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Koppensteiner L, Mathieson L, Pattle S, Dorward DA, O'Connor R, Akram AR. Location of CD39 + T cell subpopulations within tumors predict differential outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e006770. [PMID: 37648263 PMCID: PMC10471883 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-006770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE An improved mechanistic understanding of immunosuppressive pathways in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is important to develop novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Here, we investigate the prognostic significance of the ectonucleotidases CD39 and CD73 in NSCLC. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The expression and localization of CD39, CD73 and CD103 was digitally quantified in a cohort of 162 early treatment naïve NSCLC patients using multiplex-immunofluorescence and related to patient outcome. Expression among different cell-populations was assessed via flow cytometry. Targeted RNA-Seq was performed on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from digested NSCLC tumor tissue and single-cell RNA-Seq data was analyzed to investigate the functional significance of CD39+ T cell populations. RESULTS We demonstrate that flow cytometry of early untreated NSCLC patients shows an upregulation of CD39 expression in the tumor tissue among natural killer (NK) cells, fibroblasts and T cells. CD73 expression is mainly found among fibroblasts and Epcam+cells in the tumor tissue. Multiplex Immunofluorescence in a cohort of 162 early untreated NSCLC patients demonstrates that CD39 expression is mainly localized in the tumor stroma while CD73 expression is equally distributed between tumor nest and stroma, and high expression of CD39 and CD73 in the tumor stroma is associated with poor recurrence-free survival (RFS) at 5 years. Additionally, we find that CD8+T cells located in the tumor nest express CD103 and the density of CD39+CD103+CD8+ T cells in the tumor nest predicts improved RFS at 5 years. Targeted RNA-Seq shows that the tumor microenvironment of NSCLC upregulates regulatory pathways in CD4+ T cells and exhaustion in CD8+ T cells, and analysis of a single cell RNA sequencing dataset shows that CD39+CD4+ cells are enriched in Treg signature gene-sets, and CD39+CD103+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte show gene signatures indicative of an exhausted cytotoxic phenotype with upregulated expression of CXCL13. CONCLUSIONS Knowledge of patterns of distribution and location are required to understand the prognostic impact of CD39+ T cell populations in NSCLC. This study provides an improved understanding of spatial and functional characteristics of CD39+ T cells and their significance to patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Layla Mathieson
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Samuel Pattle
- Department of Pathology, Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Richard O'Connor
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ahsan R Akram
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Damei I, Trickovic T, Mami-Chouaib F, Corgnac S. Tumor-resident memory T cells as a biomarker of the response to cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1205984. [PMID: 37545498 PMCID: PMC10399960 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1205984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) often include a substantial subset of CD8+ tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells enriched in tumor-specific T cells. These TRM cells play a major role in antitumor immune response. They are identified on the basis of their expression of the CD103 (αE(CD103)β7) and/or CD49a (α1(CD49a)β1) integrins, and the C-type lectin CD69, which are involved in tissue residency. TRM cells express several T-cell inhibitory receptors on their surface but they nevertheless react strongly to malignant cells, exerting a strong cytotoxic function, particularly in the context of blocking interactions of PD-1 with PD-L1 on target cells. These TRM cells form stable conjugates with autologous tumor cells and interact with dendritic cells and other T cells within the tumor microenvironment to orchestrate an optimal in situ T-cell response. There is growing evidence to indicate that TGF-β is essential for the formation and maintenance of TRM cells in the tumor, through the induction of CD103 expression on activated CD8+ T cells, and for the regulation of TRM effector functions through bidirectional integrin signaling. CD8+ TRM cells were initially described as a prognostic marker for survival in patients with various types of cancer, including ovarian, lung and breast cancers and melanoma. More recently, these tumor-resident CD8+ T cells have been shown to be a potent predictive biomarker of the response of cancer patients to immunotherapies, including therapeutic cancer vaccines and immune checkpoint blockade. In this review, we will highlight the major characteristics of tumor TRM cell populations and the possibilities for their exploitation in the design of more effective immunotherapy strategies for cancer.
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Seo EH, Song GY, Oh CS, Kim SH, Kim WS, Lee SH. CD103 + Cells and Chemokine Receptor Expression in Breast Cancer. Immune Netw 2023; 23:e25. [PMID: 37416930 PMCID: PMC10320418 DOI: 10.4110/in.2023.23.e25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucosal environments harbour lymphocytes, which express several adhesion molecules, including intestinal homing receptors and integrin αE/β7 (CD103). CD103 binds E-cadherin, an integrin receptor expressed in intestinal endothelial cells. Its expression not only enables homing or retention of T lymphocytes at these sites but is also associated with increased T lymphocyte activation. However, it is not yet clear how CD103 expression is related to the clinical staging of breast cancer, which is determined by factors such as the size of the tumor (T), the involvement of nearby lymph nodes (N), and presence of metastasis (M). We examined the prognostic significance of CD103 by FACS in 53 breast cancer patients and 46 healthy controls enrolled, and investigated its expression, which contributes to lymphocyte recruitment in tumor tissue. Patients with breast cancer showed increased frequencies of CD103+, CD4+CD103+, and CD8+CD103+ cells compared to controls. CD103 was expressed at a high level on the surfaces of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in patients with breast cancer. Its expression in peripheral blood was not correlated with clinical TNM stage. To determine the localisation of CD103+ cells in breast tissue, tissue sections of breast tumors were stained for CD103. In tissue sections of breast tumors stained for CD103, its expression in T lymphocytes was higher compared to normal breast tissue. In addition, CD103+ cells expressed higher levels of receptors for inflammatory chemokines, compared to CD103- cells. CD103+ cells in peripheral blood and tumor tissue might be an important source of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte trafficking, homing, and retention in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Hye Seo
- BK21 Plus, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea
| | - Ga-Yun Song
- Department of Infection and Immunology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea
| | - Chung-Sik Oh
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea
| | - Seong-Hyop Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea
| | - Wan-Seop Kim
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea
- Department of Pathology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Lee
- Department of Infection and Immunology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea
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4
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[Advances in the Study of Tissue-resident Memory T Cells in Lung Cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2022; 25:862-869. [PMID: 36617472 PMCID: PMC9845087 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2022.102.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been widely used in the treatment of lung cancer, but the benefit population is limited and there is a lack of effective predictive markers of efficacy. Tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) reside in tissues and exert anti-tumor effects by expressing the integrins CD103, CD49a or C-type lectin CD69 and immune checkpoint receptors. TRM expressing programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) is enriched with transcriptional products associated with cytotoxicity and enhances T cell (antigen) receptor (TCR)-mediated cytotoxicity. TRM is a promising biomarker for predicting the efficacy and prognosis of immunotherapy in lung cancer patients. This review will describe the progress of TRM research in lung cancer.
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Integration of tumor extrinsic and intrinsic features associates with immunotherapy response in non-small cell lung cancer. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4053. [PMID: 35831288 PMCID: PMC9279502 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31769-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) varies greatly among metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Loss of heterozygosity at the HLA-I locus (HLA-LOH) has been identified as an important immune escape mechanism. However, despite HLA-I disruptions in their tumor, many patients have durable ICB responses. Here we seek to identify HLA-I-independent features associated with ICB response in NSCLC. We use single-cell profiling to identify tumor-infiltrating, clonally expanded CD4+ T cells that express a canonical cytotoxic gene program and NSCLC cells with elevated HLA-II expression. We postulate cytotoxic CD4+ T cells mediate anti-tumor activity via HLA-II on tumor cells and augment HLA-I-dependent cytotoxic CD8+ T cell interactions to drive ICB response in NSCLC. We show that integrating tumor extrinsic cytotoxic gene expression with tumor mutational burden is associated with longer time to progression in a real-world cohort of 123 NSCLC patients treated with ICB regimens, including those with HLA-LOH. Some cancer patients with impaired HLA-I still respond to immunotherapy. Here the authors combine a cytotoxic gene signature from CD4+ and CD8+ T cells with tumor mutational burden to predict immunotherapy response in NSCLC patients, including those with HLA-LOH.
