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Gavil NV, Cheng K, Masopust D. Resident memory T cells and cancer. Immunity 2024; 57:1734-1751. [PMID: 39142275 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells positively correlate with cancer survival, but the anti-tumor mechanisms underlying this relationship are not understood. This review reconciles these observations, summarizing concepts of T cell immunosurveillance, fundamental TRM cell biology, and clinical observations on the role of TRM cells in cancer and immunotherapy outcomes. We also discuss emerging strategies that utilize TRM-phenotype cells for patient diagnostics, staging, and therapy. Current challenges are highlighted, including a lack of standardized T cell nomenclature and our limited understanding of relationships between T cell markers and underlying tumor biology. Existing findings are integrated into a summary of the field while emphasizing opportunities for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Veis Gavil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Katarina Cheng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - David Masopust
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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2
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Wiendl M, Dedden M, Liu LJ, Schweda A, Paap EM, Ullrich KAM, Hartmann L, Wieser L, Vitali F, Atreya I, Müller TM, Günther C, Atreya R, Neurath MF, Zundler S. Etrolizumab-s fails to control E-Cadherin-dependent co-stimulation of highly activated cytotoxic T cells. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1043. [PMID: 38310086 PMCID: PMC10838339 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45352-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite promising preclinical and earlier clinical data, a recent phase III trial on the anti-β7 integrin antibody etrolizumab in Crohn's disease (CD) did not reach its primary endpoint. The mechanisms leading to this outcome are not well understood. Here we characterize the β7+ T cell compartment from patients with CD in comparison to cells from individuals without inflammatory bowel disease. By flow cytometric, transcriptomic and functional profiling of circulating T cells, we find that triple-integrin-expressing (α4+β7+β1hi) T cells have the potential to home to the gut despite α4β7 blockade and have a specific cytotoxic signature. A subset of triple-integrin-expressing cells readily acquires αE expression and could be co-stimulated via E-Cadherin-αEβ7 interactions in vitro. Etrolizumab-s fails to block such αEβ7 signalling at high levels of T cell stimulation. Consistently, in CD patients treated with etrolizumab, T cell activation correlates with cytotoxic signatures. Collectively, our findings might add one important piece to the puzzle to explain phase III trial results with etrolizumab, while they also highlight that αEβ7 remains an interesting target for future therapeutic approaches in inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Wiendl
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mark Dedden
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Li-Juan Liu
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anna Schweda
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Paap
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karen A-M Ullrich
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Leonie Hartmann
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Luisa Wieser
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Francesco Vitali
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Imke Atreya
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tanja M Müller
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Claudia Günther
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Raja Atreya
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zundler
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
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3
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Wang X, Jin Y, Xu L, Tao S, Wu Y, Ao C. Integrating Single-Cell RNA-Seq and Bulk RNA-Seq to Construct a Novel γδT Cell-Related Prognostic Signature for Human Papillomavirus-Infected Cervical Cancer. Cancer Control 2024; 31:10732748241274228. [PMID: 39206965 PMCID: PMC11363054 DOI: 10.1177/10732748241274228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gamma delta (γδ) T cells play dual roles in human tumors, with both antitumor and tumor-promoting functions. However, the role of γδT cells in HPV-infected cervical cancer is still undetermined. Therefore, we aimed to identify γδT cell-related prognostic signatures in the cervical tumor microenvironment. METHODS Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data, bulk RNA-seq data, and corresponding clinical information of cervical cancer patients were obtained from the TCGA and GEO databases. The Seurat R package was used for single-cell analysis, and machine learning algorithms were used to screen and construct a γδT cell-related prognostic signature. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was performed to detect the expression of prognostic signature genes. RESULTS Single-cell analysis indicated distinct populations of γδT cells between HPV-positive (HPV+) and HPV-negative (HPV-) cervical cancers. A trajectory analysis indicated γδT cells clustered into differential clusters with the pseudotime. High-dimensional Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (hdWGCNA) identified the key γδT cell-related gene modules. Bulk RNA-seq analysis also demonstrated the heterogeneity of immune cells, and the γδT-score was positively associated with inflammatory response and negatively associated with MYC stemness. Eight γδT cell-related hub genes (GTRGs), including ITGAE, IKZF3, LSP1, NEDD9, CLEC2D, RBPJ, TRBC2, and OXNAD1, were selected and validated as a prognostic signature for cervical cancer. CONCLUSION We identified γδT cell-related prognostic signatures that can be considered independent factors for survival prediction in cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochuan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Kunming, China
| | - Yichao Jin
- Department of Dermatology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Kunming, China
| | - Liangheng Xu
- Department of Dermatology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Kunming, China
| | - Sizhen Tao
- Department of Dermatology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Kunming, China
| | - Yifei Wu
- Department of Dermatology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Kunming, China
| | - Chunping Ao
- Department of Dermatology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Kunming, China
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4
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Tang R, Wang H, Tang M. Roles of tissue-resident immune cells in immunotherapy of non-small cell lung cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1332814. [PMID: 38130725 PMCID: PMC10733439 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1332814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common and lethal type of lung cancer, with limited treatment options and poor prognosis. Immunotherapy offers hope for improving the survival and quality of life of NSCLC patients, but its efficacy depends on the tumor immune microenvironment (TME). Tissue-resident immune cells are a subset of immune cells that reside in various tissues and organs, and play an important role in fighting tumors. In NSCLC, tissue-resident immune cells are heterogeneous in their distribution, phenotype, and function, and can either promote or inhibit tumor progression and response to immunotherapy. In this review, we summarize the current understanding on the characteristics, interactions, and roles of tissue-resident immune cells in NSCLC. We also discuss the potential applications of tissue-resident immune cells in NSCLC immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), other immunomodulatory agents, and personalized cell-based therapies. We highlight the challenges and opportunities for developing targeted therapies for tissue-resident immune cells and optimizing existing immunotherapeutic approaches for NSCLC patients. We propose that tissue-resident immune cells are a key determinant of NSCLC outcome and immunotherapy response, and warrant further investigation in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Tang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Haitao Wang
- The School of Clinical Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Sichuan, Luzhou, China
| | - Mingxi Tang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pathology, Yaan People's Hospital (Yaan Hospital of West China Hospital of Sichuan University), Yaan, Sichuan, China
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Shi F, Tang S, Chen D, Mo F, Li J, Fang C, Wei H, Xing J, Liu L, Gong Y, Tan Z, Zhang Z, Pan X, Zhao S, Huang J. Immunological characteristics of CD103 +CD8 + Tc cells in the liver of C57BL/6 mouse infected with plasmodium NSM. Parasitol Res 2023; 122:2513-2524. [PMID: 37707607 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-07950-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
CD103 is an important marker of tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) which play important roles in fighting against infection. However, the immunological characteristics of CD103+ T cells are not thoroughly elucidated in the liver of mouse infected with Plasmodium. Six- to eight-week-old C57BL/6 mice were infected with Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis NSM. Mice were sacrificed on 12-16 days after infection and the livers were picked out. Sections of the livers were stained, and serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels were measured. Moreover, lymphocytes in the liver were isolated, and the expression of CD103 was determined by using qPCR. The percentage of CD103 on different immune cell populations was dynamically observed by using flow cytometry (FCM). In addition, the phenotype and cytokine production characteristics of CD103+CD8+ Tc cell were analyzed by using flow cytometry, respectively. Erythrocyte stage plasmodium infection could result in severe hepatic damage, a widespread inflammatory response and the decrease of CD103 expression on hepatic immune cells. Only CD8+ Tc and γδT cells expressed higher levels of CD103 in the uninfected state.CD103 expression in CD8+ Tc cells significantly decreased after infection. Compared to that of CD103- CD8+ Tc cells, CD103+ CD8+ Tc cells from the infected mice expressed lower level of CD69, higher level of CD62L, and secreted more IL-4, IL-10, IL-17, and secreted less IFN-γ. CD103+CD8+ Tc cells might mediate the hepatic immune response by secreting IL-4, IL-10, and IL-17 except IFN-γ in the mice infected with the erythrocytic phase plasmodium, which could be involved in the pathogenesis of severe liver damage resulted from the erythrocytic phase plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis NSM infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feihu Shi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- China Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanni Tang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- China Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dianhui Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- China Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Mo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- China Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiajie Li
- China Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao Fang
- China Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haixia Wei
- China Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junmin Xing
- China Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Liu
- China Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yumei Gong
- China Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengrong Tan
- China Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziqi Zhang
- China Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingfei Pan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Shan Zhao
- China Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jun Huang
- China Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Aquino A, Bianchi N, Terrazzan A, Franzese O. Protein Kinase C at the Crossroad of Mutations, Cancer, Targeted Therapy and Immune Response. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1047. [PMID: 37626933 PMCID: PMC10451643 DOI: 10.3390/biology12081047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The frequent PKC dysregulations observed in many tumors have made these enzymes natural targets for anticancer applications. Nevertheless, this considerable interest in the development of PKC modulators has not led to the expected therapeutic benefits, likely due to the complex biological activities regulated by PKC isoenzymes, often playing ambiguous and protective functions, further driven by the occurrence of mutations. The structure, regulation and functions of PKCs have been extensively covered in other publications. Herein, we focused on PKC alterations mostly associated with complete functional loss. We also addressed the modest yet encouraging results obtained targeting PKC in selected malignancies and the more frequent negative clinical outcomes. The reported observations advocate the need for more selective molecules and a better understanding of the involved pathways. Furthermore, we underlined the most relevant immune mechanisms controlled by PKC isoforms potentially impacting the immune checkpoint inhibitor blockade-mediated immune recovery. We believe that a comprehensive examination of the molecular features of the tumor microenvironment might improve clinical outcomes by tailoring PKC modulation. This approach can be further supported by the identification of potential response biomarkers, which may indicate patients who may benefit from the manipulation of distinctive PKC isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Aquino
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Nicoletta Bianchi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (N.B.); (A.T.)
| | - Anna Terrazzan
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (N.B.); (A.T.)
- Laboratory for Advanced Therapy Technologies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Ornella Franzese
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
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Damei I, Trickovic T, Mami-Chouaib F, Corgnac S. Tumor-resident memory T cells as a biomarker of the response to cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1205984. [PMID: 37545498 PMCID: PMC10399960 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1205984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) often include a substantial subset of CD8+ tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells enriched in tumor-specific T cells. These TRM cells play a major role in antitumor immune response. They are identified on the basis of their expression of the CD103 (αE(CD103)β7) and/or CD49a (α1(CD49a)β1) integrins, and the C-type lectin CD69, which are involved in tissue residency. TRM cells express several T-cell inhibitory receptors on their surface but they nevertheless react strongly to malignant cells, exerting a strong cytotoxic function, particularly in the context of blocking interactions of PD-1 with PD-L1 on target cells. These TRM cells form stable conjugates with autologous tumor cells and interact with dendritic cells and other T cells within the tumor microenvironment to orchestrate an optimal in situ T-cell response. There is growing evidence to indicate that TGF-β is essential for the formation and maintenance of TRM cells in the tumor, through the induction of CD103 expression on activated CD8+ T cells, and for the regulation of TRM effector functions through bidirectional integrin signaling. CD8+ TRM cells were initially described as a prognostic marker for survival in patients with various types of cancer, including ovarian, lung and breast cancers and melanoma. More recently, these tumor-resident CD8+ T cells have been shown to be a potent predictive biomarker of the response of cancer patients to immunotherapies, including therapeutic cancer vaccines and immune checkpoint blockade. In this review, we will highlight the major characteristics of tumor TRM cell populations and the possibilities for their exploitation in the design of more effective immunotherapy strategies for cancer.
