absorption. Furthermore, an EWAS for baseline plasma phylloquinone concentrations revealed a strong correlation between the epigenomic signatures of phylloquinone baseline status and response to supplementation. This work can guide future epigenomic research on vitamin K and contributes to the development of more personalized dietary recommendations for vitamin K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Westerman
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University , Boston, MA, USA.,Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, MA
| | - Jennifer M Kelly
- Vitamin K Laboratory, JM-USDAHuman Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University , Boston, MA, USA
| | - José M Ordovás
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University , Boston, MA, USA.,IMDEA Alimentación, CEI, UAM , Madrid, Spain.,Department of Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Population Genetics, Centro Nacional De Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC) , Madrid, Spain
| | - Sarah L Booth
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University , Boston, MA, USA.,Vitamin K Laboratory, JM-USDAHuman Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University , Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dawn L DeMeo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital , Boston, MA, USA
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Bonet ML, Ribot J, Galmés S, Serra F, Palou A. Carotenoids and carotenoid conversion products in adipose tissue biology and obesity: Pre-clinical and human studies. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158676. [PMID: 32120014 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Antiobesity activities of carotenoids and carotenoid conversion products (CCPs) have been demonstrated in pre-clinical studies, and mechanisms behind have begun to be unveiled, thus suggesting these compounds may help obesity prevention and management. The antiobesity action of carotenoids and CCPs can be traced to effects in multiple tissues, notably the adipose tissues. Key aspects of the biology of adipose tissues appear to be affected by carotenoid and CCPs, including adipogenesis, metabolic capacities for energy storage, release and inefficient oxidation, secretory function, and modulation of oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways. Here, we review the connections of carotenoids and CCPs with adipose tissue biology and obesity as revealed by cell and animal intervention studies, studies addressing the role of endogenous retinoid metabolism, and human epidemiological and intervention studies. We also consider human genetic variability influencing carotenoid and vitamin A metabolism, particularly in adipose tissues, as a potentially relevant aspect towards personalization of dietary recommendations to prevent or manage obesity and optimize metabolic health. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Carotenoids recent advances in cell and molecular biology edited by Johannes von Lintig and Loredana Quadro.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Luisa Bonet
- Grup de Recerca Nutrigenòmica i Obesitat, Laboratori de Biologia Molecular, Nutrició i Biotecnologia (LBNB), Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Spain.
| | - Joan Ribot
- Grup de Recerca Nutrigenòmica i Obesitat, Laboratori de Biologia Molecular, Nutrició i Biotecnologia (LBNB), Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Spain
| | | | - Francisca Serra
- Grup de Recerca Nutrigenòmica i Obesitat, Laboratori de Biologia Molecular, Nutrició i Biotecnologia (LBNB), Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Spain
| | - Andreu Palou
- Grup de Recerca Nutrigenòmica i Obesitat, Laboratori de Biologia Molecular, Nutrició i Biotecnologia (LBNB), Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Spain
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A Review of Micronutrients and the Immune System-Working in Harmony to Reduce the Risk of Infection. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12010236. [PMID: 31963293 PMCID: PMC7019735 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 518] [Impact Index Per Article: 129.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune support by micronutrients is historically based on vitamin C deficiency and supplementation in scurvy in early times. It has since been established that the complex, integrated immune system needs multiple specific micronutrients, including vitamins A, D, C, E, B6, and B12, folate, zinc, iron, copper, and selenium, which play vital, often synergistic roles at every stage of the immune response. Adequate amounts are essential to ensure the proper function of physical barriers and immune cells; however, daily micronutrient intakes necessary to support immune function may be higher than current recommended dietary allowances. Certain populations have inadequate dietary micronutrient intakes, and situations with increased requirements (e.g., infection, stress, and pollution) further decrease stores within the body. Several micronutrients may be deficient, and even marginal deficiency may impair immunity. Although contradictory data exist, available evidence indicates that supplementation with multiple micronutrients with immune-supporting roles may modulate immune function and reduce the risk of infection. Micronutrients with the strongest evidence for immune support are vitamins C and D and zinc. Better design of human clinical studies addressing dosage and combinations of micronutrients in different populations are required to substantiate the benefits of micronutrient supplementation against infection.
