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Ahmed Abdelmawgood I, Sayed AM, Mohamed OA, Ali Ramadan S, Waleed Farg J, Saad W, Sayed Hamdy R, Sharaf B, Ashry H, Kotb MA. Ginger and its constituents in asthma: a mini-review. J Asthma 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38805387 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2024.2361779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary objective of this review is to focus on research findings that aim to determine the immunomodulatory action of ginger's active components and the molecular mechanisms that reduce asthma. The study aims to provide an overview of the scientific literature available on ginger's efficacy in treating allergic asthma. DATA SOURCE The mouse model of asthma has been used to investigate the actions of ginger and its active compounds on allergies and asthma. Various studies and scientific literature on ginger's health-improving qualities and its traditional use have been examined. RESULTS The findings indicate that ginger and its active ingredients have anti-asthmatic features and a suppressive impact on mast cell production of histamine. Animals given ginger and compounds derived from ginger demonstrate a notable reduction in allergic response, suggesting a significant role in lowering the allergic reaction. CONCLUSION While ginger shows promise as a potential treatment for allergies and asthma due to its anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antidiabetic, anticancer, and antioxidant effects, further examination, extrapolation, and confirmation of these results are necessary before utilizing ginger and its active components in human treatments. This review highlights the need for additional research and provides an overview of the current scientific literature on ginger's efficacy in treating allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Omnia A Mohamed
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Sohaib Ali Ramadan
- Molecular Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Wessam Saad
- Biotechnology English Instructed Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rahma Sayed Hamdy
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Bahaa Sharaf
- Molecular Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hamid Ashry
- Biochemistry Branch, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Kotb
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Huang P, Xiang T, Wang Q, Han L, Zheng S, Zhang D, Huang F, Duan B, Li J, Li H, Huang T. Protective effect of Xixin-Ganjiang herb pair for warming the lungs to dissolve phlegm in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease rats based on integrated network pharmacology and metabolomics. Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5851. [PMID: 38449348 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Xixin-Ganjiang herb pair (XGHP) is a classic combination for warming the lungs to dissolve phlegm and is often used to treat a variety of chronic lung diseases; it can treat the syndrome of cold phlegm obstruction of lungs. First, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was used to examine the composition of XGHP, and network pharmacology was used to predict its potential core targets and signaling pathways in the current study. Second, a rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was established for assessing the anti-COPD activity of XGHP, and metabolomics was used to explore the biomarkers and metabolic pathways. Finally, the sample was validated using molecular docking and Western blotting. The integration of metabolomics and network pharmacology results identified 11 targets, 3 biomarkers, 3 pathways, and 2 metabolic pathways. Western blotting showed that XGHP effectively regulated the expression of core proteins via multiple signaling pathways (downregulation of toll-like receptor 4 [TLR4] and upregulation of serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 [p-AKT1] and nitric oxide synthase 3 [NOS3]). Molecular docking results showed that the 10 potentially active components of XGHP have good affinity with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), TLR4, p-AKT1, and NOS3. Our findings suggest that XGHP may regulate glucolipid metabolism, improve energy supply, and inhibit inflammatory responses (TNF-α, IL-6, and MMP-9) via the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and HIF-1 signaling pathway in the management of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, China
- College of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Xiang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- College of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Lintao Han
- Pharmacy School, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Prescription, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Sili Zheng
- Pharmacy School, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Dongning Zhang
- Pharmacy School, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Huang
- College of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Bailu Duan
- College of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- College of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Huamao Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuhan Red Cross Hospital, Wuhan, China
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Silva LNR, Oliveira ECP, Baratto LC. Amazonian useful plants described in the book "Le Pays des Amazones" (1885) of the Brazilian propagandist Baron de Santa-Anna Nery: a historical and ethnobotanical perspective. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2024; 20:26. [PMID: 38409064 PMCID: PMC10897987 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-024-00663-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frederico José de Santa-Anna Nery (1848-1901) was a Brazilian Baron who referred to himself as a "volunteer propagandist" for Brazil in Europe, serving as an immigration agent to publicize the living conditions in the Amazon region, advocating for its development and modernization at the end of the nineteenth century. Santa-Anna Nery's most famous book is "Le Pays des Amazones" (The Lands of the Amazons), first published in 1885, which the author dedicated a chapter to introduce and report on the Amazonian useful plant species and its relationship with humans. The aim of this work is to understand the historical context and ethnobotanical value of the plant species in the Brazilian Amazon at the end of the nineteenth century through an analysis of the book "Le Pays des Amazones" (1885) by Baron de Santa-Anna Nery, as well as to bring to light the historical importance of this very influential propagandist, who has been forgotten nowadays. METHODS The original book "Le Pays des Amazones" (1885), as well as the original 3rd edition and its translated version into Portuguese, was carefully analyzed and all information about plants was systematized, with botanical names being updated. Finally, using the scientific name of medicinal plants alone or in combination with their traditional use, a search was carried out in databases in order to indicate current pharmacological studies that provide evidence about the described traditional uses. RESULTS A total of 156 plant species were identified in the book, although 132 species had their scientific names updated. These species belong to 45 different families, with Fabaceae and Arecaceae the most represented, and 109 plants are Brazilian native. Considering only the 36 medicinal plants, the main medicinal indications reported were astringent, purgative/laxative, stimulant and tonic, vermifuge, febrifuge, sudorific, emetic, diuretic and antidysenteric. Regarding other useful plants (non-medicinal), 97 species were cited for food, constructions and buildings, spices and condiments, ornaments and objects, carpentry, textile fibers, gums, oils, balms and essences, pigments and tanning, hunting and fishing. CONCLUSIONS When the book "Le Pays des Amazones" is analyzed from a timeless perspective, with a particular focus on historical ethnobotany, it is possible to observe the economic, social, and political importance of many useful plants for the Amazon at the end of the nineteenth century and how the relationship between local people, indigenous communities, and immigrants was established with plant biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas N R Silva
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, Post-Graduate Program in Biosciences, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará (UFOPA), Santarém, Pará (PA), Brazil
| | - Elaine C P Oliveira
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, Post-Graduate Program in Biosciences, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará (UFOPA), Santarém, Pará (PA), Brazil
| | - Leopoldo C Baratto
- Laboratory of Applied Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil.
