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Varra FN, Varras M, Varra VK, Theodosis-Nobelos P. Molecular and pathophysiological relationship between obesity and chronic inflammation in the manifestation of metabolic dysfunctions and their inflammation‑mediating treatment options (Review). Mol Med Rep 2024; 29:95. [PMID: 38606791 PMCID: PMC11025031 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2024.13219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity reaches up to epidemic proportions globally and increases the risk for a wide spectrum of co‑morbidities, including type‑2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular diseases, non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease, kidney diseases, respiratory disorders, sleep apnea, musculoskeletal disorders and osteoarthritis, subfertility, psychosocial problems and certain types of cancers. The underlying inflammatory mechanisms interconnecting obesity with metabolic dysfunction are not completely understood. Increased adiposity promotes pro‑inflammatory polarization of macrophages toward the M1 phenotype, in adipose tissue (AT), with subsequent increased production of pro‑inflammatory cytokines and adipokines, inducing therefore an overall, systemic, low‑grade inflammation, which contributes to metabolic syndrome (MetS), insulin resistance (IR) and T2DM. Targeting inflammatory mediators could be alternative therapies to treat obesity, but their safety and efficacy remains to be studied further and confirmed in future clinical trials. The present review highlights the molecular and pathophysiological mechanisms by which the chronic low‑grade inflammation in AT and the production of reactive oxygen species lead to MetS, IR and T2DM. In addition, focus is given on the role of anti‑inflammatory agents, in the resolution of chronic inflammation, through the blockade of chemotactic factors, such as monocytes chemotractant protein‑1, and/or the blockade of pro‑inflammatory mediators, such as IL‑1β, TNF‑α, visfatin, and plasminogen activator inhibitor‑1, and/or the increased synthesis of adipokines, such as adiponectin and apelin, in obesity‑associated metabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fani-Niki Varra
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, Frederick University, Nicosia 1036, Cyprus
- Medical School, Dimocritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis 68100, Greece
| | - Michail Varras
- Fourth Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ‘Elena Venizelou’ General Hospital, Athens 11521, Greece
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Zheng X, Lu J, Xiang S, Zou P, Chen H, Liu J, Zeng C, He Y. Elevated serum levels of leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 are associated with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Acta Diabetol 2024; 61:643-655. [PMID: 38383671 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-024-02242-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Inflammation is central to the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 (LECT2) is constitutively secreted in response to inflammatory stimuli and oxidative stress contributing to tissue or systemic inflammation. We explored the relationship between LECT2 levels and MetS severity in humans and mice. METHODS Serum LECT2 levels were measured in 210 participants with MetS and 114 without MetS (non-MetS). LECT2 expression in the liver and adipose tissue was also examined in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and genetically obese (ob/ob) mice. RESULTS Serum LECT2 levels were significantly higher in MetS participants than in non-MetS participants (7.47[3.36-17.14] vs. 3.74[2.61-5.82], P < 0.001). Particularly, serum LECT2 levels were significantly elevated in participants with hypertension, central obesity, diabetes mellitus (DM), hyperglycaemia, elevated triglyceride (TG) levels, and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels compared to those in participants without these conditions. Pearson's correlation analysis showed that serum LECT2 levels were positively associated with conventional risk factors in all patients. Moreover, LECT2 was positively associated with the number of MetS components (r = 0.355, P < 0.001), indicating that higher serum LECT2 levels reflected MetS severity. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that a one standard deviation increase in LECT2 was associated with an odds ratio of 1.52 (1.01-2.29, P = 0.044) for MetS prevalence after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, waist circumference, smoking status, white blood cell count, fasting blood glucose, TG, total cholesterol, HDL-C, blood urea nitrogen, and alanine aminotransferase. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis confirmed the strong predictive ability of serum LECT2 levels for MetS. The optimum serum LECT2 cut-off value was 9.05. The area under the curve was 0.73 (95% confidence interval 0.68-0.78, P < 0.001), with a sensitivity and specificity of 45.71% and 95.61%, respectively. Additionally, LECT2 expression levels were higher at baseline and dramatically enhanced in metabolic organs (e.g. the liver) and adipose tissue in HFD-induced obese mice and ob/ob mice. CONCLUSIONS Increased LECT2 levels were significantly and independently associated with the presence and severity of MetS, indicating that LECT2 could be used as a novel biomarker and clinical predictor of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xialei Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Junmi Lu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Shaojun Xiang
- Department of Cardiology, Hong Jiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huaihua, 418200, Hunan, China
| | - Pu Zou
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, 421200, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Cheng Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yuhu He
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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Raab H, Hauser ER, Kwee LC, Shah SH, Kraus WE, Ward-Caviness CK. Associations among NMR-measured inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers and accelerated aging in cardiac catheterization patients. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:6652-6672. [PMID: 38656877 PMCID: PMC11087135 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Research into aging has grown substantially with the creation of molecular biomarkers of biological age that can be used to determine age acceleration. Concurrently, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) assessment of biomarkers of inflammation and metabolism provides researchers with new ways to examine intermediate risk factors for chronic disease. We used data from a cardiac catheterization cohort to examine associations between biomarkers of cardiometabolic health and accelerated aging assessed using both gene expression (Transcriptomic Age) and DNA methylation (Hannum Age, GrimAge, Horvath Age, and Phenotypic Age). Linear regression models were used to associate accelerated aging with each outcome (cardiometabolic health biomarkers) while adjusting for chronological age, sex, race, and neighborhood socioeconomic status. Our study shows a robust association between GlycA and GrimAge (5.71, 95% CI = 4.36, 7.05, P = 7.94 × 10-16), Hannum Age (1.81, 95% CI = 0.65, 2.98, P = 2.30 × 10-3), and Phenotypic Age (2.88, 95% CI = 1.91, 3.87, P = 1.21 × 10-8). We also saw inverse associations between apolipoprotein A-1 and aging biomarkers. These associations provide insight into the relationship between aging and cardiometabolic health that may be informative for vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Raab
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Elizabeth R. Hauser
- Duke University Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Lydia Coulter Kwee
- Duke University Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Svati H. Shah
- Duke University Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - William E. Kraus
- Duke University Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Cavin K. Ward-Caviness
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
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Abdisa KB, Szerdahelyi E, Molnár MA, Friedrich L, Lakner Z, Koris A, Toth A, Nath A. Metabolic Syndrome and Biotherapeutic Activity of Dairy (Cow and Buffalo) Milk Proteins and Peptides: Fast Food-Induced Obesity Perspective-A Narrative Review. Biomolecules 2024; 14:478. [PMID: 38672494 PMCID: PMC11048494 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is defined by the outcome of interconnected metabolic factors that directly increase the prevalence of obesity and other metabolic diseases. Currently, obesity is considered one of the most relevant topics of discussion because an epidemic heave of the incidence of obesity in both developing and underdeveloped countries has been reached. According to the World Obesity Atlas 2023 report, 38% of the world population are presently either obese or overweight. One of the causes of obesity is an imbalance of energy intake and energy expenditure, where nutritional imbalance due to consumption of high-calorie fast foods play a pivotal role. The dynamic interactions among different risk factors of obesity are highly complex; however, the underpinnings of hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia for obesity incidence are recognized. Fast foods, primarily composed of soluble carbohydrates, non-nutritive artificial sweeteners, saturated fats, and complexes of macronutrients (protein-carbohydrate, starch-lipid, starch-lipid-protein) provide high metabolic calories. Several experimental studies have pointed out that dairy proteins and peptides may modulate the activities of risk factors of obesity. To justify the results precisely, peptides from dairy milk proteins were synthesized under in vitro conditions and their contributions to biomarkers of obesity were assessed. Comprehensive information about the impact of proteins and peptides from dairy milks on fast food-induced obesity is presented in this narrative review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenbon Beyene Abdisa
- Department of Food Process Engineering, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Ménesi út 44, HU-1118 Budapest, Hungary; (K.B.A.)
| | - Emőke Szerdahelyi
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Somlói út 14-16, HU-1118 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Máté András Molnár
- Department of Food Process Engineering, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Ménesi út 44, HU-1118 Budapest, Hungary; (K.B.A.)
| | - László Friedrich
- Department of Refrigeration and Livestock Product Technology, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Ménesi út 43-45, HU-1118 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Lakner
- Department of Agricultural Business and Economics, Institute of Agricultural and Food Economics, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Villányi út 29-43, HU-1118 Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Koris
- Department of Food Process Engineering, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Ménesi út 44, HU-1118 Budapest, Hungary; (K.B.A.)
| | - Attila Toth
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Móricz Zsigmond út 22, HU-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Arijit Nath
- Department of Food Process Engineering, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Ménesi út 44, HU-1118 Budapest, Hungary; (K.B.A.)
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Tikhonova IV, Dyukina AR, Grinevich AA, Shaykhutdinova ER, Safronova VG. Changed regulation of granulocyte NADPH oxidase activity in the mouse model of obesity-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 216:33-45. [PMID: 38479632 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
NADPH oxidase is a target of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which causes dysregulation of enzyme. Alterations in regulation of NADPH oxidase activity mediated receptor and non-receptor signaling in bone marrow granulocytes of mice with obesity-induced T2DM were studied. The animals fed high fat diet (516 kcal/100 g) for 16 weeks. NADPH oxidase-related generation of reactive species (RS) at normo- and hyperthermia was estimated using chemiluminescent analysis. The redox status of the cells was assessed by Redox Sensor Red CC-1. Baseline biochemical indicators in blood (glucose, cholesterol, HDL and LDL levels) were significant higher in T2DM mice versus controls. Using specific inhibitors, signaling mediated by formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) to NADPH oxidase was shown to involve PLC, PKC, cytochrome p450 in both control and T2DM groups and PLA2 in controls. In T2DM regulation of NADPH oxidase activity via mFpr1, a high-affinity receptors, occurred with a significant increase of the role of PKC isoforms and suppression of PLA2 participation. Significant differences between this regulation via mFpr2, low-affinity receptors, were not found. Non-receptor activation of NADPH oxidase with ionomycin (Ca2+ ionophore) or phorbol ester (direct activator of PKC isoforms) did not revealed differences in the kinetic parameters between groups at 37 °C and 40 °C. When these agents were used together (synergistic effect), lower sensitivity of cells to ionophore was observed in T2DM at both temperatures. Redox status in responses to opsonized zymosan was higher in T2DM mice at 37 °C and similar to control levels at 40 °C. ROC-analysis identified Tmax, RS production and effect of opsonized zymosan as the most significant predictors for discriminating between groups. It was concluded that Ca2+-dependent/PKC-mediated regulation of NADPH oxidase activity was altered in BM granulocytes from diabetic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V Tikhonova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya st., 3, Pushchino, 142290, Russia.
| | - Alsu R Dyukina
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya st., 3, Pushchino, 142290, Russia
| | - Andrei A Grinevich
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya st., 3, Pushchino, 142290, Russia
| | - Elvira R Shaykhutdinova
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect Nauki, 6, Pushchino, 142290, Russia
| | - Valentina G Safronova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya st., 3, Pushchino, 142290, Russia
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Lv Y, Li K, Wang S, Wang X, Yue G, Zhang Y, Lv X, Zhao P, Wang S, Zhang Q, Li Q, Zhu J, Li J, Peng P, Li Y, Luo J, Zhang X, Yang J, Zhang B, Wang X, Zhang M, Shen C, Wang X, Wang M, Ye Z, Cui Y. Protective role of arachidonic acid against diabetic myocardial ischemic injury: a translational study of pigs, rats, and humans. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:58. [PMID: 38336692 PMCID: PMC10858581 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02123-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM Patients with diabetes mellitus have poor prognosis after myocardial ischemic injury. However, the mechanism is unclear and there are no related therapies. We aimed to identify regulators of diabetic myocardial ischemic injury. METHODS AND RESULTS Mass spectrometry-based, non-targeted metabolomic approach was used to profile coronary sinus blood from diabetic and non-diabetic Bama-mini pigs at 0.5-h post coronary artery ligation. Six metabolites had a |log2 (Fold Change)|> 1.3. Among them, the most changed is arachidonic acid (AA), levels of which were 32 times lower in diabetic pigs than in non-diabetic pigs. The AA-derived products, PGI2 and 6-keto-PGF1α, were also significantly reduced. AA treatment of cultured cardiomyocytes protected against cell death by 30% at 48 h of high glucose and oxygen deprivation, which coincided with increased mitophagic activity (as indicated by increased LC3II/LC3I, decreased p62 and increased parkin & PINK1), improved mitochondrial renewal (upregulation of Drp1 and FIS1), reduced ROS generation and increased ATP production. These cardioprotective effects were abolished by PINK1(a crucial mitophagy protein) knockdown or the autophagy inhibitor 3-Methyladenine. The protective effect of AA was also inhibited by indomethacin and Cay10441, a prostacyclin receptor antagonist. Furthermore, diabetic Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to coronary ligation for 40 min and AA treatment (10 mg/day per animal gavaged) decreased myocardial infarct size, cell apoptosis index, inflammatory cytokines and improved heart function. Scanning electron microscopy showed more intact mitochondria in the border zone of infarcted myocardium in AA treated rats. Lastly, diabetic patients after myocardial infarction had lower plasma levels of AA and 6-keto-PGF1α and reduced cardiac ejection fraction, compared with non-diabetic patients after myocardial infarction. Plasma AA level was inversely correlated with fasting blood glucose. CONCLUSIONS AA protects against diabetic ischemic myocardial damage by promoting mitochondrial autophagy and renewal, which is related to AA derived PGI2 signaling. AA may represent a new strategy to treat diabetic myocardial ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhui Lv
- Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Beijing Key Laboratory of Pre-Clinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Beijing Key Laboratory of Pre-Clinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Xiaokang Wang
- Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Beijing Key Laboratory of Pre-Clinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Guangxin Yue
- Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Beijing Key Laboratory of Pre-Clinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy & Cardiology & Endocrinology & General Surgery, Suqian First Hospital, 120 Suzhi Road, Sucheng District, Suqian, 223800, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Lv
- Department of Pharmacy & Cardiology & Endocrinology & General Surgery, Suqian First Hospital, 120 Suzhi Road, Sucheng District, Suqian, 223800, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy & Cardiology & Endocrinology & General Surgery, Suqian First Hospital, 120 Suzhi Road, Sucheng District, Suqian, 223800, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shiping Wang
- Department of Pharmacy & Cardiology & Endocrinology & General Surgery, Suqian First Hospital, 120 Suzhi Road, Sucheng District, Suqian, 223800, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Beijing Key Laboratory of Pre-Clinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Qiuju Li
- Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Beijing Key Laboratory of Pre-Clinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Jinyan Zhu
- Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Beijing Key Laboratory of Pre-Clinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Jubo Li
- Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Beijing Key Laboratory of Pre-Clinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Peng Peng
- Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Beijing Key Laboratory of Pre-Clinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Yue Li
- Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Beijing Key Laboratory of Pre-Clinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Jiafei Luo
- Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Beijing Key Laboratory of Pre-Clinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Beijing Key Laboratory of Pre-Clinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Jianzhong Yang
- Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Beijing Key Laboratory of Pre-Clinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Baojie Zhang
- Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Beijing Key Laboratory of Pre-Clinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Xuemin Wang
- Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Beijing Key Laboratory of Pre-Clinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Beijing Key Laboratory of Pre-Clinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Chen Shen
- Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Beijing Key Laboratory of Pre-Clinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Beijing Key Laboratory of Pre-Clinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China.
