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Wang Y, Cao Y, Chen Y, Cheng H, Liu Z, Wang M, Feng Y, Fei B, Cui K, Huang Z. YWHAG promotes colorectal cancer progression by regulating the CTTN-Wnt/β-catenin signaling axis. Med Oncol 2024; 41:100. [PMID: 38538804 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02349-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the third most prevalent cancer type globally. Nevertheless, the fundamental mechanisms driving CRC progression remain ambiguous, and the prognosis for the majority of patients diagnosed at an advanced stage is dismal. YWHA/14-3-3 proteins serve as central nodes in several signaling pathways and are closely related to tumorigenesis and progression. However, their exact roles in CRC are still poorly elucidated. In this study, we revealed that YWHAG was the most significantly upregulated member of the YWHA/14-3-3 family in CRC tissues and was associated with a poor prognosis. Subsequent phenotypic experiments showed that YWHAG promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells. Mechanistically, RNA-seq data showed that multiple signaling pathways, including Wnt and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, were potentially regulated by YWHAG. CTTN was identified as a YWHAG-associated protein, and mediated its tumor-promoting functions by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling in CRC cells. In summary, our data indicate that YWHAG facilitates the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells by modulating the CTTN-Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which offers a novel perspective for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanben Wang
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214062, Jiangsu, China
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yulin Cao
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214062, Jiangsu, China
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214062, Jiangsu, China
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Han Cheng
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214062, Jiangsu, China
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiang Liu
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214062, Jiangsu, China
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengna Wang
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214062, Jiangsu, China
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuyang Feng
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bojian Fei
- Department of Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 1000 He Feng Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kaisa Cui
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214062, Jiangsu, China
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaohui Huang
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214062, Jiangsu, China.
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.
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Lai H, Liu Y, Wu J, Cai J, Jie H, Xu Y, Deng S. Targeting cancer-related inflammation with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: Perspectives in pharmacogenomics. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1078766. [PMID: 36545311 PMCID: PMC9760816 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1078766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory processes are essential for innate immunity and contribute to carcinogenesis in various malignancies, such as colorectal cancer, esophageal cancer and lung cancer. Pharmacotherapies targeting inflammation have the potential to reduce the risk of carcinogenesis and improve therapeutic efficacy of existing anti-cancer treatment. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), comprising a variety of structurally different chemicals that can inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes and other COX-independent pathways, are originally used to treat inflammatory diseases, but their preventive and therapeutic potential for cancers have also attracted researchers' attention. Pharmacogenomic variability, including distinct genetic characteristics among different patients, can significantly affect pharmacokinetics and effectiveness of NSAIDs, which might determine the preventive or therapeutic success for cancer patients. Hence, a more comprehensive understanding in pharmacogenomic characteristics of NSAIDs and cancer-related inflammation would provide new insights into this appealing strategy. In this review, the up-to-date advances in clinical and experimental researches targeting cancer-related inflammation with NSAIDs are presented, and the potential of pharmacogenomics are discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjin Lai
- Institute of Thoracic Oncology and Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Institute of Thoracic Oncology and Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Juan Wu
- Department of Outpatient, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Cai
- West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Jie
- Institute of Thoracic Oncology and Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuyang Xu
- Institute of Thoracic Oncology and Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Yuyang Xu, ; Senyi Deng,
| | - Senyi Deng
- Institute of Thoracic Oncology and Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Yuyang Xu, ; Senyi Deng,
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Interactions between 14-3-3 Proteins and Actin Cytoskeleton and Its Regulation by microRNAs and Long Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer. ENDOCRINES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/endocrines3040057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
14-3-3s are a family of structurally similar proteins that bind to phosphoserine or phosphothreonine residues, forming the central signaling hub that coordinates or integrates various cellular functions, thereby controlling many pathways important in cancer, cell motility, cell death, cytoskeletal remodeling, neuro-degenerative disorders and many more. Their targets are present in all cellular compartments, and when they bind to proteins they alter their subcellular localization, stability, and molecular interactions with other proteins. Changes in environmental conditions that result in altered homeostasis trigger the interaction between 14-3-3 and other proteins to retrieve or rescue homeostasis. In circumstances where these regulatory proteins are dysregulated, it leads to pathological conditions. Therefore, deeper understanding is needed on how 14-3-3 proteins bind, and how these proteins are regulated or modified. This will help to detect disease in early stages or design inhibitors to block certain pathways. Recently, more research has been devoted to identifying the role of MicroRNAs, and long non-coding RNAs, which play an important role in regulating gene expression. Although there are many reviews on the role of 14-3-3 proteins in cancer, they do not provide a holistic view of the changes in the cell, which is the focus of this review. The unique feature of the review is that it not only focuses on how the 14-3-3 subunits associate and dissociate with their binding and regulatory proteins, but also includes the role of micro-RNAs and long non-coding RNAs and how they regulate 14-3-3 isoforms. The highlight of the review is that it focuses on the role of 14-3-3, actin, actin binding proteins and Rho GTPases in cancer, and how this complex is important for cell migration and invasion. Finally, the reader is provided with super-resolution high-clarity images of each subunit of the 14-3-3 protein family, further depicting their distribution in HeLa cells to illustrate their interactions in a cancer cell.
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Zang RX, Mumby MJ, Dikeakos JD. The Phosphofurin Acidic Cluster Sorting Protein 2 (PACS-2) E209K Mutation Responsible for PACS-2 Syndrome Increases Susceptibility to Apoptosis. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:34378-34388. [PMID: 36188273 PMCID: PMC9520720 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Phosphofurin acidic cluster sorting protein 2 (PACS-2) is a multifunctional cytosolic membrane trafficking protein with distinct roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Recent clinical reports have described 28 individuals possessing a de novo PACS-2 E209K mutation that present with epileptic seizures and cerebellar dysgenesis. As the PACS-2 E209K missense mutation has become a marker for neurodevelopmental disorders, we sought to characterize its biochemical properties. Accordingly, we observed that the PACS-2 E209K protein exhibited a slower turnover rate relative to PACS-2 wild type (WT) upon cycloheximide treatment in 293T cells. The longer half-life of PACS-2 E209K suggests a disruption in its proteostasis, with the potential for altered protein-protein interactions. Indeed, a regulatory protein in neurodevelopment known as 14-3-3ε was identified as having an increased association with PACS-2 E209K. Subsequently, when comparing the effect of PACS-2 WT and E209K expression on the staurosporine-induced apoptosis response, we found that PACS-2 E209K increased susceptibility to staurosporine-induced apoptosis in HCT 116 cells. Overall, our findings suggest PACS-2 E209K alters PACS-2 proteostasis and favors complex formation with 14-3-3ε, leading to increased cell death in the presence of environmental stressors.
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Xiao L, Wang N. PPAR-δ: A key nuclear receptor in vascular function and remodeling. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 169:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
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Integrative Role of 14-3-3ε in Sleep Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189748. [PMID: 34575915 PMCID: PMC8467329 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep is a crucial factor for health and survival in all animals. In this study, we found by proteomic analysis that some cancer related proteins were impacted by the circadian clock. The 14-3-3ε protein, expression of which is activated by the circadian transcription factor Clock, regulates adult sleep of Drosophila independent of circadian rhythm. Detailed analysis of the sleep regulatory mechanism shows that 14-3-3ε directly targets the Ultrabithorax (Ubx) gene to activate transcription of the pigment dispersing factor (PDF). The dopamine receptor (Dop1R1) and the octopamine receptor (Oamb), are also involved in the 14-3-3ε pathway, which in 14-3-3ε mutant flies causes increases in the dopR1 and OAMB, while downregulation of the DopR1 and Oamb can restore the sleep phenotype caused by the 14-3-3ε mutation. In conclusion, 14-3-3ε is necessary for sleep regulation in Drosophila.
