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Wu YF, Zhang DD, Liu SY, Luo HH, Jiang GM, Xu Y, Wu Y, Wang JJ, Liu FF, Samadli S, Wei W, Hu B, Hu P. C-Type Natriuretic Peptide Dampens Fibroblast Growth Factor-23 Expression Through MAPK Signaling Pathway in Human Mesangial Cells. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2018; 38:500-509. [PMID: 30335543 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2018.0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is believed to be produced locally in the kidneys and possess several renoprotective properties. In contrast, fibroblast growth factor (FGF) -23 elevates in the early stage of chronic kidney disease and predicts its outcomes. Currently, several studies have demonstrated that CNP and FGF-23 act through a close pathway, and moreover, FGF-23/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) can be obviously suppressed by CNP. In the present study, human mesangial cells (MCs) were incubated in serum-containing medium in the absence or presence of CNP (0, 10 and 100 pM) for 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. CNP administration significantly suppresses MCs proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner. As a down-stream signaling of CNP activation, the expressions of natriuretic peptide receptor (NPR)-B, cyclic guanosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinases II and NPR-C were obviously augmented, whereas neutral endopeptidase expression was significantly decreased after CNP treatment in MCs. FGF-23, FGF receptor-1 and RAF-1 experienced a pronounced down-regulation in MCs with different doses of CNP throughout the whole observational period. CNP may dampen FGF-23 expression via MAPK signaling pathway in MCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Fang Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Dong Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Si Yan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Huang Huang Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang Mei Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Jing Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Fei Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Sama Samadli
- Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei, People's Republic of China
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Luo HH, Wu C, Hu P, Wu YF, Zhang DD, Liu SY, Jiang GM, Xu Y, Wu Y, Wang JJ, Liu FF, Wei W, Hu B. Receptor signaling and neutral endopeptidase are involved in the resistance of C-type natriuretic peptide to human mesangial proliferation and collagen-IV expression. J Investig Med 2018; 66:1-9. [PMID: 29367254 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2017-000533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is regarded as a local, paracrine hormone to regulate vascular tone and cell proliferation. Although several in vivo studies have documented that CNP exerts the inhibitory effects on mesangial cells (MCs) proliferation and collagen production, a limited number of studies exist about the resistance of CNP to MCs proliferation in vitro. Besides, whether its receptor signaling and neutral endopeptidase (NEP) are involved remains unclear. In the present study, human MCs were incubated in serum-containing medium in the absence or presence of CNP (0, 10 and 100 pM) for 24, 48 and 72 hours, respectively. CNP administration significantly suppresses MCs proliferation and collagen-IV (Col-IV) expression in a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner. As a down-stream signal molecule of CNP activation, the expressions of natriuretic peptide receptor (NPR)-B, cyclic guanosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinases II and NPR-C were obviously augmented, whereas NEP expression was significantly decreased after CNP treatment. In conclusion, receptor signaling and NEP are involved in the resistance of CNP to human mesangial proliferation and Col-IV expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Huang Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Cheng Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Peng Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yang Fang Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Dong Dong Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Si Yan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Guang Mei Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yao Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jing Jing Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fei Fei Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Lim SY, Soh JW. Specific Isoforms of Protein Kinase G Downregulate the Transcription of Cyclin D1 in NIH3T3. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2013. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2013.34.4.1165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Wang S, Li Y. Expression of constitutively active cGMP-dependent protein kinase inhibits glucose-induced vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2009; 297:H2075-83. [PMID: 19717728 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00521.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we have demonstrated that cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) activity is downregulated in vessels from diabetic animals or in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) exposed to high-glucose conditions, contributing to diabetes-associated vessel dysfunction. However, whether decreased PKG activity plays a role in hyperglycemia-induced proliferation of VSMCs is unknown. In this report, high-glucose-mediated decreased PKG activity in VSMCs was restored by transfection of cells with expression vector for the catalytic domain of PKG-I (PKG-CD, constitutive active PKG). The effect of glucose on cell proliferation was determined. Our data demonstrated that high glucose exposure stimulated VSMC proliferation and G1 to S phase progression of the cell cycle, which was inhibited by restoration of PKG activity. Expression of constitutively active PKG inhibited G1 phase exit in VSMCs under high glucose conditions, which was accompanied by an inhibition of retinoblastoma protein (Rb) phosphorylation (a key switch for G1 to S phase cell cycle progression). Glucose-induced cyclin E expression and cyclin E-cyclin-dependent kinase 2 activity was also reduced by expression of PKG-CD in VSMCs. Moreover, expression of PKG-CD suppressed glucose-induced p27 degradation. These data demonstrate that restoring the high-glucose-mediated decrease in PKG activity in VSMCs inhibits glucose-induced abnormal VSMC proliferation occurring upstream of Rb phosphorylation. Our work provides the first direct evidence linking decreased PKG activity to high glucose-induced proliferation and cell cycle progression in VSMCs, suggesting that strategies to increase PKG activity might be useful in preventing abnormal VSMC proliferation in diabetic patients and might provide treatments for diabetes-associated proliferative vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxia Wang
- Graduate Center for Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Wethington Bldg, Rm. 517, 900 S. Limestone St, Lexington, KY, USA.
