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Rankins D, Connor KM, Bryant EE, Lopez J, Nieves DL, Moran M, Wehrle BA. Digestive Enzyme Activities in Mussel Mytilus californianus Endure Acute Heat Exposure in Air. Integr Comp Biol 2024; 64:414-423. [PMID: 38857883 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icae068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The mussel Mytilus californianus is an ecosystem engineer forming beds along the coastlines of Northeastern Pacific shores. As sessile organisms, they modulate their energy balance through valve movements, feeding, and digestive functionality. A recent study observed that activity of the digestive enzyme cellulase was higher than predicted in mussels high on the shore, where temperatures are characteristically high and food availability is limited compared to low-shore habitats. In the current study, we predicted that this scavenging behavior is induced to mitigate energy losses related to heat-shock responses-that cellulase and amylase will display hyperactivity for limited recourses in the face of aerial heating. In the laboratory, we acclimated mussels to three complex diets that differed in starch and cellulose composition, followed by two acute heat shocks (+8°C) in the laboratory. Results showed no hyperactivity of amylase and cellulase in heated mussels. These results differ from previous studies that showed lowered amylase activity following heat acclimation. This difference in amylase activity across heat-stress exposure time is important when analyzing mussel bed disturbances following heat waves that compromise energy balance or cause death within adult populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Rankins
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Kwasi M Connor
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Emily E Bryant
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Jonathan Lopez
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Diana L Nieves
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Matthew Moran
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Beck A Wehrle
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Le Moyne College, Syracuse, NY 13214, USA
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Cienfuegos IA, Ciotti BJ, Billington RA, Sutton PA, Lamarre SG, Fraser KPP. Life in the margins: the effect of immersion/emersion and tidal cycle on the North Atlantic limpet Patella vulgata protein synthesis rates. J Comp Physiol B 2024:10.1007/s00360-024-01582-0. [PMID: 39261359 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-024-01582-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Biological processes in intertidal species follow tidal rhythms that enhance survival and fitness. Whereas tidal effects on behaviour and metabolic rates have been widely studied, impacts on other key process such as protein synthesis are still poorly understood. To date, no studies have examined the effect of immersion/emersion and tidal cycles on protein synthesis rates (ks). Patella vulgata is an intertidal limpet present in North-Eastern Atlantic rocky shores from high to low shore. Previously reported P. vulgata respiration and heart rate measurements suggest aerobic metabolism is maintained during emersion and growth rates increase from high to low shore, but whether these patterns are reflected in ks is currently unclear. Here, we measured for the first time in any intertidal organism, ks, RNA to protein ratios and RNA translational efficiency (kRNA) in P. vulgata over a full tidal cycle, at three different shore heights. ks increased during emersion (p < 0.001) and was significantly higher in low shore animals compared to the other shore heights (p < 0.001), additionally ks was negatively correlated to body mass (p = 0.002). RNA to protein ratios remained unchanged over the tidal cycle (p = 0.659) and did not vary with shore height (p = 0.591). kRNA was significantly higher during emersion and was also higher in low shore limpets (p < 0.001). This study demonstrates that P. vulgata increases ks during emersion, an important adaptation in a species that spends a considerable amount of its lifecycle emersed. Intertidal species are highly exposed to increasing air temperatures, making knowledge of physiological responses during emersion critical in understanding and forecasting climate warming impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio A Cienfuegos
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Davy Building, Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK.
| | - Benjamin J Ciotti
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Davy Building, Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Richard A Billington
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Davy Building, Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Paul A Sutton
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Simon G Lamarre
- Département de Biologie, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, E1A 3E9, Canada
| | - Keiron P P Fraser
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Davy Building, Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK
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Yuan J, Zhang X, Zhang X, Sun Y, Liu C, Li S, Yu Y, Zhang C, Jin S, Wang M, Xiang J, Li F. An ancient whole-genome duplication in barnacles contributes to their diversification and intertidal sessile life adaptation. J Adv Res 2024; 62:91-103. [PMID: 37734567 PMCID: PMC11331182 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Whole-genome duplication (WGD) is one of the most sudden and dramatic events rarely reported in invertebrates, but its occurrence can lead to physiological, morphological, and behavioral diversification. WGD has also never been reported in barnacles, which is one of the most unique groups of crustaceans with extremely speciallized morphology (calcareous shells) and habits (intertidal sessile lifestyle). OBJECTIVES To investigate whether WGD has occurred in barnacles and examine its potential role in driving the adaptive evolution and diversification of barnacles. METHODS Based on a newly sequenced and assembled chromosome-level barnacle genome, a novel WGD event has been identified in barnacles through a comprehensive analysis of interchromosomal synteny, the Hox gene cluster, and synonymous substitution distribution. RESULTS We provide ample evidences for WGD in the barnacle genomes. Comparative genomic analysis indicates that this WGD event predates the divergence of Thoracicalcarea, occurring more than 247 million years ago. The retained ohnologs from the WGD are primarily enriched in various pathways related to environmental information processing, shedding light on the adaptive evolution and diversification of intertidal sessile lifestyle. In addition, transcriptomic analyses show that most of these ohnologs were differentially expressed following the ebb of tide. And the cytochrome P450 ohnologs with differential expression patterns are subject to subfunctionalization and/or neofunctionalization for intertidal adaptation. Besides WGD, parallel evolution underlying intertidal adaptation has also occurred in barnacles. CONCLUSION This study revealed an ancient WGD event in the barnacle genomes, which is potentially associated with the origin and diversification of thoracican barnacles, and may have contributed to the adaptive evolution of their intertidal sessile lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Yuan
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xiaoxi Zhang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yamin Sun
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Biochip, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Chengzhang Liu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Shihao Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yang Yu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Chengsong Zhang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Songjun Jin
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Min Wang
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Jianhai Xiang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Fuhua Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
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Elevated aerial temperature modulates digestive enzyme activities in Mytilus californianus. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 265:110825. [PMID: 36572236 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2022.110825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The marine intertidal mussel Mytilus californianus aggregates to form beds along the Pacific shores of North America. As a sessile organism it must cope with fluctuations in temperature during low-tide aerial exposure, which elevates maintenance costs and negatively affects its overall energy budget. The function of its digestive gland is to release enzymes that break apart ingested polymers for subsequent nutrient absorption. The effects of elevated aerial warming acclimation on the functioning of digestive gland enzymes are not well studied. In this study we asked whether digestive gland carbohydases and proteases could be overstimulated in warm condition to possibly mitigate the costs related to the heat-shock response. We compared mussels acclimated to a + 9 °C heat-shock during daily low-tide aerial exposure to mussels acclimated to isothermal tidal conditions in a simulated intertidal system. The results showed fairly consistent activities of cellulase, trypsin, and amino-peptidase across tidal variation and between thermal treatments; however, amylase activity was lower in warmed versus cool mussels across low and high-tide. We also observed the expression of heat-shock genes in gill tissue during warm tidal conditions, suggestive that moderate temperatures during aerial exposure can induce a stress response.
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Metabolomics and biochemical assays reveal the metabolic responses to hypo-salinity stress and osmoregulatory role of cAMP-PKA pathway in Mercenaria mercenaria. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:4110-4121. [PMID: 36016713 PMCID: PMC9385449 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics reveals the metabolic responses of hard clam to hypo-salinity stress. cAMP-PKA pathway and NKA play osmoregulatory roles in hard clams. Activated antioxidant responses and reorganized membrane lipids occurred at 5 d. Alaine and lactate accumulation suggest the onset of anaerobic metabolism at 1 d. Fatty acids β-oxidation is promoted to provide energy for osmoregulation.