| | - Miao Wang
- Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Beijing Key Laboratory of Pre-Clinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China.
| | - Zhen Ye
- Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Beijing Key Laboratory of Pre-Clinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China.
- Department of Pharmacy & Cardiology & Endocrinology & General Surgery, Suqian First Hospital, 120 Suzhi Road, Sucheng District, Suqian, 223800, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yongchun Cui
- Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Beijing Key Laboratory of Pre-Clinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China.
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Shakya S, Silva SG, McConnell ES, McLaughlin SJ, Cary MP. Structural determinants and cardiometabolic typologies related to frailty in community-dwelling older adults. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 117:105171. [PMID: 37688920 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Frailty is a geriatric syndrome linked to adverse outcomes. Co-occurring cardiometabolic factors increase frailty risk; however, their distinct combinations (typologies) associated with frailty are unclear. We aimed to identify subgroups of older adults with distinct cardiometabolic typologies and characterize their relationship with structural determinants and frailty to inform tailored approaches to prevent and delay frailty. This study was cross-sectional design and included 7984 community-dwelling older adults (65+ years) enrolled in the Health and Retirement Study (2006 and 2008). Latent class analysis was performed using seven cardiometabolic indicators (abdominal obesity, obesity, low high-density lipoprotein; and elevated blood pressure, blood sugar, total cholesterol, C-reactive protein). Frailty was indicated by ≥3 features (weakness, slowness, fatigue, low physical activity, unintentional weight loss). Logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between structural determinants (gender, race/ethnicity, and education), cardiometabolic typologies, and frailty. Three cardiometabolic subgroups were identified: insulin-resistant (n = 3547), hypertensive dyslipidemia (n = 1246), and hypertensive (n = 3191). Insulin-resistant subgroup members were more likely to be female, non-Hispanic Black, and college non-graduates; hypertensive dyslipidemia subgroup members were more likely to be non-Hispanic Others and report high school education; and hypertensive subgroup members were more likely to be male and college educated (p≤.05). Frailty risk was higher for females, Hispanic or Non-Hispanic Black older adults, and those with lower education (p≤.001). Frailty risk was greater in the insulin-resistant compared to the other subgroups (both aOR=2.0, both p<.001). Findings highlight a need to design tailored interventions targeting cardiometabolic typologies to prevent and delay frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamatree Shakya
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.
| | - Susan G Silva
- School of Nursing, Duke University, 307 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Eleanor S McConnell
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Durham, NC, United States
| | - Sara J McLaughlin
- Department of Sociology and Gerontology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
| | - Michael P Cary
- School of Nursing, Duke University, 307 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710, United States
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8
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Wang Y, Han D, Huang Y, Dai Y, Wang Y, Liu M, Wang N, Yin T, Du W, He K, Zheng Y. Oral administration of punicalagin attenuates imiquimod-induced psoriasis by reducing ROS generation and inflammation via MAPK/ERK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Phytother Res 2024; 38:713-726. [PMID: 38009260 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis, an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory skin disease, imposes a huge mental and physical burden on patients and severely affects their quality of life. Punicalagin (PU), the most abundant ellagitannin in pomegranates, has become a research hotspot owing to its diverse biological activities. However, its effects on psoriasis remain unclear. We explored the impact and molecular mechanism of PU on M5-stimulated keratinocyte cell lines and imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation in BABL/c mice using western blotting, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescent. Administration of PU-enriched pomegranate extract at dosages of 150 and 250 mg/kg/day markedly attenuated psoriatic severity, abrogated splenomegaly, and reduced IMQ-induced abnormal epidermal proliferation, CD4+ T-cell infiltration, and inflammatory factor expression. Moreover, PU could decrease expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, IL-17A, IL-22, IL-23A, and reactive oxygen species (ROS), followed by keratinocyte proliferation inhibition in the M5-stimulated cell line model of inflammation through inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinases/extracellular regulated protein kinases (MAPK/ERK) and nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) signaling pathways. Our results indicate that PU may serve as a promising nutritional intervention for psoriasis by ameliorating cellular oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dan Han
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yingjian Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yilin Dai
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tingyi Yin
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenqian Du
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ke He
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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9
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Nikouei M, Cheraghi M, Ghaempanah F, Kohneposhi P, Saniee N, Hemmatpour S, Moradi Y. The association between bilirubin levels, and the incidence of metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Clin Diabetes Endocrinol 2024; 10:1. [PMID: 38195551 PMCID: PMC10777508 DOI: 10.1186/s40842-023-00159-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this meta-analysis was to investigate the association between plasma bilirubin levels and the incidence of metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus across all populations. METHODS Several databases were searched, including PubMed (Medline), Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase (Elsevier), to identify relevant cohort studies. All cohort studies that reported the risk ratio along with a 95% confidence interval were included. The association between bilirubin levels and metabolic syndrome or diabetes was reported as a pooled RR with a 95% CI in the forest plot. All analyses were conducted using STATA version 17, with a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS Out of the 10 studies included in the analysis, four investigated the effect of hyperbilirubinemia on the incidence of type 2 diabetes. When these four studies were combined, the pooled RR was 0.78 (95% CI: 0.73, 0.83; I2: 88.61%; P heterogeneity < 0.001), indicating a significant association between hyperbilirubinemia and decreased risk of type 2 diabetes. Five of the 10 studies evaluated the effect of hyperbilirubinemia on the incidence of metabolic syndrome, and the pooled RR was 0.70 (95% CI: 0.67, 0.73; I2: 78.13%; P heterogeneity < 0.001), indicating a significant association between hyperbilirubinemia and decreased risk of metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that elevated levels of bilirubin may have a significant protective effect against the development of diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maziar Nikouei
- Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Nadia Saniee
- Department of Public Health, Asadabad School of Medical Sciences, Asadabad, Iran
| | - Sirous Hemmatpour
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Besat Hospital, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
| | - Yousef Moradi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
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10
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Abbassi R, Pontes MC, Dhibi S, Duarte Filho LAMS, Othmani S, Bouzenna H, Almeida JRGS, Hfaiedh N. Antioxidant properties of date seeds extract (Phoenix dactylifera L.) in alloxan induced damage in rats. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e274405. [PMID: 38126632 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.274405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The study was conducted to examine the antioxidant activity and evaluate the protective effects of the date seeds powder kentichi against alloxan-induced damage in the liver, kidney, and pancreas in diabetic's rats. Group 1: control group, that did not receive any treatment, Group 2: alloxan was injected intraperitoneally (120 mg/kg body weight) for two days (Diab), Group 3: treated only by date seeds powder added in the diet (300 g/kg) for 6 weeks (DSPK), Group 4: alloxan-diabetic rats treated with date seeds powder (300 g/kg) (DSPK + Diab). Estimations of biochemical parameters in blood were determined. TBARS, SOD, CAT, and GPx activities were determined. A histopathological study was done by immersing pieces of both organs in a fixative solution followed by paraffin hematoxylin-eosin staining. In addition, the antioxidant activities of DSPK were evaluated by DPPH radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and ABTS free radical scavenging. The results revealed that date seeds significantly decreased serum levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, urea, creatinine, T-protein, ALP, D-bili and T-bili levels. In addition, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities that had been reduced in liver, kidney, and pancreas of the treated group were restored by DSPK treatments and, therefore, the lipid peroxidation level was reduced in the liver, kidney and pancreas tissue compared to the control group. Additionally, the histological structure in these organs was restored after treatment with date seeds powder.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Abbassi
- University of Gafsa, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, Laboratory of Biotechnology and Biomonitoring of the Environment and Oasis Ecosystems - LBBEEO, Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - M C Pontes
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas de Plantas Medicinais - NEPLAME, Petrolina, PE, Brasil
| | - S Dhibi
- University of Gafsa, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, Laboratory of Biotechnology and Biomonitoring of the Environment and Oasis Ecosystems - LBBEEO, Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - L A M S Duarte Filho
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas de Plantas Medicinais - NEPLAME, Petrolina, PE, Brasil
| | - S Othmani
- University of Gafsa, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, Laboratory of Biotechnology and Biomonitoring of the Environment and Oasis Ecosystems - LBBEEO, Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - H Bouzenna
- University of Gafsa, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, Laboratory of Biotechnology and Biomonitoring of the Environment and Oasis Ecosystems - LBBEEO, Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - J R G S Almeida
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas de Plantas Medicinais - NEPLAME, Petrolina, PE, Brasil
| | - N Hfaiedh
- University of Gafsa, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, Laboratory of Biotechnology and Biomonitoring of the Environment and Oasis Ecosystems - LBBEEO, Gafsa, Tunisia
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11
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Ahamed A, Hosea R, Wu S, Kasim V. The Emerging Roles of the Metabolic Regulator G6PD in Human Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17238. [PMID: 38139067 PMCID: PMC10743588 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming, especially reprogrammed glucose metabolism, is a well-known cancer hallmark related to various characteristics of tumor cells, including proliferation, survival, metastasis, and drug resistance. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is the first and rate-limiting enzyme of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), a branch of glycolysis, that converts glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) into 6-phosphogluconolactone (6PGL). Furthermore, PPP produces ribose-5-phosphate (R5P), which provides sugar-phosphate backbones for nucleotide synthesis as well as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), an important cellular reductant. Several studies have shown enhanced G6PD expression and PPP flux in various tumor cells, as well as their correlation with tumor progression through cancer hallmark regulation, especially reprogramming cellular metabolism, sustaining proliferative signaling, resisting cell death, and activating invasion and metastasis. Inhibiting G6PD could suppress tumor cell proliferation, promote cell death, reverse chemoresistance, and inhibit metastasis, suggesting the potential of G6PD as a target for anti-tumor therapeutic strategies. Indeed, while challenges-including side effects-still remain, small-molecule G6PD inhibitors showing potential anti-tumor effect either when used alone or in combination with other anti-tumor drugs have been developed. This review provides an overview of the structural significance of G6PD, its role in and regulation of tumor development and progression, and the strategies explored in relation to G6PD-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfar Ahamed
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
- The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Rendy Hosea
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
- The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Shourong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
- The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Vivi Kasim
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
- The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
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12
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Remigante A, Spinelli S, Patanè GT, Barreca D, Straface E, Gambardella L, Bozzuto G, Caruso D, Falliti G, Dossena S, Marino A, Morabito R. AAPH-induced oxidative damage reduced anion exchanger 1 (SLC4A1/AE1) activity in human red blood cells: protective effect of an anthocyanin-rich extract. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1303815. [PMID: 38111898 PMCID: PMC10725977 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1303815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: During their lifespan in the bloodstream, red blood cells (RBCs) are exposed to multiple stressors, including increased oxidative stress, which can affect their morphology and function, thereby contributing to disease. Aim: This investigation aimed to explore the cellular and molecular mechanisms related to oxidative stress underlying anion exchanger 1 activity (band 3, SLC4A1/AE1) in human RBCs. To achieve this aim, the relationship between RBC morphology and functional and metabolic activity has been explored. Moreover, the potential protective effect of an anthocyanin-enriched fraction extracted from Callistemon citrinus flowers was studied. Methods: Cellular morphology, parameters of oxidative stress, as well as the anion exchange capability of band 3 have been analyzed in RBCs treated for 1 h with 50 mM of the pro-oxidant 2,2'-azobis (2-methylpropionamide)-dihydrochloride (AAPH). Before or after the oxidative insult, subsets of cells were exposed to 0.01 μg/mL of an anthocyanin-enriched fraction for 1 h. Results: Exposure to AAPH caused oxidative stress, exhaustion of reduced glutathione, and over-activation of the endogenous antioxidant machinery, resulting in morphological alterations of RBCs, specifically the formation of acanthocytes, increased lipid peroxidation and oxidation of proteins, as well as abnormal distribution and hyper-phosphorylation of band 3. Expected, oxidative stress was also associated with a decreased band 3 ion transport activity and an increase of oxidized haemoglobin, which led to abnormal clustering of band 3. Exposure of cells to the anthocyanin-enriched fraction prior to, but not after, oxidative stress efficiently counteracted oxidative stress-related alterations. Importantly, protection of band3 function from oxidative stress could only be achieved in intact cells and not in RBC ghosts. Conclusion: These findings contribute a) to clarify oxidative stress-related physiological and biochemical alterations in human RBCs, b) propose anthocyanins as natural antioxidants to neutralize oxidative stress-related modifications, and 3) suggest that cell integrity, and therefore a cytosolic component, is required to reverse oxidative stress-related pathophysiological derangements in human mature RBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Remigante
- Department of Chemical Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Sara Spinelli
- Department of Chemical Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Tancredi Patanè
- Department of Chemical Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Davide Barreca
- Department of Chemical Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Straface
- Biomarkers Unit, Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucrezia Gambardella
- Biomarkers Unit, Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Bozzuto
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Caruso
- Complex Operational Unit of Clinical Pathology of Papardo Hospital, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Falliti
- Complex Operational Unit of Clinical Pathology of Papardo Hospital, Messina, Italy
| | - Silvia Dossena
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Angela Marino
- Department of Chemical Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Rossana Morabito
- Department of Chemical Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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13
