1
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Sun H, Fu B, Qian X, Xu P, Qin W. Nuclear and cytoplasmic specific RNA binding proteome enrichment and its changes upon ferroptosis induction. Nat Commun 2024; 15:852. [PMID: 38286993 PMCID: PMC10825125 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44987-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
The key role of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) in posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression is intimately tied to their subcellular localization. Here, we show a subcellular-specific RNA labeling method for efficient enrichment and deep profiling of nuclear and cytoplasmic RBPs. A total of 1221 nuclear RBPs and 1333 cytoplasmic RBPs were enriched and identified using nuclear/cytoplasm targeting enrichment probes, representing an increase of 54.4% and 85.7% compared with previous reports. The probes were further applied in the omics-level investigation of subcellular-specific RBP-RNA interactions upon ferroptosis induction. Interestingly, large-scale RBPs display enhanced interaction with RNAs in nucleus but reduced association with RNAs in cytoplasm during ferroptosis process. Furthermore, we discovered dozens of nucleoplasmic translocation candidate RBPs upon ferroptosis induction and validated representative ones by immunofluorescence imaging. The enrichment of Tricarboxylic acid cycle in the translocation candidate RBPs may provide insights for investigating their possible roles in ferroptosis induced metabolism dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haofan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Bin Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Xiaohong Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Ping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Weijie Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China.
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China.
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2
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Park SC, Lee YS, Cho KA, Kim SY, Lee YI, Lee SR, Lim IK. What matters in aging is signaling for responsiveness. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 252:108560. [PMID: 37952903 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Biological responsiveness refers to the capacity of living organisms to adapt to changes in both their internal and external environments through physiological and behavioral mechanisms. One of the prominent aspects of aging is the decline in this responsiveness, which can lead to a deterioration in the processes required for maintenance, survival, and growth. The vital link between physiological responsiveness and the essential life processes lies within the signaling systems. To devise effective strategies for controlling the aging process, a comprehensive reevaluation of this connecting loop is imperative. This review aims to explore the impact of aging on signaling systems responsible for responsiveness and introduce a novel perspective on intervening in the aging process by restoring the compromised responsiveness. These innovative mechanistic approaches for modulating altered responsiveness hold the potential to illuminate the development of action plans aimed at controlling the aging process and treating age-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Chul Park
- The Future Life & Society Research Center, Advanced Institute of Aging Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Sam Lee
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea; Well Aging Research Center, Division of Biotechnology, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung A Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Jeollanam-do 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Il Lee
- Well Aging Research Center, Division of Biotechnology, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Engineering Major, Department of Interdisciplinary Studies, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Rock Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Jeollanam-do 58128, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - In Kyoung Lim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
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3
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Kim HJ, Hwang JS, Noh KB, Oh SH, Park JB, Shin YJ. A p-Tyr42 RhoA Inhibitor Promotes the Regeneration of Human Corneal Endothelial Cells by Ameliorating Cellular Senescence. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1186. [PMID: 37371916 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of treatment strategies for human corneal endothelial cells (hCECs) disease is necessary because hCECs do not regenerate in vivo due to the properties that are similar to senescence. This study is performed to investigate the role of a p-Tyr42 RhoA inhibitor (MH4, ELMED Inc., Chuncheon) in transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)- or H2O2-induced cellular senescence of hCECs. Cultured hCECs were treated with MH4. The cell shape, proliferation rate, and cell cycle phases were analyzed. Moreover, cell adhesion assays and immunofluorescence staining for F-actin, Ki-67, and E-cadherin were performed. Additionally, the cells were treated with TGF-β or H2O2 to induce senescence, and mitochondrial oxidative reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, mitochondrial membrane potential, and NF-κB translocation were evaluated. LC3II/LC3I levels were determined using Western blotting to analyze autophagy. MH4 promotes hCEC proliferation, shifts the cell cycle, attenuates actin distribution, and increases E-cadherin expression. TGF-β and H2O2 induce senescence by increasing mitochondrial ROS levels and NF-κB translocation into the nucleus; however, this effect is attenuated by MH4. Moreover, TGF-β and H2O2 decrease the mitochondrial membrane potential and induce autophagy, while MH4 reverses these effects. In conclusion, MH4, a p-Tyr42 RhoA inhibitor, promotes the regeneration of hCECs and protects hCECs against TGF-β- and H2O2-induced senescence via the ROS/NF-κB/mitochondrial pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Jung Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul 07442, Republic of Korea
- Hallym BioEyeTech Research Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul 07442, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Sun Hwang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul 07442, Republic of Korea
- Hallym BioEyeTech Research Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul 07442, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Bo Noh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul 07442, Republic of Korea
- Hallym BioEyeTech Research Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul 07442, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Hee Oh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul 07442, Republic of Korea
- Hallym BioEyeTech Research Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul 07442, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Bong Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joo Shin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul 07442, Republic of Korea
- Hallym BioEyeTech Research Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul 07442, Republic of Korea
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4
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Gorini F, Vassalle C. Selenium and Selenoproteins at the Intersection of Type 2 Diabetes and Thyroid Pathophysiology. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061188. [PMID: 35740085 PMCID: PMC9227825 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is considered one of the largest global public-health concerns, affecting approximately more than 400 million individuals worldwide. The pathogenesis of T2D is very complex and, among the modifiable risk factors, selenium (Se) has recently emerged as a determinant of T2D pathogenesis and progression. Selenium is considered an essential element with antioxidant properties, and is incorporated into the selenoproteins involved in the antioxidant response. Furthermore, deiodinases, the enzymes responsible for homeostasis and for controlling the activity of thyroid hormones (THs), contain Se. Given the crucial action of oxidative stress in the onset of insulin resistance (IR) and T2D, and the close connection between THs and glucose metabolism, Se may be involved in these fundamental relationships; it may cover a dual role, both as a protective factor and as a risk factor of T2D, depending on its basal plasma concentration and the individual’s diet intake. In this review we discuss the current evidence (from experimental, observational and randomized clinical studies) on how Se is associated with the occurrence of T2D and its influence on the relationship between thyroid pathophysiology, IR and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gorini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Cristina Vassalle
- Fondazione CNR-Regione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
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5
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Cellular Stress Induces Nucleocytoplasmic Transport Deficits Independent of Stress Granules. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051057. [PMID: 35625794 PMCID: PMC9138870 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress granules are non-membrane bound granules temporarily forming in the cytoplasm in response to stress. Proteins of the nucleocytoplasmic transport machinery were found in these stress granules and it was suggested that stress granules contribute to the nucleocytoplasmic transport defects in several neurodegenerative disorders, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is a causal link between stress granule formation and nucleocytoplasmic transport deficits. Therefore, we uncoupled stress granule formation from cellular stress while studying nuclear import. This was carried out by preventing cells from assembling stress granules despite being subjected to cellular stress either by knocking down both G3BP1 and G3BP2 or by pharmacologically inhibiting stress granule formation. Conversely, we induced stress granules by overexpressing G3BP1 in the absence of cellular stress. In both conditions, nuclear import was not affected demonstrating that stress granule formation is not a direct cause of stress-induced nucleocytoplasmic transport deficits.
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6
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Pradeep S, Zangle TA. Quantitative phase velocimetry measures bulk intracellular transport of cell mass during the cell cycle. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6074. [PMID: 35414087 PMCID: PMC9005622 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10000-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transport of mass within cells helps maintain homeostasis and is disrupted by disease and stress. Here, we develop quantitative phase velocimetry (QPV) as a label-free approach to make the invisible flow of mass within cells visible and quantifiable. We benchmark our approach against alternative image registration methods, a theoretical error model, and synthetic data. Our method tracks not just individual labeled particles or molecules, but the entire flow of bulk material through the cell. This enables us to measure diffusivity within distinct cell compartments using a single approach, which we use here for direct comparison of nuclear and cytoplasmic diffusivity. As a label-free method, QPV can be used for long-term tracking to capture dynamics through the cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soorya Pradeep
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Thomas A Zangle
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA. .,Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
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7
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Gajewska KA, Lescesen H, Ramialison M, Wagstaff KM, Jans DA. Nuclear transporter Importin-13 plays a key role in the oxidative stress transcriptional response. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5904. [PMID: 34625540 PMCID: PMC8501021 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26125-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The importin superfamily member Importin-13 is a bidirectional nuclear transporter. To delineate its functional roles, we performed transcriptomic analysis on wild-type and Importin-13-knockout mouse embryonic stem cells, revealing enrichment of differentially expressed genes involved in stress responses and apoptosis regulation. De novo promoter motif analysis on 277 Importin-13-dependent genes responsive to oxidative stress revealed an enrichment of motifs aligned to consensus sites for the transcription factors specificity protein 1, SP1, or Kruppel like factor 4, KLF4. Analysis of embryonic stem cells subjected to oxidative stress revealed that Importin-13-knockout cells were more resistant, with knockdown of SP1 or KLF4 helping protect wild-type embryonic stem cells against stress-induced death. Importin-13 was revealed to bind to SP1 and KLF4 in a cellular context, with a key role in oxidative stress-dependent nuclear export of both transcription factors. The results are integral to understanding stress biology, highlighting the importance of Importin-13 in the stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. A. Gajewska
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC Australia
| | - H. Lescesen
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC Australia
| | - M. Ramialison
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute and Systems Biology Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC Australia
| | - K. M. Wagstaff
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC Australia
| | - D. A. Jans
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC Australia
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8
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Bárcena B, Salamanca A, Pintado C, Mazuecos L, Villar M, Moltó E, Bonzón-Kulichenko E, Vázquez J, Andrés A, Gallardo N. Aging Induces Hepatic Oxidative Stress and Nuclear Proteomic Remodeling in Liver from Wistar Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10101535. [PMID: 34679670 PMCID: PMC8533122 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a continuous, universal, and irreversible process that determines progressive loss of adaptability. The liver is a critical organ that supports digestion, metabolism, immunity, detoxification, vitamin storage, and hormone signaling. Nevertheless, the relationship between aging and the development of liver diseases remains elusive. In fact, although prolonged fasting in adult rodents and humans delays the onset of the disease and increases longevity, whether prolonged fasting could exert adverse effects in old organisms remains incompletely understood. In this work, we aimed to characterize the oxidative stress and nuclear proteome in the liver of 3-month- and 24-month-old male Wistar rats upon 36 h of fasting and its adaptation in response to 30 min of refeeding. To this end, we analyzed the hepatic lipid peroxidation levels (TBARS) and the expression levels of genes associated with fat metabolism and oxidative stress during aging. In addition, to gain a better insight into the molecular and cellular processes that characterize the liver of old rats, the hepatic nuclear proteome was also evaluated by isobaric tag quantitation (iTRAQ) mass spectrometry-based proteomics. In old rats, aging combined with prolonged fasting had great impact on lipid peroxidation in the liver that was associated with a marked downregulation of antioxidant genes (Sod2, Fmo3, and Cyp2C11) compared to young rats. Besides, our proteomic study revealed that RNA splicing is the hepatic nuclear biological process markedly affected by aging and this modification persists upon refeeding. Our results suggest that aged-induced changes in the nuclear proteome could affect processes associated with the adaptative response to refeeding after prolonged fasting, such as those involved in the defense against oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Bárcena
- Biochemistry Section, Regional Center for Biomedical Research (CRIB), Faculty of Sciences and Chemical Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo Jose Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (B.B.); (A.S.); (L.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Aurora Salamanca
- Biochemistry Section, Regional Center for Biomedical Research (CRIB), Faculty of Sciences and Chemical Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo Jose Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (B.B.); (A.S.); (L.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Cristina Pintado
- Biochemistry Section, Regional Center for Biomedical Research (CRIB), Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Biochemistry, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (C.P.); (E.M.)