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Du L, Lu H, Xiao Y, Guo Z, Li Y. Prediction and analysis of quality markers for Chuantieling gel patches based on HPLC fingerprinting and network pharmacology. Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5773. [PMID: 38048642 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
The Chuantieling gel patch (CGP), a traditional Chinese medicine compound, is an external treatment for asthma. It has shown remarkable effectiveness in alleviating asthma-related airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation. Nevertheless, there is currently no information available regarding the analysis of quality markers for CGP, and there is a need for further improvement in quality control research. In this study, we developed an HPLC fingerprinting method for CGP and conducted a comprehensive methodological investigation. We assessed the similarity among 10 batches of CGP, identified common peaks, and quantified the content of seven major quality markers. Furthermore, we built a network pharmacology-based 'active ingredients-targets-pathways-diseases' network to forecast the potential mechanisms of action for the primary active components in asthma treatment. Our findings demonstrated that the developed CGP fingerprinting and content determination methods were consistent and trustworthy. We verified the existence of 25 shared peaks and successfully identified 7 chromatographic peaks, including sinigrin thiocyanate, ephedrine hydrochloride, methyleugenol, imperatorin, cinnamaldehyde, emodin, and 6-gingerol, using reference standards. The network pharmacology analysis suggested that these seven active components may target proteins such as STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3), MAPK3 (mitogen-activated protein kinase 3), and TP53 (tumor protein P53) and influence various diseases through pathways including cancer pathways, hepatitis B, and PI3K-Akt (phosphoinositide 3-kinase-protein kinase B) signaling. This study provides insight into the complex multicomponent composition of CGP, and the predictive analysis through network pharmacology sets the stage for uncovering the mechanisms responsible for the therapeutic effects of CGP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Du
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Huiling Lu
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yifei Xiao
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhihua Guo
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Ya Li
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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Usmani K, Jain SK, Yadav S. Mechanism of action of certain medicinal plants for the treatment of asthma. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 317:116828. [PMID: 37369335 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Asthma is often treated and prevented using the pharmacological properties of traditional medicinal plants. These healthcare systems are among the most well-known, conveniently accessible, and economically priced in India and several other Asian countries. Traditional Indian Ayurvedic plants have the potential to be used as phyto-therapeutics, to create novel anti-asthmatic drugs, and as a cost-effective source of pharmaceuticals. Current conventional therapies have drawbacks, including serious side effects and expensive costs that interfere with treatment compliance and affect the patient's quality of life. The primary objective of the article is to comprehensively evaluate the advancement of research on the protective phytochemicals of traditional plants that target immune responses and signaling cascades in inflammatory experimental asthma models. The study would assist in paving the way for the creation of natural phytomedicines that are protective, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory against asthma, which may then be used in individualized asthma therapy. AIM OF THE STUDY The study demonstrates the mechanisms of action of phytochemicals present in traditional medicinal plants, diminish pulmonary disorder in both in vivo and in vitro models of asthma. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive review of the literature on conventional plant-based asthma therapies was performed from 2006 to 2022. The study uses authoritative scientific sources such as PubMed, PubChem Compound, Wiley Online Library, Science Direct, Springer Link, and Google Scholar to collect information on potential phytochemicals and their mechanisms of action. World Flora Online (http://www.worldfloraonline.org) and Plants of the World Online (https://wcsp.science.kew.org) databases were used for the scientific names of medicinal plants. RESULTS The study outlines the phytochemical mechanisms of some traditional Ayurveda botanicals used to treat asthma. Active phytochemicals including curcumin, withaferin-A, piperine, glabridin, glycyrrhizin, 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid, trans-cinnamaldehyde, α-hederin, thymoquinone, eugenol, [6]-shogoal, and gingerol may treat asthma by controlling inflammation and airway remodeling. The study concluded that certain Ayurvedic plants' phytochemicals have the ability to reduce inflammation and modulate the immune system, that can effectively cure asthma. CONCLUSION Plants used in traditional Ayurvedic medicine have been utilized for millennia, advocating phyto-therapy as a treatment for a variety of illnesses. A theoretical foundation for the use of cutting-edge asthma treatments has been built with the growth of experimental research on traditional phytochemicals. In-depth phytochemical research for the treatment of asthma using Indian Traditional Ayurvedic herbs is compiled in the study. The approach for preventative therapeutics and cutting-edge alternatives to battle the molecular pathways in the pathophysiology of asthma are the key themes of the study. The phytochemical mechanism of action of traditional Ayurvedic herbs is explained to get the attention of the pharmaceutical industry so they can make future anti-asthma drugs for personalized asthma care in the community. The study develops strategies for customized phyto-therapeutics, concentrating on low-cost, side-effect-free approaches that employ bioactive phytochemicals from plants as the major source of effective anti-asthmatic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kainat Usmani
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, 470003, MP, India.
| | - Subodh Kumar Jain
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, 470003, MP, India.
| | - Shweta Yadav
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, 470003, MP, India.
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Crichton M, Marshall S, Marx W, Isenring E, Lohning A. Therapeutic health effects of ginger (Zingiber officinale): updated narrative review exploring the mechanisms of action. Nutr Rev 2023; 81:1213-1224. [PMID: 36688554 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuac115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Ginger (Zingiber officinale) has been investigated for its potentially therapeutic effect on a range of chronic conditions and symptoms in humans. However, a simplified and easily understandable examination of the mechanisms behind these effects is lacking and, in turn, hinders interpretation and translation to practice, and contributes to overall clinical heterogeneity confounding the results. Therefore, drawing on data from nonhuman trials, the objective for this narrative review was to comprehensively describe the current knowledge on the proposed mechanisms of action of ginger on conferring therapeutic health effects in humans. Mechanistic studies support the findings from human clinical trials that ginger may assist in improving symptoms and biomarkers of pain, metabolic chronic disease, and gastrointestinal conditions. Bioactive ginger compounds reduce inflammation, which contributes to pain; promote vasodilation, which lowers blood pressure; obstruct cholesterol production, which regulates blood lipid profile; translocate glucose transporter type 4 molecules to plasma membranes to assist in glycemic control; stimulate fatty acid breakdown to aid weight management; and inhibit serotonin, muscarinic, and histaminergic receptor activation to reduce nausea and vomiting. Additional human trials are required to confirm the antimicrobial, neuroprotective, antineoplastic, and liver- and kidney-protecting effects of ginger. Interpretation of the mechanisms of action will help clinicians and researchers better understand how and for whom ginger may render therapeutic effects and highlight priority areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Crichton
- Faculty of Health Science & Medicine, Bond University Nutrition and Dietetics Research Group, Bond University, Robina, Queensland, Australia
- Cancer and Palliative Care Outcomes Centre, Centre for Healthcare Transformation, School of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Skye Marshall
- Faculty of Health Science & Medicine, Bond University Nutrition and Dietetics Research Group, Bond University, Robina, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Science, Nutrition Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Wolfgang Marx
- Faculty of Health Science & Medicine, Bond University Nutrition and Dietetics Research Group, Bond University, Robina, Queensland, Australia
- Impact (the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation), Food & Mood Centre, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Isenring
- Faculty of Health Science & Medicine, Bond University Nutrition and Dietetics Research Group, Bond University, Robina, Queensland, Australia
| | - Anna Lohning
- Faculty of Health Science & Medicine, Bond University Nutrition and Dietetics Research Group, Bond University, Robina, Queensland, Australia
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Ramírez-Hernández AA, Reyes-Jiménez E, Velázquez-Enríquez JM, Santos-Álvarez JC, Soto-Guzmán A, Castro-Sánchez L, Tapia-Pastrana G, Torres-Aguilar H, Vásquez-Garzón VR, Baltiérrez-Hoyos R. Zingiber officinale-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Attenuate Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis Trough Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Protease Activity in a Mouse Model. Cells 2023; 12:1852. [PMID: 37508515 PMCID: PMC10378408 DOI: 10.3390/cells12141852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most frequent and severe idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. It is a chronic and progressive disease with a poor prognosis and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. This disease has no cure; therefore, there is a clinical need to search for alternative treatments with greater efficacy. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from Zingiber officinale (EVZO) in a murine model of bleomycin (BLM)-induced IPF administered through an osmotic minipump. EVZO had an average size of 373 nm and a spherical morphology, as identified by scanning electron microscopy. Label-free proteomic analysis of EVZOs was performed by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, and 20 proteins were identified. In addition, we demonstrated the protease activity of EVZO by gelatin-degrading zymography assay and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of EVZO by an enzymatic assay. In the BLM-induced IPF mouse model, nasal administration of 50 μg of EVZO induced recovery of alveolar space size and decreased cellular infiltrate, collagen deposition, and expression of α-SMA-positive cells. Additionally, EVZO inhibited inflammatory markers such as iNOS and COX-2, lipid peroxidation, and apoptotic cells. These results show that EVZO may represent a novel natural delivery mechanism to treat IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma Aurora Ramírez-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Fibrosis y Cáncer, Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca de Juárez 68120, Mexico; (A.A.R.-H.); (E.R.-J.); (J.M.V.-E.); (J.C.S.-Á.); (V.R.V.-G.)
| | - Edilburga Reyes-Jiménez
- Laboratorio de Fibrosis y Cáncer, Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca de Juárez 68120, Mexico; (A.A.R.-H.); (E.R.-J.); (J.M.V.-E.); (J.C.S.-Á.); (V.R.V.-G.)
| | - Juan Manuel Velázquez-Enríquez
- Laboratorio de Fibrosis y Cáncer, Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca de Juárez 68120, Mexico; (A.A.R.-H.); (E.R.-J.); (J.M.V.-E.); (J.C.S.-Á.); (V.R.V.-G.)
