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Kaneko N, Loughrey CM, Smith G, Matsuda R, Hasunuma T, Mark PB, Toda M, Shinozaki M, Otani N, Kayley S, Da Silva Costa A, Martin TP, Dobi S, Saxena P, Shimamoto K, Ishikawa T, Kambayashi R, Riddell A, Elliott EB, McCarroll CS, Sakai T, Mitsuhisa Y, Hirano S, Kitai T, Kusano K, Inoue Y, Nakamura M, Kikuchi M, Toyoda S, Taguchi I, Fujiwara T, Sugiyama A, Kumagai Y, Iwata K. A novel ryanodine receptor 2 inhibitor, M201-A, enhances natriuresis, renal function and lusi-inotropic actions: Preclinical and phase I study. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38773354 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) is present in both the heart and kidneys, and plays a crucial role in maintaining intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis in cells in these organs. This study aimed to investigate the impact of M201-A on RyR2, as well as studying its effects on cardiac and renal functions in preclinical and clinical studies. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Following the administration of M201-A (1,4-benzothiazepine-1-oxide derivative), we monitored diastolic Ca2+ leak via RyR2 and intracellular Ca2+ concentration in isolated rat cardiomyocytes and in cardiac and renal function in animals. In a clinical study, M201-A was administered intravenously at doses of 0.2 and 0.4 mg·kg-1 once daily for 20 min for four consecutive days in healthy males, with the assessment of haemodynamic responses. KEY RESULTS In rat heart cells, M201-A effectively inhibited spontaneous diastolic Ca2+ leakage through RyR2 and exhibited positive lusi-inotropic effects on the rat heart. Additionally, it enhanced natriuresis and improved renal function in dogs. In human clinical studies, when administered intravenously, M201-A demonstrated an increase in natriuresis, glomerular filtration rate and creatinine clearance, while maintaining acceptable levels of drug safety and tolerability. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The novel drug M201-A inhibited diastolic Ca2+ leak via RyR2, improved cardiac lusi-inotropic effects in rats, and enhanced natriuresis and renal function in humans. These findings suggest that this drug may offer a potential new treatment option for chronic kidney disease and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noboru Kaneko
- Department of Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
- AETAS Pharma Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Godfrey Smith
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ryuko Matsuda
- AETAS Pharma Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
- Nojima Hospital, Tottori, Japan
| | | | - Patric B Mark
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | - Naoyuki Otani
- Dokkyo Medical University Nikko Medical Center, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Scott Kayley
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ana Da Silva Costa
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Tamara P Martin
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sara Dobi
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Priyanka Saxena
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ken Shimamoto
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sendai Cardiovascular Center, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Ishikawa
- Department of Cardiology, Dokkyo Medical University, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Kambayashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Alexandra Riddell
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Elspeth B Elliott
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | | | - Sayuri Hirano
- Process Research & Development Laboratories Technology Research & Development Division, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co. Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kitai
- Department of Heart Failure and Transplantation, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kengo Kusano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuko Inoue
- Department of Heart Failure and Transplantation, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Migaku Kikuchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Shigeru Toyoda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Isao Taguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Dokkyo Medical University, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Atsushi Sugiyama
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
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Sathish V, Thompson MA, Sinha S, Sieck GC, Prakash YS, Pabelick CM. Inflammation, caveolae and CD38-mediated calcium regulation in human airway smooth muscle. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2013; 1843:346-51. [PMID: 24275509 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2013.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) increases expression of CD38 (a membrane-associated bifunctional enzyme regulating cyclic ADP ribose), and enhances agonist-induced intracellular Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)]i) responses in human airway smooth muscle (ASM). We previously demonstrated that caveolae and their constituent protein caveolin-1 are important for ASM [Ca(2+)]i regulation, which is further enhanced by TNFα. Whether caveolae and CD38 are functionally linked in mediating TNFα effects is unknown. In this regard, whether the related cavin proteins (cavin-1 and -3) that maintain structure and function of caveolae play a role is also not known. In the present study, we hypothesized that TNFα effects on CD38 expression and function in human ASM involve caveolae. Caveolar fractions from isolated human ASM cells expressed CD38 and its expression was upregulated by exposure to 20ng/ml TNFα (48h). ASM cells expressed cavin-1 and cavin-3, which were also upregulated by TNFα. Knockdown of caveolin-1, cavin-1 or cavin-3 (using siRNA) all significantly reduced CD38 expression and ADP-ribosyl cyclase activity in the presence or absence of TNFα. Furthermore, caveolin-1, cavin-1 and cavin-3 siRNAs reduced [Ca(2+)]i responses to histamine under control conditions, and blunted the enhanced [Ca(2+)]i responses in TNFα-exposed cells. These data demonstrate that CD38 is expressed within caveolae and its function is linked to the caveolar regulatory proteins caveolin-1, cavin-1 and -3. The link between caveolae and CD38 is further enhanced during airway inflammation demonstrating the important role of caveolae in regulation of [Ca(2+)]i and contractility in the airway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatachalem Sathish