| | - Lorena Mazuecos
- Biochemistry Section, Regional Center for Biomedical Research (CRIB), Faculty of Sciences and Chemical Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo Jose Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (B.B.); (A.S.); (L.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Margarita Villar
- Biochemistry Section, Regional Center for Biomedical Research (CRIB), Faculty of Sciences and Chemical Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo Jose Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (B.B.); (A.S.); (L.M.); (A.A.)
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.V.); (N.G.)
| | - Eduardo Moltó
- Biochemistry Section, Regional Center for Biomedical Research (CRIB), Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Biochemistry, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (C.P.); (E.M.)
| | - Elena Bonzón-Kulichenko
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III and CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.B.-K.); (J.V.)
| | - Jesús Vázquez
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III and CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.B.-K.); (J.V.)
| | - Antonio Andrés
- Biochemistry Section, Regional Center for Biomedical Research (CRIB), Faculty of Sciences and Chemical Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo Jose Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (B.B.); (A.S.); (L.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Nilda Gallardo
- Biochemistry Section, Regional Center for Biomedical Research (CRIB), Faculty of Sciences and Chemical Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo Jose Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (B.B.); (A.S.); (L.M.); (A.A.)
- Correspondence: (M.V.); (N.G.)
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Carrasco-Navarro U, Aguirre J. H 2O 2 Induces Major Phosphorylation Changes in Critical Regulators of Signal Transduction, Gene Expression, Metabolism and Developmental Networks in Aspergillus nidulans. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:624. [PMID: 34436163 PMCID: PMC8399174 DOI: 10.3390/jof7080624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulate several aspects of cell physiology in filamentous fungi including the antioxidant response and development. However, little is known about the signaling pathways involved in these processes. Here, we report Aspergillus nidulans global phosphoproteome during mycelial growth and show that under these conditions, H2O2 induces major changes in protein phosphorylation. Among the 1964 phosphoproteins we identified, H2O2 induced the phosphorylation of 131 proteins at one or more sites as well as the dephosphorylation of a larger set of proteins. A detailed analysis of these phosphoproteins shows that H2O2 affected the phosphorylation of critical regulatory nodes of phosphoinositide, MAPK, and TOR signaling as well as the phosphorylation of multiple proteins involved in the regulation of gene expression, primary and secondary metabolism, and development. Our results provide a novel and extensive protein phosphorylation landscape in A. nidulans, indicating that H2O2 induces a shift in general metabolism from anabolic to catabolic, and the activation of multiple stress survival pathways. Our results expand the significance of H2O2 in eukaryotic cell signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jesús Aguirre
- Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-242, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
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10
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Ding B, Sepehrimanesh M. Nucleocytoplasmic Transport: Regulatory Mechanisms and the Implications in Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4165. [PMID: 33920577 PMCID: PMC8072611 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleocytoplasmic transport (NCT) across the nuclear envelope is precisely regulated in eukaryotic cells, and it plays critical roles in maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that dysregulations of NCT are implicated in aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Huntington disease (HD). This is an emerging research field. The molecular mechanisms underlying impaired NCT and the pathogenesis leading to neurodegeneration are not clear. In this review, we comprehensively described the components of NCT machinery, including nuclear envelope (NE), nuclear pore complex (NPC), importins and exportins, RanGTPase and its regulators, and the regulatory mechanisms of nuclear transport of both protein and transcript cargos. Additionally, we discussed the possible molecular mechanisms of impaired NCT underlying aging and neurodegenerative diseases, such as ALS/FTD, HD, and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojin Ding
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, 410 East Saint Mary Boulevard, Lafayette, LA 70503, USA;
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11
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Pandey P, Zaman K, Prokai L, Shulaev V. Comparative Proteomics Analysis Reveals Unique Early Signaling Response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to Oxidants with Different Mechanism of Action. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010167. [PMID: 33375274 PMCID: PMC7795614 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The early signaling events involved in oxidant recognition and triggering of oxidant-specific defense mechanisms to counteract oxidative stress still remain largely elusive. Our discovery driven comparative proteomics analysis revealed unique early signaling response of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the proteome level to oxidants with a different mechanism of action as early as 3 min after treatment with four oxidants, namely H2O2, cumene hydroperoxide (CHP), and menadione and diamide, when protein abundances were compared using label-free quantification relying on a high-resolution mass analyzer (Orbitrap). We identified significant regulation of 196 proteins in response to H2O2, 569 proteins in response to CHP, 369 proteins in response to menadione and 207 proteins in response to diamide. Only 17 proteins were common across all treatments, but several more proteins were shared between two or three oxidants. Pathway analyses revealed that each oxidant triggered a unique signaling mechanism associated with cell survival and repair. Signaling pathways mostly regulated by oxidants were Ran, TOR, Rho, and eIF2. Furthermore, each oxidant regulated these pathways in a unique way indicating specificity of response to oxidants having different modes of action. We hypothesize that interplay of these signaling pathways may be important in recognizing different oxidants to trigger different downstream MAPK signaling cascades and to induce specific responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajita Pandey
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA;
- Advanced Environmental Research Institute (AERI), University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Khadiza Zaman
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA; (K.Z.); (L.P.)
| | - Laszlo Prokai
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA; (K.Z.); (L.P.)
| | - Vladimir Shulaev
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA;
- Advanced Environmental Research Institute (AERI), University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-940-369-5368
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12
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Mohan T, Narasimhan KKS, Ravi DB, Velusamy P, Chandrasekar N, Chakrapani LN, Srinivasan A, Karthikeyan P, Kannan P, Tamilarasan B, Johnson T, Kalaiselvan P, Periandavan K. Role of Nrf2 dysfunction in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy: Therapeutic prospect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 160:227-238. [PMID: 32768570 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a progressive kidney disease afflicts more than 20 and up to 40% of the diabetic population and it is characterized by persistent microalbuminuria declined glomerular filtration rate. The interesting feature associated with DN is that, even though the progression of the disease correlates with oxidative stress, Nrf2, the master regulator of antioxidant defense system involved in counteracting oxidative stress is also upregulated in the diabetic kidneys of both human as well as experimental animals in early stages of DN. Despite the increased expression, the ability of this protein to get translocated into the nucleus is diminished signifying the functional impairment of Nrf2, implying redox imbalance. Hence, it is understood that agents that boost the translocation of Nrf2 might be beneficial rather than those that quantitatively overexpress Nrf2 in treating DN. The deleterious effects of synthetic Nrf2 activators have instigated the researchers to search for phytochemicals that have ambient Nrf2 boosting ability with no side effects, one such phytochemical is Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and it has shown beneficial effects by preventing the progression of DN via influencing Nrf2/ARE pathway, however, the modus operandi is unclear, despite speculations. This study was designed to find out whether supplementation of Nrf2 booster like EGCG at the crucial time of Nrf2 dysfunction can mitigate the progression of DN. Based on the findings of the present study, it might be concluded that the beneficial effect of EGCG in mitigating DN is mediated mainly through its ability to activate the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway at multiple stages i.e., by downregulating Keap1 and boosting the nuclear Nrf2 level by disrupting Nrf2-Keap1 interaction. These results emphasize that supplementation of EGCG might be more beneficial at an early stage of DN, where dysfunctional Nrf2 accumulation occurs, which should be further validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thangarajeswari Mohan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai, 600113, India
| | - Kishore Kumar S Narasimhan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai, 600113, India; Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Divya Bhavani Ravi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai, 600113, India
| | - Prema Velusamy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai, 600113, India
| | - Navvi Chandrasekar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy, Chennai, 600025, India
| | | | - Ashokkumar Srinivasan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai, 600113, India
| | - Porkodi Karthikeyan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai, 600113, India
| | - Pugazhendhi Kannan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai, 600113, India
| | - Bhavani Tamilarasan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai, 600113, India
| | - Thanka Johnson
- Department of Pathology, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, 600116, India
| | | | - Kalaiselvi Periandavan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai, 600113, India.
