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Fryk E, Rodrigues Silva VR, Strindberg L, Strand R, Ahlström H, Michaëlsson K, Kullberg J, Lind L, Jansson PA. Metabolic profiling of galectin-1 and galectin-3: a cross-sectional, multi-omics, association study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024; 48:1180-1189. [PMID: 38777863 PMCID: PMC11281902 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-024-01543-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Experimental studies indicate a role for galectin-1 and galectin-3 in metabolic disease, but clinical evidence from larger populations is limited. METHODS We measured circulating levels of galectin-1 and galectin-3 in the Prospective investigation of Obesity, Energy and Metabolism (POEM) study, participants (n = 502, all aged 50 years) and characterized the individual association profiles with metabolic markers, including clinical measures, metabolomics, adipose tissue distribution (Imiomics) and proteomics. RESULTS Galectin-1 and galectin-3 were associated with fatty acids, lipoproteins and triglycerides including lipid measurements in the metabolomics analysis adjusted for body mass index (BMI). Galectin-1 was associated with several measurements of adiposity, insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity, while galectin-3 was associated with triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) and fasting insulin levels. Both galectins were associated with inflammatory pathways and fatty acid binding protein (FABP)4 and -5-regulated triglyceride metabolic pathways. Galectin-1 was also associated with several proteins related to adipose tissue differentiation. CONCLUSIONS The association profiles for galectin-1 and galectin-3 indicate overlapping metabolic effects in humans, while the distinctly different associations seen with fat mass, fat distribution, and adipose tissue differentiation markers may suggest a functional role of galectin-1 in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Fryk
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Vagner Ramon Rodrigues Silva
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lena Strindberg
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Robin Strand
- Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Håkan Ahlström
- Division of Radiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Antaros Medical AB, BioVenture Hub, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Karl Michaëlsson
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Medical Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Joel Kullberg
- Division of Radiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Antaros Medical AB, BioVenture Hub, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per-Anders Jansson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Virgincar RS, Wong AK, Barck KH, Webster JD, Hung J, Caplazi P, Choy MK, Forrest WF, Bell LC, de Crespigny AJ, Dunlap D, Jones C, Kim DE, Weimer RM, Shaw AS, Brightbill HD, Xie L. Diffusion tensor MRI is sensitive to fibrotic injury in a mouse model of oxalate-induced chronic kidney disease. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2024; 327:F235-F244. [PMID: 38867676 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00099.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by inflammation and fibrosis in the kidney. Renal biopsies and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) remain the standard of care, but these endpoints have limitations in detecting the stage, progression, and spatial distribution of fibrotic pathology in the kidney. MRI diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has emerged as a promising noninvasive technology to evaluate renal fibrosis in vivo both in clinical and preclinical studies. However, these imaging studies have not systematically identified fibrosis particularly deeper in the kidney where biopsy sampling is limited, or completed an extensive analysis of whole organ histology, blood biomarkers, and gene expression to evaluate the relative strengths and weaknesses of MRI for evaluating renal fibrosis. In this study, we performed DTI in the sodium oxalate mouse model of CKD. The DTI parameters fractional anisotropy, apparent diffusion coefficient, and axial diffusivity were compared between the control and oxalate groups with region of interest (ROI) analysis to determine changes in the cortex and medulla. In addition, voxel-based analysis (VBA) was implemented to systematically identify local regions of injury over the whole kidney. DTI parameters were found to be significantly different in the medulla by both ROI analysis and VBA, which also spatially matched with collagen III immunohistochemistry (IHC). The DTI parameters in this medullary region exhibited moderate to strong correlations with histology, blood biomarkers, hydroxyproline, and gene expression. Our results thus highlight the sensitivity of DTI to the heterogeneity of renal fibrosis and importance of whole kidney noninvasive imaging.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Chronic kidney disease (CKD) can be characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of the kidney. Although standard of care methods have been limited in scope, safety, and spatial distribution, MRI diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has emerged as a promising noninvasive technology to evaluate renal fibrosis in vivo. In this study, we performed DTI in an oxalate mouse model of CKD to systematically identify local kidney injury. DTI parameters strongly correlated with histology, blood biomarkers, hydroxyproline, and gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan S Virgincar
- Translational Imaging, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Aaron K Wong
- Translational Immunology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Kai H Barck
- Translational Imaging, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Joshua D Webster
- Research Pathology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Jeffrey Hung
- Research Pathology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Patrick Caplazi
- Research Pathology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Man Kin Choy
- Translational Imaging, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States
| | - William F Forrest
- Bioinformatics, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Laura C Bell
- Clinical Imaging Group, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Alex J de Crespigny
- Clinical Imaging Group, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Debra Dunlap
- Research Pathology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Charles Jones
- Research Pathology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Dong Eun Kim
- Translational Immunology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Robby M Weimer
- Translational Imaging, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Andrey S Shaw
- Research Biology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Hans D Brightbill
- Translational Immunology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Luke Xie
- Translational Imaging, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States