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Pileco Cappelleti C, Santos Silva KT, Rodrigues-Conrad K, Grams KC, Kottwitz da Silva I, Frielink AP, da Rocha Abdallah S, de Fátima Colet C, Woutheres Bortolotto J, Bonfanti-Azzolin G, Migliorini Parisi M. Cytotoxic and oxidative changes in individuals occupationally exposed to recyclable municipal solid waste. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2023; 86:898-908. [PMID: 37691320 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2023.2256782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
aste collectors are exposed to a wide variety of bacteria, endotoxins, fungi, allergens, particulate matter, irritating inhalants, and vehicle exhaust, making them more prone to development of chronic diseases. Although several studies described the impact of occupational exposure on the overall health of waste collectors, few investigations were conducted regarding cellular and molecular changes that may occur due to exposure. The aim of this study was to assess biomarkers of oxidative stress such as levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipoperoxidation, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), apoptosis, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activity and mitochondrial function (MitoTrackerTM Green FM and MitoTrackerTM Red) using the peripheral blood from individuals occupationally exposed to recyclable solid waste in Southern Brazil. The study included 30 waste collectors and 30 control individuals, who did not perform activities with recognized exposure to biological and chemical substances. Waste collectors were found to exhibit in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) higher rates of apoptosis, increased production of ROS, and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), associated with decreased total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and elevated activity of BChE in plasma. Therefore, evidence indicates that cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses may be involved in the multiplicity of adverse health outcomes related to contaminant exposure in waste collectors. It is thus necessary to implement and/or improve occupational health programs aimed at workers as well as mandatory inspections for the use of personal protective equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Pileco Cappelleti
- Group of Integral Attention to Health, Center for Health and Rural Sciences, University of Cruz Alta, Cruz Alta, Brazil
| | - Karen Taiane Santos Silva
- Group of Integral Attention to Health, Center for Health and Rural Sciences, University of Cruz Alta, Cruz Alta, Brazil
| | - Kelly Rodrigues-Conrad
- Group of Integral Attention to Health, Center for Health and Rural Sciences, University of Cruz Alta, Cruz Alta, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Integral Attention to Health (PPGAIS), Unicruz, Unijuí, Uri Erechim, Cruz Alta, Brazil
| | - Kendra Caroline Grams
- Group of Integral Attention to Health, Center for Health and Rural Sciences, University of Cruz Alta, Cruz Alta, Brazil
| | - Isadora Kottwitz da Silva
- Group of Integral Attention to Health, Center for Health and Rural Sciences, University of Cruz Alta, Cruz Alta, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Frielink
- Group of Integral Attention to Health, Center for Health and Rural Sciences, University of Cruz Alta, Cruz Alta, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Integral Attention to Health (PPGAIS), Unicruz, Unijuí, Uri Erechim, Cruz Alta, Brazil
| | - Suelen da Rocha Abdallah
- Group of Integral Attention to Health, Center for Health and Rural Sciences, University of Cruz Alta, Cruz Alta, Brazil
| | - Christiane de Fátima Colet
- Postgraduate Program in Integral Attention to Health (PPGAIS), Unicruz, Unijuí, Uri Erechim, Cruz Alta, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Environmental and Sustainability Systems, Regional University of the Northwest of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Ijuí, Brazil
| | - Josiane Woutheres Bortolotto
- Group of Integral Attention to Health, Center for Health and Rural Sciences, University of Cruz Alta, Cruz Alta, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Integral Attention to Health (PPGAIS), Unicruz, Unijuí, Uri Erechim, Cruz Alta, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Bonfanti-Azzolin
- Group of Integral Attention to Health, Center for Health and Rural Sciences, University of Cruz Alta, Cruz Alta, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Integral Attention to Health (PPGAIS), Unicruz, Unijuí, Uri Erechim, Cruz Alta, Brazil
| | - Mariana Migliorini Parisi
- Group of Integral Attention to Health, Center for Health and Rural Sciences, University of Cruz Alta, Cruz Alta, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Integral Attention to Health (PPGAIS), Unicruz, Unijuí, Uri Erechim, Cruz Alta, Brazil
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14
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Gavia-García G, Rosado-Pérez J, Arista-Ugalde TL, Aguiñiga-Sánchez I, Santiago-Osorio E, Mendoza-Núñez VM. The consumption of Sechium edule (chayote) has antioxidant effect and prevents telomere attrition in older adults with metabolic syndrome. Redox Rep 2023; 28:2207323. [PMID: 37140004 PMCID: PMC10165935 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2023.2207323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of the consumption of Sechium edule (1.5 g/day) for six months on oxidative stress (OxS) and inflammation markers and its association with telomere length (TL) in older adults with metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS The study was conducted in a sample of 48 older adults: placebo (EP) and experimental (EG) groups. Lipoperoxides, protein carbonylation, 8-OHdG, total oxidant status (TOS), SOD, GPx, H2O2 inhibition, total antioxidant status (TAS), inflammatory cytokines (IL6, IL10, TNF-α), and TL were measured before and six months post-treatment. RESULTS We found a significant decrease in the levels of lipoperoxides, protein carbonylation, 8-OHdG, TOS in the EG in comparison PG. Likewise, a significante increase of TAS, IL-6, and IL-10 levels was found at six months post-treatment in EG in comparison with PG. TL showed a statistically significant decrease in PG compared to post-treatment EG. CONCLUSIONS Our findigns showed that the supplementation of Sechium edule has antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects, and diminushion of shortening of telomeric DNA in older adults with MetS. This would be the first study that shows that the intervention with Sechium edule has a possible geroprotective effect by preventing telomeres from shortening as usually happens in these patients. Therefore, suggesting a protection of telomeric DNA and genomic DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graciela Gavia-García
- Research Unit on Gerontology, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juana Rosado-Pérez
- Research Unit on Gerontology, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Itzen Aguiñiga-Sánchez
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Edelmiro Santiago-Osorio
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
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15
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Bakac ER, Percin E, Gunes-Bayir A, Dadak A. A Narrative Review: The Effect and Importance of Carotenoids on Aging and Aging-Related Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15199. [PMID: 37894880 PMCID: PMC10607816 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is generally defined as a time-dependent functional decline that affects most living organisms. The positive increase in life expectancy has brought along aging-related diseases. Oxidative stress caused by the imbalance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants can be given as one of the causes of aging. At the same time, the increase in oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) is main reason for the increase in aging-related diseases such as cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, liver, skin, and eye diseases and diabetes. Carotenoids, a natural compound, can be used to change the course of aging and aging-related diseases, thanks to their highly effective oxygen-quenching and ROS-scavenging properties. Therefore, in this narrative review, conducted using the PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases and complying with the Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles (SANRA) guidelines, the effects of carotenoids on aging and aging-related diseases were analyzed. Carotenoids are fat-soluble, highly unsaturated pigments that occur naturally in plants, fungi, algae, and photosynthetic bacteria. A large number of works have been conducted on carotenoids in relation to aging and aging-related diseases. Animal and human studies have found that carotenoids can significantly reduce obesity and fatty liver, lower blood sugar, and improve liver fibrosis in cirrhosis, as well as reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and erythema formation, while also lowering glycated hemoglobin and fasting plasma glucose levels. Carotenoid supplementation may be effective in preventing and delaying aging and aging-related diseases, preventing and treating eye fatigue and dry eye disease, and improving macular function. These pigments can be used to stop, delay, or treat aging-related diseases due to their powerful antioxidant, restorative, anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging properties. As an increasingly aging population emerges globally, this review could provide an important prospective contribution to public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Rabia Bakac
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bezmialem Vakif University, 34065 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ece Percin
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bezmialem Vakif University, 34065 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayse Gunes-Bayir
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bezmialem Vakif University, 34065 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Agnes Dadak
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria;
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16
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Kotb E, El Mancy IM, Mohamed IGR, Ayoub HSA, Rashed ASM, El-Nasser WS, Hamed HI, Aladl HA, Sabrh M, Eliwa A, Ghamry EM, Elmonier R, Abd El Fattah MOA, El Sheref SEDM, Mahmoud TM. Relation between erythropoietin resistance and metabolic syndrome in hemodialysis patients: A multicentric propensity score matched analysis. J Investig Med 2023; 71:753-759. [PMID: 37199290 DOI: 10.1177/10815589231171405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Erythropoietin (EPO) resistance is frequently reported in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a common biochemical condition that comprises central obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and hyperglycemia. The present study aimed to assess the relation between MetS and EPO resistance in HD patients. The present multicentric study included 150 patients with EPO resistance and 150 patients without EPO resistance. Short-acting EPO resistance was diagnosed if the erythropoietin resistance index is ≥1.0 IU/kg/gHb. Comparison between patients with EPO resistance and patients without resistance revealed that the former group had significantly higher body mass index, lower hemoglobin levels, lower albumin levels, higher ferritin levels, and higher high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels. In addition, patients in the EPO resistance group had significantly higher frequency of MetS (75.3% vs 38.0%, p < 0.001) and higher number of MetS components (2.7 ± 1.3 vs 1.8 ± 1.6, p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified lower albumin levels (OR (95% CI): 0.072 (0.016-0.313), p < 0.001), higher ferritin levels (OR (95% CI): 1.05 (1.033-1.066), p< 0.001), higher hsCRP levels (OR (95% CI): 1.041 (1.007-1.077), p = 0.018), and MetS (OR (95% CI): 36.68 (2.893-465.05), p = 0.005) as predictors of EPO resistance in the studied patients. The present study identified MetS as a predictor of EPO resistance in HD patients. Other predictors include serum ferritin, hsCRP, and albumin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essam Kotb
- Internal Medicine Department, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mostafa Sabrh
- Internal Medicine Department, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Eliwa
- Internal Medicine Department, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Esam M Ghamry
- Internal Medicine Department, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rady Elmonier
- Internal Medicine Department, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | | - Tamer M Mahmoud
- Internal Medicine Department, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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17
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Zhu Y, Ju Y, Wang M, Yang Y, Wu R. Association of volatile organic compounds exposure with the risk of depression in U.S. adults: a cross‑sectional study from NHANES 2013-2016. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2023; 96:1101-1111. [PMID: 37368145 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-023-01993-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are a broad class of chemicals, and previous studies showed that VOCs could increase the risk of central nervous system disorders. However, few studies have comprehensively explored their association with depression among general adults. OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore the association between blood VOCs and depression risk based on a large cross-sectional study of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). METHODS We analyzed data from 3449 American adults in the NHANES 2013-2016. Survey-weighted logistic regression model was used to explore the association of ten blood VOCs with depression. Subsequently, the relative importance of the selected VOCs was determined using the XGBoost model. The weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression model was used to explore the overall association of 10 blood VOCs with depression. Subgroup analyses were performed to identify high-risk populations. Finally, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was utilized to explore the dose-response relationship between blood VOCs and the risk of depression. RESULTS XGBoost Algorithm model identified blood 2,5-dimethylfuran was the most critical variable in depression. The logistic regression model showed that blood benzene, blood 2,5-dimethylfuran, and blood furan showed a positive correlation with depression. In subgroup analysis, we found that the effects of the above VOCs on depression existed among the female, young middle-aged, and overweight-obese population. Mixture VOCs exposure was positively associated with depression risk (OR = 2.089, 95% CI: 1.299-3.361), and 2,5-dimethylfuran had the largest weights in WQS regression. RCS displayed that blood benzene, blood 2,5-dimethylfuran, and blood furan were positively associated with depression. CONCLUSION The results of this study indicated that VOCs exposure was associated with an increased prevalence of depression in U.S. adults. Women, young and middle-aged, and overweight-obese populations are more vulnerable to VOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhu
- Hefei Ion Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230088, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinghui Ju
- Hefei Ion Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230088, People's Republic of China
| | - Menglin Wang
- Hefei Ion Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230088, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuying Yang
- Hefei Ion Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230088, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Wu
- Hefei Ion Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230088, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Gavia-García G, Hernández-Álvarez D, Arista-Ugalde TL, Aguiñiga-Sánchez I, Santiago-Osorio E, Mendoza-Núñez VM, Rosado-Pérez J. The Supplementation of Sechium edule var. nigrum spinosum (Chayote) Promotes Nrf2-Mediated Antioxidant Protection in Older Adults with Metabolic Syndrome. Nutrients 2023; 15:4106. [PMID: 37836390 PMCID: PMC10574595 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim was to determine the effect of Sechium edule var. nigrum spinosum (chayote) on gene expression related to antioxidant protection mechanisms and the inflammatory process in older adults with metabolic syndrome (MetS). A quasi-experimental study was carried out in a convenience sample of 46 older adults diagnosed with MetS: (i) placebo group (PG; n = 20); (ii) experimental group (EG; n = 26). The clinical, biochemical, anthropometric parameters and SOD, GPx, and CAT enzyme activity, alongside total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), oxidative stress index (OSI), cytokines (IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α), and mRNA expression of SOD, GPx, CAT, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, Nrf2, NFkB p50, and NFkB p65, were measured at baseline and 6 months post-intervention. A statistically significant decrease was observed in TOS (baseline, 28.9 ± 3.6 vs. post, 23.7 ± 3.4, p < 0.01) and OSI (baseline, 24.1 ± 3.8 vs. post, 17.7 ± 4), as well as an increase in IL-6 (baseline, 10.7 ± 1.1 vs. post, 12.3 ± 2, p = 0.03), SOD activity (baseline, 167.1 ± 11.9 vs. post, 180.6 ± 7.6, p < 0.05), CAT activity (baseline, 1.0 ± 0.2 vs. post, 1.3 ± 0.2, p < 0.01), and TAS (baseline, 1.1 ± 0.1 vs. post, 1.4 ± 0.1, p < 0.01) in the EG compared to the PG. Regarding the expression of Nrf2, SOD, and IL-6, the EG showed a significant increase vs. basal levels (47%, 44%, and 43%, respectively). Our findings suggest that Sechium edule supplementation promotes the antioxidant response and decreases oxidative stress via Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graciela Gavia-García
- Research Unit on Gerontology, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico; (G.G.-G.); (D.H.-Á.); (T.L.A.-U.)