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Samhadaneh DM, Mandl GA, Han Z, Mahjoob M, Weber SC, Tuznik M, Rudko DA, Capobianco JA, Stochaj U. Evaluation of Lanthanide-Doped Upconverting Nanoparticles for in Vitro and in Vivo Applications. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:4358-4369. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dana M. Samhadaneh
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Gabrielle A. Mandl
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Centre for NanoScience Research, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Zhao Han
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Maryam Mahjoob
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Stephanie C. Weber
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - Marius Tuznik
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - David A. Rudko
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G4, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - John A. Capobianco
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Centre for NanoScience Research, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Ursula Stochaj
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
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Interplay between RNA-binding protein HuR and Nox4 as a novel therapeutic target in diabetic kidney disease. Mol Metab 2020; 36:100968. [PMID: 32240965 PMCID: PMC7115155 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Glomerular injury is a prominent pathological feature of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Constitutively active NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4) is a major source of reactive oxygen species that mediates hyperglycemia-induced mesangial cell (MC) fibrotic injury. However, the mechanism that Nox4 utilizes to achieve its biological outcome remains elusive, and the signaling pathways that regulate this isoform oxidase are not well understood. Here, our goal is to study the detailed mechanism by which NAPDH oxidase 4 (Nox4) is post-transcriptionally regulated in MC during diabetic pathology. Methods We studied the protein expression of HuR, Nox4 and matrix proteins by western blotting, while we assessed the mRNA stability of Nox4 by RT-PCR and polysomal assay, examined in vitro cultured glomerular mesangial cells treated by high glucose (HG) and diabetic animal induced by STZ. The binding assay between HuR and the Nox4 promoter was done by immuno-precipiating with HuR antibody and detecting the presence of Nox4 mRNA, or by pull-down by using biotinlyated labeled Nox4 promoter RNA and detecting the presence of the HuR protein. The binding was also confirmed in MCs where Nox4 promoter-containing luciferage constructs were transfected. ROS levels were measured with DHE/DCF dyes in cells, or lucigenin chemiluminescence for Nox enzymatic levels, or HPLC assay for superoxide. HuR protein was inhibited by antisense oligo that utilized osmotic pumps for continuous delivery in animal models. The H1bAc1 ratio was measured by an ELISA kit for mice. Results We demonstrate that in MCs, high glucose (HG) elicits a rapid upregulation of Nox4 protein via translational mechanisms. Nox4 mRNA 3′ untranslated region (3′-UTR) contains numerous AU-rich elements (AREs) that are potential binding sites for the RNA-binding protein human antigen R (HuR). We show that HG promotes HuR activation/expression and that HuR is required for HG-induced Nox4 protein expression/mRNA translation, ROS generation, and subsequent MC fibrotic injury. Through a series of invitro RNA-binding assays, we demonstrate that HuR acts via binding to AREs in Nox4 3′-UTR in response to HG. The invivo relevance of these observations is confirmed by the findings that increased Nox4 is accompanied by the binding of HuR to Nox4 mRNA in kidneys from type 1 diabetic animals, and further suppressing HuR expression showed a reno-protective role in a type 1 diabetic mouse model via reducing MC injury, along with the improvement of hyperglycemia and renal function. Conclusions We established for the first time that HuR-mediated translational regulation of Nox4 contributes to the pathogenesis of fibrosis of the glomerular microvascular bed. Thus therapeutic interventions affecting the interplay between Nox4 and HuR could be exploited as valuable tools in designing treatments for DKD. Increased HuR protein activation/expression responding to HG treatment and in diabetic animals. HuR binds to 3′UTR of Nox4 and promotes its translation during HG treatment. An inhibitor for HuR could be a potential treatment for diabetic kidney disease.
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15
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Howard D, Sebastian S, Le QVC, Thierry B, Kempson I. Chemical Mechanisms of Nanoparticle Radiosensitization and Radioprotection: A Review of Structure-Function Relationships Influencing Reactive Oxygen Species. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E579. [PMID: 31963205 PMCID: PMC7013516 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal nanoparticles are of increasing interest with respect to radiosensitization. The physical mechanisms of dose enhancement from X-rays interacting with nanoparticles has been well described theoretically, however have been insufficient in adequately explaining radiobiological response. Further confounding experimental observations is examples of radioprotection. Consequently, other mechanisms have gained increasing attention, especially via enhanced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to chemical-based mechanisms. Despite the large number of variables differing between published studies, a consensus identifies ROS-related mechanisms as being of significant importance. Understanding the structure-function relationship in enhancing ROS generation will guide optimization of metal nanoparticle radiosensitisers with respect to maximizing oxidative damage to cancer cells. This review highlights the physico-chemical mechanisms involved in enhancing ROS, commonly used assays and experimental considerations, variables involved in enhancing ROS generation and damage to cells and identifies current gaps in the literature that deserve attention. ROS generation and the radiobiological effects are shown to be highly complex with respect to nanoparticle physico-chemical properties and their fate within cells. There are a number of potential biological targets impacted by enhancing, or scavenging, ROS which add significant complexity to directly linking specific nanoparticle properties to a macroscale radiobiological result.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ivan Kempson
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes 5095, Australia; (D.H.); (B.T.)
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16
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He X, Zhang H, Tao B, Yang M, Chen H, Lu L, Yi H, Pan H, Tang S. The A/A Genotype of XPO1 rs4430924 Is Associated With Higher Risk of Antituberculosis Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Chinese Patients. J Clin Pharmacol 2019; 59:1014-1021. [PMID: 30817003 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.1398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Antituberculosis (anti-TB) drug-induced hepatotoxicity may be related to the excessive reactive oxygen species induced by hepatotoxic metabolites. Antioxidant activity involves the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway. The BTB domain and CNC homologue 1 (Bach1) may compete with Nrf2 for binding to transcriptional enhancers. Elimination of Bach1-mediated transcriptional repression depends on nuclear exporter exportin 1 (Xpo1). Thus, Xpo1 may indirectly affect antioxidant activity. The present study aimed to examine the role of tag single-nucleotide polymorphisms in XPO1 in Chinese anti-TB treatment patients. A 1:2 matched case-control study was conducted using 314 anti-TB drug-induced hepatotoxicity cases and 628 controls. After correcting for weight and hepatoprotectant use, conditional logistic regression analysis showed that patients carrying the AA genotype of rs4430924 in XPO1 were at higher risk of anti-TB drug-induced hepatotoxicity than those carrying the GG genotype based on the subgroup of probable cases (adjusted OR, 1.938; 95%CI, 1.035-3.628; P = .039), and marginally significant differences were also found under the recessive model (P = .048) and the additive model (P = .047). Based on this 1:2 matched case-control study, the AA genotype of rs4430924 in XPO1 may be associated with higher risk of anti-TB drug-induced hepatotoxicity in Chinese anti-TB treatment patients. Further studies in larger and more varied populations are required to validate this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin He
- Department of Infectious Disease, The People's Hospital of Taixing, Taixing, China
| | - Haiping Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bilin Tao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Miaomiao Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongbo Chen
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Jurong Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Jurong, China
| | - Lihuan Lu
- Department of Tuberculosis, The Second People's Hospital of Changshu, Changshu, China
| | - Honggang Yi
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongqiu Pan
- Department of Tuberculosis, The Third People's Hospital of Zhenjiang Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Shaowen Tang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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17
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Chen MK, Du Y, Sun L, Hsu JL, Wang YH, Gao Y, Huang J, Hung MC. H 2O 2 induces nuclear transport of the receptor tyrosine kinase c-MET in breast cancer cells via a membrane-bound retrograde trafficking mechanism. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:8516-8528. [PMID: 30962283 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are cellular by-products produced from metabolism and also anticancer agents, such as ionizing irradiation and chemotherapy drugs. The ROS H2O2 has high rates of production in cancer cells because of their rapid proliferation. ROS oxidize DNA, protein, and lipids, causing oxidative stress in cancer cells and making them vulnerable to other stresses. Therefore, cancer cell survival relies on maintaining ROS-induced stress at tolerable levels. Hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-MET) is a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed in malignant cancer types, including breast cancer. Full-length c-MET triggers a signal transduction cascade from the plasma membrane that, through downstream signaling proteins, up-regulates cell proliferation and migration. Recently, c-MET was shown to interact and phosphorylate poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 in the nucleus and to induce poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor resistance. However, it remains unclear how c-MET moves from the cell membrane to the nucleus. Here, we demonstrate that H2O2 induces retrograde transport of membrane-associated full-length c-MET into the nucleus of human MCF10A and MCF12A or primary breast cancer cells. We further show that knocking down either coatomer protein complex subunit γ1 (COPG1) or Sec61 translocon β subunit (SEC61β) attenuates the accumulation of full-length nuclear c-MET. However, a c-MET kinase inhibitor did not block nuclear c-MET transport. Moreover, nuclear c-MET interacted with KU proteins in breast cancer cells, suggesting a role of full-length nuclear c-MET in ROS-induced DNA damage repair. We conclude that a membrane-bound retrograde vesicle transport mechanism facilitates membrane-to-nucleus transport of c-MET in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Kuang Chen
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Yi Du
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Linlin Sun
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Jennifer L Hsu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Yu-Han Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jiaxing Huang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; Center of Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
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Abstract
The cleavage of nuclear proteins by caspases promotes nuclear breakdown and, therefore, plays a key role in apoptosis execution. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms of these events remain unclear. To get more insights into the mechanisms of nuclear events during apoptosis we set up a rapid fractionation protocol for the separation of the cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions of cells undergoing cisplatin-induced apoptosis. Importantly, nuclear accumulation of effector caspase-3 as well as initiator caspase-2, -8 and -9 was observed using the developed protocol and immunofluorescence microscopy. The detection of caspases and their cleavage products in the nucleus occurred within the same time interval after cisplatin treatment and took place shortly before nuclear fragmentation. The entry of initiator caspases to the nucleus was independent of caspase-3. Given that all three initiator caspases had catalytic activity in the nuclei, our findings indicate that initiator caspases might participate in the proteolysis of nuclear components during apoptosis, promoting its disintegration and apoptotic cell death.