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Gavil NV, Scott MC, Weyu E, Smith OC, O’Flanagan SD, Wijeyesinghe S, Lotfi-Emran S, Shiao SL, Vezys V, Masopust D. Chronic antigen in solid tumors drives a distinct program of T cell residence. Sci Immunol 2023; 8:eadd5976. [PMID: 37267383 PMCID: PMC10569081 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.add5976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Analyses of healthy tissue reveal signatures that identify resident memory CD8+ T cells (TRM), which survey tissues without recirculating. The density of TRM phenotype cells within solid tumors correlates favorably with prognosis, suggesting that intratumoral residents control cancer. However, residence has not been directly tested, and intratumoral TRM phenotype cells could instead reflect aspects of the microenvironment that correlate with prognosis. Using a breast cancer model in mice, we found that conventional TRM markers do not inform the tumor residence of either bystander or tumor-specific cells, which exhibit further distinct phenotypes in the tumor microenvironment and healthy mammary tissue. Rather, tumor-specific, stem progenitor CD8+ T cells migrate to tumors and become resident while acquiring select markers of exhaustion. These data indicate that tonic antigen stimulation and the tumor environment drive distinct programs of residence compared with healthy tissues and that tumor immunity is sustained by continued migration of tumor-specific stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah V. Gavil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School; Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School; Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Milcah C. Scott
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School; Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School; Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Eyob Weyu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School; Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School; Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Olivia C. Smith
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School; Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School; Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Stephen D. O’Flanagan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School; Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School; Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Sathi Wijeyesinghe
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School; Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School; Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Sahar Lotfi-Emran
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School; Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School; Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Stephen L. Shiao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center; Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Vaiva Vezys
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School; Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School; Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - David Masopust
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School; Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School; Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Zhou Q, Ou Y, Dai X, Chen X, Wu S, Chen W, Hu M, Yang C, Zhang L, Jiang H. Prevalence of tumour-infiltrating CD103 + cells identifies therapeutic-sensitive prostate cancer with poor clinical outcome. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:1466-1477. [PMID: 36759726 PMCID: PMC10070496 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02183-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical significance and immune correlation of CD103+ cells in prostate cancer (PCa) remain explored. METHODS In total, 1080 patients with PCa underwent radical prostatectomy from three cohorts were enrolled for retrospective analysis. Tumour microarrays were constructed and fresh tumour samples were analysed by flow cytometry. RESULTS High CD103+ cell infiltration correlated with reduced biochemical recurrence (BCR)-free survival in PCa. Adjuvant hormone therapy (HT) prolonged the BCR-free survival for high-risk node-negative diseases with CD103+ cell abundance. CD103+ cell infiltration correlated with less cytotoxic expression and increased infiltration of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, M1 macrophages and mast cells in PCa. Intratumoral CD8+ T cell was the predominant source of CD103, and the CD103+ subset of CD8+ T cells was featured with high IL-10, PD-1 and CTLA-4 expression. Tumour-infiltrating CD103+ CD8+ T cells exerted anti-tumour function when treated with HT ex vivo. DISCUSSION CD103+ cell infiltration predicted BCR-free survival and response to adjuvant HT in PCa. CD103+ cell infiltration correlated with an enriched but immune-evasive immune landscape. The study supported a model that CD103 expression conferred negative prognostic impact and immunosuppressive function to tumour-infiltrating CD8+ T cells, while the CD103+ CD8+ T cells exhibited a powerful anti-tumour immunity with response to HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Zhou
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxi Ou
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiyu Dai
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinan Chen
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Siqi Wu
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wensun Chen
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengbo Hu
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Limin Zhang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Haowen Jiang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Urology, Jing'an District Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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10
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Melssen MM, Sheybani ND, Leick KM, Slingluff CL. Barriers to immune cell infiltration in tumors. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:jitc-2022-006401. [PMID: 37072352 PMCID: PMC10124321 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-006401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased immune cell infiltration into tumors is associated with improved patient survival and predicts response to immune therapies. Thus, identification of factors that determine the extent of immune infiltration is crucial, so that methods to intervene on these targets can be developed. T cells enter tumor tissues through the vasculature, and under control of interactions between homing receptors on the T cells and homing receptor ligands (HRLs) expressed by tumor vascular endothelium and tumor cell nests. HRLs are often deficient in tumors, and there also may be active barriers to infiltration. These remain understudied but may be crucial for enhancing immune-mediated cancer control. Multiple intratumoral and systemic therapeutic approaches show promise to enhance T cell infiltration, including both approved therapies and experimental therapies. This review highlights the intracellular and extracellular determinants of immune cell infiltration into tumors, barriers to infiltration, and approaches for intervention to enhance infiltration and response to immune therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marit M Melssen
- Immunology, Genetics & Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Natasha D Sheybani
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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11
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Xiao Y, Mao L, Yang QC, Wang S, Wu ZZ, Wan SC, Zhang MJ, Sun ZJ. CD103 blockade impair anti-CTLA-4 immunotherapy in oral cancer. Oral Oncol 2023; 138:106331. [PMID: 36753904 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2023.106331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES CD103+CD8+T cells is a subtype of T cells with excellent tumor killing ability and it could response to immune checkpoint blockade therapy in several types of cancer, but the phenotype, role and molecular mechanism CD103+CD8+T cells in the OSCC still unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS The distribution and phenotype of CD103+CD8+T cells were investigated by performing multiplexed immunohistochemistry on human OSCC tissue microarray and flow cytometric analysis of fresh OSCC tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). By in vivo use of anti-CD103 monoclonal antibody (mAb) in the 4MOSC1 tumor-bearing mouse model, CD103+CD8+T cell infiltration and cytotoxicity was clarified. RESULTS The majority of CD8+T cells in both human and animal OSCC intra-tumoral region were CD103+CD8+T cells with high expression levels of cytotoxic molecules, which can be impaired by CD103 blockade. In addition, combined use of anti-CD103 mAb with anti-CTLA-4 mAb displayed impaired immune checkpoint blockade therapy efficiency. CONCLUSION CD103+CD8+T cells are the major intra-tumoral subset of CD8+T cells in both animal and human OSCC, and that CD103+CD8+T cells demonstrate remarkable tumor-infiltrating and tumor-killing properties, thereby CD103+CD8+T cells may critical for anti-CTLA-4 immunotherapy in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Xiao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Liang Mao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Qi-Chao Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Zhi-Zhong Wu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Shu-Cheng Wan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Meng-Jie Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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12
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Avila JP, Carvalho BM, Coimbra EC. A Comprehensive View of the Cancer-Immunity Cycle (CIC) in HPV-Mediated Cervical Cancer and Prospects for Emerging Therapeutic Opportunities. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:1333. [PMID: 36831674 PMCID: PMC9954575 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide, with more than 500,000 new cases each year and a mortality rate of around 55%. Over 80% of these deaths occur in developing countries. The most important risk factor for CC is persistent infection by a sexually transmitted virus, the human papillomavirus (HPV). Conventional treatments to eradicate this type of cancer are accompanied by high rates of resistance and a large number of side effects. Hence, it is crucial to devise novel effective therapeutic strategies. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have aimed to develop immunotherapeutic methods for treating cancer. However, these strategies have not proven to be effective enough to combat CC. This means there is a need to investigate immune molecular targets. An adaptive immune response against cancer has been described in seven key stages or steps defined as the cancer-immunity cycle (CIC). The CIC begins with the release of antigens by tumor cells and ends with their destruction by cytotoxic T-cells. In this paper, we discuss several molecular alterations found in each stage of the CIC of CC. In addition, we analyze the evidence discovered, the molecular mechanisms and their relationship with variables such as histological subtype and HPV infection, as well as their potential impact for adopting novel immunotherapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eliane Campos Coimbra
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Pernambuco (ICB/UPE), Rua Arnóbio Marques, 310, Santo Amaro, Recife 50100-130, PE, Brazil
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13
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Habib JG, Liu D, Crepeau RM, Wagener ME, Ford ML. Selective CD28 blockade impacts T cell differentiation during homeostatic reconstitution following lymphodepletion. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1081163. [PMID: 36761170 PMCID: PMC9904166 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1081163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Costimulation blockade targeting the CD28 pathway provides improved long-term renal allograft survival compared to calcineurin inhibitors but may be limited as CTLA-4-Ig (abatacept, belatacept) blocks both CD28 costimulation and CTLA-4 coinhibition. Directly targeting CD28 while leaving CTLA-4 intact may provide a mechanistic advantage. Fc-silent non-crosslinking CD28 antagonizing domain antibodies (dAb) are currently in clinical trials for renal transplantation. Given the current standard of care in renal transplantation at most US centers, it is likely that lymphodepletion via thymoglobulin induction therapy could be used in patients treated with CD28 antagonists. Thus, we investigated the impact of T cell depletion (TCD) on T cell phenotype following homeostatic reconstitution in a murine model of skin transplantation treated with anti-CD28dAb. Methods Skin from BALB/cJ donors was grafted onto C56BL/6 recipients which were treated with or without 0.2mg anti-CD4 and 10μg anti-CD8 one day prior to transplant and with or without 100μg anti-CD28dAb on days 0, 2, 4, 6, and weekly thereafter. Mice were euthanized six weeks post-transplant and lymphoid cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results Anti-CD28dAb reversed lymphopenia-induced differentiation of memory CD4+ T cells in the spleen and lymph node compared to TCD alone. Mice treated with TCD+anti-CD28dAb exhibited significantly improved skin graft survival compared to anti-CD28dAb alone, which was also improved compared to no treatment. In addition, the expression of CD69 was reduced on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the spleen and lymph node from mice that received TCD+anti-CD28dAb compared to TCD alone. While a reduced frequency of CD4+FoxP3+ T cells was observed in anti-CD28dAb treated mice relative to untreated controls, this was balanced by an increased frequency of CD8+Foxp3+ T cells that was observed in the blood and kidney of mice given TCD+anti-CD28dAb compared to TCD alone. Discussion These data demonstrate that CD28 signaling impacts the differentiation of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells during homeostatic reconstitution following lymphodepletion, resulting in a shift towards fewer activated memory T cells and more CD8+FoxP3+ T cells, a profile that may underpin the observed prolongation in allograft survival.