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Regev O, Kizner M, Roncato F, Dadiani M, Saini M, Castro-Giner F, Yajuk O, Kozlovski S, Levi N, Addadi Y, Golani O, Ben-Dor S, Granot Z, Aceto N, Alon R. ICAM-1 on Breast Cancer Cells Suppresses Lung Metastasis but Is Dispensable for Tumor Growth and Killing by Cytotoxic T Cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:849701. [PMID: 35911772 PMCID: PMC9328178 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.849701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast tumors and their derived circulating cancer cells express the leukocyte β2 integrin ligand Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1). We found that elevated ICAM-1 expression in breast cancer cells results in a favorable outcome and prolonged survival of breast cancer patients. We therefore assessed the direct in vivo contribution of ICAM-1 expressed by breast cancer cells to breast tumorigenesis and lung metastasis in syngeneic immunocompetent mice hosts using spontaneous and experimental models of the lung metastasis of the C57BL/6-derived E0771 cell line, a luminal B breast cancer subtype. Notably, the presence of ICAM-1 on E0771 did not alter tumor growth or the leukocyte composition in the tumor microenvironment. Interestingly, the elimination of Tregs led to the rapid killing of primary tumor cells independently of tumor ICAM-1 expression. The in vivo elimination of a primary E0771 tumor expressing the ovalbumin (OVA) model neoantigen by the OVA-specific OVA-tcr-I mice (OT-I) transgenic cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) also took place normally in the absence of ICAM-1 expression by E0771 breast cancer target cells. The whole lung imaging of these cells by light sheet microscopy (LSM) revealed that both Wild type (WT)- and ICAM-1-deficient E0771 cells were equally disseminated from resected tumors and accumulated inside the lung vasculature at similar magnitudes. ICAM-1-deficient breast cancer cells developed, however, much larger metastatic lesions than their control counterparts. Strikingly, the vast majority of these cells gave rise to intravascular tumor colonies both in spontaneous and experimental metastasis models. In the latter model, ICAM-1 expressing E0771- but not their ICAM-1-deficient counterparts were highly susceptible to elimination by neutrophils adoptively transferred from E0771 tumor-bearing donor mice. Ex vivo, neutrophils derived from tumor-bearing mice also killed cultured E0771 cells via ICAM-1-dependent interactions. Collectively, our results are a first indication that ICAM-1 expressed by metastatic breast cancer cells that expand inside the lung vasculature is involved in innate rather than in adaptive cancer cell killing. This is also a first indication that the breast tumor expression of ICAM-1 is not required for CTL-mediated killing but can function as a suppressor of intravascular breast cancer metastasis to lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ofer Regev
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Marina Kizner
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Francesco Roncato
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Maya Dadiani
- Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Massimo Saini
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Francesc Castro-Giner
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Olga Yajuk
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Stav Kozlovski
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nehora Levi
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yoseph Addadi
- Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ofra Golani
- Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Shifra Ben-Dor
- Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Zvi Granot
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nicola Aceto
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ronen Alon
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- *Correspondence: Ronen Alon,
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Kwiecień I, Rutkowska E, Sokołowski R, Bednarek J, Raniszewska A, Jahnz-Różyk K, Rzepecki P, Domagała-Kulawik J. Effector Memory T Cells and CD45RO+ Regulatory T Cells in Metastatic vs. Non-Metastatic Lymph Nodes in Lung Cancer Patients. Front Immunol 2022; 13:864497. [PMID: 35585972 PMCID: PMC9108231 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.864497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphocytes play a leading role in regulation of the immune system in lung cancer patients. The recognition of T cells profile may help in prediction of effectiveness of anticancer immunotherapy. The aim of the study was to determine the dominant subpopulation of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes in metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes (LNs) of lung cancer patients. LNs aspirates were obtained during EBUS/TBNA procedure and cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. We showed a higher percentage of CD4+ and CD8+ effector memory T cells in the metastatic than in the non-metastatic LNs (28.6 vs. 15.3% and 28.6 vs. 14.0%, p< 0.05). The proportion of CD45RO+ T regulatory cells (CD45RO+ Tregs) was higher in the metastatic LNs than in the non-metastatic ones (65.6 vs. 31%, p< 0.05). We reported the significant differences in T cell subsets depending on the lung cancer metastatic process. We observed that the effector memory T cells were predominant subpopulations in metastatic LNs. Lymphocyte profile in LNs is easy to evaluate by flow cytometry of EBUS/TBNA samples and may reflect the immune status in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Kwiecień
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Laboratory of Flow Cytometry, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
- *Correspondence: Iwona Kwiecień, ;
| | - Elżbieta Rutkowska
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Laboratory of Flow Cytometry, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Sokołowski
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Bednarek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Raniszewska
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Laboratory of Flow Cytometry, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karina Jahnz-Różyk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Rzepecki
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Domagała-Kulawik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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8
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Blanco R, Gómez de Cedrón M, Gámez-Reche L, Martín-Leal A, González-Martín A, Lacalle RA, Ramírez de Molina A, Mañes S. The Chemokine Receptor CCR5 Links Memory CD4 + T Cell Metabolism to T Cell Antigen Receptor Nanoclustering. Front Immunol 2021; 12:722320. [PMID: 34950130 PMCID: PMC8688711 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.722320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibition of anabolic pathways, such as aerobic glycolysis, is a metabolic cornerstone of memory T cell differentiation and function. However, the signals that hamper these anabolic pathways are not completely known. Recent evidence pinpoints the chemokine receptor CCR5 as an important player in CD4+ T cell memory responses by regulating T cell antigen receptor (TCR) nanoclustering in an antigen-independent manner. This paper reports that CCR5 specifically restrains aerobic glycolysis in memory-like CD4+ T cells, but not in effector CD4+ T cells. CCR5-deficient memory CD4+ T cells thus show an abnormally high glycolytic/oxidative metabolism ratio. No CCR5-dependent change in glucose uptake nor in the expression of the main glucose transporters was detected in any of the examined cell types, although CCR5-deficient memory cells did show increased expression of the hexokinase 2 and pyruvate kinase M2 isoforms, plus the concomitant downregulation of Bcl-6, a transcriptional repressor of these key glycolytic enzymes. Further, the TCR nanoclustering defects observed in CCR5-deficient antigen-experienced CD4+ T cells were partially reversed by incubation with 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG), suggesting a link between inhibition of the glycolytic pathway and TCR nanoscopic organization. Indeed, the treatment of CCR5-deficient lymphoblasts with 2-DG enhanced IL-2 production after antigen re-stimulation. These results identify CCR5 as an important regulator of the metabolic fitness of memory CD4+ T cells, and reveal an unexpected link between T cell metabolism and TCR organization with potential influence on the response of memory T cells upon antigen re-encounter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Blanco
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB/CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Gómez de Cedrón
- Precision Nutrition and Cancer Program, Molecular Oncology Group, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Gámez-Reche
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB/CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (IIB/CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Martín-Leal
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB/CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia González-Martín
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (IIB/CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa A Lacalle
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB/CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Ramírez de Molina
- Precision Nutrition and Cancer Program, Molecular Oncology Group, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santos Mañes
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB/CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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Hoffmann JC, Schön MP. Integrin α E(CD103)β 7 in Epithelial Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6211. [PMID: 34944831 PMCID: PMC8699740 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Interactions of both the innate and the adaptive immune system with tumors are complex and often influence courses and therapeutic treatments in unanticipated ways. Based on the concept that CD8+T cells can mediate important antitumor effects, several therapies now aim to amplify their specific activity. A subpopulation of CD8+ tissue-resident T lymphocytes that express the αE(CD103)β7 integrin has raised particular interest. This receptor presumably contributes to the recruitment and retention of tumor-infiltrating immune cells through interaction with its ligand, E-cadherin. It appears to have regulatory functions and is thought to be a component of some immunological synapses. In TGF-rich environments, the αE(CD103)β7/E-cadherin-interaction enhances the binding strength between tumor cells and infiltrating T lymphocytes. This activity facilitates the release of lytic granule contents and cytokines as well as further immune responses and the killing of target cells. Expression of αE(CD103)β7 in some tumors is associated with a rather favorable prognosis, perhaps with the notable exception of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. Although epithelial skin tumors are by far the most common tumors of fair-skinned people, there have been very few studies on the distribution of αE(CD103)β7 expressing cells in these neoplasms. Given this background, we describe here that αE(CD103)β7 is scarcely present in basal cell carcinomas, but much more abundant in squamous cell carcinomas with heterogeneous distribution. Notwithstanding a substantial number of studies, the role of αE(CD103)β7 in the tumor context is still far from clear. Here, we summarize the essential current knowledge on αE(CD103)β7 and outline that it is worthwhile to further explore this intriguing receptor with regard to the pathophysiology, therapy, and prognosis of solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna C. Hoffmann
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany;
| | - Michael P. Schön
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany;
- Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational Dermatology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
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Newnes HV, Armitage JD, Audsley KM, Bosco A, Waithman J. Directing the Future Breakthroughs in Immunotherapy: The Importance of a Holistic Approach to the Tumour Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13235911. [PMID: 34885021 PMCID: PMC8656826 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13235911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Immunotherapies have changed the way we treat cancer and, while some patients have benefitted greatly, there are still those that do not respond to therapy. Understanding why some patients respond to therapy and others do not is critical in developing new immunotherapeutic strategies. The increasing awareness of the importance of investigating the tumour in its entirety, including the surrounding tissue and role of various immune cells is helping to differentiate responders and non-responders. In addition, the resolution gained by the development of sophisticated bioinformatic technologies allows for a deeper understanding of the complex roles of individual cells in the tumour. This advancement will be critical for the development of novel therapies to treat cancer. Abstract Immunotherapy has revolutionised the treatment of cancers by exploiting the immune system to eliminate tumour cells. Despite the impressive response in a proportion of patients, clinical benefit has been limited thus far. A significant focus to date has been the identification of specific markers associated with response to immunotherapy. Unfortunately, the heterogeneity between patients and cancer types means identifying markers of response to therapy is inherently complex. There is a growing appreciation for the role of the tumour microenvironment (TME) in directing response to immunotherapy. The TME is highly heterogeneous and contains immune, stromal, vascular and tumour cells that all communicate and interact with one another to form solid tumours. This review analyses major cell populations present within the TME with a focus on their diverse and often contradictory roles in cancer and how this informs our understanding of immunotherapy. Furthermore, we discuss the role of integrated omics in providing a comprehensive view of the TME and demonstrate the potential of leveraging multi-omics to decipher the underlying mechanisms of anti-tumour immunity for the development of novel immunotherapeutic strategies.
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Integrin-α V-mediated activation of TGF-β regulates anti-tumour CD8 T cell immunity and response to PD-1 blockade. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5209. [PMID: 34471106 PMCID: PMC8410945 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25322-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
TGF-β is secreted in the tumour microenvironment in a latent, inactive form bound to latency associated protein and activated by the integrin αV subunit. The activation of latent TGF-β by cancer-cell-expressed αV re-shapes the tumour microenvironment, and this could affect patient responses to PD-1-targeting therapy. Here we show, using multiplex immunofluorescence staining in cohorts of anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1-treated lung cancer patients, that decreased expression of cancer cell αV is associated with improved immunotherapy-related, progression-free survival, as well as with an increased density of CD8+CD103+ tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes. Mechanistically, tumour αV regulates CD8 T cell recruitment, induces CD103 expression on activated CD8+ T cells and promotes their differentiation to granzyme B-producing CD103+CD69+ resident memory T cells via autocrine TGF-β signalling. Thus, our work provides the underlying principle of targeting cancer cell αV for more efficient PD-1 checkpoint blockade therapy. Response to PD-1 checkpoint blockade is unpredictable in lung cancer patients. Here authors show in human lung and mouse tumour models that low or absent αV integrin expression leads to better tumour growth control by anti-PD-1 via reduced TGF-β activation and hence increased infiltration of anti-tumour CD8+ T cells.
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12
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Sabbadini F, Bertolini M, De Matteis S, Mangiameli D, Contarelli S, Pietrobono S, Melisi D. The Multifaceted Role of TGF-β in Gastrointestinal Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13163960. [PMID: 34439114 PMCID: PMC8391793 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13163960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The transforming growth factor β signaling pathway elicits a broad range of physiological re-sponses, and its misregulation has been related to cancer. The secreted cytokine TGFβ exerts a tumor-suppressive effect that counteracts malignant transformation. However, once tumor has developed, TGFβ can support tumor progression regulating epithelial to mesenchymal transition, invasion and metastasis, stimulating fibrosis, angiogenesis and immune suppression. Here we review the dichotomous role of TGF-β in the progression of gastrointestinal tumors, as well as its intricate crosstalk with other signaling pathways. We also discuss about the therapeutic strate-gies that are currently explored in clinical trials to counteract TGF-β functions. Abstract Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is a secreted cytokine that signals via serine/threonine kinase receptors and SMAD effectors. Although TGF-β acts as a tumor suppressor during the early stages of tumorigenesis, it supports tumor progression in advanced stages. Indeed, TGF-β can modulate the tumor microenvironment by modifying the extracellular matrix and by sustaining a paracrine interaction between neighboring cells. Due to its critical role in cancer development and progression, a wide range of molecules targeting the TGF-β signaling pathway are currently under active clinical development in different diseases. Here, we focused on the role of TGF-β in modulating different pathological processes with a particular emphasis on gastrointestinal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Sabbadini
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (F.S.); (M.B.); (S.D.M.); (D.M.); (S.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Monica Bertolini
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (F.S.); (M.B.); (S.D.M.); (D.M.); (S.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Serena De Matteis
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (F.S.); (M.B.); (S.D.M.); (D.M.); (S.C.); (S.P.)
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, AlmaMater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Domenico Mangiameli
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (F.S.); (M.B.); (S.D.M.); (D.M.); (S.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Serena Contarelli
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (F.S.); (M.B.); (S.D.M.); (D.M.); (S.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Silvia Pietrobono
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (F.S.); (M.B.); (S.D.M.); (D.M.); (S.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Davide Melisi
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (F.S.); (M.B.); (S.D.M.); (D.M.); (S.C.); (S.P.)