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Khafaga AF, Shamma RN, Abdeen A, Barakat AM, Noreldin AE, Elzoghby AO, Sallam MA. Celecoxib repurposing in cancer therapy: molecular mechanisms and nanomedicine-based delivery technologies. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021; 16:1691-1712. [PMID: 34264123 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
While cancer remains a significant global health problem, advances in cancer biology, deep understanding of its underlaying mechanism and identification of specific molecular targets allowed the development of new therapeutic options. Drug repurposing poses several advantages as reduced cost and better safety compared with new compounds development. COX-2 inhibitors are one of the most promising drug classes for repurposing in cancer therapy. In this review, we provide an overview of the detailed mechanism and rationale of COX-2 inhibitors as anticancer agents and we highlight the most promising research efforts on nanotechnological approaches to enhance COX-2 inhibitors delivery with special focus on celecoxib as the most widely studied agent for chemoprevention or combined with chemotherapeutic and herbal drugs for combating various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa F Khafaga
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, 22758, Egypt
| | - Rehab N Shamma
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdeen
- Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh, 13736, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed E Noreldin
- Department of Histology & Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed O Elzoghby
- Cancer Nanotechnology Research Laboratory (CNRL), Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt.,Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Sallam
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt
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8
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Li X, Wang C, Wang S, Hu Y, Jin S, Liu O, Gou R, Nie X, Liu J, Lin B. YWHAE as an HE4 interacting protein can influence the malignant behaviour of ovarian cancer by regulating the PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:302. [PMID: 34107979 PMCID: PMC8190858 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01989-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Malignant tumours of the female reproductive system threaten the lives and health of women worldwide, with ovarian cancer having the highest mortality rate. Based on previous work, this study analysed the expression and role of YWHAE in ovarian epithelial tumours. Methods The interaction between YWHAE and HE4 was evaluated via immunoprecipitation, western blot analysis, and cellular immunofluorescence. Immunohistochemistry was used to address the relationship between YWHAE expression, clinicopathological parameters, and patient prognosis. Changes in cell invasion, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, migration, proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle before and after differential expression of YWHAE were also explored in ovarian cancer cell lines and via in vivo experiments. Results YWHAE was found to interact with HE4, and its expression was positively correlated with HE4 expression. Moreover, YWHAE upregulation was associated with advanced stages of ovarian cancer and poor patient prognosis. In addition, YWHAE enhanced invasion, migration, and proliferation, but inhibited the apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells. These biological effects were found to be mediated by the AKT and MAPK signalling pathways. Conclusions Altogether, this study demonstrates that YWHAE is substantially upregulated in ovarian cancer tissues, representing a risk factor for the prognosis of ovarian cancer that is positively correlated with HE4 expression. Furthermore, YWHAE and its downstream pathways may represent new therapeutic targets for ovarian cancer. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-01989-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China MedicalUniversity, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Caixia Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China MedicalUniversity, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China MedicalUniversity, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuexin Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China MedicalUniversity, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Jin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China MedicalUniversity, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Ouxuan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China MedicalUniversity, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Gou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China MedicalUniversity, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Nie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China MedicalUniversity, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Juanjuan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China MedicalUniversity, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China MedicalUniversity, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Zhao J, Xu H, Duan Z, Chen X, Ao Z, Chen Y, Ruan Y, Ni M. miR-31-5p Regulates 14-3-3 ɛ to Inhibit Prostate Cancer 22RV1 Cell Survival and Proliferation via PI3K/AKT/Bcl-2 Signaling Pathway. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:6679-6694. [PMID: 32801901 PMCID: PMC7402864 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s247780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignancies, and almost all patients with advanced PCa will develop castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) after receiving endocrine therapy. Effective treatment for patients with CRPC has not been established. Novel approaches are needed to identify therapeutic targets for CRPC. Purpose Recent research studies have found that members of the 14-3-3 family play an important role in the development and progression of PCa. Previous results have shown that 14-3-3 ɛ is significantly upregulated in several cancers. This study aimed to identify novel miRNAs that regulate 14-3-3 ɛ expression and therapeutic targets for CRPC. Methods In this study, we used computation and experimental approaches for the prediction and verification of the miRNAs targeting 14-3-3 ɛ, and investigated the potential roles of 14-3-3 ɛ in the survival and proliferation of 22RV1 cells. Results We confirm that mir-31-5p is downregulated in 22RV1 cells and acts as a tumor suppressor by regulating 14-3-3 ɛ. Ectopic expression of miR-31-5p or 14-3-3 ɛ interference significantly inhibits cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in 22RV1 cells, as well as promotes cell apoptosis via the PI3K/AKT/Bcl-2 signaling pathway. Moreover, 14-3-3 ɛ is required for the miR-31-5p-mediated upregulation of the PI3K/AKT/Bcl-2 signaling pathway. Conclusion Our findings provide information on the underlying mechanisms of miR-31-5p/14-3-3 ɛ in 22RV1 cell proliferation and apoptosis through the PI3K/AKT/Bcl-2 signaling pathway. These results suggest that miR-31-5p and 14-3-3 ɛ may potentially be utilized as novel prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for PCa treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafu Zhao
- College of Life Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Houqiang Xu
- College of Life Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Duan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Ao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinglian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Ni
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
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10
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Wagner N, Wagner KD. PPAR Beta/Delta and the Hallmarks of Cancer. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051133. [PMID: 32375405 PMCID: PMC7291220 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) belong to the nuclear hormone receptor family. Three different isoforms, PPAR alpha, PPAR beta/delta and PPAR gamma have been identified. They all form heterodimers with retinoic X receptors to activate or repress downstream target genes dependent on the presence/absence of ligands and coactivators or corepressors. PPARs differ in their tissue expression profile, ligands and specific agonists and antagonists. PPARs attract attention as potential therapeutic targets for a variety of diseases. PPAR alpha and gamma agonists are in clinical use for the treatment of dyslipidemias and diabetes. For both receptors, several clinical trials as potential therapeutic targets for cancer are ongoing. In contrast, PPAR beta/delta has been suggested as a therapeutic target for metabolic syndrome. However, potential risks in the settings of cancer are less clear. A variety of studies have investigated PPAR beta/delta expression or activation/inhibition in different cancer cell models in vitro, but the relevance for cancer growth in vivo is less well documented and controversial. In this review, we summarize critically the knowledge of PPAR beta/delta functions for the different hallmarks of cancer biological capabilities, which interplay to determine cancer growth.
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11
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Mojarrad M, Moghbeli M. Genetic and molecular biology of bladder cancer among Iranian patients. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1233. [PMID: 32253828 PMCID: PMC7284045 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bladder cancer (BC) is the sixth common cancer among Iranians. Various risk factors such as smoking, body mass index, chronic infection, age, and genetic factors are associated with BC progression. Methods It has been shown that a significant ratio of patients have tumors with muscle bladder layer invasion and poor prognosis at the time of diagnosis. Therefore, the early detection of tumors is required to reduce the mortality rate of BC cases. Since there is a wide geographical incidence variation in BC in Iran, it seems that the ethnic and genetic factors can be the main risk factors among Iranian BC patients. Results For the first time, in present review we have summarized all of the reported genes among Iranian BC patients until now which were significantly associated with tumorigenesis. Moreover, we categorized all of the reported genes based on their cell and molecular functions to clarify the genetic and molecular biology of BC among Iranian population. Conclusion This review paves the way of determination of a population‐based genetic panel markers for the early detection of BC in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Mojarrad
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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12
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Madi NM, Ibrahim RR, Alghazaly GM, Marea KE, El-Saka MH. The prospective curative role of lipoxin A 4 in induced gastric ulcer in rats: Possible involvement of mitochondrial dynamics signaling pathway. IUBMB Life 2020; 72:1379-1392. [PMID: 32107872 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study purposed to examine the prospective curative role of lipoxin A4 (LXA4 ) in induced gastric ulcer in rats and explore the possible involvement of mitochondrial dynamics signaling pathway. Forty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control, indomethacin (IND), IND + omeprazole (IND + Omez), and IND+ LXA4 groups. At the end of the experiment, the gastric pH, gastric fluid volume, total gastric acidity, ulcer index, and curative index were estimated. The gene expression of mitochondrial related protein 1 and mitofusin 2 were determined. In addition, some mitochondrial parameters include mitochondrial transmembrane potential, complex-I activity and reactive oxygen species were measured. Also, some gastric biochemical parameters, histopathological, and immunohistochemical analyses of the gastric mucosa were determined. We found that IND induced gastric ulcer, as manifested by the biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical analyses. Both Omez and LXA4 treatment for 15 days alleviated the IND-induced gastric ulcer as explored by ameliorating the biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical findings. We concluded that LXA4 mitigated the IND-induced gastric ulcer via improving the mitochondrial dynamic imbalance and mitochondrial dysfunction, in addition to its anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nermin M Madi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Rowida R Ibrahim
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Ghada M Alghazaly
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Karima E Marea
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mervat H El-Saka
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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13
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The molecular targets of diclofenac differs from ibuprofen to induce apoptosis and epithelial mesenchymal transition due to alternation on oxidative stress management p53 independently in PC3 prostate cancer cells. Prostate Int 2019; 7:156-165. [PMID: 31970141 PMCID: PMC6962753 DOI: 10.1016/j.prnil.2019.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Prostate cancer is the most common type of cancer among men. Studies showed that the regular use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs might reduce disease progression risk for prostate cancer patients with prostate cancer. We evaluated the effects of ectopic expression of p53 on the biological functions of ibuprofen and diclofenac. Materials and methods For this purpose, We investigated cell death decision pathways related to survival and aggressive cellular phenotypes such as extrinsic/intrinsic apoptosis decision, Protein Kinase B/ Forkhead box O (AKT/FoxO) axis, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and EMT (epithelial mesenchymal transition) in wild type and p53 + PC3 prostate cancer cells. Results and Conclusions Ibuprofen (1 mM) and diclofenac (250 μM) effectively induced cell cycle arrest and led to apoptosis via modulating both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. However, diclofenac was the only drug to generate ROS intermediates. Diclofenac triggered a typical EMT process with downregulated E-cadherin and upregulated N-cadherin, vimentin, and Snail in PC3 cells, regardless of p53 expression. In conclusion, although both drugs are effective on cell death mechanism, only diclofenac caused EMT because of increased ROS generation independent of p53. On the other hand, ibuprofen could inhibit metastasis via upregulating E-cadherin. The biological targets of both nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs are different to highlight their role in cell survival and death axis.
