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Ruel Y, Moawad F, Alsarraf J, Pichette A, Legault J, Brambilla D, Pouliot R. Antiproliferative and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of the Polyphenols Phloretin and Balsacone C in a Coculture of T Cells and Psoriatic Keratinocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5639. [PMID: 38891824 PMCID: PMC11171971 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Plaque psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease causing red inflamed lesions covered by scales. Leukocytes, including dendritic cells and T cells, participate in the inflammation of the skin by producing multiple cytokines, thus contributing to the hyperproliferation of keratinocytes. Lack of effectiveness and toxic side effects are the main concerns with conventional treatments, and research involving new antipsoriatic molecules is essential. In this study, the anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative effects of two natural polyphenols, phloretin and balsacone C, were investigated using the coculture of T cells and psoriatic keratinocytes. Phloretin exerted antiproliferative activity by regulating the expression of antigen Ki67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). These effects were comparable to those of methotrexate, a reference treatment for moderate to severe psoriasis. With balsacone C, the expression of Ki67 was also reduced. Additionally, phloretin decreased the levels of multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines: monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2), macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-17A (IL-17A), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). The increased interleukin-2 (IL-2) levels with phloretin and methotrexate also represented anti-inflammatory activity. Balsacone C and methotrexate decreased the levels of IL-1α and IL-1β, but methotrexate exerted a higher reduction. In summary, the anti-inflammatory effects of phloretin were more pronounced than those of methotrexate and balsacone C. In addition, the expression of lymphocyte common antigen (CD45) was more similar to that of the healthy condition after using phloretin or methotrexate. Finally, phloretin stood out from the other compounds and appears promising for psoriasis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine Ruel
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, 1401 18e Rue, Quebec City, QC G1J 2Z4, Canada;
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, 1050 avenue de la Médecine, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Fatma Moawad
- Faculté de pharmacie, Université de Montréal, 2940, chemin de la Polytechnique, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada; (F.M.); (D.B.)
| | - Jérôme Alsarraf
- Laboratoire d’Analyse et de Séparation des Essences Végétales (LASEVE), Centre de Recherche sur la boréalie (CREB), Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 555 boulevard de l’Université, Chicoutimi, QC G7H 2B1, Canada; (J.A.); (A.P.); (J.L.)
| | - André Pichette
- Laboratoire d’Analyse et de Séparation des Essences Végétales (LASEVE), Centre de Recherche sur la boréalie (CREB), Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 555 boulevard de l’Université, Chicoutimi, QC G7H 2B1, Canada; (J.A.); (A.P.); (J.L.)
| | - Jean Legault
- Laboratoire d’Analyse et de Séparation des Essences Végétales (LASEVE), Centre de Recherche sur la boréalie (CREB), Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 555 boulevard de l’Université, Chicoutimi, QC G7H 2B1, Canada; (J.A.); (A.P.); (J.L.)
| | - Davide Brambilla
- Faculté de pharmacie, Université de Montréal, 2940, chemin de la Polytechnique, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada; (F.M.); (D.B.)
| | - Roxane Pouliot
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, 1401 18e Rue, Quebec City, QC G1J 2Z4, Canada;
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, 1050 avenue de la Médecine, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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Ghorbani R, Hosseinzadeh S, Azari A, Taghipour N, Soleimani M, Rahimpour A, Abbaszadeh HA. The Current Status and Future Direction of Extracellular Nano-vesicles in the Alleviation of Skin Disorders. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:351-366. [PMID: 37073662 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x18666230418121053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles (EVs) that originate from endocytic membranes. The transfer of biomolecules and biological compounds such as enzymes, proteins, RNA, lipids, and cellular waste disposal through exosomes plays an essential function in cell-cell communication and regulation of pathological and physiological processes in skin disease. The skin is one of the vital organs that makes up about 8% of the total body mass. This organ consists of three layers, epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis that cover the outer surface of the body. Heterogeneity and endogeneity of exosomes is an advantage that distinguishes them from nanoparticles and liposomes and leads to their widespread usage in the remedy of dermal diseases. The biocompatible nature of these extracellular vesicles has attracted the attention of many health researchers. In this review article, we will first discuss the biogenesis of exosomes, their contents, separation methods, and the advantages and disadvantages of exosomes. Then we will highlight recent developments related to the therapeutic applications of exosomes in the treatment of common skin disorders like atopic dermatitis, alopecia, epidermolysis bullosa, keloid, melanoma, psoriasis, and systemic sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raziyeh Ghorbani
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Simzar Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezo Azari
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloofar Taghipour
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Soleimani
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Rahimpour
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hojjat Allah Abbaszadeh
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Hearing Disorders Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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3
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Kha QH, Le VH, Hung TNK, Nguyen NTK, Le NQK. Development and Validation of an Explainable Machine Learning-Based Prediction Model for Drug-Food Interactions from Chemical Structures. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:3962. [PMID: 37112302 PMCID: PMC10143839 DOI: 10.3390/s23083962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Possible drug-food constituent interactions (DFIs) could change the intended efficiency of particular therapeutics in medical practice. The increasing number of multiple-drug prescriptions leads to the rise of drug-drug interactions (DDIs) and DFIs. These adverse interactions lead to other implications, e.g., the decline in medicament's effect, the withdrawals of various medications, and harmful impacts on the patients' health. However, the importance of DFIs remains underestimated, as the number of studies on these topics is constrained. Recently, scientists have applied artificial intelligence-based models to study DFIs. However, there were still some limitations in data mining, input, and detailed annotations. This study proposed a novel prediction model to address the limitations of previous studies. In detail, we extracted 70,477 food compounds from the FooDB database and 13,580 drugs from the DrugBank database. We extracted 3780 features from each drug-food compound pair. The optimal model was eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). We also validated the performance of our model on one external test set from a previous study which contained 1922 DFIs. Finally, we applied our model to recommend whether a drug should or should not be taken with some food compounds based on their interactions. The model can provide highly accurate and clinically relevant recommendations, especially for DFIs that may cause severe adverse events and even death. Our proposed model can contribute to developing more robust predictive models to help patients, under the supervision and consultants of physicians, avoid DFI adverse effects in combining drugs and foods for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quang-Hien Kha
- International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- AIBioMed Research Group, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Viet-Huan Le
- International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- AIBioMed Research Group, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Khanh Hoa General Hospital, Nha Trang City 65000, Vietnam
| | | | - Ngan Thi Kim Nguyen
- Undergraduate Program of Nutrition Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Nguyen Quoc Khanh Le
- AIBioMed Research Group, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Professional Master Program in Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Research Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Translational Imaging Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
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Heydari Z, Peshkova M, Gonen ZB, Coretchi I, Eken A, Yay AH, Dogan ME, Gokce N, Akalin H, Kosheleva N, Galea-Abdusa D, Ulinici M, Vorojbit V, Shpichka A, Groppa S, Vosough M, Todiras M, Butnaru D, Ozkul Y, Timashev P. EVs vs. EVs: MSCs and Tregs as a source of invisible possibilities. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023; 101:51-63. [PMID: 36527475 PMCID: PMC9759062 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-022-02276-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are produced by various cells and exist in most biological fluids. They play an important role in cell-cell signaling, immune response, and tumor metastasis, and also have theranostic potential. They deliver many functional biomolecules, including DNA, microRNAs (miRNA), messenger RNA (mRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), lipids, and proteins, thus affecting different physiological processes in target cells. Decreased immunogenicity compared to liposomes or viral vectors and the ability to cross through physiological barriers such as the blood-brain barrier make them an attractive and innovative option as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic carriers. Here, we highlighted two types of cells that can produce functional EVs, namely, mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) and regulatory T cells (Tregs), discussing MSC/Treg-derived EV-based therapies for some specific diseases including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), autoimmune diseases, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Heydari
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Peshkova
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia.,World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Ianos Coretchi
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Ahmet Eken
- Betül-Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), Kayseri, Turkey.,Department of Medical Biology, Erciyes University School of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Arzu Hanım Yay
- Betül-Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), Kayseri, Turkey.,Department of Histology and Embryology, Erciyes University School of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Muhammet Ensar Dogan
- Department of Medical Genetic, Erciyes University School of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Nuriye Gokce
- Department of Medical Genetic, Erciyes University School of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Hilal Akalin
- Department of Medical Genetic, Erciyes University School of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Nastasia Kosheleva
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia.,FSBSI Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Daniela Galea-Abdusa
- Genetics Laboratory, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Mariana Ulinici
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Valentina Vorojbit
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Anastasia Shpichka
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia.,World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia.,Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Stanislav Groppa
- Department of Neurology, Nicolae Testemițanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chisinau, Moldova.,Laboratory of Neurobiology and Medical Genetics, Nicolae Testemițanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chisinau, Moldova.,Department of Neurology, Institute of Emergency Medicine, Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mihail Todiras
- Drug Research Center, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chisinau, Moldova
| | | | - Yusuf Ozkul
- Betül-Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), Kayseri, Turkey. .,Department of Medical Genetic, Erciyes University School of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Peter Timashev
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia. .,World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia. .,Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
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5
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Abstract
Several environmental factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD); however, the evidence for alcohol is sparse, as is its implications on disease activity and overall management. Here, we examine the available evidence for the effect of alcohol on IBD, including its association with the development of IBD, role in exacerbations, and potential medication interactions. Several mechanisms have been demonstrated to mediate the effects of ethanol in the gastrointestinal tract. Alcohol has been shown to alter the gut microbiome, disrupt intestinal barrier, and increase intestinal permeability, directly and indirectly promoting immune activation. Conversely, specific alcoholic beverages, notably red wine, may have anti-inflammatory properties capable of assisting in disease control and affecting disease monitoring. Nonetheless, most alcohol-mediated effects seem to facilitate intestinal inflammation and consequently impact disease onset, recurrence, and symptom control. Furthermore, alcohol use interferes with the metabolism of several medications leading to increased side effect profiles or even loss of effect. Notably, mesalamine, azathioprine, methotrexate, and biologic medications can all be affected by concomitant alcohol intake via a variety of mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley A White
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Guilherme Piovezani Ramos
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sunanda Kane
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Björnsson ES, Andrade RJ. Long-term sequelae of drug-induced liver injury. J Hepatol 2022; 76:435-445. [PMID: 34688732 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2021.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) has a very variable clinical and biochemical phenotype and differs widely in severity, from mild injury to life-threatening liver failure. Chronic injury has also been reported to occur at a variable frequency, ranging from 3.4% to 39%, 6-12 months after discontinuing the implicated agent. This wide range is probably related to various definitions of chronic liver injury and variable selection of patients. The long-term sequalae of this chronic injury in terms of morbidity and mortality are unclear, although rare vanishing bile duct syndrome is associated with an unfavourable prognosis, with increased risk of chronic liver failure and need for liver transplantation. Other forms of long-term sequalae associated with DILI are progressive fibrosis, autoimmune-like hepatitis, secondary sclerosing cholangitis, sinusoidal obstruction syndrome and, as a common final stage, the development of cirrhosis, portal hypertension and its complications. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, which can cause an autoimmune-like phenotype have also recently been shown to cause sclerosing cholangitis with cytotoxic T CD8+ cell infiltration in biliary tracts. DILI has been shown to have a significant impact on health-related quality of life but very little is known about its psychological consequences in the long-term. Further investigations with structured long-term follow-up and periodic quality of life surveys are needed to assess the impact of DILI on psychological outcomes, particularly in those with chronic sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Einar S Björnsson
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Iceland; Department of Gastroenterology, Landspitali University Hospital Reykjavik, Iceland.
| | - Raul J Andrade
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Enfermedades Digestivas, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Universidad de Málaga, Malaga, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain.