- Experimental Cancer Medicine Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
- Correspondence:
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13
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Iwai T, Sugimoto M, Patil NS, Bower D, Suzuki M, Kato C, Yorozu K, Kurasawa M, Shames DS, Kondoh O. Both T cell priming in lymph node and CXCR3-dependent migration are the key events for predicting the response of atezolizumab. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13912. [PMID: 34230534 PMCID: PMC8260627 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93113-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-PD-L1 antibodies benefit many cancer patients, even those with “non-inflamed tumor”. Determining which patients will benefit remains an important clinical goal. In a non-inflamed tumor mouse model, we found that PD-L1 was highly expressed on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) especially on CD103+ CD11c+ dendritic cells in tumor-draining lymph nodes (dLNs), suppressing T-cell priming by APCs. In this model, anti-PD-L1 antibodies enhanced T-cell priming and increased CXCR3+ activated T-cells in dLNs, which was followed by the trafficking of T-cells to tumors in response to CXCR3 ligands. As predictive biomarker, each APCs-related gene expression (AP score) alone or T-cells trafficking-related chemokine gene expression (T score) alone were still less than perfect among the 17 mouse models examined. However a combining score of AP score and T score (AP/T score) precisely identified anti-PD-L1-sensitive tumors. In the phase 3 trial of atezolizumab vs docetaxel in advanced NSCLC patients (OAK), the AP/T score could identify atezolizumab-treated NSCLC patients who achieved significant improvement in overall survival. This biomarker concept would be a clinically valuable for prediction of anti-PD-L1 antibody efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiki Iwai
- Product Research Department, Kamakura Research Laboratories, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8530, Japan.
| | - Masamichi Sugimoto
- Product Research Department, Kamakura Research Laboratories, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8530, Japan
| | - Namrata S Patil
- Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, USA
| | - Daniel Bower
- Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, USA
| | - Miho Suzuki
- Product Research Department, Kamakura Research Laboratories, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8530, Japan
| | - Chie Kato
- Research Division, Kamakura Research Laboratories, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kamakura, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keigo Yorozu
- Product Research Department, Kamakura Research Laboratories, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8530, Japan
| | - Mitsue Kurasawa
- Product Research Department, Kamakura Research Laboratories, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8530, Japan
| | - David S Shames
- Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, USA
| | - Osamu Kondoh
- Product Research Department, Kamakura Research Laboratories, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8530, Japan
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14
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Banchereau R, Chitre AS, Scherl A, Wu TD, Patil NS, de Almeida P, Kadel Iii EE, Madireddi S, Au-Yeung A, Takahashi C, Chen YJ, Modrusan Z, McBride J, Nersesian R, El-Gabry EA, Robida MD, Hung JC, Kowanetz M, Zou W, McCleland M, Caplazi P, Eshgi ST, Koeppen H, Hegde PS, Mellman I, Mathews WR, Powles T, Mariathasan S, Grogan J, O'Gorman WE. Intratumoral CD103+ CD8+ T cells predict response to PD-L1 blockade. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2020-002231. [PMID: 33827905 PMCID: PMC8032254 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-002231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD8+ tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells, marked by CD103 (ITGAE) expression, are thought to actively suppress cancer progression, leading to the hypothesis that their presence in tumors may predict response to immunotherapy. METHODS Here, we test this by combining high-dimensional single-cell modalities with bulk tumor transcriptomics from 1868 patients enrolled in lung and bladder cancer clinical trials of atezolizumab (anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1)). RESULTS ITGAE was identified as the most significantly upregulated gene in inflamed tumors. Tumor CD103+ CD8+ TRM cells exhibited a complex phenotype defined by the expression of checkpoint regulators, cytotoxic proteins, and increased clonal expansion. CONCLUSIONS Our analyses indeed demonstrate that the presence of CD103+ CD8+ TRM cells, quantified by tracking intratumoral CD103 expression, can predict treatment outcome, suggesting that patients who respond to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade are those who exhibit an ongoing antitumor T-cell response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Banchereau
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Avantika S Chitre
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Alexis Scherl
- Department of Research Pathology, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Thomas D Wu
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Namrata S Patil
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Patricia de Almeida
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA.,Adaptive Biotechnologies Corp South San Francisco, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Edward E Kadel Iii
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Shravan Madireddi
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Amelia Au-Yeung
- Department of OMNI Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Chikara Takahashi
- Department of OMNI Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Ying-Jiun Chen
- Department of Microchemistry, Proteomics, Lipidomics, and Next Generation Sequencing, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA.,Analytical Biosciences Limited, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Zora Modrusan
- Department of Microchemistry, Proteomics, Lipidomics, and Next Generation Sequencing, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jacqueline McBride
- Department of OMNI Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Rhea Nersesian
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | | | - Jeffrey C Hung
- Department of Research Pathology, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Marcin Kowanetz
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA.,Bolt Biotherapeutics, Redwood City, California, USA
| | - Wei Zou
- Department of Biostatistics Oncology, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Mark McCleland
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Patrick Caplazi
- Department of Research Pathology, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Shadi Toghi Eshgi
- Department of OMNI Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Hartmut Koeppen
- Department of Research Pathology, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Ira Mellman
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - W Rodney Mathews
- Department of OMNI Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Thomas Powles
- Barts Cancer Center, Queen Mary University, London, UK
| | - Sanjeev Mariathasan
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jane Grogan
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - William E O'Gorman
- Department of OMNI Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
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15
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Tissue-Resident Lymphocytes: Implications in Immunotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010232. [PMID: 33379384 PMCID: PMC7796120 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a hard-to-treat cancer. The recent introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) provided viable options to treat HCC, but the response rate is currently not sufficient. Thus, a better understanding of ICI-responding cells within tumors is needed to improve outcomes of ICI treatment in HCC. Recently, tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells were defined as a subset of the memory T cell population; this cell population is actively under investigation to elucidate its role in anti-tumor immunity. In addition, the role of other tissue-resident populations such as tissue resident regulatory T (Treg) cells, mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, γδ T cells, and invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells in anti-tumor immunity is also actively being investigated. However, there is no study that summarizes recent studies and discusses future perspectives in terms of tissue resident lymphocytes in HCC. In this review, we summarize key features of tissue-resident lymphocytes and their role in the anti-tumor immunity. Additionally, we review recent studies regarding the characteristics of tissue-resident lymphocytes in HCC and their role in ICI treatment and other immunotherapeutic strategies.
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16
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Corgnac S, Malenica I, Mezquita L, Auclin E, Voilin E, Kacher J, Halse H, Grynszpan L, Signolle N, Dayris T, Leclerc M, Droin N, de Montpréville V, Mercier O, Validire P, Scoazec JY, Massard C, Chouaib S, Planchard D, Adam J, Besse B, Mami-Chouaib F. CD103 +CD8 + T RM Cells Accumulate in Tumors of Anti-PD-1-Responder Lung Cancer Patients and Are Tumor-Reactive Lymphocytes Enriched with Tc17. CELL REPORTS MEDICINE 2020; 1:100127. [PMID: 33205076 PMCID: PMC7659589 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2020.100127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Accumulation of CD103+CD8+ resident memory T (TRM) cells in human lung tumors has been associated with a favorable prognosis. However, the contribution of TRM to anti-tumor immunity and to the response to immune checkpoint blockade has not been clearly established. Using quantitative multiplex immunofluorescence on cohorts of non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with anti-PD-(L)1, we show that an increased density of CD103+CD8+ lymphocytes in immunotherapy-naive tumors is associated with greatly improved outcomes. The density of CD103+CD8+ cells increases during immunotherapy in most responder, but not in non-responder, patients. CD103+CD8+ cells co-express CD49a and CD69 and display a molecular profile characterized by the expression of PD-1 and CD39. CD103+CD8+ tumor TRM, but not CD103−CD8+ tumor-infiltrating counterparts, express Aiolos, phosphorylated STAT-3, and IL-17; demonstrate enhanced proliferation and cytotoxicity toward autologous cancer cells; and frequently display oligoclonal expansion of TCR-β clonotypes. These results explain why CD103+CD8+ TRM are associated with better outcomes in anti-PD-(L)1-treated patients. A high density of CD103+CD8+ cells in tumors correlates with response to anti-PD-(L)1 The density of CD103+CD8+ cells increases after anti-PD-1 in most responder patients CD103+CD8+ TRM cells are enriched with tumor-specific T cells A subset of CD103+CD8+ TRM cells display a Tc17 differentiation program
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Corgnac
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Ines Malenica
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Laura Mezquita
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy, Institut d'Oncologie Thoracique, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Edouard Auclin
- Gastrointestinal and Medical Oncology Department, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Elodie Voilin
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Jamila Kacher
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Heloise Halse
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Laetitia Grynszpan
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Nicolas Signolle
- INSERM Unit U981, Department of Experimental Pathology, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Thibault Dayris
- Department of Biology and Medical Pathology, Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Marine Leclerc
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Nathalie Droin
- Department of Biology and Medical Pathology, Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Vincent de Montpréville
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France.,Hôpital Marie-Lannelongue, Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, 92350 Le-Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Olaf Mercier
- Hôpital Marie-Lannelongue, Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, 92350 Le-Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Pierre Validire
- Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Yves Scoazec
- Department of Biology and Medical Pathology, Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Christophe Massard
- Drug Development Department, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Salem Chouaib
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - David Planchard
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy, Institut d'Oncologie Thoracique, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Julien Adam
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Benjamin Besse
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy, Institut d'Oncologie Thoracique, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Fathia Mami-Chouaib
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France
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17
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Dhodapkar MV, Dhodapkar KM. Tissue-resident memory-like T cells in tumor immunity: Clinical implications. Semin Immunol 2020; 49:101415. [PMID: 33011063 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2020.101415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tissue-resident memory (TRM) T cells are distinct population of non-circulating lymphocytes that play an important role in mediating regional immunity. TRM- like cells have now been identified as a component of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in several human tumors and correlate with outcome and response to immunotherapy. TRM cells have also been shown to mediate anti-tumor immunity in murine models. Biology of TRM cells has several implications for clinical cancer immunotherapy. Here we discuss newer insights into the biology of TRM T cells and discuss their implications for understanding the heterogeneity of immune microenvironment in tumors as well as improving the efficacy of cancer vaccines, immune-checkpoint blockade and adoptive cellular therapies in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhav V Dhodapkar
- Department of Hematology / Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Kavita M Dhodapkar
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States; Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.