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | - Sutapa Sinha
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Gary C Sieck
- Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Departments of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Y S Prakash
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Christina M Pabelick
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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Xiong J, Xia M, Yi F, Abais JM, Li N, Boini KM, Li PL. Regulation of renin release via cyclic ADP-ribose-mediated signaling: evidence from mice lacking CD38 gene. Cell Physiol Biochem 2013; 31:44-55. [PMID: 23343681 DOI: 10.1159/000343348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Despite extensive studies, the intracellular regulatory mechanism of renin production and release is still poorly understood. The present study was designed to test whether CD38-ADP-ribosylcyclase signaling pathway contributes to the regulation of renin production and release, and to examine whether CD38 gene knockout (CD38(-/-)) can change this important renal endocrinal function. METHODS ADP-ribosylcyclase activity was estimated utilizing HPLC, cADPR levels from western blot, plasma renin activity from RIA kit, urinary sodium and potassium excretion from fame photometry. RESULTS The expression of CD38 and the activity of ADP-ribosylcyclase to produce cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) were nearly abolished in the kidney from CD38(-/-) mice, indicating that CD38 gene is a major enzyme responsible for the generation of cADPR in vivo. Mice lacking CD38 gene showed increased plasma renin activity (PRA) in either conscious or anesthetized status (P<0.05). Low salt intake significantly increased, but high salt intake significantly decreased renin release in both CD38(+/+) and CD38(-/-) mice. In acute experiments, it was demonstrated that plasma renin activity (PRA) significantly increased upon isoprenaline infusion in CD38(-/-) mice compared to CD38(+/+) mice. Accompanied with such increase in PRA, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal blood flow (RBF), urine volume (UV) and sodium excretion (UNaV) more significantly decreased in CD38(-/-) than CD38(+/+) mice. Similarly, more increases in PRA but more decreases in GFR, RBF, UV and UNaV were observed in CD38(-/-) than CD38(+/+) mice when they had a low renal perfusion pressure (RPP). CONCLUSION CD38-cADPR-mediated signaling may importantly contribute to the maintenance of low PRA and participate in the regulation of renal hemodynamics and excretory function in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
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Boini KM, Xia M, Xiong J, Li C, Payne LP, Li PL. Implication of CD38 gene in podocyte epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and glomerular sclerosis. J Cell Mol Med 2012; 16:1674-85. [PMID: 21992601 PMCID: PMC3270217 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2011.01462.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
CD38 is a multifunctional protein involving in a number of signalling pathways. Given that the lack of CD38 is considered as a dedifferentiation marker of lymphocytes and other cells, we hypothesized that CD38 and its signalling pathway may participate in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process of podocytes and thereby regulates the integrity of glomerular structure and function. Western blot analysis and RT-PCR demonstrated that renal tissue CD38 expression was lacking in CD38(-/-) mice or substantially reduced in renal CD38 shRNA-transfected WT (CD38-shRNA) mice compared to CD38(+/+) littermates. Confocal fluorescent microscopy demonstrated the reduced expression of epithelial markers (P-Cadherin, ZO-1 and podocin) and increased expression of mesenchymal markers (FSP-1, α-SMA and desmin) in the glomeruli of CD38(-/-) and CD38-shRNA mice compared to CD38(+/+) mice. Morphological examinations showed profound injury in the glomeruli of CD38(-/-) or CD38-shRNA mice compared to CD38(+/+) mice. This enhanced glomerular injury in CD38(-/-) or CD38-shRNA mice was accompanied by increased albuminuria and proteinuria. DOCA/high salt treatment further decreased the expression of epithelial markers and increased the abundance of mesenchymal markers, which were accompanied by more increased glomerular damage index and mean arterial pressure in CD38(-/-) and CD38-shRNA mice than CD38(+/+) mice. In vitro studies showed that inhibition of CD38 enhances the EMT in podocytes. In conclusion, our observations reveal that the normal expression of CD38 importantly contributes to the differentiation and function of podocytes and the defect of this gene expression may be a critical mechanism inducing EMT and consequently resulting in glomerular injury and sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna M Boini
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
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Yip KP, Sham JSK. Mechanisms of vasopressin-induced intracellular Ca2+ oscillations in rat inner medullary collecting duct. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2010; 300:F540-8. [PMID: 21147839 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00544.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Arginine vasopressin (AVP) causes increase in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration with an oscillatory pattern. Ca(2+) mobilization is required for AVP-stimulated apical exocytosis in inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD). The mechanistic basis of these Ca(2+) oscillations was investigated by confocal fluorescence microscopy and flash photolysis of caged molecules in perfused IMCD. Photorelease of caged cAMP and direct activation of ryanodine receptors (RyRs) by photorelease of caged cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) both mimicked the AVP-induced Ca(2+) oscillations. Preincubation of IMCD with 100 μM 8-bromo-cADPR (a competitive inhibitor of cADPR) delayed the onset and attenuated the magnitude of AVP-induced Ca(2+) oscillations. These observations indicate that the cADPR/RyR pathway is capable of supporting Ca(2+) oscillations and endogenous cADPR plays a major role in the AVP-induced Ca(2+) oscillations in IMCD. In contrast, photorelease of caged inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP(3)) induced Ca(2+) release but did not maintain sustained Ca(2+) oscillations. Removal of extracellular Ca(2+) halted ongoing AVP-mediated Ca(2+) oscillation, suggesting that it requires extracellular Ca(2+) entry. AVP-induced Ca(2+) oscillation was unaffected by nifedipine. Intracellular Ca(2+) store depletion induced by 20 μM thapsigargin in Ca(2+)-free medium triggered store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) in IMCD, which was attenuated by 1 μM GdCl(3) and 50 μM SKF-96365. After incubation of IMCD with 1 nM AVP in Ca(2+)-free medium, application of extracellular Ca(2+) also triggered Ca(2+) influx, which was sensitive to GdCl(3) and SKF-96365. In summary, our observations are consistent with the notion that AVP-induced Ca(2+) oscillations in IMCD are mediated by the interplay of Ca(2+) release from RyRs and a Ca(2+) influx mechanism involving nonselective cation channels that resembles SOCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kay-Pong Yip