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Carotenoid metabolism at the intestinal barrier. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2019; 1865:158580. [PMID: 31794861 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.158580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Carotenoids exert a rich variety of physiological functions in mammals and are beneficial for human health. These lipids are acquired from the diet and metabolized to apocarotenoids, including retinoids (vitamin A and its metabolites). The small intestine is a major site for their absorption and bioconversion. From here, carotenoids and their metabolites are distributed within the body in triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins to support retinoid signaling in peripheral tissues and photoreceptor function in the eyes. In recent years, much progress has been made in identifying carotenoid metabolizing enzymes, transporters, and binding proteins. A diet-responsive regulatory network controls the activity of these components and adapts carotenoid absorption and bioconversion to the bodily requirements of these lipids. Genetic variability in the genes encoding these components alters carotenoid homeostasis and is associated with pathologies. We here summarize the advanced state of knowledge about intestinal carotenoid metabolism and its impact on carotenoid and retinoid homeostasis of other organ systems, including the eyes, liver, and immune system. The implication of the findings for science-based intake recommendations for these essential dietary lipids is discussed. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Carotenoids recent advances in cell and molecular biology edited by Johannes von Lintig and Loredana Quadro.
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Contribution of plant food bioactives in promoting health effects of plant foods: why look at interindividual variability? Eur J Nutr 2019; 58:13-19. [PMID: 31637469 PMCID: PMC6851219 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02096-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Research has identified plant-based diets as the most protective for our health; it is now essential to focus on good food associations and the beneficial constituents in plant foods. From a growing body of evidence, some categories of food phytochemicals are increasingly considered to play a crucial role in the cardiometabolic health effects associated with plant food consumption. However, the heterogeneity in responsiveness to plant food bioactive intake that is frequently observed in clinical trials can hinder the identification of the effects of these compounds in specific subpopulations and likely lead to underestimating their actual contribution to the health effects of their food sources. Results The magnitude and the main factors responsible for this between-subject variation in response to the consumption of the major families of food phytochemicals have been poorly documented so far. Thus, research efforts in this area must be developed. More importantly, capturing the interindividual variability in response to plant food bioactive intake, together with identifying the main determinants involved, is a crucial step that will enable the development and production of plant food products, thereby satisfying the nutritional needs and conferring benefits to different categories of populations. Conclusion The development of a science-based personalised nutrition approach focusing on plant foods rich in specific bioactive compounds could contribute to alleviating the dramatic burden of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Plant food bioactives represent a tremendous potential for innovation in the field of food, nutrition, and health. The role of phytochemicals in the health benefits of plant-based foods has been underestimated so far. A full consideration of plant food bioactives in future preventive strategies implies research that tackles the factors responsible for interindividual variability. A better understanding of interindividual variability in response to plant food bioactives is needed to:Refine dietary recommendations towards foods that are particularly rich in specific bioactives. Broaden perspectives for the food industry to develop strategies for future personalised food products targeted to specific consumer groups.