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[Advances in the Study of Tissue-resident Memory T Cells in Lung Cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2022; 25:862-869. [PMID: 36617472 PMCID: PMC9845087 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2022.102.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been widely used in the treatment of lung cancer, but the benefit population is limited and there is a lack of effective predictive markers of efficacy. Tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) reside in tissues and exert anti-tumor effects by expressing the integrins CD103, CD49a or C-type lectin CD69 and immune checkpoint receptors. TRM expressing programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) is enriched with transcriptional products associated with cytotoxicity and enhances T cell (antigen) receptor (TCR)-mediated cytotoxicity. TRM is a promising biomarker for predicting the efficacy and prognosis of immunotherapy in lung cancer patients. This review will describe the progress of TRM research in lung cancer.
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15
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Aubert A, Lane M, Jung K, Granville DJ. Granzyme B as a therapeutic target: an update in 2022. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:979-993. [PMID: 36542784 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2161890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Granzyme B is a serine protease extensively studied for its implication in cytotoxic lymphocyte-mediated apoptosis. In recent years, the paradigm that the role of granzyme B is restricted to immune cell-mediated killing has been challenged as extracellular roles for the protease have emerged. While mostly absent from healthy tissues, granzyme B levels are elevated in several autoimmune and/or chronic inflammatory conditions. In the skin, its accumulation significantly impairs proper wound healing. AREAS COVERED After an overview of the current knowledge on granzyme B, a description of newly identified functions will be presented, focussing on granzyme B ability to promote cell-cell and dermal-epidermal junction disruption, extracellular matrix degradation, vascular permeabilization, and epithelial barrier dysfunction. Progress in granzyme B inhibition, as well as the use of granzyme B inhibitors for the treatment of tissue damage, will be discussed. EXPERT OPINION The absence of endogenous extracellular inhibitors renders extracellular granzyme B accumulation deleterious for the proper healing of chronic wounds due to sustained proteolytic activity. Consequently, specific granzyme B inhibitors have been developed as new therapeutic approaches. Beyond applications in wound healing, other autoimmune and/or chronic inflammatory conditions related to exacerbated granzyme B activity may also benefit from the development of these inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Aubert
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD) Centre, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia Professional Firefighters' Burn and Wound Healing Group, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Michael Lane
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD) Centre, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia Professional Firefighters' Burn and Wound Healing Group, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Karen Jung
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD) Centre, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia Professional Firefighters' Burn and Wound Healing Group, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - David J Granville
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD) Centre, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia Professional Firefighters' Burn and Wound Healing Group, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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16
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Notarbartolo S, Abrignani S. Human T lymphocytes at tumor sites. Semin Immunopathol 2022; 44:883-901. [PMID: 36385379 PMCID: PMC9668216 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-022-00970-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes mediate most of the adaptive immune response against tumors. Naïve T lymphocytes specific for tumor antigens are primed in lymph nodes by dendritic cells. Upon activation, antigen-specific T cells proliferate and differentiate into effector cells that migrate out of peripheral blood into tumor sites in an attempt to eliminate cancer cells. After accomplishing their function, most effector T cells die in the tissue, while a small fraction of antigen-specific T cells persist as long-lived memory cells, circulating between peripheral blood and lymphoid tissues, to generate enhanced immune responses when re-encountering the same antigen. A subset of memory T cells, called resident memory T (TRM) cells, stably resides in non-lymphoid peripheral tissues and may provide rapid immunity independently of T cells recruited from blood. Being adapted to the tissue microenvironment, TRM cells are potentially endowed with the best features to protect against the reemergence of cancer cells. However, when tumors give clinical manifestation, it means that tumor cells have evaded immune surveillance, including that of TRM cells. Here, we review the current knowledge as to how TRM cells are generated during an immune response and then maintained in non-lymphoid tissues. We then focus on what is known about the role of CD4+ and CD8+ TRM cells in antitumor immunity and their possible contribution to the efficacy of immunotherapy. Finally, we highlight some open questions in the field and discuss how new technologies may help in addressing them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuele Notarbartolo
- INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo Ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy.
| | - Sergio Abrignani
- INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo Ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy.
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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17
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Xu W, Bergsbaken T, Edelblum KL. The multifunctional nature of CD103 (αEβ7 integrin) signaling in tissue-resident lymphocytes. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C1161-C1167. [PMID: 36036450 PMCID: PMC9576162 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00338.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal tissue-resident lymphocytes are critical for maintenance of the mucosal barrier and to prevent enteric infections. The activation of these lymphocytes must be tightly regulated to prevent aberrant inflammation and epithelial damage observed in autoimmune diseases, yet also ensure that antimicrobial host defense remains uncompromised. Tissue-resident lymphocytes express CD103, or αE integrin, which dimerizes with the β7 subunit to bind to E-cadherin expressed on epithelial cells. Although the role of CD103 in homing and retention of lymphocytes to and within peripheral tissues has been well characterized, the molecular signals activated following CD103 engagement remain understudied. Here, we highlight recent studies that elucidate the functional contribution of CD103 in various lymphocyte subpopulations, either as an independent signaling molecule or in the context of TCR co-stimulation. Finally, we will discuss the gaps in our understanding of CD103 biology and the therapeutic potential of targeting CD103 on tissue-resident lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Xu
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Tessa Bergsbaken
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Karen L Edelblum
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
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Yenyuwadee S, Sanchez-Trincado Lopez JL, Shah R, Rosato PC, Boussiotis VA. The evolving role of tissue-resident memory T cells in infections and cancer. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabo5871. [PMID: 35977028 PMCID: PMC9385156 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abo5871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Resident memory T cells (TRM) form a distinct type of T memory cells that stably resides in tissues. TRM form an integral part of the immune sensing network and have the ability to control local immune homeostasis and participate in immune responses mediated by pathogens, cancer, and possibly autoantigens during autoimmunity. TRM express residence gene signatures, functional properties of both memory and effector cells, and remarkable plasticity. TRM have a well-established role in pathogen immunity, whereas their role in antitumor immune responses and immunotherapy is currently evolving. As TRM form the most abundant T memory cell population in nonlymphoid tissues, they are attractive targets for therapeutic exploitation. Here, we provide a concise review of the development and physiological role of CD8+ TRM, their involvement in diseases, and their potential therapeutic exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasitorn Yenyuwadee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jose Luis Sanchez-Trincado Lopez
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Laboratory of Immunomedicine, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Ave Complutense S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rushil Shah
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850 , USA
| | - Pamela C Rosato
- The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03755, USA
| | - Vassiliki A Boussiotis
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Barsch M, Salié H, Schlaak AE, Zhang Z, Hess M, Mayer LS, Tauber C, Otto-Mora P, Ohtani T, Nilsson T, Wischer L, Winkler F, Manne S, Rech A, Schmitt-Graeff A, Bronsert P, Hofmann M, Neumann-Haefelin C, Boettler T, Fichtner-Feigl S, van Boemmel F, Berg T, Rimassa L, Di Tommaso L, Saeed A, D'Alessio A, Pinato DJ, Bettinger D, Binder H, John Wherry E, Schultheiss M, Thimme R, Bengsch B. T-cell exhaustion and residency dynamics inform clinical outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol 2022; 77:397-409. [PMID: 35367533 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2022.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Despite recent translation of immunotherapies into clinical practice, the immunobiology of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), in particular the role and clinical relevance of exhausted and liver-resident T cells remain unclear. We therefore dissected the landscape of exhausted and resident T cell responses in the peripheral blood and tumor microenvironment of patients with HCC. METHODS Lymphocytes were isolated from the blood, tumor and tumor-surrounding liver tissue of patients with HCC (n = 40, n = 10 treated with anti-PD-1 therapy). Phenotype, function and response to anti-PD-1 were analyzed by mass and flow cytometry ex vivo and in vitro, tissue residence was further assessed by immunohistochemistry and imaging mass cytometry. Gene signatures were analyzed in silico. RESULTS We identified significant enrichment of heterogeneous populations of exhausted CD8+ T cells (TEX) in the tumor microenvironment. Strong enrichment of severely exhausted CD8 T cells expressing multiple immune checkpoints in addition to PD-1 was linked to poor progression-free and overall survival. In contrast, PD-1 was also expressed on a subset of more functional and metabolically active CD103+ tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) that expressed few additional immune checkpoints and were associated with better survival. TEX enrichment was independent of BCLC stage, alpha-fetoprotein levels or age as a variable for progression-free survival in our cohort. These findings were in line with in silico gene signature analysis of HCC tumor transcriptomes from The Cancer Genome Atlas. A higher baseline TRM/TEX ratio was associated with disease control in anti-PD-1-treated patients. CONCLUSION Our data provide information on the role of peripheral and intratumoral TEX-TRM dynamics in determining outcomes in patients with HCC. The dynamics between exhausted and liver-resident T cells have implications for immune-based diagnostics, rational patient selection and monitoring during HCC immunotherapies. LAY SUMMARY The role of the immune response in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. T cells can mediate protection against tumor cells but are frequently dysfunctional and exhausted in cancer. We found that patients with a predominance of exhausted CD8+ T cells (TEX) had poor survival compared to patients with a predominance of tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM). This correlated with the molecular profile, metabolic and functional status of these cell populations. The enrichment of TEX was independently associated with prognosis in addition to disease stage, age and tumor markers. A high TRM proportion was also associated with better outcomes following checkpoint therapy. Thus, these T-cell populations are novel biomarkers with relevance in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Barsch
- University Medical Center Freiburg, Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Germany
| | - Henrike Salié
- University Medical Center Freiburg, Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Germany
| | | | - Zhen Zhang
- University Medical Center Freiburg, Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Germany
| | - Moritz Hess
- University Medical Center Freiburg, Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics (IMBI), Germany
| | - Lena Sophie Mayer
- University Medical Center Freiburg, Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Germany
| | - Catrin Tauber
- University Medical Center Freiburg, Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Germany
| | - Patricia Otto-Mora
- University Medical Center Freiburg, Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Germany
| | - Takuya Ohtani
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Institute for Immunology, USA
| | - Tobias Nilsson
- University Medical Center Freiburg, Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Germany
| | - Lara Wischer
- University Medical Center Freiburg, Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Germany
| | - Frances Winkler
- University Medical Center Freiburg, Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Germany
| | - Sasikant Manne
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Institute for Immunology, USA
| | - Andrew Rech
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Institute for Immunology, USA
| | | | - Peter Bronsert
- University Medical Center Freiburg, Institute of Clinical Pathology, Germany
| | - Maike Hofmann
- University Medical Center Freiburg, Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Germany
| | | | - Tobias Boettler
- University Medical Center Freiburg, Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Germany
| | - Stefan Fichtner-Feigl
- University Medical Center Freiburg, Clinic for General and Visceral Surgery, Germany
| | - Florian van Boemmel
- Leipzig University Medical Center, Division of Hepatology, Dpt. of Medicine II, Germany
| | - Thomas Berg
- Leipzig University Medical Center, Division of Hepatology, Dpt. of Medicine II, Germany
| | - Lorenza Rimassa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Humanitas Cancer Center, Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, Rozzano (Milan), Italy
| | - Luca Di Tommaso
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; Pathology Unit IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Anwaar Saeed
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Kansas University Cancer Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Antonio D'Alessio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; Imperial College London, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery & Cancer, UK
| | - David J Pinato
- Imperial College London, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery & Cancer, UK; Division of Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Dominik Bettinger
- University Medical Center Freiburg, Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Germany
| | - Harald Binder
- University Medical Center Freiburg, Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics (IMBI), Germany
| | - E John Wherry
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Institute for Immunology, USA
| | - Michael Schultheiss
- University Medical Center Freiburg, Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Germany
| | - Robert Thimme
- University Medical Center Freiburg, Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Germany
| | - Bertram Bengsch
- University Medical Center Freiburg, Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Germany; University of Freiburg, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg, Germany.