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Coll. of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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Boys JA, Toledo AH, Anaya-Prado R, Lopez-Neblina F, Toledo-Pereyra LH. Effects of Dantrolene on Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Animal Models: A Review of Outcomes in Heart, Brain, Liver, and Kidney. J Investig Med 2010; 58:875-882. [DOI: 10.2310/jim.0b013e3181e5d719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Background/Objectives Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) is the restoration of blood flow to a tissue that was formerly deficient of blood flow. Tissue damage after IR is considered an IR injury (IRI). During IR, there is an increased level of cytosolic calcium ([Ca2+]i) due to the release of calcium from mitochondrial, sarcoendoplasmic reticulum, and nuclear organelles. Dantrolene sodium (dantrolene) is a 1-[[[5-(4-nitrophenol)-2-furanyl]methylene]amino]-2, 4-imidazolidinedione sodium salt with a nonspecific mechanism, inhibiting organelle release of Ca2+ into the cytosol. This work reviews the outcomes of administering dantrolene in brain, heart, liver, and kidney animal models of IRI. Methods An extensive PubMed, MEDLINE, and MEDLAR literature review during the last 30 years on the effect of dantrolene in IRI in animal models was analyzed to determine the clinical implications of this important study. Particular attention was given to dantrolene in heart, brain, liver, and kidney IRI. Results Heart: Nine studies of heart IRI were reviewed and include an in vivo dog model (n = 1), in vivo rabbit model (n = 1), isolated dog myocardial fibers (n = 1), and isolated rat hearts (n = 6). Four studies showed decreased infarct size and increased cardiac function after IRI. One in vivo rabbit study found no difference in infarct size or cardiac function after IRI versus controls. Dantrolene may be protective or inductive of post-IRI arrhythmias depending on preestablished myocyte cycling times. Brain: Nine studies of brain IRI were reviewed and include an in vivo dog model (n = 1), in vivo gerbil model (n = 2), and in vivo rat models (n = 6). Dantrolene shows protective decreases in apoptotic markers in 6 studies, but it shows no effect on the necrotic core and mixed effects on reduction of infarct volume. One study found increased mortality in the dantrolene group. Liver: One study of in vivo rat liver IRI found that dantrolene decreased liver function tests, tissue necrosis factor α, tissue necrosis, and increased interleukin 10. Kidney: One study of in vivo rat kidney IRI showed that dantrolene had no effect. Conclusions Dantrolene shows protective effects in animal models of heart, brain, and potentially liver IRI, reinforcing the importance of calcium homeostasis during IRI. Variations of dose, timing of administration, route of administration, and outcomes between studies make definitive conclusions difficult. The nonspecific mechanism of action of dantrolene may also account for the variation among studies. Lack of studies in the liver and kidney makes any consensus in these organs premature, and thus, emphasis for this review was put on studies of the heart and brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A. Boys
- *College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - Alexander H. Toledo
- Division of Abdominal Transplantation, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | | | - Luis H. Toledo-Pereyra
- *College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
- Departments of Research and Surgery, Kalamazoo Center for Medical Studies, Michigan State University, Kalamazoo, MI
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The role of dietary niacin intake and the adenosine-5'-diphosphate-ribosyl cyclase enzyme CD38 in spatial learning ability: is cyclic adenosine diphosphate ribose the link between diet and behaviour? Nutr Res Rev 2009; 21:42-55. [PMID: 19079853 DOI: 10.1017/s0954422408945182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The pyridine nucleotide NAD+ is derived from dietary niacin and serves as the substrate for the synthesis of cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR), an intracellular Ca signalling molecule that plays an important role in synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus, a region of the brain involved in spatial learning. cADPR is formed in part via the activity of the ADP-ribosyl cyclase enzyme CD38, which is widespread throughout the brain. In the present review, current evidence of the relationship between dietary niacin and behaviour is presented following investigations of the effect of niacin deficiency, pharmacological nicotinamide supplementation and CD38 gene deletion on brain nucleotides and spatial learning ability in mice and rats. In young male rats, both niacin deficiency and nicotinamide supplementation significantly altered brain NAD+ and cADPR, both of which were inversely correlated with spatial learning ability. These results were consistent across three different models of niacin deficiency (pair feeding, partially restricted feeding and niacin recovery). Similar changes in spatial learning ability were observed in Cd38- / - mice, which also showed decreases in brain cADPR. These findings suggest an inverse relationship between spatial learning ability, dietary niacin intake and cADPR, although a direct link between cADPR and spatial learning ability is still missing. Dietary niacin may therefore play a role in the molecular events regulating learning performance, and further investigations of niacin intake, CD38 and cADPR may help identify potential molecular targets for clinical intervention to enhance learning and prevent or reverse cognitive decline.
