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Rueda HA, Ward KP, Hoffman S. Parent Physical and Psychological Aggression and Youth Dating Violence: A Latent Class Analysis Approach. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2024; 39:2460-2486. [PMID: 38149627 DOI: 10.1177/08862605231218224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Adolescent dating violence is a national public health issue and research suggests that aggressive parenting may predict the likelihood that a child will subsequently experience abuse. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of parent physical and psychological aggression on adolescent dating violence perpetration and victimization. Data derived from the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study resulted in a racially and ethnically diverse sample of adolescents in dating relationships at the age of 15 years (N = 952). Utilizing both parent and adolescent data which assessed parenting practices at ages 3, 5, 9, and 15, and adolescent dating violence victimization and perpetration at age 15, we analyzed the data using a latest class analysis. Youth were typologized into three classes: the non-physically aggressive parenting, nonaggressive dating class (Class 1; 16% of youth), the aggressive parenting, nonaggressive dating class (Class 2; 76% of youth), and the aggressive parenting, aggressive dating class (Class 3; 8% of youth). Parents across all three classes utilized high levels of psychologically aggressive parenting. An important finding from this study is that parents' use of both physically and psychologically aggressive parenting only predicted subsequent dating violence victimization and perpetration among a small portion of adolescents. Findings suggest that additional risk factors, including household income and adolescent impulsivity, may help to elucidate pathways to adolescent dating violence. There is also a need to further explore the resiliency factors at play for youth who, despite having experienced both psychologically and physically aggressive parenting across the lifespan, did not experience dating violence victimization or perpetration.
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Starks TJ, Robles G, Dellucci TV, Cain D, D Kyre K, Outlaw AY, Lovejoy TI, Naar S, Ewing SWF. Optimizing Individual HIV Testing and Counseling for Emerging Adult Sexual Minority Men (Aged 18 to 24) in Relationships: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of Adjunct Communication Components. AIDS Behav 2024:10.1007/s10461-024-04371-6. [PMID: 38801503 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-024-04371-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The majority of new HIV infections in the US occur among sexual minority men (SMM) with older adolescent and emerging adult SMM at the highest risk. Those in relationships face unique HIV prevention challenges. Existing sexual HIV transmission risk interventions for male couples often encounter implementation challenges and engaging younger SMM early in relationships may be particularly difficult. This pilot randomized controlled trial evaluated the acceptibility and feasibility of We Test HIV testing - a behavioral health intervention tailored for younger SMM in realtionships - and generated preliminary estimates of effect size. The intervention comprises two adjunct moduls - video-based communication skills training as well as communication goal setting and planning - delivered in conjunction with routine HIV testing and counseling in individual or dyadic formats. A sample of 69 SMM aged 17 to 24 were recruited online. Following baseline assessment, youth were randomized to receive either the experimental, We Test, intervention or routine HIV testing (the control condition). Follow-up assessments were completed 3 and 6 months post-baseline. Results suggested the study was feasible and the individually delivered format was acceptible. We Test HIV testing was associated with significant improvements in communication skills. In addition, youth who remained in a relationship experienced an increase in communal coping to reduce HIV infection risk and relationship power. While groups did not differ with respect to condomless anal sex with casual partners, these psycho-social constructs (communication, communal coping with HIV prevention, and relationship power) may serve as mediators of intervention effects on sexual risk reduction in a larger study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyrel J Starks
- Department of Psychology, Hunter College, City University of New York, 695 Park Ave. 611 Hunter North, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Graduate Program in Health Psychology and Clinical Practice, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Gabriel Robles
- School of Social Work, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Trey V Dellucci
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Demetria Cain
- Department of Psychology, Hunter College, City University of New York, 695 Park Ave. 611 Hunter North, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Kory D Kyre
- Department of Psychology, Hunter College, City University of New York, 695 Park Ave. 611 Hunter North, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Angulique Y Outlaw
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Travis I Lovejoy
- Division of Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Sylvie Naar
- Center for Translational Behavioral Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA
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Ha T, Iida M, Quiroz SI, Maras O, Savord A. Feeling loved in mixed-gender adolescent romantic relationships in the face of daily stress and support: A dyadic diary study. Dev Sci 2024:e13511. [PMID: 38616624 DOI: 10.1111/desc.13511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
A profound developmental experience is the emergence of adolescent romantic relationships and first feelings of love. However, the daily nature of feeling loved in adolescents' everyday lives is poorly understood. We investigated how daily stress severity was associated with adolescents' levels of feeling loved and whether romantic partner support moderated these associations. Furthermore, we investigated this for non-interpersonal and interpersonal stressors. N = 97 mixed-gender adolescent romantic couples (age M = 16.38, SD = 1.02) from an ethnically diverse sample (42.2% Hispanic/Latino/a/x, 44.7% White) participated in dyadic diary assessments twice a week for 12 consecutive weeks. Both partners independently completed open-ended questions about a daily stressor, indicating stress severity, perceived partner support, and feeling loved. Daily stressors were coded for non-interpersonal and various types of interpersonal stressors. Results from the dyadic multilevel model showed that days with lower than average support from a romantic partner amplify the adverse effects of stress severity on feeling loved, especially when the partner is involved in the stressor. We discuss the spillover of stress in romantic relationships and the stress-buffering functions of adolescent romantic partner support. Adolescent romantic partners are potentially essential regulators of stress, increasing adolescents' feelings of love. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Romantic love is central in adolescents' lives; we showed that adolescents generally feel loved by romantic partners. Feeling loved fluctuates daily as adolescents feel less loved on stressful days. However, when adolescents perceive their partner as supportive, there is no association between stress and feeling loved. Partner support is protective for feeling loved. The current study provides essential insights into when adolescents and why adolescents feel loved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao Ha
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Masumi Iida
- T. Denny Sanford School of Social and Family Dynamics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Selena I Quiroz
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Olivia Maras
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Andrea Savord
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
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Zhang LR, Chen WW. Is it harmful to me or to us? A dyadic analysis of Chinese young adults' dysfunctional individuation and romantic relationship satisfaction. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 59:279-287. [PMID: 38013615 DOI: 10.1002/ijop.13092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed at examining how romantically involved Chinese young adults' dysfunctional individuation was associated with their and their partners' perceptions of romantic relationship satisfaction. We recruited 296 Chinese couples who were currently in heterosexual romantic relationships at the university. The couples completed self-report measures of their dysfunctional individuation and relationship satisfaction. Results from the cross-sectional actor-partner interdependence model (APIM) indicated that (a) for both genders, actor effects existed: Chinese young adults' dysfunctional individuation was negatively associated with their romantic relationship satisfaction; (b) in terms of partners' effects, women's dysfunctional individuation was negatively associated with men's perceptions of relationship satisfaction; but (c) men's dysfunctional individuation was not significantly associated with women's perceptions of relationship satisfaction. The findings were the first to reveal the actor and partner effects of dysfunctional individuation on romantic relationship satisfaction. The study results provided practical implications regarding how young adults can have satisfying romantic relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Ran Zhang
- Faculty of Education, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Wei-Wen Chen
- Faculty of Education, University of Macau, Macau, China
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Boyd AT, Rocconi LM, Morrow JA. Construct validation and measurement invariance of the Parasocial Relationships in Social Media survey. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300356. [PMID: 38547192 PMCID: PMC10977705 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper examines the construct validity and measurement invariance of the Parasocial Relationships in Social Media (PRISM) survey which was designed to provide researchers with a valid and reliable tool for measuring parasocial relationships developed in a social media context. A confirmatory factor analysis indicated the survey provides an adequate measure of parasocial relationships with online, social media celebrities, replicating the factor structure found by Boyd and colleagues when they developed PRISM and providing evidence of the construct validity of the survey. Additionally, scalar measurement invariance was achieved which supports the survey's ability to compare parasocial relationships across different social media platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin T. Boyd
- Educational Leadership and Policy Studies, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America
- American Reading Company, Blue Bell, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Louis M. Rocconi
- Educational Leadership and Policy Studies, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Jennifer Ann Morrow
- Educational Leadership and Policy Studies, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America
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Bilgin A, Wolke D, Trower H, Baumann N, Räikkönen K, Heinonen K, Kajantie E, Schnitzlein D, Lemola S. Problems in peer relationships and low engagement in romantic relationships in preterm born adolescents: effects of maternal warmth in early childhood. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-024-02399-6. [PMID: 38492017 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02399-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
This study examined whether maternal warmth in early childhood moderates the association between preterm birth and problems in peer relationships and low engagement in romantic relationships in adolescence. We studied 9193 individuals from the Millennium Cohort Study in the United Kingdom, 99 (1.1%) of whom were born very preterm (VPT; < 32 weeks of gestation) and 629 (6.8%) moderate-to-late preterm (MLPT; 32-36 weeks gestation). Maternal warmth was reported by the mothers when their children were 3 years old. Peer relationship problems were reported by both the participants and their mothers at 14 and 17 years. Further, participants reported their engagement in romantic relationships at 14 and 17 years. All outcome variables were z-standardized, and the moderation effect was examined via hierarchical linear regressions. Compared to full-term birth, both MLPT and VPT birth were associated with lower engagement in romantic relationships at 17 years of age (b = .04, p = .02; b = .11, p = .02, respectively), and VPT birth was associated with increased peer relationship problems at 14 (b = .29, p = .01) and 17 years of age (b = .22, p = .046). Maternal warmth in early childhood was similarly associated with lower peer relationship problems in MLPT, VPT and full-term born adolescents. However, there was no influence of maternal warmth on engagement in romantic relationships at 17 years of age. There is no major modifying effect of maternal warmth in early childhood on the association between PT birth and peer relationship problems and low engagement in romantic relationships at 14 and 17 years of ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayten Bilgin
- Department of Psychology, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK.