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Curry JM, Besmer DM, Erick TK, Steuerwald N, Das Roy L, Grover P, Rao S, Nath S, Ferrier JW, Reid RW, Mukherjee P. Indomethacin enhances anti-tumor efficacy of a MUC1 peptide vaccine against breast cancer in MUC1 transgenic mice. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0224309. [PMID: 31693710 PMCID: PMC6834267 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, vaccines against tumor antigens have shown potential for combating invasive cancers, including primary tumors and metastatic lesions. This is particularly pertinent for breast cancer, which is the second-leading cause of cancer-related death in women. MUC1 is a glycoprotein that is normally expressed on glandular epithelium, but is overexpressed and under-glycosylated in most human cancers, including the majority of breast cancers. This under-glycosylation exposes the MUC1 protein core on the tumor-associated form of the protein. We have previously shown that a vaccine consisting of MUC1 core peptides stimulates a tumor-specific immune response. However, this immune response is dampened by the immunosuppressive microenvironment within breast tumors. Thus, in the present study, we investigated the effectiveness of MUC1 vaccination in combination with four different drugs that inhibit different components of the COX pathway: indomethacin (COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitor), celecoxib (COX-2 inhibitor), 1-methyl tryptophan (indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase inhibitor), and AH6809 (prostaglandin E2 receptor antagonist). These treatment regimens were explored for the treatment of orthotopic MUC1-expressing breast tumors in mice transgenic for human MUC1. We found that the combination of vaccine and indomethacin resulted in a significant reduction in tumor burden. Indomethacin did not increase tumor-specific immune responses over vaccine alone, but rather appeared to reduce the proliferation and increase apoptosis of tumor cells, thus rendering them susceptible to immune cell killing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M. Curry
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United States of America
| | - Dahlia M. Besmer
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United States of America
| | - Timothy K. Erick
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United States of America
| | - Nury Steuerwald
- Molecular Biology and Genomics Laboratory, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC, United States of America
| | - Lopamudra Das Roy
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United States of America
| | - Priyanka Grover
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United States of America
| | - Shanti Rao
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United States of America
| | - Sritama Nath
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United States of America
| | - Jacob W. Ferrier
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United States of America
| | - Robert W. Reid
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United States of America
| | - Pinku Mukherjee
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United States of America
- OncoTAb, Inc., Charlotte, NC, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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15
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Yang YF, Lee YC, Wang YY, Wang CH, Hou MF, Yuan SSF. YWHAE promotes proliferation, metastasis, and chemoresistance in breast cancer cells. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2019; 35:408-416. [PMID: 31001932 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common female-specific malignancy in Taiwan and developed countries worldwide, and its incidence continues to grow. 14-3-3ε (YWHAE), which belong to 14-3-3 family, it has been reported up-regulated in breast cancer tissues. However, the clinical implication and function of YWHAE in breast cancer remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the prognostic value of the YWHAE in human breast cancer. Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze YWHAE expression in breast cancer tissues. Cell model was applied to examine the functions of YWHAE. The chemotherapeutic agents were used to evaluate the effect of YWHAE in breast cancer cell lines. YWHAE expression was associated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and poor patient survival in patients with breast cancer. YWHAE overexpression significantly increased the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of breast cancer cells. Knockdown of YWHAE expression reduced the expression of Snail and Twist in breast cancer cells. We also found that YWHAE was responsible for the resistance of breast cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents, and knockdown of YWHAE enhanced sensitivity to multiple chemotherapeutic agents in breast cancer cells. Taken together, our findings indicated that YWHAE promoted cancer progression and chemoresistance in breast cancer cells and can be a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fang Yang
- Translational Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Lee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Yun Wang
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chie-Hong Wang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Feng Hou
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,National Sun Yat-Sen University-Kaohsiung Medical University Joint Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shyng-Shiou F Yuan
- Translational Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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16
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Diallo K, Oppong AK, Lim GE. Can 14-3-3 proteins serve as therapeutic targets for the treatment of metabolic diseases? Pharmacol Res 2019; 139:199-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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17
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Chen Z, Xu Y, Qian X. Naphthalimides and analogues as antitumor agents: A review on molecular design, bioactivity and mechanism of action. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2018.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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18
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Wei W, Chen X, Lin X, Shan F, Lin S, Shen Q, Zhang L. Serum PPARγ level and PPARγ gene polymorphism as well as severity and prognosis of brain injury in patients with arteriosclotic cerebral infarction. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:4058-4062. [PMID: 30344683 PMCID: PMC6176134 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to study the serum peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) level and PPARγ gene polymorphism as well as the severity and prognosis of brain injury in patients with arteriosclotic cerebral infarction (ACI). A total of 246 ACI patients presenting at the Department of Neurology of Zengcheng District People's Hospital of Guangzhou between April 2009 and July 2015 were selected as the case group, and 382 control subjects were enrolled as the control group. The hepatic and renal functions and homocysteine (Hcy) expression levels were measured. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit was used to detect the serum PPARγ levels of the ACI patients. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method was applied to measure the PPARγ gene polymorphism. The proportions of hypertension patients, diabetes patients and smoking people in the case group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The levels of cholesterol and fasting blood glucose in the case group were elevated obviously compared with those in the control group. The levels of indexes related to the hepatic function and renal function in the case group were remarkably higher than those in the control group. The serum PPARγ levels were increased progressively at acute stage. The distribution frequencies of PPARγ genotypes CC, CT and TT in the case group were higher than those in the control group; compared with that in the control group, the proportion of C allele in the case group was raised obviously, while that of T allele was significantly decreased. The serum PPARγ level has a close correlation with the PPARγ gene polymorphism in ACI patients, and PPARγ is also remarkably related to the severity of brain injury; therefore, PPARγ has great significance in the diagnosis and treatment of cerebral infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiming Wei
- Department of Neurology, Zengcheng District People's Hospital of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511300, P.R. China
| | - Xuwen Chen
- Department of Neurology, Zengcheng District People's Hospital of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511300, P.R. China
| | - Xueying Lin
- Department of Neurology, Zengcheng District People's Hospital of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511300, P.R. China
| | - Fulan Shan
- Department of Neurology, Zengcheng District People's Hospital of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511300, P.R. China
| | - Shaopeng Lin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, P.R. China
| | - Qingyu Shen
- Department of Neurology, Zengcheng District People's Hospital of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511300, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Li Zhang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 19 Nonglinxi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China, E-mail:
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19
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Pennington KL, Chan TY, Torres MP, Andersen JL. The dynamic and stress-adaptive signaling hub of 14-3-3: emerging mechanisms of regulation and context-dependent protein-protein interactions. Oncogene 2018; 37:5587-5604. [PMID: 29915393 PMCID: PMC6193947 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0348-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
14-3-3 proteins are a family of structurally similar phospho-binding proteins that regulate essentially every major cellular function. Decades of research on 14-3-3s have revealed a remarkable network of interacting proteins that demonstrate how 14-3-3s integrate and control multiple signaling pathways. In particular, these interactions place 14-3-3 at the center of the signaling hub that governs critical processes in cancer, including apoptosis, cell cycle progression, autophagy, glucose metabolism, and cell motility. Historically, the majority of 14-3-3 interactions have been identified and studied under nutrient-replete cell culture conditions, which has revealed important nutrient driven interactions. However, this underestimates the reach of 14-3-3s. Indeed, the loss of nutrients, growth factors, or changes in other environmental conditions (e.g., genotoxic stress) will not only lead to the loss of homeostatic 14-3-3 interactions, but also trigger new interactions, many of which are likely stress adaptive. This dynamic nature of the 14-3-3 interactome is beginning to come into focus as advancements in mass spectrometry are helping to probe deeper and identify context-dependent 14-3-3 interactions-providing a window into adaptive phosphorylation-driven cellular mechanisms that orchestrate the tumor cell's response to a variety of environmental conditions including hypoxia and chemotherapy. In this review, we discuss emerging 14-3-3 regulatory mechanisms with a focus on post-translational regulation of 14-3-3 and dynamic protein-protein interactions that illustrate 14-3-3's role as a stress-adaptive signaling hub in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Pennington
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - T Y Chan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - M P Torres
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - J L Andersen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.