| | - Jovito Cesar Santos-Álvarez
- Laboratorio de Fibrosis y Cáncer, Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca de Juárez 68120, Mexico; (A.A.R.-H.); (E.R.-J.); (J.M.V.-E.); (J.C.S.-Á.); (V.R.V.-G.)
| | - Adriana Soto-Guzmán
- Departamento de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico;
| | - Luis Castro-Sánchez
- CONAHCYT-Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Colima 28045, Mexico;
| | - Gabriela Tapia-Pastrana
- Laboratorio en Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Oaxaca, San Bartolo Coyotepec, Oaxaca de Juárez 71256, Mexico;
| | - Honorio Torres-Aguilar
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Av. Universidad S/N, Cinco Señores, Oaxaca de Juárez 68120, Mexico;
| | - Verónica Rocío Vásquez-Garzón
- Laboratorio de Fibrosis y Cáncer, Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca de Juárez 68120, Mexico; (A.A.R.-H.); (E.R.-J.); (J.M.V.-E.); (J.C.S.-Á.); (V.R.V.-G.)
- CONAHCYT-Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca de Juárez 68120, Mexico
| | - Rafael Baltiérrez-Hoyos
- Laboratorio de Fibrosis y Cáncer, Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca de Juárez 68120, Mexico; (A.A.R.-H.); (E.R.-J.); (J.M.V.-E.); (J.C.S.-Á.); (V.R.V.-G.)
- CONAHCYT-Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca de Juárez 68120, Mexico
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Pan Y, Liu Y. Echinacoside alleviates airway remodeling and inflammation in an ovalbumin-induced neonatal mouse model of asthma by modulating the SIRT1-NF-κB pathway. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2023; 51:71-77. [PMID: 37422782 DOI: 10.15586/aei.v51i4.859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Echinacoside (ECH) has been reported to have anti-inflammatory and anti-immune effects, and may be effective for treating asthma. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ECH on asthma. METHODS A mouse model of asthma was established by ovalbumin (OVA) induction, and the effect of ECH on airway remodeling in mice was evaluated using the Periodic Acid-Schiff stain and enzyme-linked immunosorbent serologic assay (ELISA). Additionally, the effect of ECH on collagen deposition in asthmatic mice was assessed using Western blotting (WB) analysis, and response to airway inflammation was evaluated by ELISA. The signaling pathway regulated by ECH was also investigated using WB. RESULTS Our findings demonstrated that ECH restored OVA-induced increase in mucin, -immunoglobulin E, and respiratory resistance. ECH also alleviated OVA-induced collagen -deposition, including collagen I, collagen III, alpha smooth muscle actin, and epithelial (E)-cadherin. Moreover, ECH restored the elevated levels of interleukin (IL)-13, IL-17, and the increased -number of macrophages, eosinophils, lymphocytes, and neutrophills induced by OVA. ECH mainly exerted its regulatory effects by modulating the silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (Sirtuin 1/SIRT1)-nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway in the mouse models of asthma. CONCLUSION This study highlights the therapeutic potential of ECH for attenuating airway remodeling and inflammation in an OVA-induced neonatal mouse model of asthma through the modulation of SIRT1/NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunbo Pan
- Department of Pediatrics, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yongchuan, Chongqing, China
| | - Yijun Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yongchuan, Chongqing, China;
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Rudrapal M, Eltayeb WA, Rakshit G, El-Arabey AA, Khan J, Aldosari SM, Alshehri B, Abdalla M. Dual synergistic inhibition of COX and LOX by potential chemicals from Indian daily spices investigated through detailed computational studies. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8656. [PMID: 37244921 PMCID: PMC10224994 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35161-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase (COX) and Lipoxygenase (LOX) are essential enzymes for arachidonic acid (AA) to eicosanoids conversion. These AA-derived eicosanoids are essential for initiating immunological responses, causing inflammation, and resolving inflammation. Dual COX/5-LOX inhibitors are believed to be promising novel anti-inflammatory agents. They inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins (PGs) and leukotrienes (LTs), but have no effect on lipoxin formation. This mechanism of combined inhibition circumvents certain limitations for selective COX-2 inhibitors and spares the gastrointestinal mucosa. Natural products, i.e. spice chemicals and herbs, offer an excellent opportunity for drug discovery. They have proven anti-inflammatory properties. However, the potential of a molecule to be a lead/ drug candidate can be much more enhanced if it has the property of inhibition in a dual mechanism. Synergistic activity is always a better option than the molecule's normal biological activity. Herein, we have explored the dual COX/5-LOX inhibition property of the three major potent phytoconsituents (curcumin, capsaicin, and gingerol) from Indian spices using in silico tools and biophysical techniques in a quest to identify their probable inhibitory role as anti-inflammatory agents. Results revealed the dual COX/5-LOX inhibitory potential of curcumin. Gingerol and capsaicin also revealed favorable results as dual COX/5-LOX inhibitors. Our results are substantiated by target similarity studies, molecular docking, molecular dynamics, energy calculations, DFT, and QSAR studies. In experimental inhibitory (in vitro) studies, curcumin exhibited the best dual inhibitory activities against COX-1/2 and 5-LOX enzymes. Capsaicin and gingerol also showed inhibitory potential against both COX and LOX enzymes. In view of the anti-inflammatory potential these spice chemicals, this research could pave the way for more scientific exploration in this area for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mithun Rudrapal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research (Deemed to Be University), Guntur, 522213, India.
| | - Wafa Ali Eltayeb
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, Shendi University, Shendi, 414601, Sudan
| | - Gourav Rakshit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi, 835215, India
| | - Amr Ahmed El-Arabey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11651, Egypt
| | - Johra Khan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al'Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia.
- Health and Basic Sciences Research Center, Majmaah University, Al'Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sahar M Aldosari
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al'Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia
- Health and Basic Sciences Research Center, Majmaah University, Al'Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader Alshehri
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al'Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia
- Health and Basic Sciences Research Center, Majmaah University, Al'Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohnad Abdalla
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250022, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Shankar P, Vijay B, Pendse N, Rahman M, Nampoothiri V. Ayurveda management of pulmonary mycosis: an integrative approach: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2023; 17:48. [PMID: 36755297 PMCID: PMC9906598 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-022-03736-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary mycosis is a fungal infection of the lung. Antifungal treatments are used in conventional treatments; however, incomplete response and toxicity are major challenges of antifungal therapies. In Ayurveda, pulmonary mycosis is diagnosed and treated based on principles of respiratory disorders (referred to as Shvaas Roga) with promising outcomes. CASE PRESENTATION A > 60-year-old South Indian male patient visited Institute of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine with complaints of cough, breathlessness, pedal edema, weight loss, uncontrolled diabetes, and anemia. Following chest X-ray, high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and bronchoscopy, the patient was diagnosed with a case of pulmonary mucormycosis. The patient had availed conventional allopathic treatment for 3 months including standard antifungal medication for 3 weeks. However, due to unresolved and persistent symptoms, the patient sought Ayurveda treatment. The patient was diagnosed and treated for 6 weeks as a case of Shvaasa Roga, a subcategory of the respiratory disorder according to Ayurveda, and was cured of the infection following an integrative Ayurveda management regime which included internal medicines, panchakarma, necessary poorvakarmas (like abhyanga and swedhana), diet and lifestyle advice, yoga and acupuncture. CONCLUSIONS The patient was cured of fungal lung infection in 6 weeks using an integrative approach. Primary Ayurveda treatment supported with diet and lifestyle modifications, yoga, and acupuncture helped the patient to recover from illness. The patient is alive and free of disease for more than one year to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasan Shankar
- Rasayana Tantra Unit, IAIM Healthcare Center, The University of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences and Technology, Bangalore, India.