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Wang L, Gang Zhang Z, Lan Zhang R, Chopp M. Activation of the PI3-K/Akt pathway mediates cGMP enhanced-neurogenesis in the adult progenitor cells derived from the subventricular zone. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2005; 25:1150-8. [PMID: 15815584 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jcbfm.9600112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The intracellular mechanisms that regulate neurogenesis remain unclear. Using neurospheres isolated from the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the adult rat, we investigated the effect of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and its signaling pathway on the induction of neurogenesis. Neurospheres expressed phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) and treatment of neurospheres with Sildenafil, a specific inhibitor of PDE5, significantly increased cGMP levels and neurogenesis. In addition, incubation of neurospheres with Sildenafil significantly phosphorylated Akt, which was associated with an increase of phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3), a downstream target of Akt. Coincubation of neurospheres with Sildenafil and LY 294002, a pharmacological inhibitor of PI3-K/Akt, abolished Sildenafil-induced phosphorylated Akt and GSK-3. Furthermore, LY 294002 blocked Sildenafil-increased SVZ cell proliferation. These data suggest that Sildenafil-enhanced neurogenesis likely occurs through activation of the PI3-K/Akt/GSK-3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health Sciences Center, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
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Smolenski A, Schultess J, Danielewski O, Garcia Arguinzonis MI, Thalheimer P, Kneitz S, Walter U, Lohmann SM. Quantitative analysis of the cardiac fibroblast transcriptome-implications for NO/cGMP signaling. Genomics 2004; 83:577-87. [PMID: 15028281 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2003.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2003] [Accepted: 10/06/2003] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac fibroblasts regulate tissue repair and remodeling in the heart. To quantify transcript levels in these cells we performed a comprehensive gene expression study using serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE). Among 110,169 sequenced tags we could identify 30,507 unique transcripts. A comparison of SAGE data from cardiac fibroblasts with data derived from total mouse heart revealed a number of fibroblast-specific genes. Cardiac fibroblasts expressed a specific collection of collagens, matrix proteins and metalloproteinases, growth factors, and components of signaling pathways. The NO/cGMP signaling pathway was represented by the mRNAs for alpha(1) and beta(1) subunits of guanylyl cyclase, cGMP-dependent protein kinase type I (cGK I), and, interestingly, the G-kinase-anchoring protein GKAP42. The expression of cGK I was verified by RT-PCR and Western blot. To establish a functional role for cGK I in cardiac fibroblasts we studied its effect on cell proliferation. Selective activation of cGK I with a cGMP analog inhibited the proliferation of serum-stimulated cardiac fibroblasts, which express cGK I, but not higher passage fibroblasts, which contain no detectable cGK I. Currently, our data suggest that cGK I mediates the inhibitory effects of the NO/cGMP pathway on cardiac fibroblast growth. Furthermore the SAGE library of transcripts expressed in cardiac fibroblasts provides a basis for future investigations into the pathological regulatory mechanisms underlying cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Smolenski
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Medical Faculty, University of Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 75, D-60590 Frankfurt, Germany.
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Ciani E, Severi S, Contestabile A, Bartesaghi R, Contestabile A. Nitric oxide negatively regulates proliferation and promotes neuronal differentiation through N-Myc downregulation. J Cell Sci 2004; 117:4727-37. [PMID: 15331636 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.01348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) has been found to act as an important negative regulator of cell proliferation in several systems. We report here that NO negatively regulates proliferation of neuronal cell precursors and promotes their differentiation by downregulating the oncogene N-Myc. We have studied this regulatory function of NO in neuroblastoma cell lines (SK-N-BE) and in primary cerebellar granule cell cultures. In a neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) overexpressing neuroblastoma cell line exposed to the differentiative action of retinoic acid, NO slowed down proliferation and accelerated differentiation towards a neuronal phenotype. This effect was accompanied by a parallel decrease of N-Myc expression. Similar results could be obtained in parental SK-N-BE cells by providing an exogenous source of NO. Pharmacological controls demonstrated that NO's regulatory actions on cell proliferation and N-Myc expression were mediated by cGMP as an intermediate messenger. Furthermore, NO was found to modulate the transcriptional activity of N-Myc gene promoter by acting on the E2F regulatory region, possibly through the control of Rb phosphorylation state, that we found to be negatively regulated by NO. In cerebellar granule cell cultures, NOS inhibition increased the division rate of neuronal precursors, in parallel with augmented N-Myc expression. Because a high N-Myc expression level is essential for neuroblastoma progression as well as for proliferation of neuronal precursors, its negative regulation by NO highlights a novel physiopathological function of this important messenger molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Ciani
- Department of Human and General Physiology, University of Bologna, Piazza di Porta San Donato 2, 40127, Bologna, Italy.