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Patel S, Kumthekar A. Psoriatic Arthritis: The Influence of Co-morbidities on Drug Choice. Rheumatol Ther 2022; 9:49-71. [PMID: 34797530 PMCID: PMC8814223 DOI: 10.1007/s40744-021-00397-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is associated with a higher burden of co-morbidities such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, inflammatory eye disease, inflammatory bowel disease, skin cancer and depression compared to the general population. In the last 20 years, the therapeutic options for PsA have increased exponentially with the availability of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) inhibitors, interleukin (IL)-17 inhibitors, IL-12/23 inhibitors and Janus kinases/signal transducer and activator of transcription proteins (JAK/STAT) inhibitors. The articular and extra-articular manifestations of PsA usually dictate the treatment choice but important consideration must be given to the corresponding co-morbidities while deciding the drug therapy due to associated safety profile, effect on disease activity, etc. This review provides a comprehensive review of common co-morbidities in PsA and how they can influence treatment choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Patel
- Rheumatology, Acclaim Physicians/JPS Hospital, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Anand Kumthekar
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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Hepatotoxic potentials of methotrexate: Understanding the possible toxicological molecular mechanisms. Toxicology 2021; 458:152840. [PMID: 34175381 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is one of the most effective and widely used drugs in the management of autoimmune and dermatological diseases. Rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis patients who are under long term MTX-therapy are at high risk of developing a liver injury. Accumulation of intracellular MTX-polyglutamate (MTX-PG), a metabolite of MTX triggers oxidative stress, inflammation, steatosis, fibrosis, and apoptosis in hepatocytes. MTX-PG causes oxidative stress in the liver by inducing lipid peroxidation thereby releasing reactive oxygen species and suppressing antioxidant response elements. MTX-PG induces several pro-inflammatory signaling pathways and cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α, nuclear factor kappa B and interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL- β1, IL-12. MTX-PG depletes hepatic folate level and decreases RNA and DNA synthesis leading to hepatocyte death. MTX-PG inhibits 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide transformylase enzyme and thereby causes accumulation of intracellular adenosine, which causes activation of hepatic stellate cells, extracellular matrix accumulation and hepatic fibrosis. MTX-PG induces hepatocytes apoptosis by activation of caspase 3 via the intrinsic pathway. Clinically, aggravation of underlying fatty liver to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis with fibrosis seems to be an important mechanism of liver injury in MTX-treated RA patients. Therefore, there is a need for monitoring liver injury in RA, psoriatic and cancer patients with NAFLD and fibrosis risk factors during MTX treatment. This review summarizes the possible molecular mechanism of MTX-induced hepatotoxicity. It may pave the way for early detection of liver injury and develop novel strategies for treating MTX mediated hepatotoxicity.
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Methotrexate does not increase the risk of liver fibrosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: assessment by ultrasound elastography (ARFI-MetRA study). Rheumatol Int 2021; 41:1079-1087. [PMID: 33608744 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-021-04804-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Only limited data are available on the risk of liver fibrosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis on long-term methotrexate treatment. To assess the risk of liver fibrosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with methotrexate, non-invasive, ultrasound-based elastography [acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) imaging] was applied. METHODS In total, 119 patients were assessed using acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) imaging between July 2018 and April 2019. In a cross-sectional, single-centre study design, ARFI scores were compared between patient subgroups with (n = 65) and without (n = 54) methotrexate exposure. The main outcome variable was the mean fibrosis score as measured by the ARFI method. The mean shear wave velocity was calculated from 10 valid ARFI measurements for each patient. Inferential statistical analyses (between group) were performed using ANOVA for independent samples in the case of continuous outcome variables. RESULTS Sixty-five patients with and fifty-four patients without MTX exposure were assessed using the ARFI elastography method. Participating patients on MTX medication (1.113 m/s) showed ARFI scores that were comparable to those of participants without MTX exposure (1.062 m/s); P = 0.228. The mean cumulative dose in the group of MTX-exposed patients was 3602 mg. CONCLUSION The mean value of the repeated determination of liver density using ARFI imaging did not differ significantly between the MTX-exposed and MTX-naive patients with RA. No increased rate of liver fibrosis was found among RA patients treated with MTX.
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Zhang B, Lai RC, Sim WK, Choo ABH, Lane EB, Lim SK. Topical Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes Alleviates the Imiquimod Induced Psoriasis-Like Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020720. [PMID: 33450859 PMCID: PMC7828312 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe psoriasis, a chronic inflammatory skin disease is increasingly being effectively managed by targeted immunotherapy but long-term immunotherapy poses health risk and loss of response. Therefore, there is a need for alternative therapy strategies. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) exosomes are widely known for their potent immunomodulatory properties. Here we investigated if topically applied MSC exosomes could alleviate psoriasis-associated inflammation. Topically applied fluorescent exosomes on human skin explants were confined primarily to the stratum corneum with <1% input fluorescence exiting the explant over a 24-h period. Nevertheless, topically applied MSC exosomes in a mouse model of imiquimod (IMQ) psoriasis significantly reduced IL-17 and terminal complement activation complex C5b-9 in the mouse skin. MSC exosomes were previously shown to inhibit complement activation, specifically C5b-9 complex formation through CD59. Infiltration of neutrophils into the stratum corneum is characteristic of psoriasis and neutrophils are a major cellular source of IL-17 in psoriasis through the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). We propose that topically applied MSC exosomes inhibit complement activation in the stratum corneum and this alleviates IL-17 release by NETS from neutrophils that accumulate in and beneath the stratum corneum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB)—A*STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, #05-39 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore; (B.Z.); (R.C.L.); (W.K.S.)
| | - Ruenn Chai Lai
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB)—A*STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, #05-39 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore; (B.Z.); (R.C.L.); (W.K.S.)
| | - Wei Kian Sim
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB)—A*STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, #05-39 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore; (B.Z.); (R.C.L.); (W.K.S.)
| | - Andre Boon Hwa Choo
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI)—A*STAR, 20 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138668, Singapore;
| | - Ellen Birgit Lane
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore (SRIS)—A*STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, #06-06 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore;
| | - Sai Kiang Lim
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB)—A*STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, #05-39 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore; (B.Z.); (R.C.L.); (W.K.S.)
- Department of Surgery, YLL School of Medicine, National University of Singapore c/o NUHS Tower Block, Level 8. IE Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +65-6407-0161 or +65-6407-0150
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van Winden MEC, van der Schoot LS, van de L’Isle Arias M, van Vugt LJ, van den Reek JMPA, van de Kerkhof PCM, de Jong EMGJ, Lubeek SFK. Effectiveness and Safety of Systemic Therapy for Psoriasis in Older Adults. JAMA Dermatol 2020; 156:1229-1239. [DOI: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2020.2311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lieke J. van Vugt
- Department of Dermatology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Elke M. G. J. de Jong
- Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Satish F. K. Lubeek
- Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Wang Z, Huang Y, Nossent H, Chan JJ, Adams LA, Joseph J, Cheng W, Garas G, MacQuillan G, Jeffrey GP. Hepascore predicts liver outcomes and all-cause mortality in long-term methotrexate users: A retrospective cohort study. JGH OPEN 2020; 4:1211-1216. [PMID: 33319058 PMCID: PMC7731826 DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.12430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background and aim Methotrexate (MTX) is routinely used for immunological disorders, and its long‐term use is associated with hepatotoxicity. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a serum liver fibrosis test (Hepascore) predicted the risk of adverse liver‐related outcomes and mortality. Methods A total of 92 patients in Western Australia who had a long‐term MTX intake history,from 2004 to 2016, were recruited and followed up from the first Hepascore to death or end of the study. Clinical data, all deaths, and liver‐related outcomes (liver‐related death and decompensation) were obtained from hospital, PathWest, and WA Data Linkage Unit databases. Results Nine deaths and four adverse liver‐related outcomes occurred during the follow up of 354 person‐years. The 5‐year survival was 86.1%. The liver‐related outcome free survival was 95.6%. Baseline Hepascore ≥0.84 was associated with advanced fibrosis on liver biopsy (P = 0.025). A baseline Hepascore ≥0.84 was significantly associated with higher risks for adverse liver‐related outcomes (P < 0.001) and all‐cause mortality (P = 0.001). Cox regression demonstrated that only baseline Hepascore ≥0.84 was independently associated with the increased risk of all‐cause mortality (7.91 [1.52–41.29], P = 0.014). Moreover, any Hepascore ≥0.84 found during follow up was independently associated with the increased risk of all‐cause mortality (86.18 [4.03–1844.83], P = 0.007). Conclusions This study demonstrated the potential importance of Hepascore monitoring in long‐term MTX users. Patients with a Hepascore higher than 0.84 at any stage had increased mortality, but further studies are required to confirm this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyi Wang
- School of Medicine and PharmacologyThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Department of HepatologySir Charles Gairdner HospitalPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Yi Huang
- School of Medicine and PharmacologyThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Department of HepatologySir Charles Gairdner HospitalPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Hans Nossent
- School of Medicine and PharmacologyThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Department of RheumatologySir Charles Gairdner HospitalPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Jonathan J Chan
- Department of DermatologySir Charles Gairdner HospitalPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Leon A Adams
- School of Medicine and PharmacologyThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Department of HepatologySir Charles Gairdner HospitalPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - John Joseph
- Department of BiochemistryPathWest Laboratory MedicinePerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Wendy Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyRoyal Perth HospitalPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - George Garas
- Department of HepatologySir Charles Gairdner HospitalPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Gerry MacQuillan
- School of Medicine and PharmacologyThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Department of HepatologySir Charles Gairdner HospitalPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Gary P Jeffrey
- School of Medicine and PharmacologyThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Department of HepatologySir Charles Gairdner HospitalPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
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Balak DMW, Gerdes S, Parodi A, Salgado-Boquete L. Long-term Safety of Oral Systemic Therapies for Psoriasis: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2020; 10:589-613. [PMID: 32529393 PMCID: PMC7367959 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-020-00409-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral systemic therapies are important treatment options for patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis, either as monotherapy or in therapy-recalcitrant cases as combination therapy with phototherapy, other oral systemics or biologics. Long-term treatment is needed to maintain sufficient disease control in psoriasis, but continuous use of systemic treatments is limited by adverse events (AEs) and cumulative toxicity risks. The primary aim of this comprehensive literature review was to examine the long-term safety profiles of oral agents commonly used in the treatment of adults with psoriasis. Searches were conducted in EMBASE and PubMed up to November 2018, and 157 relevant publications were included. Long-term treatment with acitretin could be associated with skeletal toxicity and hepatotoxicity, although evidence for skeletal toxicity is mixed and hepatotoxicity is rare, particularly at low doses. Other safety issues include hyperlipidaemia and potential for teratogenicity up to 2-3 years after discontinuation of treatment. There is a paucity of data on long-term treatment with apremilast. Continued exposure to apremilast does not seem to increase the incidence of common AEs, such as gastrointestinal (GI) AEs, upper respiratory tract infections and headache, while the long-term risks for depression, suicidal thoughts and weight loss are unknown. Long-term ciclosporin treatment is associated with renal toxicity, hypertension, non-melanoma skin cancer, neurological AEs and GI AEs. Long-term methotrexate treatment is associated with hepatotoxicity, GI AEs, haematological toxicity, renal toxicity and alopecia. Finally, long-term treatment with fumaric acid esters (FAE) is associated with GI AEs, flushing, lymphocytopenia, proteinuria and elevated liver enzymes. Median drug survival estimates varied considerably: ~ 2.9-9.7 months for apremilast; ~ 5.4 months for ciclosporin; ~ 8.6 months for acitretin; ~ 12.1-21.6 months for methotrexate; and ~ 54.8 months for FAE. These long-term safety profiles may help to guide clinicians to select the optimal oral systemic treatment for the long-term treatment of psoriasis in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak M W Balak
- Department of Dermatology, LangeLand Ziekenhuis, Zoetermeer, the Netherlands.