| | - David Hernández-Álvarez
- Research Unit on Gerontology, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico; (G.G.-G.); (D.H.-Á.); (T.L.A.-U.)
| | - Taide Laurita Arista-Ugalde
- Research Unit on Gerontology, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico; (G.G.-G.); (D.H.-Á.); (T.L.A.-U.)
| | - Itzen Aguiñiga-Sánchez
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico; (I.A.-S.); (E.S.-O.)
| | - Edelmiro Santiago-Osorio
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico; (I.A.-S.); (E.S.-O.)
| | - Víctor Manuel Mendoza-Núñez
- Research Unit on Gerontology, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico; (G.G.-G.); (D.H.-Á.); (T.L.A.-U.)
| | - Juana Rosado-Pérez
- Research Unit on Gerontology, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico; (G.G.-G.); (D.H.-Á.); (T.L.A.-U.)
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19
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Bourebaba N, Sikora M, Qasem B, Bourebaba L, Marycz K. Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) mitigates ER stress and improves viability and insulin sensitivity in adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASC) of equine metabolic syndrome (EMS)-affected horses. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:230. [PMID: 37697311 PMCID: PMC10496240 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01254-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Equine metabolic syndrome (EMS), which encompasses insulin resistance, low-grade inflammation and predisposition to laminitis is a critical endocrine disorder among the most prevalent conditions affecting horses from different breeds. According to the most recent research, low human sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) serum levels correlate with an increased risk of obesity, insulin resistance and diabetes, and may contribute to overall metabolic dysregulations. This study aimed to test whether exogenous SHBG could protect EMS affected adipose-derived stromal stem cells (EqASCEMS) from apoptosis, oxidative stress, ER stress and thus improve insulin sensitivity. METHODS EqASCEMS wells were treated with two different concentrations (50 and 100 nM) of exogenous SHBG, whose biocompatibility was tested after 24, 48 and 72 h of incubation. Several parameters including cell viability, apoptosis, cell cycle, reactive oxygen species levels, ER stress, Pi3K/MAPK activation and insulin transducers expression were analysed. RESULTS Obtained data demonstrated that exogenous SHBG treatment significantly promoted ASCs cells proliferation, cell cycle and survival with reduced expression of p53 and p21 pro-apoptotic mediators. Furthermore, SHBG alleviated the oxidative stress caused by EMS and reduced the overaccumulation of intracellular ROS, by reducing ROS + cell percentage and regulating gene expression of endogenous antioxidant enzymes (Sod 1, Cat, GPx), SHBG treatment exhibited antioxidant activity by modulating total nitric oxide (NO) levels in EMS cells as well. SHBG treatment dampened the activation of ER stress sensors and effectors in EqASCEMS cells via the upregulation of MiR-7a-5p, the decrease in the expression levels of ATF-6, CHOP and eiF2A and the restoration of PDIA3 chaperone protein levels. As a consequence, SHBG application substantially improved insulin sensitivity through the modulation of Pi3K/Akt/Glut4 insulin signalling cascades. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the SHBG is endowed with crucial beneficial effects on ASCs metabolic activities and could serve as a valuable therapeutic target for the development of efficient EMS treatment protocols. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabila Bourebaba
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Mateusz Sikora
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Badr Qasem
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Lynda Bourebaba
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Marycz
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, 95516, USA.
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Epidemiology, Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
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Nazari-Bonab H, Jamilian P, Radkhah N, Zarezadeh M, Ebrahimi-Mameghani M. The effect of propolis supplementation in improving antioxidant status: A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. Phytother Res 2023; 37:3712-3723. [PMID: 37317592 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the effect of propolis supplementation on oxidative status, a key contributor to the etiology of many chronic diseases. A systematic search of multiple databases, including Web of Science, SCOPUS, Embase, PubMed, and Google Scholar, was conducted from inception to October 2022 to identify articles examining the effect of propolis on glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration tool. A total of nine studies were included in the final analysis, and a random-effects model was used to pool the estimated effects. Results showed that propolis supplementation significantly increased the levels of GSH (SMD = 3.16; 95% CI: 1.15, 5.18; I2 = 97.2%), GPX (SMD = 0.56; 95% CI: 0.07, 1.05; p = 0.025; I2 = 62.3%), and TAC (SMD = 3.26; 95% CI: 0.89, 5.62; I2 = 97.8%, p < 0.001). However, the effect of propolis on SOD was not significant (SMD = 0.05; 95% CI: -0.25, 0.34; I2 = 0.0%). Although the MDA concentration was not significantly decreased overall (SMD = -0.85, 95% CI: -1.70, 0.09; I2 = 93.3%), a significant decrease in MDA levels was observed at doses ≥1000 mg/day (SMD = -1.90; 95% CI: -2.97, -0.82; I2 = 86.4) and supplementation durations of less than 11 weeks (SMD = -1.56; 95% CI: -2.60, -0.51; I2 = 90.4). These results suggest that propolis is a safe supplement with a beneficial effect on GSH, GPX, and TAC levels and may be an effective adjunctive therapy for diseases where oxidative stress is a key factor in the etiology. However, further high-quality studies are necessary to make more precise and comprehensive recommendations given the limited number of studies, clinical diversity, and other limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Nazari-Bonab
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parmida Jamilian
- School of Pharmacy and Bio Engineering, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK
| | - Nima Radkhah
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Meysam Zarezadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehrangiz Ebrahimi-Mameghani
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Barale C, Melchionda E, Tempesta G, Morotti A, Russo I. Impact of Physical Exercise on Platelets: Focus on Its Effects in Metabolic Chronic Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1609. [PMID: 37627603 PMCID: PMC10451697 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic disorders are strongly linked to cardiovascular (CV) diseases, and it is unanimously accepted that regular exercise training is a key tool to improving CV risk factors, including diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity. Increased oxidative stress due to an imbalance between reactive oxygen species production and their scavenging by endogenous antioxidant capacity is the common ground among these metabolic disorders, and each of them affects platelet function. However, the correction of hyperglycemia in diabetes and lipid profile in dyslipidemia as well as the lowering of body weight in obesity all correlate with amelioration of platelet function. Habitual physical exercise triggers important mechanisms related to the exercise benefits for health improvement and protects against CV events. Platelets play an important role in many physiological and pathophysiological processes, including the development of arterial thrombosis, and physical (in)activity has been shown to interfere with platelet function. Although data reported by studies carried out on this topic show discrepancies, the current knowledge on platelet function affected by exercise mainly depends on the type of applied exercise intensity and whether acute or habitual, strenuous or moderate, thus suggesting that physical activity and exercise intensity may interfere with platelet function differently. Thus, this review is designed to cover the aspects of the relationship between physical exercise and vascular benefits, with an emphasis on the modulation of platelet function, especially in some metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Isabella Russo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences of Turin University, Regione Gonzole, 10, Orbassano, I-10043 Turin, Italy; (C.B.); (E.M.); (G.T.); (A.M.)
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22
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Sasanfar B, Emrani AS, Zademohammadi F, Forootani B, Emamgholipour S, Jambarsang S, Khayyatzadeh SS, Pourrajab F, Yasini Ardakani SA, Esmaillzadeh A, Salehi-Abarghouei A. The impact of a blend of Pistacia atlantica seed and canola oil compared with a blend of corn-canola oil with synthetic antioxidant and corn-canola oil without synthetic antioxidant on oxidative stress markers in patients with metabolic syndrome: protocol for a triple-blind, randomized, three-way cross-over clinical trial. Trials 2023; 24:473. [PMID: 37488571 PMCID: PMC10367258 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-023-07269-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is regarded as a complex metabolic disorder. Recently, the role of dietary antioxidants in the underlying pathogenesis and complications of MetS has come into focus. Pistacia atlantica oil is known as a high antioxidant oil which might improve the antioxidant status of dietary oils and also oxidative stress markers. On the other hand, tert-Butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) is an approved food-grade synthetic antioxidant that acts both as an inducer and inhibitor of carcinogenesis. The current trial will explore the possible effect of a blend of Pistacia atlantica seed-canola oils, corn-canola oils with TBHQ, and corn-canola oil without TBHQ on oxidative stress markers in patients with MetS. METHODS We will conduct a single-center, triple-blind, three-way randomized cross-over clinical trial (RCT) among 72 patients with MetS. After a 1-month run-in period, eligible participants will consume the intervention oils as their regularly consumed oils in a random order. Each intervention period will last 8 weeks separated by 4-week washout periods. Anthropometric indices, body composition, physical activity, blood pressure, and 24-h dietary food recall measurements will be assessed at the beginning and the end of each intervention period. The primary outcome will be oxidative stress markers including serum total antioxidant capacity, total oxidant status, malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, and the enzyme activity of myeloperoxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase. The secondary outcomes will be changes in MetS components including blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and anthropometric measurements. DISCUSSION Pistacia atlantica seed oil is high in antioxidants. An intervention with this oil could offer an option for oxidative stress prevention among patients with metabolic syndrome. The present clinical trial will be the first one assessing the impact of Pistacia atlantica oil on human oxidative stress markers. TRIAL REGISTRATION Iranian Registry of Clinical trials IRCT20130223012571N8 . Registered on 4 March 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Sasanfar
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezoo Sadat Emrani
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Faezeh Zademohammadi
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Bita Forootani
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Solaleh Emamgholipour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Jambarsang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Sayyed Saeid Khayyatzadeh
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Pourrajab
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6117, Iran
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Salehi-Abarghouei
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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Ma K, Hu X, Nambu K, Ueda D, Ichimaru N, Fujino M, Li XK. Coral calcium carried hydrogen ameliorates the severity of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis induced by a choline deficient high carbohydrate fat-free diet in elderly rats. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11646. [PMID: 37468618 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38856-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen has been reported to act as an antioxidant, anti-apoptosis and anti-inflammatory agent. Coral calcium carried hydrogen (G2-SUISO) is a safer and more convenient form of hydrogen agent than others. The mechanism underlying the hepatoprotective effects of G2-SUISO using an elderly non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) rat model was investigated. Two days after fasting, six-month-old elderly male F344/NSlc rats were given a choline deficient high carbohydrate fat-free (CDHCFF) diet from day 0 to day 3 as CDHCFF control group, and then switched to a normal diet from days 4 to 7 with or without 300 mg/kg G2-SUISO. Rats in each group were finally being sacrificed on day 3 or day 7. In the CDHCFF diet group, G2-SUISO decreased the liver weight-to-body weight ratio, the serum AST, ALT, total cholesterol levels, inflammatory infiltration, pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and lipid droplets with inhibiting lipogenic pathways by reducing sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c, acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthase gene expression compared with the CDHCFF diet alone. G2-SUISO had beneficial effects of anti-apoptosis as well the down-regulation of pro-apoptotic molecules including NF-κB, caspase-3, caspase-9 and Bax. These findings suggest that G2-SUISO treatment exerts a significant hepatoprotective effect against steatosis, inflammation and apoptosis in elderly NASH rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuai Ma
- Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Xin Hu
- Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | | | - Daisuke Ueda
- Division of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Masayuki Fujino
- Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
- Management Department of Biosafety, Laboratory Animal, and Pathogen Bank, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan.