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3
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Zheng R, Lind L. A combined observational and Mendelian randomization investigation reveals NMR-measured analytes to be risk factors of major cardiovascular diseases. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10645. [PMID: 38724583 PMCID: PMC11082182 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61440-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Dyslipidaemias is the leading risk factor of several major cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), but there is still a lack of sufficient evidence supporting a causal role of lipoprotein subspecies in CVDs. In this study, we comprehensively investigated several lipoproteins and their subspecies, as well as other metabolites, in relation to coronary heart disease (CHD), heart failure (HF) and ischemic stroke (IS) longitudinally and by Mendelian randomization (MR) leveraging NMR-measured metabolomic data from 118,012 UK Biobank participants. We found that 123, 110 and 36 analytes were longitudinally associated with myocardial infarction, HF and IS (FDR < 0.05), respectively, and 25 of those were associated with all three outcomes. MR analysis suggested that genetically predicted levels of 70, 58 and 7 analytes were associated with CHD, HF and IS (FDR < 0.05), respectively. Two analytes, ApoB/ApoA1 and M-HDL-C were associated with all three CVD outcomes in the MR analyses, and the results for M-HDL-C were concordant in both observational and MR analyses. Our results implied that the apoB/apoA1 ratio and cholesterol in medium size HDL were particularly of importance to understand the shared pathophysiology of CHD, HF and IS and thus should be further investigated for the prevention of all three CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zheng
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Li X, Ren H, Xu H, Han X, Lu J, Yang Z. Behind BMI: The Potential Indicative Role of Abdominal Ectopic Fat on Glucose Metabolism. Obes Facts 2024; 17:158-168. [PMID: 38246158 PMCID: PMC10987183 DOI: 10.1159/000536160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to compare the difference in abdominal fat distribution between different metabolic groups and find the ectopic fat with the most risk significance. METHODS A total of 98 subjects were enrolled; there were 53 cases in the normal glucose metabolism group and 45 cases in the abnormal glucose metabolism group. Chemical shift-encoded magnetic resonance imaging was applied for quantification of pancreatic fat fraction (PFF) and hepatic fat fraction (HFF), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT). The correlation and the difference of fat distribution between different metabolism groups were analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the suggestive effect of different body fat fraction. RESULTS Correlation analysis showed that body mass index (BMI) had the strongest correlation with fasting insulin (r = 0.473, p < 0.001), HOMA-IR (r = 0.363, p < 0.001), and C-reactive protein (r = 0.245, p < 0.05). Pancreatic fat has a good correlation with fasting blood glucose (r = 0.247, p < 0.05) and HbA1c (r = 0.363, p < 0.001). With the increase of BMI, PFF, VAT, and SAT showed a clear upward trend, but liver fat was distributed relatively more randomly. The pancreatic fat content in the abnormal glucose metabolism group is significantly higher than that in the normal group, and pancreatic fat is also a reliable indicator of abnormal glucose metabolism, especially in the normal and overweight groups (the area under the curve was 0.859 and 0.864, respectively). CONCLUSION MR-based fat quantification techniques can provide additional information on fat distribution. There are differences in fat distribution among people with different metabolic status. People with more severe pancreatic fat deposition have a higher risk of glucose metabolism disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Li
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,
| | - Hao Ren
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinjun Han
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenghan Yang
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Lind L, Titova O, Zeng R, Zanetti D, Ingelsson M, Gustafsson S, Sundström J, Ärnlöv J, Elmståhl S, Assimes T, Michaëlsson K. Plasma Protein Profiling of Incident Cardiovascular Diseases: A Multisample Evaluation. CIRCULATION. GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE 2023; 16:e004233. [PMID: 38014560 DOI: 10.1161/circgen.123.004233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proteomic profiling could potentially disclose new pathophysiological pathways for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and improve prediction at the individual level. We therefore aimed to study the plasma protein profile associated with the incidence of different CVDs. METHODS Plasma levels of 245 proteins suspected to be linked to CVD or metabolism were measured in 4 Swedish prospective population-based cohorts (SIMPLER [Swedish Infrastructure for Medical Population-Based Life-Course and Environmental Research], ULSAM (Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men), EpiHealth, and POEM [Prospective Investigation of Obesity, Energy Production, and Metabolism]) comprising 11 869 individuals, free of CVD diagnoses at baseline. Our primary CVD outcome was defined by a combined end point that included either incident myocardial infarction, stroke, or heart failure. RESULTS Using a discovery/validation approach, 42 proteins were associated with our primary composite end point occurring in 1163 subjects. In separate meta-analyses for each of the 3 CVD outcomes, 49 proteins were related to myocardial infarction, 34 to ischemic stroke, and 109 to heart failure. Thirteen proteins were related to all 3 outcomes. Of those, urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor, adrenomedullin, and KIM-1 (kidney injury molecule 1) were also related to several markers of subclinical CVD in Prospective Investigation of Obesity, Energy production and Metabolism, reflecting myocardial or arterial pathologies. In prediction analysis, a lasso selection of 11 proteins in ULSAM improved the discrimination of CVD by 3.3% (P<0.0001) in SIMPLER when added to traditional risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Protein profiling in multiple samples disclosed several new proteins to be associated with subsequent myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure, suggesting common pathophysiological pathways for these diseases. KIM-1, urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor, and adrenomedullin were novel early markers of CVD. A selection of 11 proteins improved the discrimination of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences (L.L., R.Z., S.G., J.S.), Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Olga Titova
- Department of Surgical Sciences (O.T., K.M.), Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Rui Zeng
- Department of Medical Sciences (L.L., R.Z., S.G., J.S.), Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Daniela Zanetti
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA (T.A., D.Z.)