| | - Sascha Gerdes
- Department of Dermatology, Psoriasis-Center, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Aurora Parodi
- DiSSal Section of Dermatology, University of Genoa-Ospedale-Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
| | - Laura Salgado-Boquete
- Department of Dermatology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Pontevedra, Pontevedra, Spain
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Mori S, Arima N, Ito M, Ueki Y, Abe Y, Aoyagi K, Fujiyama S. Incidence, predictive factors and severity of methotrexate-related liver injury in rheumatoid arthritis: a longitudinal cohort study. Rheumatol Adv Pract 2020; 4:rkaa020. [PMID: 33134809 PMCID: PMC7585403 DOI: 10.1093/rap/rkaa020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aims were to determine the incidence rate, predictive factors and severity of liver injury that develops during MTX treatment for RA and to evaluate the role of pretreatment hepatic fat deposition. METHODS We used an ongoing real-life registry containing RA patients who had started MTX between August 2007 and April 2018 at participating institutions. The liver-to-spleen attenuation ratio on CT scans at enrolment was used to evaluate pretreatment fat deposition quantitatively. Patients were followed until persistent transaminitis developed or until the end of the study. Liver biopsy was performed for patients who presented with persistent transaminitis. RESULTS We followed 289 new MTX users without pretreatment elevations of transaminases (mean follow-up time, 58.3 months). Hepatic fat deposition was detected in half of the patients at enrolment. During follow-up, persistent transaminitis occurred at a crude incidence rate of 3.13 per 100 person-years, and the cumulative incidence at 5 years was estimated to be 13%. A multivariate Fine-Gray regression analysis showed that the most important predictive factors were pre-existing moderate to severe fat deposition (adjusted hazard ratio, 7.69; 95% CI: 3.10, 19.10) and obesity (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.68; 95% CI: 1.37, 5.25). Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) was the most predominant pattern in liver biopsy samples. Hepatic fibrosis was found in 90% of samples, but most cases were not advanced. CONCLUSION Aggravation of underlying fatty liver to NASH with fibrosis seems to be an important mechanism of liver injury that occurs in MTX-treated RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Mori
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Research Center for Rheumatic Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kumamoto Saishun Medical Center, Kohshi, Kumamoto
| | - Nobuyuki Arima
- Department of Pathology, Kumamoto Shinto General Hospital, Kumamoto
| | - Masahiro Ito
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center, Omura, Nagasaki
| | - Yukitaka Ueki
- Rheumatic and Collagen Disease Center, Sasebo Chuo Hospital, Sasebo, Nagasaki
| | - Yasuyo Abe
- Department of Public Health, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki
| | - Kiyoshi Aoyagi
- Department of Public Health, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki
| | - Shigetoshi Fujiyama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kumamoto Shinto General Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
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Gisondi P, Geat D, Conti A, Dapavo P, Piaserico S, De Simone C, Bianchi L, Costanzo A, Malagoli P, Malara G, Micali G, Naldi L, Offidani A, Patrizi A, Prignano F, Parodi A, Rongioletti F, Calzavara-Pinton P, Girolomoni G. TNF-α inhibitors biosimilars as first line systemic treatment for moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2020; 16:591-598. [DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2020.1771182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Gisondi
- Department of Medicine, Section of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Davide Geat
- Department of Medicine, Section of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Andrea Conti
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences Related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, Dermatology Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Paolo Dapavo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, Second Dermatologic Clinic, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefano Piaserico
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Clara De Simone
- Dermatology, Institute of Dermatology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Bianchi
- Dermatologic Unit, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Piergiorgio Malagoli
- Department of Dermatology, Dermatology Unit Azienda Ospedaliera San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Malara
- Dermatology Unit, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano, Bianchi Melacrino Morelli, Reggio, Italy
| | | | - Luigi Naldi
- Unit of Dermatology, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Annamaria Offidani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Dermatological Clinic, Polytechnic Marche University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Annalisa Patrizi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Division of Dermatology, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - F. Prignano
- Unit of Dermatology, Department of Dermatological Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Aurora Parodi
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Health Sciences, San Martino University Hospital IRCCS, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Franco Rongioletti
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Section of Dermatology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Giampiero Girolomoni
- Department of Medicine, Section of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Kondo K, Yamada N, Suzuki Y, Hashimoto T, Toyoda K, Takahashi T, Kobayashi A, Sugai S, Yoshinari K. Enhancement of acetaminophen-induced chronic hepatotoxicity in spontaneously diabetic torii (SDT) rats. J Toxicol Sci 2020; 45:245-260. [PMID: 32404557 DOI: 10.2131/jts.45.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Some patients encounter hepatotoxicity after repeated acetaminophen (APAP) dosing even at therapeutic doses. In the present study, we focused on the diabetic state as one of the suggested risk factors of drug-induced liver injury in humans and investigated the contribution of accelerated gluconeogenesis to the susceptibility to APAP-induced hepatotoxicity using an animal model of type 2 diabetes patients. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and spontaneously diabetic torii (SDT) rats were each given APAP at 0 mg/kg, 300 and 500 mg/kg for 35 days by oral gavage. Plasma and urinary glutathione-related metabolites, liver function parameters, and hepatic glutathione levels were compared between the non-APAP-treated SDT and SD rats and between the APAP-treated SDT and SD rats. Hepatic function parameters were not increased at either dose level in the APAP-treated SD rats, but were increased at both dose levels in the APAP-treated SDT rats. Increases in hepatic glutathione levels attributable to the treatment of APAP were noted only in the APAP-treated SD rats. There were differences in the profiles of plasma and urinary glutathione-related metabolites between the non-APAP-treated SD and SDT rats and the plasma/urinary endogenous metabolite profile after treatment with APAP in the SDT rats indicated that hepatic glutathione synthesis was decreased due to accelerated gluconeogenesis. In conclusion, SDT rats were more sensitive to APAP-induced chronic hepatotoxicity than SD rats and the high susceptibility of SDT rats was considered to be attributable to lowered hepatic glutathione levels induced by accelerated gluconeogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuma Kondo
- Toxicology Research Lab., Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, JAPAN TOBACCO INC.,Department of Molecular Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Naohito Yamada
- Toxicology Research Lab., Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, JAPAN TOBACCO INC
| | - Yusuke Suzuki
- Toxicology Research Lab., Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, JAPAN TOBACCO INC
| | - Tatsuji Hashimoto
- Toxicology Research Lab., Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, JAPAN TOBACCO INC
| | - Kaoru Toyoda
- Toxicology Research Lab., Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, JAPAN TOBACCO INC
| | - Tadakazu Takahashi
- Toxicology Research Lab., Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, JAPAN TOBACCO INC
| | - Akio Kobayashi
- Toxicology Research Lab., Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, JAPAN TOBACCO INC
| | - Shoichiro Sugai
- Toxicology Research Lab., Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, JAPAN TOBACCO INC
| | - Kouichi Yoshinari
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
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Yang Y, Liu X. Imbalance of Drug Transporter-CYP450s Interplay by Diabetes and Its Clinical Significance. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E348. [PMID: 32290519 PMCID: PMC7238081 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12040348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The pharmacokinetics of a drug is dependent upon the coordinate work of influx transporters, enzymes and efflux transporters (i.e., transporter-enzyme interplay). The transporter-enzyme interplay may occur in liver, kidney and intestine. The influx transporters involving drug transport are organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs), peptide transporters (PepTs), organic anion transporters (OATs), monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) and organic cation transporters (OCTs). The efflux transporters are P-glycoprotein (P-gp), multidrug/toxin extrusions (MATEs), multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRPs) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP). The enzymes related to drug metabolism are mainly cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450s) and UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs). Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that diabetes alters the expression and functions of CYP450s and transporters in a different manner, disordering the transporter-enzyme interplay, in turn affecting the pharmacokinetics of some drugs. We aimed to focus on (1) the imbalance of transporter-CYP450 interplay in the liver, intestine and kidney due to altered expressions of influx transporters (OATPs, OCTs, OATs, PepTs and MCT6), efflux transporters (P-gp, BCRP and MRP2) and CYP450s (CYP3As, CYP1A2, CYP2E1 and CYP2Cs) under diabetic status; (2) the net contributions of these alterations in the expression and functions of transporters and CYP450s to drug disposition, therapeutic efficacy and drug toxicity; (3) application of a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model in transporter-enzyme interplay.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China;
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Abstract
Idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is an underreported and underestimated adverse drug reaction. A recent population-based study found a crude incidence of approximately 19 cases per 100,000 a year. Amoxicillin-clavulanate continues to be the most commonly implicated agent in most Western countries, reported to occur in approximately 1 of 2300 users. In patients with drug-induced autoimmune hepatitis, liver tests often do not normalize with cessation of the drugs and require corticosteroids. DILI associated with jaundice can lead to death from liver failure or require liver transplantation in at least 10% of cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Einar S Björnsson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The National University Hospital of Iceland, University of Iceland, Hringbraut, Reykjavík 101, Iceland.