Hypo-salinity events frequently occur in marine ecosystem due to persistent rainfall and freshwater inflow, reducing the cytosol osmolarity and triggering cellular stress responses in aquatic organisms. Euryhaline bivalves have developed sophisticated regulatory mechanisms to adapt to salinity fluctuations over a long period of evolution. In this study, we performed multiple biochemical assays, widely targeted metabolomics, and gene expression analysis to investigate the comprehensive metabolic responses to hypo-salinity stress and osmoregulation mechanisms in hard clam Mercenaria mercenaria, which is a euryhaline bivalve species widely cultured in China. During hypo-salinity stress, increased vacuoles appeared in gill filaments. The Na+ and Cl- concentrations in gills significantly decreased because of the up-regulation of Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA) activity. The cAMP content dramatically decreased at 5 d post hypo-salinity stress. Meanwhile, the gene expression levels of adenylate cyclase, proteinkinase A, and sodium and calcium channel proteins were evidently down-regulated, suggesting that cAMP-PKA pathway was inhibited to prevent ambient inorganic ions from entering the gill cells. Antioxidant metabolites, such as serine and Tyr-containing dipeptides, were significantly up-regulated to resist oxidative stress. Glycerolipid metabolism was strengthened to stabilize membrane structure when hypo-salinity stress was prolonged to 5 days. At 1 d post hypo-salinity stress, an increase in alanine and lactate contents marked the initiation of anaerobic metabolism. Acylcarnitines accumulation indicated that fatty acids β-oxidation was promoted to provide energy for osmoregulation. The potential biomarkers of hypo-salinity stress were identified in hard clams. This study provides novel insights into the metabolic regulatory mechanisms to hypo-salinity stress in euryhaline bivalves.
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de Carvalho ISC, Cantanhêde SM, Hamoy M, da Cruz Freitas Júnior JR, Amado LL. Cardiac responses in Crassostrea gasar: An experimental approach of how the tidal cycle influences the heart function of the mangrove oyster. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2022; 271:111264. [PMID: 35760270 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.111264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac physiological studies in oysters are scarce and these kinds of responses can be key issues for understanding behavioral and baseline adaptive responses. In this study we characterized the electrocardiogram (ECG) tracing patterns, wave intervals (RR; QT), and complex duration (QRS) of Crassostrea gasar during immersion followed by air exposure, simulating what occurs in a tide cycle. Initially, the ECG was analyzed in the oysters under immersion for 30 min to evaluate the basal recordings (immersion exposure condition). Then, the same animals were removed from the water and the ECG was analyzed for another 30 min to assess cardiac activity under air exposure (air exposure condition). For this, a technique of cardiac recordings was developed, allowing us to analyze, beyond ECG, other cardiac parameters such as the heart rate (HR) in beats per minute, the spectral power of HR, and the amplitude. The basal cardiac parameters analyzed in oysters in the immerse condition clearly show the waves and intervals (R-R: 11.03 ± 0.63 s, P-Q: 2.09 ± 0.06 s), with a normal and regular electrocardiographic tracing and sinus rhythm without alterations. When in the air exposure condition, oysters maintained the ECG tracing of sinus rhythm, but with changes in intervals and a prolonged isoelectric period. Moreover, in this condition, oysters presented a biphasic response: initially (phase I), heart rate increased (9.83 ± 0.98 BPM), and consequently the R-R and P-Q intervals decreased (5.86 ± 2.01 s e 1.91 ± 0.13 s, respectively); in phase II, heart rate (3.68 ± 0.82 BPM) and spectral power (21.26 ± 5.44 mV2/Hz x 10-3) decreased and consequently, the R-R interval increased (14.83 ± 2.92 s). But, the P-Q interval remained (2.45 ± 0.65 s) in phase II. The QRS complex of oysters in both phases decreased (Phase I: 0.57 ± 0.13 s; Phase II: 0.62 ± 0.05 s) compared to the immersion exposure condition (0.79 ± 0.09 s). We conclude that air exposure affected cardiac function in C. gasar leading to arrhythmia in response to the beginning of air exposure, as a means of maintaining oxygen supply, followed by bradycardia to decrease metabolism as a survival strategy. The basal responses of the mangrove oyster in the physiological modulation against the environmental factors of the tidal regime provide information about the species for possible application as model organisms in studies of toxicological evaluation of chemical products and in conservation and sustainability studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Sofia Cardoso de Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Aquática e Pesca, Núcleo de Ecologia Aquática e Pesca da Amazônia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil; Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisa em Monitoramento Ambiental Marinho, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Sildiane Martins Cantanhêde
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil; Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisa em Monitoramento Ambiental Marinho, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Moisés Hamoy
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Lílian Lund Amado
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Aquática e Pesca, Núcleo de Ecologia Aquática e Pesca da Amazônia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil; Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisa em Monitoramento Ambiental Marinho, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil.
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Nancollas SJ, Todgham AE. The influence of stochastic temperature fluctuations in shaping the physiological performance of the California mussel, Mytilus californianus. J Exp Biol 2022; 225:276100. [PMID: 35749162 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.243729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Climate change is forecasted to increase temperature variability and stochasticity. Most of our understanding of thermal physiology of intertidal organisms has come from laboratory experiments that acclimate organisms to submerged conditions and steady-state increases in temperatures. For organisms experiencing the ebb and flow of tides with unpredictable low tide aerial temperatures, the reliability of reported tolerances and thus predicted responses to climate change requires incorporation of environmental complexity into empirical studies. Using the mussel Mytilus californianus, our study examined how stochasticity of the thermal regime influences physiological performance. Mussels were acclimated to either submerged conditions or a tidal cycle that included either predictable, unpredictable or no thermal stress during daytime low tide. Physiological performance was measured through anaerobic metabolism, energy stores and cellular stress mechanisms just before low tide, and cardiac responses during a thermal ramp. Both air exposure and stochasticity of temperature change were important in determining thermal performance. Glycogen content was highest in the mussels from the unpredictable treatment, but there was no difference in the expression of heat shock proteins between thermal treatments, suggesting that mussels prioritise energy reserves to deal with unpredictable low tide conditions. Mussels exposed to fluctuating thermal regimes had lower gill anaerobic metabolism, which could reflect increased metabolic capacity. Our results suggest that while thermal magnitude plays an important role in shaping physiological performance, other key elements of the intertidal environment complexity such as stochasticity, thermal variability, and thermal history are also important considerations for determining how species will respond to climate warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Nancollas
- Department of Animal Science, University of California Davis, Davis, CA USA
| | - Anne E Todgham
- Department of Animal Science, University of California Davis, Davis, CA USA
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Oceanographic setting influences the prokaryotic community and metabolome in deep-sea sponges. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3356. [PMID: 35233042 PMCID: PMC8888554 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07292-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine sponges (phylum Porifera) are leading organisms for the discovery of bioactive compounds from nature. Their often rich and species-specific microbiota is hypothesised to be producing many of these compounds. Yet, environmental influences on the sponge-associated microbiota and bioactive compound production remain elusive. Here, we investigated the changes of microbiota and metabolomes in sponges along a depth range of 1232 m. Using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and untargeted metabolomics, we assessed prokaryotic and chemical diversities in three deep-sea sponge species: Geodia barretti, Stryphnus fortis, and Weberella bursa. Both prokaryotic communities and metabolome varied significantly with depth, which we hypothesized to be the effect of different water masses. Up to 35.5% of microbial ASVs (amplicon sequence variants) showed significant changes with depth while phylum-level composition of host microbiome remained unchanged. The metabolome varied with depth, with relative quantities of known bioactive compounds increasing or decreasing strongly. Other metabolites varying with depth were compatible solutes regulating osmolarity of the cells. Correlations between prokaryotic community and the bioactive compounds in G. barretti suggested members of Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, or an unclassified prokaryote as potential producers.