| | - Bhavya Vijay
- grid.502290.c0000 0004 7649 3040Center for Clinical Research and Education, The University of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences and Technology, Bangalore, India
| | - Narendra Pendse
- grid.502290.c0000 0004 7649 3040Kayachikitsa Unit, IAIM Healthcare Center, The University of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences and Technology, Bangalore, India
| | - Mahima Rahman
- grid.502290.c0000 0004 7649 3040Rasayana Tantra Unit, IAIM Healthcare Center, The University of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences and Technology, Bangalore, India
| | - Vasudevan Nampoothiri
- grid.502290.c0000 0004 7649 3040Rasayana Tantra Unit, IAIM Healthcare Center, The University of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences and Technology, Bangalore, India
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11
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Dietary Phytochemicals as Potential Chemopreventive Agents against Tobacco-Induced Lung Carcinogenesis. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030491. [PMID: 36771198 PMCID: PMC9920588 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the second most common cancer in the world. Cigarette smoking is strongly connected with lung cancer. Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and 4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamine)-1-(3-pyridyl)-butanone (NNK) are the main carcinogens in cigarette smoking. Evidence has supported the correlation between these two carcinogens and lung cancer. Epidemiology analysis suggests that lung cancer can be effectively prevented through daily diet adjustments. This review aims to summarize the studies published in the past 20 years exploring dietary phytochemicals using Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. Dietary phytochemicals mainly include medicinal plants, beverages, fruits, vegetables, spices, etc. Moreover, the perspectives on the challenges and future directions of dietary phytochemicals for lung cancer chemoprevention will be provided. Taken together, treatment based on the consumption of dietary phytochemicals for lung cancer chemoprevention will produce more positive outcomes in the future and offer the possibility of reducing cancer risk in society.
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Liu M, Jia X, Liu H, He R, Zhang X, Shao Y. Role of TRPV1 in respiratory disease and association with traditional Chinese medicine: A literature review. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113676. [PMID: 36088856 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1), involved in multiple pathophysiological processes including inflammation, is a thermally activated, non-selective cation channel. It has been identified that TRPV1 is highly involved in some common respiratory diseases including allergic rhinitis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pulmonary infection by participating in neurogenic and immunogenic inflammation, sensitization, and oxidative stress. In recent years, the hypothesis of transient receptor potential (TRP) has been introduced in studies on the theory of five flavors and four properties of Chinese medicinal. However, the hypothesis is undetermined due to the multi-component and multi-target characteristics of Chinese medicinal. This study describes the relations between TRPV1 and four types of respiratory diseases based on the literature in recent five years. In the meantime, the therapeutic effect of Chinese medicinal by intervening TRPV1 was reviewed, in an attempt to provide certain evidence for future studies on the medicinal property-effect relationship, mechanism of drug action, the syndrome differentiation in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for respiratory diseases and to help for new drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiping Liu
- The First Clinical College of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xinhua Jia
- Department of Pneumology and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Huaman Liu
- Department of General Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Rong He
- Department of Pneumology and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- The First Clinical College of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yumeng Shao
- Development and Planning Office of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
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13
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Jedli O, Ben-Nasr H, Zammel N, Rebai T, Saoudi M, Elkahoui S, Jamal A, Siddiqui AJ, Sulieman AE, Alreshidi MM, Naïli H, Badraoui R. Attenuation of ovalbumin-induced inflammation and lung oxidative injury in asthmatic rats by Zingiber officinale extract: combined in silico and in vivo study on antioxidant potential, STAT6 and TNF- α pathways. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:191. [PMID: 35910291 PMCID: PMC9325939 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03249-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study we focused on the anti-asthmatic and antioxidant effects of Zingiber officinalis roscoe L. (ZO) aqueous extract. This study includes 20 adult male rats, which were grouped into four; Group I: control group; Group II: asthmatic group (Ovalbumin sensitized/challenge model, Oval group); Group III: received ovalbumin sensitized/challenge associated a dose of 207 mg/kg body weight (BW) of ZO (Oval + D1 group); Group IV: received ovalbumin sensitized/challenge associated a dose of 414 mg/k BW of ZO (Oval + D2 group). After 21 days, blood and lung samples were collected for biochemical, hematological, and histopathological analyses. The ameliorative effect of ZO phytochemical compounds was also assessed by in silico approach on transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) receptors. The oxidative/antioxidative status was evaluated in the lung tissues. Our results show that ZO extract alleviated the ovalbumin-induced hematological and biochemical disruptions associated oxidative injury. In fact, white and red blood cells (WBC and RBC, respectively), aspartate aminotransaminase (ASAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were significantly disrupted (p < 0.05) in Oval group and alleviated following ZO treatment. Besides, several histopathological features were outlined in lung tissues of Oval group. Interestingly, ZO was found to exert ameliorative effects on tissue level. In silico analyses, particularly the binding affinities, the number of H-bonds, the embedding distance and the molecular interactions of ZO phytochemical compounds with either STAT6 or TNF-α supported the in vivo results. These findings confirm the potential ethno-pharmacological effects of ZO against asthma and its associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olfa Jedli
- Laboratory of Histo-Embryology & Cytogenetics, Medicine Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, Magida Boulila Street, 3029 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hmed Ben-Nasr
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Medicine Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, Majida Boulila Street, 3029 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Nourhène Zammel
- Laboratory of Histo-Embryology & Cytogenetics, Medicine Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, Magida Boulila Street, 3029 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Tarek Rebai
- Laboratory of Histo-Embryology & Cytogenetics, Medicine Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, Magida Boulila Street, 3029 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mongi Saoudi
- Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, 3054 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Salem Elkahoui
- Laboratory of General Biology, Department of Biology, University Ha’il, Ha’il, 81451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Arshad Jamal
- Laboratory of General Biology, Department of Biology, University Ha’il, Ha’il, 81451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Arif J. Siddiqui
- Laboratory of General Biology, Department of Biology, University Ha’il, Ha’il, 81451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelmoneim E. Sulieman
- Laboratory of General Biology, Department of Biology, University Ha’il, Ha’il, 81451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mousa M. Alreshidi
- Laboratory of General Biology, Department of Biology, University Ha’il, Ha’il, 81451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Houcine Naïli
- Laboratory of Solid State (LR11ES51), Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, 3000 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Riadh Badraoui
- Laboratory of General Biology, Department of Biology, University Ha’il, Ha’il, 81451 Saudi Arabia
- Section of Histology Cytology, Medicine Faculty of Tunis, El Manar University, 1007 La Rabta-Tunis, Tunisia
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14
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El-kady AM, Al-Megrin WAI, Abdel-Rahman IAM, Sayed E, Alshehri EA, Wakid MH, Baakdah FM, Mohamed K, Elshazly H, Alobaid HM, Qahl SH, Elshabrawy HA, Younis SS. Ginger Is a Potential Therapeutic for Chronic Toxoplasmosis. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11070798. [PMID: 35890042 PMCID: PMC9315699 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11070798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is an opportunistic parasite that causes serious diseases in humans, particularly immunocompromised individuals and pregnant women. To date, there are limited numbers of therapeutics for chronic toxoplasmosis which necessitate the discovery of effective and safe therapeutics. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the antitoxoplasmosis potential of ginger extract in mice with experimentally induced chronic toxoplasmosis. Results: Treatment with ginger extract significantly reduced cysts count in the brains of T. gondii-infected mice with a marked alleviation of edema and inflammation, and a reversal of neuronal injury. Moreover, ginger extract treatment reduced inflammation in liver and lungs and protected hepatocytes from infection-induced degeneration. Consistently, apoptosis was significantly mitigated in the brains of ginger extract-treated mice compared to infected untreated animals or spiramycin-treated animals. Methods: Four groups of Swiss albino mice (10 mice each) were used. The first group was not infected, whereas 3 groups were infected with Me49 T. gondii strains. One infected group remained untreated (infected untreated), whereas the other two infected groups were treated with either ginger extract (250 mg/kg) or spiramycin (positive control; 100 mg/kg), respectively. The therapeutic potential of ginger extract was evaluated by calculation of the parasite burden in infected animals, and examination of the infected tissues for reduced pathologic changes. Conclusions: Our results showed for the first time that ginger extract exhibited marked therapeutic effects in mice with chronic T. gondii infection which indicates that it can be used as a safe and effective treatment for chronic toxoplasmosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa M. El-kady
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
- Correspondence: Correspondence: (A.M.E.-k.); (H.A.E.)
| | - Wafa Abdullah I. Al-Megrin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Iman A. M. Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt;
| | - Eman Sayed
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt;
| | - Eman Abdullah Alshehri
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (E.A.A.); (H.M.A.)
| | - Majed H. Wakid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.H.W.); (F.M.B.)