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18
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Park MH, Kwon SY, Choi JE, Gong G, Bae YK. Intratumoral CD103-positive tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes are associated with favourable prognosis in patients with triple-negative breast cancer. Histopathology 2020; 77:560-569. [PMID: 32333690 DOI: 10.1111/his.14126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Cluster of differentiation 103 (CD103), a marker of tissue resident memory T cells, is expressed on subsets of CD8+ T lymphocytes. We investigated the prognostic significance of CD103+ intra-epithelial tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (iTILs) in invasive breast cancer (IBC). METHODS AND RESULTS Immunohistochemistry was performed for CD103, CD8 and TGF-β isoforms (1, 2 and 3) on tissue microarrays of 1187 IBC samples. CD103+ and CD8+ iTILs were present in 904 (76.2%) and 854 (74%) cases with an overall mean ± standard deviation of 38.2 ± 100.2/mm2 and 30.4 ± 89.7/mm2 , respectively. The numbers of CD103+ and CD8+ iTILs were positively correlated, and CD103+ iTILs outnumbered CD8+ iTILs in HER2-positive and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). CD103+ and CD8+ iTIL densities were significantly higher in tumours of histological grade 3, absence of lymphovascular invasion, high Ki-67 index, high stromal TIL density or TGF-β3 expression. High CD103+ iTIL density was associated with better disease-free survival (DFS, P = 0.007), but no significant association was observed for overall survival (OS). Subgroup analysis by cancer molecular subtype showed that CD103+ iTIL count was prognostic only for TNBC (OS, P = 0.035; DFS, P = 0.009). CD8+ iTIL density was significant for DFS, but not for OS, in the entire cohort and TNBC. In multivariate analysis, CD103+ iTIL density was an independent prognostic factor of OS (P = 0.02) and DFS (P = 0.007) in TNBC, while CD8+ iTIL density was not significant for survival. CONCLUSIONS CD103 iTIL density can serve as a predictor of good prognosis in patients with TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min H Park
- Department of Pathology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Sun Y Kwon
- Department of Pathology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jung E Choi
- Department of Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Gyungyub Gong
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young K Bae
- Department of Pathology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
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19
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Wang T, Shen Y, Luyten S, Yang Y, Jiang X. Tissue-resident memory CD8+ T cells in cancer immunology and immunotherapy. Pharmacol Res 2020; 159:104876. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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20
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Martín-Leal A, Blanco R, Casas J, Sáez ME, Rodríguez-Bovolenta E, de Rojas I, Drechsler C, Real LM, Fabrias G, Ruíz A, Castro M, Schamel WW, Alarcón B, van Santen HM, Mañes S. CCR5 deficiency impairs CD4 + T-cell memory responses and antigenic sensitivity through increased ceramide synthesis. EMBO J 2020; 39:e104749. [PMID: 32525588 PMCID: PMC7396835 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020104749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
CCR5 is not only a coreceptor for HIV‐1 infection in CD4+ T cells, but also contributes to their functional fitness. Here, we show that by limiting transcription of specific ceramide synthases, CCR5 signaling reduces ceramide levels and thereby increases T‐cell antigen receptor (TCR) nanoclustering in antigen‐experienced mouse and human CD4+ T cells. This activity is CCR5‐specific and independent of CCR5 co‐stimulatory activity. CCR5‐deficient mice showed reduced production of high‐affinity class‐switched antibodies, but only after antigen rechallenge, which implies an impaired memory CD4+ T‐cell response. This study identifies a CCR5 function in the generation of CD4+ T‐cell memory responses and establishes an antigen‐independent mechanism that regulates TCR nanoclustering by altering specific lipid species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Martín-Leal
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB/CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Blanco
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB/CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Josefina Casas
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Liver and Digestive Diseases (CIBER-EDH), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María E Sáez
- Centro Andaluz de Estudios Bioinformáticos (CAEBi), Seville, Spain
| | - Elena Rodríguez-Bovolenta
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO/CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Itziar de Rojas
- Alzheimer Research Center, Memory Clinic of the Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carina Drechsler
- Signaling Research Centers BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Luis Miguel Real
- Unit of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Seville, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Gemma Fabrias
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Liver and Digestive Diseases (CIBER-EDH), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Agustín Ruíz
- Alzheimer Research Center, Memory Clinic of the Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario Castro
- Interdisciplinary Group of Complex Systems, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Wolfgang Wa Schamel
- Signaling Research Centers BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Centre for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Balbino Alarcón
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO/CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Hisse M van Santen
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO/CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Santos Mañes
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB/CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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21
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Workel HH, van Rooij N, Plat A, Spierings DC, Fehrmann RSN, Nijman HW, de Bruyn M. Transcriptional Activity and Stability of CD39+CD103+CD8+ T Cells in Human High-Grade Endometrial Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3770. [PMID: 32471032 PMCID: PMC7312498 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells (TIL) are of the utmost importance in anti-tumor immunity. CD103 defines tumor-resident memory T cells (TRM cells) associated with improved survival and response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) across human tumors. Co-expression of CD39 and CD103 marks tumor-specific TRM with enhanced cytolytic potential, suggesting that CD39+CD103+ TRM could be a suitable biomarker for immunotherapy. However, little is known about the transcriptional activity of TRM cells in situ. We analyzed CD39+CD103+ TRM cells sorted from human high-grade endometrial cancers (n = 3) using mRNA sequencing. Cells remained untreated or were incubated with PMA/ionomycin (activation), actinomycin D (a platinum-like chemotherapeutic that inhibits transcription), or a combination of the two. Resting CD39+CD103+ TRM cells were transcriptionally active and expressed a characteristic TRM signature. Activated CD39+CD103+ TRM cells differentially expressed PLEK, TWNK, and FOS, and cytokine genes IFNG, TNF, IL2, CSF2 (GM-CSF), and IL21. Findings were confirmed using qPCR and cytokine production was validated by flow cytometry of cytotoxic TIL. We studied transcript stability and found that PMA-responsive genes and mitochondrial genes were particularly stable. In conclusion, CD39+CD103+ TRM cells are transcriptionally active TRM cells with a polyfunctional, reactivation-responsive repertoire. Secondly, we hypothesize that differential regulation of transcript stability potentiates rapid responses upon TRM reactivation in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagma H. Workel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (H.H.W.); (N.v.R.); (A.P.); (H.W.N.)
| | - Nienke van Rooij
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (H.H.W.); (N.v.R.); (A.P.); (H.W.N.)
| | - Annechien Plat
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (H.H.W.); (N.v.R.); (A.P.); (H.W.N.)
| | - Diana C.J. Spierings
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Rudolf S. N. Fehrmann
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Hans W. Nijman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (H.H.W.); (N.v.R.); (A.P.); (H.W.N.)
| | - Marco de Bruyn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (H.H.W.); (N.v.R.); (A.P.); (H.W.N.)
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22
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Satooka H, Ishigaki H, Todo K, Terada K, Agata Y, Itoh Y, Ogasawara K, Hirata T. Characterization of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes in a tumour rejection cynomolgus macaque model. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8414. [PMID: 32439888 PMCID: PMC7242367 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65488-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising and effective treatment for cancer, yet the clinical benefit is still variable, in part due to insufficient accumulation of immune effector cells in the tumour microenvironment. Better understanding of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) from nonhuman primate tumours could provide insights into improving effector cell accumulation in tumour tissues during immunotherapy. Here, we characterize TILs in a cynomolgus macaque tumour model in which the tumours were infiltrated with CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and were eventually rejected. The majority of CD4+ and CD8+ TILs exhibited a CD45RA−CCR7− effector memory phenotype, but unlike circulating T cells, they expressed CD69, a marker for tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells. CD69-expressing CD8+ TILs expressed high levels of the cytotoxic molecule granzyme B and the co-inhibitory receptor PD-1. Consistent with the TRM cell phenotype, CD8+ TILs minimally expressed CX3CR1 but expressed CXCR3 at higher levels than circulating CD8+ T cells. Meanwhile, CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11, chemokine ligands for CXCR3, were expressed at high levels in the tumours, thus attracting CXCR3+CD8+ T cells. These results indicate that tumour-transplanted macaques can be a useful preclinical model for studying and optimizing T cell accumulation in tumours for the development of new immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Satooka
- Department of Fundamental Biosciences, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Hirohito Ishigaki
- Department of Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Kagefumi Todo
- Department of Fundamental Biosciences, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Koji Terada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Yasutoshi Agata
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Yasushi Itoh
- Department of Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Ogasawara
- Department of Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Takako Hirata
- Department of Fundamental Biosciences, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
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23
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Sommariva M, Gagliano N. E-Cadherin in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Multifaceted Actor during EMT. Cells 2020; 9:E1040. [PMID: 32331358 PMCID: PMC7226001 DOI: 10.3390/cells9041040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a step-wise process observed in normal and tumor cells leading to a switch from epithelial to mesenchymal phenotype. In tumors, EMT provides cancer cells with a metastatic phenotype characterized by E-cadherin down-regulation, cytoskeleton reorganization, motile and invasive potential. E-cadherin down-regulation is known as a key event during EMT. However, E-cadherin expression can be influenced by the different experimental settings and environmental stimuli so that the paradigm of EMT based on the loss of E-cadherin determining tumor cell behavior and fate often becomes an open question. In this review, we aimed at focusing on some critical points in order to improve the knowledge of the dynamic role of epithelial cells plasticity in EMT and, specifically, address the role of E-cadherin as a marker for the EMT axis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicoletta Gagliano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy;
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24
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Balança CC, Scarlata CM, Michelas M, Devaud C, Sarradin V, Franchet C, Martinez Gomez C, Gomez-Roca C, Tosolini M, Heaugwane D, Lauzéral-Vizcaino F, Mir-Mesnier L, Féliu V, Valle C, Pont F, Ferron G, Gladieff L, Motton S, Tanguy Le Gac Y, Dupret-Bories A, Sarini J, Vairel B, Illac C, Siegfried-Vergnon A, Mery E, Fournié JJ, Vergez S, Delord JP, Rochaix P, Martinez A, Ayyoub M. Dual Relief of T-lymphocyte Proliferation and Effector Function Underlies Response to PD-1 Blockade in Epithelial Malignancies. Cancer Immunol Res 2020; 8:869-882. [PMID: 32295784 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-19-0855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although understanding of T-cell exhaustion is widely based on mouse models, its analysis in patients with cancer could provide clues indicating tumor sensitivity to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Data suggest a role for costimulatory pathways, particularly CD28, in exhausted T-cell responsiveness to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. Here, we used single-cell transcriptomic, phenotypic, and functional approaches to dissect the relation between CD8+ T-cell exhaustion, CD28 costimulation, and tumor specificity in head and neck, cervical, and ovarian cancers. We found that memory tumor-specific CD8+ T cells, but not bystander cells, sequentially express immune checkpoints once they infiltrate tumors, leading, in situ, to a functionally exhausted population. Exhausted T cells were nonetheless endowed with effector and tumor residency potential but exhibited loss of the costimulatory receptor CD28 in comparison with their circulating memory counterparts. Accordingly, PD-1 inhibition improved proliferation of circulating tumor-specific CD8+ T cells and reversed functional exhaustion of specific T cells at tumor sites. In agreement with their tumor specificity, high infiltration of tumors by exhausted cells was predictive of response to therapy and survival in ICB-treated patients with head and neck cancer. Our results showed that PD-1 blockade-mediated proliferation/reinvigoration of circulating memory T cells and local reversion of exhaustion occur concurrently to control tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marie Michelas
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1037, Toulouse, France
| | - Christel Devaud
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1037, Toulouse, France
| | - Victor Sarradin
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1037, Toulouse, France.,Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Claudius Regaud, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Camille Franchet
- Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Carlos Martinez Gomez
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1037, Toulouse, France.,Department of Surgery, Institut Claudius Regaud, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Carlos Gomez-Roca