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Cook ALM, Haynes JM. Protein kinase G II-mediated proliferative effects in human cultured prostatic stromal cells. Cell Signal 2004; 16:253-61. [PMID: 14636895 DOI: 10.1016/s0898-6568(03)00134-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates the effect of protein kinase G (PKG) activation upon proliferation of human cultured prostatic stromal cells. The PKG II activator (8-pCPT-cGMP; IC50 of 113+/-42 nM) and the phosphodiesterase inhibitor, zaprinast (up to 50 microM), but not the PKG I isoform activators (APT-cGMP and PET-cGMP), reduced foetal calf serum-stimulated proliferation. The effect of 8-pCPT-cGMP (30 microM) was blocked by Rp-8-Br-cGMPS (5 microM) and Rp-8-pCPT-cGMP (5 microM), but not Rp-cAMPS (5 microM). 8-pCPT-cGMP (30 microM) and zaprinast (50 microM), but not PET-cGMP (30 microM), caused a significant increase in atypical nuclei and an increase in annexin-V staining. These data indicate that activation of PKG II induces apoptosis of human cultured prostatic stromal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Louise M Cook
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Pharmacology, Victorian College of Pharmacy, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia.
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Deguchi A, Thompson WJ, Weinstein IB. Activation of protein kinase G is sufficient to induce apoptosis and inhibit cell migration in colon cancer cells. Cancer Res 2004; 64:3966-73. [PMID: 15173009 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-03-3740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The activation of protein kinase G (PKG) by cGMP has become of considerable interest as a novel molecular mechanism for the induction of apoptosis in cancer cells, because sulindac sulfone (exisulind, Aptosyn) and certain derivatives that inhibit cGMP-phosphodiesterases and thereby increase cellular levels of cGMP appear to induce apoptosis via this mechanism. However, other effects of these compounds have not been excluded, and the precise mechanism by which PKG activation induces apoptosis has not been elucidated in detail. To directly examine the effects of PKG on cell growth and apoptosis, we generated a series of mutants of PKG Ialpha: PKG IalphaS65D, a constitutively activated point mutant; PKG IalphaDelta, a constitutively activated N-terminal truncated mutant; and PKG IalphaK390R, a dominant-negative point mutant. A similar series of mutants of PKG Ibeta were also constructed (Deguchi et al., Mol. Cancer Ther., 1: 803-809, 2002). The present study demonstrates that when transiently expressed in SW480 colon cancer, the constitutively activated mutants of PKG Ibeta, and to a lesser extent PKG Ialpha, inhibit colony formation and induce apoptosis. We were not able to obtain derivatives of SW480 cells that stably expressed these constitutively activated mutants, presumably because of toxicity. However, derivatives that stably overexpressed wild-type PKG Ibeta displayed growth inhibition, whereas derivatives that stably expressed the dominant-negative mutant (KR) of PKG Ibeta grew more rapidly and were more resistant to Aptosyn-induced growth inhibition than vector control cells. Stable overexpression of PKG Ibeta was associated with decreased cellular levels of beta-catenin and cyclin D1 and increased levels of p21(CIP1). Reporter assays indicated that activation of PKG Ibeta inhibits the transcriptional activity of the cyclin D1 promoter. We also found that transient expression of the constitutively activated mutants of PKG Ibeta inhibited cell migration. Taken together, these results indicate that activation of PKG Ibeta is sufficient to inhibit growth and cell migration and induce apoptosis in human colon cancer cells and that these effects are associated with inhibition of the transcription of cyclin D1 and an increase in the expression of p21(CIP1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko Deguchi
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032-2704, USA
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Abstract
Cyclic GMP, produced in response to nitric oxide and natriuretic peptides, is a key regulator of vascular smooth muscle cell contractility, growth, and differentiation, and is implicated in opposing the pathophysiology of hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, atherosclerosis, and vascular injury/restenosis. cGMP regulates gene expression both positively and negatively at transcriptional as well as at posttranscriptional levels. cGMP-regulated transcription factors include the cAMP-response element binding protein CREB, the serum response factor SRF, and the nuclear factor of activated T cells NF/AT. cGMP can regulate CREB directly, through phosphorylation by cGMP-dependent protein kinase, or indirectly, through activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways; regulation of SRF and NF/AT by cGMP is indirect, through modulation of RhoA and calcineurin signaling, respectively. Downregulation of the RNA-binding protein HuR by cGMP leads to destabilization of guanylate cyclase mRNA, but this posttranscriptional mechanism may affect many more cGMP-regulated genes. In this review, we discuss the role of cGMP-regulated gene expression in (patho)physiological processes most relevant to the cardiovascular system, such as regulation of vascular tone, cardiac hypertrophy, phenotypic modulation of vascular smooth muscle cells, and regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renate B Pilz
- Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, Calif 92093-0652, USA.
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