| | - Xiao-Kang Li
- Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
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Clemente-Suárez VJ, Beltrán-Velasco AI, Redondo-Flórez L, Martín-Rodríguez A, Yáñez-Sepúlveda R, Tornero-Aguilera JF. Neuro-Vulnerability in Energy Metabolism Regulation: A Comprehensive Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:3106. [PMID: 37513524 PMCID: PMC10383861 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive narrative review explores the concept of neuro-vulnerability in energy metabolism regulation and its implications for metabolic disorders. The review highlights the complex interactions among the neural, hormonal, and metabolic pathways involved in the regulation of energy metabolism. The key topics discussed include the role of organs, hormones, and neural circuits in maintaining metabolic balance. The review investigates the association between neuro-vulnerability and metabolic disorders, such as obesity, insulin resistance, and eating disorders, considering genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors that influence neuro-vulnerability and subsequent metabolic dysregulation. Neuroendocrine interactions and the neural regulation of food intake and energy expenditure are examined, with a focus on the impact of neuro-vulnerability on appetite dysregulation and altered energy expenditure. The role of neuroinflammation in metabolic health and neuro-vulnerability is discussed, emphasizing the bidirectional relationship between metabolic dysregulation and neuroinflammatory processes. This review also evaluates the use of neuroimaging techniques in studying neuro-vulnerability and their potential applications in clinical settings. Furthermore, the association between neuro-vulnerability and eating disorders, as well as its contribution to obesity, is examined. Potential therapeutic interventions targeting neuro-vulnerability, including pharmacological treatments and lifestyle modifications, are reviewed. In conclusion, understanding the concept of neuro-vulnerability in energy metabolism regulation is crucial for addressing metabolic disorders. This review provides valuable insights into the underlying neurobiological mechanisms and their implications for metabolic health. Targeting neuro-vulnerability holds promise for developing innovative strategies in the prevention and treatment of metabolic disorders, ultimately improving metabolic health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Cultura, Educación y Sociedad, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
| | | | - Laura Redondo-Flórez
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda
- Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile
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25
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Dongiovanni P, Meroni M, Casati S, Goldoni R, Thomaz DV, Kehr NS, Galimberti D, Del Fabbro M, Tartaglia GM. Salivary biomarkers: novel noninvasive tools to diagnose chronic inflammation. Int J Oral Sci 2023; 15:27. [PMID: 37386003 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-023-00231-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Several chronic disorders including type 2 diabetes (T2D), obesity, heart disease and cancer are preceded by a state of chronic low-grade inflammation. Biomarkers for the early assessment of chronic disorders encompass acute phase proteins (APP), cytokines and chemokines, pro-inflammatory enzymes, lipids and oxidative stress mediators. These substances enter saliva through the blood flow and, in some cases, there is a close relation between their salivary and serum concentration. Saliva can be easily collected and stored with non-invasive and cost-saving procedures, and it is emerging the concept to use it for the detection of inflammatory biomarkers. To this purpose, the present review aims to discuss the advantages and challenges of using standard and cutting-edge techniques to discover salivary biomarkers which may be used in diagnosis/therapy of several chronic diseases with inflammatory consequences with the pursuit to possibly replace conventional paths with detectable soluble mediators in saliva. Specifically, the review describes the procedures used for saliva collection, the standard approaches for the measurement of salivary biomarkers and the novel methodological strategies such as biosensors to improve the quality of care for chronically affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Dongiovanni
- Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Marica Meroni
- Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Casati
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Goldoni
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Istituto di Elettronica e di Ingegneria dell'Informazione e delle Telecomunicazioni, CNR, Pisa, Italy
| | - Douglas Vieira Thomaz
- Laboratory of Medicinal Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Nermin Seda Kehr
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, İzmir Institute of Technology, Gülbahçe Kampüsü, Urla İzmir, Turkey
| | - Daniela Galimberti
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Neurology-Neurodegenerative Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Del Fabbro
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- UOC Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Dentistry Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluca M Tartaglia
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- UOC Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Dentistry Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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Šebeková K, Staruchová M, Mišľanová C, Líšková A, Horváthová M, Tulinská J, Lehotská Mikušová M, Szabová M, Gurecká R, Koborová I, Csongová M, Tábi T, Szökö É, Volkovová K. Association of Inflammatory and Oxidative Status Markers with Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components in 40-to-45-Year-Old Females: A Cross-Sectional Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1221. [PMID: 37371951 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and sterile inflammation play roles in the induction and maintenance of metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study cohort included 170 females aged 40 to 45 years who were categorized according to the presentation of MetS components (e.g., central obesity, insulin resistance, atherogenic dyslipidemia, and elevated systolic blood pressure) as controls not presenting a single component (n = 43), those with pre-MetS displaying one to two components (n = 70), and females manifesting MetS, e.g., ≥3 components (n = 53). We analyzed the trends of seventeen oxidative and nine inflammatory status markers across three clinical categories. A multivariate regression of selected oxidative status and inflammatory markers on the components of MetS was performed. Markers of oxidative damage (malondialdehyde and advanced-glycation-end-products-associated fluorescence of plasma) were similar across the groups. Healthy controls displayed lower uricemia and higher bilirubinemia than females with MetS; and lower leukocyte counts, concentrations of C-reactive protein, interleukine-6, and higher levels of carotenoids/lipids and soluble receptors for advanced glycation end-products than those with pre-MetS and MetS. In multivariate regression models, levels of C-reactive protein, uric acid, and interleukine-6 were consistently associated with MetS components, although the impacts of single markers differed. Our data suggest that a proinflammatory imbalance precedes the manifestation of MetS, while an imbalance of oxidative status accompanies overt MetS. Further studies are needed to elucidate whether determining markers beyond traditional ones could help improve the prognosis of subjects at an early stage of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarína Šebeková
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Medical Faculty, Comenius University in Bratislava, 83303 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marta Staruchová
- Institute of Biology, Medical Faculty, Slovak Medical University in Bratislava, 83303 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Csilla Mišľanová
- Institute of Nutrition, Faculty of Nursing and Medical Professional Studies, Slovak Medical University in Bratislava, 83303 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Aurélia Líšková
- Department of Immunology and Immunotoxicology, Slovak Medical University in Bratislava, 83303 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Mira Horváthová
- Department of Immunology and Immunotoxicology, Slovak Medical University in Bratislava, 83303 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jana Tulinská
- Department of Immunology and Immunotoxicology, Slovak Medical University in Bratislava, 83303 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Miroslava Lehotská Mikušová
- Department of Immunology and Immunotoxicology, Slovak Medical University in Bratislava, 83303 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Michaela Szabová
- Department of Immunology and Immunotoxicology, Slovak Medical University in Bratislava, 83303 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Radana Gurecká
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Medical Faculty, Comenius University in Bratislava, 83303 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Institute of Medical Physics, Biophysics, Informatics and Telemedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 83303 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ivana Koborová
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Medical Faculty, Comenius University in Bratislava, 83303 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Melinda Csongová
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Medical Faculty, Comenius University in Bratislava, 83303 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Tamás Tábi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Szökö
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katarína Volkovová
- Institute of Biology, Medical Faculty, Slovak Medical University in Bratislava, 83303 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Dwivedi PS, Rasal VP, Chavan RS, Khanal P, Gaonkar VP. Feronia elephantum reverses insulin resistance in fructose-induced hyper-insulinemic rats; an in-silico, in-vitro, and in-vivo approach. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023:116686. [PMID: 37279812 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Feronia elephantum corr. (synonym: Feronia limonia, Murraya odorata, Schinus Limonia, or Limonia acidissima; common names: Bela, Kath, Billin, and Kavitha), belonging to the family Rutaceae has been known for clinical conditions such as pruritus, diarrhea, impotence, dysentery, heart diseases, and is also used as a liver tonic. However, the effect of the fruit pulp of F. elephantum on insulin resistance has yet not been reported. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study aimed to assess the effect of hydroalcoholic extract/fraction of F. elephantum fruit pulp on fasting blood glucose, oral glucose tolerance test, and glucose uptake in fructose-induced insulin-resistant rats and predict the gene-set enrichment of lead hits of F. elephantum with targets related to insulin resistance. MATERIAL AND METHODS System biology tools were used to predict the best category of fraction and propose a possible mechanism. Docking was carried out with adiponectin and its receptor (hub gene). Further, fructose supplementation was used for the induction of insulin resistance. Later, three doses of extract (400, 200, and 100 mg/kg) and a flavonoid-rich fraction (63 mg/kg) were used for treatment along with metformin as standard. The physical parameters like body weight, food intake, and water intake were measured along with oral glucose tolerance test, insulin tolerance test, glycogen content in skeletal muscles and liver, glucose uptake by rat hemidiaphragm, lipid profiles, anti-oxidant biomarkers, and histology of the liver and adipose tissue. RESULTS Network pharmacology reflected the potency of F. elephantum to regulate adiponectin (ADIPOQ) which may promote the reversal of insulin resistance and inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Vitexin was predicted to modulate the most genes associated with diabetes mellitus. Further, F. elephantum ameliorated the exogenous glucose clearance, promoted insulin sensitivity, reduced oxidative stress, and improved glucose and lipid metabolism. HPLC profiling revealed the presence of apigenin and quercetin in the extract for the first time. CONCLUSION The fruit pulp of F. elephantum reverses insulin resistance by an increase in glucose uptake and a decrease in gluconeogenesis which may be due to the regulation of multiple proteins via multiple bio-actives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prarambh Sr Dwivedi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, KLE College of Pharmacy, Belagavi, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KAHER), Belagavi, 590010, India.
| | - V P Rasal
- Department of Pharmacology, Rani Chennamma College of Pharmacy, Belagavi, 590010, India
| | - Rajashekar S Chavan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, KLE College of Pharmacy, Belagavi, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KAHER), Belagavi, 590010, India
| | - Pukar Khanal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, KLE College of Pharmacy, Belagavi, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KAHER), Belagavi, 590010, India.