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Regulation of the renal microcirculation by ryanodine receptors and calcium-induced calcium release. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2009; 18:40-9. [DOI: 10.1097/mnh.0b013e32831cf5bd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Satriano J, Cunard R, Peterson OW, Dousa T, Gabbai FB, Blantz RC. Effects on kidney filtration rate by agmatine requires activation of ryanodine channels for nitric oxide generation. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2008; 294:F795-800. [PMID: 18199604 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00392.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Agmatine, decarboxylated arginine, is produced in the kidney and can increase nephron and kidney filtration rate via renal vasodilatation and increases in plasma flow. This increase in filtration rate after agmatine is prevented by administration of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors. In endothelial cells, agmatine-stimulated nitrite production is accompanied by induction of cytosolic calcium. NOS activity requires calcium for activation; however, the source of this calcium remains unknown. Ryanodine receptor (RyR) calcium-activated calcium release channels are present in the kidney cortex, and we evaluated if RyR contributes to the agmatine response. Agmatine microperfused into Bowman's space reversibly increases nephron filtration rate (SNGFR) by approximately 30%. cADP-ribose (cADPR) regulates RyR channel activity. Concurrent infusion of agmatine with the cADPR blocker 8-bromo-cADPR (2 microM) prevents the increase in filtration rate. Furthermore, direct activation of the RyR channel with ryanodine at agonist concentrations (5 microM) increases SNGFR, and, like agmatine, this increase is prevented by administration of N(G)-monomethyl-l-arginine, a nonselective NOS blocker. We demonstrate that agmatine does not elicit ADPR cyclase activity in vascular smooth muscle membranes and does not directly affect RyR calcium channel responses using sea urchin egg homogenates. These results imply interplay between endothelial cell cADPR/RyR/Ca(2+)/NO and the cADPR/RyR/Ca(2+) pathways in vascular smooth muscle cells in arterioles in the regulation of kidney filtration rate. In conclusion, we show that agmatine-induced effects require activation of cADPR and RyR calcium release channels for NO generation, vasodilation, and increased filtration rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Satriano
- Division of Nephrology-Hypertension, Univ. of California, San Diego and Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, M.C. 9111-H, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
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Rivera I, Zhang S, Fuller BS, Edwards B, Seki T, Wang MH, Marrero MB, Inscho EW. P2 receptor regulation of [Ca2+]i in cultured mouse mesangial cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2007; 292:F1380-9. [PMID: 17213463 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00349.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Experiments were performed to establish the pharmacological profile of purinoceptors and to identify the signal transduction pathways responsible for increases in intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) for cultured mouse mesangial cells. Mouse mesangial cells were loaded with fura 2 and examined using fluorescent spectrophotometry. Basal [Ca(2+)](i) averaged 102 +/- 2 nM (n = 346). One hundred micromolar concentrations of ATP, ADP, 2',3'-(benzoyl-4-benzoyl)-ATP (BzATP), ATP-gamma-S, and UTP in normal Ca(2+) medium evoked peak increases in [Ca(2+)](i) of 866 +/- 111, 236 +/- 18, 316 +/- 26, 427 +/- 37, and 808 +/- 73 nM, respectively. UDP or 2-methylthio-ATP (2MeSATP) failed to elicit significant increases in [Ca(2+)](i), whereas identical concentrations of adenosine, AMP, and alpha,beta-methylene ATP (alpha,beta-MeATP) had no detectable effect on [Ca(2+)](i). Removal of Ca(2+) from the extracellular medium had no significant effect on the peak increase in [Ca(2+)](i) induced by ATP, ADP, BzATP, ATP-gamma-S, or UTP compared with normal Ca(2+); however, Ca(2+)-free conditions did accelerate the rate of decline in [Ca(2+)](i) in cells treated with ATP and UTP. [Ca(2+)](i) was unaffected by membrane depolarization with 143 mM KCl. Western blot analysis for P2 receptors revealed expression of P2X(2), P2X(4), P2X(7), P2Y(2), and P2Y(4) receptors. No evidence of P2X(1) and P2X(3) receptor expression was detected, whereas RT-PCR analysis reveals mRNA expression for P2X(1), P2X(2), P2X(3), P2X(4), P2X(7), P2Y(2), and P2Y(4) receptors. These data indicate that receptor-specific P2 receptor activation increases [Ca(2+)](i) by stimulating calcium influx from the extracellular medium and through mobilization of Ca(2+) from intracellular stores in cultured mouse mesangial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Rivera
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia 30912-3000, USA
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Rogers RC, Van Meter MJ, Hermann GE. Tumor necrosis factor potentiates central vagal afferent signaling by modulating ryanodine channels. J Neurosci 2006; 26:12642-6. [PMID: 17151266 PMCID: PMC6674848 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3530-06.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Disease processes such as infection, leukemia, and autoimmune disorders are often associated with nausea, emesis, and anorexia. A common denominator of these rather disparate states is the production of the early, proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) in significant quantities. Recent studies have shown that TNF may act as a neuromodulator in the hindbrain to produce malaise by potentiating visceral afferent signaling at the central processes of the vagus nerve. However, the mechanism by which TNF produces this signal amplification is not known. Our time-lapse calcium imaging studies of individual central vagal afferent varicosities in the caudal brainstem slice preparation show that, although TNF has minimal direct effects to elevate terminal intracellular calcium levels, TNF does potentiate the terminal afferent responses to other stimuli through a ryanodine-based, calcium-induced calcium release mechanism. Such a scheme may explain how TNF sensitizes visceral as well as somatosensory primary afferents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard C Rogers
- Laboratory of Autonomic Neuroscience, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808, USA.