| | - Dieter Wolke
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, Mental Health and Wellbeing Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Hayley Trower
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, Mental Health and Wellbeing Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Nicole Baumann
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Katri Räikkönen
- Department of Psychology & Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kati Heinonen
- Psychology/Welfare Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Eero Kajantie
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Clinical Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Pediatric Research Center, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Daniel Schnitzlein
- Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- IZA Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sakari Lemola
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Department of Psychology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
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Liu X, Liu ZZ, Yang Y, Jia CX. Starting a Romantic Relationship, Breakups, and Sleep: A Longitudinal Study of Chinese Adolescents. Behav Sleep Med 2024; 22:190-205. [PMID: 37325917 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2023.2217973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological data on the association between romantic experiences and sleep in adolescents are limited. This study examined the associations of starting a romantic relationship (SRR) and romantic breakups with insomnia symptoms and sleep duration in adolescents. METHODS A total of 7,072 Chinese adolescents were surveyed in November-December 2015 and 1 year later. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess SRR, romantic breakups, sleep duration, insomnia symptoms, depressive symptoms, substance use, and demographics. RESULTS The mean age of the sample was 14.58 (SD = 1.46) years and half were female. SRR only, breakups only, and both (SRR + breakups) in the past year were reported by 7.0%, 8.4%, and 15.4% of the sample, respectively. At the baseline and 1-year follow-up, 15.2% and 14.7% of the sample had insomnia symptoms and 47.7% and 42.1% reported short sleep duration (<7 h/night), respectively. After adjusting for depressive symptoms, substance use, and demographics, SRR and breakups were significantly associated with 35-45% increased odds of insomnia symptoms at baseline. SRR + breakups were significantly associated with short sleep duration (OR = 1.28, 95%CI = 1.05-1.56). SRR (OR = 1.61, 95%CI = 1.16-2.23) and breakups (OR = 1.43, 95%CI = 1.04-1.96) were significantly associated with increased odds of incident insomnia symptoms at 1-year follow-up. These associations were stronger in younger adolescents (<15 years) than in older adolescents (≥15 years), especially in girls. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that SRR and breakups are associated with insomnia symptoms and short sleep duration, underscoring the importance of romantic relationships education and management of romantic stress for healthy sleep especially in early adolescent girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianchen Liu
- Center for Public Health Initiatives, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zhen-Zhen Liu
- School of Psychology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanyun Yang
- Department of Educational Psychology and Learning Systems, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Cun-Xian Jia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo Medical College, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Walton CC, Purcell R, Henderson JL, Kim J, Kerr G, Frost J, Gwyther K, Pilkington V, Rice S, Tamminen KA. Mental Health Among Elite Youth Athletes: A Narrative Overview to Advance Research and Practice. Sports Health 2024; 16:166-176. [PMID: 38173251 PMCID: PMC10916785 DOI: 10.1177/19417381231219230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Participation in sports during youth is typically beneficial for mental health. However, it is unclear whether elite sport contexts contribute to greater risk of psychological distress or disorder. The aims of this paper are to highlight conceptual issues that require resolution in future research and practice, and to examine the key factors that may contribute to the mental health of elite youth athletes (EYAs). EVIDENCE ACQUISITION A narrative overview of the literature combined with the clinical and research expertise of the authors. STUDY DESIGN Narrative overview. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 5. RESULTS EYAs experience a range of biopsychosocial developmental changes that interact with mental health in a multitude of ways. In addition, there are various sport-specific factors that contribute to the mental health of EYAs that may become more prominent in elite contexts. These include - but are not limited to - patterns relating to athlete coping and self-relating styles, the nature of peer, parental, and coach relationships, organizational culture and performance pressures, and mental health service provision and accessibility. CONCLUSION A range of critical factors across individual, interpersonal, organizational, and societal domains have been shown to contribute to mental health among EYAs. However, this evidence is limited by heterogeneous samples and varied or imprecise terminology regarding what constitutes "youth" and "elite" in sport. Nevertheless, it is clear that EYAs face a range of risks that warrant careful consideration to progress to best practice principles and recommendations for mental health promotion and intervention in elite youth sport. SORT Level C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney C Walton
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Elite Sports and Mental Health, Orygen, Melbourne, Australia
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Rosemary Purcell
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Elite Sports and Mental Health, Orygen, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jo L Henderson
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeemin Kim
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Gretchen Kerr
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joshua Frost
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Elite Sports and Mental Health, Orygen, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kate Gwyther
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Elite Sports and Mental Health, Orygen, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vita Pilkington
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Elite Sports and Mental Health, Orygen, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Simon Rice
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Elite Sports and Mental Health, Orygen, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Katherine A Tamminen
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Fowler JA, Mendis M, Crook A, Chavez-Baldini U, Baca T, Dean JA. Exploring Aromanticism Through an Online Qualitative Investigation With the Aromantic Community: "Freeing, Alienating, and Utterly Fantastic". INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SEXUAL HEALTH : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR SEXUAL HEALTH 2024; 36:126-143. [PMID: 38596810 PMCID: PMC10903686 DOI: 10.1080/19317611.2024.2311158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Objective To explore what aromanticism is, common misconceptions about this identity, and the experiences people have connecting with an aromantic identity. Methods An online, international open-ended survey with a convenience sample of aromantic individuals (N = 1642) analyzed with thematic analysis. Results To identify as aromantic involves a spectrum of experiences with romance commonly tied to experiencing stigma. Connecting with an aromantic identity allows for a greater understanding of the self and a connection to a community. Conclusions Future research is needed to explore the experiences and perspectives of this community to gather better understanding of their needs and how to prevent/limit stigmatizing experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A. Fowler
- The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Marini Mendis
- The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Alex Crook
- Aromantic-Spectrum Union for Recognition, Education, and Advocacy (AUREA), Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - UnYoung Chavez-Baldini
- Aromantic-Spectrum Union for Recognition, Education, and Advocacy (AUREA), Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Tabitha Baca
- The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Judith A. Dean
- The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, Poche Cente for Indigenous Health, Toowong, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Gorla L, Rothenberg WA, Lansford JE, Bacchini D, Bornstein MH, Chang L, Deater-Deckard K, Di Giunta L, Dodge KA, Gurdal S, Junla D, Liu Q, Long Q, Oburu P, Pastorelli C, Skinner AT, Sorbring E, Steinberg L, Tirado LMU, Yotanyamaneewong S, Alampay LP, Al-Hassan SM. Adolescents' relationships with parents and romantic partners in eight countries. J Adolesc 2024. [PMID: 38351616 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Creating romantic relationships characterized by high-quality, satisfaction, few conflicts, and reasoning strategies to handle conflicts is an important developmental task for adolescents connected to the relational models they receive from their parents. This study examines how parent-adolescent conflicts, attachment, positive parenting, and communication are related to adolescents' romantic relationship quality, satisfaction, conflicts, and management. METHOD We interviewed 311 adolescents at two time points (females = 52%, ages 15 and 17) in eight countries (China, Colombia, Italy, Kenya, the Philippines, Sweden, Thailand, and the United States). Generalized and linear mixed models were run considering the participants' nesting within countries. RESULTS Adolescents with negative conflicts with their parents reported low romantic relationship quality and satisfaction and high conflicts with their romantic partners. Adolescents experiencing an anxious attachment to their parents reported low romantic relationship quality, while adolescents with positive parenting showed high romantic relationship satisfaction. However, no association between parent-adolescent relationships and conflict management skills involving reasoning with the partner was found. No associations of parent-adolescent communication with romantic relationship dimensions emerged, nor was there any effect of the country on romantic relationship quality or satisfaction. CONCLUSION These results stress the relevance of parent-adolescent conflicts and attachment as factors connected to how adolescents experience romantic relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Marc H Bornstein
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Institute for Fiscal Studies, London, UK
- UNICEF, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Qin Liu
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Long
- Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Laurence Steinberg
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | - Suha M Al-Hassan
- Abu Dhabi Early Childhood Authority, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
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11
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Mueller MK, Callina KS, Richer AM, Charmaraman L. Longitudinal Associations Between Pet Relationship Quality and Socio-Emotional Functioning in Early Adolescence. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 2024; 33:e12718. [PMID: 38433732 PMCID: PMC10906745 DOI: 10.1111/sode.12718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Adolescence is a key developmental period for socio-emotional skills, and companion animal relationships may be one potential source of emotional support and resilience during this time. This study used longitudinal data from 940 pet-owning adolescents, collected over four time points, from youth in the Northeastern United States. We assessed whether pet relationship quality (indexed by relationship satisfaction, companionship, and emotional disclosure) predicted trajectories of loneliness, social anxiety, and depression. Results indicated that high satisfaction with a pet relationship was associated with more favorable trajectories, but companionship (i.e., regarding frequency of interacting with the pet) was not related significantly to socio-emotional functioning. High levels of disclosure to a pet were linked with less favorable trajectories for loneliness and depression, but not related to social anxiety. These results suggest that a pet relationship can, in some cases, be associated positively with socio-emotional development, but that there is significant complexity in these associations. Families, educators, and practitioners should take a nuanced approach to understanding individual adolescent-pet relationships as a contextual asset for specific youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan K. Mueller
- Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine and Tisch College of Civic Life at Tufts University, 200 Westboro Rd., North Grafton, MA 01536
| | | | - Amanda M. Richer
- Lynch Research Associates, 1 South Ave., Natick, MA 01760
- Wellesley Centers for Women, Wellesley College, 106 Central Street, Wellesley, MA 02481
| | - Linda Charmaraman
- Wellesley Centers for Women, Wellesley College, 106 Central Street, Wellesley, MA 02481
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Setty E, Dobson E. Young Love "Locked Down": Adolescent and Young Adult Perspectives on Sexting During the Covid-19 Pandemic in England. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2024; 53:481-495. [PMID: 37968536 PMCID: PMC10844455 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-023-02734-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
There were limited opportunities for in-person social, intimate, and sexual interactions in England during 2020-2021, due to restrictions imposed by the UK government in response to the Covid-19 pandemic. While previous studies examined the effects of lockdown on intimate relationships, there is less qualitative research regarding young people's perspectives on and experiences of digitally mediated intimacy (sexting) during the period. This paper discusses findings from focus groups with 80 adolescents and interviews with 38 young adults that explored the topic. Analysis identified a normalization of non-consensual distribution of intimate images within adolescent peer culture and a reluctance to report or intervene in response to incidents of non-consensual distribution that are witnessed or experienced. The adolescent girls and young adult women also described other forms of unwanted and invasive image-sharing and requests for images. Young adults held various perspectives on sexting during lockdown, with some describing sexting as unfulfilling and/or "risky" and others sharing experiences of using sexting to generate intimacy and, among some, engaging in unwanted sexting with partners. By considering both adolescent and young adult perspectives obtained through focus groups and interviews, the study highlighted how group-level norms and meanings surrounding the risks and rewards of sexting may be reproduced or reworked as individuals transition from adolescence to young adulthood. The study underscores the need to support adolescents and young adults in cultivating healthy digital sexual cultures and interpersonal relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Setty
- Department of Sociology, 11 AD 03, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK.