| | - Martin Ingelsson
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics (M.I.), Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Stefan Gustafsson
- Department of Medical Sciences (L.L., R.Z., S.G., J.S.), Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Johan Sundström
- Department of Medical Sciences (L.L., R.Z., S.G., J.S.), Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Johan Ärnlöv
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge (J.A.)
| | - Sölve Elmståhl
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Sweden (S.E.)
| | - Themistocles Assimes
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA (T.A., D.Z.)
- Palo Alto VA Healthcare System, CA (T.A.)
| | - Karl Michaëlsson
- Department of Surgical Sciences (O.T., K.M.), Uppsala University, Sweden
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6
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Jönsson H, Ekström S, Strand R, Pedersen MA, Molin D, Ahlström H, Kullberg J. An image registration method for voxel-wise analysis of whole-body oncological PET-CT. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18768. [PMID: 36335130 PMCID: PMC9637131 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23361-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Whole-body positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) imaging in oncology provides comprehensive information of each patient's disease status. However, image interpretation of volumetric data is a complex and time-consuming task. In this work, an image registration method targeted towards computer-aided voxel-wise analysis of whole-body PET-CT data was developed. The method used both CT images and tissue segmentation masks in parallel to spatially align images step-by-step. To evaluate its performance, a set of baseline PET-CT images of 131 classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) patients and longitudinal image series of 135 head and neck cancer (HNC) patients were registered between and within subjects according to the proposed method. Results showed that major organs and anatomical structures generally were registered correctly. Whole-body inverse consistency vector and intensity magnitude errors were on average less than 5 mm and 45 Hounsfield units respectively in both registration tasks. Image registration was feasible in time and the nearly automatic pipeline enabled efficient image processing. Metabolic tumor volumes of the cHL patients and registration-derived therapy-related tissue volume change of the HNC patients mapped to template spaces confirmed proof-of-concept. In conclusion, the method established a robust point-correspondence and enabled quantitative visualization of group-wise image features on voxel level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Jönsson
- Section of Radiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Simon Ekström
- Section of Radiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Robin Strand
- Section of Radiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, 751 05, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mette A Pedersen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine & PET-Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Daniel Molin
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Håkan Ahlström
- Section of Radiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
- Antaros Medical AB, BioVenture Hub, 431 53, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Joel Kullberg
- Section of Radiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
- Antaros Medical AB, BioVenture Hub, 431 53, Mölndal, Sweden
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Hu J, Jiang Y, Shen H, Ding L, Xu X, Wu W. What is the best anthropometry index to evaluate the risk of metabolic abnormalities in Chinese adults? Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2022; 38:e3580. [PMID: 36210641 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Obesity, defined by body mass index (BMI), is a heterogeneous condition with varying metabolic manifestations, and the best index for predicting metabolic abnormalities remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the most suitable anthropometry index for predicting metabolic abnormalities in Chinese adults. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted using the data obtained from 9517 Chinese adults who underwent physical examination, bioelectrical impedance analysis, and laboratory examinations between March 2018 and March 2022. Participants were further divided into eight subgroups according to age, BMI, and sex. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and Youden index values were calculated to identify the best predictor of metabolic abnormalities in Chinese adults. RESULTS The waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) had the largest area under the curve for predicting metabolic abnormalities in men of any age and women aged 18-49 years. However, BMI showed the highest accuracy in predicting metabolic abnormalities in women aged 50 years and older. Based on the highest Youden index, the optimal WHtR threshold was 0.51 in women and 0.53 in men. CONCLUSIONS The WHtR was the most effective index for predicting metabolic abnormalities in most Chinese adults, whereas BMI showed a higher accuracy only in elderly women. This observation supports WHtR as a novel adiposity marker for screening metabolic abnormalities and shows value for public health practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hu
- Department of Health Management Center, Huadong Sanatorium, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongbin Jiang
- Department of Health Management Center, Huadong Sanatorium, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Shen
- Department of Health Management Center, Huadong Sanatorium, Jiangsu, China
| | - Limin Ding
- Department of Health Management Center, Huadong Sanatorium, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaopao Xu