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Reddy VS, Palika R, Ismail A, Pullakhandam R, Reddy GB. Nutrigenomics: Opportunities & challenges for public health nutrition. Indian J Med Res 2019; 148:632-641. [PMID: 30666988 PMCID: PMC6366269 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1738_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The hierarchical information flow through DNA-RNA-protein-metabolite collectively referred to as ‘molecular fingerprint’ defines both health and disease. Environment and food (quality and quantity) are the key factors known to affect the health of an individual. The fundamental concepts are that the transition from a healthy condition to a disease phenotype must occur by concurrent alterations in the genome expression or by differences in protein synthesis, function and metabolites. In other words, the dietary components directly or indirectly modulate the molecular fingerprint and understanding of which is dealt with nutrigenomics. Although the fundamental principles of nutrigenomics remain similar to that of traditional research, a collection of comprehensive targeted/untargeted data sets in the context of nutrition offers the unique advantage of understanding complex metabolic networks to provide a mechanistic understanding of data from epidemiological and intervention studies. In this review the challenges and opportunities of nutrigenomic tools in addressing the nutritional problems of public health importance are discussed. The application of nutrigenomic tools provided numerous leads on biomarkers of nutrient intake, undernutrition, metabolic syndrome and its complications. Importantly, nutrigenomic studies also led to the discovery of the association of multiple genetic polymorphisms in relation to the variability of micronutrient absorption and metabolism, providing a potential opportunity for further research toward setting personalized dietary recommendations for individuals and population subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sudhakar Reddy
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ravindranadh Palika
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ayesha Ismail
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
| | - Raghu Pullakhandam
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
| | - G Bhanuprakash Reddy
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
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Tremblay BL, Guénard F, Lamarche B, Pérusse L, Vohl MC. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis to explain the relationship between plasma total carotenoids and lipid profile. GENES AND NUTRITION 2019; 14:16. [PMID: 31086608 PMCID: PMC6505263 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-019-0639-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Variability in circulating carotenoids may be attributable to several factors including, among others, genetic variants and lipid profile. However, relatively few studies have considered the impact of gene expression in the inter-individual variability in circulating carotenoids. Most studies considered expression of genes individually and ignored their high degree of interconnection. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) is a systems biology method used for finding gene clusters with highly correlated expression levels and for relating them to phenotypic traits. The objective of the present observational study is to examine the relationship between plasma total carotenoid concentrations and lipid profile using WGCNA. Results Whole blood expression levels of 533 probes were associated with plasma total carotenoids. Among the four WGCNA distinct modules identified, turquoise, blue, and brown modules correlated with plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and total cholesterol. Probes showing a strong association with HDL-C and total cholesterol were also the most important elements of the brown and blue modules. A total of four and 29 hub genes associated with total carotenoids were potentially related to HDL-C and total cholesterol, respectively. Conclusions Expression levels of 533 probes were associated with plasma total carotenoid concentrations. Using WGCNA, four modules and several hub genes related to lipid and carotenoid metabolism were identified. This integrative analysis provides evidence for the potential role of gene co-expression in the relationship between carotenoids and lipid concentrations. Further studies and validation of the hub genes are needed. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12263-019-0639-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bénédicte L Tremblay
- 1Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, 2440 Hochelaga Blvd, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6 Canada.,2School of Nutrition, Laval University, 2425 rue de l'Agriculture, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - Frédéric Guénard
- 1Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, 2440 Hochelaga Blvd, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6 Canada.,2School of Nutrition, Laval University, 2425 rue de l'Agriculture, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - Benoît Lamarche
- 1Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, 2440 Hochelaga Blvd, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6 Canada.,2School of Nutrition, Laval University, 2425 rue de l'Agriculture, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - Louis Pérusse
- 1Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, 2440 Hochelaga Blvd, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6 Canada.,3Department of Kinesiology, Laval University, 2300 rue de la Terrasse, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Vohl
- 1Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, 2440 Hochelaga Blvd, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6 Canada.,2School of Nutrition, Laval University, 2425 rue de l'Agriculture, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6 Canada
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Xavier AAO, Mercadante AZ. The bioaccessibility of carotenoids impacts the design of functional foods. Curr Opin Food Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2019.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Vitamin E Metabolic Effects and Genetic Variants: A Challenge for Precision Nutrition in Obesity and Associated Disturbances. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10121919. [PMID: 30518135 PMCID: PMC6316334 DOI: 10.3390/nu10121919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin E (VE) has a recognized leading role as a contributor to the protection of cell constituents from oxidative damage. However, evidence suggests that the health benefits of VE go far beyond that of an antioxidant acting in lipophilic environments. In humans, VE is channeled toward pathways dealing with lipoproteins and cholesterol, underlining its relevance in lipid handling and metabolism. In this context, both VE intake and status may be relevant in physiopathological conditions associated with disturbances in lipid metabolism or concomitant with oxidative stress, such as obesity. However, dietary reference values for VE in obese populations have not yet been defined, and VE supplementation trials show contradictory results. Therefore, a better understanding of the role of genetic variants in genes involved in VE metabolism may be crucial to exert dietary recommendations with a higher degree of precision. In particular, genetic variability should be taken into account in targets concerning VE bioavailability per se or concomitant with impaired lipoprotein transport. Genetic variants associated with impaired VE liver balance, and the handling/resolution of oxidative stress might also be relevant, but the core information that exists at present is insufficient to deliver precise recommendations.
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