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Fellner SK, Arendshorst WJ. Voltage-gated Ca2+ entry and ryanodine receptor Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release in preglomerular arterioles. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2006; 292:F1568-72. [PMID: 17190906 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00459.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that in afferent arterioles, angiotensin II (ANG II) involves activation of the inositol trisphosphate receptor (IP(3)R), activation of adenine diphosphoribose (ADPR) cyclase, and amplification of the initial IP(3)R-stimulated release of cytosolic Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)](i)) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) (Fellner SK, Arendshorst WJ. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 288: F785-F791, 2004). The response of the ryanodine receptor (RyR) to local increases in [Ca(2+)](i) is defined as calcium-induced calcium release (CICR). To investigate whether Ca(2+) entry via voltage-gated channels (VGCC) can stimulate CICR, we treated fura 2-loaded, freshly isolated afferent arterioles with KCl (40 mM; high KCl). In control arterioles, peak [Ca(2+)](i) increased by 165 +/- 10 nM. Locking the RyR in the closed position with ryanodine (100 microM) inhibited the [Ca(2+)](i) response by 59% (P < 0.01). 8-Br cADPR, a specific blocker of the ability of cyclic ADPR (cADPR) to sensitize the RyR to Ca(2+), caused a 43% inhibition. We suggest that the lower inhibition by 8-Br cADPR (P = 0.02, ryanodine vs. 8-Br cADPR) represents endogenously active ADPR cyclase. Depletion of SR Ca(2+) stores by inhibiting the SR Ca(2+)-ATPase with cyclopiazonic acid or thapsigargin blocked the [Ca(2+)](i) responses to KCl by 51% (P not significant vs. ryanodine or 8-Br cADPR). These data suggest that about half of the increase in [Ca(2+)](i) induced by high KCl is accomplished by activation of CICR through the ability of entered Ca(2+) to expose the RyR to high local concentrations of Ca(2+) and that endogenous cADPR contributes to the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan K Fellner
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7545, USA.
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13
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Johnson JD, Ford EL, Bernal-Mizrachi E, Kusser KL, Luciani DS, Han Z, Tran H, Randall TD, Lund FE, Polonsky KS. Suppressed insulin signaling and increased apoptosis in CD38-null islets. Diabetes 2006; 55:2737-46. [PMID: 17003338 DOI: 10.2337/db05-1455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
CD38 is a multifunctional enzyme capable of generating metabolites that release Ca2+ from intracellular stores, including nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP). A number of studies have led to the controversial proposal that CD38 mediates an alternate pathway for glucose-stimulated insulin release and contributes to the pathogenesis of diabetes. It has recently been shown that NAADP mediates Ca2+ mobilization by insulin in human pancreatic beta-cells. In the present study, we report altered Ca2+ homeostasis and reduced responsiveness to insulin, but not glucose, in Cd38-/- beta-cells. In keeping with the antiapoptotic role of insulin signaling, Cd38-/- islets were significantly more susceptible to apoptosis compared with islets isolated from littermate controls. This finding correlated with disrupted islet architecture and reduced beta-cell mass in Cd38-/- mice, both in the context of a normal lab diet and a high-fat diet. Nevertheless, we did not find robust differences in glucose homeostasis in vivo or glucose signaling in vitro in Cd38-/- mice on the C57BL/6 genetic background, in contrast to previous studies by others of Cd38 knockout mice on the ICR background. Thus, our results suggest that CD38 plays a role in novel antiapoptotic signaling pathways but does not directly control glucose signaling in pancreatic beta-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D Johnson
- Division of Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
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14
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Kip SN, Smelter M, Iyanoye A, Chini EN, Prakash YS, Pabelick CM, Sieck GC. Agonist-induced cyclic ADP ribose production in airway smooth muscle. Arch Biochem Biophys 2006; 452:102-7. [PMID: 16846589 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2006.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2006] [Revised: 06/08/2006] [Accepted: 06/10/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) triggers sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+) release in airway smooth muscle (ASM). SR Ca(2+) release is an important component of the intracellular Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)](i)) response of ASM to agonists. Whether cADPR is endogenously produced in ASM during agonist stimulation has not been established. In this study, cADPR production was examined in acutely dissociated porcine ASM cells. ACh stimulation (> or = 1 microM) significantly increased cADPR levels, peaking between 30s and 1 min. This effect was inhibited by M(2) and M(3) muscarinic receptor antagonists. Histamine ((> or = 5 microM) increased cADPR levels to a greater extent than ACh, while diphenhydramine blocked histamine-induced cADPR elevation. Both bradykinin (100 nM) and endothelin-1 (100 nM) also increased cADPR levels to a greater extent than ACh or histamine. These results indicate that in porcine ASM, certain agonists acting via receptors increase cADPR levels. Furthermore, the extent of cADPR responses to agonist varies, possibly reflecting differences in G-protein coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sertac N Kip