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20
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YAP and 14-3-3γ are involved in HS-OA-induced growth inhibition of hepatocellular carcinoma cells: A novel mechanism for hydrogen sulfide releasing oleanolic acid. Oncotarget 2018; 7:52150-52165. [PMID: 27437776 PMCID: PMC5239541 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide-releasing oleanolic acid (HS-OA) is an emerging novel class of compounds and consists of an oleanolic acid (OA) and a H2S-releasing moiety. Although it exhibits improved anti-inflammatory activity, its potency in human cancers has not been understood yet. In this study, we examined the effects of HS-OA on the growth of liver cancer cell lines and the underlying mechanisms. HS-OA inhibited the growth of all four cancer cell lines studied, with potencies of 10- to 30-fold greater than that of its counterpart (OA). HS-OA induced significant apoptosis and decreased viability, clonogenic activity and migration of Hep G2 cells. Further studies showed that HS-OA resulted in the reduction of YAP expression and its downstream targets, CTGF and CYR 61, thus promoting cell apoptosis. In addition, HS-OA caused a decrease of 14-3-3γ expression, which led to Bad translocation to the mitochondria, ΔΨm loss, cytochrome c release, caspase activation and a recovery of 14-3-3γ reversed these effects induced by HS-OA. These findings indicate that YAP and 14-3-3γ are involved in HS-OA's effects on liver cancer cells and identifying HS-OA as a potential new drug candidate for cancer therapy.
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21
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Zhang X, Zeng B, Wen C, Zheng S, Chen H, She F. YWHAE is a novel interaction partner of Helicobacter pylori CagA. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2017; 365:4587735. [DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnx231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xuefu North Road, University Town, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350122, PR China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xuefu North Road, University Town, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350122, PR China
| | - Bangwei Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xuefu North Road, University Town, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350122, PR China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xuefu North Road, University Town, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350122, PR China
- Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350001, PR China
| | - Chunyan Wen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xuefu North Road, University Town, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350122, PR China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xuefu North Road, University Town, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350122, PR China
| | - Shurong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xuefu North Road, University Town, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350122, PR China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xuefu North Road, University Town, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350122, PR China
| | - Hao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xuefu North Road, University Town, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350122, PR China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xuefu North Road, University Town, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350122, PR China
| | - Feifei She
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xuefu North Road, University Town, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350122, PR China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xuefu North Road, University Town, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350122, PR China
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22
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Gou Q, Gong X, Jin J, Shi J, Hou Y. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are potential drug targets for cancer therapy. Oncotarget 2017; 8:60704-60709. [PMID: 28948004 PMCID: PMC5601172 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear hormone receptors including PPARα, PPARδ and PPARγ, which play an important role in regulating cancer cell proliferation, survival, apoptosis, and tumor growth. Activation of PPARs by endogenous or synthetic compounds regulates tumor progression in various tissues. Although each PPAR isotype suppresses or promotes tumor development depending on the specific tissues or ligands, the mechanism is still unclear. In this review, we summarized the regulative mechanism of PPARs on cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Gou
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Wujin People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Changzhou, 212017, PR China.,Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Xin Gong
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Jianhua Jin
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Wujin People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Changzhou, 212017, PR China
| | - Juanjuan Shi
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Yongzhong Hou
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Wujin People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Changzhou, 212017, PR China.,Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
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23
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Božić B, Rogan J, Poleti D, Rančić M, Trišović N, Božić B, Ušćumlić G. Synthesis, characterization and biological activity of 2-(5-arylidene-2,4-dioxotetrahydrothiazole-3-yl)propanoic acid derivatives. ARAB J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2013.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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24
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Huang BP, Lin CS, Wang CJ, Kao SH. Upregulation of heat shock protein 70 and the differential protein expression induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha enhances migration and inhibits apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cell HepG2. Int J Med Sci 2017; 14:284-293. [PMID: 28367089 PMCID: PMC5370291 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.17861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) plays diverse roles in liver damage and hepatocarcinogenesis with its multipotent bioactivity. However, the influence of TNFα on protein expression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is incompletely understood. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the differential protein expression of HCC in response to TNFα stimulus. We observed that HepG2 cell revealed a higher resistance to TNFα-induced apoptosis as compared to the non-tumorigenic hepatocyte THLE-2. By using a label-free quantitative proteomic analysis, we found that 520 proteins were differentially expressed in the HepG2 cells exposed to TNFα, including 211 up-regulated and 309 down-regulated proteins. We further confirmed several proteins with significant expression change (TNFα/control ratio>2.0 or <0.5) by immunoblotting using specific antibodies. We also analyzed the differential expressed proteins using Gene ontology and KEGG annotations, and the results implicated that TNFα might regulate ribosome, spliceosome, antigen processing and presentation, and energy metabolism in HepG2 cells. Moreover, we demonstrated that upregulation of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) was involved in both the promoted migration and the inhibited apoptosis of HepG2 cells in response to TNFα. Collectively, these findings indicate that TNFα alters protein expression such as HSP70, which triggering specific molecular processes and signaling cascades that promote migration and inhibit apoptosis of HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bee-Piao Huang
- Department of pathology, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Shiang Lin
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Jong Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.; Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Hsuan Kao
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.; Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
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25
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Saha S, Sadhukhan P, Sil PC. Mangiferin: A xanthonoid with multipotent anti-inflammatory potential. Biofactors 2016; 42:459-474. [PMID: 27219011 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Over the last era, small molecules sourced from different plants have gained attention for their varied and long-term medicinal benefits. Their advantageous therapeutic effects in diverse pathological complications lead researchers to give an ever-increasing emphasis on them and discover their novel therapeutic potentials. Among these, the heat stable, xanthonoid group of organic molecules has gained special importance with distinctive regards to the bioactive molecule mangiferin due to its solubility in water. Mangiferin, a yellow polyphenol having C-glycosyl xanthone structure, is widely present in different edible sources like mango, and possesses numerous biological activities. Extensive research with this molecule shows its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, anticancer, antimicrobial, analgesic, and immunomodulatory properties. Thus, it provides protection against a wide range of physiological disorders. The C-glucosyl linkage and polyhydroxy groups in mangiferin's structure contribute essentially to its free radical-scavenging activity. Moreover, its ability in regulating various transcription factors like NF-κB, Nrf-2, etc. and modulating the expression of different proinflammatory signaling intermediates like tumor necrosis factor-α, COX-2, etc. contribute to its anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antidiabetic potentials. In this comprehensive article, information has been provided about the sources, chemical structure, metabolism, and different biological activities of mangiferin with special emphasis on the underlying cellular signal transduction pathways. Insights into an in-depth assessment of mangiferin's anti-inflammatory therapeutic potential have also been discussed in detail. On an overall perspective, this review aims to stage mangiferin's diversified therapeutic applications and its emerging possibility as a promising drug in future based on its anti-inflammatory property. © 2016 BioFactors, 42(5):459-474, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Saha
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Parames C Sil
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India.