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Rock A, Wilcockson D, Last KS. Towards an Understanding of Circatidal Clocks. Front Physiol 2022; 13:830107. [PMID: 35283768 PMCID: PMC8914038 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.830107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian clocks are an intrinsic element of life that orchestrate appropriately timed daily physiological and behavioural rhythms entrained to the solar cycle, thereby conferring increased fitness. However, it is thought that the first archaic ‘proto-clocks’ evolved in ancient cyanobacteria in a marine environment, where the dominant time cues (zeitgebers) probably would have been lunar-driven and included tidal cycles. To date, non-circadian ‘marine clocks’ have been described with circatidal (~12.4 h), circasemilunar (~14.8 days), and circalunar (~29.5 days) periodicity, mostly studied in accessible but temporally complex intertidal habitats. In contrast to the well-described circadian clock, their molecular machinery is poorly understood, and fundamental mechanisms remain unclear. We propose that a multi-species approach is the most apposite strategy to resolve the divergence that arose from non-circadian clockwork forged in an evolutionary environment with multiple zeitgebers. We review circatidal clock models with a focus on intertidal organisms, for which robust behavioural, physiological, or genetic underpinnings have been explicated, and discuss their relative experimental merits. Developing a comprehensive mechanistic understanding of circatidal clocks should be a priority because it will ultimately contribute to a more holistic understanding of the origins and evolution of chronobiology itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Rock
- Department of Science, Scottish Association for Marine Science, Oban, United Kingdom
| | - David Wilcockson
- Institute of Biological, Environmental, and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: David Wilcockson,
| | - Kim S. Last
- Department of Science, Scottish Association for Marine Science, Oban, United Kingdom
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Untargeted Metabolomics Reveals a Complex Impact on Different Metabolic Pathways in Scallop Mimachlamys varia (Linnaeus, 1758) after Short-Term Exposure to Copper at Environmental Dose. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11120862. [PMID: 34940620 PMCID: PMC8703567 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11120862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ports are a good example of how coastal environments, gathering a set of diverse ecosystems, are subjected to pollution factors coming from human activities both on land and at sea. Among them, trace element as copper represents a major factor. Abundant in port ecosystem, copper is transported by runoff water and results from diverse port features (corrosion of structures, fuel, anti-fouling products, etc.). The variegated scallop Mimachlamys varia is common in the Atlantic port areas and is likely to be directly influenced by copper pollution, due to its sessile and filtering lifestyle. Thus, the aim of the present study is to investigate the disruption of the variegated scallop metabolism, under a short exposure (48 h) to a copper concentration frequently encountered in the waters of the largest marina in Europe (82 μg/L). For this, we chose a non-targeted metabolomic approach using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS), offering a high level of sensitivity and allowing the study without a priori of the entire metabolome. We described 28 metabolites clearly modulated by copper. They reflected the action of copper on several biological functions such as osmoregulation, oxidative stress, reproduction and energy metabolism.
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Marine dissolved organic matter: a vast and unexplored molecular space. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:7225-7239. [PMID: 34536106 PMCID: PMC8494709 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11489-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Marine dissolved organic matter (DOM) comprises a vast and unexplored molecular space. Most of it resided in the oceans for thousands of years. It is among the most diverse molecular mixtures known, consisting of millions of individual compounds. More than 1 Eg of this material exists on the planet. As such, it comprises a formidable source of natural products promising significant potential for new biotechnological purposes. Great emphasis has been placed on understanding the role of DOM in biogeochemical cycles and climate attenuation, its lifespan, interaction with microorganisms, as well as its molecular composition. Yet, probing DOM bioactivities is in its infancy, largely because it is technically challenging due to the chemical complexity of the material. It is of considerable interest to develop technologies capable to better discern DOM bioactivities. Modern screening technologies are opening new avenues allowing accelerated identification of bioactivities for small molecules from natural products. These methods diminish a priori the need for laborious chemical fractionation. We examine here the application of untargeted metabolomics and multiplexed high-throughput molecular-phenotypic screening techniques that are providing first insights on previously undetectable DOM bioactivities. Key points • Marine DOM is a vast, unexplored biotechnological resource. • Untargeted bioscreening approaches are emerging for natural product screening. • Perspectives for developing bioscreening platforms for marine DOM are discussed.
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Emersion and Relative Humidity Modulate Stress Response and Recovery Dynamics in Juvenile Mussels ( Perna canaliculus). Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11090580. [PMID: 34564395 PMCID: PMC8468153 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11090580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The early stages of intertidal mussels, including the green-lipped mussel, Perna canaliculus, face both direct and indirect environmental threats. Stressors may influence physiological status and, ultimately, survival. An understanding of the nature of stress experienced is critical to inform conservation and aquaculture efforts. Here, we investigated oxidative stress dynamics in juvenile P. canaliculus in relation to emersion duration (1–20 h) and relative humidity (RH, 29–98%) by quantifying oxidative damage (protein carbonyls, lipid hydroperoxides, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine) and enzymatic antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and reductase). Mussels held in low RH during emersion experienced severe water loss (>70%), high mortality (>80%) and increased oxidative damage (35–45% increase compared to control conditions), while mussels held at high RH were not impacted, even after 20 h of air exposure. Following re-immersion, reoxygenation stress resulted in further increases in damage markers in mussels that had experienced dryer emersion conditions; protective action of antioxidants increased steadily during the 10 h re-immersion period, apparently supporting a reduction in damage markers after 1–5 h of immersion. Clearly, conditions during emersion, as well as duration, substantially influence physiological performance and recovery of juvenile mussels. Successful recruitment to intertidal beds or survival in commercial aquaculture operations may be mediated by the nature of emersion stress experienced by these vulnerable juveniles.