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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15
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Zhu G, Okada M, Yoshida S, Mori F, Ueno S, Wakabayashi K, Kaneko S. Effects of interleukin-1beta on hippocampal glutamate and GABA releases associated with Ca2+-induced Ca2+ releasing systems. Epilepsy Res 2006; 71:107-16. [PMID: 16806825 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2006.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2006] [Revised: 05/21/2006] [Accepted: 05/22/2006] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Recent clinical and basic studies have demonstrated that hyperactivation of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) plays important roles in generation of febrile and epileptic seizures. To clarify this mechanism, the present study determined the effects of IL-1beta on Ca2+-associated releases of glutamate and GABA in mouse hippocampus. Both basal and K+-evoked GABA releases were regulated by Ca2+ influx and Ca2+-induced Ca2+ releasing system (CICR). The K+-evoked glutamate release was also regulated by Ca2+ influx and CICR, whereas basal glutamate release was not affected by them. IL-1beta increased basal releases of glutamate and GABA depending on the activation of Ca2+ influx and ryanodine receptor (RyR)-sensitive CICR, but reduced K+-evoked releases depending on Ca2+ influx, RyR-sensitive and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R)-sensitive CICRs. During neuronal hyperexcitability, the effect of IL-1beta on GABA release was more predominantly modulated by Ca2+ influx and RyR-sensitive CICR than that on glutamate. These results indicate that hyperactivation of IL-1beta leads to imbalance between glutamatergic and GABAergic transmission via toxic overload response of Ca2+ influx and CICR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zhu
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan
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16
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Zhu G, Okada M, Yoshida S, Mori F, Hirose S, Wakabayashi K, Kaneko S. Involvement of Ca(2+)-induced Ca2+ releasing system in interleukin-1beta-associated adenosine release. Eur J Pharmacol 2006; 532:246-52. [PMID: 16487508 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.12.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2005] [Revised: 11/24/2005] [Accepted: 12/19/2005] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) plays an important role in neuroprotective and neurodegenerative events in the central nervous system. To clarify the mechanism of controversial actions of IL-1beta, we determined the effect of IL-1beta, as well as the interaction between IL-1beta and Ca(2+)-induced Ca2+ releasing system (CICR), on adenosine releases in mice hippocampus using mini-slices method. Basal and K(+)-stimulated adenosine releases were regulated by two types of CICRs, including inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor and ryanodine receptor. Lower concentration of IL-1beta increased both adenosine releases, whereas higher concentration did not affect their releases. The stimulatory effect of IL-1beta on basal adenosine release was reduced by removal of extracellular Ca2+ and IP3 receptor inhibitor, while the stimulatory effect of IL-1beta on K(+)-stimulated adenosine release was reduced by ryanodine receptor inhibitor. These results suggest that the potent effect of IL-1beta upon adenosine release might contribute to the neuroprotective action of IL-1beta, whereas IL-1beta-induced neurodegeneration might be due to the overload response of Ca2+ mobilization and the inactivation of adenosine exocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zhu
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan
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17
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Chini E, Nagamune K, Wetzel D, Sibley L. Evidence that the cADPR signalling pathway controls calcium-mediated microneme secretion in Toxoplasma gondii. Biochem J 2005; 389:269-77. [PMID: 15773818 PMCID: PMC1175103 DOI: 10.1042/bj20041971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii relies on calcium-mediated exocytosis to secrete adhesins on to its surface where they can engage host cell receptors. Increases in intracellular calcium occur in response to Ins(1,4,5)P3 and caffeine, an agonist of ryanodine-responsive calcium-release channels. We examined lysates and microsomes of T. gondii and detected evidence of cADPR (cyclic ADP ribose) cyclase and hydrolase activities, the two enzymes that control the second messenger cADPR, which causes calcium release from RyR (ryanodine receptor). We also detected endogenous levels of cADPR in extracts of T. gondii. Furthermore, T. gondii microsomes that were loaded with 45Ca2+ released calcium when treated with cADPR, and the RyR antagonists 8-bromo-cADPR and Ruthenium Red blocked this response. Although T. gondii microsomes also responded to Ins(1,4,5)P3, the inhibition profiles of these calcium-release channels were mutually exclusive. The RyR antagonists 8-bromo-cADPR and dantrolene inhibited protein secretion and motility in live parasites. These results indicate that RyR calcium-release channels that respond to the second-messenger cADPR play an important role in regulating intracellular Ca2+, and hence host cell invasion, in protozoan parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo N. Chini