| | - Vishakha Parab Gaonkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, KLE College of Pharmacy, Belagavi, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KAHER), Belagavi, 590010, India
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Patanè GT, Putaggio S, Tellone E, Barreca D, Ficarra S, Maffei C, Calderaro A, Laganà G. Catechins and Proanthocyanidins Involvement in Metabolic Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119228. [PMID: 37298181 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies on natural antioxidant compounds have highlighted their potentiality against various pathological conditions. The present review aims to selectively evaluate the benefits of catechins and their polymeric structure on metabolic syndrome, a common disorder characterized by a cluster of three main risk factors: obesity, hypertension, and hyperglycemia. Patients with metabolic syndrome suffer chronic low inflammation state and oxidative stress both conditions effectively countered by flavanols and their polymers. The mechanism behind the activity of these molecules has been highlighted and correlated with the characteristic features present on their basic flavonoidic skelethon, as well as the efficient doses needed to perform their activity in both in vitro and in vivo studies. The amount of evidence provided in this review offers a starting point for flavanol dietary supplementation as a potential strategy to counteract several metabolic targets associated with metabolic syndrome and suggests a key role of albumin as flavanol-delivery system to the different target of action inside the organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Tancredi Patanè
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Stefano Putaggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Ester Tellone
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Davide Barreca
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Silvana Ficarra
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Carlo Maffei
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Antonella Calderaro
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Laganà
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
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Abraão A, Martins-Gomes C, Domínguez-Perles R, Barros A, Silva AM. Molecular Characterization of Prunus lusitanica L. Fruit Extracts and Their Health-Promoting Potential in Inflammation, Diabetes, and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108830. [PMID: 37240175 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Prunus lusitanica L. is a shrub belonging to the genus Prunus L. (Rosaceae family) that produces small fruits with none known application. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the phenolic profile and some health-promoting activities of hydroethanolic (HE) extracts obtained from P. lusitanica fruits, harvested from three different locations. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of extracts was performed using HPLC/DAD-ESI-MS and antioxidant activity was assessed by in vitro methods. Antiproliferative/cytotoxic activity was determined on Caco-2, HepG2, and RAW 264.7 cells, anti-inflammatory activity was assessed using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, and the antidiabetic, antiaging, and neurobiological action of extracts was determined in vitro by assessing their inhibitory effect against the activity of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, elastase, tyrosinase, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Results showed that P. lusitanica fruit HE extracts from the three different locations showed identical phytochemical profile and bioactivities, although small differences were observed regarding the quantities of some compounds. Extracts of P. lusitanica fruits contain high levels in total phenolic compounds, namely, hydroxycinnamic acids, as well as flavan-3-ols and anthocyanins, primarily cyanidin-3-(6-trans-p-coumaroyl)glucoside. P. lusitanica fruit extracts have a low cytotoxic/antiproliferative effect, with the lowest IC50 value obtained in HepG2 cells (352.6 ± 10.0 μg/mL, at 48 h exposure), but high anti-inflammatory activity (50-60% NO release inhibition, at 100 μg/mL extract) and neuroprotective potential (35-39% AChE inhibition, at 1 mg/mL), and moderate antiaging (9-15% tyrosinase inhibition, at 1 mg/mL) and antidiabetic (9-15% α-glucosidase inhibition, at 1 mg/mL) effects. The bioactive molecules present in the fruits of P. lusitanica deserve to be further explored for the development of new drugs of interest to the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Abraão
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Carlos Martins-Gomes
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Raúl Domínguez-Perles
- Phytochemistry and Healthy Foods Lab (LabFAS), Department of Food Science and Technology (CEBAS-CSIC), University Campus of Espinardo, Edif. 25, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana Barros
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Amélia M Silva
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Biology and Environment (DeBA-ECVA), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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30
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Kose T, Sharp PA, Latunde-Dada GO. Phenolic Acids Rescue Iron-Induced Damage in Murine Pancreatic Cells and Tissues. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104084. [PMID: 37241825 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron is an essential element involved in a variety of physiological functions. However, excess iron catalyzes the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via the Fenton reaction. Oxidative stress, caused by an increase in intracellular ROS production, can be a contributory factor to metabolic syndromes such as dyslipidemia, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Accordingly, interest has grown recently in the role and use of natural antioxidants to prevent iron-induced oxidative damage. This study investigated the protective effect of the phenolic acids; ferulic acid (FA) and its metabolite ferulic acid 4-O-sulfate disodium salt (FAS) against excess iron-related oxidative stress in murine MIN6 cells and the pancreas of BALB/c mice. Rapid iron overload was induced with 50 μmol/L ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) and 20 μmol/L 8-hydroxyquinoline (8HQ) in MIN6 cells, while iron dextran (ID) was used to facilitate iron overload in mice. Cell viability was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, ROS levels were determined by dihydrodichlorofluorescein (H2DCF) cell-permeant probe, iron levels were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), glutathione, SOD (superoxide dismutase) and lipid peroxidation, and mRNA were assayed with commercially available kits. The phenolic acids enhanced cell viability in iron-overloaded MIN6 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, MIN6 cells exposed to iron showed elevated levels of ROS, glutathione (GSH) depletion and lipid peroxidation (p < 0.05) compared to cells that were protected by treatment with FA or FAS. The treatment of BALB/c mice with FA or FAS following exposure to ID increased the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) gene levels in the pancreas. Consequently, levels of its downstream antioxidant genes, HO-1, NQO1, GCLC and GPX4, increased in the pancreas. In conclusion, this study shows that FA and FAS protect pancreatic cells and liver tissue from iron-induced damage via the Nrf2 antioxidant activation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Kose
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins-Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Paul A Sharp
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins-Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Gladys O Latunde-Dada
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins-Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
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31
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Masenga SK, Kabwe LS, Chakulya M, Kirabo A. Mechanisms of Oxidative Stress in Metabolic Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:7898. [PMID: 37175603 PMCID: PMC10178199 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions associated with the risk of diabetes mellitus type 2 and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Metabolic syndrome is closely related to obesity. Increased adiposity promotes inflammation and oxidative stress, which are precursors of various complications involving metabolic syndrome components, namely insulin resistance, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. An increasing number of studies confirm the importance of oxidative stress and chronic inflammation in the etiology of metabolic syndrome. However, few studies have reviewed the mechanisms underlying the role of oxidative stress in contributing to metabolic syndrome. In this review, we highlight mechanisms by which reactive oxygen species (ROS) increase mitochondrial dysfunction, protein damage, lipid peroxidation, and impair antioxidant function in metabolic syndrome. Biomarkers of oxidative stress can be used in disease diagnosis and evaluation of severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepiso K. Masenga
- HAND Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mulungushi University, Livingstone Campus, Livingstone P.O. Box 60009, Zambia
- Department of Medicine, Room 536 Robinson Research Building, Vanderbilt University Medical Centre, Nashville, TN 37232-6602, USA
| | - Lombe S. Kabwe
- HAND Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mulungushi University, Livingstone Campus, Livingstone P.O. Box 60009, Zambia
| | - Martin Chakulya
- HAND Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mulungushi University, Livingstone Campus, Livingstone P.O. Box 60009, Zambia
| | - Annet Kirabo
- Department of Medicine, Room 536 Robinson Research Building, Vanderbilt University Medical Centre, Nashville, TN 37232-6602, USA
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32
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Darenskaya MA, Belenkaya LV, Atalyan AV, Danusevich IN, Lazareva LM, Nadelyaeva YG, Kolesnikova LI. Oxidative Stress Reactions in Women of Reproductive Age with Metabolic Syndrome. Bull Exp Biol Med 2023; 174:601-604. [PMID: 37040040 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-023-05754-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
We analyzed the levels of LPO products and antioxidant defense components in women with the metabolic syndrome. Women with the metabolic syndrome had higher values of substrates with unsaturated double bonds and final TBA-reactive substances in comparison with the control group and higher levels of unsaturated double bonds, primary and end products of LPO, and retinol in comparison with the reference group (women with less than 3 signs of metabolic syndrome). No statistically significant differences between the groups were revealed while estimating the coefficient of oxidative stress; however, there was a tendency to an increase in the median value of this parameter in the group with metabolic syndrome. Thus, the results of the study indicate the activity of LPO reactions at different stages in women of reproductive age with the metabolic syndrome, which points to the necessity to evaluate and monitor the content of these metabolites in the patients of this cohort for the purpose of prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Darenskaya
- Scientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russia.
| | - L V Belenkaya
- Scientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - A V Atalyan
- Scientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - I N Danusevich
- Scientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - L M Lazareva
- Scientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Ya G Nadelyaeva
- Scientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - L I Kolesnikova
- Scientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russia
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Li TT, Wang HY, Zhang H, Zhang PP, Zhang MC, Feng HY, Duan XY, Liu WB, Wang XW, Sun ZG. Effect of breathing exercises on oxidative stress biomarkers in humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1121036. [PMID: 37122322 PMCID: PMC10132211 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1121036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundBreathing exercises improve oxidative stress in healthy young adults and patients with diabetes, hypertension, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Furthermore, the mechanism of respiratory intervention is controversial. Therefore, in this meta-analysis, we aimed to systematically evaluate the effects of breathing exercises on oxidative stress biomarkers in humans and provide evidence for the clinical application of breathing exercises.MethodsThe Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, and WANFANG databases were searched for studies about the effects of breathing exercises on human oxidative stress levels, with no restraints regarding time, race, or language. The experimental group included various breathing exercises, and the outcome index included malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione, nitric oxide, vitamin C, or total antioxidant capacity levels from a randomized controlled trial. Data were extracted by more than two authors and reviewed by one author.ResultsTen studies were included from five countries. Data from patients with no disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, or diabetes were included. Participants who performed breathing exercises had greater changes in the included biomarkers than those who did not, suggesting that these biomarkers can be used to evaluate oxidative stress after respiratory interventions.ConclusionBreathing exercises increased SOD and GSH activities and decreased MDA content.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022337119, identifier CRD42022337119.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-ting Li
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Hong-ying Wang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Ping-ping Zhang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Ming-chen Zhang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Hai-yang Feng
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xiao-yong Duan
- Weifang People’s Hospital and Brain Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Wen-bo Liu
- School of First Clinical Medical, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Weifang People’s Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Xiao-wen Wang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Xiao-wen Wang,
| | - Zhong-guang Sun
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- *Correspondence: Zhong-guang Sun,
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34
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Deleanu M, Toma L, Sanda GM, Barbălată T, Niculescu LŞ, Sima AV, Deleanu C, Săcărescu L, Suciu A, Alexandru G, Crişan I, Popescu M, Stancu CS. Formulation of Phytosomes with Extracts of Ginger Rhizomes and Rosehips with Improved Bioavailability, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects In Vivo. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041066. [PMID: 37111552 PMCID: PMC10146199 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The poor water solubility of natural antioxidants restricts their bioavailability and therapeutic use. We aimed to develop a new phytosome formulation with active compounds from extracts of ginger (GINex) and rosehips (ROSAex) designed to increase their bioavailability, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The phytosomes (PHYTOGINROSA-PGR) were prepared from freeze-dried GINex, ROSAex and phosphatidylcholine (PC) in different mass ratios using the thin-layer hydration method. PGR was characterized for structure, size, zeta potential, and encapsulation efficiency. Results showed that PGR comprises several different populations of particles, their size increasing with ROSAex concentration, having a zeta potential of ~-21mV. The encapsulation efficiency of 6-gingerol and β-carotene was >80%. 31P NMR spectra showed that the shielding effect of the phosphorus atom in PC is proportional to the amount of ROSAex in PGR. PGR with a mass ratio GINex:ROSAex:PC-0.5:0.5:1 had the most effective antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in cultured human enterocytes. PGR-0.5:0.5:1 bioavailability and biodistribution were assessed in C57Bl/6J mice, and their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated after administration by gavage to C57Bl/6J mice prior to LPS-induced systemic inflammation. Compared to extracts, PGR induced a 2.6-fold increase in 6-gingerol levels in plasma and over 40% in the liver and kidneys, in parallel with a 65% decrease in the stomach. PGR treatment of mice with systemic inflammation increased the sera antioxidant enzymes paraoxonase-1 and superoxide dismutase-2 and decreased the proinflammatory TNFα and IL-1β levels in the liver and small intestine. No toxicity was induced by PGR either in vitro or in vivo. In conclusion, the phytosome formulation of GINex and ROSAex we developed resulted in stable complexes for oral administration with increased bioavailability, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of their active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Deleanu
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8 B.P. Haşdeu Street, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Laura Toma
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8 B.P. Haşdeu Street, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriela Maria Sanda
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8 B.P. Haşdeu Street, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Teodora Barbălată
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8 B.P. Haşdeu Street, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Loredan Ştefan Niculescu
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8 B.P. Haşdeu Street, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Volumnia Sima
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8 B.P. Haşdeu Street, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Calin Deleanu
- “Costin D. Nenitescu” Institute of Organic and Supramolecular Chemistry of the Romanian Academy, 202B Splaiul Independenței Street, 060023 Bucharest, Romania
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Romanian Academy, Aleea Grigore Ghica Voda 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Liviu Săcărescu
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Romanian Academy, Aleea Grigore Ghica Voda 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandru Suciu
- Hofigal Export Import S.A., 2 Intrarea Serelor, 042124 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Georgeta Alexandru
- Hofigal Export Import S.A., 2 Intrarea Serelor, 042124 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Iuliana Crişan
- Hofigal Export Import S.A., 2 Intrarea Serelor, 042124 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mariana Popescu
- Hofigal Export Import S.A., 2 Intrarea Serelor, 042124 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Camelia Sorina Stancu
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8 B.P. Haşdeu Street, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: (+4021)319-45-18
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Sharma V, Mehdi MM. Oxidative stress, inflammation and hormesis: The role of dietary and lifestyle modifications on aging. Neurochem Int 2023; 164:105490. [PMID: 36702401 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is primarily caused by the formation of free radicals and reactive oxygen species; it is considered as one of the prominent factors in slowing down and degrading cellular machinery of an individual, and it eventually leads to aging and age-related diseases by its continuous higher state. The relation between molecular damage and OS should be particularized to understand the beginning of destruction at the cellular levels, extending outwards to affect tissues, organs, and ultimately to the organism. Several OS biomarkers, which are established at the biomolecular level, are useful in investigating the disease susceptibility during aging. Slowing down the aging process is a matter of reducing the rate of oxidative damage to the cellular machinery over time. The breakdown of homeostasis, the mild overcompensation, the reestablishment of homeostasis, and the adaptive nature of the process are the essential features of hormesis, which incorporates several factors, including calorie restriction, nutrition and lifestyle modifications that play an important role in reducing the OS. In the current review, along with the concept and theories of aging (with emphasis on free radical theory), various manifestations of OS with special attention on mitochondrial dysfunction and age-related diseases have been discussed. To alleviate the OS, hormetic approaches including caloric restriction, exercise, and nutrition have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinita Sharma
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, 144401, India
| | - Mohammad Murtaza Mehdi
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, 144401, India.