- Department of Health Management Center, Huadong Sanatorium, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenjun Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Wuxi People's Hospital, Jiangsu, China
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8
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Lind L, Sundström J, Elmståhl S, Dekkers KF, Smith JG, Engström G, Fall T, Ärnlöv J. The metabolomic profile associated with clustering of cardiovascular risk factors—A multi-sample evaluation. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274701. [PMID: 36107885 PMCID: PMC9477278 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
A clustering of cardiovascular risk factors is denoted the metabolic syndrome (MetS), but the mechanistic underpinnings of this clustering is not clear. Using large-scale metabolomics, we aimed to find a metabolic profile common for all five components of MetS.
Methods and findings
791 annotated non-xenobiotic metabolites were measured by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry in five different population-based samples (Discovery samples: EpiHealth, n = 2342 and SCAPIS-Uppsala, n = 4985. Replication sample: SCAPIS-Malmö, n = 3978, Characterization samples: PIVUS, n = 604 and POEM, n = 501). MetS was defined by the NCEP/consensus criteria. Fifteen metabolites were related to all five components of MetS (blood pressure, waist circumference, glucose, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides) at a false discovery rate of <0.05 with adjustments for BMI and several life-style factors. They represented different metabolic classes, such as amino acids, simple carbohydrates, androgenic steroids, corticosteroids, co-factors and vitamins, ceramides, carnitines, fatty acids, phospholipids and metabolonic lactone sulfate. All 15 metabolites were related to insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index) in POEM, but only Palmitoyl-oleoyl-GPE (16:0/18:1), a glycerophospholipid, was related to incident cardiovascular disease over 8.6 years follow-up in the EpiHealth sample following adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors (HR 1.32 for a SD change, 95%CI 1.07–1.63).
Conclusion
A complex metabolic profile was related to all cardiovascular risk factors included in MetS independently of BMI. This profile was also related to insulin sensitivity, which provide further support for the importance of insulin sensitivity as an important underlying mechanism in the clustering of cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Johan Sundström
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sölve Elmståhl
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Koen F. Dekkers
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J. Gustav Smith
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine and Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Engström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Tove Fall
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Ärnlöv
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Science and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- School of Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden
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9
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Fridén M, Kullberg J, Ahlström H, Lind L, Rosqvist F. Intake of Ultra-Processed Food and Ectopic-, Visceral- and Other Fat Depots: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:774718. [PMID: 35445063 PMCID: PMC9013765 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.774718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The purpose of this study was to investigate associations between intake of ultra-processed food (UPF) and liver fat, pancreas fat and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) but also subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), VAT/SAT ratio and total fat mass. Materials and Methods Cross-sectional analysis of n = 286 50-year old men and women. Energy percentage (%E) from UPF was calculated from a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Food items were categorized according to the NOVA-classification system and fat depots were assessed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Associations were analyzed using linear regression, adjusted for sex, education, physical activity, smoking, dietary factors and BMI. Results Mean intake of UPF was 37.8 ± 10.2 %E and the three largest contributors to this were crisp- and wholegrain breads and spreads, indicating overall healthy food choices. Consumption of UPF was associated with higher intake of energy, carbohydrates and fiber and lower intake of protein and polyunsaturated fat but no differences were observed for total fat, saturated fat (SFA), monounsaturated fat, sugar or alcohol between tertiles of UPF. Intake of UPF was positively associated with liver- and pancreas fat, VAT, VAT/SAT and inversely associated with total fat mass in crude models. The association for VAT remained after full adjustment (β = 0.01 (95% CI: 0.002, 0.02), P = 0.02) and was driven by women. Conclusion Energy intake from UPF is not associated with ectopic fat, SAT or total fat after adjustment for multiple confounders in this population having overall healthy food habits. However, a positive association between UPF and VAT was observed which was driven by women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Fridén
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Joel Kullberg
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Radiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Antaros Medical AB, BioVenture Hub, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Håkan Ahlström
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Radiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Antaros Medical AB, BioVenture Hub, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Rosqvist
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Fredrik Rosqvist