| | - Emma Dobson
- School of Education, University of Durham, Durham, UK
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13
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Kökönyei G, Kovács LN, Szabó J, Urbán R. Emotion Regulation Predicts Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents: A Prospective Study. J Youth Adolesc 2024; 53:142-158. [PMID: 37985558 PMCID: PMC10761508 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01894-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Emotion regulation as a proximal factor has been linked with depressive symptoms. However, studies have mainly focused on a limited number of strategies and have mostly been cross-sectional in design. This is particularly evident when examining the protective effects of adaptive strategies. This study aimed to investigate the prospective relationship between putatively adaptive and maladaptive emotion regulation strategies and depressive symptoms among adolescents. Additionally, a person-oriented approach was applied to identify latent classes of adolescents based on their depressive symptoms and compared these classes in terms of their adaptive and maladaptive strategies. Two waves of data from a prospective study, which included 1371 youth (mean age: 15.66 years; SD = 0.49 years; 55.1% girls), were analysed. The two points of data collection were spaced approximately half a year apart. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and putatively adaptive and maladaptive emotion regulation strategies were assessed with the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. Seven strategies (acceptance, positive refocusing, positive reappraisal, putting into perspective, self-blame, rumination, and catastrophizing) were categorised into adaptive and maladaptive factors using exploratory structural equation modeling. After controlling for gender, age, and depressive symptoms at Time 1, both maladaptive and adaptive emotion regulation strategies at Time 1 predicted depressive symptoms at Time 2. Three subgroups emerged based on the intensity of depressive symptoms across the waves: the stable low, stable moderate, and stable high depressive symptom groups. The use of maladaptive emotion regulation strategies (such as rumination, self-blame, and catastrophizing) at Time 1 was more pronounced in the stable moderate and high symptom groups compared to the stable low depressive symptom group. The comparable prospective associations between putatively adaptive and maladaptive strategies with symptoms suggest the need to identify factors that may mitigate the negative impact of maladaptive emotion regulation and/or promote adaptive emotion regulation to buffer the effects of everyday stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyöngyi Kökönyei
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
- NAP3.0-SE Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hungarian Brain Research Program, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Lilla Nóra Kovács
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Judit Szabó
- National Institute of Criminology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Róbert Urbán
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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14
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Kedzior SGE, Moore VM, Manning N, Oswald TK, Calabretto H, Lassi ZS, Rumbold AR. 'Like fumbling around in the dark': Young people's perceptions and realities of healthy relationships. CULTURE, HEALTH & SEXUALITY 2024; 26:93-107. [PMID: 37014229 DOI: 10.1080/13691058.2023.2189929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Learning to negotiate relationships is a key feature of adolescence, yet insight into young people's perspectives on what constitutes healthy relationships is lacking. In this study, therefore, insights were sought on healthy relationship qualities, common issues encountered, and relevant educational experiences. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with 18 young people (11 self-identified as female, 5 male, and 2 trans/gender-diverse) aged 14-20 years, residing in Adelaide, South Australia. Relationships with parents, siblings, peers and intimate partners were topics for discussion. Reflexive thematic analysis was utilised to generate codes and themes. The Five Cs of Positive Youth Development were used to aid understanding of findings. Young people's accounts suggested a disjuncture between desired relationship qualities, realities and education on relationships and sexual health. Young people articulated tensions navigating peer norms and societal expectations in relation to dating and sex, including unrealistic representations, gender stereotyping and strong 'sexpectations'. Participants in this study relied more heavily on personal experience and observation than formal education to develop an understanding of healthy relationships. Achieving healthy relationships was generally perceived to be complex and requiring skills or understanding informants were unsure about. Positive Youth Development could provide a framework for meeting the needs expressed by young people, notably by building communication skills, confidence and agency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie G E Kedzior
- Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Vivienne M Moore
- Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Fay Gale Centre for Research on Gender, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Nathan Manning
- Fay Gale Centre for Research on Gender, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- School of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology, Criminology and Gender Studies, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Tassia K Oswald
- Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | | | - Zohra S Lassi
- Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Alice R Rumbold
- Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Women and Kids Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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15
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Landa SU, González SN, Martínez AP, Leiva MG, Castro JLG. The Boomerang Effect of Suppression of Emotional Expression: Relationship Power, Affectivity and Adolescent and Youth Male-To-Female Dating Violence. J Youth Adolesc 2024; 53:36-52. [PMID: 37715863 PMCID: PMC10761457 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01854-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Scarce research has been performed on the role of power, affectivity, and suppression of emotional expression in the use of dating violence by adolescents and young men. This study aims to analyze a model of the associations between perceived power (control and dominance), affectivity (positive and negative affect), suppression of emotional expression and the frequency of use of male-to female dating violence. Participants in this cross-sectional and correlational study were 786 Spanish students aged between 13 and 25 years (M = 18.80; SD = 2.93) divided in two groups: 13-18 (316 adolescents, M = 15.58; SD = 1.02) and 18-25 (462 young men, M = 20.79; SD = 1.98) with 8 participants not stating their age. Different sequential mediation models confirmed that, only in young men, affectivity (negative and positive affect) and suppression of emotional expression mediate the relationship between power and the use of dating violence. Fostering equal relationships, associating them with positive emotional states, avoiding the frustration derived from low power perception, and providing young men with strategies for appropriately expressing their emotions may help decrease the use of dating violence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Ubillos Landa
- Faculty of Health Science, University of Burgos, C/Paseo de los Comendadores, Hospital Militar, 1, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Sandra Nieto González
- Faculty of Health Science, University of Burgos, C/Paseo de los Comendadores, Hospital Militar, 1, 09001, Burgos, Spain.
| | - Alicia Puente Martínez
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, P.° Francisco Tomás y Valiente, s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Marcela Gracia Leiva
- Health Education Foundation. Fundadeps, C. de la Costa Brava, 50, 28034, Madrid, Spain
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16
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McCurdy AL, Renley BM, Lavner JA, Meslay G, Watson RJ, Russell ST. Sexual minority youth in romantic relationships: Associations with youth well-being. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2023; 33:1368-1376. [PMID: 37715595 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated differences in depressive symptoms, loneliness, and self-esteem for monosexual (lesbian, gay) and plurisexual (bisexual, pansexual, queer) sexual minority youth (SMY) by relationship status (single, partnered) and relationship configuration (same-gender partner, different-gender partner). Participants included 338 SMY (Mage = 19.10 years) who reported on their relationship status, partner's gender identity, well-being, and ability to confide in partner about LGBTQ issues. Results indicated that for plurisexual youth, single status was associated with greater loneliness; plurisexual youth with same-gender partners reported fewer depressive symptoms and marginally greater ability to confide in their partner about LGBTQ issues than those with different-gender partners. Findings reveal similarities across SMY while also highlighting some unique challenges among plurisexual youth with different-gender partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L McCurdy
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Benton M Renley
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, The University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Justin A Lavner
- Department of Psychology, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Gaëlle Meslay
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
- Institut National d'Études Démographiques, Paris, France
| | - Ryan J Watson
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, The University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Stephen T Russell
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
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17
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Wesche R, Kreager DA, Ramirez NG, Gupta S. Dating and friendships in adolescence: Variation across same-sex and other-sex romantic partners. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2023; 33:1131-1142. [PMID: 37211755 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This research examined associations between dating and number of friends for rural adolescents with same-sex and other-sex dating partners using longitudinal sociometric data (N = 2826; 55% female, 87% White, mean age = 14 at baseline). In multilevel models assessing within-person change, boys gained female friends when they were in same-sex romantic relationships, compared to when they were single. In contrast, girls in same-sex relationships lost female friends and gained male friends. Adolescents in other-sex romantic relationships gained same-sex friends compared to when they were single. Results advance understanding of adolescent social and sexual development, suggesting that sexual minority adolescents find allies when dating but may struggle to maintain same-sex friendships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Wesche
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Derek A Kreager
- The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nayan G Ramirez
- California State University Northridge, Northridge, California, USA
| | - Shivangi Gupta
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
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18
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Wang S, Hou W, Wang Y, Tang Q, Tao Y, Liu X. The impact of romantic relationships on deception detection: Exploring the gender differences and the mediating role of mentalizing. Psych J 2023; 12:844-856. [PMID: 37905933 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
In evolution, romantic relationships serve as the foundation for breeding and producing offspring. The ability to detect deception in these relationships can safeguard the investment and cultivation of descendants, leading to greater chances of survival and reproduction. However, barely any research has been carried out within this domain. The current study investigated the preliminary relationship between romantic relationships, mentalizing ability, and deception detection ability through an empirical experiment. Participants were primed by their romantic experiences and neutral experiences, and then went through a Reading the Mind in the Eyes (RTM) task and the deception detecting task for real person crime-type videos. Results showed that romantic relationships can improve participants' emotion recognition ability toward negative emotions, and females performed better in the deception detection task than males did. Most importantly, romantic relationships can improve participants' deception detection ability through the mediator of mentalizing ability. Though gender difference was not statistically significant in the RTM task, the results lay a solid foundation for further investigation into females' mentalizing ability and disclose the evolutionary meaning of romantic relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujian Wang
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxin Hou
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yueyang Wang
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing, China
| | - Qihui Tang
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yanqiang Tao
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangping Liu
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing, China
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19
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Puigvert-Mallart L, León-Jiménez S, Joanpere M, Ramis-Salas M, Flecha R. The Mirage of Upward Mobility: Conceptualization and Implications for Teen Dating Violence Prevention. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1785. [PMID: 38002876 PMCID: PMC10670360 DOI: 10.3390/children10111785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol and drug abuse are recognized risk factors in scientific literature that can leave female adolescents vulnerable to experience teen dating violence (TDV) in their relationships. These risk factors are highlighted in prevention campaigns, empowering girls to proactively avoid or decline situations that may put them at risk of such violence. This study delves into an underexplored risk factor for TDV, the Mirage of Upward Mobility (MUM), and its connections to previously established elements: coercive discourse, peer pressure, and the pursuit of status. A total of 146 relevant studies on TDV, and factors related to it, have been reviewed. MUM is conceptualized as the erroneous belief that engaging in relationships with traditionally dominant and disrespectful partners increases social status and attractiveness, although in reality, what happens is that that status and that attractiveness decrease. The study discusses the existence and factors contributing to MUM and underscores its importance as a risk factor for experiencing TDV to include in prevention campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lídia Puigvert-Mallart
- Research and Department of Sociology, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Barcelona, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.-M.); (S.L.-J.); (M.J.); (M.R.-S.)