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fadi M. Baakdah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.H.W.); (F.M.B.)
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalil Mohamed
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca 21961, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hayam Elshazly
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences -Scientific Departments, Qassim University, Buraidah, Qassim 52571, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni Suef University, Beni Suef 62521, Egypt
| | - Hussah M. Alobaid
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (E.A.A.); (H.M.A.)
| | - Safa H. Qahl
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hatem A. Elshabrawy
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Sam Houston State University, Conroe, TX 77304, USA
- Correspondence: Correspondence: (A.M.E.-k.); (H.A.E.)
| | - Salwa S. Younis
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21131, Egypt;
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15
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Rathinasabapathy T, Sakthivel LP, Komarnytsky S. Plant-Based Support of Respiratory Health during Viral Outbreaks. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:2064-2076. [PMID: 35147032 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c06227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory viruses are linked to major epidemic events that have plagued humans through recorded history and possibly much earlier, ranging from common colds, influenza, and coronavirus infections to measles. However, difficulty in developing effective pharmaceutical solutions to treat infected individuals has hindered efforts to manage and minimize respiratory viral outbreaks and the associated mortality. Here we highlight a series of botanical interventions with different and often overlapping putative mechanisms of action to support the respiratory system, for which the bioactive pharmacophore was suggested and the initial structure-activity relationships have been explored (Bupleurum spp., Glycyrrhiza spp., Andrographis spp.), have been proposed with uncertainty (Echinacea spp., Zingiber spp., Verbascum spp., Marrubium spp.), or remained to be elucidated (Sambucus spp., Urtica spp.). Investigating these metabolites and their botanical sources holds potential to uncover new mediators of the respiratory health outcomes as well as molecular targets for future break-through therapeutic interventions targeting respiratory viral outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thirumurugan Rathinasabapathy
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Lakshmana Prabu Sakthivel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Engineering, Anna University BIT Campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620024, India
| | - Slavko Komarnytsky
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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16
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Malla RR, Vasudevaraju P, Vempati RK, Rakshmitha M, Merchant N, Nagaraju GP. Regulatory T cells: Their role in triple-negative breast cancer progression and metastasis. Cancer 2022; 128:1171-1183. [PMID: 34990009 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.34084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive and immunogenic subtype of breast cancer. This tumorigenicity is independent of hormonal or HER2 pathways because of a lack of respective receptor expression. TNBC is extremely prone to drug resistance and early recurrence because of T-regulatory cell (Treg) infiltration into the tumor microenvironment (TME) in addition to other mechanisms like genomic instability. Tumor-infiltrating Tregs interact with both tumor and stromal cells as well as extracellular matrix components in the TME and induce an immune-suppressive phenotype. Hence, treatment of TNBC with conventional therapies remains challenging. Understanding the protective mechanism of Tregs in shielding TNBC from antitumor immune responses in the TME will pave the way for developing novel, immune-based therapeutics. The current review focuses on the role of tumor-infiltrating Tregs in tumor progression and metabolic reprogramming of the TME. The authors have extended their focus to oncotargeting Treg-mediated immune suppression in breast cancer. Because of its potential role in the TME, modulating Treg activity may provide a novel strategic intervention to combat TNBC. Both under laboratory conditions and in clinical trials, currently available anticancer drugs and natural therapeutics as potential agents for targeting Tregs are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Rao Malla
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, Institute of Science, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, India.,Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, Institute of Science, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Padmaraju Vasudevaraju
- Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, Institute of Science, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Rahul Kumar Vempati
- Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, Institute of Science, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Marni Rakshmitha
- Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, Institute of Science, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Neha Merchant
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali University, Jaipur, India
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17
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Devan AR, Nair B, Kumar AR, Gorantla JN, T S A, Nath LR. Unravelling the Immune Modulatory Effect of Indian Spices to Impede the Transmission of COVID-19: A Promising Approach. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2022; 23:201-220. [PMID: 33593256 DOI: 10.2174/1389201022666210216144917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Months after WHO declared COVID-19 as a Global Public Health Emergency of International Concern, it does not seem to be flattening the curve as we are still devoid of an effective treatment modality and vaccination is in the first phase in many countries. Amid such uncertainty, being immune is the best strategy to defend against corona attacks. As the whole world is referring back to immune-boosting traditional remedies, interest is rekindled in the Indian system of Medicine, which is gifted with an abundance of herbal medicines as well as remedies. Among them, spices (root, rhizome, seed, fruit, leaf, bud, and flower of various plants used to add taste and flavors to food) are bestowed with immense medicinal potential. A plethora of clinical as well as preclinical studies reported the effectiveness of various spices for various ailments. The potential immune-boosting properties together with their excellent safety profiles are making spices the current choice of phytoresearch as well as the immune-boosting home remedies during these sceptical times. The present review critically evaluates the immune impact of various Indian spices and their potential to tackle the novel coronavirus, with comments on the safety and toxicity aspects of spices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aswathy R Devan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Ponekkara P. O., Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India
| | - Bhagyalakshmi Nair
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Ponekkara P. O., Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India
| | - Ayana R Kumar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Ponekkara P. O., Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India
| | - Jaggaiah N Gorantla
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, 48201, Michigan, USA
| | - Aishwarya T S
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Ponekkara P. O., Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India
| | - Lekshmi R Nath
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Ponekkara P. O., Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India
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18
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Qin M, Guo A, Li F, Zhang F, Bi M, Zhang Y, Zhu W. Liquiritigenin enhances cyclic adenosine monophosphate production to mitigate inflammation in dendritic cells. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2021; 35:20587384211038098. [PMID: 34939873 PMCID: PMC8728780 DOI: 10.1177/20587384211038098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aims to dissect the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicinal
herbs against asthma; we chose to first focus on the main chemical components of licorice
to investigate their contribution to asthmatic inflammation inhibition. Methods:
Production of cellular nucleotide molecules such as cAMP, cGMP, and cGAMP was examined by
using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Enzyme-encoding genes were tested
in vitro using quantitative real-time PCR and protein level was
detected by Western blotting analysis. In addition, co-culturing of murine dendritic cells
together with T cells was conducted to examine the expression of cytokine genes and host
immune response. Results: We found that one of the components within licorice, named
liquiritigenin (LR), could efficiently enhance cAMP production in different cell lines.