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1037, Toulouse, France.,Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Claudius Regaud, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie Tosolini
- Technological Pole and Bioinformatic Platform, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1037, Toulouse, France
| | - Diana Heaugwane
- Department of Pathology, Institut Claudius Regaud, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Françoise Lauzéral-Vizcaino
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1037, Toulouse, France.,Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Lucile Mir-Mesnier
- Immune Monitoring Core Facility, Institut Claudius Regaud, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Virginie Féliu
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1037, Toulouse, France
| | - Carine Valle
- Technological Pole and Bioinformatic Platform, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1037, Toulouse, France
| | - Frédéric Pont
- Technological Pole and Bioinformatic Platform, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1037, Toulouse, France
| | - Gwénaël Ferron
- Department of Surgery, Institut Claudius Regaud, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurence Gladieff
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Claudius Regaud, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphanie Motton
- Department of Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Yann Tanguy Le Gac
- Department of Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Agnès Dupret-Bories
- Department of Surgery, Institut Claudius Regaud, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Jérôme Sarini
- Department of Surgery, Institut Claudius Regaud, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Benjamin Vairel
- Department of Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Claire Illac
- Department of Pathology, Institut Claudius Regaud, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Aurore Siegfried-Vergnon
- Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Eliane Mery
- Department of Pathology, Institut Claudius Regaud, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Sébastien Vergez
- Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.,Department of Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Delord
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1037, Toulouse, France.,Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Claudius Regaud, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Philippe Rochaix
- Department of Pathology, Institut Claudius Regaud, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Alejandra Martinez
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1037, Toulouse, France.,Department of Surgery, Institut Claudius Regaud, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Maha Ayyoub
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1037, Toulouse, France. .,Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.,Immune Monitoring Core Facility, Institut Claudius Regaud, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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25
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Hope JL, Stairiker CJ, Bae EA, Otero DC, Bradley LM. Striking a Balance-Cellular and Molecular Drivers of Memory T Cell Development and Responses to Chronic Stimulation. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1595. [PMID: 31379821 PMCID: PMC6650570 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective adaptive immune responses are characterized by stages of development and maturation of T and B cell populations that respond to disturbances in the host homeostasis in cases of both infections and cancer. For the T cell compartment, this begins with recognition of specific peptides by naïve, antigen-inexperienced T cells that results in their activation, proliferation, and differentiation, which generates an effector population that clears the antigen. Loss of stimulation eventually returns the host to a homeostatic state, with a heterogeneous memory T cell population that persists in the absence of antigen and is primed for rapid responses to a repeat antigen exposure. However, in chronic infections and cancers, continued antigen persistence impedes a successful adaptive immune response and the formation of a stereotypical memory population of T cells is compromised. With repeated antigen stimulation, responding T cells proceed down an altered path of differentiation that allows for antigen persistence, but much less is known regarding the heterogeneity of these cells and the extent to which they can become “memory-like,” with a capacity for self-renewal and recall responses that are characteristic of bona fide memory cells. This review focuses on the differentiation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the context of chronic antigen stimulation, highlighting the central observations in both human and mouse studies regarding the differentiation of memory or “memory-like” T cells. The importance of both the cellular and molecular drivers of memory T cell development are emphasized to better understand the consequences of persisting antigen on T cell fates. Integrating what is known and is common across model systems and patients can instruct future studies aimed at further understanding T cell differentiation and development, with the goal of developing novel methods to direct T cells toward the generation of effective memory populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Hope
- Tumor Microenvironment and Cancer Immunology Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Christopher J Stairiker
- Tumor Microenvironment and Cancer Immunology Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Eun-Ah Bae
- Tumor Microenvironment and Cancer Immunology Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Dennis C Otero
- Tumor Microenvironment and Cancer Immunology Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Linda M Bradley
- Tumor Microenvironment and Cancer Immunology Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
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26
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Prognostic significance of resident CD103 +CD8 +T cells in human colorectal cancer tissues. Acta Histochem 2019; 121:657-663. [PMID: 31153587 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The prognostic significance and clinical implications of resident CD103+CD8+T cells in human colorectal cancer tissues still remains largely unexplored. In our present study, we aimed to characterize the resident CD8+T cells in human colorectal cancer tissues by using double staining of CD103 and CD8, and further evaluated the prognostic significance of resident CD8+T cells in colorectal cancer. We found that the OS rate of the colorectal cancer patients with higher infiltration of CD8+T cells, or with higher numbers of resident CD103+CD8+T cells, or with higher ratio of CD103+CD8+T cells over total CD8+T cells in cancer tissues was significantly better than that of the patients with lower infiltration of CD8+T cells, or with lower numbers of resident CD103+CD8+T cells, or with higher ratio of CD103+CD8+T cells over total CD8+T cells in cancer tissues, respectively. Moreover, higher infiltration of CD8+T cells in colorectal cancer tissues was significantly and inversely correlated with advanced TNM stage. Higher numbers of resident CD103+CD8+T cells in colorectal cancer tissues were significantly and inversely correlated with distant metastasis status. Higher ratio of CD103+CD8+T cells over total CD8+T cells in colorectal cancer tissues was significantly and inversely correlated with age status. The COX model analysis demonstrated that higher infiltration of CD8+T cells, higher numbers of resident CD103+CD8+T cells, or higher ratio of CD103+CD8+T cells over total CD8+T cells in colorectal cancer tissues, could serve as independent prognostic predictors for colorectal cancer patients. Taken together, our present study demonstrated the density of tumor infiltrating CD8+T cells or the numbers of resident CD103+CD8+T cells in colorectal tissues could be used as an important prognostic predictor for this malignancy.
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27
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Park SL, Gebhardt T, Mackay LK. Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells in Cancer Immunosurveillance. Trends Immunol 2019; 40:735-747. [PMID: 31255505 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Following their activation and expansion in response to foreign threats, many T cells are retained in peripheral tissues without recirculating in the blood. These tissue-resident CD8+ memory T (TRM) cells patrol barrier surfaces and nonlymphoid organs, where their critical role in protecting against viral and bacterial infections is well established. Recent evidence suggests that TRM cells also play a vital part in preventing the development and spread of solid tumors. Here, we discuss the emerging role of TRM cells in anticancer immunity. We highlight defining features of tumor-localizing TRM cells, examine the mechanisms through which they have recently been shown to suppress cancer growth, and explore their potential as future targets of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone L Park
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Thomas Gebhardt
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Laura K Mackay
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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28
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Mami-Chouaib F, Tartour E. Editorial: Tissue Resident Memory T Cells. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1018. [PMID: 31191515 PMCID: PMC6546023 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fathia Mami-Chouaib
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Genetic Oncology, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Fac. de Médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Eric Tartour
- INSERM U970, PARCC (Paris Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Paris, France
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29
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Durgeau A, Virk Y, Gros G, Voilin E, Corgnac S, Djenidi F, Salmon J, Adam J, de Montpréville V, Validire P, Ferrone S, Chouaib S, Eggermont A, Soria JC, Lemonnier F, Tartour E, Chaput N, Besse B, Mami-Chouaib F. Human preprocalcitonin self-antigen generates TAP-dependent and -independent epitopes triggering optimised T-cell responses toward immune-escaped tumours. Nat Commun 2018; 9:5097. [PMID: 30504837 PMCID: PMC6269466 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07603-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumours often evade CD8 T-cell immunity by downregulating TAP. T-cell epitopes associated with impaired peptide processing are immunogenic non-mutated neoantigens that emerge during tumour immune evasion. The preprocalcitonin (ppCT)16-25 neoepitope belongs to this category of antigens. Here we show that most human lung tumours display altered expression of TAP and frequently express ppCT self-antigen. We also show that ppCT includes HLA-A2-restricted epitopes that are processed by TAP-independent and -dependent pathways. Processing occurs in either the endoplasmic reticulum, by signal peptidase and signal peptide peptidase, or in the cytosol after release of a signal peptide precursor or retrotranslocation of a procalcitonin substrate by endoplasmic-reticulum-associated degradation. Remarkably, ppCT peptide-based immunotherapy induces efficient T-cell responses toward antigen processing and presenting machinery-impaired tumours transplanted into HLA-A*0201-transgenic mice and in NOD-scid-Il2rγnull mice adoptively transferred with human PBMC. Thus, ppCT-specific T lymphocytes are promising effectors for treatment of tumours that have escaped immune recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Durgeau
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumour Immunology and Genetic Oncology, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Fac. de Médecine, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France.,ElyssaMed, Paris Biotech Santé, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Yasemin Virk
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumour Immunology and Genetic Oncology, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Fac. de Médecine, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Gwendoline Gros
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumour Immunology and Genetic Oncology, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Fac. de Médecine, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Elodie Voilin
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumour Immunology and Genetic Oncology, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Fac. de Médecine, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Stéphanie Corgnac
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumour Immunology and Genetic Oncology, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Fac. de Médecine, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Fayçal Djenidi
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumour Immunology and Genetic Oncology, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Fac. de Médecine, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Jérôme Salmon
- CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) UMR 8122, Gustave Roussy, Faculté de Médecine, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Julien Adam
- INSERM U 981, Gustave Roussy, Faculté de Médecine, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Vincent de Montpréville
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumour Immunology and Genetic Oncology, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Fac. de Médecine, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France.,Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, Centre Chirurgical Marie-Lannelongue, 92350, Le-Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Pierre Validire
- Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Soldano Ferrone
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Salem Chouaib
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumour Immunology and Genetic Oncology, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Fac. de Médecine, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France.,Thumbay Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, 4184, UAE
| | - Alexander Eggermont
- Cancer Institute, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Grand Paris, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Jean-Charles Soria
- Department of Drug Development (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - François Lemonnier
- Département Endocrinologie, Métabolisme et Diabète, Equipe Immunologie des Diabètes, INSERM U1016, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Eric Tartour
- INSERM U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre, Université Paris-Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Service d'Immunologie Biologique, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Chaput
- Laboratory of Immunomonitoring in Oncology, and CNRS-UMS 3655 and INSERM-US23, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Faculté de Pharmacie, University Paris-Sud, F-92296, Chatenay-Malabry, France
| | - Benjamin Besse
- Département de Médecine, Gustave Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Fathia Mami-Chouaib
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumour Immunology and Genetic Oncology, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Fac. de Médecine, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France.