- *Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Medical School, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN 55905, U.S.A
| | - Kisaburo Nagamune
- †Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, U.S.A
| | - Dawn M. Wetzel
- †Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, U.S.A
| | - L. David Sibley
- †Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, U.S.A
- To whom correspondence should be addressed (email )
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Fellner SK, Parker L. Endothelin-1, superoxide and adeninediphosphate ribose cyclase in shark vascular smooth muscle. J Exp Biol 2005; 208:1045-52. [PMID: 15767306 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.01506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
SUMMARY
In vascular smooth muscle (VSM) of Squalus acanthias, endothelin-1(ET-1) signals via the ETB receptor. In both shark and mammalian VSM, ET-1 induces a rise in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration([Ca2+]i) via activation of the inositol trisphosphate (IP3) receptor (IP3R) and subsequent release of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). IP3R-mediated release of SR Ca2+ causes calcium-induced calcium release (CICR) via the ryanodine receptor (RyR), which can be sensitized by cyclic adeninediphosphate ribose (cADPR). cADPR is synthesized from NAD+ by a membrane-bound bifunctional enzyme, ADPR cyclase. We have previously shown that the antagonists of the RyR, Ruthenium Red, high concentrations of ryanodine and 8-Br cADPR, diminish the[Ca2+]i response to ET-1 in shark VSM. To investigate how ET-1 might influence the activity of the ADPR cyclase, we employed inhibitors of the cyclase. To explore the possibility that ET-1-induced production of superoxide (O2.-) might activate the cyclase, we used an inhibitor of NAD(P)H oxidase (NOX), DPI and a scavenger of O2.-, TEMPOL. Anterior mesenteric artery VSM was loaded with fura-2AM to measure [Ca2+]i. In Ca2+-free shark Ringers, ET-1 increased[Ca2+]i by 104±8 nmol l-1. The VSM ADPR cyclase inhibitors, nicotinamide and Zn2+, diminished the response by 62% and 72%, respectively. Both DPI and TEMPOL reduced the response by 63%. The combination of the IP3R antagonists, 2-APB or TMB-8, with DPI or TEMPOL further reduced the response by 83%. We show for the first time that in shark VSM, inhibition of the ADPR cyclase reduces the[Ca2+]i response to ET-1 and that superoxide may be involved in the activation of the cyclase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan K Fellner
- Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, Salisbury, Maine 04672, USA.
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19
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Fellner SK, Arendshorst WJ. Angiotensin II Ca2+ signaling in rat afferent arterioles: stimulation of cyclic ADP ribose and IP3 pathways. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2004; 288:F785-91. [PMID: 15598842 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00372.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ANG II induces a rise in cytosolic Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)](i)) in vascular smooth muscle (VSM) cells via inositol trisphosphate receptor (IP(3)R) activation and release of Ca(2+) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). The Ca(2+) signal is augmented by calcium-induced calcium release (CICR) and by cyclic adeninediphosphate ribose (cADPR), which sensitizes the ryanodine-sensitive receptor (RyR) to Ca(2+) to further amplify CICR. cADPR is synthesized from beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) by a membrane-bound bifunctional enzyme, ADPR cyclase. To investigate the possibility that ANG II activates the ADPR cyclase of afferent arterioles, we used inhibitors of the IP(3)R, RyR, and ADPR cyclase. Afferent arterioles were isolated from rat kidney with the magnetized microsphere and sieving technique and loaded with fura-2 to measure [Ca(2+)](i). In Ca(2+)-containing buffer, ANG II increased [Ca(2+)](i) by 125 +/- 10 nM. In the presence of the IP(3)R antagonists TMB-8 and 2-APB, the peak responses to ANG II were reduced by 74 and 81%, respectively. The specific antagonist of cADPR 8-Br ADPR and a high concentration of ryanodine (100 microM) inhibited the ANG II-induced increases in [Ca(2+)](i) by 75 and 69%, respectively. Nicotinamide and Zn(2+) are known inhibitors of the VSM ADPR cyclase. Nicotinamide diminished the [Ca(2+)](i) response to ANG II by 66%. In calcium-free buffer, Zn(2+) reduced the ANG II response by 68%. Simultaneous blockade of the IP(3) and cADPR pathways diminished the [Ca(2+)](i) response to ANG II by 83%. We conclude that ANG II initiates Ca(2+) mobilization from the SR in afferent arterioles via the classic IP(3)R pathway and that ANG II may lead to activation of the ADPR cyclase to form cADPR, which, via its action on the RyR, substantially augments the Ca(2+) response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan K Fellner
- Dept. of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Univ. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7545, USA.