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Suárez-Cuenca JA, Domínguez-Pérez GA, Hernández-Muñóz RE, Hernández-Patricio A, Vera-Gómez E, Gutiérrez-Buendía JA, Salamanca-García M, Montoya-Ramírez J, Gaytán-Fuentes OF, Aranda-Rodríguez C, Rojas-Noverón AR, García S, Mondragón-Terán P. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Severity Is Related to Plasma Pro-Oxidative Biomarkers Rather Than Liver Tissue-Measured Nitrogen Metabolism Biomarkers in Population with Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2023; 21:115-121. [PMID: 36787445 DOI: 10.1089/met.2022.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The metabolic syndrome (MS) is associated with an increased production of nitrogen metabolites and elevated oxidative stress, which favors progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Subjects with the phenotype known as metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) meet most of the MS cardiometabolic risk criteria and show a higher risk of advanced NAFLD severity, compared with the so-widely known metabolically healthy obese (MHO). Obese individuals with MS are more susceptible to abnormal lipid accumulation in different tissues, whereas oxidative stress and nitrogen metabolites are increased in MS and/or obesity. This study aimed to explore whether plasma- or liver tissue-determined biomarkers of nitrogen metabolism and oxidative stress relate to NAFLD severity and/or metabolic phenotype. Methods: This cross-sectional study included candidates for bariatric surgery with biopsy-proven NAFLD diagnosis and staging. For comparison, the study population was divided according to NAFLD damage (steatohepatitis F0-F1 vs. steatohepatitis F2-F4) and metabolic phenotype (MHO vs MUO, based on the MS criteria). Hepatic and plasma concentrations of nitrogen metabolites and oxidative stress biomarkers were determined by enzymatic kinetics assays, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Greiss reaction. Results: The study population (N = 45) was constituted by patients with obesity and higher prevalence of dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. According to plasma biomarkers, MUO phenotype was related to higher cardiometabolic risk; meanwhile, advanced NAFLD damage was related to higher glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and triglycerides. Elevated hepatic concentrations of ammonium, nitrites, arginine, and citrulline were found in MUO phenotype, but only higher plasma concentration of malondialdehyde was found as specifically related to advanced NAFLD damage. Conclusions: Circulating biomarkers of redox state were selectively related to advanced NAFLD damage, suggesting prognostic and therapeutic targets. Hepatic concentrations of nitrogen metabolism biomarkers may be more related to cardiometabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Antonio Suárez-Cuenca
- Laboratory of Experimental Metabolism and Clinical Research, Centro Médico Nacional, "20 de Noviembre" ISSSTE, Mexico City, Mexico.,División de Investigación, Department of Clinical Research, Centro Médico Nacional "20 de Noviembre" ISSSTE, Mexico City, Mexico.,Hospital General de Zona No. 32 "Dr. Mario Madrazo Navarro," IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriela A Domínguez-Pérez
- Laboratory of Experimental Metabolism and Clinical Research, Centro Médico Nacional, "20 de Noviembre" ISSSTE, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rolando E Hernández-Muñóz
- Cellular and Developmental Biology Department, Institute of Cellular Phyosiology, UNAM, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Hernández-Patricio
- Laboratory of Experimental Metabolism and Clinical Research, Centro Médico Nacional, "20 de Noviembre" ISSSTE, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Vera-Gómez
- Laboratory of Experimental Metabolism and Clinical Research, Centro Médico Nacional, "20 de Noviembre" ISSSTE, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan A Gutiérrez-Buendía
- Laboratory of Experimental Metabolism and Clinical Research, Centro Médico Nacional, "20 de Noviembre" ISSSTE, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Moisés Salamanca-García
- Department of Pathology, Centro Médico Nacional "20 de Noviembre" ISSSTE, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jesús Montoya-Ramírez
- Department of Bariatric Surgery, Centro Médico Nacional "20 de Noviembre," ISSSTE, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Omar F Gaytán-Fuentes
- Department of Bariatric Surgery, Centro Médico Nacional "20 de Noviembre," ISSSTE, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carolina Aranda-Rodríguez
- Laboratory of Experimental Metabolism and Clinical Research, Centro Médico Nacional, "20 de Noviembre" ISSSTE, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Amy R Rojas-Noverón
- Laboratory of Experimental Metabolism and Clinical Research, Centro Médico Nacional, "20 de Noviembre" ISSSTE, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Silvia García
- División de Investigación, Department of Clinical Research, Centro Médico Nacional "20 de Noviembre" ISSSTE, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Paul Mondragón-Terán
- Research Coordination, Centro Médico Nacional "20 de Noviembre," ISSSTE, Mexico City, Mexico
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Nutrients, Physical Activity, and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Setting of Metabolic Syndrome. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051217. [PMID: 36904216 PMCID: PMC10004804 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic risk factors for diabetes, coronary heart disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and some tumors. It includes insulin resistance, visceral adiposity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. MetS is primarily linked to lipotoxicity, with ectopic fat deposition from fat storage exhaustion, more than obesity per se. Excessive intake of long-chain saturated fatty acid and sugar closely relates to lipotoxicity and MetS through several pathways, including toll-like receptor 4 activation, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma regulation (PPARγ), sphingolipids remodeling, and protein kinase C activation. These mechanisms prompt mitochondrial dysfunction, which plays a key role in disrupting the metabolism of fatty acids and proteins and in developing insulin resistance. By contrast, the intake of monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, and medium-chain saturated (low-dose) fatty acids, as well as plant-based proteins and whey protein, favors an improvement in sphingolipid composition and metabolic profile. Along with dietary modification, regular exercises including aerobic, resistance, or combined training can target sphingolipid metabolism and improve mitochondrial function and MetS components. This review aimed to summarize the main dietary and biochemical aspects related to the physiopathology of MetS and its implications for mitochondrial machinery while discussing the potential role of diet and exercise in counteracting this complex clustering of metabolic dysfunctions.
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Effects of Microalgae on Metabolic Syndrome. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020449. [PMID: 36830009 PMCID: PMC9952430 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic disturbances, including abdominal obesity, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and hyperglycemia. Adopting a healthier lifestyle and multiple drug-based therapies are current ways to manage MetS, but they have limited efficacy, albeit the prevalence of MetS is rising. Microalgae is a part of the human diet and has also been consumed as a health supplement to improve insulin sensitivity, inflammation, and several components of MetS. These therapeutic effects of microalgae are attributed to the bioactive compounds present in them that exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, antihypertensive, hepatoprotective and immunomodulatory effects. Therefore, studies investigating the potential of microalgae in alleviating MetS are becoming more popular, but a review on this topic remains scarce. In this review, we discuss the effects of microalgae, specifically on MetS, by reviewing the evidence from scientific literature covering in vitro and in vivo studies. In addition, we also discuss the underlying mechanisms that modulate the effects of microalgae on MetS, and the limitations and future perspectives of developing microalgae as a health supplement for MetS. Microalgae supplementation is becoming a viable approach in alleviating metabolic disturbances and as a unique addition to the management of MetS.
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Chemical Profile and Hematoprotective Activity of Artisanal Jabuticaba (Plinia jabuticaba) Wine and Derived Extracts. FERMENTATION 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9020157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The alcoholic fermentation of jabuticaba berries (Plinia spp.) originates from a beverage with an intense taste and aroma, popularly known as jabuticaba wine (JW). In addition, polyphenols transferred from fruit peels to the final product turn this beverage into a promising source of bioactive agents. Here, the chemical profile and antioxidant potential of artisanal JW and derivative extracts were determined. Volatile organic compounds were determined by HS-SPME/GC-MS analysis. The wine was dried by lyophilization and subjected to liquid-liquid partitioning (water: ethyl acetate), resulting in three fractions (JWF1-3). ABTS•+ and DPPH•+ scavenging assays were performed to evaluate the antioxidant capacity. In addition, the extracts’ hematoprotective activity was evaluated against oxidative stress. Finally, the extracts were analyzed by LC-HRMS/MS. HS-SPME/GC-MS analysis highlighted 1,8-cineole as the main compound that contributes to the camphor/mint flavor. JWF2 and JWF3 displayed the highest antioxidant capacity. JWF2 stood out for preventing oxidative damage in red blood cells at 7.8 µg·mL−1 The maximal protection of ascorbic acid occurred at 8.8 µg·mL−1. The LC-HRMS/MS analysis allowed the annotation of seventeen compounds, most of them with recognized antioxidant activity such as anthocyanins, catechins, flavanols, and phenolic acids. The results presented herein reinforce JW as a pleasant beverage with bioactive potential.
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Palacio TLN, Siqueira JS, de Paula BH, Rego RMP, Vieira TA, Baron G, Altomare A, Ferron AJT, Aldini G, Kano HT, Correa CR. Bergamot ( Citrus bergamia) leaf extract improves metabolic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity in skeletal muscles in a metabolic syndrome experimental model. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2023; 74:64-71. [PMID: 36519349 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2022.2154328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), inflammation and oxidative stress contribute to impairment of skeletal muscle function. Bergamot (Citrus bergamia) leaf extract (BLE) has shown protective effects against comorbidities associated with MetS through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The aim of this work was to elucidate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of BLE in skeletal muscles in an experimental model of MetS. Once metabolic syndrome was diagnosed, animals were divided into groups receiving different treatments for 10 weeks, including control diet (n = 10), control + BLE (n = 10), High Sugar-fat diet (HSF) (n = 10), HSF + BLE (n = 10). Evaluation included nutritional, metabolic and hormonal analyses, along with measurements of inflammatory status and oxidative stress in soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles. BLE showed positive metabolic effects, with a reduction of plasma triglycerides and insulin resistance and an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and protective activity against oxidative stress and inflammation in Soleus and EDL muscles in animals with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Giovanna Baron
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Artur Junio Togneri Ferron
- Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil.,Department of Physical Education, Integrated Colleges of Bauru (FIB), Bauru, Brazil
| | - Giancarlo Aldini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Hugo Tadashi Kano
- Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
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The Influence of Probiotic Supplementation on the Severity of Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms; Function and Composition of Gut Microbiota; and Metabolic, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients with Depression-A Study Protocol. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13020182. [PMID: 36837799 PMCID: PMC9966580 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This article aims to present the theoretical basis, methodology, and design of a clinical trial we will conduct. The study will be prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, and double-blind. Each intervention period will last 8 weeks and the trial will be conducted on 100 patients in total, who will be randomly divided into two groups consisting of 50 patients each. We plan to investigate the impact of Lactobacillus helveticus Rosell and Bifidobacterium longum Rosell on the depressive, anxiety, and stress levels in patients with depressive disorders with possible comorbid anxiety. In addition to assessing the influence of probiotics on the clinical condition, we also plan to study the clinical and biochemical parameters of metabolic syndrome, which often coexists with depression. Both depressive and metabolic issues may have part of their etiopathology in common, e.g., inflammation, oxidative stress, and dysbiosis. This is why we will additionally investigate the parameters related to gut microbiota, inflammatory, and oxidative statuses. Thus, the primary endpoint of the study will be the change in depression score measured with the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale. The secondary endpoints will include changes in anxiety and stress levels, as well as metabolic, inflammation, and oxidative stress parameters.
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Oxidative Stress Modulation by ncRNAs and Their Emerging Role as Therapeutic Targets in Atherosclerosis and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020262. [PMID: 36829822 PMCID: PMC9952114 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are pathologies related to ectopic fat accumulation, both of which are continuously increasing in prevalence. These threats are prompting researchers to develop effective therapies for their clinical management. One of the common pathophysiological alterations that underlies both diseases is oxidative stress (OxS), which appears as a result of lipid deposition in affected tissues. However, the molecular mechanisms that lead to OxS generation are different in each disease. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are RNA transcripts that do not encode proteins and function by regulating gene expression. In recent years, the involvement of ncRNAs in OxS modulation has become more recognized. This review summarizes the most recent advances regarding ncRNA-mediated regulation of OxS in atherosclerosis and NAFLD. In both diseases, ncRNAs can exert pro-oxidant or antioxidant functions by regulating gene targets and even other ncRNAs, positioning them as potential therapeutic targets. Interestingly, both diseases have common altered ncRNAs, suggesting that the same molecule can be targeted simultaneously when both diseases coexist. Finally, since some ncRNAs have already been used as therapeutic agents, their roles as potential drugs for the clinical management of atherosclerosis and NAFLD are analyzed.
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Makinde E, Ma L, Mellick GD, Feng Y. Mitochondrial Modulators: The Defender. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020226. [PMID: 36830595 PMCID: PMC9953029 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are widely considered the "power hub" of the cell because of their pivotal roles in energy metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation. However, beyond the production of ATP, which is the major source of chemical energy supply in eukaryotes, mitochondria are also central to calcium homeostasis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) balance, and cell apoptosis. The mitochondria also perform crucial multifaceted roles in biosynthetic pathways, serving as an important source of building blocks for the biosynthesis of fatty acid, cholesterol, amino acid, glucose, and heme. Since mitochondria play multiple vital roles in the cell, it is not surprising that disruption of mitochondrial function has been linked to a myriad of diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and metabolic disorders. In this review, we discuss the key physiological and pathological functions of mitochondria and present bioactive compounds with protective effects on the mitochondria and their mechanisms of action. We highlight promising compounds and existing difficulties limiting the therapeutic use of these compounds and potential solutions. We also provide insights and perspectives into future research windows on mitochondrial modulators.