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26
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Nagappan A, Venkatarame Gowda Saralamma V, Hong GE, Lee HJ, Shin SC, Kim EH, Lee WS, Kim GS. Proteomic analysis of selective cytotoxic anticancer properties of flavonoids isolated from Citrus platymamma on A549 human lung cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:3814-22. [PMID: 27573346 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrus platymamma Hort. ex Tanaka (Byungkyul in Korean) has been used in Korean folk medicine for the treatment of inflammatory disorders and cancer. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the anticancer properties of flavonoids isolated from C. platymamma (FCP) remains to be elucidated. Therefore, the present study attempted to identify the key proteins, which may be important in the anticancer effects of FCP on A549 cells using a proteomic approach. FCP showed a potent cytotoxic effect on the A549 human lung cancer cells, however, it had no effect on WI‑38 human fetal lung fibroblasts at the same concentrations. Furthermore, 15 differentially expressed protein spots (spot intensities ≥2‑fold change; P<0.05) were obtained from comparative proteome analysis of two‑dimensional gel electrophoresis maps of the control (untreated) and FCP‑treated A549 cells. Finally, eight differentially expressed proteins, one of which was upregulated and seven of which were downregulated, were successfully identified using matrix‑assisted laser desorption/ionization time‑of‑flight/time‑of‑flight tandem mass spectrometry and peptide mass fingerprinting analysis. Specifically, proteins involved in signal transduction were significantly downregulated, including annexin A1 (ANXA1) and ANXA4, whereas 14‑3‑3ε was upregulated. Cytoskeletal proteins, including cofilin‑1 (CFL1), cytokeratin 8 (KRT8) and KRT79, and molecular chaperones/heat shock proteins, including endoplasmin, were downregulated. Proteins involved in protein metabolism, namely elongation factor Ts were also downregulated. Consistent with results of the proteome analysis, the immunoblotting results showed that 14‑3‑3ε was upregulated, whereas CFL1, ANXA4 and KRT8 were downregulated in the FCP‑treated A549 cells. The majority of the proteins were involved in tumor growth, cell cycle, apoptosis, migration and signal transduction. These findings provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying FCP-induced anticancer effects on A549 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arulkumar Nagappan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences and Gyeongnam Regional Cancer Center, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660‑702, Republic of Korea
| | - Venu Venkatarame Gowda Saralamma
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 Plus Project), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660‑701, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeong Eun Hong
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 Plus Project), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660‑701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jeong Lee
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 Plus Project), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660‑701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Chul Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660‑701, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hee Kim
- Department of Nursing Science, International University of Korea, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660‑759, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Sup Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences and Gyeongnam Regional Cancer Center, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660‑702, Republic of Korea
| | - Gon Sup Kim
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 Plus Project), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660‑701, Republic of Korea
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Wang X, Hu X, Yan H, Ma Z, Deng X. Pro-inflammatory effects of a litchi protein extract in murine RAW264.7 macrophages. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2016; 3:16017. [PMID: 27195125 PMCID: PMC4855250 DOI: 10.1038/hortres.2016.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
It has been observed that the consumption of litchi often causes symptoms characterized by itching or sore throat, gum swelling, oral cavity ulcers and even fever and inflammation, which significantly impair the quality of life of a large population. Using the RAW264.7 cell line, a step-by-step strategy was used to screen for the components in litchi fruits that elicited adverse reactions. The adverse reaction fractions were identified by mass spectrometry and analyzed using the SMART program, and a sequence alignment of the homologous proteins was performed. MTT tests were used to determine the cytotoxicity of a litchi protein extract in RAW264.7 macrophages, and real-time PCR was applied to analyze the expression of inflammatory genes in the RAW264.7 cells treated with lipopolysaccharide or the litchi protein extract. The results showed that the litchi water-soluble protein extract could increase the production of the pro-inflammatory mediators IL-1β, iNOS and COX-2, and the anti-inflammatory mediator HO-1 in the RAW264.7 cell line. The 14-3-3-like proteins GF14 lambda, GF14 omega and GF14 upsilon were likely the candidate proteins that caused the adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaorong Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Huiqing Yan
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhaocheng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiuxin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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Wang J, Nie Y, Li Y, Hou Y, Zhao W, Deng J, Wang PG, Bai G. Identification of target proteins of mangiferin in mice with acute lung injury using functionalized magnetic microspheres based on click chemistry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:10013-10021. [PMID: 26488336 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b04439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Prevention of the occurrence and development of inflammation is a vital therapeutic strategy for treating acute lung injury (ALI). Increasing evidence has shown that a wealth of ingredients from natural foods and plants have potential anti-inflammatory activity. In the present study, mangiferin, a natural C-glucosyl xanthone that is primarily obtained from the peels and kernels of mango fruits and the bark of the Mangifera indica L. tree, alleviated the inflammatory responses in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI mice. Mangiferin-modified magnetic microspheres (MMs) were developed on the basis of click chemistry to capture the target proteins of mangiferin. Mass spectrometry and molecular docking identified 70 kDa heat-shock protein 5 (Hspa5) and tyrosine 3-monooxygenase (Ywhae) as mangiferin-binding proteins. Furthermore, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) indicated that mangiferin exerted its anti-inflammatory effect by binding Hspa5 and Ywhae to suppress downstream mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Thoroughly revealing the mechanism and function of mangiferin will contribute to the development and utilization of agricultural resources from M. indica L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University , Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University , Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunjuan Li
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine , Nanning, Guangxi 530001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University , Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University , Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiagang Deng
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine , Nanning, Guangxi 530001, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng George Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University , Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University , Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
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Wu YJ, Jan YJ, Ko BS, Liang SM, Liou JY. Involvement of 14-3-3 Proteins in Regulating Tumor Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2015; 7:1022-36. [PMID: 26083935 PMCID: PMC4491697 DOI: 10.3390/cancers7020822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
There are seven mammalian isoforms of the 14-3-3 protein, which regulate multiple cellular functions via interactions with phosphorylated partners. Increased expression of 14-3-3 proteins contributes to tumor progression of various malignancies. Several isoforms of 14-3-3 are overexpressed and associate with higher metastatic risks and poorer survival rates of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). 14-3-3β and 14-3-3ζ regulate HCC cell proliferation, tumor growth and chemosensitivity via modulating mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 signal pathways. Moreover, 14-3-3ε suppresses E-cadherin and induces focal adhesion kinase (FAK) expression, thereby enhancing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and HCC cell migration. 14-3-3ζ forms complexes with αB-crystallin, which induces EMT and is the cause of sorafenib resistance in HCC. Finally, a recent study has indicated that 14-3-3σ induces heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expression, which increases HCC cell migration. These results suggest that selective 14-3-3 isoforms contribute to cell proliferation, EMT and cell migration of HCC by regulating distinct targets and signal pathways. Targeting 14-3-3 proteins together with specific downstream effectors therefore has potential to be therapeutic and prognostic factors of HCC. In this article, we will overview 14-3-3’s regulation of its downstream factors and contributions to HCC EMT, cell migration and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ju Wu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan 350, Taiwan.
| | - Yee-Jee Jan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan.
| | - Bor-Sheng Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
| | - Shu-Man Liang
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan 350, Taiwan.
| | - Jun-Yang Liou
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan 350, Taiwan.
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Akrami H, Aminzadeh S, Fallahi H. Inhibitory effect of ibuprofen on tumor survival and angiogenesis in gastric cancer cell. Tumour Biol 2014; 36:3237-43. [PMID: 25542229 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2952-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous epidemiological studies have suggested effectiveness of long-term and regular use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen and aspirin, in preventing and treatment of certain cancers including prostate, colon, breast, lung, and gastric cancers. We have studied the potential anti-turmeric effect of ibuprofen in adenocarcinoma gastric cell line (AGS). The effects of ibuprofen were investigated on cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and expression of stemness marker genes using real-time RT-PCR, DNA laddering, and tube formation assays via ECM gel and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Annexin-V-FLUOS and propidium iodide (PI) were used to stain the apoptotic cells. Our findings indicate that ibuprofen at the concentrations of 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 μM is able to reduce the cancerous characteristics of the AGS cells by inducing apoptosis, inhibition of cell proliferation, and angiogenesis. Real-time RT-PCR showed that ibuprofen altered the expression of several genes including Akt, P53, PCNA, Bax, and Bcl2 in the AGS cells. In addition, reduction in CD44 and OCT3/4 transcript levels revealed that ibuprofen reduces the stemness of the AGS cells and therefore it could be used as a potential anti-tumor drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Akrami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran,
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Overexpression of nuclear apoptosis-inducing factor 1 altered the proteomic profile of human gastric cancer cell MKN45 and induced cell cycle arrest at G1/S phase. PLoS One 2014; 9:e100216. [PMID: 24926661 PMCID: PMC4057436 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear apoptosis-inducing factor 1 (NAIF1) was previously reported to induce apoptosis. Moreover, the expression of NAIF1 was significantly down-regulated in human gastric cancer tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues. However, the mechanism by which the NAIF1 gene induces apoptosis is not fully understood. Our results show that NAIF1 was minimally expressed in all the tested gastric cancer cell lines. Our data also demonstrates that NAIF1 is localized in the nuclei of cells as detected by monitoring the green fluorescence of NAIF1-GFP fusion protein using fluorescent confocal microscopy. Next, a comparative proteomic approach was used to identify the differential expression of proteins between gastric cancer cell lines MKN45/NAIF1 (−) and MKN45/NAIF1 (+). We found five proteins (proteasome 26S subunit 2, proteasome 26S subunit 13, NADH dehydrogenase Fe-S protein 1, chaperonin containing TCP1 subunit 3 and thioredoxin reductase 1) that were up-regulated and three proteins (ribonuclease inhibitor 1, 14-3-3 protein epsilon isoform and apolipoprotein A-I binding protein) that were down-regulated in the MKN45 cells overexpressing NAIF1. We also discovered that NAIF1 could induce cell cycle arrest at G1/S phase by altering the expression of cell cycle proteins cyclinD1, cdc2 and p21. The differentially expressed proteins identified here are related to various cellular programs involving cell cycle, apoptosis, and signal transduction regulation and suggest that NAIF1 may be a tumor suppressor in gastric cancer. Our research provides evidence that elucidates the role of how NAIF1 functions in gastric cancer.
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Ibuprofen enhances the anticancer activity of cisplatin in lung cancer cells by inhibiting the heat shock protein 70. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1027. [PMID: 24481441 PMCID: PMC4040650 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Hsp70 is often overexpressed in cancer cells, and the selective cellular survival advantage that it confers may contribute to the process of tumour formation. Thus, the pharmacological manipulation of Hsp70 levels in cancer cells may be an effective means of preventing the progression of tumours. We found that the downregulation of Hsp70 by ibuprofen in vitro enhances the antitumoural activity of cisplatin in lung cancer. Ibuprofen prominently suppressed the expression of Hsp70 in A549 cells derived from lung adenocarcinoma and sensitized them to cisplatin in association with an increase in the mitochondrial apoptotic cascade, whereas ibuprofen alone did not induce cell death. The cisplatin-dependent events occurring up- and downstream of mitochondrial disruption were accelerated by treatment with ibuprofen. The increase in cisplatin-induced apoptosis caused by the depletion of Hsp70 by RNA interference is evidence that the increased apoptosis by ibuprofen is mediated by its effect on Hsp70. Our observations indicate that the suppression of Hsp70 by ibuprofen mediates the sensitivity to cisplatin by enhancing apoptosis at several stages of the mitochondrial cascade. Ibuprofen, therefore, is a potential therapeutic agent that might allow lowering the doses of cisplatin and limiting the many challenge associated with its toxicity and development of drug resistance.