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Maier C, Fuchs J, Irrgang P, Wißing MH, Beyerlein J, Tenbusch M, Lapuente D. Mucosal immunization with an adenoviral vector vaccine confers superior protection against RSV compared to natural immunity. Front Immunol 2022; 13:920256. [PMID: 36003372 PMCID: PMC9394428 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.920256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections are the leading cause of severe respiratory illness in early infancy. Although the majority of children and adults mount immune responses against RSV, recurrent infections are frequent throughout life. Humoral and cellular responses contribute to an effective immunity but also their localization at respiratory mucosae is increasingly recognized as an important factor. In the present study, we evaluate a mucosal vaccine based on an adenoviral vector encoding for the RSV fusion protein (Ad-F), and we investigate two genetic adjuvant candidates that encode for Interleukin (IL)-1β and IFN-β promoter stimulator I (IPS-1), respectively. While vaccination with Ad-F alone was immunogenic, the inclusion of Ad-IL-1β increased F-specific mucosal immunoglobulin A (IgA) and tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM). Consequently, immunization with Ad-F led to some control of virus replication upon RSV infection, but Ad-F+Ad-IL-1β was the most effective vaccine strategy in limiting viral load and weight loss. Subsequently, we compared the Ad-F+Ad-IL-1β-induced immunity with that provoked by a primary RSV infection. Systemic F-specific antibody responses were higher in immunized than in previously infected mice. However, the primary infection provoked glycoprotein G-specific antibodies as well eventually leading to similar neutralization titers in both groups. In contrast, mucosal antibody levels were low after infection, whereas mucosal immunization raised robust F-specific responses including IgA. Similarly, vaccination generated F-specific TRM more efficiently compared to a primary RSV infection. Although the primary infection resulted in matrix protein 2 (M2)-specific T cells as well, they did not reach levels of F-specific immunity in the vaccinated group. Moreover, the infection-induced T cell response was less biased towards TRM compared to vaccine-induced immunity. Finally, our vaccine candidate provided superior protection against RSV infection compared to a primary infection as indicated by reduced weight loss, virus replication, and tissue damage. In conclusion, our mucosal vaccine candidate Ad-F+Ad-IL-1β elicits stronger mucosal immune responses and a more effective protection against RSV infection than natural immunity generated by a previous infection. Harnessing mucosal immune responses by next-generation vaccines is therefore a promising option to establish effective RSV immunity and thereby tackle a major cause of infant hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Maier
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jana Fuchs
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Pascal Irrgang
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Jasmin Beyerlein
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias Tenbusch
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany,*Correspondence: Matthias Tenbusch, ; Dennis Lapuente,
| | - Dennis Lapuente
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany,*Correspondence: Matthias Tenbusch, ; Dennis Lapuente,
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21
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Corgnac S, Damei I, Gros G, Caidi A, Terry S, Chouaib S, Deloger M, Mami-Chouaib F. Cancer stem-like cells evade CD8 +CD103 + tumor-resident memory T (T RM) lymphocytes by initiating an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition program in a human lung tumor model. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2022-004527. [PMID: 35418483 PMCID: PMC9014106 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-004527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer stem cells (CSC) define a population of rare malignant cells endowed with ‘stemness’ properties, such as self-renewing, multipotency and tumorigenicity. They are responsible for tumor initiation and progression, and could be associated with resistance to immunotherapies by negatively regulating antitumor immune response and acquiring molecular features enabling escape from CD8 T-cell immunity. However, the immunological hallmarks of human lung CSC and their potential interactions with resident memory T (TRM) cells within the tumor microenvironment have not been investigated. Methods We generated a non-small cell lung cancer model, including CSC line and clones, and autologous CD8+CD103+ TRM and CD8+CD103− non-TRM clones, to dissect out immune properties of CSC and their susceptibility to specific T-cell-mediated cytotoxic activity. Results Unlike their parental tumor cells, lung CSC are characterized by the initiation of an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition program defined by upregulation of the SNAIL1 transcription factor and downregulation of phosphorylated-GSK-3β and cell surface E-cadherin. Acquisition of a CSC profile results in partial resistance to TRM-cell-mediated cytotoxicity, which correlates with decreased surface expression of the CD103 ligand E-cadherin and human leukocyte antigen-A2-neoepitope complexes. On the other hand, CSC gained expression of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and thereby sensitivity to leukocyte function-associated antigen (LFA)-1-dependent non-TRM-cell-mediated killing. Cytotoxicity is inhibited by anti-ICAM-1 and anti-major histocompatibility complex class I neutralizing antibodies further emphasizing the role of LFA-1/ICAM-1 interaction in T-cell receptor-dependent lytic function. Conclusion Our data support the rational design of immunotherapeutic strategies targeting CSC to optimize their responsiveness to local CD8+CD103+ TRM cells for more efficient anticancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Corgnac
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Fac. de Médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Isabelle Damei
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Fac. de Médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Gwendoline Gros
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Fac. de Médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Aziza Caidi
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Fac. de Médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Plateforme de Bioinformatique, Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM US23, CNRS UMS 3655, Villejuif, France
| | - Stéphane Terry
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Fac. de Médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Salem Chouaib
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Fac. de Médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, UAE
| | - Marc Deloger
- Gustave Roussy, Plateforme de Bioinformatique, Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM US23, CNRS UMS 3655, Villejuif, France
| | - Fathia Mami-Chouaib
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Fac. de Médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
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22
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Hu MD, Golovchenko NB, Burns GL, Nair PM, Kelly TJ, Agos J, Irani MZ, Soh WS, Zeglinski MR, Lemenze A, Bonder EM, Sandrock I, Prinz I, Granville DJ, Keely S, Watson AJ, Edelblum KL. γδ Intraepithelial Lymphocytes Facilitate Pathological Epithelial Cell Shedding Via CD103-Mediated Granzyme Release. Gastroenterology 2022; 162:877-889.e7. [PMID: 34861219 PMCID: PMC8881348 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2021.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Excessive shedding of apoptotic enterocytes into the intestinal lumen is observed in inflammatory bowel disease and is correlated with disease relapse. Based on their cytolytic capacity and surveillance behavior, we investigated whether intraepithelial lymphocytes expressing the γδ T cell receptor (γδ IELs) are actively involved in the shedding of enterocytes into the lumen. METHODS Intravital microscopy was performed on GFP γδ T cell reporter mice treated with intraperitoneal lipopolysaccharide (10 mg/kg) for 90 minutes to induce tumor necrosis factor-mediated apoptosis. Cell shedding in various knockout or transgenic mice in the presence or absence of blocking antibody was quantified by immunostaining for ZO-1 funnels and cleaved caspase-3 (CC3). Granzyme A and granzyme B release from ex vivo-stimulated γδ IELs was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Immunostaining for γδ T cell receptor and CC3 was performed on duodenal and ileal biopsies from controls and patients with Crohn's disease. RESULTS Intravital microscopy of lipopolysaccharide-treated mice revealed that γδ IELs make extended contact with shedding enterocytes. These prolonged interactions require CD103 engagement by E-cadherin, and CD103 knockout or blockade significantly reduced lipopolysaccharide-induced shedding. Furthermore, we found that granzymes A and B, but not perforin, are required for cell shedding. These extracellular granzymes are released by γδ IELs both constitutively and after CD103/E-cadherin ligation. Moreover, we found that the frequency of γδ IEL localization to CC3-positive enterocytes is increased in Crohn's disease biopsies compared with healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS Our results uncover a previously unrecognized role for γδ IELs in facilitating tumor necrosis factor-mediated shedding of apoptotic enterocytes via CD103-mediated extracellular granzyme release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine D. Hu
- Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Department of Pathology, Immunology & Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Natasha B. Golovchenko
- Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Department of Pathology, Immunology & Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Grace L. Burns
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, Lot 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Prema M. Nair
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, Lot 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Thomas J. Kelly
- Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Department of Pathology, Immunology & Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Jonathan Agos
- Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Department of Pathology, Immunology & Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Mudar Zand Irani
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, Lot 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Wai Sinn Soh
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, Lot 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Matthew R. Zeglinski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Alexander Lemenze
- Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Department of Pathology, Immunology & Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Edward M. Bonder
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University – The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Inga Sandrock
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Immo Prinz
- Institute of Systems Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - David J. Granville
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Simon Keely
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, Lot 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Alastair J.M. Watson
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gut Biology, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Karen L. Edelblum
- Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Department of Pathology, Immunology & Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
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23
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Strong SARS-CoV-2 N-Specific CD8+ T Immunity Induced by Engineered Extracellular Vesicles Associates with Protection from Lethal Infection in Mice. Viruses 2022; 14:v14020329. [PMID: 35215922 PMCID: PMC8879411 DOI: 10.3390/v14020329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cell immunity is expected to counteract viral variants in both efficient and durable ways. We recently described a way to induce a potent SARS-CoV-2 CD8+ T immune response through the generation of engineered extracellular vesicles (EVs) emerging from muscle cells. This method relies on intramuscular injection of DNA vectors expressing different SARS-CoV-2 antigens fused at their N-terminus with the Nefmut protein, i.e., a very efficient EV-anchoring protein. However, quality, tissue distribution, and efficacy of these SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cells remained uninvestigated. To fill the gaps, antigen-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes induced by the immunization through the Nefmut-based method were characterized in terms of their polyfunctionality and localization at lung airways, i.e., the primary targets of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We found that injection of vectors expressing Nefmut/S1 and Nefmut/N generated polyfunctional CD8+ T lymphocytes in both spleens and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALFs). When immunized mice were infected with 4.4 lethal doses of 50% of SARS-CoV-2, all S1-immunized mice succumbed, whereas those developing the highest percentages of N-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes resisted the lethal challenge. We also provide evidence that the N-specific immunization coupled with the development of antigen-specific CD8+ T-resident memory cells in lungs, supporting the idea that the Nefmut-based immunization can confer a long-lasting, lung-specific immune memory. In view of the limitations of current anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in terms of antibody waning and efficiency against variants, our CD8+ T cell-based platform could be considered for a new combination prophylactic strategy.