- Centre for Community, Gender and Social Justice, Institute of Criminology, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB3 9DA, UK
| | - Susana León-Jiménez
- Research and Department of Sociology, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Barcelona, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.-M.); (S.L.-J.); (M.J.); (M.R.-S.)
- Department of Education, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Cordoba, 14071 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Mar Joanpere
- Research and Department of Sociology, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Barcelona, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.-M.); (S.L.-J.); (M.J.); (M.R.-S.)
| | - Mimar Ramis-Salas
- Research and Department of Sociology, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Barcelona, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.-M.); (S.L.-J.); (M.J.); (M.R.-S.)
| | - Ramón Flecha
- Research and Department of Sociology, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Barcelona, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.-M.); (S.L.-J.); (M.J.); (M.R.-S.)
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20
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Mernitz S, Hsu J, Bishop MD. Timing to a first relationship among youth: Variability by sexual orientation development. JOURNAL OF SOCIAL AND PERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS 2023; 40:3703-3722. [PMID: 38737138 PMCID: PMC11086971 DOI: 10.1177/02654075231185763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Romantic relationships are developmentally salient across the transition to adulthood, yet the timing to a first relationship for sexual minority youth is largely unknown and is complicated by the developmental timing of sexual orientation development. We use the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health to predict the timing to a first relationship among heterosexual and sexual minority youth, defined as those with same-sex attraction and/or a sexual minority identity. We examine variability across subgroups of youth with a sexual minority status in adolescence only, in adulthood only, or in both developmental periods, and by gender. Participants with lesbian/gay sexual orientations emerging during adulthood delay a first relationship compared to their heterosexual peers. Those with bisexual orientations only in adulthood enter relationships earlier than their heterosexual peers, particularly women. Results suggest that patterns of dating relationship formations differ by distinct developmental contexts of sexual orientation development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mernitz
- Population Research Center, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jaime Hsu
- Population Research Center, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Meg D Bishop
- Department of Family Science, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD, USA
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21
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Ball B, Hoefer S, Ding X, Sevillano L, Faulkner M. Promoting Healthy Relationships in Foster Care-"If I Had Seen What a Healthy Relationship Looks Like, that Would Have Changed My Perspective". Violence Against Women 2023; 29:2824-2847. [PMID: 37674405 PMCID: PMC10557363 DOI: 10.1177/10778012231199106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
High levels of intimate partner violence among youth and young adults with history in foster care can perpetuate the cycle of violence and abuse. It is therefore important to understand how the experience of growing up in foster care impacts youths' understanding and formation of intimate relationships. This qualitative study centered the perspectives of young adults and investigated what they learned about relationships through interactions with foster caregivers and child welfare professionals. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 27 young adults and used Consensual Qualitative Research methods to identify critical experiences in foster care and formulate strategies for promoting healthy relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Ball
- Texas Institute for Child and Family Wellbeing, Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Sharon Hoefer
- Texas Institute for Child and Family Wellbeing, Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Xiao Ding
- Texas Institute for Child and Family Wellbeing, Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Lalaine Sevillano
- Texas Institute for Child and Family Wellbeing, Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Monica Faulkner
- Texas Institute for Child and Family Wellbeing, Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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22
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Temple JR, Baumler E, Wood L, Franco KS, Peskin M, Shumate C. Cumulative Incidence of Physical and Sexual Dating Violence: Insights From A Long-term Longitudinal Study. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2023; 39:8862605231200218. [PMID: 37728016 PMCID: PMC10775637 DOI: 10.1177/08862605231200218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Decades of inquiry on intimate partner violence show consistent results: violence is woefully common and psychologically and economically costly. Policy to prevent and effectively intervene upon such violence hinges upon comprehensive understanding of this phenomenon at a population level. The current study prospectively estimates the cumulative incidence of sexual and physical dating violence (DV) victimization/perpetration over a 12-year timeframe (2010-2021) using diverse participants assessed annually from age 15 to 26. Data are from Waves 1-13 of an ongoing longitudinal study. Since 2010 (except for 2018 and 2019), participants were assessed on past-year physical and sexual DV victimization and perpetration. Participants (n = 1,042; 56% female; Mage baseline = 15) were originally recruited from seven public high schools in southeast Texas. The sample consisted of Black/African American (30%), White (31%), Hispanic (31%), and Mixed/Other (8%) participants. Across 12 years of data collection, 27.3% experienced sexual DV victimization and 46.1% had experienced physical DV victimization by age 26. Further, 14.8% had perpetrated at least one act of sexual DV and 39.0% had perpetrated at least one act of physical DV against a partner by this age. A 12-year cumulative assessment of physical and sexual DV rendered prevalence estimates of both victimization and perpetration that exceeded commonly and consistently reported rates in the field, especially on studies that relied on lifetime or one-time specified retrospective reporting periods. These data suggest community youth are at continued and sustained risk for DV onset across the transition into emerging adulthood, necessitating early adolescent prevention and intervention efforts that endure through late adolescence, emerging adulthood, and beyond. From a research perspective, our findings point to the need for assessing DV on a repeated basis over multiple timepoints to better guage the full extent of this continued public health crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Melissa Peskin
- The University of Texas School of Public Health at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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23
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de Wit W, Roeg D, Embregts PJCM. Using Concept Mapping to Explore the Perspectives of People with Mild to Borderline Intellectual DisabilitiesToward Sexual Health. SEXUALITY AND DISABILITY 2023; 41:1-15. [PMID: 37362799 PMCID: PMC10169136 DOI: 10.1007/s11195-023-09796-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
People with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities face many barriers toward their sexual health. To promote sexual health and overcome these barriers, they need individualized forms of sexuality support and education. To align sexuality support and education insight is needed on their understanding of sexual health. The current paper aims to provide greater insight in what sexual health consists of according to people with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities. Nine people with a mild to borderline intellectual disability participated in a concept mapping procedure, consisting of brainstorming, sorting, and ranking the statements. The resulting clusters and concept map were interpreted by an expert group. Analysis resulted in five clusters which participants considered important for their sexual health. According to people with mild to borderline intellectual disability cluster pertaining to romantic relationships and sexual socialization were the most important. These were followed by clusters on sexual health and lastly sexual selfhood. These results have implications for the development of sexuality support and education, as well as further research. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11195-023-09796-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter de Wit
- Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Postbus 90153, 5000 LE Tilburg, The Netherlands
- Zuidwester, Middelharnis, The Netherlands
| | - Diana Roeg
- Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Postbus 90153, 5000 LE Tilburg, The Netherlands
- Kwintes Supported Housing, Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - Petri J. C. M. Embregts
- Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Postbus 90153, 5000 LE Tilburg, The Netherlands
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24
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Tienda M, Villalta SI, Goldberg RE, Koffman D. Adolescents' Love Lives: Heterogeneity in Relationship Status Trajectories and Links with Affect. J Youth Adolesc 2023; 52:1325-1339. [PMID: 37145238 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01783-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Romantic experiences are more fluid and heterogeneous during middle adolescence than at any other life stage, but current understanding of this heterogeneity and flux is limited because of imprecise measurement. A sample of 531 adolescents (55% female; 28% non-Hispanic White; 32% Black; 27% Hispanic; 14% Other) recruited from an ongoing birth cohort study (Mean age = 16.7 years, SD = 0.358), was administered bi-weekly diaries over 52 weeks to prospectively record transitions in and out of romantic and sexual relationships and to assess links with positive affect (frequency of happiness) and negative affect (frequency of sadness). Relationship statuses considered included not only dating, but also liminal and asymmetrical statuses such as talking/flirting and crushes. Latent profile analyses revealed six relationship status trajectories, or love life profiles, based on the number of intra-year partners and on the extent of involvement in each of the relationship statuses. Approximately half of teens either were in stable dating relationships or uninvolved romantically during the year; however, half experienced variable levels of flux in their love lives. Relationship instability, not romantic involvement per se, was associated with higher levels of sadness and lower levels of happiness. Snapshots of teen romantic involvement based on one or two points in time obscure the extent of relationship heterogeneity and flux and how relationship status trajectories are associated with positive and negative affect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Tienda
- Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA.