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19
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Murley JS, Arbiser JL, Weichselbaum RR, Grdina DJ. ROS modifiers and NOX4 affect the expression of the survivin-associated radio-adaptive response. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 123:39-52. [PMID: 29660403 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.04.547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The survivin-associated radio-adaptive response can be induced following exposure to ionizing radiation in the dose range from 5 to 100 mGy, and its magnitude of expression is dependent upon the TP53 mutational status of cells and ROS signaling. The purpose of the study was to investigate the potential role of ROS in the development of the survivin-associated adaptive response. Utilizing human colon carcinoma HCT116 TP53 wild type (WT) and HCT116 isogenic TP53 null mutant (Mut) cell cultures, the roles of inter- and intracellular ROS signaling on expression of the adaptive response as evidenced by changes in intracellular translocation of survivin measured by ELISA, and cell survival determined by a standard colony forming assay were investigated using ROS modifying agents that include emodin, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), fulvene-5, honokiol, metformin and rotenone. The role of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) in the survivin-associated adaptive response was investigated by transfecting HCT116 cells, both WT and Mut, with two different NOX4 siRNA oligomers and Western blotting. A dose of 5 mGy or a 15 min exposure to 50 µM of the ROS producing drug emodin were equally effective in inducing a pro-survival adaptive response in TP53 WT and a radio-sensitization adaptive response in TP53 Mut HCT116 cells. Each response was associated with a corresponding translocation of survivin into the cytoplasm or nucleus, respectively. Exposure to 10 mM NAC completely inhibited both responses. Exposure to 10 µM honokiol induced responses similar to those observed following NAC exposure in TP53 WT and Mut cells. The mitochondrial complex 1 inhibitor rotenone was effective in reducing both cytoplasmic and nuclear survivin levels, but was ineffective in altering the expression of the adaptive response in either TP53 WT or Mut cells. In contrast, both metformin and fulvene-5, inhibitors of NOX4, facilitated the reversal of TP53 WT and Mut adaptive responses from pro-survival to radio-sensitization and vice versa, respectively. These changes were accompanied by corresponding reversals in the translocation of survivin to the nuclei of TP53 WT and to the cytoplasm of TP53 Mut cells. The potential role of NOX4 in the expression of the survivin-associated adaptive response was investigated by transfecting HCT116 cells with NOX4 siRNA oligomers to inhibit NOX4 expression. Under these conditions NOX4 expression was inhibited by about 50%, resulting in a reversal in the expression of the TP53 WT and Mut survivin-associated adaptive responses as was observed following metformin and fulvene-5 treatment. Exposure to 5 mGy resulted in enhanced NOX4 expression by about 40% in both TP53 WT and Mut cells, in contrast to only a 1-2% increase following a 2 Gy only exposure. Utilizing mixed cultures of HCT116 TP53 WT and isogenic null Mut cells, as few as 10% TP53 Mut cells were sufficient to control the expression of the remaining 90% WT cells and resulted in an overall radio-sensitization response accompanied by the nuclear translocation of survivin characteristic of homogeneous TP53 Mut populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey S Murley
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jack L Arbiser
- Department of Dermatology and Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Ralph R Weichselbaum
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - David J Grdina
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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20
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Larrieu D, Viré E, Robson S, Breusegem SY, Kouzarides T, Jackson SP. Inhibition of the acetyltransferase NAT10 normalizes progeric and aging cells by rebalancing the Transportin-1 nuclear import pathway. Sci Signal 2018; 11:eaar5401. [PMID: 29970603 PMCID: PMC6331045 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aar5401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is an incurable premature aging disease. Identifying deregulated biological processes in HGPS might thus help define novel therapeutic strategies. Fibroblasts from HGPS patients display defects in nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of the GTP-bound form of the small GTPase Ran (RanGTP), which leads to abnormal transport of proteins into the nucleus. We report that microtubule stabilization in HGPS cells sequestered the nonclassical nuclear import protein Transportin-1 (TNPO1) in the cytoplasm, thus affecting the nuclear localization of its cargo, including the nuclear pore protein NUP153. Consequently, nuclear Ran, nuclear anchorage of the nucleoporin TPR, and chromatin organization were disrupted, deregulating gene expression and inducing senescence. Inhibiting N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) ameliorated HGPS phenotypes by rebalancing the nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio of TNPO1. This restored nuclear pore complex integrity and nuclear Ran localization, thereby correcting HGPS cellular phenotypes. We observed a similar mechanism in cells from healthy aged individuals. This study identifies a nuclear import pathway affected in aging and underscores the potential for NAT10 inhibition as a possible therapeutic strategy for HGPS and perhaps also for pathologies associated with normal aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Larrieu
- The Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute and Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK.
| | - Emmanuelle Viré
- The Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute and Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK
| | - Samuel Robson
- The Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute and Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK
| | - Sophia Y Breusegem
- The Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute and Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK
| | - Tony Kouzarides
- The Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute and Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK
| | - Stephen P Jackson
- The Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute and Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK.
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21
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Murley JS, Miller RC, Weichselbaum RR, Grdina DJ. TP53 Mutational Status and ROS Effect the Expression of the Survivin-Associated Radio-Adaptive Response. Radiat Res 2017; 188:579-590. [PMID: 28813624 DOI: 10.1667/rr14831.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A survivin-associated radio-adaptive response, characterized by increased radiation resistance or sensitization, was induced by exposure to 5 mGy of ionizing radiation and was correlated to the TP53 mutational status of exposed cells. Ten human cancer lines were investigated: colorectal carcinomas HCT116 and RKO [TP53 wild-type (WT)] and their respective TP53 null isogenic lines; breast adenocarcinomas MCF7 (TP53 WT) and MDA-MB-231 (TP53 Mut); lung carcinomas A549 (TP53 WT) and NCI-H1975 (TP53 Mut); and pancreatic carcinomas Hs766T (TP53 WT) and Panc-1 (TP53 Mut). Radiation induced (5 mGy) changes in the subsequent responses to 2 Gy in a multi-dose paradigm. Effects on radiation sensitivity were associated with changes in survivin's intracellular translocation to the cytoplasm (TP53 WT) or nucleus (TP53 Mut). Survival responses were determined using a colony forming assay. Intracellular localization of survivin was determined by ELISA and correlated with survival response. Two 2 Gy doses had minimal effects on the intracellular translocation of survivin. When preceded 15 min earlier by a 5 mGy exposure, survivin translocated to the cytoplasm in all of the TP53 WT cell lines, and to the nuclei in the TP53 null and Mut cells. All TP53 WT cells were protected (P < 0.001) by 5 mGy exposures, while Mut cells were sensitized (P < 0.001). HCT116 and RKO TP53 WT cells were admixed with their respective isogenic TP53 null counterparts in different proportions: 75% to 25%, 50% to 50% and 25% to 75%, respectively. All mixed confluent cultures expressed enhanced radio-sensitization (P ≤ 0.047) characteristic of TP53 Mut cells, which could be inhibited by their exposure to the antioxidant N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) indicating a role for intercellular signaling by reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS signaling in propagating the survivin-mediated response is involved in both intra- and intercellular communication processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey S Murley
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Richard C Miller
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Ralph R Weichselbaum
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - David J Grdina
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
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22
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Filippova N, Yang X, Ananthan S, Sorochinsky A, Hackney JR, Gentry Z, Bae S, King P, Nabors LB. Hu antigen R (HuR) multimerization contributes to glioma disease progression. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:16999-17010. [PMID: 28790173 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.797878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Among primary brain cancers, gliomas are the most deadly and most refractory to current treatment modalities. Previous reports overwhelmingly support the role of the RNA-binding protein Hu antigen R (HuR) as a positive regulator of glioma disease progression. HuR expression is consistently elevated in tumor tissues, and a cytoplasmic localization appears essential for HuR-dependent oncogenic transformation. Here, we report HuR aggregation (multimerization) in glioma and the analysis of this tumor-specific HuR protein multimerization in clinical brain tumor samples. Using a split luciferase assay, a bioluminescence resonance energy transfer technique, and site-directed mutagenesis, we examined the domains involved in HuR multimerization. Results obtained with the combination of the split HuR luciferase assay with the bioluminescence resonance energy transfer technique suggested that multiple (at least three) HuR molecules come together during HuR multimerization in glioma cells. Using these data, we developed a model of HuR multimerization in glioma cells. We also demonstrate that exposing glioma cells to the HuR inhibitor tanshinone group compound 15,16-dihydrotanshinone-I or to the newly identified compound 5 disrupts HuR multimerization modules and reduces tumor cell survival and proliferation. In summary, our findings provide new insights into HuR multimerization in glioma and highlight possible pharmacological approaches for targeting HuR domains involved in cancer cell-specific multimerization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sejong Bae
- Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Peter King
- From the Departments of Neurology.,Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
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Survive or thrive: tradeoff strategy for cellular senescence. Exp Mol Med 2017; 49:e342. [PMID: 28572574 PMCID: PMC5519021 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2017.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging-dependent cellular behaviors toward extrinsic stress are characterized by the confined localization of certain molecules to either nuclear or perinuclear regions. Although most growth factors can activate downstream signaling in aging cells, they do not in fact have any impact on the cells because the signals cannot reach their genetic targets in the nucleus. For the same reason, varying apoptotic stress factors cannot stimulate the apoptotic pathway in senescent cells. Thus, the operation of a functional nuclear barrier in an aging-dependent manner has been investigated. To elucidate the mechanism for this process, the housekeeping transcription factor Sp1 was identified as a general regulator of nucleocytoplasmic trafficking (NCT) genes, including various nucleoporins, importins, exportins and Ran GTPase cycle-related genes. Interestingly, the posttranslational modification of Sp1 is readily influenced by extrinsic stress, including oxidative and metabolic stress. The decrease in SP1 O-GlcNAcylation under oxidative stress or during replicative senescence makes it susceptible to proteosomal degradation, resulting in defective NCT functions and leading to nuclear barrier formation. The operation of the nuclear barrier in aging provides a fundamental mechanism for cellular protection against stress and promotes survival at the expense of growth via stress-sensitive transcriptional control.