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24
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Federico L, McGrail DJ, Bentebibel SE, Haymaker C, Ravelli A, Forget MA, Karpinets T, Jiang P, Reuben A, Negrao MV, Li J, Khairullah R, Zhang J, Weissferdt A, Vaporciyan AA, Antonoff MB, Walsh G, Lin SY, Futreal A, Wistuba I, Roth J, Byers LA, Gaudreau PO, Uraoka N, Cruz AF, Dejima H, Lazcano RN, Solis LM, Parra ER, Lee JJ, Swisher S, Cascone T, Heymach JV, Zhang J, Sepesi B, Gibbons DL, Bernatchez C. Distinct tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte landscapes are associated with clinical outcomes in localized non-small-cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2022; 33:42-56. [PMID: 34653632 PMCID: PMC10019222 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the importance of tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes (TILs) in cancer biology, the relationship between TIL phenotypes and their prognostic relevance for localized non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been well established. PATIENTS AND METHODS Fresh tumor and normal adjacent tissue was prospectively collected from 150 patients with localized NSCLC. Tissue was comprehensively characterized by high-dimensional flow cytometry of TILs integrated with immunogenomic data from multiplex immunofluorescence, T-cell receptor sequencing, exome sequencing, RNA sequencing, targeted proteomics, and clinicopathologic features. RESULTS While neither the magnitude of TIL infiltration nor specific TIL subsets were significantly prognostic alone, the integration of high-dimensional flow cytometry data identified two major immunotypes (IM1 and IM2) that were predictive of recurrence-free survival independent of clinical characteristics. IM2 was associated with poor prognosis and characterized by the presence of proliferating TILs expressing cluster of differentiation 103, programmed cell death protein 1, T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing protein 3, and inducible T-cell costimulator. Conversely, IM1 was associated with good prognosis and differentiated by an abundance of CD8+ T cells expressing cytolytic enzymes, CD4+ T cells lacking the expression of inhibitory receptors, and increased levels of B-cell infiltrates and tertiary lymphoid structures. While increased B-cell infiltration was associated with good prognosis, the best prognosis was observed in patients with tumors exhibiting high levels of both B cells and T cells. These findings were validated in patient tumors from The Cancer Genome Atlas. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that although the number of infiltrating T cells is not associated with patient survival, the nature of the infiltrating T cells, resolved in distinct TIL immunotypes, is prognostically relevant in NSCLC and may inform therapeutic approaches to clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Federico
- Therapeutics Discovery Division, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - D J McGrail
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - S-E Bentebibel
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - C Haymaker
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - A Ravelli
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - M-A Forget
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - T Karpinets
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - P Jiang
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - A Reuben
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - M V Negrao
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - J Li
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - R Khairullah
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - A Weissferdt
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - A A Vaporciyan
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - M B Antonoff
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - G Walsh
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - S-Y Lin
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - A Futreal
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - I Wistuba
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - J Roth
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - L A Byers
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - P-O Gaudreau
- Department of Oncology, Queens' University and the Canadian Cancer Trials Group, Kingston, Canada
| | - N Uraoka
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - A F Cruz
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - H Dejima
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - R N Lazcano
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - L M Solis
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - E R Parra
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - J J Lee
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - S Swisher
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - T Cascone
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - J V Heymach
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA; Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA.
| | - B Sepesi
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA.
| | - D L Gibbons
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA.
| | - C Bernatchez
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA.
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25
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Barros L, Ferreira C, Veldhoen M. The fellowship of regulatory and tissue-resident memory cells. Mucosal Immunol 2022; 15:64-73. [PMID: 34608235 PMCID: PMC8488068 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-021-00456-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
T cells located in non-lymphoid tissues have come to prominence in recent years. CD8+ tissue-resident memory (Trm) cells are important for tissue immune surveillance, provide an important line of defence against invading pathogens and show promise in cancer therapies. These cells differ in phenotype from other memory populations, are adapted to the tissue they home to where they found their cognate antigen and have different metabolic requirements for survival and activation. CD4+ Foxp3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells also consist of specialised populations, found in non-lymphoid tissues, with distinct transcriptional programmes. These cells have equally adapted to function in the tissue they made their home. Both Trm and Treg cells have functions beyond immune defence, involving tissue homeostasis, repair and turnover. They are part of a multicellular communication network. Intriguingly, occupying the same niche, Treg cells are important in the establishment of Trm cells, which may have implications to harness the immune surveillance and tissue homeostasis properties of Trm cells for future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Barros
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, Lisbon, 1649-028, Portugal
| | - Cristina Ferreira
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, Lisbon, 1649-028, Portugal
| | - Marc Veldhoen
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, Lisbon, 1649-028, Portugal.
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26
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Hoffmann JC, Schön MP. Integrin α E(CD103)β 7 in Epithelial Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6211. [PMID: 34944831 PMCID: PMC8699740 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Interactions of both the innate and the adaptive immune system with tumors are complex and often influence courses and therapeutic treatments in unanticipated ways. Based on the concept that CD8+T cells can mediate important antitumor effects, several therapies now aim to amplify their specific activity. A subpopulation of CD8+ tissue-resident T lymphocytes that express the αE(CD103)β7 integrin has raised particular interest. This receptor presumably contributes to the recruitment and retention of tumor-infiltrating immune cells through interaction with its ligand, E-cadherin. It appears to have regulatory functions and is thought to be a component of some immunological synapses. In TGF-rich environments, the αE(CD103)β7/E-cadherin-interaction enhances the binding strength between tumor cells and infiltrating T lymphocytes. This activity facilitates the release of lytic granule contents and cytokines as well as further immune responses and the killing of target cells. Expression of αE(CD103)β7 in some tumors is associated with a rather favorable prognosis, perhaps with the notable exception of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. Although epithelial skin tumors are by far the most common tumors of fair-skinned people, there have been very few studies on the distribution of αE(CD103)β7 expressing cells in these neoplasms. Given this background, we describe here that αE(CD103)β7 is scarcely present in basal cell carcinomas, but much more abundant in squamous cell carcinomas with heterogeneous distribution. Notwithstanding a substantial number of studies, the role of αE(CD103)β7 in the tumor context is still far from clear. Here, we summarize the essential current knowledge on αE(CD103)β7 and outline that it is worthwhile to further explore this intriguing receptor with regard to the pathophysiology, therapy, and prognosis of solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna C. Hoffmann
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany;
| | - Michael P. Schön
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany;
- Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational Dermatology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
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27
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Park HS, Jeon Y, Lee H, Lee H, Kim YA, Park IA, Bang WS, Lee M, Cho YJ, Kim J, Gong G, Lee HJ. Phenotypic Differences of CD103+ Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells Associated with Various Cancers. Pathobiology 2021; 89:116-126. [PMID: 34592745 DOI: 10.1159/000518972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The presence and clinical importance of tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells have been recently described in association with various cancer types. However, the frequency and the traditional naïve-effector-memory phenotypic characteristics of TRM cells are largely unknown. METHODS We analyzed single-cell populations of colorectal cancer (CC, n = 18), stomach cancer (SC, n = 13), renal cell carcinoma (RCC, n = 19), and breast cancer (BC, n = 16) by dissociation of tumor tissue with collagenase/hyaluronidase. We investigated populations of naïve, effector, and memory T and TRM cells by flow cytometry. RESULTS Among CD8- cells, CC was associated with a significantly higher proportion of CD103+ T cells than other tumor types (p < 0.001). Among CD8+ cells, CC and SC were associated with higher CD103+ T-cell proportions than RCC and BC (p < 0.001). Significantly more CD8+ than CD8- cells expressed CD103 (p < 0.001). In association with SC, RCC, and BC, CD8+ T cells had a similar T-cell phenotype composition pattern: fewer effector T cells and more memory-type T cells among CD103+ cells compared with CD103- cells (p < 0.05). Tumors with higher proportion of CD103+ cells had no specific clinicopathologic characteristics than those with lower proportion of CD103+ cells. CONCLUSION TRM cell abundance and phenotypes varied among CC, SC, RCC, and BC. Further studies regarding the functional differences of TRM associated with various tumors are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Seon Park
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology (AMIST), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonjin Jeon
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Lee
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejae Lee
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ae Kim
- Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology (AMIST), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In Ah Park
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Seon Bang
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology (AMIST), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Miseon Lee
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jin Cho
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology (AMIST), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyeong Kim
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology (AMIST), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyungyub Gong
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jin Lee
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology (AMIST), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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28
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Nelson MA, Ngamcherdtrakul W, Luoh SW, Yantasee W. Prognostic and therapeutic role of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte subtypes in breast cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2021; 40:519-536. [PMID: 33963482 PMCID: PMC8424653 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-021-09968-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Increased levels of total tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are generally associated with good prognosis in several breast cancer subtypes. Subtypes of TILs impact both tumor cells and immune cells in a variety of different ways, leading to either a pro-tumor or antitumor effect. Tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells and natural killer (NK) cells perform as effector cells against tumor cells and are associated with better clinical outcome. Immunotherapy approaches that improve the antitumor activity and proliferation of CD8+ T and NK cells include PD-1/PD-L1 blockade, CAR T cell therapy, or ex vivo-stimulated NK cells. A subset of CD8+ T cells, tissue-resident memory T cells, has also recently been associated with good prognosis in breast cancer patients, and has potential to serve as a predictive biomarker and therapeutic target. Tumor-infiltrating B cells also secrete apoptosis-inducing IgG antibodies and can act as antigen-presenting cells to prime CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. On the other hand, regulatory T and regulatory B cells modulate the immune response from CD8+ T cells and NK cells by secreting immunosuppressive cytokines and inhibiting maturation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs). These regulatory cells are typically associated with poor prognosis, therefore rendering suppression of their regulatory function a key immunotherapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shiuh-Wen Luoh
- VA Portland Health Care System, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Wassana Yantasee
- PDX Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Portland, OR, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
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29
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Wiendl M, Becker E, Müller TM, Voskens CJ, Neurath MF, Zundler S. Targeting Immune Cell Trafficking - Insights From Research Models and Implications for Future IBD Therapy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:656452. [PMID: 34017333 PMCID: PMC8129496 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.656452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are multifactorial diseases with still unknown aetiology and an increasing prevalence and incidence worldwide. Despite plentiful therapeutic options for IBDs, the lack or loss of response in certain patients demands the development of further treatments to tackle this unmet medical need. In recent years, the success of the anti-α4β7 antibody vedolizumab highlighted the potential of targeting the homing of immune cells, which is now an important pillar of IBD therapy. Due to its complexity, leukocyte trafficking and the involved molecules offer a largely untapped resource for a plethora of potential therapeutic interventions. In this review, we aim to summarise current and future directions of specifically interfering with immune cell trafficking. We will comment on concepts of homing, retention and recirculation and particularly focus on the role of tissue-derived chemokines. Moreover, we will give an overview of the mode of action of drugs currently in use or still in the pipeline, highlighting their mechanisms and potential to reduce disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Wiendl