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13
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Elowe C, Tomanek L. Circadian and circatidal rhythms of protein abundance in the California mussel (Mytilus californianus). Mol Ecol 2021; 30:5151-5163. [PMID: 34390513 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Coastal habitats fluctuate with the 12.4 h tidal and 24 h light/dark cycle to predictably alter conditions such as air exposure, temperature, and food availability. Intertidal sessile bivalves exhibit behavioral and physiological adjustments to minimize the challenges of this environment. We investigated a high-resolution time course of the changes in protein abundance in the gill tissue of the intertidal mussel Mytilus californianus in a simulated tidal environment of 12:12 h light:dark cycles and a matching 6:6 h high:low tide cycle within each 12 h period. Approximately 38% of detected proteins showed significant rhythms in their abundances, with diversity in the phases of rhythmic isoforms. The circadian rhythm was dominant in protein abundance changes, particularly with oxidative metabolism. A tidal cycle elicited changes within functional groups, including in cytoskeletal proteins, chaperones, and oxidative stress proteins. In addition to protein abundance changes, we found the possibility for post-translational modifications driving rhythms, including methylation, mitochondrial peptide processing (proteolysis), and acylation. Dynamic changes in the proteome across functional categories demonstrate the importance of the tidal environment in entraining cellular processes, confirming that differential expression studies should not assume a static baseline of cellular conditions in intertidal organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory Elowe
- California Polytechnic State University, Department of Biological Sciences Environmental Proteomics Laboratory, Grand Avenue San Luis Obispo, CA, USA
| | - Lars Tomanek
- California Polytechnic State University, Department of Biological Sciences Environmental Proteomics Laboratory, Grand Avenue San Luis Obispo, CA, USA
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14
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Kronberg J, Byrne JJ, Jansen J, Antczak P, Hines A, Bignell J, Katsiadaki I, Viant MR, Falciani F. Modeling the metabolic profile of Mytilus edulis reveals molecular signatures linked to gonadal development, sex and environmental site. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12882. [PMID: 34145300 PMCID: PMC8213754 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90494-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The monitoring of anthropogenic chemicals in the aquatic environment including their potential effects on aquatic organisms, is important for protecting life under water, a key sustainable development goal. In parallel with monitoring the concentrations of chemicals of concern, sentinel species are often used to investigate the biological effects of contaminants. Among these, bivalve molluscs such as mussels are filter-feeding and sessile, hence an excellent model system for measuring localized pollution. This study investigates the relationship between the metabolic state of the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) and its physiology in different environments. We developed a computational model based on a reference site (relatively unpolluted) and integrated seasonal dynamics of metabolite relative concentrations with key physiological indicators and environmental parameters. The analysis of the model revealed that changes in metabolite levels during an annual cycle are influenced by water temperature and are linked to gonadal development. This work supports the importance of data-driven biology and its potential in environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaanika Kronberg
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK.,Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, 51010, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jonathan J Byrne
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | | | - Philipp Antczak
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK
| | - Adam Hines
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - John Bignell
- Centre for Environment Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), The North, Barrack Road, Weymouth, Dorset, DT4 8UB, UK
| | - Ioanna Katsiadaki
- Centre for Environment Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), The North, Barrack Road, Weymouth, Dorset, DT4 8UB, UK
| | - Mark R Viant
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Francesco Falciani
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK.
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15
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Sun X, Tu K, Li L, Wu B, Wu L, Liu Z, Zhou L, Tian J, Yang A. Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis reveals molecular responses of the clams to acute hypoxia. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 168:105317. [PMID: 33819872 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mudflat shellfish have evolved well-adapted strategies for coping with dynamic environmental fluxes and stressful conditions, including oxygen availability. The Manila clams Ruditapes philippinarum are worldwide cultured shellfish in marine intertidal zone, which usually encounter great risk of acute hypoxia exposure in coastal habitats. To reveal the effects of acute hypoxia on metabolic changes of the clams, we performed the integrated analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics to investigate the global changes of genes and metabolites during acute hypoxia stress at the whole-organism level. The comparative transcriptome analysis reveals that the clams show the remarkable depression in a variety of biological performance, such as metabolic rates, neuronal activity, biomineralization activity, and cell proliferation and differentiation at the hypoxic condition. The metabolomic analysis reveals that amino acid metabolism plays a critical role in the metabolic changes of the clams in response to acute hypoxia. A variety of free amino acids may not only be served as the potential osmolytes for osmotic regulation, but also may contribute to energy production during the acute hypoxia exposure. The metabolite analysis also reveals several important biomarkers for metabolic changes, and provides new insights into how clams deal with acute hypoxia. These findings suggest that clams may get through acute hypoxia stress by the adaptive metabolic strategy to survive short-period of acute hypoxia which is likely to occur in their typical habitat. The present findings will not only shed lights on the molecular and metabolic mechanisms of adaptive strategies under stressful conditions, but also provide the signaling metabolites to assess the physiological states of clams in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujun Sun
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Kang Tu
- Putian Institute of Aquaculture Science of Fujian Province, Putian, 351100, China
| | - Li Li
- Marine Biology Institute of Shandong Province, Qingdao, 266104, China
| | - Biao Wu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China; Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Zhihong Liu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Liqing Zhou
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jiteng Tian
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Aiguo Yang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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16
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Ory P, Hamani V, Bodet PE, Murillo L, Graber M. The variegated scallop, Mimachlamys varia, undergoes alterations in several of its metabolic pathways under short-term zinc exposure. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2020; 37:100779. [PMID: 33360397 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2020.100779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The variegated scallop (Mimachlamys varia) is a filter feeder bivalve encountered in marine regions of the Atlantic coast. In particular, it is present in the La Rochelle marina (France), where it is used for the biomonitoring of marine pollution, due to its ability to strongly bioaccumulate pollutants. In this semi-closed environment, contamination generated by port activities leads to an accumulation of both organic and metal pollutants. Zinc is one of these pollutants, present at a dose of up to 150 μg.L-1. This study investigated the effects of 48 h zinc exposure upon the metabolic profiles of Mimachlamys varia using UHPLC/QToF (ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight) tandem mass spectrometry metabolomics. After acclimation in mesocosms recreating in situ conditions, both controls and exposed with Zn2+ (150 μg.L-1) bivalves were dissected to recover the gills after 48 h and stored at -80 °C before metabolites extraction. UHPLC/QToF tandem mass spectrometry was performed to study metabolite composition of samples. Statistical analysis of results using multivariate techniques showed a good classification between control and exposed groups. Eleven identified metabolites were found to be down-modulated in exposed scallops. These variations could reflect potential zinc effects on several of the biological processes, such as energy metabolism, osmoregulation and defense against oxidative stress. Among the eleven metabolites highlighted, four were reported for the first time in an aquatic organism exposed to Zn. This study demonstrates once again the diversity of interactions between bivalves and metals and the complexity of the physiological response of marine bivalves to pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ory
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMR 7266, CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, F-17042 La Rochelle Cedex 01, France
| | - V Hamani
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMR 7266, CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, F-17042 La Rochelle Cedex 01, France
| | - P-E Bodet
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMR 7266, CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, F-17042 La Rochelle Cedex 01, France
| | - L Murillo
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMR 7266, CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, F-17042 La Rochelle Cedex 01, France
| | - M Graber
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMR 7266, CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, F-17042 La Rochelle Cedex 01, France.