The augmentation of such molecules was linked to the high expression of cAMP synthesis
genes and repressed expression of cAMP breaking down genes. In addition, the downstream
immune response was also alleviated by the increase in cAMP levels by LR, suggesting the
great potential of this molecule against inflammation. Subsequent immunological tests
showed that LR could efficiently inhibit the expression of several cytokines and alter the
NF-κB pathway and T cell polarization. Conclusion: Altogether, we have identified a
promising antiasthmatic agent LR that could exhibit immunosuppressive function by
elevating the cAMP level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Qin
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Aili Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fuxiang Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, 66310The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Meirong Bi
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yamin Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, 372527Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Weiwei Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Ginger-derived compounds exert in vivo and in vitro anti-asthmatic effects by inhibiting the T-helper 2 cell-mediated allergic response. Exp Ther Med 2021; 23:49. [PMID: 34934427 PMCID: PMC8652391 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
6-Shogaol (SHO) and 6-gingerol (GIN), naturally derived compounds of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), have been found to have anti-allergic effects on dermatitis-like skin lesions and rhinitis. Although SHO and GIN have demonstrated a potential in various inflammatory diseases, their efficacy and mechanism in asthma have not been largely examined. Therefore, the present study demonstrated the anti-asthmatic effects of SHO and GIN on the T-helper (Th) 2 cell-mediated allergic response pathway in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma mouse model. The asthma mouse model was established with an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 50 µg OVA and 1 mg aluminum hydroxide with or without an i.p. injection of SHO and GIN (10 mg/kg) before treatment with OVA. In addition, the current study assessed mast cell degranulation in antigen-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells under different treatment conditions (SHO or GIN at 0, 10, 25, 50 and 100 nM) and determined the mRNA and protein levels of anti-oxidative enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD)1, SOD2, glutathione peroxidase-1/2, catalase] in lung tissues. SHO and GIN inhibited eosinophilia in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluids and H&E-stained lung tissues. Both factors also decreased mucus production in periodic acid-Schiff-stained lung tissues and the levels of Th2 cytokines in these tissues. GIN attenuated oxidative stress by upregulating the expression levels of anti-oxidative proteins. In an in vitro experiment, the degranulation of RBL-2H3 rat mast cells was significantly decreased. It was found that SHO and GIN effectively suppressed the allergic response in the mouse model by inhibiting eosinophilia and Th2 cytokine production. Collectively, it was suggested that SHO can inhibit lung inflammation by attenuating the Th2 cell-mediated allergic response signals, and that GIN can inhibit lung inflammation and epithelial cell remodeling by repressing oxidative stress. Therefore, SHO and GIN could be used therapeutically for allergic and eosinophilic asthma.
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Roudsari NM, Lashgari NA, Momtaz S, Roufogalis B, Abdolghaffari AH, Sahebkar A. Ginger: A complementary approach for management of cardiovascular diseases. Biofactors 2021; 47:933-951. [PMID: 34388275 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Inflammation and oxidative stress play critical roles in progression of various types of CVD. Broad pharmacological properties of ginger (the rhizome of Zingiber officinale) and its bioactive components have been reported, suggesting that they can be a therapeutic choice for clinical use. Consistent with its rich phenolic content, the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of ginger have been confirmed in many studies. Ginger modifies many cellular processes and in particular was shown to have potent inhibitory effects against nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB); signal transducer and activator of transcription; NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing proteins; toll-like receptors; mitogen-activated protein kinase; and mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathways. Ginger also blocks pro-inflammatory cytokines and the activation of the immune system. Ginger suppresses the activity of oxidative molecules such as reactive oxygen species, inducible nitric oxide synthase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione, heme oxygenase, and GSH-Px. In this report, we summarize the biochemical pathologies underpinning a variety of CVDs and the effects of ginger and its bioactive components, including 6-shogaol, 6-gingerol, and 10-dehydrogingerdione. The properties of ginger and its phenolic components, mechanism of action, biological functions, side effects, and methods for enhanced cell delivery are also discussed. Together with preclinical and clinical studies, the positive biological effects of ginger and its bioactive components in CVD support the undertaking of further in vivo and especially clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Momeni Roudsari
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naser-Aldin Lashgari
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeideh Momtaz
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, Tehran, Iran
- Toxicology and Disease Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Gastrointestinal Pharmacology Interest Group, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network, Tehran, Iran
| | - Basil Roufogalis
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine, Western Sydney University, Westmead, Australia
| | - Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, Tehran, Iran
- Toxicology and Disease Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Gastrointestinal Pharmacology Interest Group, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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Casula E, Manconi M, Lopez-Mendez TB, Pedraz JL, Calvo E, Lozano A, Zaru M, Castangia I, Orrù G, Fais S, Manca ML. Complementary effect of Zingiber officinalis extract and citral in counteracting non allergic nasal congestion by simultaneous loading in ad hoc formulated phospholipid vesicles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 209:112170. [PMID: 34740093 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Natural nasal spray formulations were prepared by using Zingiber officinalis (Z. officinalis) extract and citral synergically loaded into specifically designed phospholipid vesicles. Phospholipid vesicles were selected according to their stabilizing effect on the nasal mucosal barrier, and their effectiveness was further potentiated by the co-loading of Z. officinalis extract as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent, and citral as antibacterial molecule. Cryo-TEM images confirmed the formation of morphologically homogeneous and small vesicles, sized around 100 nm, negatively charged (-44 mV) and highly biocompatible (viability ≥100%) as detected by using epithelial cells. The analysis of size distribution of sprayed droplets, average velocity module and spray cone angle suggested a good aptitude of the vesicles to be nebulized and their effective deposition in the nasal cavity. Moreover, vesicles were effectively capable of inhibiting some nasal pathogenic bacteria (i.e. Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli) and to protect the epithelial cells against oxidative damage. The formulations are natural and safe, and all of them have shown promising technological and biological properties suggesting their possible application in the nasal cavity for the treatment of congestions and non-allergic rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Casula
- Dept. of Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, University of Cagliari, via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria Manconi
- Dept. of Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, University of Cagliari, via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Tania Belen Lopez-Mendez
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Pedraz
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Esteban Calvo
- LIFTEC, CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, María de Luna, 10, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Antonio Lozano
- LIFTEC, CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, María de Luna, 10, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Marco Zaru
- Icnoderm Srl, Sardegna Ricerche Ed. 5, Pula, 09010 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Ines Castangia
- Dept. of Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, University of Cagliari, via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Germano Orrù
- Molecular Biology Service Lab, Department of Surgical Science, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 54, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Sara Fais
- Molecular Biology Service Lab, Department of Surgical Science, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 54, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Manca
- Dept. of Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, University of Cagliari, via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
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Gwon MG, Gu H, Leem J, Park KK. Protective Effects of 6-Shogaol, an Active Compound of Ginger, in a Murine Model of Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury. Molecules 2021; 26:5931. [PMID: 34641472 PMCID: PMC8512008 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a dose-limiting side effect of cisplatin therapy in cancer patients. However, effective therapies for cisplatin-induced AKI are not available. Oxidative stress, tubular cell death, and inflammation are known to be the major pathological processes of the disease. 6-Shogaol is a major component of ginger and exhibits anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Accumulating evidence suggest that 6-shogaol may serve as a potential therapeutic agent for various inflammatory diseases. However, whether 6-shogaol exerts a protective effect on cisplatin-induced renal side effect has not yet been determined. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 6-shogaol on cisplatin-induced AKI and to investigate its underlying mechanisms. An administration of 6-shogaol after cisplatin treatment ameliorated renal dysfunction and tubular injury, as shown by a reduction in serum levels of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen and an improvement in histological abnormalities. Mechanistically, 6-shogaol attenuated cisplatin-induced oxidative stress and modulated the renal expression of prooxidant and antioxidant enzymes. Apoptosis and necroptosis induced by cisplatin were also suppressed by 6-shogaol. Moreover, 6-shogaol inhibited cisplatin-induced cytokine production and immune cell infiltration. These results suggest that 6-shogaol exhibits therapeutic effects against cisplatin-induced AKI via the suppression of oxidative stress, tubular cell death, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Gyeong Gwon
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Korea; (M.-G.G.); (H.G.); (K.-K.P.)
| | - Hyemin Gu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Korea; (M.-G.G.); (H.G.); (K.-K.P.)
| | - Jaechan Leem
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Korea
| | - Kwan-Kyu Park
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Korea; (M.-G.G.); (H.G.); (K.-K.P.)