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Falaleeva M, Welden JR, Duncan MJ, Stamm S. C/D-box snoRNAs form methylating and non-methylating ribonucleoprotein complexes: Old dogs show new tricks. Bioessays 2017; 39:10.1002/bies.201600264. [PMID: 28505386 PMCID: PMC5586538 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201600264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
C/D box snoRNAs (SNORDs) are an abundantly expressed class of short, non-coding RNAs that have been long known to perform 2'-O-methylation of rRNAs. However, approximately half of human SNORDs have no predictable rRNA targets, and numerous SNORDs have been associated with diseases that show no defects in rRNAs, among them Prader-Willi syndrome, Duplication 15q syndrome and cancer. This apparent discrepancy has been addressed by recent studies showing that SNORDs can act to regulate pre-mRNA alternative splicing, mRNA abundance, activate enzymes, and be processed into shorter ncRNAs resembling miRNAs and piRNAs. Furthermore, recent biochemical studies have shown that a given SNORD can form both methylating and non-methylating ribonucleoprotein complexes, providing an indication of the likely physical basis for such diverse new functions. Thus, SNORDs are more structurally and functionally diverse than previously thought, and their role in gene expression is under-appreciated. The action of SNORDs in non-methylating complexes can be substituted with oligonucleotides, allowing devising therapies for diseases like Prader-Willi syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Falaleeva
- University Kentucky, Institute for Biochemistry, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Justin R. Welden
- University Kentucky, Institute for Biochemistry, Lexington, KY, USA
| | | | - Stefan Stamm
- University Kentucky, Institute for Biochemistry, Lexington, KY, USA
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25
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Tu C, Mojica W, Straubinger RM, Li J, Shen S, Qu M, Nie L, Roberts R, An B, Qu J. Quantitative proteomic profiling of paired cancerous and normal colon epithelial cells isolated freshly from colorectal cancer patients. Proteomics Clin Appl 2017; 11. [PMID: 27943637 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201600155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The heterogeneous structure in tumor tissues from colorectal cancer (CRC) patients excludes an informative comparison between tumors and adjacent normal tissues. Here, we develop and apply a strategy to compare paired cancerous (CEC) versus normal (NEC) epithelial cells enriched from patients and discover potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for CRC. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN CEC and NEC cells are respectively isolated from five different tumor and normal locations in the resected colon tissue from each patient (N = 12 patients) using an optimized epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM)-based enrichment approach. An ion current-based quantitative method is employed to perform comparative proteomic analysis for each patient. RESULTS A total of 458 altered proteins that are common among >75% of patients are observed and selected for further investigation. Besides known findings such as deregulation of mitochondrial function, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and RNA post-transcriptional modification, functional analysis further revealed RAN signaling pathway, small nucleolar ribonucleoproteins (snoRNPs), and infection by RNA viruses are altered in CEC cells. A selection of the altered proteins of interest is validated by immunohistochemistry analyses. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The informative comparison between matched CEC and NEC enhances our understanding of molecular mechanisms of CRC development and provides biomarker candidates and new pathways for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjian Tu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA.,New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Wilfrido Mojica
- Department of Pathology, State University of New York at Buffalo-State, University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Robert M Straubinger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA.,New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA.,New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Shichen Shen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA.,New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Miao Qu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA.,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Nie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Rick Roberts
- Department of Structural Biology, State University of New York at Buffalo, , State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Bo An
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA.,New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jun Qu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA.,New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA
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26
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Mahboubi H, Stochaj U. Cytoplasmic stress granules: Dynamic modulators of cell signaling and disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1863:884-895. [PMID: 28095315 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Stress granule (SG) assembly is a conserved cellular strategy to minimize stress-related damage and promote cell survival. Beyond their fundamental role in the stress response, SGs have emerged as key players for human health. As such, SG assembly is associated with cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, ischemia, and virus infections. SGs and granule-related signaling circuits are therefore promising targets to improve therapeutic intervention for several diseases. This is clinically relevant, because pharmacological drugs can affect treatment outcome by modulating SG formation. As membraneless and highly dynamic compartments, SGs regulate translation, ribostasis and proteostasis. Moreover, they serve as signaling hubs that determine cell viability and stress recovery. Various compounds can modulate SG formation and dynamics. Rewiring cell signaling through SG manipulation thus represents a new strategy to control cell fate under various physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hicham Mahboubi
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ursula Stochaj
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
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27
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Dynamic mislocalizations of nuclear pore complex proteins after focal cerebral ischemia in rat. J Neurosci Res 2016; 95:1745-1759. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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28
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Capitanio D, Vasso M, De Palma S, Fania C, Torretta E, Cammarata FP, Magnaghi V, Procacci P, Gelfi C. Specific protein changes contribute to the differential muscle mass loss during ageing. Proteomics 2016; 16:645-56. [PMID: 26698593 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201500395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In the skeletal muscle, the ageing process is characterized by a loss of muscle mass and strength, coupled with a decline of mitochondrial function and a decrease of satellite cells. This profile is more pronounced in hindlimb than in forelimb muscles, both in humans and in rodents. Utilizing light and electron microscopy, myosin heavy chain isoform distribution, proteomic analysis by 2D-DIGE, MALDI-TOF MS and quantitative immunoblotting, this study analyzes the protein levels and the nuclear localization of specific molecules, which can contribute to a preferential muscle loss. Our results identify the molecular changes in the hindlimb (gastrocnemius) and forelimb (triceps) muscles during ageing in rats (3- and 22-month-old). Specifically, the oxidative metabolism contributes to tissue homeostasis in triceps, whereas respiratory chain disruption and oxidative-stress-induced damage imbalance the homeostasis in gastrocnemius muscle. High levels of dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase (Dlat) and ATP synthase subunit alpha (Atp5a1) are detected in triceps and gastrocnemius, respectively. Interestingly, in triceps, both molecules are increased in the nucleus in aged rats and are associated to an increased protein acetylation and myoglobin availability. Furthermore, autophagy is retained in triceps whereas an enhanced fusion, decrement of mitophagy and of regenerative potential is observed in aged gastrocnemius muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Capitanio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese (MI), Italy
| | - Michele Vasso
- Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology, National Research Council, Segrate (MI) - Cefalù (PA), Italy
| | - Sara De Palma
- Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology, National Research Council, Segrate (MI) - Cefalù (PA), Italy
| | - Chiara Fania
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese (MI), Italy
| | - Enrica Torretta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese (MI), Italy
| | - Francesco P Cammarata
- Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology, National Research Council, Segrate (MI) - Cefalù (PA), Italy
| | - Valerio Magnaghi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Procacci
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Gelfi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese (MI), Italy.,Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology, National Research Council, Segrate (MI) - Cefalù (PA), Italy
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29
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Miller RC, Murley JS, Rademaker AW, Woloschak GE, Li JJ, Weichselbaum RR, Grdina DJ. Very low doses of ionizing radiation and redox associated modifiers affect survivin-associated changes in radiation sensitivity. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 99:110-119. [PMID: 27427516 PMCID: PMC6764831 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Exposure of cells to a dose of ionizing radiation as low as 5mGy can induce changes in radiation sensitivity expressed by cells exposed to subsequent higher doses at later times. This is referred to as an adaptive effect. We describe a unique survivin-associated adaptive response in which increased radiation resistance or sensitization of cells can be induced by exposure to 5mGy or to the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generating drug Emodin (1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methylanthraquinone), a naturally occurring anthraquinone. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of ROS generating processes in affecting both the intracellular localization of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein survivin and its subsequent effect on radiation response in the presence or absence of the anti-oxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC). Experiments were performed using two well characterized murine sarcomas: SA-NH p53 wild-type (WT) and FSa p53 mutant (Mut), grown either in culture or as solid tumors in the right hind legs of C3H mice. Doses of 5mGy or 50μM Emodin were used to induce changes in the response of these tumor cells to higher radiation exposures using a multi-dosing paradigm. Effects on radiation sensitivity were determined for SA-NH and FSa cells as a function of survivin translocation either to the cytoplasm or nucleus in the presence or absence of 10mM NAC treatment. In vitro survival assays (2Gy per fraction, two once daily fractions) and tumor growth delay (TGD) (5Gy per fraction, five once daily fractions) studies were performed. Intracellular localization of survivin was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and correlated to survival response and treatment conditions. 2Gy alone had no effect on intracellular translocation of survivin. When preceded 15min earlier by 5mGy or Emodin exposures, survivin became elevated in the cytoplasm of p53 WT SA-NH as compared to the nuclei of p53 Mut FSa cells. SA-NH cells transfected with p53 small interfering RNA (siRNA), in contrast, responded similarly to p53 Mut FSa cells by becoming more radiation sensitive if exposed to 5mGy prior to each 2Gy irradiation. In contrast to their respective responses to five once daily 5Gy fractions, SA-NH tumors were protected by 5mGy exposures administered 15min prior to each daily 5Gy dose as evidenced by a more rapid growth (1.9 day decrease in TGD, P=0.032), while FSa tumors were sensitized, growing at a much slower rate (4.5 day increase in TGD, P<0.001). Exposure of SA-NH and FSa tumor cells to 10mM NAC inhibited the ability of 5mGy and Emodin to induce intracellular translocation of survivin and the corresponding altered adaptive survival response. The survivin-associated adaptive response can be induced following a multi-dosing scheme in which very low radiation doses are followed shortly thereafter by higher doses consistent with a standard image guided radiotherapy protocol that is currently widely used in the treatment of cancer. While induced by exposure to ROS generating stresses, the ultimate expression of changes in radiation response is dependent upon the bi-functionality of the tumor associated protein survivin and its intracellular translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard C Miller
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jeffrey S Murley
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Alfred W Rademaker
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Gayle E Woloschak
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Jian Jian Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Ralph R Weichselbaum
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - David J Grdina
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.