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10
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Fridén M, Rosqvist F, Ahlström H, Niessen HG, Schultheis C, Hockings P, Hulthe J, Gummesson A, Wanders A, Rorsman F, Risérus U, Vessby J. Hepatic Unsaturated Fatty Acids Are Linked to Lower Degree of Fibrosis in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:814951. [PMID: 35083257 PMCID: PMC8784562 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.814951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The hepatic lipidome of patients with early stages of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been fairly well-explored. However, studies on more progressive forms of NAFLD, i.e., liver fibrosis, are limited. Materials and methods: Liver fatty acids were determined in cholesteryl esters (CE), phospholipids (PL), and triacylglycerols (TAG) by gas chromatography. Cross-sectional associations between fatty acids and biopsy-proven NAFLD fibrosis (n = 60) were assessed using multivariable logistic regression models. Stages of fibrosis were dichotomized into none-mild (F0–1) or significant fibrosis (F2–4). Models were adjusted for body-mass index (BMI), age and patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3 rs738409) (I148M) genotype. A secondary analysis examined whether associations from the primary analysis could be confirmed in the corresponding plasma lipid fractions. Results: PL behenic acid (22:0) was directly associated [OR (95% CI): 1.86 (1.00, 3.45)] whereas PL docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) [OR (95% CI): 0.45 (0.23, 0.89)], TAG oleic acid (18:1n-9) [OR (95% CI): 0.52 (0.28, 0.95)] and 18:1n-9 and vaccenic acid (18:1n-7) (18:1) [OR (95% CI): 0.52 (0.28, 0.96)] were inversely associated with liver fibrosis. In plasma, TAG 18:1n-9 [OR (95% CI): 0.55 (0.31, 0.99)], TAG 18:1 [OR (95% CI): 0.54 (0.30, 0.97)] and PL 22:0 [OR (95% CI): 0.46 (0.25, 0.86)] were inversely associated with liver fibrosis. Conclusion: Higher TAG 18:1n-9 levels were linked to lower fibrosis in both liver and plasma, possibly reflecting an altered fatty acid metabolism. Whether PL 22:6n-3 has a protective role, together with a potentially adverse effect of hepatic 22:0, on liver fibrosis warrants large-scale studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Fridén
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Rosqvist
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Håkan Ahlström
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Radiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Antaros Medical AB, BioVenture Hub, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Heiko G Niessen
- Department of Translational Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Christian Schultheis
- Department of Translational Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Paul Hockings
- Antaros Medical AB, BioVenture Hub, Mölndal, Sweden.,MedTech West, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Anders Gummesson
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alkwin Wanders
- Department of Pathology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Fredrik Rorsman
- Department of Medical Sciences, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ulf Risérus
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Vessby
- Department of Medical Sciences, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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11
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Manz KE, Yamada K, Scheidl L, La Merrill MA, Lind L, Pennell KD. Targeted and Nontargeted Detection and Characterization of Trace Organic Chemicals in Human Serum and Plasma Using QuEChERS Extraction. Toxicol Sci 2021; 185:77-88. [PMID: 34668567 PMCID: PMC8714361 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfab121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans are exposed to a broad range of organic chemicals. Although targeted gas chromatography mass spectrometry techniques are used to quantify a limited number of persistent organic pollutants and trace organic contaminants in biological samples, nontargeted, high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) methods assess the human exposome more extensively. We present a QuEChERS extraction for targeted and nontargeted analysis of trace organic contaminants using HRMS and compare this method to a traditional, cartridge-based solid-phase extraction (SPE). Following validation using reference and spiked serum samples, the method was applied to plasma samples (n = 75) from the Prospective investigation of Obesity, Energy, and Metabolism (POEM) study. We quantified 44 analytes using targeted analysis and 6247 peaks were detected using the nontargeted approach. Over 90% of targeted analytes were at least 90% recovered using the QuEChERS method in spiked serum samples. In nontargeted analysis, 84% of the peaks were above the method detection limit with area counts up to 3.0 × 105 times greater using the QuEChERS method. Of the targeted compounds, 88% were also identified in the nontargeted analysis. We categorized the 4212 chemicals assigned an identity in using EPA's CompTox Dashboard and 1076 chemicals were found in at least one list. The category with the highest number of chemicals was "androgen or estrogen receptor activity." The findings demonstrate that a QuEChERS technique is suitable for both targeted and nontargeted analysis of trace organic contaminants in biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E Manz
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - Kyle Yamada
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - Lukas Scheidl
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - Michele A La Merrill
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala 752 36, Sweden
| | - Kurt D Pennell
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
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12