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17
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Feidantsis K, Giantsis IA, Vratsistas A, Makri S, Pappa AZ, Drosopoulou E, Anestis A, Mavridou E, Exadactylos A, Vafidis D, Michaelidis B. Correlation between intermediary metabolism, Hsp gene expression, and oxidative stress-related proteins in long-term thermal-stressed Mytilus galloprovincialis. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2020; 319:R264-R281. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00066.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Long-term exposure of Mytilus galloprovincialis to temperatures beyond 26°C triggers mussel mortality. The present study aimed to integratively illustrate the correlation between intermediary metabolism, hsp gene expression, and oxidative stress-related proteins in long-term thermally stressed Mytilus galloprovincialis and whether they are affected by thermal stress magnitude and duration. We accordingly evaluated the gene expression profiles, in the posterior adductor muscle (PAM) and the mantle, concerning heat shock protein 70 and 90 ( hsp70 and hsp90), and the antioxidant defense indicators Mn-SOD, Cu/Zn-SOD, catalase, glutathione S-transferase, and the metallothioneins mt-10 and mt-20. Moreover, we determined antioxidant enzyme activities, oxidative stress through lipid peroxidation, and activities of intermediary metabolism enzymes. The pattern of changes in relative mRNA expression levels indicate that mussels are able to sense thermal stress even when exposed to 22°C and before mussel mortality is initiated. Data indicate a close correlation between the magnitude and duration of thermal stress with lipid peroxidation levels and changes in the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the enzymes of intermediary metabolism. The gene expression and increase in the activities of antioxidant enzymes support a scenario, according to which exposure to 24°C might trigger reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which is closely correlated with anaerobic metabolism under hypometabolic conditions. Increase and maintenance of oxidative stress in conjunction with energy balance disturbance seem to trigger mussel mortality after long-term exposure at temperatures beyond 26°C. Eventually, in the context of preparation for oxidative stress, certain hypotheses and models are suggested, integrating the several steps of cellular stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Feidantsis
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis A. Giantsis
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Western Macedonia, Florina, Greece
| | - Andreas Vratsistas
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stavroula Makri
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Athanasia-Zoi Pappa
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Elena Drosopoulou
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Andreas Anestis
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Division of Biological Sciences and Preventive Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evangelia Mavridou
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Athanasios Exadactylos
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Vafidis
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Basile Michaelidis
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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18
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Mat AM, Sarrazin J, Markov GV, Apremont V, Dubreuil C, Eché C, Fabioux C, Klopp C, Sarradin PM, Tanguy A, Huvet A, Matabos M. Biological rhythms in the deep-sea hydrothermal mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3454. [PMID: 32651383 PMCID: PMC7351958 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17284-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological rhythms are a fundamental property of life. The deep ocean covers 66% of our planet surface and is one of the largest biomes. The deep sea has long been considered as an arrhythmic environment because sunlight is totally absent below 1,000 m depth. In the present study, we have sequenced the temporal transcriptomes of a deep-sea species, the ecosystem-structuring vent mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus. We reveal that tidal cycles predominate in the transcriptome and physiology of mussels fixed directly at hydrothermal vents at 1,688 m depth at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, whereas daily cycles prevail in mussels sampled after laboratory acclimation. We identify B. azoricus canonical circadian clock genes, and show that oscillations observed in deep-sea mussels could be either a direct response to environmental stimulus, or be driven endogenously by one or more biological clocks. This work generates in situ insights into temporal organisation in a deep-sea organism. Little is known about gene expression of organisms in the deep sea, partially owing to constraints on sampling these organisms in situ. Here the authors circumvent this problem, fixing tissue of a deep-sea mussel at 1,688 m in depth, and later analyzing transcriptomes to reveal gene expression patterns showing tidal oscillations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey M Mat
- Univ Brest, Ifremer, CNRS, IRD, LEMAR, F-29280, Plouzané, France. .,Ifremer, EEP, F-29280, Plouzané, France.
| | | | - Gabriel V Markov
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), 29680, Roscoff, France
| | - Vincent Apremont
- Univ Brest, Ifremer, CNRS, IRD, LEMAR, F-29280, Plouzané, France.,Ifremer, EEP, F-29280, Plouzané, France
| | | | - Camille Eché
- GeT-PlaGe, Genotoul, INRA Auzeville, Auzeville, France
| | - Caroline Fabioux
- Univ Brest, Ifremer, CNRS, IRD, LEMAR, F-29280, Plouzané, France
| | | | | | - Arnaud Tanguy
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin, Team ABICE, Station Biologique de Roscoff, 29680, Roscoff, France
| | - Arnaud Huvet
- Univ Brest, Ifremer, CNRS, IRD, LEMAR, F-29280, Plouzané, France
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19
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Collins CL, Burnett NP, Ramsey MJ, Wagner K, Zippay ML. Physiological responses to heat stress in an invasive mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis depend on tidal habitat. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 154:104849. [PMID: 32056704 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2019.104849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mussels are ecologically important organisms that can survive in subtidal and intertidal zones where they experience thermal stress. We know little about how mussels from different tidal habitats respond to thermal stress. We used the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis from separate subtidal and intertidal populations to test whether heart rate and indicators of potential aerobic (citrate synthase activity) and anaerobic (cytosolic malate dehydrogenase activity) metabolic capacity are affected by increased temperatures while exposed to air or submerged in water. Subtidal mussels were affected by warming when submerged in water (decreased heart rate) but showed no effect in air. In contrast, intertidal mussels were affected by exposure to air (increased anaerobic capacity) but not by warming. Overall, physiological responses of mussels to thermal stress were dependent on their tidal habitat. These results highlight the importance of considering the natural habitat of mussels when assessing their responses to environmental challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina L Collins
- Department of Biology, Sonoma State University, 1801 East Cotati Avenue, Rohnert Park, CA, 94928, USA
| | - Nicholas P Burnett
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Matthew J Ramsey
- Department of Biology, Sonoma State University, 1801 East Cotati Avenue, Rohnert Park, CA, 94928, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Wagner
- Department of Biology, Sonoma State University, 1801 East Cotati Avenue, Rohnert Park, CA, 94928, USA
| | - Mackenzie L Zippay
- Department of Biology, Sonoma State University, 1801 East Cotati Avenue, Rohnert Park, CA, 94928, USA.
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20
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Somero GN. The cellular stress response and temperature: Function, regulation, and evolution. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART 2020; 333:379-397. [PMID: 31944627 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The cellular stress response (CSR) is critical for enabling organisms to cope with thermal damage to proteins, nucleic acids, and membranes. It is a graded response whose properties vary with the degree of cellular damage. Molecular damage has positive, as well as negative, function-perturbing effects. Positive effects include crucial regulatory interactions that orchestrate involvement of the different components of the CSR. Thermally unfolded proteins signal for rapid initiation of transcription of genes encoding heat shock proteins (HSPs), central elements of the heat shock response (HSR). Thermal disruption of messenger RNA (mRNA) secondary structures in untranslated regions leads to the culling of the mRNA pool: thermally labile mRNAs for housekeeping proteins are degraded by exonucleases; heat-resistant mRNAs for stress proteins like HSPs then can monopolize the translational apparatus. Thus, proteins and RNA function as "cellular thermometers," and evolved differences in their thermal stabilities enable rapid initiation of the CSR whenever cell temperature rises significantly above the normal thermal range of a species. Covalent DNA damage, which may result from increased production of reactive oxygen species, is temperature-dependent; its extent may determine cellular survival. High levels of stress that exceed capacities for molecular repair can lead to proteolysis, inhibition of cell division, and programmed cell death (apoptosis). Onset of these processes may occur later in the stress period, after initiation of the HSR, to allow HSPs opportunity to restore protein homeostasis. Delay of these energy costly processes may also result from shortfalls in availability of adenosine triphosphate and reducing power during times of peak stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- George N Somero
- Department of Biology, Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, California
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21
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Circatidal gene expression in the mangrove cricket Apteronemobius asahinai. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3719. [PMID: 30842498 PMCID: PMC6403293 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40197-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The mangrove cricket Apteronemobius asahinai is endemic to mangrove forest floors. It shows circatidal rhythmicity, with a 12.6-h period of locomotor activity under constant conditions. Its free-running activity also has a circadian component; i.e. it is more active during the subjective night than during the day. In this study, we investigated rhythmic gene expression under constant darkness by RNA sequencing to identify genes controlled by the biological clock. Samples collected every 3 h for 48 h were analysed (one cricket per time-point). We identified 284 significant circatidal cycling transcripts (period length 12–15 h). Almost half of them were annotated with known genes in the NCBI nr database, including enzymes related to metabolic processes and molecular chaperones. There were less transcripts with circadian rhythmicity than with circatidal rhythmicity, and the expression of core circadian clock genes did not show significant rhythmicity. This may reflect the nature of the mangrove cricket or may be due to the paucity of the sampling repeats: only two periods for circadian cycle with no replications. We evaluated for the first time the rhythmic transcriptome of an insect that shows circatidal rhythmic activity; our findings will contribute to future studies of circatidal clock genes.