| | | | | | - Dawn Koffman
- Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
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25
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Hooper LM, Lee SY, Tomek S, Jaggers JW, Kim G, Church WT. Attachment to Peers and School: Longitudinal Moderators of the Relation Between Caregiver Psychological Distress and Adolescent Hopelessness. J Youth Adolesc 2023; 52:931-949. [PMID: 33449286 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-020-01375-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Research has yet to determine how relationships outside of the family system may buffer negative outcomes associated with hopelessness among racial minority youth. In a sample of Black American youth (N = 512; 49% females) and their parents or caregivers, this study used longitudinal growth models to explore whether youth relationships (attachment to peers and attachment to school) moderated the association between caregiver distress (depressive symptoms and traumatic stress), and youth hopelessness. Adolescents' gender was examined to determine if there were gender differences present in these associations. Four linear growth models showed a significant change in levels of hopelessness over time for youth and a significant positive relation between caregiver distress and youth level of hopelessness. Attachment to peers and attachment to school did not equally moderate the relation between caregiver psychological distress and youth hopelessness. The type of caregiver distress had a differential effect on youth hopelessness in the context of the moderation models and based on gender. The type of caregiver distress had a differential effect on youth hopelessness in the context of the moderation models and based on gender. Implications for the importance of non-familial attachments among Black American youth with distressed parents are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Grace Kim
- University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
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26
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Hawkins SE, DeLuca HK, Claxton SE, Baker EA. Sexual Behaviors, Satisfaction, and Intentions to Engage in Casual Sexual Relationships and Experiences in Emerging Adulthood. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2023; 52:1575-1591. [PMID: 36542273 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-022-02508-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined the role of sexual behavior and sexual satisfaction in casual sexual relationships and experiences (CSREs) on both immediate and long-term intentions to engage in further CSREs in a sample of emerging adults. We examined how four different operationalizations of sexual behavior (1) Penetrative sexual behaviors not including oral sex vs. non-penetrative sexual behaviors, (2) Penetrative sexual behaviors including oral sex vs. non-penetrative sexual behaviors, (3) Most sexually intimate behaviors, and (4) A sum score of sexual behaviors) and sexual satisfaction were associated with immediate intentions to engage in CSREs (measured during a five-day daily diary) and long-term intentions to engage in CSREs (measured one month later). Follow-up analyses examined intentions to engage in additional CSREs with a different partner. Our sample (N = 274) included both college-attending and non-college-attending emerging adults. Path analysis models indicated that more sexually intimate behaviors were associated with higher sexual satisfaction following a CSRE. Additionally, sexual satisfaction, but not type of sexual behavior, was associated with both immediate and long-term intentions to engage in CSREs above and beyond the effects of sample, gender, alcohol consumption, and previous CSREs. Follow-up analyses indicated that only alcohol consumption and gender were significantly associated with immediate intentions to engage in a CSRE, and only daily diary intentions and gender were significantly associated with long-term intentions to engage in a CSRE. Overall, these findings support previous research that suggests positive outcomes of a CSRE (sexual satisfaction) are associated with higher intentions to engage in future CSREs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie E Hawkins
- Department of Psychology, California State University San Marcos, 333 S. Twin Oaks Valley Rd, San Marcos, CA, 92026, USA.
| | - Haylee K DeLuca
- Department of Psychology, California State University San Marcos, 333 S. Twin Oaks Valley Rd, San Marcos, CA, 92026, USA
| | - Shannon E Claxton
- Department of Psychology, Morningside University, 1501 Morningside Ave, Sioux City, Iowa, 51106, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Baker
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada
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Richard ME, Gerhardt E, Pollak KM, Duan TY, Knutson JM, Dmytro D, Cameron CA. Gender Norms and Culture in Asian-Canadian Adolescent Boys’ Anticipating Dating Relationships. JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/07435584231166296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Adolescent romantic experiences can have profound developmental significance and may be predictive of future romantic relationships. Despite such potential significance, little is known about the challenges that confront teenage boys when navigating dating relationships. The present study sought to understand how masculine gender norms influence boys’ attitudes and behaviors and the influence of cultural expectations as they anticipate prospective dating relationships. Focus-group discussions were held with adolescent boys ( N = 23), ranging in age from 14 to 18 years, from a multicultural Canadian city. Grounded Theory methodology was used to analyze discussion responses. The Central Category of the grounded theory was Anticipating Getting Experience in Dating, while communicating and benefiting from relationships were subcategories. Masculine Gender Norms arose as the major Contextual Category. The findings demonstrate how these boys attempted to maintain a socially approved masculine status while coincidingly struggling with confidence and the demands of this status. Contextual factors involving peer expectations, social/digital media culture, multicultural context and parents’ expectations additionally contribute to their navigational struggles. Implications for boys’ relational development, in light of masculine gender norms, are addressed. Interventions are suggested to support boys in their development of confidence in romantic communications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tz-yu Duan
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - Dana Dmytro
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Catherine Ann Cameron
- University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, Canada
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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28
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Klencakova LE, Pentaraki M, McManus C. The Impact of Intimate Partner Violence on Young Women's Educational Well-Being: A Systematic Review of Literature. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2023; 24:1172-1187. [PMID: 34894875 PMCID: PMC10009478 DOI: 10.1177/15248380211052244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Research highlights that romantic relationships of young people are not all 'puppy love' but can be also abusive. Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a gendered phenomenon as it primarily affects women who are at a higher risk of more severe forms of violence and also suffer more severe consequences than young men. IPV leads to substantial negative outcomes such as mental health decline, economic insecurity and/or academic underachievement. Particularly for young females, education is a powerful protective factor against re-victimisation and economic dependence which often forces women to remain trapped in abusive relationships. This review was conducted to integrate and summarise research available on IPV and its impact on young women's educational well-being to fill a significant gap in the literature. Under the guidance of PRISMA, terms related to the criteria of young women aged 10-24, IPV and education were searched in the databases EBSCO, PsycINFO, Scopus, ProQuest and CINAHL. While the initial search yielded 6005 articles, we were left with only 10 articles for the analysis. In summary, the evidence suggests that females tend to display issues around concentration, absenteeism and academic disengagement, as well as decline in performance such as failing grades and higher drop out rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia E. Klencakova
- School of Social Sciences,
Education and Social Work, Queen’s
University, Belfast, United Kindgom
- Lucia E. Klencakova, School of Social
Sciences, Education and Social Work, Queen’s University, 2 College Park East,
Room 01.008, Belfast, BT71LQ, United Kingdom.
| | - Maria Pentaraki
- School of Social Sciences,
Education and Social Work, Queen’s
University, Belfast, United Kindgom
| | - Cathal McManus
- School of Social Sciences,
Education and Social Work, Queen’s
University, Belfast, United Kindgom
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Langevin R, Kern A, Fernet M, Brassard A. Emerging Adults' Adverse Life Events and Psychological Functioning: A Comparison Based on Intergenerational Trajectories of Child Maltreatment. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2023; 38:5774-5804. [PMID: 36213948 PMCID: PMC9969488 DOI: 10.1177/08862605221127214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Intergenerational continuity of child maltreatment (CM) is a well-documented phenomenon of concern; however, its effects on the child's level of exposure to CM, as well as subsequent trauma exposure and adult functioning remain undocumented. The present study aimed to further explore the intergenerational effects of CM by comparing emerging adults (EA; ages 18-25) on their exposure to CM, adult victimization, and psychological functioning according to their mother's CM histories. One hundred and eighty-five mothers and their EA completed independently an online survey measuring sociodemographics, material deprivation, CM, adult victimization, and psychological functioning. The participating dyads (primarily White and female-identifying) were recruited online through social media, universities, and advertisements in non-profit organizations throughout Canada. Findings revealed that maternal histories of CM were associated with increased neglectful and physically abusive acts endured in childhood for maltreated EA. Maternal histories of CM, regardless of the EA' victimization status, were associated with a higher EA' number of adulthood interpersonal-but not non-interpersonal-traumas experienced. While a maternal history of CM was a risk factor for intimate partner violence (IPV) in maltreated EA, it was protective for non-maltreated EA. Maltreated EA with maltreated versus non-maltreated mothers presented more psychological difficulties, but only if they also reported material deprivation. Practitioners working with children at-risk or exposed to CM should document parents' histories of CM and take that into account in their assessments and intervention practices. This study also provides further evidence to support social policies targeting the family system as a whole.