- Department of Medicine 1, Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Emily Becker
- Department of Medicine 1, Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tanja M. Müller
- Department of Medicine 1, Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Caroline J. Voskens
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F. Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1, Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zundler
- Department of Medicine 1, Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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30
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Liikanen I, Lauhan C, Quon S, Omilusik K, Phan AT, Bartrolí LB, Ferry A, Goulding J, Chen J, Scott-Browne JP, Yustein JT, Scharping NE, Witherden DA, Goldrath AW. Hypoxia-inducible factor activity promotes antitumor effector function and tissue residency by CD8+ T cells. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:143729. [PMID: 33792560 PMCID: PMC8011896 DOI: 10.1172/jci143729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adoptive T cell therapies (ACTs) hold great promise in cancer treatment, but low overall response rates in patients with solid tumors underscore remaining challenges in realizing the potential of this cellular immunotherapy approach. Promoting CD8+ T cell adaptation to tissue residency represents an underutilized but promising strategy to improve tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) function. Here, we report that deletion of the HIF negative regulator von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) in CD8+ T cells induced HIF-1α/HIF-2α-dependent differentiation of tissue-resident memory-like (Trm-like) TILs in mouse models of malignancy. VHL-deficient TILs accumulated in tumors and exhibited a core Trm signature despite an exhaustion-associated phenotype, which led to retained polyfunctionality and response to αPD-1 immunotherapy, resulting in tumor eradication and protective tissue-resident memory. VHL deficiency similarly facilitated enhanced accumulation of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells with a Trm-like phenotype in tumors. Thus, HIF activity in CD8+ TILs promotes accumulation and antitumor activity, providing a new strategy to enhance the efficacy of ACTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilkka Liikanen
- Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Colette Lauhan
- Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Sara Quon
- Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Kyla Omilusik
- Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Anthony T Phan
- Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Laura Barceló Bartrolí
- Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Amir Ferry
- Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - John Goulding
- Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Joyce Chen
- Division of Signaling and Gene Expression, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - James P Scott-Browne
- Division of Signaling and Gene Expression, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jason T Yustein
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers and The Faris D. Virani Ewing Sarcoma Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Nicole E Scharping
- Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Deborah A Witherden
- Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Ananda W Goldrath
- Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
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31
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Qian Y, Zhu Y, Li Y, Li B. Legend of the Sentinels: Development of Lung Resident Memory T Cells and Their Roles in Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 11:624411. [PMID: 33603755 PMCID: PMC7884312 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.624411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is wreaking havoc around the world. To get the world back on track, hundreds of vaccines are under development. A deeper understanding of how the immune system responds to SARS-CoV-2 re-infection will certainly help. Studies have highlighted various aspects of T cell response in resolving acute infection and preventing re-infections. Lung resident memory T (TRM) cells are sentinels in the secondary immune response. They are mostly differentiated from effector T cells, construct specific niches and stay permanently in lung tissues. If the infection recurs, locally activated lung TRM cells can elicit rapid immune response against invading pathogens. In addition, they can significantly limit tumor growth or lead to pathologic immune responses. Vaccines targeting TRM cells are under development, with the hope to induce stable and highly reactive lung TRM cells through mucosal administration or "prime-and-pull" strategy. In this review, we will summarize recent advances in lung TRM cell generation and maintenance, explore their roles in different diseases and discuss how these cells may guide the development of future vaccines targeting infectious disease, cancer, and pathologic immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yangyang Li
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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32
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Netherby-Winslow CS, Ayers KN, Lukacher AE. Balancing Inflammation and Central Nervous System Homeostasis: T Cell Receptor Signaling in Antiviral Brain T RM Formation and Function. Front Immunol 2021; 11:624144. [PMID: 33584727 PMCID: PMC7873445 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.624144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue-resident memory (TRM) CD8 T cells provide early frontline defense against regional pathogen reencounter. CD8 TRM are predominantly parked in nonlymphoid tissues and do not circulate. In addition to this anatomic difference, TRM are transcriptionally and phenotypically distinct from central-memory T cells (TCM) and effector-memory T cells (TEM). Moreover, TRM differ phenotypically, functionally, and transcriptionally across barrier tissues (e.g., gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, urogenital tract, and skin) and in non-barrier organs (e.g., brain, liver, kidney). In the brain, TRM are governed by a contextual milieu that balances TRM activation and preservation of essential post-mitotic neurons. Factors contributing to the development and maintenance of brain TRM, of which T cell receptor (TCR) signal strength and duration is a central determinant, vary depending on the infectious agent and modulation of TCR signaling by inhibitory markers that quell potentially pathogenic inflammation. This review will explore our current understanding of the context-dependent factors that drive the acquisition of brain (b)TRM phenotype and function, and discuss the contribution of TRM to promoting protective immune responses in situ while maintaining tissue homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katelyn N Ayers
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Aron E Lukacher
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
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33
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Duhan V, Khairnar V, Kitanovski S, Hamdan TA, Klein AD, Lang J, Ali M, Adomati T, Bhat H, Friedrich SK, Li F, Krebs P, Futerman AH, Addo MM, Hardt C, Hoffmann D, Lang PA, Lang KS. Integrin Alpha E (CD103) Limits Virus-Induced IFN-I Production in Conventional Dendritic Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 11:607889. [PMID: 33584680 PMCID: PMC7873973 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.607889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Early and strong production of IFN-I by dendritic cells is important to control vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), however mechanisms which explain this cell-type specific innate immune activation remain to be defined. Here, using a genome wide association study (GWAS), we identified Integrin alpha-E (Itgae, CD103) as a new regulator of antiviral IFN-I production in a mouse model of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) infection. CD103 was specifically expressed by splenic conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) and limited IFN-I production in these cells during VSV infection. Mechanistically, CD103 suppressed AKT phosphorylation and mTOR activation in DCs. Deficiency in CD103 accelerated early IFN-I in cDCs and prevented death in VSV infected animals. In conclusion, CD103 participates in regulation of cDC specific IFN-I induction and thereby influences immune activation after VSV infection.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/metabolism
- Dendritic Cells/virology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Genome-Wide Association Study
- Host-Pathogen Interactions
- Immunity, Innate
- Integrin alpha Chains/genetics
- Integrin alpha Chains/metabolism
- Interferon Type I/metabolism
- Mice, 129 Strain
- Mice, Inbred AKR
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C3H
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred DBA
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, Knockout
- Phosphorylation
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta/genetics
- Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Vesicular Stomatitis/genetics
- Vesicular Stomatitis/immunology
- Vesicular Stomatitis/metabolism
- Vesicular Stomatitis/virology
- Vesiculovirus/growth & development
- Vesiculovirus/pathogenicity
- Virus Replication
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Duhan
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Immunology in Cancer and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Vishal Khairnar
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Simo Kitanovski
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Thamer A. Hamdan
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Medical Laboratories, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Madaba, Amman, Jordan
| | - Andrés D. Klein
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Centro de Genética y Genómica, Universidad Del Desarrollo Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Santiago, Chile
| | - Judith Lang
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Murtaza Ali
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Tom Adomati
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Hilal Bhat
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sarah-Kim Friedrich
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Fanghui Li
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Philippe Krebs
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anthony H. Futerman
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Marylyn M. Addo
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Division of Infectious Diseases, 1st Department of Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, partner site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riemse, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Clinical Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cornelia Hardt
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Daniel Hoffmann
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Philipp A. Lang
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl S. Lang
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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34
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Karimi MM, Guo Y, Cui X, Pallikonda HA, Horková V, Wang YF, Gil SR, Rodriguez-Esteban G, Robles-Rebollo I, Bruno L, Georgieva R, Patel B, Elliott J, Dore MH, Dauphars D, Krangel MS, Lenhard B, Heyn H, Fisher AG, Štěpánek O, Merkenschlager M. The order and logic of CD4 versus CD8 lineage choice and differentiation in mouse thymus. Nat Commun 2021; 12:99. [PMID: 33397934 PMCID: PMC7782583 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20306-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
CD4 and CD8 mark helper and cytotoxic T cell lineages, respectively, and serve as coreceptors for MHC-restricted TCR recognition. How coreceptor expression is matched with TCR specificity is central to understanding CD4/CD8 lineage choice, but visualising coreceptor gene activity in individual selection intermediates has been technically challenging. It therefore remains unclear whether the sequence of coreceptor gene expression in selection intermediates follows a stereotypic pattern, or is responsive to signaling. Here we use single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to classify mouse thymocyte selection intermediates by coreceptor gene expression. In the unperturbed thymus, Cd4+Cd8a- selection intermediates appear before Cd4-Cd8a+ selection intermediates, but the timing of these subsets is flexible according to the strength of TCR signals. Our data show that selection intermediates discriminate MHC class prior to the loss of coreceptor expression and suggest a model where signal strength informs the timing of coreceptor gene activity and ultimately CD4/CD8 lineage choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad M Karimi
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ya Guo
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaokai Cui
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Husayn A Pallikonda
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Veronika Horková
- Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Yi-Fang Wang
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sara Ruiz Gil
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gustavo Rodriguez-Esteban
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Robles-Rebollo
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ludovica Bruno
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Radina Georgieva
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Bhavik Patel
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - James Elliott
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Marian H Dore
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Danielle Dauphars
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Michael S Krangel
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Boris Lenhard
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Holger Heyn
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amanda G Fisher
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ondřej Štěpánek
- Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Matthias Merkenschlager
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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35
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Tissue-Resident Lymphocytes: Implications in Immunotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010232. [PMID: 33379384 PMCID: PMC7796120 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a hard-to-treat cancer. The recent introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) provided viable options to treat HCC, but the response rate is currently not sufficient. Thus, a better understanding of ICI-responding cells within tumors is needed to improve outcomes of ICI treatment in HCC. Recently, tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells were defined as a subset of the memory T cell population; this cell population is actively under investigation to elucidate its role in anti-tumor immunity. In addition, the role of other tissue-resident populations such as tissue resident regulatory T (Treg) cells, mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, γδ T cells, and invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells in anti-tumor immunity is also actively being investigated. However, there is no study that summarizes recent studies and discusses future perspectives in terms of tissue resident lymphocytes in HCC. In this review, we summarize key features of tissue-resident lymphocytes and their role in the anti-tumor immunity. Additionally, we review recent studies regarding the characteristics of tissue-resident lymphocytes in HCC and their role in ICI treatment and other immunotherapeutic strategies.