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Ruiz Esparza-Garrido R, Velázquez-Flores MÁ, Diegopérez-Ramírez J, López-Aguilar E, Siordia-Reyes G, Hernández-Ortiz M, Martínez-Batallar AG, Encarnación-Guevara S, Salamanca-Gómez F, Arenas-Aranda DJ. A proteomic approach of pediatric astrocytomas: MiRNAs and network insight. J Proteomics 2013; 94:162-75. [PMID: 24060999 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Pediatric astrocytomas, a leading cause of death associated with cancer, are the most common primary central nervous system tumors found in children. Most studies of these tumors focus on adults, not on children. We examined the global protein and microRNA expression pattern by 2D SDS-PAGE, mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF), and RT(2) miRNA PCR Array System. Proteomic studies revealed 49 proteins with changes on the expression. Interactome showed that vimentin, calreticulin, and 14-3-3 epsilon protein are hub proteins in these neoplasms. MicroRNA analyses demonstrated for the first time novel microRNAs involved in the astrocytoma biology. In conclusion, our results show that novel proteins and microRNAs with expression changes on pediatric astrocytoma could serve as biomarkers of tumor progression. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Astrocytomas are tumors that progress rapidly and that invade surrounding tissues. Although some drugs have been developed to treat these neoplasms, the mortality of patients is still very high. In this study, we describe for the first time, to our knowledge, some proteins and miRNAs associated with the biology of astrocytic tumors that could be postulated as possible diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers. Altogether, our results indicate that large-scale analyses allow making a fairly accurate prediction of different cellular processes altered in astrocytic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Ruiz Esparza-Garrido
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Genética Humana, Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, 06720 México, D.F., Mexico; Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, C.P. 04510 Coyoacán, D. F., Mexico
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Gurpinar E, Grizzle WE, Piazza GA. COX-Independent Mechanisms of Cancer Chemoprevention by Anti-Inflammatory Drugs. Front Oncol 2013; 3:181. [PMID: 23875171 PMCID: PMC3708159 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2013.00181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological and clinical studies suggest that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), including cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 selective inhibitors, reduce the risk of developing cancer. Experimental studies in human cancer cell lines and rodent models of carcinogenesis support these observations by providing strong evidence for the antineoplastic properties of NSAIDs. The involvement of COX-2 in tumorigenesis and its overexpression in various cancer tissues suggest that inhibition of COX-2 is responsible for the chemopreventive efficacy of these agents. However, the precise mechanisms by which NSAIDs exert their antiproliferative effects are still a matter of debate. Numerous other studies have shown that NSAIDs can act through COX-independent mechanisms. This review provides a detailed description of the major COX-independent molecular targets of NSAIDs and discusses how these targets may be involved in their anticancer effects. Toxicities resulting from COX inhibition and the suppression of prostaglandin synthesis preclude the long-term use of NSAIDs for cancer chemoprevention. Furthermore, chemopreventive efficacy is incomplete and treatment often leads to the development of resistance. Identification of alternative NSAID targets and elucidation of the biochemical processes by which they inhibit tumor growth could lead to the development of safer and more efficacious drugs for cancer chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evrim Gurpinar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL , USA
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Liu TA, Jan YJ, Ko BS, Liang SM, Chen SC, Wang J, Hsu C, Wu YM, Liou JY. 14-3-3ε overexpression contributes to epithelial-mesenchymal transition of hepatocellular carcinoma. PLoS One 2013; 8:e57968. [PMID: 23483955 PMCID: PMC3590290 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background 14-3-3ε is implicated in regulating tumor progression, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our earlier study indicated that elevated 14-3-3ε expression is significantly associated with higher risk of metastasis and lower survival rates of HCC patients. However, the molecular mechanisms of how 14-3-3ε regulates HCC tumor metastasis are still unclear. Methodology and Principal Findings In this study, we show that increased 14-3-3ε expression induces HCC cell migration and promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is determined by the reduction of E-cadherin expression and induction of N-cadherin and vimentin expression. Knockdown with specific siRNA abolished 14-3-3ε-induced cell migration and EMT. Furthermore, 14-3-3ε selectively induced Zeb-1 and Snail expression, and 14-3-3ε-induced cell migration was abrogated by Zeb-1 or Snail siRNA. In addition, the effect of 14-3-3ε-reduced E-cadherin was specifically restored by Zeb-1 siRNA. Positive 14-3-3ε expression was significantly correlated with negative E-cadherin expression, as determined by immunohistochemistry analysis in HCC tumors. Analysis of 14-3-3ε/E-cadherin expression associated with clinicopathological characteristics revealed that the combination of positive 14-3-3ε and negative E-cadherin expression is significantly correlated with higher incidence of HCC metastasis and poor 5-year overall survival. In contrast, patients with positive 14-3-3ε and positive E-cadherin expression had better prognostic outcomes than did those with negative E-cadherin expression. Significance Our findings show for the first time that E-cadherin is one of the downstream targets of 14-3-3ε in modulating HCC tumor progression. Thus, 14-3-3ε may act as an important regulator in modulating tumor metastasis by promoting EMT as well as cell migration, and it may serve as a novel prognostic biomarker or therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-An Liu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Yee-Jee Jan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Sheng Ko
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Man Liang
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Chang Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - John Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiun Hsu
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Ming Wu
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Yang Liou
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Yan L, Gu H, Li J, Xu M, Liu T, Shen Y, Chen B, Zhang G. RKIP and 14-3-3ε exert an opposite effect on human gastric cancer cells SGC7901 by regulating the ERK/MAPK pathway differently. Dig Dis Sci 2013; 58:389-96. [PMID: 22899242 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-012-2341-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Raf-1 kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) inhibits Raf (a key element in the ERK/MAPK pathway) and is regarded as anti-tumoral. In contrast, 14-3-3 is considered protumoral. However, the pathogenetic role of RKIP and 14-3-3ε in gastric cancer is unclear. AIM The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of 14-3-3ε and RKIP on SGC7901, the regulation of the ERK/MAKP pathway by both, and the interaction between the two proteins. METHODS RKIP and 14-3-3ε genes were introduced into SGC7901 cells using gene cloning technique, then, the bioactivities including the proliferation, migration and invasion of the cells were assessed by MTT and migration assays. ERK/MAKP pathway's activity was examined using real-time quantitative RT-PCR, western blot, immunoprecipitation and 3D-immunolocalization techniques. RESULTS Our results showed that RKIP inhibited SGC7901 cells' bioactivities whereas 14-3-3ε upregulated them through the involvement of the ERK/MAPK pathway. RKIP inactivated this pathway, but 14-3-3ε activated it. RKIP and 14-3-3ε were co-localized in the cells and interacted with each other; this attributed to their opposite influence on the ERK/MAPK pathway and the cells bioactivities. CONCLUSIONS The ERK/MAPK pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer; RKIP and 14-3-3ε exert an opposite effect on this pathway and the cells possibly via both direct and indirect reactions with the elements in this pathway. The interaction between RKIP and 14-3-3ε may also contribute to their pathogenetic roles in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, 410008, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
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Rodust PM, Fecker LF, Stockfleth E, Eberle J. Activation of mitochondrial apoptosis pathways in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cells by diclofenac/hyaluronic acid is related to upregulation of Bad as well as downregulation of Mcl-1 and Bcl-w. Exp Dermatol 2012; 21:520-5. [PMID: 22716247 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2012.01516.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Actinic keratosis (AK) is characterized by high prevalence and the risk to proceed to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-mediated prostaglandin E2 (PGE (2) ) synthesis has been reported in AK and SCC, and the COX inhibitor diclofenac in hyaluronic acid (diclofenac/HA) was approved for AK therapy. Its mode of action, however, remained to be unravelled. In the present study, diclofenac resulted in reduced PGE (2) levels in apoptosis-sensitive cutaneous SCC cell lines (SCL-II, SCC-12, SCC-13) whereas no PGE (2) and no COX-2 expression was detectable in a SCC cell line resistant to apoptosis induction (SCL-I). Activation of mitochondrial apoptosis pathways was evident in SCC cells owing to loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential and release of the mitochondrial factors cytochrome c and apoptosis-inducing factor. Characteristic proapoptotic changes at the level of Bcl-2 proteins occurred in sensitive cells, as upregulation of Bad and downregulation of Mcl-1 and Bcl-w. In contrast, Bad was already high, and Mcl-1 and Bcl-w were already low in resistant SCL-I, even without treatment, which may be explained by the lack of PGE (2) . An antiapoptotic downregulation of proapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins Noxa and Puma was, however, also seen in SCL-I, suggesting here pathways independent of COX-2. The regulations of Mcl-1 and Bad were also reproduced in SCC cells by the more selective COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib, thus further underlining the specific role of COX-2. The findings illuminate the mode of action of diclofenac/HA in SCC cells as well as principles of their resistance, which may allow further adaptation and improvement of the new therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M Rodust
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Skin Cancer Center, University Medical Center Charité, Berlin, Germany