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19
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Pakchotanon R, Ye JY, Cook RJ, Chandran V, Gladman DD. Liver Abnormalities in Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis. J Rheumatol 2019; 47:847-853. [PMID: 31615918 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.181312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine the prevalence and incidence, and to identify the factors associated with liver abnormalities in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). METHODS From a longitudinal cohort study, we identified PsA patients with either elevated serum transaminase or alkaline phosphatase levels or liver disease after the first visit to the PsA clinic (cases). Controls were subjects from the same cohort who never had such abnormalities or liver disease. Cases and controls were matched 1:1 by sex, age at the first clinic visit, and followup duration; variables at the onset of the first appearance of liver test abnormality associated with liver abnormalities were identified using univariate logistic and multivariate logistic regression analyses. RESULTS Among 1061 patients followed in the PsA clinic, 343 had liver abnormalities. Two hundred fifty-six patients who developed liver abnormalities after the first visit were identified as cases, and 718 patients were identified as controls. The prevalence of liver abnormalities was 32% and the incidence was 39/1000 patient-years where there were 256 cases over 6533 total person-years in the PsA cohort. Liver abnormalities were detected after a mean (SD) followup duration of 8.3 ± 7.8 years. The common causes of liver abnormalities were drug-induced hepatitis and fatty liver. Independent factors associated with liver abnormalities were higher body mass index (BMI), daily alcohol intake, higher damaged joint count, elevated C-reactive protein, and use of methotrexate, leflunomide, or tumor necrosis factor inhibitors. CONCLUSION Liver abnormalities are common among patients with PsA and are associated with higher BMI, more severe disease, and certain therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rattapol Pakchotanon
- From the Psoriatic Arthritis Program, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto; Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo; University of Toronto, Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Toronto, Toronto; Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Rheumatic Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Phramongkutlao Hospital and College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand.,R. Pakchotanon, MD, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, and Rheumatic Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Phramongkutlao Hospital and College of Medicine; J.Y. Ye, Biostatistician, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital; R.J. Cook, PhD, Professor, Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo; V. Chandran, MBBS, MD, DM, PhD, Assistant Professor, University of Toronto, Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Toronto, Co-Director, Psoriatic Arthritis Program, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Director, Psoriatic Arthritis Program, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Senior Scientist, Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network
| | - Justine Yang Ye
- From the Psoriatic Arthritis Program, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto; Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo; University of Toronto, Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Toronto, Toronto; Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Rheumatic Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Phramongkutlao Hospital and College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand.,R. Pakchotanon, MD, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, and Rheumatic Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Phramongkutlao Hospital and College of Medicine; J.Y. Ye, Biostatistician, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital; R.J. Cook, PhD, Professor, Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo; V. Chandran, MBBS, MD, DM, PhD, Assistant Professor, University of Toronto, Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Toronto, Co-Director, Psoriatic Arthritis Program, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Director, Psoriatic Arthritis Program, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Senior Scientist, Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network
| | - Richard J Cook
- From the Psoriatic Arthritis Program, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto; Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo; University of Toronto, Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Toronto, Toronto; Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Rheumatic Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Phramongkutlao Hospital and College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand.,R. Pakchotanon, MD, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, and Rheumatic Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Phramongkutlao Hospital and College of Medicine; J.Y. Ye, Biostatistician, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital; R.J. Cook, PhD, Professor, Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo; V. Chandran, MBBS, MD, DM, PhD, Assistant Professor, University of Toronto, Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Toronto, Co-Director, Psoriatic Arthritis Program, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Director, Psoriatic Arthritis Program, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Senior Scientist, Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network
| | - Vinod Chandran
- From the Psoriatic Arthritis Program, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto; Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo; University of Toronto, Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Toronto, Toronto; Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Rheumatic Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Phramongkutlao Hospital and College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand.,R. Pakchotanon, MD, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, and Rheumatic Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Phramongkutlao Hospital and College of Medicine; J.Y. Ye, Biostatistician, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital; R.J. Cook, PhD, Professor, Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo; V. Chandran, MBBS, MD, DM, PhD, Assistant Professor, University of Toronto, Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Toronto, Co-Director, Psoriatic Arthritis Program, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Director, Psoriatic Arthritis Program, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Senior Scientist, Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network
| | - Dafna D Gladman
- From the Psoriatic Arthritis Program, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto; Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo; University of Toronto, Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Toronto, Toronto; Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Rheumatic Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Phramongkutlao Hospital and College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand. .,R. Pakchotanon, MD, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, and Rheumatic Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Phramongkutlao Hospital and College of Medicine; J.Y. Ye, Biostatistician, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital; R.J. Cook, PhD, Professor, Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo; V. Chandran, MBBS, MD, DM, PhD, Assistant Professor, University of Toronto, Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Toronto, Co-Director, Psoriatic Arthritis Program, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Director, Psoriatic Arthritis Program, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Senior Scientist, Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network.
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Risk Factors for the Development of Psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184347. [PMID: 31491865 PMCID: PMC6769762 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 273] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is an immune-mediated genetic skin disease. The underlying pathomechanisms involve complex interaction between the innate and adaptive immune system. T cells interact with dendritic cells, macrophages, and keratinocytes, which can be mediated by their secreted cytokines. In the past decade, biologics targeting tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-23, and IL-17 have been developed and approved for the treatment of psoriasis. These biologics have dramatically changed the treatment and management of psoriasis. In contrast, various triggering factors can elicit the disease in genetically predisposed individuals. Recent studies suggest that the exacerbation of psoriasis can lead to systemic inflammation and cardiovascular comorbidity. In addition, psoriasis may be associated with other auto-inflammatory and auto-immune diseases. In this review, we summarize the risk factors, which can be divided into two groups (namely, extrinsic and intrinsic risk factors), responsible for the onset and exacerbation of psoriasis in order to facilitate its prevention.
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Li X, Wang L, Li D, Niu J, Gao P. Dyslipidemia is a Risk Factor for the Incidence and Severity of Drug-Induced Liver Injury (DILI): A Retrospective Population-Based Study in China. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:3344-3353. [PMID: 31059494 PMCID: PMC6515978 DOI: 10.12659/msm.916687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A Chinese population-based study aimed to investigate the risk factors for the incidence and severity of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) from Chinese herbal medicines and conventional Western medicines. Material/Methods Liver biopsy and routine laboratory testing, including serum lipid measurements, was performed on 465 patients, including 168 patients with DILI and 297 patients without DILI. Histological grading of DILI used the METAVIR scoring system and the severity of DILI was graded as levels 0–5. Multivariate and univariate regression analysis were used to compare the two study groups, using a risk-adjusted odds ratio (AOR). Results There was no significant association between age, alcohol status, cardiovascular disease (CVD), hypertension, or type 2 diabetes mellitus and development of DILI. However, when compared with controls, patients with dyslipidemia (AOR, 2.173; 95% CI, 1.388–3.401; P=0.001) had an increased incidence of DILI, and men had a reduced incidence of DILI when compared with women (AOR, 0.276; 95% CI, 0.169–0.450; P<0.001). Risk factors for severe DILI (≥level 3) included drinking alcohol (AOR, 6.506; 95% CI, 2.184–19.384; P=0.001), and dyslipidemia (AOR, 3.095; 95% CI, 1.345–7.123; P=0.008). Patients with an increased duration of drug treatment of >1 year had a reduced risk of developing severe DILI compared with patients with a medication duration of ≤1 month (AOR, 0.259; 95% CI, 0.084–0.802). Conclusions Increased risk of the incidence of DILI was significantly associated with female gender and dyslipidemia, and the risk of developing severe DILI was associated with drinking alcohol and dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Li
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Dezhao Li
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Junqi Niu
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Pujun Gao
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
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Chiricozzi A, Gisondi P, Girolomoni G. The pharmacological management of patients with comorbid psoriasis and obesity. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2019; 20:863-872. [DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2019.1583207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Chiricozzi
- Institute of Dermatology, Catholic University - Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Gisondi
- Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giampiero Girolomoni
- Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Singh JA, Guyatt G, Ogdie A, Gladman DD, Deal C, Deodhar A, Dubreuil M, Dunham J, Husni ME, Kenny S, Kwan-Morley J, Lin J, Marchetta P, Mease PJ, Merola JF, Miner J, Ritchlin CT, Siaton B, Smith BJ, Van Voorhees AS, Jonsson AH, Shah AA, Sullivan N, Turgunbaev M, Coates LC, Gottlieb A, Magrey M, Nowell WB, Orbai AM, Reddy SM, Scher JU, Siegel E, Siegel M, Walsh JA, Turner AS, Reston J. Special Article: 2018 American College of Rheumatology/National Psoriasis Foundation Guideline for the Treatment of Psoriatic Arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2018; 71:5-32. [PMID: 30499246 DOI: 10.1002/art.40726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 288] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop an evidence-based guideline for the pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatment of psoriatic arthritis (PsA), as a collaboration between the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and the National Psoriasis Foundation (NPF). METHODS We identified critical outcomes in PsA and clinically relevant PICO (population/intervention/comparator/outcomes) questions. A Literature Review Team performed a systematic literature review to summarize evidence supporting the benefits and harms of available pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic therapies for PsA. GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) methodology was used to rate the quality of the evidence. A voting panel, including rheumatologists, dermatologists, other health professionals, and patients, achieved consensus on the direction and the strength of the recommendations. RESULTS The guideline covers the management of active PsA in patients who are treatment-naive and those who continue to have active PsA despite treatment, and addresses the use of oral small molecules, tumor necrosis factor inhibitors, interleukin-12/23 inhibitors (IL-12/23i), IL-17 inhibitors, CTLA4-Ig (abatacept), and a JAK inhibitor (tofacitinib). We also developed recommendations for psoriatic spondylitis, predominant enthesitis, and treatment in the presence of concomitant inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes, or serious infections. We formulated recommendations for a treat-to-target strategy, vaccinations, and nonpharmacologic therapies. Six percent of the recommendations were strong and 94% conditional, indicating the importance of active discussion between the health care provider and the patient to choose the optimal treatment. CONCLUSION The 2018 ACR/NPF PsA guideline serves as a tool for health care providers and patients in the selection of appropriate therapy in common clinical scenarios. Best treatment decisions consider each individual patient situation. The guideline is not meant to be proscriptive and should not be used to limit treatment options for patients with PsA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasvinder A Singh