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Molodtsov A, Turk MJ. Tissue Resident CD8 Memory T Cell Responses in Cancer and Autoimmunity. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2810. [PMID: 30555481 PMCID: PMC6281983 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Resident memory (TRM) cells are a distinct tissue-localized T cell lineage that is crucial for protective immunity in peripheral tissues. While a great deal of effort has focused on defining their role in immunity to infections, studies now reveal TRM cells as a vital component of the host immune response to cancer. Characterized by cell-surface molecules including CD103, CD69, and CD49a, TRM-like tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) can be found in a wide range of human cancers, where they portend improved prognosis. Recent studies in mouse tumor models have shown that TRM cells are induced by cancer vaccines delivered in peripheral tissue sites, or by the depletion of regulatory T cells. Such tumor-specific TRM cells are recognized as both necessary and sufficient for long-lived protection against tumors in peripheral tissue locations. TRM responses against tumor/self-antigens can concurrently result in the development of pathogenic TRM responses to self, with a growing number of autoimmune diseases and inflammatory pathologies being attributed to TRM responses. This review will recount the path to discovering the importance of resident memory CD8 T cells as they pertain to cancer immunity. In addition to highlighting key studies that directly implicate TRM cells in anti-tumor immunity, we will highlight earlier work that implicitly suggested their importance. Informed by studies in infectious disease models, and instructed by a clear role for TRM cells in autoimmunity, we will discuss strategies for therapeutically promoting TRM responses in settings where they don't naturally occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksey Molodtsov
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Mary Jo Turk
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States
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Dumauthioz N, Labiano S, Romero P. Tumor Resident Memory T Cells: New Players in Immune Surveillance and Therapy. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2076. [PMID: 30258445 PMCID: PMC6143788 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue resident memory T cells (Trm) are a subset of memory T cells mainly described in inflammation and infection settings. Their location in peripheral tissues, such as lungs, gut, or skin, makes them the earliest T cell population to respond upon antigen recognition or under inflammatory conditions. The study of Trm cells in the field of cancer, and particularly in cancer immunotherapy, has recently gained considerable momentum. Different reports have shown that the vaccination route is critical to promote Trm generation in preclinical cancer models. Cancer vaccines administered directly at the mucosa, frequently result in enhanced Trm formation in mucosal cancers compared to vaccinations via intramuscular or subcutaneous routes. Moreover, the intratumoral presence of T cells expressing the integrin CD103 has been reported to strongly correlate with a favorable prognosis for cancer patients. In spite of recent progress, the full spectrum of Trm anti-tumoral functions still needs to be fully established, particularly in cancer patients, in different clinical contexts. In this mini-review we focus on the recent vaccination strategies aimed at generating Trm cells, as well as evidence supporting their association with patient survival in different cancer types. We believe that collectively, this information provides a strong rationale to target Trm for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Dumauthioz
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Épalinges, Switzerland
| | - Sara Labiano
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Épalinges, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Romero
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Épalinges, Switzerland
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32
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Mami-Chouaib F, Blanc C, Corgnac S, Hans S, Malenica I, Granier C, Tihy I, Tartour E. Resident memory T cells, critical components in tumor immunology. J Immunother Cancer 2018; 6:87. [PMID: 30180905 PMCID: PMC6122734 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-018-0399-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
CD8+ T lymphocytes are the major anti-tumor effector cells. Most cancer immunotherapeutic approaches seek to amplify cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) specific to malignant cells. A recently identified subpopulation of memory CD8+ T cells, named tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells, persists in peripheral tissues and does not recirculate. This T-cell subset is considered an independent memory T-cell lineage with a specific profile of transcription factors, including Runx3+, Notch+, Hobit+, Blimp1+, BATF+, AHR+, EOMESneg and Tbetlow. It is defined by expression of CD103 (αE(CD103)β7) and CD49a (VLA-1 or α1β1) integrins and C-type lectin CD69, which are most likely involved in retention of TRM cells in non-lymphoid tissues, including solid tumors. CD103 binds to the epithelial cell marker E-cadherin, thereby favoring the location and retention of TRM in epithelial tumor regions in close contact with malignant cells. The CD103-E-cadherin interaction is required for polarized exocytosis of lytic granules, in particular, when ICAM-1 expression on cancer cells is missing, leading to target cell death. TRM cells also express high levels of granzyme B, IFNγ and TNFα, supporting their cytotoxic features. Moreover, the local route of immunization targeting tissue dendritic cells (DC), and the presence of environmental factors (i.e. TGF-β, IL-33 and IL-15), promote differentiation of this T-cell subtype. In both spontaneous tumor models and engrafted tumors, natural TRM cells or cancer-vaccine-induced TRM directly control tumor growth. In line with these results, TRM infiltration into various human cancers, including lung cancer, are correlated with better clinical outcome in both univariate and multivariate analyses independently of CD8+ T cells. TRM cells also predominantly express checkpoint receptors such as PD-1, CTLA-4 and Tim-3. Blockade of PD-1 with neutralizing antibodies on TRM cells isolated from human lung cancer promotes cytolytic activity toward autologous tumor cells. Thus, TRM cells appear to represent important components in tumor immune surveillance. Their induction by cancer vaccines or other immunotherapeutic approaches may be critical for the success of these treatments. Several arguments, such as their close contact with tumor cells, dominant expression of checkpoint receptors and their recognition of cancer cells, strongly suggest that they may be involved in the success of immune checkpoint inhibitors in various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fathia Mami-Chouaib
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Genetic Oncology, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Faculté de Médecine, University Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 39, rue Camille Desmoulins, F-94805, Villejuif, France.
| | - Charlotte Blanc
- INSERM U970, Universite Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Hôpital européen Georges Pompidou. Service d'Immunologie biologique, 20, Rue Leblanc, 75015, Paris, France.,Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Corgnac
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Genetic Oncology, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Faculté de Médecine, University Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 39, rue Camille Desmoulins, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Sophie Hans
- INSERM U970, Universite Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Hôpital européen Georges Pompidou. Service d'Immunologie biologique, 20, Rue Leblanc, 75015, Paris, France.,Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Ines Malenica
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Genetic Oncology, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Faculté de Médecine, University Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 39, rue Camille Desmoulins, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Clémence Granier
- INSERM U970, Universite Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Hôpital européen Georges Pompidou. Service d'Immunologie biologique, 20, Rue Leblanc, 75015, Paris, France.,Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Tihy
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Genetic Oncology, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Faculté de Médecine, University Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 39, rue Camille Desmoulins, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Eric Tartour
- INSERM U970, Universite Paris Descartes, Paris, France. .,Hôpital européen Georges Pompidou. Service d'Immunologie biologique, 20, Rue Leblanc, 75015, Paris, France. .,Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Paris, France.
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Corgnac S, Boutet M, Kfoury M, Naltet C, Mami-Chouaib F. The Emerging Role of CD8 + Tissue Resident Memory T (T RM) Cells in Antitumor Immunity: A Unique Functional Contribution of the CD103 Integrin. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1904. [PMID: 30158938 PMCID: PMC6104123 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is aimed at stimulating tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes and their subsequent trafficking so that they may reach, and persist in, the tumor microenvironment, recognizing and eliminating malignant target cells. Thus, characterization of the phenotype and effector functions of CD8+ T lymphocytes infiltrating human solid tumors is essential for better understanding and manipulating the local antitumor immune response, and for defining their contribution to the success of current cancer immunotherapy approaches. Accumulating evidence indicates that a substantial subpopulation of CD3+CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes are tissue resident memory T (TRM) cells, and is emerging as an activated tumor-specific T-cell subset. These TRM cells accumulate in various human cancer tissues, including non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), ovarian and breast cancers, and are defined by expression of CD103 [αE(CD103)β7] and/or CD49a [α1(CD49a)β1] integrins, along with C-type lectin CD69, which most likely contribute to their residency characteristic. CD103 binds to the epithelial cell marker E-cadherin, thereby promoting retention of TRM cells in epithelial tumor islets and maturation of cytotoxic immune synapse with specific cancer cells, resulting in T-cell receptor (TCR)-dependent target cell killing. Moreover, CD103 integrin triggers bidirectional signaling events that cooperate with TCR signals to enable T-cell migration and optimal cytokine production. Remarkably, TRM cells infiltrating human NSCLC tumors also express inhibitory receptors such as programmed cell death-1, the neutralization of which, with blocking antibodies, enhances CD103-dependent TCR-mediated cytotoxicity toward autologous cancer cells. Thus, accumulation of TRM cells at the tumor site explains the more favorable clinical outcome, and might be associated with the success of immune checkpoint blockade in a fraction of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Corgnac
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Genetic Oncology, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Fac. de Médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Marie Boutet
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Genetic Oncology, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Fac. de Médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Maria Kfoury
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Genetic Oncology, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Fac. de Médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Charles Naltet
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Genetic Oncology, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Fac. de Médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Fathia Mami-Chouaib
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Genetic Oncology, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Fac. de Médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
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34
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ITGAE Defines CD8+ Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Predicting a better Prognostic Survival in Colorectal Cancer. EBioMedicine 2018; 35:178-188. [PMID: 30100393 PMCID: PMC6154785 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) in colorectal tumor tissue are significantly correlated with a favorable prognosis, such as CD8+ lymphocytes, which are also called tumor-reactive lymphocytes. However, not all tumor-infiltrating T cells confer benefit to patients. Therefore, it is of substantial benefit to identify a biomarker to demarcate these tumor-reactive lymphocytes. Methods We investigated whether ITGAE could be used to discriminate reactive CD8+ lymphocytes in colorectal cancer (CRC). TCGA colorectal cancer data sets (n1 = 492, n2 = 386) and FUSCC set (n3 = 276) were used in this study. Further phenotyping of ITGAE+ cells and the mechanistic basis were investigated. Findings In the training and testing sets from TCGA, ITGAE expression, which is strongly correlated with cytotoxic T cell markers (CD8/CD3/PD1), independently predicted longer disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). In line with this, the association between ITGAE+ lymphocytes and survival has been confirmed in the FUSCC cohort for validation (P = .026). ITGAE + cells in the series always co-stained with CD8 were preferentially located in the tumor. Interestingly, ITGAE+ lymphocytes tended to associate with the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) with decreased Snail and increased E-cadherin expression accompanied. Finally, gene set enrichment analysis showed that immune activation was significantly enriched in the high ITGAE+ TIL group, accompanied by enriched EMT-related pathways. Interpretation Because of the specified expression of tumor-reactive CD8+ T-cells, ITGAE may be a promising biomarker for the rapid identification of immune infiltration in CRC. ITGAE expression independently predicted longer disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in colorectal cancers. ITGAE could be used to discriminate CD8+ TIL populations
We demonstrate here in colorectal cancers for the first time that ITGAE+ CD8+ lymphocytes infiltration plays a vital role in the antitumor immune response and ITGAE has been identified as a biomarker of tumor-reactive CD8+ TIL. In mechanism, ITGAE+ lymphocytes may even associate with interferon-response chemokines and EMT signaling, then serves as an independent predictor in colorectal cancers.