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A systematic literature review of the longitudinal risk factors associated with juvenile cyber-deviance. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2022.107613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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31
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Dekker LP, van der Vegt EJM, Louwerse A, Visser K, van der Ende J, Maras A, Verhulst FC, Greaves-Lord K. Complementing or Congruent? Desired Characteristics in a Friend and Romantic Partner in Autistic versus Typically Developing Male Adolescents. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2023; 52:1153-1167. [PMID: 36241943 PMCID: PMC10102130 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-022-02444-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Ideal friend and romantic partner characteristics related to self-perceived characteristics have been investigated in typically developing (TD) individuals, but not in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Considering the autistic symptoms and challenges, investigating these concepts in autistic individuals is relevant. Given the lack of consensus, identity-first ("autistic person") and person-first ("person with autism") language are mixed throughout, to cover all preferences. This study explored (1) the association between self-perceived characteristics and desires in a friend/romantic partner, as well as (2) compare two groups (ASD and TD) in their desires for a friend/romantic partner. Two matched groups (ASD and TD) of 38 male adolescents (age 14-19 years) reported on the desire for nine characteristics (i.e., funny, popular, nice, cool, smart, trustworthy, good looking, similar interests, and being rich) in a friend/partner, and to what extent they felt they themselves possessed seven characteristics (i.e., funny, popular, nice, cool, smart, trustworthy, and good looking). Results showed both groups sought a friend and partner similar to themselves on intrinsic characteristics (e.g., trustworthiness), but less similar on extrinsic and social status characteristics (e.g., being less cool and popular). Particularly intrinsic characteristics, more than extrinsic and social status characteristics, were valued in both partners and friends, regardless of group. No significant differences were found between groups concerning to what extent characteristics were desired. Overall, adolescents with ASD desire similar characteristics as TD adolescents in their potential romantic partners and friends. There is some indication that the match between self-perception and desired characteristics is different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda P Dekker
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Burg. Oudlaan 50, Room T13-24, 3000 DR, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University MC/Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Yulius, Organization for Mental Health, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | | | - Anneke Louwerse
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University MC/Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Yulius, Organization for Mental Health, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kirsten Visser
- Yulius, Organization for Mental Health, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Youz Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Team Sarr Autism Expertise Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan van der Ende
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University MC/Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Athanasios Maras
- Yulius, Organization for Mental Health, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank C Verhulst
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University MC/Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kirstin Greaves-Lord
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University MC/Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Yulius, Organization for Mental Health, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Autism Team Northern-Netherlands of Jonx, Department of (Youth) Mental Health and Autism, Lentis Psychiatric Institute, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Lesinskienė S, Istomina N, Stonkutė G, Krotova J, Šambaras R, Austys D. First and Later Dating Experiences and Dating Violence among High School Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4870. [PMID: 36981779 PMCID: PMC10048862 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated early dating experiences by exploring the complex aspects of first-time and later romantic involvement as well as the surrounding circumstances. In total, 377 young people (with the median age being 17 years) were investigated in six high schools in two cities in Lithuania using a questionnaire designed for research purposes by the authors. The results from this study in Lithuania contribute to the field by showing current data on the cultural and psychosocial aspects of dating experiences in high schools. This investigation into first-time and later dating creates an appropriate window to explore and investigate the attitudes, dating habits, and experiences of late adolescents, comprising negative experiences and sexual harassment, which could be used to build preventative programmes. The obtained results provide various data that are useful for trying to better understand the current habits and experiences of young people, for public health specialists, educators, and doctors and also provide an opportunity for monitoring trends, dynamic changes over time, and cross-cultural comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigita Lesinskienė
- Clinic of Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 01513 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Natalja Istomina
- Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 01513 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Greta Stonkutė
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 01513 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | - Rokas Šambaras
- Clinic of Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 01513 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Donatas Austys
- Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 01513 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Couture S, Vaillancourt-Morel MP, Hébert M, Fernet M. Associations between Conflict Negotiation Strategies, Sexual Comfort, and Sexual Satisfaction in Adolescent Romantic Relationships. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2023; 60:305-314. [PMID: 35230217 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2022.2043230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Achieving healthy and satisfying sexual relationships is a major developmental task in adolescence, but factors promoting sexual satisfaction among adolescent romantic relationships remain underexplored. Since sexuality is shaped by relational experiences, strategies mobilized to negotiate conflicts in romantic relationships could be related to sexual satisfaction through comfort in negotiating sexual experiences. Sexual comfort refers to the ease of discussing sexuality, and feeling comfortable with one's own sexual life and with others' sexual behaviors. This cross-sectional dyadic study examined the mediating role of sexual comfort in the associations between perceived conflict negotiation strategies and sexual satisfaction among adolescent romantic dyads. The actor-partner interdependence model guided the analyses of self-reported questionnaires from 104 mixed- and same-sex dyads (Mage = 18.99 years, SD = 1.51). An adolescent's higher compromise and lower submission were related to their own higher sexual satisfaction via their own higher sexual comfort. The results also revealed a direct association between an adolescent's higher domination and their own lower sexual satisfaction. These findings underscore the importance of considering conflict negotiation strategies and sexual comfort as key factors related to adolescents' sexual satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mylène Fernet
- Department of Sexology, Université du Québec À Montréal
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34
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Quiroz SI, Ha T, Rogers AA, Sasser J. Associations Between Adolescents' Antisocial Behavior, Conflict Management Styles, and Romantic Relationship Breakup: An Observational Study. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2023; 33:216-229. [PMID: 36103289 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Adolescents' antisocial behavior and negative conflict management styles are each associated with adverse romantic relationship outcomes, yet little research exists on their associations. We investigated whether adolescents' antisocial behavior was associated with conflict management styles, and whether it predicted breakup 3 months later. In total, 91 adolescent couples (Mage = 16.43, SD = 0.99; 41.2% Hispanic/Latinx) participated in videotaped conflict discussions coded for negotiation, coercion, and avoidance. Actor-partner interdependence models suggest adolescents' antisocial behavior is associated with decreased use of negotiation (couple pattern) and increased use of coercion (actor pattern). No significant associations were found for avoidance. Neither antisocial behavior nor conflict management styles predicted breakup. Findings are discussed in light of the unique developmental importance of adolescents' romantic relationships.
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35
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Villalta SI, Goldberg RE, Tienda M. Adolescent Partnership Quality and Emotional Health: Insights from an Intensive Longitudinal Study. SOCIAL FORCES; A SCIENTIFIC MEDIUM OF SOCIAL STUDY AND INTERPRETATION 2023; 101:1422-1459. [PMID: 38694255 PMCID: PMC11062329 DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Prior research has documented an association between adolescents' romantic experiences and poor emotional health. However, lack of intensive longitudinal measurement and an emphasis on negative affect have limited understanding about the extent to which adolescent relationship quality influences the emotional health of adolescents in partnerships, including the potential benefits of high-quality partnerships. Previous research has also been limited in its ability to account for factors that select adolescents into lower or higher quality partnerships. Using biweekly intensive longitudinal data from the mDiary Study of Adolescent Relationships linked to six waves of birth cohort data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, this paper uses multilevel mixed-effects models to address three questions: (1) How are changes in partnership quality (defined as validation, frequency of disagreements, and global quality) associated with changes in both positive and negative affect; (2) Do observed associations persist net of factors that potentially select adolescents into lower or higher quality partnerships (e.g., childhood family experiences); and (3) Do associations between partnership quality and affect differ by gender? Results show that higher quality partnerships are associated with both decreases in negative affect and increases in positive affect. There were no significant gender differences on average. The study's findings highlight the importance of partnership quality as a key source of temporal variation in adolescents' emotional states.
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36
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Roberts SR, Hay P, Bussey K, Trompeter N, Lonergan A, Mitchison D. Associations among relationship status, gender, and sexual attraction in Australian adolescents' eating pathology. Int J Eat Disord 2023; 56:551-561. [PMID: 36420932 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Engaging in romantic relationships in adolescence may inadvertently increase participation in appearance culture and the risk for eating pathology. Little research has considered this effect, particularly as it relates to adolescents' gender identity and sexual attraction. Therefore, this study examined the associations among relationship status, gender, and sexual attraction in adolescents' eating pathology. METHODS Data from the first wave of the EveryBODY study, a large sample of Australian adolescents aged 11-19 years (n = 3262, Mage = 15.00, 53.80% girls), were used. Participants reported their relationship status and eating pathology (fasting, purging, binge eating, driven exercise, steroid use, and shape/weight concerns) using an online survey. RESULTS Logistic regressions adjusting for age and BMI percentile revealed that romantic relationships were associated with higher adjusted odds (AORs) for reporting clinical frequency/severity threshold of fasting, purging, steroid use, and shape and weight concerns (AORs: 1.34-3.68). Relative to boys, girls had higher adjusted odds of reporting clinical frequency/severity threshold of all eating disorder features (AORs: 1.47-7.40), except for steroid use for muscle gain. Adolescents who reported same-sex attraction, were unsure of their sexual attraction, or did not endorse any sexual attraction had greater adjusted odds of reporting clinical frequency/severity threshold of fasting, purging, and shape and weight concerns (AORs: 1.35-1.83) than those with only other-sex sexual attraction. Interactions among relationship status, gender, and sexual attraction were nonsignificant. CONCLUSIONS Romantic experience emerged as a novel correlate for adolescents' eating pathology. Future research should uncover the contextual factors within relationships that may contribute to this association. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE The initiation of romantic relationships is normative during adolescence. However, adolescents' romantic desirability is often determined by their physical appearance, increasing the risk for eating pathology. Among a large sample of Australian adolescents, romantic involvement was associated with greater likelihood of clinical threshold eating pathology for adolescent boys and girls, regardless of sexual attraction. It is urgent to identify the factors within romantic relationships that are associated with eating pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savannah R Roberts
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Phillipa Hay
- Eating and Body Image Group, Translational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Australia
| | - Kay Bussey
- Centre for Emotional Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nora Trompeter
- Centre for Emotional Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Alexandra Lonergan
- Centre for Emotional Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Deborah Mitchison
- Centre for Emotional Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.,Translational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Australia