- University of Alabama at Birmingham and Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama
| | | | | | - Dafna D Gladman
- University of Toronto and Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Janice Lin
- Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | | | - Philip J Mease
- Swedish-Providence Health Systems and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Joseph F Merola
- Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Julie Miner
- Comprehensive Therapy Consultants and Therapy Steps, Roswell, Georgia
| | | | | | - Benjamin J Smith
- Florida State University College of Medicine School of Physician Assistant Practice, Tallahassee
| | | | - Anna Helena Jonsson
- Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | | | - Alice Gottlieb
- New York Medical College at Metropolitan Hospital, New York, New York
| | | | | | | | - Soumya M Reddy
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Jose U Scher
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Evan Siegel
- Arthritis & Rheumatism Associates, Rockville, Maryland
| | | | - Jessica A Walsh
- University of Utah and George E. Wahlen VeteranS Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Amy S Turner
- American College of Rheumatology, Atlanta, Georgia
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24
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Singh JA, Guyatt G, Ogdie A, Gladman DD, Deal C, Deodhar A, Dubreuil M, Dunham J, Husni ME, Kenny S, Kwan-Morley J, Lin J, Marchetta P, Mease PJ, Merola JF, Miner J, Ritchlin CT, Siaton B, Smith BJ, Van Voorhees AS, Jonsson AH, Shah AA, Sullivan N, Turgunbaev M, Coates LC, Gottlieb A, Magrey M, Nowell WB, Orbai AM, Reddy SM, Scher JU, Siegel E, Siegel M, Walsh JA, Turner AS, Reston J. 2018 American College of Rheumatology/National Psoriasis Foundation Guideline for the Treatment of Psoriatic Arthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/2475530318812244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To develop an evidence-based guideline for the pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatment of psoriatic arthritis (PsA), as a collaboration between the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and the National Psoriasis Foundation (NPF). Methods: We identified critical outcomes in PsA and clinically relevant PICO (population/intervention/comparator/outcomes) questions. A Literature Review Team performed a systematic literature review to summarize evidence supporting the benefits and harms of available pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic therapies for PsA. GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) methodology was used to rate the quality of the evidence. A voting panel, including rheumatologists, dermatologists, other health professionals, and patients, achieved consensus on the direction and the strength of the recommendations. Results: The guideline covers the management of active PsA in patients who are treatment-naive and those who continue to have active PsA despite treatment, and addresses the use of oral small molecules, tumor necrosis factor inhibitors, interleukin-12/23 inhibitors (IL-12/23i), IL-17 inhibitors, CTLA4-Ig (abatacept), and a JAK inhibitor (tofacitinib). We also developed recommendations for psoriatic spondylitis, predominant enthesitis, and treatment in the presence of concomitant inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes, or serious infections. We formulated recommendations for a treat-to-target strategy, vaccinations, and nonpharmacologic therapies. Six percent of the recommendations were strong and 94% conditional, indicating the importance of active discussion between the health care provider and the patient to choose the optimal treatment. Conclusion: The 2018 ACR/NPF PsA guideline serves as a tool for health care providers and patients in the selection of appropriate therapy in common clinical scenarios. Best treatment decisions consider each individual patient situation. The guideline is not meant to be proscriptive and should not be used to limit treatment options for patients with PsA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasvinder A. Singh
- University of Alabama at Birmingham and Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama
| | | | - Alexis Ogdie
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Dafna D. Gladman
- University of Toronto and Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chad Deal
- Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Atul Deodhar
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Philip J. Mease
- Swedish-Providence Health Systems and University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joseph F. Merola
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julie Miner
- Comprehensive Therapy Consultants and Therapy Steps, Roswell, GA, USA
| | | | | | - Benjamin J. Smith
- Florida State University College of Medicine School of Physician Assistant Practice, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alice Gottlieb
- New York Medical College at Metropolitan Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Jose U. Scher
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Evan Siegel
- Arthritis & Rheumatism Associates, Rockville, MA, USA
| | | | - Jessica A. Walsh
- University of Utah and George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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25
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Singh JA, Guyatt G, Ogdie A, Gladman DD, Deal C, Deodhar A, Dubreuil M, Dunham J, Husni ME, Kenny S, Kwan-Morley J, Lin J, Marchetta P, Mease PJ, Merola JF, Miner J, Ritchlin CT, Siaton B, Smith BJ, Van Voorhees AS, Jonsson AH, Shah AA, Sullivan N, Turgunbaev M, Coates LC, Gottlieb A, Magrey M, Nowell WB, Orbai AM, Reddy SM, Scher JU, Siegel E, Siegel M, Walsh JA, Turner AS, Reston J. Special Article: 2018 American College of Rheumatology/National Psoriasis Foundation Guideline for the Treatment of Psoriatic Arthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2018; 71:2-29. [PMID: 30499259 DOI: 10.1002/acr.23789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop an evidence-based guideline for the pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatment of psoriatic arthritis (PsA), as a collaboration between the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and the National Psoriasis Foundation (NPF). METHODS We identified critical outcomes in PsA and clinically relevant PICO (population/intervention/comparator/outcomes) questions. A Literature Review Team performed a systematic literature review to summarize evidence supporting the benefits and harms of available pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic therapies for PsA. GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) methodology was used to rate the quality of the evidence. A voting panel, including rheumatologists, dermatologists, other health professionals, and patients, achieved consensus on the direction and the strength of the recommendations. RESULTS The guideline covers the management of active PsA in patients who are treatment-naive and those who continue to have active PsA despite treatment, and addresses the use of oral small molecules, tumor necrosis factor inhibitors, interleukin-12/23 inhibitors (IL-12/23i), IL-17 inhibitors, CTLA4-Ig (abatacept), and a JAK inhibitor (tofacitinib). We also developed recommendations for psoriatic spondylitis, predominant enthesitis, and treatment in the presence of concomitant inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes, or serious infections. We formulated recommendations for a treat-to-target strategy, vaccinations, and nonpharmacologic therapies. Six percent of the recommendations were strong and 94% conditional, indicating the importance of active discussion between the health care provider and the patient to choose the optimal treatment. CONCLUSION The 2018 ACR/NPF PsA guideline serves as a tool for health care providers and patients in the selection of appropriate therapy in common clinical scenarios. Best treatment decisions consider each individual patient situation. The guideline is not meant to be proscriptive and should not be used to limit treatment options for patients with PsA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasvinder A Singh
- University of Alabama at Birmingham and Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama
| | | | | | - Dafna D Gladman
- University of Toronto and Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Janice Lin
- Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | | | - Philip J Mease
- Swedish-Providence Health Systems and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Joseph F Merola
- Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Julie Miner
- Comprehensive Therapy Consultants and Therapy Steps, Roswell, Georgia
| | | | | | - Benjamin J Smith
- Florida State University College of Medicine School of Physician Assistant Practice, Tallahassee
| | | | - Anna Helena Jonsson
- Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | | | - Alice Gottlieb
- New York Medical College at Metropolitan Hospital, New York, New York
| | | | | | | | - Soumya M Reddy
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Jose U Scher
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Evan Siegel
- Arthritis & Rheumatism Associates, Rockville, Maryland
| | | | - Jessica A Walsh
- University of Utah and George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Amy S Turner
- American College of Rheumatology, Atlanta, Georgia
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Mori S, Arima N, Ito M, Fujiyama S, Kamo Y, Ueki Y. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-like pattern in liver biopsy of rheumatoid arthritis patients with persistent transaminitis during low-dose methotrexate treatment. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203084. [PMID: 30142184 PMCID: PMC6108522 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The mechanism of liver injury with low-dose methotrexate (MTX) is incompletely understood. This study was designed to evaluate the association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and liver injury during MTX treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS Between October 2014 and May 2015, we enrolled all MTX users for RA and monitored participant serum hepatic transaminase levels for 1 year. All patients had normal transaminase levels before the first MTX prescription. Using diagnostic criteria for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), we performed histological analyses for patients presenting persistent transaminitis, defined as elevations of hepatic transaminases in four of six determinations during the follow-up period. Possible risk factors for persistent transaminitis were also examined. RESULTS We followed 846 RA patients with a mean cumulative MTX dose of 2.48 g and identified 51 patients presenting persistent transaminitis. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, obesity (odds ratio [OR] 3.23, p < 0.001), type 2 diabetes (OR 3.52, p = 0.001), hypercholesterolemia (OR 2.56, p = 0.004), and hyperuricemia (OR 3.52, p = 0.019), which are recognized as risk factors for NAFLD, were independently associated with a risk of persistent transaminitis. Among patients with persistent transaminitis, 42 showed fatty liver at ultrasonography. These patients had no evidence of alcoholic fatty liver, chronic viral hepatitis, autoimmune liver diseases, or hereditary liver diseases. Biopsy specimens were obtained from 32 patients, and we found that a NASH-like pattern was the most prevalent histological abnormality. There was no significant impact of MTX dose and duration on the histological severity. CONCLUSION Risk factors and histological findings are similar between NAFLD/NASH and liver injury during low-dose MTX treatment for RA, which suggests a strong association between both entities. NAFLD/NASH may be an underlying condition causing persistent transaminitis in MTX-treated RA patients. The results of this study illustrate the need for monitoring liver injury in RA patients with NAFLD risk factors during MTX treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Mori
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Research Center for Rheumatic Diseases, NHO Kumamoto Saishunsou National Hospital, Kohshi, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Arima
- Department of Pathology, Kumamoto Shinto General Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ito
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Research Center, NHO Nagasaki Medical Center, Omura, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Shigetoshi Fujiyama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kumamoto Shinto General Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kamo
- Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Center, Sasebo Chuo Hospital, Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yukitaka Ueki
- Rheumatic and Collagen Disease Center, Sasebo Chuo Hospital, Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japan
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27