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Thompson M, Barata da Silva H, Zielinska W, White TA, Bailey JP, Lund FE, Sieck GC, Chini EN. Role of CD38 in myometrial Ca2+ transients: modulation by progesterone. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2004; 287:E1142-8. [PMID: 15339743 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00122.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Oxytocin-induced Ca(2+) transients play an important role in myometrial contractions. Here, using a knockout model, we found that the enzyme CD38, responsible for the synthesis of the second messenger cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR), plays an important role in the oxytocin-induced Ca(2+) transients and contraction. We also observed that CD38 is necessary for TNF-alpha-increased agonist-stimulated Ca(2+) transients in human myometrial cells. We provide experimental evidence that the TNF-alpha effect is mediated by increased expression of the enzyme CD38. First, we observed that TNF-alpha increased oxytocin-induced Ca(2+) transients and CD38 expression in human myometrial cells. Moreover, using small interference RNA technology, we observed that TNF-alpha stimulation of agonist-induced Ca(2+) transients was abolished by blocking the expression of CD38. In control experiments, we observed that activation of the component of the TNF-alpha signaling pathway, NF-kappaB, was not affected by the treatments. Finally, we observed that the effects of TNF-alpha on CD38 cyclase and oxytocin-induced Ca(2+) transients are abolished by progesterone. In conclusion, we provide the first experimental evidence that CD38 is important for myometrial Ca(2+) transients and contraction. Moreover, CD38 is necessary for the TNF-alpha-mediated augmentation of agonist-induced Ca(2+) transients in myometrial cells. We propose that the balance between cytokines and placental steroids regulates the expression of CD38 in vivo and cell responsiveness to oxytocin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Thompson
- Dept. of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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21
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Ferrero E, Orciani M, Vacca P, Ortolan E, Crovella S, Titti F, Saccucci F, Malavasi F. Characterization and phylogenetic epitope mapping of CD38 ADPR cyclase in the cynomolgus macaque. BMC Immunol 2004; 5:21. [PMID: 15383153 PMCID: PMC524171 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2172-5-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2004] [Accepted: 09/21/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The CD38 transmembrane glycoprotein is an ADP-ribosyl cyclase that moonlights as a receptor in cells of the immune system. Both functions are independently implicated in numerous areas related to human health. This study originated from an inherent interest in studying CD38 in the cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis), a species closely related to humans that also represents a cogent animal model for the biomedical analysis of CD38. Results A cDNA was isolated from cynomolgus macaque peripheral blood leukocytes and is predicted to encode a type II membrane protein of 301 amino acids with 92% identity to human CD38. Both RT-PCR-mediated cDNA cloning and genomic DNA PCR surveying were possible with heterologous human CD38 primers, demonstrating the striking conservation of CD38 in these primates. Transfection of the cDNA coincided with: (i) surface expression of cynomolgus macaque CD38 by immunofluorescence; (ii) detection of ~42 and 84 kDa proteins by Western blot and (iii) the appearance of ecto-enzymatic activity. Monoclonal antibodies were raised against the cynomolgus CD38 ectodomain and were either species-specific or cross-reactive with human CD38, in which case they were directed against a common disulfide-requiring conformational epitope that was mapped to the C-terminal disulfide loop. Conclusion This multi-faceted characterization of CD38 from cynomolgus macaque demonstrates its high genetic and biochemical similarities with human CD38 while the immunological comparison adds new insights into the dominant epitopes of the primate CD38 ectodomain. These results open new prospects for the biomedical and pharmacological investigations of this receptor-enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enza Ferrero
- Department of Genetics, Biology & Biochemistry, University of Torino, Via Santena 19 and the CeRMS Research Center for Experimental Medicine, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Monia Orciani
- Institute of Biology and Genetics, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Ranieri 69, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Paola Vacca
- Department of Genetics, Biology & Biochemistry, University of Torino, Via Santena 19 and the CeRMS Research Center for Experimental Medicine, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Erika Ortolan
- Department of Genetics, Biology & Biochemistry, University of Torino, Via Santena 19 and the CeRMS Research Center for Experimental Medicine, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Department of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, University of Trieste, Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Fausto Titti
- Department of Parasitic, Infectious and Immune-mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Franca Saccucci
- Institute of Biology and Genetics, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Ranieri 69, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Fabio Malavasi
- Department of Genetics, Biology & Biochemistry, University of Torino, Via Santena 19 and the CeRMS Research Center for Experimental Medicine, 10126 Torino, Italy
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McCarthy TV, Datar S, Mackrill JJ. Activation of ryanodine receptor/Ca2+ release channels downregulates CD38 in the Namalwa B lymphoma. FEBS Lett 2003; 554:133-7. [PMID: 14596927 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(03)01122-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
CD38 is a multifunctional ectoenzyme that catalyses formation of cyclic ADP ribose (cADPr), a second messenger that opens ryanodine receptor (RyR) Ca2+ channels. Despite its importance in signal transduction processes, little is known about the mechanisms regulating CD38 expression levels. In the current study, ryanodine stimulation of Ca2+ release in Namalwa cells decreased both CD38 protein abundance and cyclase activity. Reductions in cyclase activity were prevented by RyR antagonists, by lysosomal blockers, though not by calpain or proteasomal inhibitors. These findings indicate a novel negative feedback mechanism between RyR channel activity and CD38 abundance acts in cADPr signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommie V McCarthy
- Department of Biochemistry, Biosciences Institute, National University of Ireland, University College Cork, College Road, Cork, Ireland
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