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30
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Wang P, Ma D, Wang J, Fang Q, Gao R, Wu W, Cao L, Hu X, Zhao J, Li Y. INPP4B-mediated DNA repair pathway confers resistance to chemotherapy in acute myeloid leukemia. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:12513-12523. [PMID: 27342972 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5111-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INPP4B has been recently shown to be a poor prognostic marker and confer chemo- or radio-resistance in AML cells, whereas, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, we aimed to explore the possible mechanisms mediated the resistance to chemotherapy in AML. We found that INPP4B-mediated resistance to genotoxic drug, cytarabine, was accompanied by lower p-H2AX accumulation in KG-1 cells, and INPP4B knockdown evidently sensitized KG-1 cells to cytarabine, meanwhile, p-H2AX expression was increased dramatically. Then, we observed that INPP4B knockdown inhibited the loss of p-H2AX expression after cytarabine removal in INPP4B-silenced KG-1 cells, whereas, in control KG-1 cells, the expression of p-H2AX was reduced in a time-dependent manner. Next, INPP4B knockdown can significantly downregulate ATM expression and subsequently inhibit the activation of ATM downstream targets of p-ATM, p-BRCA1, p-ATR, and p-RAD51. Furthermore, nuclear localization of p65 was inhibited after INPP4B knockdown, and reactivation of p65 can rescue the INPP4B knockdown-induced inhibition of ATM, p-ATM, p-BRCA1, p-ATR, and p-RAD51. Finally, INPP4B expression was positively correlated with ATM expression in AML cells, both INPP4B knockdown and KU55933 can significantly sensitize primary myeloid leukemic cells to cytarabine treatment.Collectively, these data suggest that enhanced ATM-dependent DNA repair is involved in resistance to chemotherapy in INPP4Bhigh AML, which could be mediated by p65 nuclear translocation, combination chemotherapy with INPP4B or DNA repair pathway inhibition represents a promising strategy in INPP4Bhigh AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.,Key Laboratory of Hematological Disease Diagnostic and Treat Centre of GuiZhou Province, Guiyang, 550004, China.,GuiZhou Province Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Dan Ma
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.,Key Laboratory of Hematological Disease Diagnostic and Treat Centre of GuiZhou Province, Guiyang, 550004, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated BaiYun Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, China
| | - Jishi Wang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China. .,Key Laboratory of Hematological Disease Diagnostic and Treat Centre of GuiZhou Province, Guiyang, 550004, China. .,GuiZhou Province Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.
| | - Qin Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated BaiYun Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Rui Gao
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.,Key Laboratory of Hematological Disease Diagnostic and Treat Centre of GuiZhou Province, Guiyang, 550004, China.,GuiZhou Province Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Weibing Wu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.,Key Laboratory of Hematological Disease Diagnostic and Treat Centre of GuiZhou Province, Guiyang, 550004, China.,GuiZhou Province Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Lu Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Xiuying Hu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.,Key Laboratory of Hematological Disease Diagnostic and Treat Centre of GuiZhou Province, Guiyang, 550004, China.,GuiZhou Province Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Jiangyuan Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.,Key Laboratory of Hematological Disease Diagnostic and Treat Centre of GuiZhou Province, Guiyang, 550004, China.,GuiZhou Province Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.,Key Laboratory of Hematological Disease Diagnostic and Treat Centre of GuiZhou Province, Guiyang, 550004, China.,GuiZhou Province Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
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31
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Jaberi A, Hooker E, Guillemette J, Papillon J, Kristof AS, Cybulsky AV. Identification of Tpr and α-actinin-4 as two novel SLK-interacting proteins. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1853:2539-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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32
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Yang X, Ding F, Zhang L, Sheng Y, Zheng X, Wang Y. The importin α subunit PsIMPA1 mediates the oxidative stress response and is required for the pathogenicity of Phytophthora sojae. Fungal Genet Biol 2015; 82:108-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2015.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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33
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Pinto G, Alhaiek AAM, Godovac-Zimmermann J. Proteomics reveals the importance of the dynamic redistribution of the subcellular location of proteins in breast cancer cells. Expert Rev Proteomics 2015; 12:61-74. [PMID: 25591448 DOI: 10.1586/14789450.2015.1002474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
At the molecular level, living cells are enormously complicated complex adaptive systems in which intertwined genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolic networks all play a crucial role. At the same time, cells are spatially heterogeneous systems in which subcellular compartmentalization of different functions is ubiquitous and requires efficient cross-compartmental communication. Dynamic redistribution of multitudinous proteins to different subcellular locations in response to cellular functional state is increasingly recognized as a crucial characteristic of cellular function that seems to be at least as important as overall changes in protein abundance. Characterization of the subcellular spatial dynamics of protein distribution is a major challenge for proteomics and recent results with MCF7 breast cancer cells suggest that this may be of particular importance for cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Pinto
- Division of Medicine, University College London, Centre for Nephrology, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK
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34
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Jiménez-Osorio AS, Picazo A, González-Reyes S, Barrera-Oviedo D, Rodríguez-Arellano ME, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Nrf2 and redox status in prediabetic and diabetic patients. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:20290-305. [PMID: 25383674 PMCID: PMC4264167 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151120290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 11/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The redox status associated with nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) was evaluated in prediabetic and diabetic subjects. Total antioxidant status (TAS) in plasma and erythrocytes, glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content and activity of antioxidant enzymes were measured as redox status markers in 259 controls, 111 prediabetics and 186 diabetic type 2 subjects. Nrf2 was measured in nuclear extract fractions from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Nrf2 levels were lower in prediabetic and diabetic patients. TAS, GSH and activity of glutamate cysteine ligase were lower in diabetic subjects. An increase of MDA and superoxide dismutase activity was found in diabetic subjects. These results suggest that low levels of Nrf2 are involved in the development of oxidative stress and redox status disbalance in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica S Jiménez-Osorio
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Biology, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), University City 04510 DF, Mexico.
| | - Alejandra Picazo
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), University City 04510 DF, Mexico.
| | - Susana González-Reyes
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Biology, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), University City 04510 DF, Mexico.
| | - Diana Barrera-Oviedo
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), University City 04510 DF, Mexico.
| | - Martha E Rodríguez-Arellano
- Research Department, Hospital Regional "Lic. Adolfo López Mateos", ISSSTE, Av. Universidad 1321, Florida 01030 DF, Mexico.
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Biology, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), University City 04510 DF, Mexico.
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35
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Faè M, Balestrazzi A, Confalonieri M, Donà M, Macovei A, Valassi A, Giraffa G, Carbonera D. Copper-mediated genotoxic stress is attenuated by the overexpression of the DNA repair gene MtTdp2α (tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 2) in Medicago truncatula plants. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2014; 33:1071-1080. [PMID: 24638978 DOI: 10.1007/s11240-013-0395-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Revised: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Our study highlights the use of the DNA repair gene MtTdp2α as a tool for improving the plant response to heavy metal stress. Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 2 (Tdp2), involved in the removal of DNA topoisomerase II-mediated DNA damage and cell proliferation/differentiation signalling in animal cells, is still poorly characterised in plants. The Medicago truncatula lines Tdp2α-13c and Tdp2α-28 overexpressing the MtTdp2α gene and control (CTRL) line were exposed to 0.2 mM CuCl2. The DNA diffusion assay revealed a significant reduction in the percentage of necrosis caused by copper in the aerial parts of the Tdp2α-13c and Tdp2α-28 plants while neutral single cell gel electrophoresis highlighted a significant decrease in double strand breaks (DSBs), compared to CTRL. In the copper-treated Tdp2α-13c and Tdp2α-28 lines there was up-regulation (up to 4.0-fold) of genes encoding the α and β isoforms of Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1, indicating the requirement for Tdp1 function in the response to heavy metals. As for DSB sensing, the MtMRE11, MtRAD50 and MtNBS1 genes were also significantly up-regulated (up to 2.3-fold) in the MtTdp2α-overexpressing plants grown under physiological conditions, compared to CTRL line, and then further stimulated in response to copper. The basal antioxidant machinery was always activated in all the tested lines, as indicated by the concomitant up-regulation of MtcytSOD and MtcpSOD genes (cytosolic and chloroplastic Superoxide Dismutase), and MtMT2 (type 2 metallothionein) gene. The role of MtTdp2α gene in enhancing the plant response to genotoxic injury under heavy metal stress is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Faè
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie 'L. Spallanzani', Via Ferrata 9, 27100, Pavia, Italy
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36
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Faè M, Balestrazzi A, Confalonieri M, Donà M, Macovei A, Valassi A, Giraffa G, Carbonera D. Copper-mediated genotoxic stress is attenuated by the overexpression of the DNA repair gene MtTdp2α (tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 2) in Medicago truncatula plants. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2014; 33:1071-80. [PMID: 24638978 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-014-1595-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Revised: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Our study highlights the use of the DNA repair gene MtTdp2α as a tool for improving the plant response to heavy metal stress. Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 2 (Tdp2), involved in the removal of DNA topoisomerase II-mediated DNA damage and cell proliferation/differentiation signalling in animal cells, is still poorly characterised in plants. The Medicago truncatula lines Tdp2α-13c and Tdp2α-28 overexpressing the MtTdp2α gene and control (CTRL) line were exposed to 0.2 mM CuCl2. The DNA diffusion assay revealed a significant reduction in the percentage of necrosis caused by copper in the aerial parts of the Tdp2α-13c and Tdp2α-28 plants while neutral single cell gel electrophoresis highlighted a significant decrease in double strand breaks (DSBs), compared to CTRL. In the copper-treated Tdp2α-13c and Tdp2α-28 lines there was up-regulation (up to 4.0-fold) of genes encoding the α and β isoforms of Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1, indicating the requirement for Tdp1 function in the response to heavy metals. As for DSB sensing, the MtMRE11, MtRAD50 and MtNBS1 genes were also significantly up-regulated (up to 2.3-fold) in the MtTdp2α-overexpressing plants grown under physiological conditions, compared to CTRL line, and then further stimulated in response to copper. The basal antioxidant machinery was always activated in all the tested lines, as indicated by the concomitant up-regulation of MtcytSOD and MtcpSOD genes (cytosolic and chloroplastic Superoxide Dismutase), and MtMT2 (type 2 metallothionein) gene. The role of MtTdp2α gene in enhancing the plant response to genotoxic injury under heavy metal stress is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Faè
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie 'L. Spallanzani', Via Ferrata 9, 27100, Pavia, Italy
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Rochette L, Zeller M, Cottin Y, Vergely C. Diabetes, oxidative stress and therapeutic strategies. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2014; 1840:2709-29. [PMID: 24905298 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 315] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes has emerged as a major threat to health worldwide. SCOPE OF REVIEW The exact mechanisms underlying the disease are unknown; however, there is growing evidence that excess generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), largely due to hyperglycemia, causes oxidative stress in a variety of tissues. Oxidative stress results from either an increase in free radical production, or a decrease in endogenous antioxidant defenses, or both. ROS and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are products of cellular metabolism and are well recognized for their dual role as both deleterious and beneficial species. In type 2 diabetic patients, oxidative stress is closely associated with chronic inflammation. Multiple signaling pathways contribute to the adverse effects of glucotoxicity on cellular functions. There are many endogenous factors (antioxidants, vitamins, antioxidant enzymes, metal ion chelators) that can serve as endogenous modulators of the production and action of ROS. Clinical trials that investigated the effect of antioxidant vitamins on the progression of diabetic complications gave negative or inconclusive results. This lack of efficacy might also result from the fact that they were administered at a time when irreversible alterations in the redox status are already under way. Another strategy to modulate oxidative stress is to exploit the pleiotropic properties of drugs directed primarily at other targets and thus acting as indirect antioxidants. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS It appears important to develop new compounds that target key vascular ROS producing enzymes and mimic endogenous antioxidants. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE This strategy might prove clinically relevant in preventing the development and/or retarding the progression of diabetes associated with vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Rochette
- Laboratoire de Physiopathologie et Pharmacologie Cardio-Métaboliques, INSERM UMR866, Université de Bourgogne, Facultés de Médecine et Pharmacie, 7 Boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079 Dijon, France.