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Cardiovascular complications in a diabetes prediction model using machine learning: a systematic review. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:13. [PMID: 36658644 PMCID: PMC9854013 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-01741-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Prediction model has been the focus of studies since the last century in the diagnosis and prognosis of various diseases. With the advancement in computational technology, machine learning (ML) has become the widely used tool to develop a prediction model. This review is to investigate the current development of prediction model for the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients using machine learning. A systematic search on Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) was conducted to look for relevant articles based on the research question. The risk of bias (ROB) for all articles were assessed based on the Prediction model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST) statement. Neural network with 76.6% precision, 88.06% sensitivity, and area under the curve (AUC) of 0.91 was found to be the most reliable algorithm in developing prediction model for cardiovascular disease among type 2 diabetes patients. The overall concern of applicability of all included studies is low. While two out of 10 studies were shown to have high ROB, another studies ROB are unknown due to the lack of information. The adherence to reporting standards was conducted based on the Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis or Diagnosis (TRIPOD) standard where the overall score is 53.75%. It is highly recommended that future model development should adhere to the PROBAST and TRIPOD assessment to reduce the risk of bias and ensure its applicability in clinical settings. Potential lipid peroxidation marker is also recommended in future cardiovascular disease prediction model to improve overall model applicability.
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Genistein Promotes Anti-Heat Stress and Antioxidant Effects via the Coordinated Regulation of IIS, HSP, MAPK, DR, and Mitochondrial Pathways in Caenorhabditis elegans. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010125. [PMID: 36670986 PMCID: PMC9855074 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To determine the anti-heat stress and antioxidant effects of genistein and the underlying mechanisms, lipofuscin, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and survival under stress were first detected in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans); then the localization and quantification of the fluorescent protein was determined by detecting the fluorescently labeled protein mutant strain; in addition, the aging-related mRNAs were detected by applying real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR in C. elegans. The results indicate that genistein substantially extended the lifespan of C. elegans under oxidative stress and heat conditions; and remarkably reduced the accumulation of lipofuscin in C. elegans under hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and 35 °C stress conditions; in addition, it reduced the generation of ROS caused by H2O2 and upregulated the expression of daf-16, ctl-1, hsf-1, hsp-16.2, sip-1, sek-1, pmk-1, and eat-2, whereas it downregulated the expression of age-1 and daf-2 in C. elegans; similarly, it upregulated the expression of daf-16, sod-3, ctl-1, hsf-1, hsp-16.2, sip-1, sek-1, pmk-1, jnk-1 skn-1, and eat-2, whereas it downregulated the expression of age-1, daf-2, gst-4, and hsp-12.6 in C. elegans at 35 °C; moreover, it increased the accumulation of HSP-16.2 and SKN-1 proteins in nematodes under 35 °C and H2O2 conditions; however, it failed to prolong the survival time in the deleted mutant MQ130 nematodes under 35 °C and H2O2 conditions. These results suggest that genistein promote anti-heat stress and antioxidant effects in C. elegans via insulin/-insulin-like growth factor signaling (IIS), heat shock protein (HSP), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), dietary restriction (DR), and mitochondrial pathways.
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Oxidative stress in metabolic diseases: current scenario and therapeutic relevance. Mol Cell Biochem 2023; 478:185-196. [PMID: 35764861 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04496-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome is a clustering condition of increased abdominal obesity in concert with hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. It confers higher risk of metabolic diseases such as diabetes and ischemic heart disease and has been observed to be associated with high morbidity and mortality. It is a progressive pathological process for diabetes-induced complications and appears to be multifactorial in origin. Several preclinical, clinical, and epidemiological reports have shown a persistent link between the metabolic syndrome and oxidative stress. There is pronounced imbalance between pro-oxidants and anti-oxidants with increased production of oxidizing molecules, depletion of anti-oxidants, and consequently accumulation of protein and lipid oxidation products in the cell in metabolic syndrome. The increased cellular pro-oxidant activity also results in altered molecular pathways, mitochondrial dysfunction, deregulation in cell cycle control, chromosomal aberrations, inflammation, and overall decreased biological activity as well as impairment of the antioxidant systems. Here, the focus of our review article will be on the formation of oxidative species, the interplay between metabolic syndrome and oxidative stress, and its potential implications in therapeutic approaches.
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Degrave V, Vega Joubert MB, Ingaramo P, Sedan D, Andrinolo D, D’Alessandro ME, Oliva ME. Effects of Full-Spectrum Cannabis Oil with a Cannabidiol:Tetrahydrocannabinol 2:1 Ratio on the Mechanisms Involved in Hepatic Steatosis and Oxidative Stress in Rats Fed a Sucrose-Rich Diet. Med Cannabis Cannabinoids 2023; 6:170-183. [PMID: 38023489 PMCID: PMC10651182 DOI: 10.1159/000534610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study aimed to analyze the effects of cannabis oil (cannabidiol:tetrahydrocannabinol [CBD:THC], 2:1 ratio) on the mechanisms involved in hepatic steatosis and oxidative stress in an experimental model of metabolic syndrome (MS) induced by a sucrose-rich diet (SRD). We hypothesized that noninvasive oral cannabis oil administration improves hepatic steatosis through a lower activity of lipogenic enzymes and an increase in carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1) enzyme activity involved in the mitochondrial oxidation of fatty acids. Furthermore, cannabis oil ameliorates liver oxidative stress through the regulation of the main regulatory factors involved, nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NrF2) and nuclear factor-kB (NF-κB) p65. For testing this hypothesize, a relevant experimental model of MS was induced by feeding rats with a SRD for 3 weeks. Methods Male Wistar rats were fed the following diets for 3 weeks: reference diet: standard commercial laboratory diet, SRD, and SRD + cannabis oil: noninvasive oral administration of 1 mg/kg body weight cannabis oil daily. The full-spectrum cannabis oil presents a total cannabinoid CBD:THC 2:1 ratio. Serum glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, uric acid, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase (AP), N-arachidonoylethanolamine or anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol endocannabinoids levels, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) levels, and non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity (ferric ion-reducing antioxidant power [FRAP]) were evaluated. In the liver tissue: histology, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease activity score (NAS), triglycerides and cholesterol content, lipogenic enzyme activities (fatty acid synthase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, malic enzyme, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase), enzyme related to mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (CPT-1), reactive oxygen species, TBARS, FRAP, glutathione, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase enzyme activities. 4-hydroxynonenal, NrF2, and NF-κB p65 levels were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Results The results showed that SRD-fed rats developed dyslipidemia, liver damage, hepatic steatosis (increase of key enzymes related to the novo fatty acid synthesis and decrease of key enzyme related to mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation), lipid peroxidation, and oxidative stress. Hepatic NrF2 expression was significantly decreased and NF-κB p65 expression was increased. Cannabis oil administration improved dyslipidemia, liver damage, hepatic steatosis, lipid peroxidation (improving enzymes involved in lipid metabolism), and oxidative stress. In the liver tissue, NrF2 expression increased, and NF-κB p65 expression was reduced. Conclusion The present study revealed new aspects of liver damage and steatosis, lipid peroxidation, and oxidative stress in dyslipidemic insulin-resistant SRD-fed rats. We demonstrated new properties and molecular mechanisms of cannabis oil (CBD:THC, 2:1 ratio) on lipotoxicity and hepatic oxidative stress in an experimental model of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Degrave
- Laboratorio de Estudio de Enfermedades Metabólicas relacionadas con la Nutrición, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Michelle Berenice Vega Joubert
- Laboratorio de Estudio de Enfermedades Metabólicas relacionadas con la Nutrición, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Paola Ingaramo
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Daniela Sedan
- Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente (CIM), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Darío Andrinolo
- Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente (CIM), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - María Eugenia D’Alessandro
- Laboratorio de Estudio de Enfermedades Metabólicas relacionadas con la Nutrición, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - María Eugenia Oliva
- Laboratorio de Estudio de Enfermedades Metabólicas relacionadas con la Nutrición, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Santa Fe, Argentina
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Bai L, Yang X, Sun Z, Luo Z, Li L, Liang X, Zhou J, Meng L, Peng Y, Qin Y. Reproductive factors and metabolic syndrome among Chinese women aged 40 years and older. J Diabetes 2023; 15:36-46. [PMID: 36526334 PMCID: PMC9870746 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between reproductive variables and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components among Chinese women aged 40 years and older. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 4453 women aged 40 years and older in Guangxi, China. The associations between women's reproductive factors and MetS were analyzed using a logistic regression model. RESULTS The prevalence of MetS was 23.9% in this population. Women with MetS were mostly older, more likely to be postmenopausal, and had higher parity. Compared to women with one prior live birth, those with three or more live births had the highest odds of having MetS (odds ratio [OR] = 1.56; 95% CI, 1.23-1.99). Similarly, compared to premenopausal women, postmenopausal participants had higher odds of having MetS (OR = 1.86; 95% CI, 1.49-2.31). No associations were observed between MetS and abortion or with age at menarche. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that multiparity and menopausal status may be associated with the development of MetS. The inconsistency seen in epidemiological research to date calls for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Bai
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
- Guangxi Key Laboratory Base of Precision Medicine in Cardio‐cerebrovascular Diseases Control and Prevention and Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Cardio‐cerebrovascular DiseasesGuangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Xi Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory Base of Precision Medicine in Cardio‐cerebrovascular Diseases Control and Prevention and Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Cardio‐cerebrovascular DiseasesGuangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Ziyi Sun
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Zuojie Luo
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Li Li
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Xinghuan Liang
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Jia Zhou
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Liheng Meng
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Yang Peng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental HealthSchool of Public Health, Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Yingfen Qin
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
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Di Majo D, Sardo P, Giglia G, Di Liberto V, Zummo FP, Zizzo MG, Caldara GF, Rappa F, Intili G, van Dijk RM, Gallo D, Ferraro G, Gambino G. Correlation of Metabolic Syndrome with Redox Homeostasis Biomarkers: Evidence from High-Fat Diet Model in Wistar Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 12:antiox12010089. [PMID: 36670955 PMCID: PMC9854509 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is an extremely complex disease. A non-balanced diet such as high-fat diet (HFD) induces metabolic dysfunction that could modify redox homeostasis. We here aimed at exploring redox homeostasis in male Wistar rats, following 8 weeks of HFD, correlating the eventual modification of selected biomarkers that could be associated with the clinical manifestations of MetS. Therefore, we selected parameters relative to both the glucose tolerance and lipid altered metabolism, but also oxidative pattern. We assessed some biomarkers of oxidative stress i.e., thiols balance, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant barriers, via the use of specific biochemical assays, individuating eventual cross correlation with parameters relative to MetS through a Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The present study shows that 8 weeks of HFD induce MetS in rats, altering glucose and lipid homeostasis and increasing visceral adipose tissue, but also impairing the physiological antioxidant responses that could not counteract the oxidative stress condition. Crucially, cross-correlation analysis suggested that the assessment of specific oxidative stress parameters reported here can provide information comparable to the more widely acquired biomarkers of Mets such as glucose tolerance. Lastly, hepatic steatosis in association with the oxidative stress condition was also highlighted by histological analysis. This research will elucidate the fundamental impact of these oxidative stress parameters on MetS induced in the HFD rat model, tracing paths for developing prevention approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danila Di Majo
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- Postgraduate School of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Sardo
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- Postgraduate School of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giglia
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- Euro Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, I.E.ME.S.T, 90139 Palermo, Italy
| | - Valentina Di Liberto
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Paolo Zummo
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Zizzo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
- ATeN (Advanced Technologies Network) Center, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Rappa
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giorgia Intili
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Daniele Gallo
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ferraro
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- Postgraduate School of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuditta Gambino
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +39-09123865843
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de Oliveira MS, Pellenz FM, de Souza BM, Crispim D. Blueberry Consumption and Changes in Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus Outcomes: A Systematic Review. Metabolites 2022; 13:metabo13010019. [PMID: 36676944 PMCID: PMC9861336 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress are key mechanisms involved in obesity and related disorders. Polyphenols from blueberry (BB) and bilberries (BiB) might protect against oxidative damage and inflammation. To summarize the effects of BiB or BB consumption in parameters related to obesity and its comorbidities, a search of the literature was performed in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library repositories to identify all studies that evaluated associations of whole BB or BiB with obesity and associated disorders. Thirty-one studies were eligible for inclusion in this review: eight clinical trials and 23 animal studies. In humans, BB consumption only consistently decreased oxidative stress and improved endothelial function. In rodents, BB or BiB consumption caused positive effects on glucose tolerance, nuclear factor-kappa B (Nf-κb) activity, oxidative stress, and triglyceride (TG) content in the liver and hepatic steatosis. The high content of anthocyanins present in BB and BiB seems to attenuate oxidative stress. The decrease in oxidative stress may have a positive impact on glucose tolerance and endothelial function. Moreover, in rodents, these berries seem to protect against hepatic steatosis, through the decreased accumulation of hepatic TGs. BB and BiB might also attenuate inflammation by decreasing Nf-κb activity and immune cell recruitment into the adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayara Souza de Oliveira
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90035-903, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
| | - Felipe Mateus Pellenz
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90035-903, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
| | - Bianca Marmontel de Souza
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Daisy Crispim
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90035-903, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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