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36
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Takamura S. Divergence of Tissue-Memory T Cells: Distribution and Function-Based Classification. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2020; 12:cshperspect.a037762. [PMID: 32816841 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a037762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tissue-resident memory T cells (Trm) comprise the majority of memory cells in nonlymphoid tissues and play a predominant role in immunity at barrier surfaces. A better understanding of Trm cell maintenance and function is essential for the development of vaccines that confer frontline protection. However, it is currently challenging to precisely distinguish Trm cells from other T cells, and this has led to confusion in the literature. Here we highlight gaps in our understanding of tissue memory and discuss recent advances in the classification of Trm cell subsets based on their distribution and functional characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiki Takamura
- Department of Immunology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
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37
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Takamura S. Impact of multiple hits with cognate antigen on memory CD8+ T-cell fate. Int Immunol 2020; 32:571-581. [PMID: 32506114 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxaa039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Antigen-driven activation of CD8+ T cells results in the development of a robust anti-pathogen response and ultimately leads to the establishment of long-lived memory T cells. During the primary response, CD8+ T cells interact multiple times with cognate antigen on distinct types of antigen-presenting cells. The timing, location and context of these antigen encounters significantly impact the differentiation programs initiated in the cells. Moderate re-activation in the periphery promotes the establishment of the tissue-resident memory T cells that serve as sentinels at the portal of pathogen entry. Under some circumstances, moderate re-activation of T cells in the periphery can result in the excessive expansion and accumulation of circulatory memory T cells, a process called memory inflation. In contrast, excessive re-activation stimuli generally impede conventional T-cell differentiation programs and can result in T-cell exhaustion. However, these conditions can also elicit a small population of exhausted T cells with a memory-like signature and self-renewal capability that are capable of responding to immunotherapy, and restoration of functional activity. Although it is clear that antigen re-encounter during the primary immune response has a significant impact on memory T-cell development, we still do not understand the molecular details that drive these fate decisions. Here, we review our understanding of how antigen encounters and re-activation events impact the array of memory CD8+ T-cell subsets subsequently generated. Identification of the molecular programs that drive memory T-cell generation will advance the development of new vaccine strategies that elicit high-quality CD8+ T-cell memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiki Takamura
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan
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Chen P, Ming S, Lao J, Li C, Wang H, Xiong L, Zhang S, Liang Z, Niu X, Deng S, Geng L, Wu M, Wu Y, Gong S. CD103 Promotes the Pro-inflammatory Response of Gastric Resident CD4 + T Cell in Helicobacter pylori-Positive Gastritis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:436. [PMID: 32974219 PMCID: PMC7472738 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
CD103 is considered as a surface marker for the resident immune cells. However, little is known about the intrinsic function of CD103 in infection and inflammation. In this study, we found that CD103 was highly expressed in CD4+T cells of the gastric mucosa from patients with H. pylori-positive gastritis. Mucosal resident CD103+CD4+T cells exhibited an increase in the CD45RO+CCR7− effector memory phenotype and high expression of the chemokine receptors CXCR3 and CCR9 compared with those in CD103−CD4+T cells. An In vitro coculture study demonstrated that H. pylori-specific antigen CagA/VacA-primed dendritic cells (DCs) induced proliferation and IFN-γ, TNF as well as IL-17 production by CD103+CD4+T cells from patients with H. pylori-positive gastritis, while blocking CD103 with a neutralizing antibody reduced proliferation and IFN-γ, TNF, and IL-17 production by CD103+CD4+T cells cocultured with DCs. Moreover, immunoprecipitation revealed that CD103 interacted with TCR α/β and CD3ζ, and activation of CD103 enhanced the phosphorylation of ZAP70 induced by the TCR signal. Finally, increased T-bet and Blimp1 levels were also observed in CD103+CD4+T cells, and activating CD103 increased T-bet and Blimp1 expression in CD4+T cells. Our results explored the intrinsic function of CD103 in gastric T cells from patients with H. pylori-positive gastritis, which may provide a therapeutic target for the treatment of gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siqi Ming
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Zhongshan School of Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juanfeng Lao
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Zhongshan School of Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunna Li
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Zhongshan School of Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongli Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liya Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shunxian Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zibin Liang
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Zhongshan School of Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Niu
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Zhongshan School of Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Simei Deng
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Zhongshan School of Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lanlan Geng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minhao Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Center for Infection and Immunity, Zhongshan School of Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongjian Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Center for Infection and Immunity, Zhongshan School of Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sitang Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Abd Hamid M, Peng Y, Dong T. Human cancer germline antigen-specific cytotoxic T cell-what can we learn from patient. Cell Mol Immunol 2020; 17:684-692. [PMID: 32451453 PMCID: PMC7331575 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-020-0468-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, we will highlight the importance of cancer germline antigen-specific cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes (CTL) and the factors affecting antitumor CTL responses. In light of cancer immunotherapy, we will emphasis the need to further understand the features, characteristics, and actions of modulatory receptors of human cancer germline-specific CTLs, in order to determine the optimal conditions for antitumor CTL responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megat Abd Hamid
- Nufield Department of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yanchun Peng
- Nufield Department of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tao Dong
- Nufield Department of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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40
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Workel HH, van Rooij N, Plat A, Spierings DC, Fehrmann RSN, Nijman HW, de Bruyn M. Transcriptional Activity and Stability of CD39+CD103+CD8+ T Cells in Human High-Grade Endometrial Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3770. [PMID: 32471032 PMCID: PMC7312498 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells (TIL) are of the utmost importance in anti-tumor immunity. CD103 defines tumor-resident memory T cells (TRM cells) associated with improved survival and response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) across human tumors. Co-expression of CD39 and CD103 marks tumor-specific TRM with enhanced cytolytic potential, suggesting that CD39+CD103+ TRM could be a suitable biomarker for immunotherapy. However, little is known about the transcriptional activity of TRM cells in situ. We analyzed CD39+CD103+ TRM cells sorted from human high-grade endometrial cancers (n = 3) using mRNA sequencing. Cells remained untreated or were incubated with PMA/ionomycin (activation), actinomycin D (a platinum-like chemotherapeutic that inhibits transcription), or a combination of the two. Resting CD39+CD103+ TRM cells were transcriptionally active and expressed a characteristic TRM signature. Activated CD39+CD103+ TRM cells differentially expressed PLEK, TWNK, and FOS, and cytokine genes IFNG, TNF, IL2, CSF2 (GM-CSF), and IL21. Findings were confirmed using qPCR and cytokine production was validated by flow cytometry of cytotoxic TIL. We studied transcript stability and found that PMA-responsive genes and mitochondrial genes were particularly stable. In conclusion, CD39+CD103+ TRM cells are transcriptionally active TRM cells with a polyfunctional, reactivation-responsive repertoire. Secondly, we hypothesize that differential regulation of transcript stability potentiates rapid responses upon TRM reactivation in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagma H. Workel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (H.H.W.); (N.v.R.); (A.P.); (H.W.N.)
| | - Nienke van Rooij
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (H.H.W.); (N.v.R.); (A.P.); (H.W.N.)
| | - Annechien Plat
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (H.H.W.); (N.v.R.); (A.P.); (H.W.N.)
| | - Diana C.J. Spierings
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Rudolf S. N. Fehrmann
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Hans W. Nijman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (H.H.W.); (N.v.R.); (A.P.); (H.W.N.)
| | - Marco de Bruyn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (H.H.W.); (N.v.R.); (A.P.); (H.W.N.)
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Zurli V, Montecchi T, Heilig R, Poschke I, Volkmar M, Wimmer G, Boncompagni G, Turacchio G, D'Elios MM, Campoccia G, Resta N, Offringa R, Fischer R, Acuto O, Baldari CT, Kabanova A. Phosphoproteomics of CD2 signaling reveals AMPK-dependent regulation of lytic granule polarization in cytotoxic T cells. Sci Signal 2020; 13:13/631/eaaz1965. [PMID: 32398348 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaz1965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the costimulatory signaling that enhances the activity of cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) could identify potential targets for immunotherapy. Here, we report that CD2 costimulation plays a critical role in target cell killing by freshly isolated human CD8+ T cells, which represent a challenging but valuable model to gain insight into CTL biology. We found that CD2 stimulation critically enhanced signaling by the T cell receptor in the formation of functional immune synapses by promoting the polarization of lytic granules toward the microtubule-organizing center (MTOC). To gain insight into the underlying mechanism, we explored the CD2 signaling network by phosphoproteomics, which revealed 616 CD2-regulated phosphorylation events in 373 proteins implicated in the regulation of vesicular trafficking, cytoskeletal organization, autophagy, and metabolism. Signaling by the master metabolic regulator AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) was a critical node in the CD2 network, which promoted granule polarization toward the MTOC in CD8+ T cells. Granule trafficking was driven by active AMPK enriched on adjacent lysosomes, revealing previously uncharacterized signaling cross-talk between vesicular compartments in CD8+ T cells. Our results thus establish CD2 signaling as key for mediating cytotoxic killing and granule polarization in freshly isolated CD8+ T cells and strengthen the rationale to choose CD2 and AMPK as therapeutic targets to enhance CTL activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Zurli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Tommaso Montecchi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Raphael Heilig
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Isabel Poschke
- Division of Molecular Oncology of Gastrointestinal Tumors, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Michael Volkmar
- Division of Molecular Oncology of Gastrointestinal Tumors, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Giuliana Wimmer
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Gioia Boncompagni
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Gabriele Turacchio
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Milco D'Elios
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Campoccia
- Department of Immune Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital of Siena, viale Bracci 16, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Resta
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari, Policlinico Hospital, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Rienk Offringa
- Division of Molecular Oncology of Gastrointestinal Tumors, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.,Department of Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Roman Fischer
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Oreste Acuto
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | | | - Anna Kabanova
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, Siena 53100, Italy.