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22
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Metabolomics based on UHPLC-QToF- and APGC-QToF-MS reveals metabolic pathways reprogramming in response to tidal cycles in the sub-littoral species Mimachlamys varia exposed to aerial emergence. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2019; 29:74-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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23
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Mangan S, Wilson RW, Findlay HS, Lewis C. Acid-base physiology over tidal periods in the mussel Mytilus edulis: size and temperature are more influential than seawater pH. Proc Biol Sci 2019; 286:20182863. [PMID: 30963828 PMCID: PMC6408882 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2018.2863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocean acidification (OA) studies to date have typically used stable open-ocean pH and CO2 values to predict the physiological responses of intertidal species to future climate scenarios, with few studies accounting for natural fluctuations of abiotic conditions or the alternating periods of emersion and immersion routinely experienced during tidal cycles. Here, we determine seawater carbonate chemistry and the corresponding in situ haemolymph acid-base responses over real time for two populations of mussel ( Mytilus edulis) during tidal cycles, demonstrating that intertidal mussels experience daily acidosis during emersion. Using these field data to parameterize experimental work we demonstrate that air temperature and mussel size strongly influence this acidosis, with larger mussels at higher temperatures experiencing greater acidosis. There was a small interactive effect of prior immersion in OA conditions (pHNBS 7.7/pCO2 930 µatm) such that the haemolymph pH measured at the start of emersion was lower in large mussels exposed to OA. Critically, the acidosis induced in mussels during emersion in situ was greater (ΔpH approximately 0.8 units) than that induced by experimental OA (ΔpH approximately 0.1 units). Understanding how environmental fluctuations influence physiology under current scenarios is critical to our ability to predict the responses of key marine biota to future environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Mangan
- Biosciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope Building, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, West Hoe, Plymouth PL1 3DH, UK
| | - Rod W. Wilson
- Biosciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope Building, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Helen S. Findlay
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, West Hoe, Plymouth PL1 3DH, UK
| | - Ceri Lewis
- Biosciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope Building, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
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24
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Gleason LU, Miller LP, Winnikoff JR, Somero GN, Yancey PH, Bratz D, Dowd WW. Thermal history and gape of individual Mytilus californianus correlate with oxidative damage and thermoprotective osmolytes. J Exp Biol 2017; 220:4292-4304. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.168450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The ability of animals to cope with environmental stress depends – in part – on past experience, yet knowledge of the factors influencing an individual's physiology in nature remains underdeveloped. We used an individual monitoring system to record body temperature and valve gaping behavior of rocky intertidal zone mussels (Mytilus californianus). Thirty individuals were selected from two mussel beds (wave-exposed and wave-protected) that differ in thermal regime. Instrumented mussels were deployed at two intertidal heights (near the lower and upper edges of the mussel zone) and in a continuously submerged tidepool. Following a 23-day monitoring period, measures of oxidative damage to DNA and lipids, antioxidant capacities (catalase activity and peroxyl radical scavenging) and tissue contents of organic osmolytes were obtained from gill tissue of each individual. Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that inter-individual variation in cumulative thermal stress is a predominant driver of physiological variation. Thermal history over the outplant period was positively correlated with oxidative DNA damage. Thermal history was also positively correlated with tissue contents of taurine, a thermoprotectant osmolyte, and with activity of the antioxidant enzyme catalase. Origin site differences, possibly indicative of developmental plasticity, were only significant for catalase activity. Gaping behavior was positively correlated with tissue contents of two osmolytes. Overall, these results are some of the first to clearly demonstrate relationships between inter-individual variation in recent experience in the field and inter-individual physiological variation, in this case within mussel beds. Such micro-scale, environmentally mediated physiological differences should be considered in attempts to forecast biological responses to a changing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lani U. Gleason
- Loyola Marymount University, Department of Biology, 1 LMU Drive, Los Angeles, CA 90045, USA
| | - Luke P. Miller
- San Jose State University, Department of Biological Sciences, One Washington Square, San Jose, CA 95192, USA
| | - Jacob R. Winnikoff
- Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University, 120 Oceanview Boulevard, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA
| | - George N. Somero
- Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University, 120 Oceanview Boulevard, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA
| | - Paul H. Yancey
- Whitman College, Biology Department, 345 Boyer Avenue, Walla Walla, WA 99362, USA
| | - Dylan Bratz
- Whitman College, Biology Department, 345 Boyer Avenue, Walla Walla, WA 99362, USA
| | - W. Wesley Dowd
- Loyola Marymount University, Department of Biology, 1 LMU Drive, Los Angeles, CA 90045, USA
- Washington State University, School of Biological Sciences, PO Box 644236, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
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25
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Bible JM, Cheng BS, Chang AL, Ferner MC, Wasson K, Zabin CJ, Latta M, Sanford E, Deck A, Grosholz ED. Timing of stressors alters interactive effects on a coastal foundation species. Ecology 2017; 98:2468-2478. [PMID: 28653399 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.1943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The effects of climate-driven stressors on organismal performance and ecosystem functioning have been investigated across many systems; however, manipulative experiments generally apply stressors as constant and simultaneous treatments, rather than accurately reflecting temporal patterns in the natural environment. Here, we assessed the effects of temporal patterns of high aerial temperature and low salinity on survival of Olympia oysters (Ostrea lurida), a foundation species of conservation and restoration concern. As single stressors, low salinity (5 and 10 psu) and the highest air temperature (40°C) resulted in oyster mortality of 55.8, 11.3, and 23.5%, respectively. When applied on the same day, low salinity and high air temperature had synergistic negative effects that increased oyster mortality. This was true even for stressor levels that were relatively mild when applied alone (10 psu and 35°C). However, recovery times of two or four weeks between stressors eliminated the synergistic effects. Given that most natural systems threatened by climate change are subject to multiple stressors that vary in the timing of their occurrence, our results suggest that it is important to examine temporal variation of stressors in order to more accurately understand the possible biological responses to global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian M Bible
- Bodega Marine Laboratory, 2099 Westshore Road, Bodega Bay, California, 94923, USA.,Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California, 95616, USA
| | - Brian S Cheng
- Bodega Marine Laboratory, 2099 Westshore Road, Bodega Bay, California, 94923, USA.,Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California, 95616, USA
| | - Andrew L Chang
- San Francisco Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, San Francisco State University, 3152 Paradise Drive, Tiburon, California, 94920, USA.,Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, 3152 Paradise Drive, Tiburon, California, 94920, USA
| | - Matthew C Ferner
- San Francisco Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, San Francisco State University, 3152 Paradise Drive, Tiburon, California, 94920, USA
| | - Kerstin Wasson
- Elkhorn Slough National Estuarine Research Reserve, 1700 Elkhorn Road, Watsonville, California, 95076, USA
| | - Chela J Zabin
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California, 95616, USA.,Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, 3152 Paradise Drive, Tiburon, California, 94920, USA
| | - Marilyn Latta
- California State Coastal Conservancy, 1515 Clay Street, Oakland, California, 94612, USA
| | - Eric Sanford
- Bodega Marine Laboratory, 2099 Westshore Road, Bodega Bay, California, 94923, USA.,Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California, 95616, USA
| | - Anna Deck
- San Francisco Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, San Francisco State University, 3152 Paradise Drive, Tiburon, California, 94920, USA
| | - Edwin D Grosholz
- Bodega Marine Laboratory, 2099 Westshore Road, Bodega Bay, California, 94923, USA.,Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California, 95616, USA
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26
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Gracey AY, Connor K. Transcriptional and metabolomic characterization of spontaneous metabolic cycles in Mytilus californianus under subtidal conditions. Mar Genomics 2016; 30:35-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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27