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Lind L, Ingelsson M, Sundstrom J, Ärnlöv J. Impact of risk factors for major cardiovascular diseases: a comparison of life-time observational and Mendelian randomisation findings. Open Heart 2021; 8:openhrt-2021-001735. [PMID: 34518286 PMCID: PMC8438838 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2021-001735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study compared the strength and causality of associations between major risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the four major CVDs: myocardial infarction, ischaemic stroke, heart failure and atrial fibrillation. Both a long-term follow-up in an observational cohort and Mendelian randomisation (MR) were used for this aim. Methods In the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men study, 2322 men, all aged 50 years, were assessed for CVD risk factors and then followed for four decades regarding incident CVDs. The two-sample MR part used public available Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) data. Results In multivariate analyses, systolic blood pressure was overall by far the most important risk factor, since it was related to all four CVDs, both in observational and MR analyses. Body mass index was the second most overall important risk factor, being linked to all four CVDs, except ischaemic stroke, both in observational and MR analyses. Smoking was an important risk factor for ischaemic stroke and heart failure, both in observational and MR analyses, while low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol mainly was related to myocardial infarction. Diabetes was mainly a causal risk factor for incident myocardial infarction and heart failure. Neither HDL-cholesterol nor triglycerides were of major importance as risk factors in these multivariable models. Conclusion By combining long-term observational data with genetic data, we show that the impact and causal role of specific established cardiovascular risk factors varies between different major CVDs. Systolic blood pressure was causally related to all four cardiovascular outcomes and was therefore, overall, the most important risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Martin Ingelsson
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Sundstrom
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Ärnlöv
- School of Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.,Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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13
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Enarsson M, Feldreich T, Byberg L, Nowak C, Lind L, Ärnlöv J. Association between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Circulating Proteins in 50-Year-Old Swedish Men and Women: a Cross-Sectional Study. SPORTS MEDICINE-OPEN 2021; 7:52. [PMID: 34312731 PMCID: PMC8313632 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-021-00343-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS A strong cardiorespiratory fitness is suggested to have beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk; the exact mechanisms underlying the cardioprotective effects of fitness remain uncertain. Our aim was to investigate associations between cardiorespiratory fitness and multiple plasma proteins, in order to obtain insights about physiological pathways associated with the effects of exercise on cardiovascular health. METHODS In the Prospective investigation of Obesity, Energy and Metabolism (POEM) study (n=444 adults aged 50 years, 50% women), cardiorespiratory fitness was measured by a maximal exercise test on bicycle ergometer with gas exchange (VO2peak) normalized for body lean mass (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)). We measured 82 cardiovascular proteins associated with cardiovascular pathology and inflammation in plasma samples with a proximity extension assay. RESULTS In sex-adjusted linear regression, VO2peak was associated with 18 proteins after Bonferroni correction for multiple testing (p<0.0006). Following additional adjustment for fat mass (DXA), fasting glucose (mmol/L), low-density lipoprotein (LDL, mmol/L), smoking status, waist/hip ratio, blood pressure (mmHg), education level, and lpnr (lab sequence number), higher VO2peak was significantly associated with lower levels of 6 proteins: fatty-acid binding protein-4 (FABP4), interleukin-6 (IL-6), leptin, cystatin-B (CSTB), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15), and higher levels of 3 proteins: galanin, kallikrein-6 (KLK6), and heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF), at nominal p-values (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS We identified multiple novel associations between cardiorespiratory fitness and plasma proteins involved in several atherosclerotic processes and key cellular mechanisms such as inflammation, energy homeostasis, and protease activity, which shed new light on how exercise asserts its beneficial effects on cardiovascular health. Our findings encourage additional studies in order to understand the underlying causal mechanisms for these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malin Enarsson
- Center for Clinical Research Dalarna, Uppsala University, Region Dalarna, Nissers väg 3, 79182, Falun, Sweden
| | - Tobias Feldreich
- School of Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, 79188, Falun, Sweden
| | - Liisa Byberg
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Orthopedics, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 14, B 75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christoph Nowak
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, Alfred Nobels Allé 23, 14183, Huddinge, SE, Sweden
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskölds väg 10B, 75237, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Ärnlöv
- School of Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, 79188, Falun, Sweden. .,Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, Alfred Nobels Allé 23, 14183, Huddinge, SE, Sweden.