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Boucher M, Henry C, Khadangi F, Dufour-Mailhot A, Bossé Y. Double-chamber plethysmography versus oscillometry to detect baseline airflow obstruction in a model of asthma in two mouse strains. Exp Lung Res 2021; 47:390-401. [PMID: 34541979 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2021.1979693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY The current gold standard to assess respiratory mechanics in mice is oscillometry, a technique from which several readouts of the respiratory system can be deduced, such as resistance and elastance. However, these readouts are often not altered in mouse models of asthma. This is in stark contrast with humans, where asthma is generally associated with alterations when assessed by either oscillometry or other techniques. In the present study, we have used double-chamber plethysmography (DCP) to evaluate the breathing pattern and the degree of airflow obstruction in a mouse model of asthma. MATERIALS AND METHODS Female C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice were studied at day 1 using DCP, as well as at day 11 using both DCP and oscillometry following a once-daily exposure to either house-dust mite (HDM) or saline for 10 consecutive days. RESULTS All DCP readouts used to describe either the breathing pattern (e.g., tidal volume and breathing frequency) or the degree of airflow obstruction (e.g., specific airway resistance) were different between mouse strains at day 1. Most of these strain differences persisted at day 11. Most oscillometric readouts (e.g., respiratory system resistance and elastance) were also different between strains. Changes caused by HDM were obvious with DCP, including decreases in tidal volume, minute ventilation, inspiratory time and mid-tidal expiratory flow and an increase in specific airway resistance. HDM also caused some strain specific alterations in breathing pattern, including increases in expiratory time and end inspiratory pause, which were only observed in C57BL/6 mice. Oscillometry also detected a small but significant increase in tissue elastance in HDM versus saline-exposed mice. CONCLUSIONS DCP successfully identified differences between C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice, as well as alterations in mice from both strains exposed to HDM. We conclude that, depending on the study purpose, DCP may sometimes outweigh oscillometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali Boucher
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Cyndi Henry
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Fatemeh Khadangi
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Alexis Dufour-Mailhot
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Ynuk Bossé
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
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24
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Zhang Y, Wang X, Zhang H, Tang H, Hu H, Wang S, Wong VKW, Li Y, Deng J. Autophagy Modulators From Chinese Herbal Medicines: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potentials for Asthma. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:710679. [PMID: 34366865 PMCID: PMC8342996 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.710679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma has become a global health issue, suffering more than 300 million people in the world, which is a heterogeneous disease, usually characterized by chronic airway inflammation and airway hyperreactivity. Combination of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and long acting β-agonists (LABA) can relieve asthma symptoms and reduce the frequency of exacerbations, especially for patients with refractory asthma, but there are limited treatment options for people who do not gain control on combination ICS/LABA. The increase in ICS dose generally provides little additional benefit, and there is an increased risk of side effects. Therefore, therapeutic interventions integrating the use of different agents that focus on different targets are needed to overcome this set of diseases. Some findings suggest autophagy is closely correlated with the severity of asthma through eosinophilic inflammation, and its modulation may provide novel therapeutic approaches for severe allergic asthma. The chinese herbal medicine (CHM) have been demonstrated clinically as potent therapeutic interventions for asthma. Moreover some reports have found that the bioactive components isolated from CHM could modulate autophagy, and exhibit potent Anti-inflammatory activity. These findings have implied the potential for CHMs in asthma or allergic inflammation therapy via the modulation of autophagy. In this review, we discuss the basic pathomechanisms underpinning asthma, and the potential role of CHMs in treating asthma with modulating autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- Inflammation and Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Inflammation and Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - He Zhang
- Inflammation and Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hongmei Tang
- Inflammation and Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hang Hu
- Inflammation and Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Songping Wang
- Inflammation and Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Vincent Kam Wai Wong
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Yuying Li
- Inflammation and Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jun Deng
- Inflammation and Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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25
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Nasal Spray Formulations Based on Combined Hyalurosomes and Glycerosomes Loading Zingiber officinalis Extract as Green and Natural Strategy for the Treatment of Rhinitis and Rhinosinusitis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10071109. [PMID: 34356342 PMCID: PMC8301047 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A total green nanotechnological nasal spray has been manufactured and proposed as an alternative treatment of rhinitis and rhinosinusitis. It was obtained by combining the strengthening effect of liposomes on barrier function, the hydrating and lubricating properties of sodium hyaluronan and the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of the extract of Zingiber officinalis. To this purpose, the extract was loaded in special phospholipid vesicles immobilized with hyaluronic acid (hyalurosomes), which were further enriched with glycerol in the water phase. Liposomes and glycerosomes were prepared as well and used as reference. Vesicles were oligolamellar and multicompartment, as confirmed by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) observation, small in size (~140 nm) and negatively charged (~−23 mV). Spray characteristics were evaluated by using the Spraytec® and instant images, from which the plume angle was measured. The range of the droplet size distribution and the narrow spray angle obtained suggest a good nebulization and a possible local deposition in the nasal cavity. In vitro studies performed by using human keratinocytes confirmed the high biocompatibility of vesicles and their ability to effectively counteract oxidative damage on cells induced by hydrogen peroxide. The overall collected data suggest that our vesicles are suitable as nasal spray.
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26
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Bischoff-Kont I, Fürst R. Benefits of Ginger and Its Constituent 6-Shogaol in Inhibiting Inflammatory Processes. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14060571. [PMID: 34203813 PMCID: PMC8232759 DOI: 10.3390/ph14060571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is widely used as medicinal plant. According to the Committee on Herbal Medicinal Products (HMPC), dried powdered ginger rhizome can be applied for the prevention of nausea and vomiting in motion sickness (well-established use). Beyond this, a plethora of pre-clinical studies demonstrated anti-cancer, anti-oxidative, or anti-inflammatory actions. 6-Shogaol is formed from 6-gingerol by dehydration and represents one of the main bioactive principles in dried ginger rhizomes. 6-Shogaol is characterized by a Michael acceptor moiety being reactive with nucleophiles. This review intends to compile important findings on the actions of 6-shogaol as an anti-inflammatory compound: in vivo, 6-shogaol inhibited leukocyte infiltration into inflamed tissue accompanied with reduction of edema swelling. In vitro and in vivo, 6-shogaol reduced inflammatory mediator systems such as COX-2 or iNOS, affected NFκB and MAPK signaling, and increased levels of cytoprotective HO-1. Interestingly, certain in vitro studies provided deeper mechanistic insights demonstrating the involvement of PPAR-γ, JNK/Nrf2, p38/HO-1, and NFκB in the anti-inflammatory actions of the compound. Although these studies provide promising evidence that 6-shogaol can be classified as an anti-inflammatory substance, the exact mechanism of action remains to be elucidated. Moreover, conclusive clinical data for anti-inflammatory actions of 6-shogaol are largely lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Bischoff-Kont
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany;
| | - Robert Fürst
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany;
- LOEWE Center for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE-TBG), 60325 Frankfurt, Germany
- Correspondence:
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28
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Inhibitory Effects of Gyeji-Tang on MMP-9 Activity and the Expression of Adhesion Molecules in IL-4- and TNF-α-Stimulated BEAS-2B Cells. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10050951. [PMID: 34068739 PMCID: PMC8151808 DOI: 10.3390/plants10050951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Gyeji-tang (GJT), a traditional herbal formula composed of five herbal medicines, is commonly used to treat the common cold, exogenous febrile disease, fever and headaches in Korea, China and Japan. Although various pharmacological activities of GJT have been reported in several studies, the effect of GJT water extract (GJTWE) on airway inflammation has not yet been investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of GJTWE on airway inflammation-related factors using human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells, and to identify the phytochemicals in GJTWE by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-DAD-MS/MS) analysis. GJTWE significantly decreased the production of chemokines, including eotaxin-3, eotaxin-1, regulated on activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), and matrix metalloproteinase-9, and the expression of the adhesion molecules, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, in interleukin-4 + tumor necrosis factor-α (IT)-stimulated BEAS-2B cells. In the UPLC-DAD-MS/MS analysis, 21 phytochemicals, including six flavonoids, two chalcones, five terpenoids, six phenolics, one phenylpropanoid and one coumarin, were identified in GJTWE. The findings suggested that GJTWE might exhibit anti-inflammatory effects on airway inflammation by regulating the expression of inflammatory response-related factors in IT-stimulated BEAS-2B cells; further studies are required to determine the bioactive compounds involved in the inhibition of airway inflammation.