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Cheng HS, Rademaker M. Monitoring methotrexate-induced liver fibrosis in patients with psoriasis: utility of transient elastography. PSORIASIS-TARGETS AND THERAPY 2018; 8:21-29. [PMID: 29785393 PMCID: PMC5953305 DOI: 10.2147/ptt.s141629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Increasingly, existing evidence indicates that methotrexate-associated liver injury is related to comorbid risk factors such as diabetes, alcoholism, and obesity, rather than to methotrexate itself. Despite this fact, significant effort continues to be expended in the monitoring of low-dose methotrexate in patients with psoriasis. The gold standard investigation has been liver biopsy, but this is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. As methotrexate-induced liver injury is uncommon, the risk/benefit ratio of liver biopsy has been questioned. Fortunately, a number of new technologies have been developed for the diagnosis of chronic liver disease, including transient elastography (TE). TE is a type of shear wave ultrasound elastography, which measures the speed of shear waves used to estimate hepatic tissue stiffness. Several meta-analyses show very high pooled sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of hepatic cirrhosis (87% and 91%, respectively) in a variety of chronic liver disorders. It has a negative predictive value for cirrhosis of >90% and a positive predictive value of 75%. Recent European guidelines now advocate the use of TE as the first-line test for the assessment of fibrosis in alcohol- or hepatitis-related liver disease, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). As the prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome, including NAFLD, is significantly elevated in patients with psoriasis, TE may be worth considering as a routine investigation for any patient with psoriasis. Although high-quality studies comparing TE with standard liver biopsy in the monitoring of psoriatics on low-dose methotrexate are lacking, the evidence from multiple small cohort studies and case series demonstrates its effectiveness. A recent Australasian position statement recommends that TE should be considered as a routine investigation for monitoring methotrexate therapy, repeated every 3 years if kPa <7.5 and yearly if kPa >7.5. Liver biopsy should be considered for patients with a kPa >9.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harriet S Cheng
- Dermatology Service, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Marius Rademaker
- Waikato Clinical Campus, Auckland University Medical School, Hamilton, New Zealand
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28
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Dakhoul L, Ghabril M, Gu J, Navarro V, Chalasani N, Serrano J. Heavy Consumption of Alcohol is Not Associated With Worse Outcomes in Patients With Idiosyncratic Drug-induced Liver Injury Compared to Non-Drinkers. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 16:722-729.e2. [PMID: 29306044 PMCID: PMC5911195 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2017.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The relationship between alcohol consumption and idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is not well understood. We investigated the relationship between heavy consumption of alcohol and characteristics and outcomes of patients with DILI enrolled in the Drug-induced Liver Injury Network (DILIN) prospective study. METHODS We collected data from 1198 individuals with definite, highly likely, or probable DILI enrolled in the DILIN study from September 2004 through April 2016. At enrollment, all participants were asked about alcohol consumption; those with any alcohol consumption during previous 12 months were asked to complete the Skinner questionnaire to assess drinking history. Heavy consumption of alcohol was defined as more than 3 drinks, on average, per day by men or more than 2 drinks, on average, per day by women. RESULTS Of the 601 persons who reported consuming at least 1 alcoholic drink in the preceding 12 months, 348 completed the Skinner questionnaire and 80 reported heavy consumption of alcohol. Heavy drinkers were younger (average age, 42 years) than non-drinkers (average age, 49 years) and a higher proportion were men (63% of heavy drinkers vs 35% of nondrinkers) (P < .01 for each comparison). Anabolic steroids were the most common cause of DILI among heavy drinkers (in 13% vs 2% in non-drinkers) (P < .001). Heavy drinkers had significantly higher peak serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (1323 U/L) than non-drinkers (754 U/L) (P = .02) and higher levels of bilirubin (16.1 mg/dL vs 12.7 mg/dL in non-drinkers) (P = .03) but there was no significant difference in liver-related death or liver transplantation between heavy drinkers (occurred in 10%) vs non-drinkers (occurred in 6%) (P = .18). CONCLUSION In an analysis of data from the DILIN, we found anabolic steroids to be the most common cause of DILI in individuals who are heavy consumers of alcohol. Compared to non-drinkers, DILI was not associated with a greater proportion of liver-related deaths or liver transplantation in heavy drinkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Dakhoul
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Marwan Ghabril
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Jiezhun Gu
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Naga Chalasani
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.
| | - Jose Serrano
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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29
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Warren RB, Weatherhead SC, Smith CH, Exton LS, Mohd Mustapa MF, Kirby B, Yesudian PD. British Association of Dermatologists' guidelines for the safe and effective prescribing of methotrexate for skin disease 2016. Br J Dermatol 2017; 175:23-44. [PMID: 27484275 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R B Warren
- The Dermatology Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, M6 8HD, U.K
| | - S C Weatherhead
- Department of Dermatology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 4LP, U.K
| | - C H Smith
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, London, SE1 9RT, U.K
| | - L S Exton
- British Association of Dermatologists, Willan House, 4 Fitzroy Square, London, W1T 5HQ, U.K
| | - M F Mohd Mustapa
- British Association of Dermatologists, Willan House, 4 Fitzroy Square, London, W1T 5HQ, U.K
| | - B Kirby
- St Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin, Ireland
| | - P D Yesudian
- Glan Clwyd Hospital, Sarn Lane, Rhyl, LL18 5UJ, U.K
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30
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Biancone L, Annese V, Ardizzone S, Armuzzi A, Calabrese E, Caprioli F, Castiglione F, Comberlato M, Cottone M, Danese S, Daperno M, D'Incà R, Frieri G, Fries W, Gionchetti P, Kohn A, Latella G, Milla M, Orlando A, Papi C, Petruzziello C, Riegler G, Rizzello F, Saibeni S, Scribano ML, Vecchi M, Vernia P, Meucci G, Bossa F, Cappello M, Cassinotti A, Chiriatti A, Fiorino G, Formica V, Guidi L, Losco A, Mocciaro F, Onali S, Pastorelli L, Pica R, Principi M, Renna S, Ricci C, Rispo A, Rogai F, Sarmati L, Scaldaferri F, Spina L, Tambasco R, Testa A, Viscido A. Safety of treatments for inflammatory bowel disease: Clinical practice guidelines of the Italian Group for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IG-IBD). Dig Liver Dis 2017; 49:338-358. [PMID: 28161290 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2017.01.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases are chronic conditions of unknown etiology, showing a growing incidence and prevalence in several countries, including Italy. Although the etiology of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis is unknown, due to the current knowledge regarding their pathogenesis, effective treatment strategies have been developed. Several guidelines are available regarding the efficacy and safety of available drug treatments for inflammatory bowel diseases. Nevertheless, national guidelines provide additional information adapted to local feasibility, costs and legal issues related to the use of the same drugs. These observations prompted the Italian Group for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IG-IBD) to establish Italian guidelines on the safety of currently available treatments for Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. These guidelines discuss the use of aminosalicylates, systemic and low bioavailability corticosteroids, antibiotics (metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, rifaximin), thiopurines, methotrexate, cyclosporine A, TNFα antagonists, vedolizumab, and combination therapies. These guidelines are based on current knowledge derived from evidence-based medicine coupled with clinical experience of a national working group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Biancone
- Gastroenterology Unit, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Department of Systems Medicine, Rome, Italy.
| | - Vito Annese
- AOU Careggi, Gastroenterology, Florence, Italy
| | - Sandro Ardizzone
- Gastrointestinal Unit, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco - University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Armuzzi
- IBD Unit, Presidio Columbus, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli Universita' Cattolica, Rome, Italy
| | - Emma Calabrese
- Gastroenterology Unit, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Department of Systems Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavio Caprioli
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan and Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda,Ospedale Policlinico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Michele Comberlato
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Central Hospital, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Mario Cottone
- Division of Internal Medicine 2, IBD Unit, Hospital "Riuniti Villa Sofia-Cervello", Palermo, Italy
| | - Silvio Danese
- Humanitas Research Hospital and Humanitas University, Rozzano (Milan), Italy
| | - Marco Daperno
- Hospital "Ordine Mauriziano di Torino", Turin, Italy
| | - Renata D'Incà
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Frieri
- University of L'Aquila, Gastroenterology Unit, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Walter Fries
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Clinical Unit for Chroric Bowel Disorders, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Paolo Gionchetti
- IBD Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Anna Kohn
- San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, IBD Unit, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Ambrogio Orlando
- Division of Internal Medicine 2, IBD Unit, Hospital "Riuniti Villa Sofia-Cervello", Palermo, Italy
| | - Claudio Papi
- IBD Unit, San Filippo Neri Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmelina Petruzziello
- Gastroenterology Unit, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Department of Systems Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Riegler
- U.O. of Gastroenterology C.S. - University della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Fernando Rizzello
- IBD Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simone Saibeni
- Gastroenterology Unit, Rho Hospital, ASST Rhodense, Rho, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Vecchi
- Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato and University of Milan, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - Piero Vernia
- Gastroenterology Unit, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Humphreys JH, Warner A, Costello R, Lunt M, Verstappen SMM, Dixon WG. Quantifying the hepatotoxic risk of alcohol consumption in patients with rheumatoid arthritis taking methotrexate. Ann Rheum Dis 2017; 76:1509-1514. [PMID: 28341765 PMCID: PMC5561375 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-210629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who take methotrexate (MTX) are advised to limit their alcohol intake due to potential combined hepatotoxicity. However, data are limited to support this. The aim of this study was to quantify the risk of developing abnormal liver blood tests at different levels of alcohol consumption, using routinely collected data from primary care. METHODS Patients with RA in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink starting MTX between 1987 and 2016 were included. Hepatotoxicity was defined as transaminitis: alanine transaminase or aspartate aminotransferase more than three times the upper limit of normal. Crude rates of transaminitis were calculated per 1000 person-years, categorised by weekly alcohol consumption in units. Cox proportional hazard models tested the association between alcohol consumption and transaminitis univariately, then age and gender adjusted. RESULTS 11 839 patients were included, with 530 episodes of transaminitis occurring in 47 090 person-years follow-up. Increased weekly alcohol consumption as a continuous variable was associated with increased risk of transaminitis, adjusted HR (95% CI) per unit consumed 1.01 (1.00 to 1.02); consuming between 15 and 21 units was associated with a possible increased risk of hepatotoxicity, while drinking >21 units per week significantly increased rates of transaminitis, adjusted HR (95% CI) 1.85 (1.17 to 2.93). CONCLUSIONS Weekly alcohol consumption of <14 units per week does not appear to be associated with an increased risk of transaminitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny H Humphreys
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Alexander Warner
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ruth Costello
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Mark Lunt
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Suzanne M M Verstappen
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - William G Dixon
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.,Health eResearch Centre, Farr Institute, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Shetty A, Cho W, Alazawi W, Syn WK. Methotrexate Hepatotoxicity and the Impact of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Am J Med Sci 2017; 354:172-181. [PMID: 28864376 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2017.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is commonly used to treat individuals with rheumatological and dermatologic disorders. Current American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and American Association of Dermatology (AAD) guidelines identify diabetes and obesity as risk factors for MTX-induced liver injury. Both diabetes and obesity are components of the metabolic syndrome, and are also risk factors for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD affects approximately 40% of the U.S. population, and those with more advanced NAFLD (i.e., nonalcoholic steatohepatitis with or without fibrosis) are likely to develop progressive liver disease. As such, individuals who are treated with MTX may need to be screened for advanced NAFLD, as this may put them at an increased risk of MTX-induced liver injury. In this mini-review, we review the current ACR and AAD guidelines on MTX hepatotoxicity, discuss the evidence (or lack thereof) of the impact of metabolic risk factors on MTX-induced liver injury and highlight the areas that need further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Shetty
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - WonKyung Cho
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - William Alazawi
- Department of Hepatology, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Immunobiology, Blizzard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wing-Kin Syn
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Section of Gastroenterology, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina.