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Kozakiewicz A, Izdebski Z, Białorudzki M, Mazur J. Pandemic-Related Stress and Other Emotional Difficulties in a Sample of Men and Women Living in Romantic Relationships during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2988. [PMID: 36833681 PMCID: PMC9957324 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the extent to which relationship quality affects variability in perceived stress and other emotional difficulties associated with the pandemic. The study was conducted 2-17 March 2022 using a self-administered online survey. The sample size consisted of 1405 individuals who were in a romantic relationship. The scales used in the study included the PSS-4, ECR-RS, SLS-12 and the standardized Pandemic-ED scale (RMSEA = 0.032). Increased stress levels (U = -5.741), pandemic-related emotional difficulties (U = -8.720), worse romantic relationship quality (U = -2.564) and more frequent anxiety-related attachment (U = -3.371) were characteristic of women. A hierarchical regression model for stress showed that age (b = -0.143), financial situation (b = 0.024), the ECR-RS scores (b = 0.219) and pandemic-related emotional difficulties (b = 0.358) proved to be statistically significant predictors of stress. The hierarchical regression model for pandemic-related emotional difficulties indicated five predictors: gender (b = 0.166), education (b = 0.071), financial situation (b = 0.203), scores on the ECR-RS scale (b = 0.048) and stress (b = 0.367). The SEM model used has satisfactory fit indices (RMSEA = 0.051), romantic relationship quality scores and attachment styles interact with the variability of perceived pandemic-related stress and burdens. The determined model offers conclusions relevant to clinicians working with individuals and couples during periods of intense stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Kozakiewicz
- Department of Humanization of Health Care and Sexology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Góra, 65-046 Zielona Gora, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Izdebski
- Department of Humanization of Health Care and Sexology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Góra, 65-046 Zielona Gora, Poland
- Department of Biomedical Aspects of Development and Sexology, Faculty of Education, Warsaw University, 00-561 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Białorudzki
- Department of Humanization of Health Care and Sexology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Góra, 65-046 Zielona Gora, Poland
| | - Joanna Mazur
- Department of Humanization of Health Care and Sexology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Góra, 65-046 Zielona Gora, Poland
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Darling N, Burns IRD. How does cross-sectional sampling bias our understanding of adolescent romantic relationships?: An agent-based simulation. J Adolesc 2023; 95:296-310. [PMID: 36345077 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adolescent romantic relationships are developmentally significant, but relatively brief and often disrupted by changes in context. Large individual differences and age-related change make sampling complex. Most adolescents have multiple romantic relationships. Which should we sample? To better understand the issues involved, this study used a simulation - an agent-based computational model - to generate model worlds, each following the relationships formed and dissolved over 5 years. Cross-sectional sample estimates of the number, duration, and type of relationships were compared to population parameters of all relationships formed within the 5 years. Computational models can provide useful insight into sampling bias because (1) the processes producing the results are explicit, (2) results can be replicated to reduce sample idiosyncrasies, and (3) sample statistics can be compared to known population parameters. METHODS 1000 iterations were run of an agent-based model following 1000 individuals interacting for 60 "months." The model included three types of individuals differing in relationship duration. Two sets of 1000 cross-sectional samples were drawn from the 60,000 cross-sectional "months." Sample statistics were compared to the population parameters. RESULTS Cross-sectional samples systematically over-represented longer relationships. The ability to detect individual differences in the duration and number of partners varied with time. These results suggest that cross-sectional survey and observational studies may be time sensitive and systematically distort our understanding of adolescent romantic relationships by oversampling longer-term relationships. Results also illustrate how computational models can provide insight into complex phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Darling
- Department of Psychology, Oberlin College, Oberlin, Ohio, USA
| | - Ian R D Burns
- Department of Psychology, Oberlin College, Oberlin, Ohio, USA
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39
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Malone MA, Gower AL, Reiter PL, Kiss DE, McRee AL. "What does it matter?" Young sexual minority men discuss their conversations with sexual partners about HPV vaccination. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023; 71:489-495. [PMID: 33830878 PMCID: PMC9404533 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1895806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Human papillomavirus vaccination coverage is suboptimal, especially among males. Social networks influence young adults' health behaviors and could be leveraged to promote vaccination. We sought to describe how young sexual minority men communicate about human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination with their sexual partners. Participants: National (U.S.) sample of sexual minority men ages 18-26 (n = 42) from January 2019. Methods: We conducted four online focus groups and identified salient themes using inductive content analysis. Results: Across groups, participants described that HPV vaccination is not a focus of their conversations with sexual partners. Other key themes related to HPV vaccine communication included: varying discissions based on relationship type, and valuing conversations with partners about safer sex. Conclusions: Findings provide novel insight into how young sexual minority men communicate with their sexual partners about HPV vaccination and identify potential areas for interventions to promote communication. Future research is needed to investigate associations between partner communication and HPV vaccine uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly A. Malone
- Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Amy L. Gower
- Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Paul L. Reiter
- Division of Health Behavior and Health Promotion, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Dale E. Kiss
- Division of Health Behavior and Health Promotion, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Annie-Laurie McRee
- Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Khani P, Ansari Dezfouli M, Nasri F, Rahemi M, Ahmadloo S, Afkhami H, Saeidi F, Tereshchenko S, Bigdeli MR, Modarressi MH. Genetic and epigenetic effects on couple adjustment in context of romantic relationship: A scoping systematic review. Front Genet 2023; 14:1002048. [PMID: 36816018 PMCID: PMC9937082 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1002048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Couples' relationships defined by a complex interaction between the two partners and their intrapersonal traits. Romantic; relationships and love are associated with marital satisfaction and stability, as well as couples' happiness and health. Personality traits influence romantic relationships and, personality influenced by genetical and non-genetically factors. The roles of non-genetically factors such as socioeconomic position and external appearance have revealed in determining the quality of romantic relationships. Methods: We; performed a scoping systematic review to assess the association between genetics and epigenetic factors and romantic relationship. Relevant articles were identified by PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, and the APA PsycInfo searching between inception and 4 June 2022. Results: Different studies evaluated the associated polymorphisms in 15 different genes or chromosomal regions. In the first step; we classified them into four groups: (1) Oxytocin-related signaling pathway (OXTR, CD38, and AVPR1A); (2) Serotonin-related signaling pathway (SLC6A4, HTR1A, and HTR2A); (3) Dopamine and catecholamine-related signaling pathway (DRD1, DRD2, DRD4, ANKK1, and COMT); and (4) other genes (HLA, GABRA2, OPRM1, and Y-DNA haplogroup D-M55). Then, we evaluated and extracted significant polymorphisms that affect couple adjustment and romantic relationships. Discussion: Overall, the findings suggest that genetic and epigenetics variants play a key role in marital adjustment and romantic relationships over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouria Khani
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Ansari Dezfouli
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Nasri
- Immunology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Rahemi
- Department of stem cell technology and tissue regeneration, Faculty of Science, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Salma Ahmadloo
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran,Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Afkhami
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzane Saeidi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sergey Tereshchenko
- Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Krasnoyarsk, Russia,*Correspondence: Sergey Tereshchenko, ; Mohammad Reza Bigdeli, ; Mohammad Hossein Modarressi,
| | - Mohammad Reza Bigdeli
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran,Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran,*Correspondence: Sergey Tereshchenko, ; Mohammad Reza Bigdeli, ; Mohammad Hossein Modarressi,
| | - Mohammad Hossein Modarressi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran,*Correspondence: Sergey Tereshchenko, ; Mohammad Reza Bigdeli, ; Mohammad Hossein Modarressi,
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De Lise F, Bacaro V, Crocetti E. The Social Side of Sleep: A Systematic Review of the Longitudinal Associations between Peer Relationships and Sleep Quality. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20032017. [PMID: 36767384 PMCID: PMC9916135 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In adolescence, peer relationships become crucial since youths start to rely on their peers for support. Thus, multiple facets of adolescents' well-being are affected by their peer relationships. In this vein, one of the central well-being aspects that could be affected by the peer relationships of adolescents is sleep quality. Nevertheless, it is still unclear how multiple peer relationship factors (i.e., positive, negative, emotional, and behavioral issues related to peer relationships) are intertwined with adolescents' sleep quality. For this reason, this systematic review with meta-analysis aims to summarize longitudinal studies to uncover how the interplay between peer relationship factors and adolescents' sleep quality unfolds over time. Nineteen longitudinal studies involving a total of 21,232 adolescents were included. Overall, findings from this review showed that (a) positive peer relationships and sleep quality were not associated over time; (b) negative peer relationships and sleep quality were bidirectionally associated over time; (c) few studies evaluated the bidirectional relations between emotional and behavioral issues and sleep quality, showing links with sleep schedule and duration, but not with sleep quality. Meta-analytic results were discussed, considering their implications.
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Lorber MF, Mitnick DM, Tiberio SS, Heyman RE, Slep AMS, Trindade S, Damewood GN, Bruzzese JM. Demand-avoid-withdraw processes in adolescent dating aggression. Aggress Behav 2023; 49:274-287. [PMID: 36645870 DOI: 10.1002/ab.22070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We conducted an observational study of a collection of interactive processes known as "demand-withdraw" in relation to adolescent dating aggression. Couples (N = 209) aged 14-18 years participated in a challenging observational laboratory assessment to measure demands (i.e., pressures for a change), as well as demand → partner withdraw and demand → partner avoid sequences. Actor and partner effects were disentangled via dyadic data analyses. The results indicated a fairly consistent pattern in which demand → withdraw and demand → avoid sequences led by either partner were positively associated with both partners' physical and psychological aggression (measured via a dual informant questionnaire method). Further, higher quality demands (i.e., pressures for change that were specific and encouraged both members of the dyad to increase a given behavior) were inversely associated with aggression. Yet, all of the above associations were attenuated to the point of statistical nonsignificance after controlling for hostility. These results suggest two primary possibilities. The associations of demand → withdraw and demand → avoid sequences with dating aggression may be spurious, with the sequences merely markers for hostility, a known correlate of dating aggression. Alternatively, hostility may mediate the relations of demand → withdraw and demand → avoid sequences with dating aggression. Further research is required to test these competing explanations. Implications for preventive intervention are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael F Lorber
- Family Translational Research Group, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Danielle M Mitnick
- Family Translational Research Group, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Richard E Heyman
- Family Translational Research Group, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Amy M S Slep
- Family Translational Research Group, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Samara Trindade
- Family Translational Research Group, New York University, New York, New York, USA
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43
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Hello Darkness, My Old Friend: Moderating a Random Intercept Cross-lagged Panel Model of Loneliness and Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2023; 51:383-397. [PMID: 36422732 PMCID: PMC9908696 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-022-00995-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the trait- and state-like associations between loneliness and symptoms of anxiety and depression during three years in middle to late adolescence. The moderating effect of gender and social self-efficacy was examined on the hypothesised model. The sample consisted of 1508 Norwegian upper secondary school students (61% female; mean age at T1 = 16.33; 52.9% high socioeconomic position; 70.6% Norwegian-born). We found 1) strong and positive trait- and state-like associations between loneliness and symptoms of anxiety and depression, 2) that anxiety and depressive symptoms consistently predicted later loneliness but not the other way around, 3) that gender moderated parts of the state-like associations between loneliness and symptoms of anxiety and depression, and 4) that social self-efficacy had no moderating effect on the longitudinal relationship between loneliness and anxiety and depressive symptoms. The present study might inform future research, theory development, and intervention strategies in middle to late adolescent samples.