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14
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Lind L, Kullberg J, Ahlström H, Strand R. Relationships between carotid artery intima-media thickness and echogenicity and body composition using a new magnetic resonance imaging voxel-based technique. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254732. [PMID: 34297762 PMCID: PMC8301606 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated how carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) and the echogenicity of the intima-media (IM-GSM), measured by ultrasound, were related to body composition, evaluated by both traditional imaging techniques, as well as with a new voxel-based "Imiomics" technique. METHODS In 321 subjects all aged 50 years in the POEM study, IMT and IM-GSM were measured together with a DXA scan for determination of fat and lean mass. Also a whole-body MRI scan was performed and the body volume was divided into >1 million voxels in a standardized fashion. IMT and IM-GSM were related to each of these voxels to create a 3D-view of how these measurements were related to size of each part of the body. RESULTS IM-GSM was inversely related to almost all traditional measurements of body composition, like fat and lean mass, liver fat, visceral and subcutaneous fat, but this was not seen for IMT. Using Imiomics, IMT was positively related to the intraabdominal fat volume, as well of the leg skeletal muscle in women. In males, IMT was mainly positively related to the leg skeletal muscle volume. IM-GSM was inversely related to the volume of the SAT in the upper part of the body, leg skeletal muscle, the liver and intraabdominal fat in both men and women. CONCLUSION The voxel-based Imiomics technique provided a detailed view of how the echogenicity of the carotid artery wall was related to body composition, being inversely related to the volume of the major fat depots, as well as leg skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Joel Kullberg
- Division of Radiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Antaros Medical AB, BioVenture Hub, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Håkan Ahlström
- Division of Radiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Antaros Medical AB, BioVenture Hub, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Robin Strand
- Division of Radiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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15
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Fridén M, Rosqvist F, Kullberg J, Ahlström H, Lind L, Risérus U. Associations between fatty acid composition in serum cholesteryl esters and liver fat, basal fat oxidation, and resting energy expenditure: a population-based study. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 114:1743-1751. [PMID: 34225361 PMCID: PMC8574708 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have repeatedly shown in short-term feeding trials that a high intake of dietary n-6 PUFAs, i.e. linoleic acid, prevents liver fat accumulation compared with saturated fat. However, population-based data is lacking and the mechanisms behind such effects are unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate associations between serum cholesteryl ester (CE) fatty acids and liver fat, basal fat oxidation [respiratory quotient (RQ)], and resting energy expenditure (REE). We hypothesized that PUFA in particular is inversely associated with liver fat and that such a relation is partly explained by a PUFA-induced increase in basal fat oxidation or REE. METHODS Cross-sectional analyses using linear regression models in a population-based cohort with data on serum CE fatty acid composition and liver fat (n = 308). RESULTS Linoleic acid (18:2n-6) (β = -0.03, 95% CI: -0.06, -0.001) and Δ5 desaturase index were inversely associated, whereas, γ-linolenic acid (18:3n-6) (β = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.28, 0.90), dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (20:3n-6) (β = 1.20, 95% CI: 0.65, 1.75), arachidonic acid (20:4n-6) (β = 0.08, 95% CI: 0.002, 0.16), palmitoleic acid (16:1n-7) (β = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.70), Δ6 desaturase, and stearoyl CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1) index were directly associated with liver fat after adjustment for confounders. Several serum CE fatty acids were correlated with both liver fat and REE, but only the association between DHA (22:6n-3) and liver fat was clearly attenuated after adjustment for REE (from β = -0.63 95% CI: -1.24, -0.02 to β = -0.34, 95% CI: -0.95, 0.27). Palmitoleic acid and SCD-1 were weakly inversely correlated with RQ but could not explain a lower liver fat content. CONCLUSIONS Several serum CE fatty acids are associated with liver fat, among them linoleic acid. Although we identified novel associations between individual fatty acids and RQ and REE, our findings imply that PUFAs might prevent liver fat accumulation through mechanisms other than enhanced whole-body energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Fridén
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Rosqvist
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Joel Kullberg
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Radiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden,Antaros Medical AB, BioVenture Hub, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Håkan Ahlström
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Radiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden,Antaros Medical AB, BioVenture Hub, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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16
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Lind L, Gigante B, Borné Y, Feldreich T, Leppert J, Hedberg P, Östgren CJ, Nyström FH, Sundström J, Ärnlöv J, Baldassarre D, Tremoli E, Veglia F, Hamsten A, O'Donnell CJ, Franceschini N, Orho-Melander M, Nilsson J, Melander O, Engström G, Mälarstig A. Plasma Protein Profile of Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis and Atherosclerotic Outcomes: Meta-Analyses and Mendelian Randomization Analyses. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:1777-1788. [PMID: 33657885 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.315597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (L.L., J.S.)
| | - Bruna Gigante
- Unit of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden (B.G., A.H., A.M.)