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Stefano GB, Kream RM. Glycolytic Coupling to Mitochondrial Energy Production Ensures Survival in an Oxygen Rich Environment. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:2571-5. [PMID: 27439008 PMCID: PMC4957629 DOI: 10.12659/msm.899610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrion exhibits biochemical and functional variations that emerged by random chance as an evolutionary survival strategy, which include enhanced energy production driven by anaerobic respiratory mechanisms. In invertebrates, this mitochondrial anaerobic respiration permits survival at a lower energy state suited for this type of environment while yielding more ATP than by glycolysis alone. This ability provides a protective existential advantage in naturally occurring hypoxic environments via diminished free radical generation. In the blue mussel Mytilus edulis and other marine organisms, a functionally active mitochondrial anaerobic respiratory mechanism tailored to hypoxic conditions reflects an evolutionary adaptation/reworking of ancient metabolic pathways. Components of these pathways were also discovered and characterized as metabolic intermediates in plant parasites, specifically crown gall tumors. Mechanistic similarities between anaerobically functioning mitochondria in M. edulis and crown gall tissues and metabolic processes in human tumors are known to occur, demonstrating commonalities in diverse life energy processes. Furthermore, cytoplasmic glycolytic processes are now shown also to exhibit a dynamic capacity for enhanced energy generation by increasing its efficiency in hypoxic environments, making it equally dynamic in meeting its cellular survival goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- George B Stefano
- Department of Research, MitoGenetics Research Institute, Farmingdale, NY, USA
| | - Richard M Kream
- Department of Research, MitoGenetics Research Institute, Farmingdale, NY, USA
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28
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Leiva FP, Niklitschek EJ, Paschke K, Gebauer P, Urbina MA. Tide-related biological rhythm in the oxygen consumption rate of ghost shrimp (Neotrypaea uncinata). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 219:1957-60. [PMID: 27099365 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.133785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The effects of tidal height (high and low), acclimation to laboratory conditions (days in captivity) and oxygen level (hypoxia and normoxia) were evaluated in the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) of the ghost shrimp Neotrypaea uncinata We evaluated the hypothesis that N. uncinata reduces its OCR during low tide and increases it during high tide, regardless of oxygen level or acclimation. Additionally, the existence of an endogenous rhythm in OCR was explored, and we examined whether it synchronized with tidal, diurnal or semidiurnal cycles. Unexpectedly, high OCRs were observed at low tide, during normoxia, in non-acclimated animals. Results from a second, longer experiment under normoxic conditions suggested the presence of a tide-related metabolic rhythm, a response pattern not yet demonstrated for a burrowing decapod. Although rhythms persisted for only 2 days after capture, their period of 12.8 h closely matched the semidiurnal tidal cycle that ghost shrimp confront inside their burrows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix P Leiva
- Centro i∼mar, Universidad de Los Lagos, Puerto Montt 5502764, Chile Instituto de Acuicultura, Universidad Austral de Chile, Puerto Montt, Casilla 1327, Chile
| | | | - Kurt Paschke
- Instituto de Acuicultura, Universidad Austral de Chile, Puerto Montt, Casilla 1327, Chile
| | - Paulina Gebauer
- Centro i∼mar, Universidad de Los Lagos, Puerto Montt 5502764, Chile
| | - Mauricio A Urbina
- Department of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile
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Abstract
The primacy of glucose derived from photosynthesis as an existential source of chemical energy across plant and animal phyla is universally accepted as a core principle in the biological sciences. In mammalian cells, initial processing of glucose to triose phosphate intermediates takes place within the cytosolic glycolytic pathway and terminates with temporal transport of reducing equivalents derived from pyruvate metabolism by membrane-associated respiratory complexes in the mitochondrial matrix. The intra-mitochondrial availability of molecular oxygen as the ultimate electron acceptor drives the evolutionary fashioned chemiosmotic production of ATP as a high-efficiency biological process. The mechanistic bases of carcinogenesis have demonstrated profound alteration of normative mitochondrial function, notably dysregulated respiratory processes. Accordingly, the classic Warburg effect functionally links aerobic glycolysis, aberrant production and release of lactate, and metabolic down-regulation of mitochondrial oxidative processes with the carcinogenetic phenotype. We surmise, however, that aerobic fermentation by cancer cells may also represent a developmental re-emergence of an evolutionarily conserved early phenotype, which was “sidelined” with the emergence of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation as a primary mechanism for ATP production in normal cells. Regardless of state-dependent physiological status in mixed populations of cancer cells, it has been established that mitochondria are functionally linked to the initiation of cancer and its progression. Biochemical, molecular, and physiological differences in cancer cell mitochondria, notably mtDNA heteroplasmy and allele-specific expression of selected nuclear genes, may represent major focal points for novel targeting and elimination of cancer cells in metastatic disease afflicting human populations. To date, and despite considerable research efforts, the practical realization of advanced mitochondrial targeted therapies has not been forthcoming.
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30
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Dowd WW, King FA, Denny MW. Thermal variation, thermal extremes and the physiological performance of individuals. J Exp Biol 2015; 218:1956-67. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.114926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
In this review we consider how small-scale temporal and spatial variation in body temperature, and biochemical/physiological variation among individuals, affect the prediction of organisms' performance in nature. For ‘normal’ body temperatures – benign temperatures near the species' mean – thermal biology traditionally uses performance curves to describe how physiological capabilities vary with temperature. However, these curves, which are typically measured under static laboratory conditions, can yield incomplete or inaccurate predictions of how organisms respond to natural patterns of temperature variation. For example, scale transition theory predicts that, in a variable environment, peak average performance is lower and occurs at a lower mean temperature than the peak of statically measured performance. We also demonstrate that temporal variation in performance is minimized near this new ‘optimal’ temperature. These factors add complexity to predictions of the consequences of climate change. We then move beyond the performance curve approach to consider the effects of rare, extreme temperatures. A statistical procedure (the environmental bootstrap) allows for long-term simulations that capture the temporal pattern of extremes (a Poisson interval distribution), which is characterized by clusters of events interspersed with long intervals of benign conditions. The bootstrap can be combined with biophysical models to incorporate temporal, spatial and physiological variation into evolutionary models of thermal tolerance. We conclude with several challenges that must be overcome to more fully develop our understanding of thermal performance in the context of a changing climate by explicitly considering different forms of small-scale variation. These challenges highlight the need to empirically and rigorously test existing theories.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Wesley Dowd
- Loyola Marymount University, Department of Biology, Los Angeles, CA 90045, USA
| | - Felicia A. King
- Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA
| | - Mark W. Denny
- Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA
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31
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Lockwood BL, Connor KM, Gracey AY. The environmentally tuned transcriptomes of Mytilus mussels. J Exp Biol 2015; 218:1822-33. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.118190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Transcriptomics is a powerful tool for elucidating the molecular mechanisms that underlie the ability of organisms to survive and thrive in dynamic and changing environments. Here, we review the major contributions in this field, and we focus on studies of mussels in the genus Mytilus, which are well-established models for the study of ecological physiology in fluctuating environments. Our review is organized into four main sections. First, we illustrate how the abiotic forces of the intertidal environment drive the rhythmic coupling of gene expression to diel and tidal cycles in Mytilus californianus. Second, we discuss the challenges and pitfalls of conducting transcriptomic studies in field-acclimatized animals. Third, we examine the link between transcriptomic responses to environmental stress and biogeographic distributions in blue mussels, Mytilus trossulus and Mytilus galloprovincialis. Fourth, we present a comparison of transcriptomic datasets and identify 175 genes that share common responses to heat stress across Mytilus species. Taken together, these studies demonstrate that transcriptomics can provide an informative snapshot of the physiological state of an organism within an environmental context. In a comparative framework, transcriptomics can reveal how natural selection has shaped patterns of transcriptional regulation that may ultimately influence biogeography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent L. Lockwood
- Department of Biology, University of Vermont, 120 Marsh Life Science, 109 Carrigan Drive, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Kwasi M. Connor
- Marine Environmental Biology, University of Southern California, 3616 Trousdale Pkwy, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Andrew Y. Gracey