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Božić BDJ, Rogan JR, Poleti DD, Trišović NP, Božić BDJ, Ušćumlić GS. Synthesis, characterization and antiproliferative activity of transition metal complexes with 3-(4,5-diphenyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)propanoic acid (oxaprozin). Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2012; 60:865-9. [PMID: 22790819 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c12-00185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes with oxaprozin (Hoxa), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, has been synthesized. The drug and complexes have been characterized by elemental and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, Fourier transform (FT)-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, UV-Vis spectroscopy and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The (pseudo)octahedral geometry has been proposed for all complexes based on electronic spectra and magnetic moments. With exception of the Cu(II) complex, where bridging bidentate mode of COO groups has been found, FT-IR spectra confirmed chelately coordinated COO groups in the other complexes. The general formula of the complexes is [M(H2O)2(oxa)2 ·χH2O, with χ=2 for M=Mn, Co and Ni and χ=1.5 for Zn. The binuclear Cu(II) complex, [Cu2(H2O)2(OH)(oxa)3]·2H2O, has strong Cu-Cu interactions of antiferromagnetic type. The complexes and Hoxa did not exhibit the cytotoxic effect to peritoneal macrophages. For the first time these complexes have been tested for their in vitro antiproliferative activity against human colon and breast cancer cell lines, HCT-116 and MDA-231, respectively. For all investigated compounds significant antiproliferative effects have been observed. Ni(II) complex has been shown to be a promising antiproliferative agent exerting excellent activity against HCT-116 even in nanomolar concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojan D J Božić
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, Belgrade, Serbia
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Kim JE, Kang JS, Lee WJ. Vitamin C Induces Apoptosis in Human Colon Cancer Cell Line, HCT-8 Via the Modulation of Calcium Influx in Endoplasmic Reticulum and the Dissociation of Bad from 14-3-3β. Immune Netw 2012; 12:189-95. [PMID: 23213312 PMCID: PMC3509163 DOI: 10.4110/in.2012.12.5.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2012] [Revised: 09/05/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that vitamin C plays an effective role in the treatment and prevention of cancer, but its specific mechanisms are still largely unknown. The incidence of colon cancer is now increasing in Korea. Therefore, we have examined here the effect of vitamin C on the induction of the apoptosis on colon cancer and its related mechanisms. We have found that remarkable increase of the apoptosis and the calcium influx in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in human colon cancer cell line, HCT-8. However, vitamin C-induced apoptosis was effectively inhibited by the pre-treatment of BAPTA-AM (1,2-bis(o-aminophenoxy) ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid), which is well-known as a calcium specific chelator. During the apoptosis, we found the increase of the translocation of Bad to mitochondria from cytosol, after releasing from 14-3-3β. In this process, the expression of Bax, a well-known pro-apoptotic protein, was also increased. Taken together, vitamin C induces apoptosis of colon cancer cell line, HCT-8 through the increase of 1) the calcium influx in endoplasmic reticulum (ER), 2) the translocation of Bad to mitochondria, and 3) the expression of Bax.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Eun Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 156-756, Korea
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40
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Xu M, Zuo X, Shureiqi I. Targeting peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-β/δ in colon cancer: how to aim? Biochem Pharmacol 2012; 85:607-611. [PMID: 23041232 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2012.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2012] [Revised: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-β/δ (PPARδ) is a ubiquitously expressed, ligand-activated transcriptional factor that performs diverse critical functions in normal cells (e.g., fatty acid metabolism, obesity, apoptosis, and inflammation). Various studies in humans have found that PPARδ is upregulated in primary colorectal cancers; however, these findings have been challenged by those of other reports. Similarly, various in vitro and in vivo mechanistic pre-clinical models have yielded data demonstrating that PPARδ promotes colonic tumorigenesis, but other models have yielded data that contradicts this notion. Definitive studies are therefore needed to establish the exact role of PPARδ in human colorectal tumorigenesis and to provide a theoretical basis for PPARδ therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Unit 0426, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA; Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, PR China
| | - Xiangsheng Zuo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Unit 0426, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Imad Shureiqi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Unit 0426, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA.
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41
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Chang TC, Liu CC, Hsing EW, Liang SM, Chi YH, Sung LY, Lin SP, Shen TL, Ko BS, Yen BL, Yet SF, Wu KK, Liou JY. 14-3-3σ regulates β-catenin-mediated mouse embryonic stem cell proliferation by sequestering GSK-3β. PLoS One 2012; 7:e40193. [PMID: 22768254 PMCID: PMC3387134 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 06/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pluripotent embryonic stem cells are considered to be an unlimited cell source for tissue regeneration and cell-based therapy. Investigating the molecular mechanism underlying the regulation of embryonic stem cell expansion is thus important. 14-3-3 proteins are implicated in controlling cell division, signaling transduction and survival by interacting with various regulatory proteins. However, the function of 14-3-3 in embryonic stem cell proliferation remains unclear. METHODOLOGY AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In this study, we show that all seven 14-3-3 isoforms were detected in mouse embryonic stem cells. Retinoid acid suppressed selectively the expression of 14-3-3σ isoform. Knockdown of 14-3-3σ with siRNA reduced embryonic stem cell proliferation, while only 14-3-3σ transfection increased cell growth and partially rescued retinoid acid-induced growth arrest. Since the growth-enhancing action of 14-3-3σ was abrogated by β-catenin knockdown, we investigated the influence of 14-3-3σ overexpression on β-catenin/GSK-3β. 14-3-3σ bound GSK-3β and increased GSK-3β phosphorylation in a PI-3K/Akt-dependent manner. It disrupted β-catenin binding by the multiprotein destruction complex. 14-3-3σ overexpression attenuated β-catenin phosphorylation and rescued the decline of β-catenin induced by retinoid acid. Furthermore, 14-3-3σ enhanced Wnt3a-induced β-catenin level and GSK-3β phosphorylation. DKK, an inhibitor of Wnt signaling, abolished Wnt3a-induced effect but did not interfere GSK-3β/14-3-3σ binding. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings show for the first time that 14-3-3σ plays an important role in regulating mouse embryonic stem cell proliferation by binding and sequestering phosphorylated GSK-3β and enhancing Wnt-signaled GSK-3β inactivation. 14-3-3σ is a novel target for embryonic stem cell expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Ching Chang
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chia Liu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - En-Wei Hsing
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Man Liang
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hui Chi
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ying Sung
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shau-Ping Lin
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tang-Long Shen
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Sheng Ko
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - B. Linju Yen
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Shaw-Fang Yet
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Kenneth K. Wu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (JYL); (KKW)
| | - Jun-Yang Liou
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (JYL); (KKW)
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42
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Peters JM, Foreman JE, Gonzalez FJ. Dissecting the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-β/δ (PPARβ/δ) in colon, breast, and lung carcinogenesis. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2012; 30:619-40. [PMID: 22037942 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-011-9320-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-β/δ (PPARβ/δ) is a promising drug target since its agonists increase serum high-density lipoprotein; decrease low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and insulin associated with metabolic syndrome; improve insulin sensitivity; and decrease high fat diet-induced obesity. PPARβ/δ agonists also promote terminal differentiation and elicit anti-inflammatory activities in many cell types. However, it remains to be determined whether PPARβ/δ agonists can be developed as therapeutics because there are reports showing either pro- or anti-carcinogenic effects of PPARβ/δ in cancer models. This review examines studies reporting the role of PPARβ/δ in colon, breast, and lung cancers. The prevailing evidence would suggest that targeting PPARβ/δ is not only safe but could have anti-carcinogenic protective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey M Peters
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences and The Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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43
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Nøstbakken OJ, Goksøyr A, Martin SAM, Cash P, Torstensen BE. Marine n-3 fatty acids alter the proteomic response to methylmercury in Atlantic salmon kidney (ASK) cells. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2012; 106-107:65-75. [PMID: 22071128 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2011.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2011] [Revised: 10/06/2011] [Accepted: 10/11/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Fish based diets have been linked to the amelioration of methylmercury (MeHg) induced symptoms in several epidemiological studies, particularly due to their contents of marine n-3 fatty acids. It has been suggested that n-3 fatty acids may mask the detrimental effects of MeHg due to their beneficial effect on the same biological functions which are negatively affected by MeHg. However, in vitro studies have implied that there may be direct interactions between the marine n-3 FAs and MeHg, which ameliorates MeHg toxicity through interactions at a biological level. To understand how marine n-3 FAs and MeHg interact in fish as a biological system, we wanted to investigate molecular interaction in a fish cell system. Atlantic salmon kidney (ASK) cells were pre-incubated with the marine n-3 FAs docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3, DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3, EPA) before exposing them to MeHg. Modulating effects of the marine FAs on MeHg toxicity were subsequently assessed using the exploratory technique of proteomics, in a factorial design. Thirty-four differentially regulated proteins were identified. From these; twenty-seven were shown to be differentially regulated by MeHg, twelve were regulated by the fatty acids, and another eight showed interaction effects between MeHg and the FAs. Several of the proteins were concomitantly affected by MeHg- and FA-main effects, as well as interaction effects. Functional annotations and pathway analysis of the proteins revealed that marine n-3 FAs and MeHg concurrently affected the abundance of protein markers relating to such molecular mechanisms as: cell signaling, calcium homeostasis, structural integrity, apoptosis, and energy metabolism. In conclusion, both marine n-3 FAs and MeHg can differentially affect the abundances of the same proteins, indicating modulating effects of EPA and DHA on MeHg metabolism, and possibly on its toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole Jakob Nøstbakken
- NIFES (National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research), Pb 2029 Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway.