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35
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Melssen MM, Olson W, Wages NA, Capaldo BJ, Mauldin IS, Mahmutovic A, Hutchison C, Melief CJM, Bullock TN, Engelhard VH, Slingluff CL. Formation and phenotypic characterization of CD49a, CD49b and CD103 expressing CD8 T cell populations in human metastatic melanoma. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1490855. [PMID: 30288359 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1490855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrins α1β1 (CD49a), α2β1 (CD49b) and αEβ7 (CD103) mediate retention of lymphocytes in peripheral tissues, and their expression is upregulated on tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) compared to circulating lymphocytes. Little is known about what induces expression of these retention integrins (RI) nor whether RI define subsets in the tumor microenvironment (TME) with a specific phenotype. Human metastatic melanoma-derived CD8 TIL could be grouped into five subpopulations based on RI expression patterns: RIneg, CD49a+ only, CD49a+CD49b+, CD49a+CD103+, or positive for all three RI. A significantly larger fraction of the CD49a+ only subpopulation expressed multiple effector cytokines, whereas CD49a+CD103+ and CD49a+CD49b+ cells expressed IFNγ only. RIneg and CD49a+CD49b+CD103+ CD8 TIL subsets expressed significantly less effector cytokines overall. Interestingly, however, CD49a+CD49b+CD103+ CD8 expressed lowest CD127, and highest levels of perforin and exhaustion markers PD-1 and Tim3, suggesting selective exhaustion rather than conversion to memory. To gain insight into RI expression induction, normal donor PBMC were cultured with T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation and/or cytokines. TCR stimulation alone induced two RI+ cell populations: CD49a single positive and CD49a+CD49b+ cells. TNFα and IL-2 each were capable of inducing these populations. Addition of TGFβ to TCR stimulation generated two additional populations; CD49a+CD49bnegCD103+ and CD49a+CD49b+CD103+. Taken together, our findings identify opportunities to modulate RI expression in the TME by cytokine therapies and to generate subsets with a specific RI repertoire in the interest of augmenting immune therapies for cancer or for modulating other immune-related diseases such as autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marit M Melssen
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA.,Beirne Carter Center of Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Walter Olson
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Nolan A Wages
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Brian J Capaldo
- Flow Core Cytometry Facility, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Ileana S Mauldin
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Adela Mahmutovic
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Ciara Hutchison
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | | | - Timothy N Bullock
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Victor H Engelhard
- Beirne Carter Center of Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
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36
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Topham DJ, Reilly EC. Tissue-Resident Memory CD8 + T Cells: From Phenotype to Function. Front Immunol 2018; 9:515. [PMID: 29632527 PMCID: PMC5879098 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue-resident memory CD8+ T cells are an important first line of defense from infection in peripheral non-lymphoid tissues, such as the mucosal tissues of the respiratory, digestive, and urogenital tracts. This memory T cell subset is established late during resolution of primary infection of those tissues, has a distinct genetic signature, and is often defined by the cell surface expression of CD69, CD103, CD49a, and CD44 in both mouse and human studies. The stimuli that program or imprint the unique gene expression and cell surface phenotypes on TRM are beginning to be defined, but much work remains to be done. It is not clear, for example, when and where the TRM precursors receive these signals, and there is evidence that supports imprinting in both the lymph node and the peripheral tissue sites. In most studies, expression of CD49a, CD103, and CD69 on T cells in the tissues appears relatively late in the response, suggesting there are precise environmental cues that are not present at the height of the acute response. CD49a and CD103 are not merely biomarkers of TRM, they confer substrate specificities for cell adhesion to collagen and E-cadherin, respectively. Yet, little attention has been paid to how expression affects the positioning of TRM in the peripheral tissues. CD103 and CD49a are not mutually exclusive, and not always co-expressed, although whether they can compensate for one another is unknown. In fact, they may define different subsets of TRM in certain tissues. For instance, while CD49a+CD8+ memory T cells can be found in almost all peripheral tissues, CD103 appears to be more restricted. In this review, we discuss the evidence for how these hallmarks of TRM affect positioning of T cells in peripheral sites, how CD49a and CD103 differ in expression and function, and why they are important for immune protection conferred by TRM in mucosal tissues such as the respiratory tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Topham
- David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Emma C Reilly
- David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
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37
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Gálvez-Cancino F, López E, Menares E, Díaz X, Flores C, Cáceres P, Hidalgo S, Chovar O, Alcántara-Hernández M, Borgna V, Varas-Godoy M, Salazar-Onfray F, Idoyaga J, Lladser A. Vaccination-induced skin-resident memory CD8 + T cells mediate strong protection against cutaneous melanoma. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1442163. [PMID: 29900048 PMCID: PMC5993487 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1442163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Memory CD8+ T cell responses have the potential to mediate long-lasting protection against cancers. Resident memory CD8+ T (Trm) cells stably reside in non-lymphoid tissues and mediate superior innate and adaptive immunity against pathogens. Emerging evidence indicates that Trm cells develop in human solid cancers and play a key role in controlling tumor growth. However, the specific contribution of Trm cells to anti-tumor immunity is incompletely understood. Moreover, clinically applicable vaccination strategies that efficiently establish Trm cell responses remain largely unexplored and are expected to strongly protect against tumors. Here we demonstrated that a single intradermal administration of gene- or protein-based vaccines efficiently induces specific Trm cell responses against models of tumor-specific and self-antigens, which accumulated in vaccinated and distant non-vaccinated skin. Vaccination-induced Trm cells were largely resistant to in vivo intravascular staining and antibody-dependent depletion. Intradermal, but not intraperitoneal vaccination, generated memory precursors expressing skin-homing molecules in circulation and Trm cells in skin. Interestingly, vaccination-induced Trm cell responses strongly suppressed the growth of B16F10 melanoma, independently of circulating memory CD8+ T cells, and were able to infiltrate tumors. This work highlights the therapeutic potential of vaccination-induced Trm cell responses to achieve potent protection against skin malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ernesto López
- Laboratory of Gene Immunotherapy, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Evelyn Menares
- Laboratory of Gene Immunotherapy, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ximena Díaz
- Laboratory of Gene Immunotherapy, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Camila Flores
- Laboratory of Gene Immunotherapy, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Cáceres
- Laboratory of Gene Immunotherapy, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sofía Hidalgo
- Laboratory of Gene Immunotherapy, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ornella Chovar
- Laboratory of Gene Immunotherapy, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Vincenzo Borgna
- Laboratory of Gene Immunotherapy, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Manuel Varas-Godoy
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Flavio Salazar-Onfray
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juliana Idoyaga
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, CA, USA
| | - Alvaro Lladser
- Laboratory of Gene Immunotherapy, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile
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38
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Komdeur FL, Wouters MCA, Workel HH, Tijans AM, Terwindt ALJ, Brunekreeft KL, Plat A, Klip HG, Eggink FA, Leffers N, Helfrich W, Samplonius DF, Bremer E, Wisman GBA, Daemen T, Duiker EW, Hollema H, Nijman HW, de Bruyn M. CD103+ intraepithelial T cells in high-grade serous ovarian cancer are phenotypically diverse TCRαβ+ CD8αβ+ T cells that can be targeted for cancer immunotherapy. Oncotarget 2018; 7:75130-75144. [PMID: 27650547 PMCID: PMC5342728 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
CD103+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) have been linked to specific epithelial infiltration and a prolonged survival in high-grade serous epithelial ovarian cancer (HGSC). However, whether these cells are induced as part of an ongoing anti-HGSC immune response or represent non-specifically expanded resident or mucosal lymphocytes remains largely unknown. In this study, we first confirmed that CD103+ TIL from HGSC were predominantly localized in the cancer epithelium and were strongly correlated with an improved prognosis. We further demonstrate that CD103+ TIL were almost exclusively CD3+ TCRαβ+ CD8αβ+ CD4- T cells, but heterogeneously expressed T cell memory and differentiation markers. Activation of peripheral T cells in the presence of HGSC was sufficient to trigger induction of CD103 in over 90% of all CD8+ cells in a T cell receptor (TCR)- and TGFβR1-dependent manner. Finally, CD103+ TIL isolated from primary HGSC showed signs of recent activation and dominantly co-expressed key immunotherapeutic targets PD-1 and CD27. Taken together, our data indicate CD103+ TIL in HGSC are formed as the result of an adaptive anti-tumor immune response that might be reactivated by (dual) checkpoint inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenne L Komdeur
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Netherlands
| | - Maartje C A Wouters
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Medical Microbiology, The Netherlands
| | - Hagma H Workel
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Netherlands
| | - Aline M Tijans
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Netherlands
| | - Anouk L J Terwindt
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Netherlands
| | - Kim L Brunekreeft
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Netherlands
| | - Annechien Plat
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Netherlands
| | - Harry G Klip
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Netherlands
| | - Florine A Eggink
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Netherlands
| | - Ninke Leffers
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Netherlands
| | - Wijnand Helfrich
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Surgery, The Netherlands
| | - Douwe F Samplonius
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Surgery, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Bremer
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Surgery, The Netherlands
| | - G Bea A Wisman
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Netherlands
| | - Toos Daemen
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Medical Microbiology, The Netherlands
| | - Evelien W Duiker
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology, The Netherlands
| | - Harry Hollema
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology, The Netherlands
| | - Hans W Nijman
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Netherlands
| | - Marco de Bruyn
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Netherlands
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Hardenberg JHB, Braun A, Schön MP. A Yin and Yang in Epithelial Immunology: The Roles of the α E(CD103)β 7 Integrin in T Cells. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 138:23-31. [PMID: 28941625 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The proper function(s) of cell-surface receptors is crucial for the regulation of adaptive immune responses. One such receptor is the αE(CD103)β7 integrin, whose history in science is closely linked with the evolution of our knowledge of immune regulation. Initially described as a marker of intraepithelial T-lymphocytes, this leukocyte integrin is now seen as a dynamically regulated receptor involved in the functional differentiation of some cytotoxic T cells as well as regulatory T cells, thus presumably contributing to the fine-tuning of immune reactions in epithelial compartments. In this brief overview, we delineate our current view on αE(CD103)β7 in T-cell-mediated immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Hendrik B Hardenberg
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Braun
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational Dermatology, University Medical Center Göttingen and University of Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Michael P Schön
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational Dermatology, University Medical Center Göttingen and University of Osnabrück, Germany.
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Onion D, Isherwood M, Shridhar N, Xenophontos M, Craze ML, Day LJ, García-Márquez MA, Pineda RG, Reece-Smith AM, Saunders JH, Duffy JP, Argent RH, Grabowska AM. Multicomponent analysis of the tumour microenvironment reveals low CD8 T cell number, low stromal caveolin-1 and high tenascin-C and their combination as significant prognostic markers in non-small cell lung cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 9:1760-1771. [PMID: 29416729 PMCID: PMC5788597 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The complex interplay of the tumour microenvironment (TME) and its role in disease progression and response to therapy is poorly understood. The majority of studies to date focus on individual components or molecules within the TME and so lack the power correlative analysis. Here we have performed a multi-parameter analysis of the TME in 62 resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) specimens detailing number and location of immune infiltrate, assessing markers of cancer-associated fibroblasts, caveolin-1 and tenascin-C, and correlating with clinicopathological details, as well as markers of disease progression such as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The influence of individual parameters on overall survival was determined in univariate and multivariate analysis and the combination of risk factors and interplay between components analysed. Low numbers of CD8 T cells, low stromal levels of caveolin-1 or high levels of tenascin-C were significant prognostic markers of decreased overall survival in both univariate and multivariate analysis. Patients with two or more risk factors had dramatically reduced overall survival and those with all three a median survival of just 7.5 months. In addition, low levels of tumour E-cadherin correlated with reduced immune infiltrate into the tumour nests, possibly linking EMT to the avoidance of CD8 T cell control. The multicomponent approach has allowed identification of the dominant influences on overall survival, and exploration of the interplay between different components of the TME in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Onion
- Ex Vivo Cancer Pharmacology Centre of Excellence, Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,University of Nottingham Flow Cytometry Facility, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Mark Isherwood
- Ex Vivo Cancer Pharmacology Centre of Excellence, Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Naveen Shridhar
- Ex Vivo Cancer Pharmacology Centre of Excellence, Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Mikalena Xenophontos
- Ex Vivo Cancer Pharmacology Centre of Excellence, Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Madeleine L Craze
- Ex Vivo Cancer Pharmacology Centre of Excellence, Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Laura J Day
- Ex Vivo Cancer Pharmacology Centre of Excellence, Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - María A García-Márquez
- Ex Vivo Cancer Pharmacology Centre of Excellence, Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Robert G Pineda
- Ex Vivo Cancer Pharmacology Centre of Excellence, Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Alexander M Reece-Smith
- Ex Vivo Cancer Pharmacology Centre of Excellence, Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - John H Saunders
- Ex Vivo Cancer Pharmacology Centre of Excellence, Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - John P Duffy
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nottingham University NHS Trust, City Hospital Campus, Nottingham, UK
| | - Richard H Argent
- Ex Vivo Cancer Pharmacology Centre of Excellence, Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Anna M Grabowska
- Ex Vivo Cancer Pharmacology Centre of Excellence, Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Combined Immunoscore of CD103 and CD3 Identifies Long-Term Survivors in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2017; 26:671-9. [PMID: 26905331 DOI: 10.1097/igc.0000000000000672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Increased numbers of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) are associated with improved clinical outcome. Intraepithelial localization of TILs might be regulated by specific homing receptors, such as CD103, which is widely expressed by intraepithelial lymphocytes. Given the emerging role of CD103 TILs, we aimed to assess their contribution to the prognostic value of immunoscoring in HGSC. METHODS The density of intratumoral CD3 and CD103 lymphocytes was examined by immunohistochemistry on a tissue microarray of a series of 135 patients with advanced HGSC and correlated with CD4, CD8, CD56, FoxP3, and TCRγ T-cell counts, as well as E-cadherin staining and conventional prognostic parameters and clinical outcome. RESULTS Both the presence of CD103 cells, as well as high numbers of intraepithelial CD3 lymphocytes (CD3E), showed a significant correlation with overall survival, in the complete series, as well as in patients with optimal debulking and/or platinum sensitivity. Combining CD3 and CD103 counts improved prognostication and identified 3 major subgroups with respect to overall survival. The most pronounced effect was demonstrated for patients with optimally resected and platinum-sensitive tumors. Patients with CD3/CD103 tumors showed a 5-year survival rate at 90%, CD3/CD103 at 63%, and CD3/CD103 at 0% (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that combined assessment of CD103 and CD3 counts improves the prognostic value of TIL counts in HGSC and might identify patients with early relapse or long-term survival based on the type and extent of the immune response.