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Massart J, Begriche K, Moreau C, Fromenty B. Role of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease as risk factor for drug-induced hepatotoxicity. J Clin Transl Res 2017; 3:212-232. [PMID: 28691103 PMCID: PMC5500243 DOI: 10.18053/jctres.03.2017s1.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is often associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which refers to a large spectrum of hepatic lesions including fatty liver, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis. Different investigations showed or suggested that obesity and NAFLD are able to increase the risk of hepatotoxicity of different drugs. Some of these drugs could induce more frequently an acute hepatitis in obese individuals whereas others could worsen pre-existing NAFLD. AIM The main objective of the present review was to collect the available information regarding the role of NAFLD as risk factor for drug-induced hepatotoxicity. For this purpose, we performed a data-mining analysis using different queries including drug-induced liver injury (or DILI), drug-induced hepatotoxicity, fatty liver, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (or NAFLD), steatosis and obesity. The main data from the collected articles are reported in this review and when available, some pathophysiological hypotheses are put forward. RELEVANCE FOR PATIENTS Drugs that could pose a potential risk in obese patients include compounds belonging to different pharmacological classes such as acetaminophen, halothane, methotrexate, rosiglitazone, stavudine and tamoxifen. For some of these drugs, experimental investigations in obese rodents confirmed the clinical observations and unveiled different pathophysiological mechanisms which could explain why these pharmaceuticals are particularly hepatotoxic in obesity and NAFLD. Other drugs such as pentoxifylline, phenobarbital and omeprazole might also pose a risk but more investigations are required to determine whether this risk is significant or not. Because obese people often take several drugs for the treatment of different obesity-related diseases such as type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia and coronary heart disease, it is urgent to identify the main pharmaceuticals that can cause acute hepatitis on a fatty liver background or induce NAFLD worsening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Massart
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Caroline Moreau
- INSERM, U991, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France.,Service de Biochimie et Toxicologie, CHU Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
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Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury presents as various forms of acute and chronic liver disease. There is wide geographic variation in the most commonly implicated agents. Smoking can induce cytochrome P450 enzymes but this does not necessarily translate into clinically relevant drug-induced liver injury. Excessive alcohol consumption is a clear risk factor for intrinsic hepatotoxicity from acetaminophen and may predispose to injury from antituberculosis medications. Understanding of the role of infection, proinflammatory states, disorders of coagulation, and the hepatic clock in predisposing patients to drug-induced liver injury is evolving. More study focusing specifically on environmental risk factors predisposing patients to drug-induced liver injury is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan G Stine
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, 1215 Lee Street, PO Box 800708, MSB 2145, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Naga P Chalasani
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, 702 Rotary Building, Suite 225, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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Gisondi P, Del Giglio M, Girolomoni G. Considerations for Systemic Treatment of Psoriasis in Obese Patients. Am J Clin Dermatol 2016; 17:609-615. [PMID: 27411805 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-016-0211-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease frequently associated with metabolic disorders, including diabetes, dyslipidaemia and metabolic syndrome. Moreover, a growing number of studies confirm the association between psoriasis and obesity. It has been found that obesity, as measured by body mass index >30 kg/m2, can double the risk of incident psoriasis. A positive correlation between different measures of adiposity and the severity of psoriasis has also been reported. Epidemiologic studies have also provided robust evidence confirming the association between obesity and psoriatic arthritis. Genetic, metabolic and environmental factors are all likely to contribute to these associations. Adipose tissue is an active endocrine and paracrine organ that has a key role in lipid and glucose metabolism as well as inflammation. Fat tissue is traditionally distributed into two main compartments with different metabolic characteristics, i.e. the subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue. Particular attention has been devoted to visceral adiposity because of its contribution to inflammation and atherosclerosis. The association between psoriasis and obesity should be properly considered when choosing a systemic treatment, because it could exert negative effects on metabolic parameters, including liver enzymes, serum lipids and renal function. Obesity may increase the risk of liver and renal toxicity from methotrexate and cyclosporine. Moreover, obesity can compromise the effectiveness of systemic treatments for psoriasis (conventional and biological therapies). Dermatologists are also expected to promote a healthy lifestyle and weight loss for obese patients because they could improve metabolic parameters and responsiveness to psoriasis therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Gisondi
- Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Piazzale A. Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy.
| | - Micol Del Giglio
- Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Piazzale A. Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - Giampiero Girolomoni
- Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Piazzale A. Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
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36
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Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus treatment and management in patients receiving immune-modifying agents. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2015; 26:395-403. [PMID: 24841230 DOI: 10.1097/bor.0000000000000067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To increase awareness and review the management of chronic viral hepatitis in individuals treated with immune-modifying agents to avoid potentially severe consequences. RECENT FINDINGS Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation has been reported with a wide variety of immunosuppressive regimens ranging from corticosteroids to cytotoxic chemotherapy. In the rheumatology field, reactivation is best studied with anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha agents and may occur even in individuals with 'resolved' HBV infection. These complications can be prevented with the use of well tolerated pre-emptive antiviral agents. Treatment of reactivation after it occurs is much less effective. Unlike HBV, acute deterioration is rare with immunosuppression in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and prophylactic therapy is not indicated in these patients. However, patients should undergo evaluation for staging of liver disease preferably before immunosuppression because of the risk of drug-induced liver injury and also rheumatological complications, such as cryoglobulinemia. SUMMARY HBV and HCV remain enormous global health problems with over 500 million people infected worldwide. Neither virus is cytopathic with liver damage and control of viral replication caused by the host immune response. With the increasing number and types of immunomodulatory therapies, HBV reactivation is becoming an increasingly recognized issue in many areas of medicine, particularly rheumatology. Unfortunately, screening rates are low, partially because of unclear clinical guidelines. HCV may also complicate immunomodulatory therapy, particularly if cirrhosis is present. The management of rheumatology patients with HBV and HCV infection is discussed with a focus on whom to screen and whom to treat to prevent consequences of these often unrecognized conditions.
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Kakisaka K, Takikawa Y. Elevation of serum cytokines preceding elevation of liver enzymes in a case of drug-induced liver injury. Hepatol Res 2014; 44:E284-9. [PMID: 24119001 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.12253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A 50-year-old man who was being treated for both pneumonia and type 2 diabetes mellitus complained of abdominal distention on the 16th hospital day. Liver enzyme elevation without symptoms was detected on the 17th hospital day. Based on a Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method score of 10 and a Japan Digestive Disease Week score of 9, we diagnosed the patient as having drug-induced liver injury (DILI). Simultaneous assays of the levels of cytokines revealed that the elevation of the levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13 and tumor necrosis factor-α preceded the elevation of the serum liver enzymes. This case suggests that some cytokines or related molecules are potentially useful as early-phase biomarkers for DILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Kakisaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kazuno Kosei Hospital, Kazuno, Japan; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan
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Maybury C, Jabbar-Lopez Z, Wong T, Dhillon A, Barker J, Smith C. Methotrexate and liver fibrosis in people with psoriasis: a systematic review of observational studies. Br J Dermatol 2014; 171:17-29. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.12941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C.M. Maybury
- St John's Institute of Dermatology; Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine; King's College London; London U.K
| | - Z.K. Jabbar-Lopez
- Dermatological Sciences; Institute of Cellular Medicine; Newcastle University; Newcastle upon Tyne U.K
| | - T. Wong
- Department of Gastroenterology; Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust; London U.K
| | - A.P. Dhillon
- Department of Cellular Pathology; UCL Medical School; Royal Free Campus London U.K
| | - J.N. Barker
- St John's Institute of Dermatology; Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine; King's College London; London U.K
| | - C.H. Smith
- St John's Institute of Dermatology; Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine; King's College London; London U.K
- St John's Institute of Dermatology; Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust; London U.K
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Elliott RA, Putman KD, Franklin M, Annemans L, Verhaeghe N, Eden M, Hayre J, Rodgers S, Sheikh A, Avery AJ. Cost effectiveness of a pharmacist-led information technology intervention for reducing rates of clinically important errors in medicines management in general practices (PINCER). PHARMACOECONOMICS 2014; 32:573-590. [PMID: 24639038 DOI: 10.1007/s40273-014-0148-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE We recently showed that a pharmacist-led information technology-based intervention (PINCER) was significantly more effective in reducing medication errors in general practices than providing simple feedback on errors, with cost per error avoided at £79 (US$131). We aimed to estimate cost effectiveness of the PINCER intervention by combining effectiveness in error reduction and intervention costs with the effect of the individual errors on patient outcomes and healthcare costs, to estimate the effect on costs and QALYs. METHODS We developed Markov models for each of six medication errors targeted by PINCER. Clinical event probability, treatment pathway, resource use and costs were extracted from literature and costing tariffs. A composite probabilistic model combined patient-level error models with practice-level error rates and intervention costs from the trial. Cost per extra QALY and cost-effectiveness acceptability curves were generated from the perspective of NHS England, with a 5-year time horizon. RESULTS The PINCER intervention generated £2,679 less cost and 0.81 more QALYs per practice [incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER): -£3,037 per QALY] in the deterministic analysis. In the probabilistic analysis, PINCER generated 0.001 extra QALYs per practice compared with simple feedback, at £4.20 less per practice. Despite this extremely small set of differences in costs and outcomes, PINCER dominated simple feedback with a mean ICER of -£3,936 (standard error £2,970). At a ceiling 'willingness-to-pay' of £20,000/QALY, PINCER reaches 59 % probability of being cost effective. CONCLUSIONS PINCER produced marginal health gain at slightly reduced overall cost. Results are uncertain due to the poor quality of data to inform the effect of avoiding errors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Elliott
- Division for Social Research in Medicines and Health, The School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, East Drive, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK,
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O'Donnell JT, Marks DH, Danese P, O'Donnell JJ. Drug-induced liver disease: primer for the primary care physician. Dis Mon 2014; 60:55-104. [PMID: 24507900 DOI: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2013.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Pais R, Rusu E, Ratziu V. The impact of obesity and metabolic syndrome on chronic hepatitis B and drug-induced liver disease. Clin Liver Dis 2014; 18:165-78. [PMID: 24274872 DOI: 10.1016/j.cld.2013.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Steatosis and insulin resistance (IR) are no more frequent in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) than in the general population. Although experimental studies suggest that the HBx protein induces liver fat, human studies have shown that steatosis and IR are related to coexistent metabolic risk factors, thus epidemiologically linked rather than virally induced. Diabetes and obesity are associated with advanced fibrosis and increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in CHB. Despite abundant experimental data showing that fatty liver is more susceptible to liver injury, drug-induced liver disease seems no more frequent in NAFLD patients, except, possibly, a higher incidence but not severity of acetaminophen hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Pais
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Inserm UMR_S 938, Paris 75013, France
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Obesity and Psoriasis: Inflammatory Nature of Obesity, Relationship Between Psoriasis and Obesity, and Therapeutic Implications. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2012.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Dávila-Fajardo CL, Swen JJ, Cabeza Barrera J, Guchelaar HJ. Genetic risk factors for drug-induced liver injury in rheumatoid arthritis patients using low-dose methotrexate. Pharmacogenomics 2013; 14:63-73. [PMID: 23252949 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.12.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-dose methotrexate (MTX) is part of the mainstay of rheumatoid arthritis treatment. Hepatotoxicity is among the most feared side effects of low-dose MTX and is associated with increased morbidity. At present, histological evaluation of liver biopsies is the gold standard to retrospectively diagnose MTX-induced liver damage. Genetic markers present an interesting opportunity to preemptively identify patients at risk for MTX-induced hepatotoxicity. Here, we will review the literature on candidate genetic markers for the risk of MTX-induced hepatotoxicity. These candidate genetic markers include polymorphisms in the gene encoding the enzyme MTHFR.