| | - Marianne Zeller
- Laboratoire de Physiopathologie et Pharmacologie Cardio-Métaboliques, INSERM UMR866, Université de Bourgogne, Facultés de Médecine et Pharmacie, 7 Boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Yves Cottin
- Laboratoire de Physiopathologie et Pharmacologie Cardio-Métaboliques, INSERM UMR866, Université de Bourgogne, Facultés de Médecine et Pharmacie, 7 Boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Catherine Vergely
- Laboratoire de Physiopathologie et Pharmacologie Cardio-Métaboliques, INSERM UMR866, Université de Bourgogne, Facultés de Médecine et Pharmacie, 7 Boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079 Dijon, France
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Ng IHW, Yeap YYC, Ong LSR, Jans DA, Bogoyevitch MA. Oxidative stress impairs multiple regulatory events to drive persistent cytokine-stimulated STAT3 phosphorylation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2014; 1843:483-94. [PMID: 24286865 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2013.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Although cytokine-driven STAT3 phosphorylation and activation are often transient, persistent activation of STAT3 is a hallmark of a range of pathologies and underpins altered transcriptional responses. As triggers in disease frequently include combined increases in inflammatory cytokine and reactive oxygen species levels, we report here how oxidative stress impacts on cytokine-driven STAT3 signal transduction events. In the model system of murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), combined treatment with the interleukin-6 family cytokine Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) drove persistent STAT3 phosphorylation whereas STAT3 phosphorylation increased only transiently in response to LIF alone and was not increased by H2O2 alone. Surprisingly, increases in transcript levels of the direct STAT3 gene target SOCS3 were delayed during the combined LIF + H2O2 treatment, leading us to probe the impact of oxidative stress on STAT3 regulatory events. Indeed, LIF + H2O2 prolonged JAK activation, delayed STAT3 nuclear localisation, and caused relocalisation of nuclear STAT3 phosphatase TC-PTP (TC45) to the cytoplasm. In exploring the nuclear import/ export pathways, we observed disruption of nuclear/cytoplasmic distributions of Ran and importin-alpha3 in cells exposed to H2O2 and the resultant reduced nuclear trafficking of Classical importin-alpha/3-dependent protein cargoes. CRM1-mediated nuclear export persisted despite the oxidative stress insult, with sustained STAT3 Y705 phosphorylation enhancing STAT3 nuclear residency. Our studies thus reveal for the first time the striking impact of oxidative stress to sustain STAT3 phosphorylation and nuclear retention following disruption of multiple regulatory events, with significant implications for STAT3 function.
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Li B, Kohler JJ. Glycosylation of the nuclear pore. Traffic 2014; 15:347-61. [PMID: 24423194 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) posttranslational modification was first discovered 30 years ago and is highly concentrated in the nuclear pore. In the years since the discovery of this single sugar modification, substantial progress has been made in understanding the biochemistry of O-GlcNAc and its regulation. Nonetheless, O-GlcNAc modification of proteins continues to be overlooked, due in large part to the lack of reliable methods available for its detection. Recently, a new crop of immunological and chemical detection reagents has changed the research landscape. Using these tools, approximately 1000 O-GlcNAc-modified proteins have been identified. While other forms of glycosylation are typically associated with extracellular proteins, O-GlcNAc is abundant on nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins. In particular, phenylalanine-glycine nucleoporins are heavily O-GlcNAc-modified. Recent experiments are beginning to provide insight into the functional implications of O-GlcNAc modification on certain proteins, but its role in the nuclear pore has remained enigmatic. However, tantalizing new results suggest that O-GlcNAc may play roles in regulating nucleocytoplasmic transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
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Das R, Bhattacharya K, Sarkar S, Samanta SK, Pal BC, Mandal C. Mahanine synergistically enhances cytotoxicity of 5-fluorouracil through ROS-mediated activation of PTEN and p53/p73 in colon carcinoma. Apoptosis 2014; 19:149-64. [PMID: 24052409 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-013-0907-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) alone or in combination with other drugs is the main basis of chemotherapeutic treatment in colorectal cancer although patients with microsatellite instability generally show resistance to 5-FU treatment. The present investigation is focussed on the mechanistic insight of a pure herbal carbazole alkaloid, mahanine, as a single or in combination with 5-FU in colon cancer. We demonstrated that mahanine-induced apoptosis involved reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated nuclear accumulation of PTEN and its interaction with p53/p73. Mahanine and 5-FU in combination exerted synergistic inhibitory effect on cell viability. This combination also enhanced ROS production, increased tumour suppressor proteins and suppressed chemo-migration. Taken together, our results revealed that mahanine can be a potential chemotherapeutic agent with efficacy to reduce the concentration of toxic 5-FU in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjita Das
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India
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Su H, Kodiha M, Lee S, Stochaj U. Identification of novel markers that demarcate the nucleolus during severe stress and chemotherapeutic treatment. PLoS One 2013; 8:e80237. [PMID: 24223222 PMCID: PMC3819286 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The nucleolus, the ribosomal factory of the cell, has emerged as a key player that regulates many aspects of cell biology. Several thousand proteins associate at least transiently with nucleoli, thereby generating a highly dynamic compartment with a protein profile which is sensitive to changes in cell physiology and pharmacological agents. Powerful tools that reliably demarcate the nucleoli are a prerequisite to measure their composition and activities. Previously, we developed quantitative methods to measure fluorescently labeled molecules in nucleoli. While these tools identify nucleoli under control and mild stress conditions, the accurate detection of nucleolar boundaries under harsh experimental conditions is complicated by the lack of appropriate markers for the nucleolar compartment. Using fluorescence microscopy we have now identified new marker proteins to detect nucleoli upon (a) severe stress and (b) drug treatments that trigger a pronounced reorganization of nucleoli. Our results demonstrate that nucleolin is an ideal marker to delimit nucleoli when cells are exposed to heat or oxidative stress. Furthermore, we show for the first time that cellular apoptosis susceptibility protein (CAS) and human antigen R protein (HuR) are excluded from nucleoli and can be employed to delimit these compartments under severe conditions that redistribute major nucleolar proteins. As proof-of-principle, we used these markers to demarcate nucleoli in cells treated with pharmacological compounds that disrupt the nucleolar organization. Furthermore, to gain new insights into the biology of the nucleolus, we applied our protocols and quantified stress- and drug-induced changes in nucleolar organization and function. Finally, we show that CAS, HuR and nucleolin not only identify nucleoli in optical sections, but are also suitable to demarcate the nucleolar border following 3D reconstruction. Taken together, our studies present novel marker proteins that delimit nucleoli with high confidence under a variety of experimental settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitong Su
- McGill University, Department of Physiology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mohamed Kodiha
- McGill University, Department of Physiology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sunghoon Lee
- McGill University, Department of Physiology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ursula Stochaj
- McGill University, Department of Physiology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Hakim A, Barnes PJ, Adcock IM, Usmani OS. Importin‐7 mediates glucocorticoid receptor nuclear import and is impaired by oxidative stress, leading to glucocorticoid insensitivity. FASEB J 2013; 27:4510-9. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.12-222604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hakim
- National Heart and Lung InstituteImperial College London and Royal Brompton HospitalLondonUK
| | - Peter J. Barnes
- National Heart and Lung InstituteImperial College London and Royal Brompton HospitalLondonUK
| | - Ian M. Adcock
- National Heart and Lung InstituteImperial College London and Royal Brompton HospitalLondonUK
| | - Omar S. Usmani
- National Heart and Lung InstituteImperial College London and Royal Brompton HospitalLondonUK
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Role of cysteine 288 in nucleophosmin cytoplasmic mutations: sensitization to toxicity induced by arsenic trioxide and bortezomib. Leukemia 2013; 27:1970-80. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2013.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Revised: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Mahboubi H, Seganathy E, Kong D, Stochaj U. Identification of Novel Stress Granule Components That Are Involved in Nuclear Transport. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68356. [PMID: 23826389 PMCID: PMC3694919 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Importin-α1 belongs to a subfamily of nuclear transport adaptors and participates in diverse cellular functions. Best understood for its role in protein transport, importin-α1 also contributes to other biological processes. For instance, arsenite treatment causes importin-α1 to associate with cytoplasmic stress granules (SGs) in mammalian cells. These stress-induced compartments contain translationally arrested mRNAs, small ribosomal subunits and numerous proteins involved in mRNA transport and metabolism. At present, it is not known whether members of all three importin-α subfamilies locate to SGs in response to stress. Results Here, we demonstrate that the oxidant diethyl maleate (DEM), arsenite and heat shock, promote the formation of cytoplasmic SGs that contain nuclear transport factors. Specifically, importin-α1, α4 and α5, which belong to distinct subfamilies, and importin-β1 were targeted by all of these stressors to cytoplasmic SGs, but not to P-bodies. Importin-α family members have been implicated in transcriptional regulation, which prompted us to analyze their ability to interact with poly(A)-RNA in growing cells. Our studies show that importin-α1, but not α4, α5, importin-β1 or CAS, associated with poly(A)-RNA under nonstress conditions. Notably, this interaction was significantly reduced when cells were treated with DEM. Additional studies suggest that importin-α1 is likely connected to poly(A)-RNA through an indirect interaction, as the adaptor did not bind homopolymer RNA specifically in vitro. Significance Our studies establish that members of three importin-α subfamilies are bona fide SG components under different stress conditions. Furthermore, importin-α1 is unique in its ability to interact with poly(A)-RNA in a stress-dependent fashion, and in vitro experiments indicate that this association is indirect. Collectively, our data emphasize that nuclear transport factors participate in a growing number of cellular activities that are modulated by stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hicham Mahboubi