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İSMEN GAZİOGLU E, SERTELİN MERCAN Ç, DEMİR İ. Romantic Relationship Education: A Literature Review with Recommendations for Turkiye. PSIKIYATRIDE GUNCEL YAKLASIMLAR - CURRENT APPROACHES IN PSYCHIATRY 2022. [DOI: 10.18863/pgy.1069117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Intimate relationships are the focal aspiration for human beings. Romantic relationship education is described as a road map for helping people to find strategies and solutions that fit their context, values and relationship goals. By using evidence-based skills training, people can learn techniques to navigate typical relationship challenges and safely express emotions. Being in a mutually satisfying committed relationship has proven to be associated with many positive outcomes including life satisfaction, physical well-being, better coping with major illness, as well as longer life expectancy and career achievement. Relationship education programs are developed by psychologists in Western countries as a preventive intervention for couples, adolescents and emerging adults before relationships reach crisis stage. There is, however, a lack of empirical studies to examine the effectiveness of relationship education within the Turkish cultural context. The overarching aim of this study is to review the relationship education programs within Turkish and international literature. This study provides an overview of the relationship education, and its scope, and theoretical foundations and also effectiveness of relationship education programs for couples, adolescents and emerging adults. The study further provides cultural, theoretical and practical recommendations for future directions in Turkish relationship education programs.
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Bradford K, Miller JA, Higginbotham B. Good Love, Bad Love? A Latent Class Analysis of Adolescent Romantic Relationship Cognitions. JOURNAL OF COUPLE & RELATIONSHIP THERAPY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15332691.2022.2149651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kay Bradford
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Jacqueline A. Miller
- Geospatial and Population Studies, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Brian Higginbotham
- Geospatial and Population Studies, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
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Stephenson M, Aliev F, Kuo SIC, Edwards AC, Pandey G, Su J, Kamarajan C, Dick D, Salvatore JE. The role of adolescent social relationships in promoting alcohol resistance: Interrupting the intergenerational transmission of alcohol misuse. Dev Psychopathol 2022; 34:1841-1855. [PMID: 36873306 PMCID: PMC9976711 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579422000785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Genetic factors contribute to the intergenerational transmission of alcohol misuse, but not all individuals at high genetic risk develop problems. The present study examined adolescent relationships with parents, peers, and romantic partners as predictors of realized resistance, defined as high biological risk for disorder combined with a healthy outcome, to alcohol initiation, heavy episodic drinking, and alcohol use disorder (AUD). Data were from the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (N = 1,858; 49.9% female; mean age at baseline = 13.91 years). Genetic risk, indexed using family history density and polygenic risk scores for alcohol problems and AUD, was used to define alcohol resistance. Adolescent predictors included parent-child relationship quality, parental monitoring, peer drinking, romantic partner drinking, and social competence. There was little support for the hypothesis that social relationship factors would promote alcohol resistance, with the exception that higher father-child relationship quality was associated with higher resistance to alcohol initiation (β ^ = - 0.19 , 95% CI = -0.35, -0.03). Unexpectedly, social competence was associated with lower resistance to heavy episodic drinking (β ^ = 0.10 , 95% CI = 0.01, 0.20). This pattern of largely null effects underscores how little is known about resistance processes among those at high genetic risk for AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallory Stephenson
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Fazil Aliev
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Sally I-Chun Kuo
- Department of Psychiatry, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Alexis C. Edwards
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Gayathri Pandey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Downstate Medical Center, State University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Jinni Su
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Chella Kamarajan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Downstate Medical Center, State University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Danielle Dick
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Jessica E. Salvatore
- Department of Psychiatry, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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Warner TD, Warner DF. Violent Victimization and Adolescents' Attitudes Toward Romantic Relationships and Sexual Activity. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2022; 37:NP22549-NP22577. [PMID: 35259028 DOI: 10.1177/08862605211072173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Violent victimization in adolescence spurs risk-taking behaviors (e.g., violent offending and substance use/abuse), undermines mental well-being, disrupts developmental transitions, and even has interpersonal and relational consequences. Adolescent victims initiate earlier and progress faster through sexual and romantic relationships. Because the reasons for the links between victimization and relationship behaviors remain unclear, we explored how violent victimization might shape how adolescents think and feel about intimate/romantic relationships. We focus specifically on interest in forming relationships and expectations about intimate/sexual activity occurring within relationships. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health; n = 10,570 [54% girls; 56% non-Hispanic white; ages 11-18]), we found that adolescent victims of violence were more pessimistic about marriage and more favorable toward sexual activity, with patterns varying by age at victimization and gender. Late adolescent victims were marginally more interested in romantic relationships but were pessimistic about marriage. Early adolescent and girl victims were less favorable toward sexual activity in relationships, while later adolescent and boy victims were more permissive. Violent victimization may foster problematic attitudes toward intimate relationships, which may account for previously observed increased involvement in risky relational and sex behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara D Warner
- Department of Criminal Justice, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Center for Family and Demographic Research, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, USA
| | - David F Warner
- Center for Family and Demographic Research, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, USA
- Department of Sociology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Figueroa JM, DeLuca Bishop HK, Baker EA. Using a Socio-Ecological Framework to Understand Romantic Relationship Satisfaction Among Emerging Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic. EMERGING ADULTHOOD (PRINT) 2022; 10:1561-1573. [PMID: 38603198 PMCID: PMC9434192 DOI: 10.1177/21676968221124266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
The formation and maintenance of satisfying romantic relationships, a developmental milestone for many emerging adults, has been challenged by the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Yet, the impact of COVID-19 stress on relationship satisfaction has not been explored within the context of individual and relationship factors. Guided by a socio-ecological framework, this study used a longitudinal design to investigate the impact of individual-level (i.e., growth beliefs, destiny beliefs), couple-level (i.e., daily criticism), and societal-level (i.e., COVID-19 stress) factors on relationship satisfaction during Fall 2021. We also explored the moderating effects of destiny beliefs and growth beliefs. Results revealed relationship satisfaction was negatively associated with daily criticism, but not directly associated with destiny beliefs, growth beliefs, or COVID-19 stress. However, growth beliefs buffered against the negative impact of criticism on relationship satisfaction. These findings are consistent with the notion that growth beliefs may play a protective role in relationship processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M. Figueroa
- Department of Psychology, California State University San Marcos, San Marcos, CA, USA
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49
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Adolescent Relational Roots of Adult Blood Pressure: A Fourteen-Year Prospective Study. Dev Psychopathol 2022; 34:1986-1996. [PMID: 36643089 PMCID: PMC9836075 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579421000419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Intensity in adolescent romantic relationships was examined as a long-term predictor of higher adult blood pressure in a community sample followed from age 17 to 31. Romantic intensity in adolescence--measured via quantity of time spent alone with a partner and duration of the relationship--was predicted by parents' psychologically controlling behavior, and was in turn found to predict higher resting adult systolic and diastolic blood pressure even after accounting for relevant covariates. The prediction to adult blood pressure was partially mediated via conflict in non-romantic adult friendships and intensity in adult romantic relationships. Even after accounting for these mediators, however, a direct path from adolescent romantic intensity to higher adult blood pressure remained. Neither family income in adolescence nor trait measures of personality assessed in adulthood accounted for these findings. Results are interpreted both as providing further support for the view that adolescent social relationship qualities have substantial long-term implications for adult health, as well as suggesting a potential physiological mechanism by which adolescent relationships may be linked to adult health outcomes.
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50
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Choi HJ, Cooke JE, Madigan S, Temple JR. The Impact of Parent-Child Closeness and Romantic Attachment on Dating Violence Perpetration in Adolescence. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2022; 37:NP22300-NP22328. [PMID: 35171738 DOI: 10.1177/08862605211072160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Past research has demonstrated that romantic attachment insecurity is a risk factor for dating violence in adolescence. However, few studies to date have longitudinally examined whether earlier relational experience, such as perceived closeness with parents, may serve as an antecedent of this relationship. To examine longitudinal associations among youths' perceived closeness with parents, romantic attachment insecurity, and perpetration of dating violence in adolescence. Adolescents (N = 1016) were recruited from seven public high schools in south Texas and reported on their perceived closeness with parents, romantic attachment styles, and perpetration of physical and psychological dating violence at three assessments between 2010 and 2014. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Adolescents' romantic attachment anxiety, but not attachment avoidance, significantly mediated the relationship between low perceived closeness with parents and the perpetration of physical and psychological dating violence in late adolescence. Multi-group analyses showed the mediation model only held for females but not males, and for Hispanic youth but not for Non-Hispanic White, African American, and youth of other races and ethnicities. Through its link to romantic attachment anxiety, perceived closeness with parents could play an important role in the perpetration of dating violence in adolescence, especially for girls and Hispanic youth. Findings suggest that dating violence interventions may benefit from targeting aspects of parent-child relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jeong Choi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Jessica E Cooke
- Department of Psychology, 2129University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Sheri Madigan
- Department of Psychology, 2129University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jeff R Temple
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, UTMB Health, Galveston, TX, USA
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