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45
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Mrowietz U, de Jong EMGJ, Kragballe K, Langley R, Nast A, Puig L, Reich K, Schmitt J, Warren RB. A consensus report on appropriate treatment optimization and transitioning in the management of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2013; 28:438-53. [PMID: 23437792 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited information on systemic and biological treatment optimization and transitioning in routine clinical practice. OBJECTIVE To provide practical guidance on treatment optimization and transitioning for moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. METHODS Dermatologists from 33 countries contributed to the Transitioning Therapies programme. Fourteen questions were identified. Answers were drafted based on systematic literature reviews (7/14 questions) and expert opinion (7/14 questions). Using a modified Delphi procedure, dermatologists from 30 countries voted on their level of agreement with each draft answer (scale: 1-9, strong disagreement to strong agreement). Consensus was defined as ≥75% of participants scoring within the 7-9 range. RESULTS Consensus was achieved on the answers to all questions. Recommendations for the use of cyclosporine and methotrexate were agreed. Transitioning from a conventional systemic therapy to a biological agent may be done directly or with an overlap (if transitioning is required because of lack of efficacy) or potentially with a treatment-free interval (if transitioning is required for safety reasons). Combination therapy may be beneficial. Continuous therapy for patients on biologicals is strongly recommended. However, during successful maintenance with biological monotherapy, a dosage reduction may be considered to limit drug exposure, although this may carry the risk of decreased efficacy. Switching biologicals for reasons of efficacy should be done without a washout period, but switching for reasons of safety may require a treatment-free interval. CONCLUSION This consensus provides practical guidance on treatment optimization and transitioning for moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis, based on literature reviews and the expert opinion of dermatologists from across the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Mrowietz
- Department of Dermatology, Psoriasis-Center, University Medical Center, Schleswig-Holstein (Campus Kiel), Kiel, Germany
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Carrascosa JM, Rocamora V, Fernandez-Torres RM, Jimenez-Puya R, Moreno JC, Coll-Puigserver N, Fonseca E. Obesity and psoriasis: inflammatory nature of obesity, relationship between psoriasis and obesity, and therapeutic implications. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2012. [PMID: 23177976 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2012.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity, particularly abdominal obesity, is currently considered a chronic low-grade inflammatory condition that plays an active role in the development of the pathophysiologic phenomena responsible for metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease through the secretion of proinflammatory adipokines and cytokines. In recent years clear genetic, pathogenic, and epidemiologic links have been established between psoriasis and obesity, with important implications for health. The relationship between the 2 conditions is probably bidirectional, with obesity predisposing to psoriasis and psoriasis favoring obesity. Obesity also has important implications in the treatment of psoriasis, such as a greater risk of adverse effects with conventional systemic drugs and reduced efficacy and/or increased cost with biologic agents, for which dosage should be adjusted to the patient's weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Carrascosa
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, España.
| | - V Rocamora
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital de Manacor, Manacor, Mallorca, España
| | | | - R Jimenez-Puya
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Madrid, España
| | - J C Moreno
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Madrid, España
| | - N Coll-Puigserver
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital de Manacor, Manacor, Mallorca, España
| | - E Fonseca
- Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de La Coruña, La Coruña, España
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Nast A, Boehncke WH, Mrowietz U, Ockenfels HM, Philipp S, Reich K, Rosenbach T, Sammain A, Schlaeger M, Sebastian M, Sterry W, Streit V, Augustin M, Erdmann R, Klaus J, Koza J, Muller S, Orzechowski HD, Rosumeck S, Schmid-Ott G, Weberschock T, Rzany B. S3 - Guidelines on the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris (English version). Update. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2012; 10 Suppl 2:S1-95. [PMID: 22386073 DOI: 10.1111/j.1610-0387.2012.07919.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis vulgaris is a common and often chronic inflammatory skin disease. The incidence of psoriasis in Western industrialized countries ranges from 1.5% to 2%. Patients afflicted with severe psoriasis vulgaris may experience a significant reduction in quality of life. Despite the large variety of treatment options available, surveys have shown that patients still do not received optimal treatments. To optimize the treatment of psoriasis in Germany, the Deutsche Dermatologi sche Gesellschaft (DDG) and the Berufsverband Deutscher Dermatologen (BVDD) have initiated a project to develop evidence-based guidelines for the management of psoriasis. They were first published in 2006 and updated in 2011. The Guidelines focus on induction therapy in cases of mild, moderate and severe plaque-type psoriasis in adults including systemic therapy, UV therapy and topical therapies. The therapeutic recommendations were developed based on the results of a systematic literature search and were finalized during a consensus meeting using structured consensus methods (nominal group process).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Nast
- Division of Evidence Based Medicine (dEBM), Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Charité- Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
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Vena GA, Cassano N. The effects of alcohol on the metabolism and toxicology of anti-psoriasis drugs. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2012; 8:959-72. [PMID: 22594656 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2012.691166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alcohol has long been suspected to be a triggering and precipitating factor of psoriasis. Alcohol misuse is common in patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis and appears to impair treatment outcome. AREAS COVERED In this article, the authors review the available data regarding the metabolic and toxicological interactions between anti-psoriasis systemic drugs and ethanol and/or alcoholic beverages. Special attention is given to the influence of alcohol consumption on the hepatotoxic risk of some anti-psoriasis drugs. The article was prepared using a MEDLINE literature search. EXPERT OPINION The available knowledge highlights the existence of a few significant pharmacological interactions, such as the reduced exposure to cyclosporine by red wine, the possible increase of cyclosporine levels following a heavy acute alcohol intake, and, especially, the conversion of acitretin to etretinate, in the presence of ethanol, with important implications in females of child-bearing potential. There are limited data on the contributing role of alcohol in the hepatotoxicity induced by some anti-psoriasis drugs and the existing information on this topic is still controversial. However, further investigation is needed to assess the relevance of interactions between alcohol consumption and drug therapy for psoriasis, under both pharmacological and toxicological perspectives. Long-term prospective studies on large cohorts of patients are warranted to disclose the actual significance of such potential interactions in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gino A Vena
- University of Bari, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Unit of Dermatology and Venereology, Bari, Italy.
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Arena U, Stasi C, Mannoni A, Benucci M, Maddali-Bongi S, Cammelli D, Assarat A, Marra F, Pinzani M. Liver stiffness correlates with methotrexate cumulative dose in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Dig Liver Dis 2012; 44:149-53. [PMID: 21930442 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2011.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2011] [Revised: 08/03/2011] [Accepted: 08/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver stiffness values were recently proposed to identify patients with methotrexate-induced liver fibrosis. Aim of this study was to assess the clinical and laboratory determinants of the association between liver stiffness, measured by transient elastography, and methotrexate treatment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in the absence of other factors contributing to liver damage and fibrosis. METHODS 100 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, with a cumulative methotrexate dose ranging from 1530 to 13,000 mg over a mean period of 7.07±3.89 yrs, were retrospectively evaluated. RESULTS The average liver stiffness value in the whole population was 4.93±1.8 kPa, excluding the presence of significant fibrosis. At univariate analysis, a significant correlation was found between liver stiffness and methotrexate cumulative dose, duration of treatment, alanine transaminases levels, body mass index, gamma glutamyl-transpeptidase and the presence of steatosis. At multivariate analysis, a significant association was detected only between liver stiffness and methotrexate cumulative dose. Out of 11 patients with liver stiffness >7.0 kPa, five were subjected to liver biopsy and mild or moderate perisinusoidal fibrosis was detected in two patients with a cumulative dose >4000 mg and liver stiffness >9 kPa. CONCLUSIONS Chronic methotrexate treatment induces a progressive increase in liver stiffness corresponding to mild or moderate perisinusoidal fibrosis for values >9 kPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Arena
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, Università degli Studi di Firenze/Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), Firenze, Italy
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Shen S, O’Brien T, Yap LM, Prince HM, McCormack CJ. The use of methotrexate in dermatology: a review. Australas J Dermatol 2011; 53:1-18. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-0960.2011.00839.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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