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Murray T, Fuertes Marraco SA, Baumgaertner P, Bordry N, Cagnon L, Donda A, Romero P, Verdeil G, Speiser DE. Very Late Antigen-1 Marks Functional Tumor-Resident CD8 T Cells and Correlates with Survival of Melanoma Patients. Front Immunol 2016; 7:573. [PMID: 28018343 PMCID: PMC5150229 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A major limiting factor in the success of immunotherapy is tumor infiltration by CD8+ T cells, a process that remains poorly understood. In the present study, we characterized homing receptors expressed by human melanoma-specific CD8+ T cells. Our data reveal that P-selectin binding and expression of the retention integrin, very late antigen (VLA)-1, by vaccine-induced T cells correlate with longer patient survival. Furthermore, we demonstrate that CD8+VLA-1+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are highly enriched in melanoma metastases in diverse tissues. VLA-1-expressing TIL frequently co-express CD69 and CD103, indicating tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) differentiation. We employed a mouse model of melanoma to further characterize VLA-1-expressing TIL. Our data show that VLA-1+ TRM develop in murine tumors within 2 weeks, where they exhibit increased activation status, as well as superior effector functions. In addition, in vivo blockade of either VLA-1 or CD103 significantly impaired control of subcutaneous tumors. Together, our data indicate that VLA-1+ TRM develop in tumors and play an important role in tumor immunity, presenting novel targets for the optimization of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Murray
- Ludwig Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | | | - Petra Baumgaertner
- Ludwig Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Natacha Bordry
- Ludwig Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Laurène Cagnon
- Ludwig Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Alena Donda
- Ludwig Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Pedro Romero
- Ludwig Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Grégory Verdeil
- Ludwig Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Daniel E Speiser
- Ludwig Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne , Lausanne , Switzerland
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Lacalle RA, Blanco R, Carmona-Rodríguez L, Martín-Leal A, Mira E, Mañes S. Chemokine Receptor Signaling and the Hallmarks of Cancer. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 331:181-244. [PMID: 28325212 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2016.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The chemokines are a family of chemotactic cytokines that mediate their activity by acting on seven-transmembrane-spanning G protein-coupled receptors. Both the ability of the chemokines and their receptors to form homo- and heterodimers and the promiscuity of the chemokine-chemokine receptor interaction endow this protein family with enormous signaling plasticity and complexity that are not fully understood at present. Chemokines were initially identified as essential regulators of homeostatic and inflammatory trafficking of innate and adaptive leucocytes from lymphoid organs to tissues. Chemokines also mediate the host response to cancer. Nevertheless, chemokine function in this response is not limited to regulating leucocyte infiltration into the tumor microenvironment. It is now known that chemokines and their receptors influence most-if not all-hallmark processes of cancer; they act on both neoplastic and untransformed cells in the tumor microenvironment, including fibroblasts, endothelial cells (blood and lymphatic), bone marrow-derived stem cells, and, obviously, infiltrating leucocytes. This review begins with an overview of chemokine and chemokine receptor structure, to better define how chemokines affect the proliferation, survival, stemness, and metastatic potential of neoplastic cells. We also examine the main mechanisms by which chemokines regulate tumor angiogenesis and immune cell infiltration, emphasizing the pro- and antitumorigenic activity of this protein superfamily in these interrelated processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Lacalle
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Blanco
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - A Martín-Leal
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Mira
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Mañes
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
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Workel HH, Komdeur FL, Wouters MC, Plat A, Klip HG, Eggink FA, Wisman GBA, Arts HJ, Oonk MH, Mourits MJ, Yigit R, Versluis M, Duiker EW, Hollema H, de Bruyn M, Nijman HW. CD103 defines intraepithelial CD8+ PD1+ tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes of prognostic significance in endometrial adenocarcinoma. Eur J Cancer 2016; 60:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2016.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Boutet M, Gauthier L, Leclerc M, Gros G, de Montpreville V, Théret N, Donnadieu E, Mami-Chouaib F. TGFβ Signaling Intersects with CD103 Integrin Signaling to Promote T-Lymphocyte Accumulation and Antitumor Activity in the Lung Tumor Microenvironment. Cancer Res 2016; 76:1757-69. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-1545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Webb JR, Milne K, Nelson BH. PD-1 and CD103 Are Widely Coexpressed on Prognostically Favorable Intraepithelial CD8 T Cells in Human Ovarian Cancer. Cancer Immunol Res 2015; 3:926-35. [DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-14-0239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Djenidi F, Adam J, Goubar A, Durgeau A, Meurice G, de Montpréville V, Validire P, Besse B, Mami-Chouaib F. CD8+CD103+ Tumor–Infiltrating Lymphocytes Are Tumor-Specific Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells and a Prognostic Factor for Survival in Lung Cancer Patients. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 194:3475-86. [PMID: 25725111 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1402711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 421] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fayçal Djenidi
- INSERM Unité 1186, 94805 Villejuif, France; Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Sud, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Julien Adam
- Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Sud, 91400 Orsay, France; INSERM Unité 981, Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Aïcha Goubar
- Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Sud, 91400 Orsay, France; INSERM Unité 981, Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Aurélie Durgeau
- INSERM Unité 1186, 94805 Villejuif, France; Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Sud, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Guillaume Meurice
- Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Sud, 91400 Orsay, France; Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, Plateforme de Bioinformatique, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Vincent de Montpréville
- INSERM Unité 1186, 94805 Villejuif, France; Centre Chirurgical Marie-Lannelongue, Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, 92350 Le-Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Pierre Validire
- Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, 75014 Paris, France; and
| | - Benjamin Besse
- Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Sud, 91400 Orsay, France; Département de Médecine, Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, 95805 Villejuif, France
| | - Fathia Mami-Chouaib
- INSERM Unité 1186, 94805 Villejuif, France; Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Sud, 91400 Orsay, France;
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Sharma RK, Chheda ZS, Jala VR, Haribabu B. Regulation of cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte trafficking to tumors by chemoattractants: implications for immunotherapy. Expert Rev Vaccines 2014; 14:537-49. [PMID: 25482400 DOI: 10.1586/14760584.2015.982101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has recently emerged as an important treatment modality. FDA approval of provenge, ipilimumab and pembrolizumab has started to deliver on the long awaited promise of cancer immunotherapy. Many new modalities of immunotherapies targeting cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) responses, such as adoptive cell therapies and vaccines, are in advanced clinical trials. In all these immunotherapies, migration of CTLs to the tumor site is a critical step for achieving therapeutic efficacy. However, inefficient infiltration of activated CTLs into established tumors is increasingly being recognized as one of the major hurdles limiting efficacy. Mechanisms that control migration of CTLs to tumors are poorly defined. In this review, the authors discuss the chemoattractants and their receptors that have been implicated in endogenous- or immunotherapy-induced CTL recruitment to tumors and the potential for targeting these pathways for therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh K Sharma
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville Health Sciences, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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Hadley GA, Higgins JMG. Integrin αEβ7: molecular features and functional significance in the immune system. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2014; 819:97-110. [PMID: 25023170 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-9153-3_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Alpha E beta 7 (αEβ7) is an α-I domain-containing integrin that is highly expressed by a variety of leukocyte populations at mucosal sites including intraepithelial T cells, dendritic cells, mast cells, and T regulatory cells (Treg). Expression depends largely or solely on transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) isoforms. The best characterized ligand for αEβ7 is E-cadherin on epithelial cells, though there is evidence of a second ligand in the human system. An exposed acidic residue on the distal aspect of E-cadherin domain 1 interacts with the MIDAS site in the αE α-I domain. By binding to E-cadherin, αEβ7 contributes to mucosal specific retention of leukocytes within epithelia. Studies on αE knockout mice have identified an additional important function for this integrin in allograft rejection and have also indicated that it may have a role in immunoregulation. Recent studies point to a multifaceted role for αEβ7 in regulating both innate and acquired immune responses to foreign antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregg A Hadley
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA,
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50
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Chen SC, Su YC, Lu YT, Ko PCI, Chang PY, Lin HJ, Ho HN, Lai YP. Defects in the acquisition of tumor-killing capability of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109961. [PMID: 25390652 PMCID: PMC4229103 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidences have shown that diabetes mellitus not only raises risk but also heightens mortality rate of cancer. It is not clear, however, whether antitumor CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response is down-modulated in diabetic hosts. We investigated the impact of hyperglycemia on CTLs' acquisition of tumor-killing capability by utilizing streptozotocin-induced diabetic (STZ-diabetic) mice. Murine diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of STZ (200 mg/kg) in C57BL/6 mice, 2C-T cell receptor (TCR) transgenic and P14-TCR transgenic mice. The study found that, despite harboring intact proliferative capacity measured with CFSE labeling and MTT assay, STZ-diabetic CD8+ CTLs displayed impaired effector functions. After stimulation, STZ-diabetic CD8+ CTLs produced less perforin and TNFα assessed by intracellular staining, as well as expressed less CD103 protein. Furthermore, adoptive transfer of STZ-diabetic P14 CD8+ effector cells showed an insufficient recruitment to the B16.gp33 melanoma and inadequate production of perforin, granzyme B and TNFα determined by immunohistochemistry in the tumor milieu. As a result, STZ-diabetic CD8+ effector cells were neither able to eliminate tumor nor to improve survival of tumor-bearing mice. Taken together, our data suggest that CD8+ CTLs are crippled to infiltrate into tumors and thus fail to acquire tumor-killing capability in STZ-diabetic hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ching Chen
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chia Su
- National Laboratory Animal Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ting Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Patrick Chow-In Ko
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yu Chang
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Ju Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Nerng Ho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yo-Ping Lai
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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