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Khan A, Azam M, Allemailem KS, Alrumaihi F, Almatroudi A, Alhumaydhi FA, Ahmad HI, Khan MU, Khan MA. Coadministration of Ginger Extract and Fluconazole Shows a Synergistic Effect in the Treatment of Drug-Resistant Vulvovaginal Candidiasis. Infect Drug Resist 2021; 14:1585-1599. [PMID: 33907432 PMCID: PMC8071092 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s305503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Azoles are the most common antifungal drugs used in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). The frequency of azole-resistant Candida isolates has increased dramatically in the last two decades. Here, we assessed the antifungal activity of a combination of fluconazole (FLZ) and methanolic extract of ginger (Meth-Gin) against drug-resistant vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) in a murine model. METHODS The in vitro activity of FLZ or a combination of FLZ and Meth-Gin was determined against Candida albicans by the agar well diffusion, macrodilution, time-kill and the biofilm eradication methods. The therapeutic efficacy of the formulations was assessed by analyzing the fungal load, pro-inflammatory cytokines, percent apoptotic cells and the histological changes in the vaginal tissues of the mice. Moreover, the renal toxicity the drug formulation was evaluated by analyzing the levels of the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine. RESULTS The results of in vitro study demonstrated that FLZ did not show any activity against C. albicans, whereas a combination of FLZ and Meth-Gin demonstrated greater activity as shown by the data of the zone of growth inhibition, MIC and time-kill assay. FLZ or Meth-Gin treatment could not completely cure VVC, whereas a combination of FLZ and Meth-Gin was greatly effective in the treatment of VVC. The vaginal tissue from mice of the infected control group had the highest fungal load of 155370 ± 20617 CFUs. Treatment with FLZ at a dose of 40 mg/kg reduced the fungal load to 120863 ± 10723 CFUs. Interestingly, the mice treated with a combination of FLZ (40 mg/kg) and Meth-Gin (200 mg/kg) had a fungal load of 256 ± 152 CFUs. Besides, FLZ and Meth-Gin combination effectively reduced the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-17) and the percentage of apoptotic cells in the vaginal tissues. Likewise, the histological analysis revealed the epithelial necrosis, shedding and ulceration in the vaginal tissue, whereas treatment with FLZ and Meth-Gin combination reversed the histopathological changes in the vaginal epithelium and lamina propria. CONCLUSION The findings of the current study suggest that the co-administration of Meth-Gin and FLZ may have a potential therapeutic effect in the treatment of azole-resistant candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Azam
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled S Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faris Alrumaihi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hafiz Iqtidar Ahmad
- Department of Tashreeh Wa Munafeul Aza, Faculty of Unani Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Masih Uzzaman Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Masood Alam Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
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30
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Zhang Q, Zhang L, Liu Y, Tian X, Li X, Han B, Zhang Y, Wu Z, Yu H, Zhao H, Wang S, Ma K, Wang Y. Research progress on the pharmacological effect and clinical application of Tongqiao Huoxue Decoction in the treatment of ischaemic stroke. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 138:111460. [PMID: 33711554 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischaemic stroke (IS) is a common type of stroke characterised by sudden fainting and communication disorders, alongside a number of other symptoms. It is characterised by high morbidity, disability, and mortality rates. Tongqiao Huoxue Decoction (THD) is effective in the treatment of stroke. As a representative prescription for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, THD has been widely used clinically. This paper systematically introduces clinical and experimental studies of THD in the treatment of IS, summarising its clinical application, pharmacological mechanisms, and active components in the treatment of IS. It also explores its key pathways in the treatment of IS through network pharmacology analyses, thereby speculating on its underlying mechanisms. It is of great significance for the secondary development of this classic prescription as well as for the research and development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China; Shandong Co-Innovation Center of Classic TCM Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China; Shandong Co-Innovation Center of Classic TCM Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China
| | - Yu Liu
- Medical College of China, Three Gorges University, Yichang 443200, PR China
| | - Xu Tian
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China; Shandong Co-Innovation Center of Classic TCM Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China
| | - Xiuyang Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China
| | - Bingbing Han
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China; Shandong Co-Innovation Center of Classic TCM Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China; Shandong Co-Innovation Center of Classic TCM Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China
| | - Zhichun Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China; Shandong Co-Innovation Center of Classic TCM Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China
| | - Huayun Yu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China; Shandong Co-Innovation Center of Classic TCM Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China
| | - Haijun Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China; Shandong Co-Innovation Center of Classic TCM Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China
| | - Shijun Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China; Shandong Co-Innovation Center of Classic TCM Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China
| | - Ke Ma
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China; Shandong Co-Innovation Center of Classic TCM Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China.
| | - Yuan Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China; Shandong Co-Innovation Center of Classic TCM Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China.
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Li X, Ao M, Zhang C, Fan S, Chen Z, Yu L. Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens: A Review of Its Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Toxicology. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:6668990. [PMID: 33747112 PMCID: PMC7943299 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6668990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (ZRR, the fresh rhizoma of Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). It is also a traditional spice, widely used around the world. The present paper reviews advances in research relating to the botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens. In addition, this review also discusses some significant issues and the potential direction of future research on Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens. More than 100 chemical compounds have been isolated from Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, including gingerols, essential oils, diarylheptanoids, and other compounds. Modern studies have confirmed that Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens has pharmacological effects on the nervous system and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems, as well as antiemetic, antibacterial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. However, the modern studies of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens are still not complete and more bioactive components and potential pharmacological effects need to be explored in the future. There is no unified standard to evaluate the quality and clinical efficacy of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens. Therefore, we should establish reasonable, accurate, and reliable quality control standards to make better use of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Li
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 6111137, China
| | - Mingyue Ao
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 6111137, China
| | - Chunling Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 6111137, China
| | - Shunming Fan
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 6111137, China
| | - Zhimin Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 6111137, China
| | - Lingying Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 6111137, China
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Ooi SL, Campbell R, Pak SC, Golombick T, Manoharan A, Ramakrishna R, Badmaev V, Schloss J. Is 6-Shogaol an Effective Phytochemical for Patients With Lower-risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome? A Narrative Review. Integr Cancer Ther 2021; 20:15347354211065038. [PMID: 34930049 PMCID: PMC8728773 DOI: 10.1177/15347354211065038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) evolves due to genomic instability, dysregulated signaling pathways, and overproduction of inflammatory markers. Reactive oxygen species contribute to the inflammatory response, which causes gene damage, cellular remodeling, and fibrosis. MDS can be a debilitating condition, and management options in patients with MDS aim to improve cytopenias, delay disease progression, and enhance quality of life. High serum ferritin levels, a source of iron for reactive oxygen species production, correlate with a higher risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia, and iron overload is compounded by blood transfusions given to improve anemia. 6-shogaol is a natural phenolic compound formed when ginger is exposed to heat and/or acidic conditions, and it has been shown to possess anti-tumor activity against leukemia cell lines and antioxidant effects. This narrative review assessed the potential benefits of this phytochemical in lower-risk MDS patients through examining the current evidence on the pharmacological and therapeutic properties of ginger and 6-shogaol.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ron Campbell
- Charles Sturt University, Bathurst,
NSW, Australia
- The Oaks Medical Practice, The Oaks,
NSW, Australia
| | | | | | - Arumugam Manoharan
- Southern Sydney Haematology, Kogarah,
NSW, Australia
- University of Wollongong Australia,
Wollongong NSW, Australia
| | - Raj Ramakrishna
- Southern Sydney Haematology, Kogarah,
NSW, Australia
- University of Wollongong Australia,
Wollongong NSW, Australia
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Prakash YS. Asthma without borders. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 318:L1001-L1003. [PMID: 32233787 PMCID: PMC7272744 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00114.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y S Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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