| | - Yan Borné
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden (Y.B., M.O.-M., J.N., O.M., G.E.)
| | - Tobias Feldreich
- School of Health and Social Sciences, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden (T.F., J.A.)
| | - Jerzy Leppert
- Centre for Clinical Research, Uppsala University (J.L., P.H.), Västmanland County Hospital, Västerås, Sweden
| | - Pär Hedberg
- Centre for Clinical Research, Uppsala University (J.L., P.H.), Västmanland County Hospital, Västerås, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Physiology (P.H.), Västmanland County Hospital, Västerås, Sweden
| | - Carl Johan Östgren
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Sweden (C.J.O., F.H.N.).,Department of Medicine, Boston University, MA (C.J.O.)
| | - Fredrik H Nyström
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Sweden (C.J.O., F.H.N.)
| | - Johan Sundström
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (L.L., J.S.).,The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (J.S.)
| | - Johan Ärnlöv
- School of Health and Social Sciences, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden (T.F., J.A.)
| | - Damiano Baldassarre
- Damiano Baldassarre, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università di Milano (D.B.).,Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy (D.B., E.T., F.V.)
| | - Elena Tremoli
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy (D.B., E.T., F.V.)
| | - Fabrizio Veglia
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy (D.B., E.T., F.V.)
| | - Anders Hamsten
- Unit of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden (B.G., A.H., A.M.)
| | - Christopher J O'Donnell
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Sweden (C.J.O., F.H.N.).,Department of Medicine, Boston University, MA (C.J.O.)
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Caroline, Capel Hill (N.F.)
| | - Marju Orho-Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden (Y.B., M.O.-M., J.N., O.M., G.E.)
| | - Jan Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden (Y.B., M.O.-M., J.N., O.M., G.E.)
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden (Y.B., M.O.-M., J.N., O.M., G.E.)
| | - Gunnar Engström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden (Y.B., M.O.-M., J.N., O.M., G.E.)
| | - Anders Mälarstig
- Unit of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden (B.G., A.H., A.M.)
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17
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Strand R, Kullberg J, Ahlström H, Lind L. Relationships between plasma levels and six proinflammatory interleukins and body composition using a new magnetic resonance imaging voxel-based technique. Cytokine X 2021; 3:100050. [PMID: 33604566 PMCID: PMC7885882 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytox.2020.100050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-1RA and IL-6 levels were related to traditional DXA and MRI measurements of adipose tissue. Neither IL-6R nor IL-8 or IL-18 showed strong relationships vs the traditional measurements. Weak relationships between IL-16 levels and trunk SAT volume was found by Imiomics. On the contrary, IL-8 levels were related to a reduction of SAT volume.
Background Obesity has previously been linked to inflammation. Here we investigated how plasma levels of six interleukins were related to body fat distribution. Methods In 321 subjects, all aged 50 years, in the population-based POEM study (mean BMI 26–27 kg/m2), six interleukins were measured together with a DXA scan for determination of fat and lean mass. Also a whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, in which fat content measurements were acquired in > 1 million voxels was performed. Interleukin levels were related to each of these voxels by the voxel-based technique “Imiomics” to create a 3D-view of how these measurements were related to size of each part of the body. Results Levels of IL-1RA and IL-6 were related to traditional DXA and MRI measurements of adipose tissue at all locations. Neither IL-6R, nor IL-8 or IL-18, showed any consistent significant relationships vs the traditional measurements of body composition, while IL-16 showed relationships being of borderline significance. The Imiomics evaluation further strengthen the view that IL-1RA and IL-6 were related to subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), as well to ectopic fat distribution. In women, IL-16 levels were weakly related to expansion of SAT in the upper part of the body, while on the contrary, IL-8 levels were related to a reduction of SAT volume. Conclusion Of the six evaluated interleukins, plasma IL-1RA and IL-6 levels were related to the amount of adipose tissue in all parts of the body, while a diverse picture was seen for other interleukins, suggesting that different interleukins are related to fat distribution in different ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Strand
- Division of Radiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Joel Kullberg
- Division of Radiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Antaros Medical AB, BioVenture Hub, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Håkan Ahlström
- Division of Radiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Antaros Medical AB, BioVenture Hub, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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18
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Dyke JP. Quantitative MRI Proton Density Fat Fraction: A Coming of Age. Radiology 2021; 298:652-653. [PMID: 33475469 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2020204356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan P Dyke
- From the Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10021
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D. Dodd
- From the Department of Radiology, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin D4, Ireland (J.D.D.); School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (J.D.D); and Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (J.L.)
| | - Jonathon Leipsic
- From the Department of Radiology, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin D4, Ireland (J.D.D.); School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (J.D.D); and Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (J.L.)
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