- Marine Environmental Biology, University of Southern California, 3616 Trousdale Pkwy, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
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32
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Canesi L. Pro-oxidant and antioxidant processes in aquatic invertebrates. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2014; 1340:1-7. [DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Canesi
- Department of Earth; Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV); University of Genoa; Genoa Italy
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33
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Zhang S, Han GD, Dong YW. Temporal patterns of cardiac performance and genes encoding heat shock proteins and metabolic sensors of an intertidal limpet Cellana toreuma during sublethal heat stress. J Therm Biol 2014; 41:31-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2014.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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34
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Mohamed B, Hajer A, Susanna S, Caterina O, Flavio M, Hamadi B, Aldo V. Transcriptomic responses to heat stress and nickel in the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 148:104-112. [PMID: 24468838 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Revised: 12/31/2013] [Accepted: 01/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The exposure of marine organisms to stressing agents may affect the level and pattern of gene expression. Although many studies have examined the ecological effects of heat stress on mussels, little is known about the physiological mechanisms that maybe affected by co-exposure to heat stress and environmental contaminants such as nickel (Ni). In the present work, we investigated the effects of simultaneous changes in temperature and Ni supply on lysosomal membrane stability (LMS) and malondialdehyde accumulation (MDA) in the digestive gland (DG) of the blue mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lam.). To elucidate how the molecular response to environmental stressors is modulated, we employed a cDNA microarray with 1673 sequences to measure relative transcript abundances in the DG of mussels exposed to Ni along with a temperature increase. A two-way ANOVA revealed that temperature and Ni rendered additive effects on LMS and MDA accumulation, increasing the toxic effects of metal cations. Ni loads in the DG were also affected by co-exposure to 26°C. In animals exposed only to heat stress, functional genomics analysis of the microarray data (171 differentially expressed genes (DEGs)) highlighted seven biological processes, largely dominated by the up-regulation of folding protein-related genes and the down-regulation of genes involved in cell migration and cellular component assembly. Exposure to Ni at 18°C and 26°C yielded 188 and 262 DEGs, respectively, exhibiting distinct patterns in terms of biological processes. In particular, the response of mussels exposed to Ni at 26°C was characterized by the up-regulation of proteolysis, ribosome biogenesis, response to unfolded proteins, and catabolic-related genes, as well as the down-regulation of genes encoding cellular metabolic processes. Our data provide new insights into the transcriptomic response in mussels experiencing temperature increases and Ni exposure; these data should be carefully considered in view of the biological effects of heat stress, particularly in polluted areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banni Mohamed
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale Vercelli Novara Alessandria, Via Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, ISA, Chott-Mariem, 4042 Sousse, Tunisia.
| | - Attig Hajer
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, ISA, Chott-Mariem, 4042 Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Sforzini Susanna
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale Vercelli Novara Alessandria, Via Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Oliveri Caterina
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale Vercelli Novara Alessandria, Via Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Mignone Flavio
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale Vercelli Novara Alessandria, Via Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Boussetta Hamadi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, ISA, Chott-Mariem, 4042 Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Viarengo Aldo
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale Vercelli Novara Alessandria, Via Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
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35
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Sokolova IM. Energy-Limited Tolerance to Stress as a Conceptual Framework to Integrate the Effects of Multiple Stressors. Integr Comp Biol 2013; 53:597-608. [DOI: 10.1093/icb/ict028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 333] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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36
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Tomanek L. Environmental proteomics of the mussel Mytilus: implications for tolerance to stress and change in limits of biogeographic ranges in response to climate change. Integr Comp Biol 2012; 52:648-64. [PMID: 22966064 DOI: 10.1093/icb/ics114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change will affect temperature extremes and averages, and hyposaline conditions in coastal areas due to extreme precipitation events and oceanic pH. How climate change will push species close to, or beyond, their physiological tolerance limits as well as change the limits of their biogeographic ranges can probably be investigated best in species that have already responded to climate change and whose distribution ranges are currently in flux. Blue mussels provide such a study system, with the invading warm-adapted Mediterranean Mytilus galloprovincialis having replaced the native more cold-adapted Mytilus trossulus from the southern part of its range in southern California over the past century, possibly due to climate change. However, freshwater input may prevent the latter species from expanding further north. We used a proteomics approach to characterize the responses of the two congeners to acute heat stress, chronic thermal acclimation, and hyposaline stress. In addition, we investigated the proteomic changes in response to decreasing seawater pH in another bivalve, the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica. The results suggest that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a common costressor during environmental stress, including oceanic acidification, and possibly cause modifications of cytoskeletal elements. All stressors disrupted protein homeostasis, indicated by the induction of molecular chaperones and, in the case of acute heat stress, proteasome isoforms, possibly due both to protein denaturation directly by the stressor and to the production of ROS. Acute stress by heat and hyposalinity changed several small G-proteins implicated in cytoskeletal modifications and vesicular transport, respectively. Changes in abundance of proteins involved in energy metabolism and ROS scavenging further suggest a possible trade-off during acute and chronic stress from heat and cold between ROS-generating NADH-producing pathways and ROS-scavenging NADPH-producing pathways, especially through the reaction of NADPH-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase and the pentose-phosphate pathway. Some of the proteomic changes may not constitute de novo protein synthesis but rather shifts in abundance of isoforms differing in posttranslational modifications, specifically acetylation by a NAD-dependent deacetylase (sirtuin). Interspecific differences suggest that these processes set physiological tolerance limits and thereby contribute to recent biogeographic shifts in range, possibly caused by climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Tomanek
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Coastal Marine Science, Environmental Proteomics Laboratory, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407-0401, USA.
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37
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Goulitquer S, Potin P, Tonon T. Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics to elucidate functions in marine organisms and ecosystems. Mar Drugs 2012; 10:849-880. [PMID: 22690147 PMCID: PMC3366679 DOI: 10.3390/md10040849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Revised: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine systems are very diverse and recognized as being sources of a wide range of biomolecules. This review provides an overview of metabolite profiling based on mass spectrometry (MS) approaches in marine organisms and their environments, focusing on recent advances in the field. We also point out some of the technical challenges that need to be overcome in order to increase applications of metabolomics in marine systems, including extraction of chemical compounds from different matrices and data management. Metabolites being important links between genotype and phenotype, we describe added value provided by integration of data from metabolite profiling with other layers of omics, as well as their importance for the development of systems biology approaches in marine systems to study several biological processes, and to analyze interactions between organisms within communities. The growing importance of MS-based metabolomics in chemical ecology studies in marine ecosystems is also illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Goulitquer
- Plate-forme MetaboMER, CNRS & UPMC, FR2424, Station Biologique, 29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Philippe Potin
- UMR 7139 Marine Plants and Biomolecules, UPMC Univ Paris 6, Station Biologique, 29680 Roscoff, France; (P.P.); (T.T.)
- UMR 7139 Marine Plants and Biomolecules, CNRS, Station Biologique, 29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Thierry Tonon
- UMR 7139 Marine Plants and Biomolecules, UPMC Univ Paris 6, Station Biologique, 29680 Roscoff, France; (P.P.); (T.T.)
- UMR 7139 Marine Plants and Biomolecules, CNRS, Station Biologique, 29680 Roscoff, France
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