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Peters JM, Morales JL, Gonzalez FJ. Modulation of gastrointestinal inflammation and colorectal tumorigenesis by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-β/δ (PPARβ/δ). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 8:e85-e93. [PMID: 22611424 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddmec.2011.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Critical physiological roles of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-β/δ (PPARβ/δ) include the regulation glucose and lipid homeostasis, cellular differentiation, and modulation of inflammation. The potential for targeting PPARβ/δ for the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases or cancer, is compromised because of major inconsistencies in the literature. This is due primarily to uncertainty regarding the effect of PPARβ/δ and its activation on cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell survival. This review summarizes both the confirmed and conflicting mechanisms that have been described for PPARβ/δ and the potential for targeting this nuclear receptor for the prevention and treatment of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey M Peters
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences and The Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
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45
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Bertagnolo V, Brugnoli F, Grassilli S, Nika E, Capitani S. Vav1 in differentiation of tumoral promyelocytes. Cell Signal 2011; 24:612-20. [PMID: 22133616 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2011.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Accepted: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The multidomain protein Vav1, in addition to promote the acquisition of maturation related properties by normal hematopoietic cells, is a key player in the ATRA- and PMA-induced completion of the differentiation program of tumoral myeloid precursors derived from APL. This review is focussed on the role of Vav1 in differentiating promyelocytes, as part of interconnected networks of functionally related proteins ended to regulate different aspects of myeloid maturation. The role of Vav1 in determining actin cytoskeleton reorganization alternative to the best known function as a GEF for small G proteins is discussed, as well as the binding of Vav1 with cytoplasmic and nuclear signaling molecules which provides a new perspective in the modulation of nuclear architecture and activity. In particular, new hints are provided on the ability of Vav1 to determine the nuclear amount of proteins implicated in modulating mRNA production and stability and in regulating the ATRA-dependent protein expression also by direct interaction with transcription factors known to drive the ATRA-induced maturation of myeloid cells. The reviewed findings summarize the major advances in the understanding of additional, non conventional functions connected with the vast interactive potential of Vav1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Bertagnolo
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Morphology and Embryology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
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46
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Tai HH, Chi X, Tong M. Regulation of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2011; 96:37-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2011.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2011] [Revised: 06/10/2011] [Accepted: 06/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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47
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Liu TA, Jan YJ, Ko BS, Chen SC, Liang SM, Hung YL, Hsu C, Shen TL, Lee YM, Chen PF, Wang J, Shyue SK, Liou JY. Increased expression of 14-3-3β promotes tumor progression and predicts extrahepatic metastasis and worse survival in hepatocellular carcinoma. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2011; 179:2698-708. [PMID: 21967815 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2011] [Revised: 07/20/2011] [Accepted: 08/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
14-3-3β is implicated in cell survival, proliferation, migration, and tumor growth; however, its clinical relevance in tumor progression and metastasis have never been elucidated. To evaluate the clinical significance of 14-3-3β, we analyzed the association of 14-3-3β expression and clinicopathologic characteristics in primary and subsequent metastatic tumors of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. 14-3-3β was expressed abundantly in 40 of 55 (70.7%) primary tumors. Increased 14-3-3β expression in primary tumors predicted a higher 5-year cumulative incidence of subsequent extrahepatic metastasis, and multivariate analysis revealed 14-3-3β overexpression was an independent risk factor for extrahepatic metastasis. Patients with increased 14-3-3β expression in primary tumors had worse 5-year overall survival rates, and 14-3-3β overexpression was an independent prognostic factor on Cox regression analysis. Furthermore, stably overexpressed 14-3-3β enhanced hepatocellular carcinoma cell migration and proliferation and increased anchorage-independent cell growth. In addition, in vivo study in a nude-mice model showed tumor formation significantly increased with 14-3-3β overexpression. In conclusion, this is the first report to show that increased 14-3-3β expression is associated with subsequent extrahepatic metastasis and worse survival rates, as well as cancer progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. Thus, 14-3-3β may be a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-An Liu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
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Weidinger C, Krause K, Mueller K, Klagge A, Fuhrer D. FOXO3 is inhibited by oncogenic PI3K/Akt signaling but can be reactivated by the NSAID sulindac sulfide. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011; 96:E1361-71. [PMID: 21752881 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2010-2453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overactivation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway has emerged as a pivotal trigger of thyroid carcinogenesis. Recent findings from other tumor entities revealed that PI3K/Akt-driven carcinogenesis critically involves the inactivation of the tumor-suppressive transcription factor Forkhead box O (FOXO)-3. However, little is known about FOXO3 in the thyroid context. AIMS We sought to investigate the influence of the thyroid oncogenes BRAFV600E, H-RASV12, and p110α (H1074R) on the regulation of the PI3K downstream target FOXO3 in vitro. Furthermore, the impact of the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted from chromosome 10 (PTEN) on the transcriptional activity of FOXO3 was assessed in a panel of 44 human thyroid tumors. Finally, we tried to modulate FOXO3 activity pharmacologically with help of the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug sulindac sulfide (SS). RESULTS We found that the overexpression of p110α H1074R results in the inactivation of FOXO3 via its nuclear exclusion. In vivo, we observed a direct correlation between PTEN expression and the transcriptional activation of FOXO3. In vitro, we found that stimulation with SS reversed PI3K/Akt-driven inactivation of FOXO3, resulting in its nuclear relocation and a combined induction of the antiproliferative FOXO target genes Gadd45α and p27(kip1) and the proapoptotic FOXO target gene Bim in benign (FRTL-5) and malignant human thyrocytes (FTC-133). In agreement with this, SS promoted the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in thyroid cells, which could be amplified by the transfection of exogenous FOXO3. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that deregulation of proapoptotic FOXO3 represents a central step in PI3K/Akt-mediated thyroid carcinogenesis. Thus, SS might represent an attractive pharmacological tool for targeting thyroid neoplasia with aberrant PI3K/Akt/FOXO3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Weidinger
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr 55, D-45147 Essen, Germany
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Ma D, Zhang LM. Supramolecular Gelation of a Polymeric Prodrug for Its Encapsulation and Sustained Release. Biomacromolecules 2011; 12:3124-30. [DOI: 10.1021/bm101566r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ma
- DSAPM Lab and PCFM Lab, Institute of Polymer Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Li-Ming Zhang
- DSAPM Lab and PCFM Lab, Institute of Polymer Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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50
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NO-Donating NSAIDs, PPARdelta, and Cancer: Does PPARdelta Contribute to Colon Carcinogenesis? PPAR Res 2011; 2008:919572. [PMID: 18528523 PMCID: PMC2408682 DOI: 10.1155/2008/919572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2008] [Revised: 04/25/2008] [Accepted: 05/06/2008] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemopreventive NO-donating NSAIDs (NO-NSAIDs; NSAIDs with an NO-releasing moiety) modulate PPARδ and offer the opportunity to revisit the controversial role of PPARδ in carcinogenesis (several papers report that PPARδ either promotes or inhibits cancer). This review summarizes the pharmacology of NO-NSAIDs, PPARδ cancer biology, and the relationship between the two. In particular, a study of the chemopreventive effect of two isomers of NO-aspirin on intestinal neoplasia in Min mice showed that, compared to wild-type controls, PPARδ is overexpressed in the intestinal mucosa of Min mice; PPARδ responds to
m- and p-NO-ASA proportionally to their antitumor effect (p- > m-). This effect is accompanied by the induction of epithelial cell death, which correlates with the antineoplastic effect of NO-aspirin; and NO-aspirin's effect on PPARδ is specific (no changes in PPARα or PPARγ). Although these data support the notion that PPARδ promotes intestinal carcinogenesis and its inhibition could be therapeutically useful, more work is needed before a firm conclusion is reached.
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