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Dekun Kong
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ursula Stochaj
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- * E-mail:
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D'Errico M, Pascucci B, Iorio E, Van Houten B, Dogliotti E. The role of CSA and CSB protein in the oxidative stress response. Mech Ageing Dev 2013; 134:261-9. [PMID: 23562424 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2013.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Revised: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cockayne syndrome (CS) is a rare hereditary disorder in which infants suffer severe developmental and neurological alterations and early death. Two genes encoding RNA polymerase II cofactors, CSA and CSB, are mutated in this syndrome. CSA and CSB proteins are known to be involved in the transcription-coupled DNA repair pathway but the sensitivity of mutant cells to a number of physical/chemical agents besides UV radiation, such as ionizing radiation, hydrogen peroxide and bioenergetic inhibitors indicate that these proteins play a pivotal role in additional pathways. In this review we will discuss the evidence that implicate CS proteins in the control of oxidative stress response with special emphasis on recent findings that show an altered redox balance and dysfunctional mitochondria in cells derived from patients. Working models of how these new functions might be key to developmental and neurological disease in CS will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariarosaria D'Errico
- Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Qattan AT, Radulovic M, Crawford M, Godovac-Zimmermann J. Spatial distribution of cellular function: the partitioning of proteins between mitochondria and the nucleus in MCF7 breast cancer cells. J Proteome Res 2012; 11:6080-101. [PMID: 23051583 PMCID: PMC4261608 DOI: 10.1021/pr300736v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Concurrent proteomics analysis of the nuclei and mitochondria of MCF7 breast cancer cells identified 985 proteins (40% of all detected proteins) present in both organelles. Numerous proteins from all five complexes involved in oxidative phosphorylation (e.g., NDUFA5, NDUFB10, NDUFS1, NDUF2, SDHA, UQRB, UQRC2, UQCRH, COX5A, COX5B, MT-CO2, ATP5A1, ATP5B, ATP5H, etc.), from the TCA-cycle (DLST, IDH2, IDH3A, OGDH, SUCLAG2, etc.), and from glycolysis (ALDOA, ENO1, FBP1, GPI, PGK1, TALDO1, etc.) were distributed to both the nucleus and mitochondria. In contrast, proteins involved in nuclear/mitochondrial RNA processing/translation and Ras/Rab signaling showed different partitioning patterns. The identity of the OxPhos, TCA-cycle, and glycolysis proteins distributed to both the nucleus and mitochondria provides evidence for spatio-functional integration of these processes over the two different subcellular organelles. We suggest that there are unrecognized aspects of functional coordination between the nucleus and mitochondria, that integration of core functional processes via wide subcellular distribution of constituent proteins is a common characteristic of cells, and that subcellular spatial integration of function may be a vital aspect of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal T. Qattan
- Proteomics and Molecular Cell Dynamics, Division of Medicine, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University College London, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill Street NW3 2PF, United Kingdom
| | - Marko Radulovic
- Proteomics and Molecular Cell Dynamics, Division of Medicine, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University College London, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill Street NW3 2PF, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Crawford
- Proteomics and Molecular Cell Dynamics, Division of Medicine, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University College London, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill Street NW3 2PF, United Kingdom
| | - Jasminka Godovac-Zimmermann
- Proteomics and Molecular Cell Dynamics, Division of Medicine, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University College London, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill Street NW3 2PF, United Kingdom
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Slastnikova TA, Koumarianou E, Rosenkranz AA, Vaidyanathan G, Lupanova TN, Sobolev AS, Zalutsky MR. Modular nanotransporters: a versatile approach for enhancing nuclear delivery and cytotoxicity of Auger electron-emitting 125I. EJNMMI Res 2012; 2:59. [PMID: 23107475 PMCID: PMC3511205 DOI: 10.1186/2191-219x-2-59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2012] [Accepted: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study evaluates the potential utility of a modular nanotransporter (MNT) for enhancing the nuclear delivery and cytotoxicity of the Auger electron emitter 125I in cancer cells that overexpress the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Methods MNTs are recombinant multifunctional polypeptides that we have developed for achieving selective delivery of short-range therapeutics into cancer cells. MNTs contain functional modules for receptor binding, internalization, endosomal escape and nuclear translocation, thereby facilitating the transport of drugs from the cell surface to the nucleus. The MNT described herein utilized EGF as the targeting ligand and was labeled with 125I using N-succinimidyl-4-guanidinomethyl-3-[125I]iodobenzoate (SGMIB). Membrane binding, intracellular and nuclear accumulation kinetics, and clonogenic survival assays were performed using the EGFR-expressing A431 epidermoid carcinoma and D247 MG glioma cell lines. Results [125I]SGMIB-MNT bound to A431 and D247 MG cells with an affinity comparable to that of native EGF. More than 60% of internalized [125I]SGMIB-MNT radioactivity accumulated in the cell nuclei after a 1-h incubation. The cytotoxic effectiveness of [125I]SGMIB-MNT compared with 125I-labeled bovine serum albumin control was enhanced by a factor of 60 for D247 MG cells and more than 1,000-fold for A431 cells, which express higher levels of EGFR. Conclusions MNT can be utilized to deliver 125I into the nuclei of cancer cells overexpressing EGFR, significantly enhancing cytotoxicity. Further evaluation of [125I]SGMIB-MNT as a targeted radiotherapeutic for EGFR-expressing cancer cells appears warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana A Slastnikova
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Intracellular Transport, Institute of Gene Biology, Vavilov St, 34/5, Moscow, 119334, Russia.
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Abstract
Importin α is recognized as a classical nuclear localization signal (cNLS) receptor which mediates nucleocytoplasmic transport. However, it rapidly accumulates in the nucleus in response to cellular stresses, including oxidative stress, causing a blockade of the classical nuclear import pathway. We set out to determine whether importin α performs roles in the nucleus after cellular exposure to stresses and discovered that it can act directly to modulate gene expression. With remarkable selectivity, importin α2 can access the promoter of Serine/threonine kinase 35 (STK35) and increase the levels of this transcript without requirement for importin β1. The nuclear accumulation of importin α occurred following exposure to stresses which decreased intracellular ATP levels and was followed by non-apoptotic cell death. Hence the gene regulatory function of nuclear importin α can direct cell fate. There are now several reports of nuclear-localized importin α proteins in diverse cellular states, including cancer. Here we discuss the physiological significance of this novel functional capacity of nuclear importin α relationship to a variety of cellular states and fates.
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Identification of thalidomide-specific transcriptomics and proteomics signatures during differentiation of human embryonic stem cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e44228. [PMID: 22952932 PMCID: PMC3429450 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonic development can be partially recapitulated in vitro by differentiating human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Thalidomide is a developmental toxicant in vivo and acts in a species-dependent manner. Besides its therapeutic value, thalidomide also serves as a prototypical model to study teratogenecity. Although many in vivo and in vitro platforms have demonstrated its toxicity, only a few test systems accurately reflect human physiology. We used global gene expression and proteomics profiling (two dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) coupled with Tandem Mass spectrometry) to demonstrate hESC differentiation and thalidomide embryotoxicity/teratogenecity with clinically relevant dose(s). Proteome analysis showed loss of POU5F1 regulatory proteins PKM2 and RBM14 and an over expression of proteins involved in neuronal development (such as PAK2, PAFAH1B2 and PAFAH1B3) after 14 days of differentiation. The genomic and proteomic expression pattern demonstrated differential expression of limb, heart and embryonic development related transcription factors and biological processes. Moreover, this study uncovered novel possible mechanisms, such as the inhibition of RANBP1, that participate in the nucleocytoplasmic trafficking of proteins and inhibition of glutathione transferases (GSTA1, GSTA2), that protect the cell from secondary oxidative stress. As a proof of principle, we demonstrated that a combination of transcriptomics and proteomics, along with consistent differentiation of hESCs, enabled the detection of canonical and novel teratogenic intracellular mechanisms of thalidomide.
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Drug-induced oxidative stress and toxicity. J Toxicol 2012; 2012:645460. [PMID: 22919381 PMCID: PMC3420138 DOI: 10.1155/2012/645460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 389] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Revised: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 04/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a byproduct of normal metabolism and have roles in cell signaling and homeostasis. Species include oxygen radicals and reactive nonradicals. Mechanisms exist that regulate cellular levels of ROS, as their reactive nature may otherwise cause damage to key cellular components including DNA, protein, and lipid. When the cellular antioxidant capacity is exceeded, oxidative stress can result. Pleiotropic deleterious effects of oxidative stress are observed in numerous disease states and are also implicated in a variety of drug-induced toxicities. In this paper, we examine the nature of ROS-induced damage on key cellular targets of oxidative stress. We also review evidence implicating ROS in clinically relevant, drug-related side effects including doxorubicin-induced cardiac damage, azidothymidine-induced myopathy, and cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.
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