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42
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Abd Hamid M, Colin-York H, Khalid-Alham N, Browne M, Cerundolo L, Chen JL, Yao X, Rosendo-Machado S, Waugh C, Maldonado-Perez D, Bowes E, Verrill C, Cerundolo V, Conlon CP, Fritzsche M, Peng Y, Dong T. Self-Maintaining CD103 + Cancer-Specific T Cells Are Highly Energetic with Rapid Cytotoxic and Effector Responses. Cancer Immunol Res 2020; 8:203-216. [PMID: 31771983 PMCID: PMC7611226 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-19-0554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Enrichment of CD103+ tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes (TIL) is associated with improved outcomes in patients. However, the characteristics of human CD103+ cytotoxic CD8+ T cells (CTL) and their role in tumor control remain unclear. We investigated the features and antitumor mechanisms of CD103+ CTLs by assessing T-cell receptor (TCR)-matched CD103+ and CD103- cancer-specific CTL immunity in vitro and its immunophenotype ex vivo Interestingly, we found that differentiated CD103+ cancer-specific CTLs expressed the active form of TGFβ1 to continually self-regulate CD103 expression, without relying on external TGFβ1-producing cells. The presence of CD103 on CTLs improved TCR antigen sensitivity, which enabled faster cancer recognition and rapid antitumor cytotoxicity. These CD103+ CTLs had elevated energetic potential and faster migration capacity. However, they had increased inhibitory receptor coexpression and elevated T-cell apoptosis following prolonged cancer exposure. Our data provide fundamental insights into the properties of matured human CD103+ cancer-specific CTLs, which could have important implications for future designs of tissue-localized cancer immunotherapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megat Abd Hamid
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Huw Colin-York
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nasullah Khalid-Alham
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Molly Browne
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Lucia Cerundolo
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ji-Li Chen
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Xuan Yao
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Samara Rosendo-Machado
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Craig Waugh
- Flow Cytometry Facility, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - David Maldonado-Perez
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Bowes
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Clare Verrill
- Oxford National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Vincenzo Cerundolo
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher P Conlon
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Fritzsche
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yanchun Peng
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Tao Dong
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Thompson JC, Hwang WT, Davis C, Deshpande C, Jeffries S, Rajpurohit Y, Krishna V, Smirnov D, Verona R, Lorenzi MV, Langer CJ, Albelda SM. Gene signatures of tumor inflammation and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) predict responses to immune checkpoint blockade in lung cancer with high accuracy. Lung Cancer 2019; 139:1-8. [PMID: 31683225 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2019.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has resulted in striking clinical responses, but only in a subset of patients. The goal of this study was to evaluate transcriptional signatures previously reported in the literature in an independent cohort of NSCLC patients receiving ICB. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study analyzed transcriptional profiles from pre-treatment tumor samples of 52 chemotherapy-refractory advanced NSCLC patients treated with anti-PD1/PD-L1 therapy. Gene signatures based on published reports were created and examined for their association with response to therapy and progression-free and overall survival (PFS, OS). RESULTS Two signatures predicting response and outcomes were identified. One reflected the degree of immune infiltration and upregulation of interferon-gamma-induced genes. A second reflected the EMT status. Compared to those not responding to therapy, patients whose tumors responded to ICB had higher scores in an inflammatory gene signature (6.0 ± 2.9 vs -5.5 ± 3.4, p = 0.014) or a more epithelial phenotype (-1.7 ± 1.0 vs 2.1 ± 1.2, p = 0.016). Both signatures demonstrated a satisfactory predictive accuracy for response: AUC of 0.69 (95% CI: 0.54, 0.84) for the inflammatory and 0.70 (95% CI: 0.55, 0.85) for EMT signatures, respectively. A weighted score combining EMT and inflammatory signatures showed increased predictive value with AUC of 0.92 (95% CI: 0.85, 0.99). Kaplan-Meier curves for patients above and below the median combined score showed a significant separation for PFS and OS (all p < 0.01, log rank test). CONCLUSIONS The EMT/Inflammation signature score may be useful in directing checkpoint inhibitor therapy in lung cancer and suggests that reversal of EMT might augment efficacy of ICB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey C Thompson
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Group, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
| | - Wei-Ting Hwang
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Christiana Davis
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Charuhas Deshpande
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Seth Jeffries
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | | | - Vinod Krishna
- Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA, United States
| | - Denis Smirnov
- Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA, United States
| | - Raluca Verona
- Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA, United States
| | | | - Corey J Langer
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Steven M Albelda
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Group, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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44
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Leclerc M, Voilin E, Gros G, Corgnac S, de Montpréville V, Validire P, Bismuth G, Mami-Chouaib F. Regulation of antitumour CD8 T-cell immunity and checkpoint blockade immunotherapy by Neuropilin-1. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3345. [PMID: 31350404 PMCID: PMC6659631 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11280-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropilin-1 (Nrp-1) is a marker for murine CD4+FoxP3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells, a subset of human CD4+ Treg cells, and a population of CD8+ T cells infiltrating certain solid tumours. However, whether Nrp-1 regulates tumour-specific CD8 T-cell responses is still unclear. Here we show that Nrp-1 defines a subset of CD8+ T cells displaying PD-1hi status and infiltrating human lung cancer. Interaction of Nrp-1 with its ligand semaphorin-3A inhibits migration and tumour-specific lytic function of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. In vivo, Nrp-1+PD-1hi CD8+ tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) in B16F10 melanoma are enriched for tumour-reactive T cells exhibiting an exhausted state, expressing Tim-3, LAG-3 and CTLA-4 inhibitory receptors. Anti-Nrp-1 neutralising antibodies enhance the migration and cytotoxicity of Nrp-1+PD-1hi CD8+ TIL ex vivo, while in vivo immunotherapeutic blockade of Nrp-1 synergises with anti-PD-1 to enhance CD8+ T-cell proliferation, cytotoxicity and tumour control. Thus, Nrp-1 could be a target for developing combined immunotherapies. Neuropilin-1 (Nrp-1) is a marker for CD4 + regulatory T cells. Here the authors show that Nrp-1 is co-expressed with PD-1 on a subset of CD8 tumour-infiltrating T lymphocytes and inhibits T-cell migration and cytotoxicity when bound by its ligand semaphorin-3A, while blockade of Nrp-1 synergises with anti-PD-1 to promote antitumour immunity in mouse tumour models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Leclerc
- INSERM UMR 1186, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Faculté de Médecine-Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Elodie Voilin
- INSERM UMR 1186, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Faculté de Médecine-Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Gwendoline Gros
- INSERM UMR 1186, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Faculté de Médecine-Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Stéphanie Corgnac
- INSERM UMR 1186, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Faculté de Médecine-Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Vincent de Montpréville
- INSERM UMR 1186, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Faculté de Médecine-Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France.,Centre chirurgical Marie-Lannelongue, Service d'Anatomie Pathologie, 92350, Le-Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Pierre Validire
- Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Service d'Anatomie pathologique, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Georges Bismuth
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, 75014, Paris, France.,CNRS, Unité mixte de Recherche 8104, 75014, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Fathia Mami-Chouaib
- INSERM UMR 1186, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Faculté de Médecine-Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France.
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Park SL, Gebhardt T, Mackay LK. Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells in Cancer Immunosurveillance. Trends Immunol 2019; 40:735-747. [PMID: 31255505 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Following their activation and expansion in response to foreign threats, many T cells are retained in peripheral tissues without recirculating in the blood. These tissue-resident CD8+ memory T (TRM) cells patrol barrier surfaces and nonlymphoid organs, where their critical role in protecting against viral and bacterial infections is well established. Recent evidence suggests that TRM cells also play a vital part in preventing the development and spread of solid tumors. Here, we discuss the emerging role of TRM cells in anticancer immunity. We highlight defining features of tumor-localizing TRM cells, examine the mechanisms through which they have recently been shown to suppress cancer growth, and explore their potential as future targets of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone L Park
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Thomas Gebhardt
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Laura K Mackay
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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Mami-Chouaib F, Tartour E. Editorial: Tissue Resident Memory T Cells. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1018. [PMID: 31191515 PMCID: PMC6546023 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fathia Mami-Chouaib
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Genetic Oncology, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Fac. de Médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Eric Tartour
- INSERM U970, PARCC (Paris Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Paris, France
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Shields BD, Koss B, Taylor EM, Storey AJ, West KL, Byrum SD, Mackintosh SG, Edmondson R, Mahmoud F, Shalin SC, Tackett AJ. Loss of E-Cadherin Inhibits CD103 Antitumor Activity and Reduces Checkpoint Blockade Responsiveness in Melanoma. Cancer Res 2019; 79:1113-1123. [PMID: 30674537 PMCID: PMC6420873 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-1722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Identifying controlling features of responsiveness to checkpoint blockade therapies is an urgent goal in oncology research. Our group and others have previously shown melanoma tumors resistant to checkpoint blockade display features of mesenchymal transition, including E-cadherin loss. Here, we present the first in vivo evidence that E-cadherin from tumor cells facilitate immune attack, using a B16F10 melanoma mouse model in which E-cadherin is exogenously expressed (B16.Ecad). We find, compared with vector control, B16.Ecad exhibits delayed tumor growth, reduced metastatic potential, and increased overall survival in vivo. Transplantation of B16.Ecad into Rag1-/- and CD103-/- mice abrogated the tumor growth delay. This indicates the anti-melanoma response against B16.Ecad is both immune and CD103+ mediated. Moreover, B16.Ecad showed increased responsiveness to combination immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) compared with vector control. This work establishes a rationale for ICB responses observed in high E-cadherin-expressing tumors and suggests therapeutic advancement through amplifying CD103+ immune cell subsets.Significance: These findings identify the mechanism behind checkpoint blockade resistance observed in melanoma that has undergone mesenchymal transition and suggest activation of CD103+ immune cells as a therapeutic strategy against other E-cadherin-expressing malignancies.Graphical Abstract: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/79/6/1113/F1.large.jpg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley D Shields
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Brian Koss
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Erin M Taylor
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Aaron J Storey
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Kirk L West
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Stephanie D Byrum
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Samuel G Mackintosh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Rick Edmondson
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Fade Mahmoud
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Sara C Shalin
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Alan J Tackett
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas.
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, Arkansas
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Abstract
Innate lymphocytes play critical roles in maintaining tissue homeostasis and integrity of the host at steady state and during pathogenic insults. The successive identification of new innate lymphocyte subsets has revealed an incredible diversity within the family. While this heterogeneous population can be grouped based on their cytotoxic potential into exclusively cytokine-producing helpers and cytolytic killers, the exact developmental relationships between the subsets are not fully understood. The former group is enriched at mucosal surfaces, whereas innate lymphocytes with cytotoxic potential can be identified in a wider array of tissues, including tumors. Although their cytotoxicity suggests an antitumor role, the nature of tumor-elicited innate lymphocyte responses has only begun to be investigated, and the identities of participating subsets still remain contentious. In this review, we provide a brief overview of innate lymphocyte biology, review the current knowledge on their ontogeny, and discuss their roles in tumor immunosurveillance. Cancer Immunol Res; 6(4); 372-7. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Chou
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Ming O Li
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
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Swain S, Roe MM, Sebrell TA, Sidar B, Dankoff J, VanAusdol R, Smythies LE, Smith PD, Bimczok D. CD103 (αE Integrin) Undergoes Endosomal Trafficking in Human Dendritic Cells, but Does Not Mediate Epithelial Adhesion. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2989. [PMID: 30622531 PMCID: PMC6308147 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC) expression of CD103, the α subunit of αEβ7 integrin, is thought to enable DC interactions with E-cadherin-expressing gastrointestinal epithelia for improved mucosal immunosurveillance. In the stomach, efficient DC surveillance of the epithelial barrier is crucial for the induction of immune responses to H. pylori, the causative agent of peptic ulcers and gastric cancer. However, gastric DCs express only low levels of surface CD103, as we previously showed. We here tested the hypothesis that intracellular pools of CD103 in human gastric DCs can be redistributed to the cell surface for engagement of epithelial cell-expressed E-cadherin to promote DC-epithelial cell adhesion. In support of our hypothesis, immunofluorescence analysis of tissue sections showed that CD103+ gastric DCs were preferentially localized within the gastric epithelial layer. Flow cytometry and imaging cytometry revealed that human gastric DCs expressed intracellular CD103, corroborating our previous findings in monocyte-derived DCs (MoDCs). Using confocal microscopy, we show that CD103 was present in endosomal compartments, where CD103 partially co-localized with clathrin, early endosome antigen-1 and Rab11, suggesting that CD103 undergoes endosomal trafficking similar to β1 integrins. Dynamic expression of CD103 on human MoDCs was confirmed by internalization assay. To analyze whether DC-expressed CD103 promotes adhesion to E-cadherin, we performed adhesion and spreading assays on E-cadherin-coated glass slides. In MoDCs generated in the presence of retinoic acid, which express increased CD103, intracellular CD103 significantly redistributed toward the E-cadherin-coated glass surface. However, DCs spreading and adhesion did not differ between E-cadherin-coated slides and slides coated with serum alone. In adhesion assays using E-cadherin-positive HT-29 cells, DC binding was significantly improved by addition of Mn2+ and decreased in the presence of EGTA, consistent with the dependence of integrin-based interactions on divalent cations. However, retinoic acid failed to increase DC adhesion, and a CD103 neutralizing antibody was unable to inhibit DC binding to the E-cadherin positive cells. In contrast, a blocking antibody to DC-expressed E-cadherin significantly reduced DC binding to the epithelium. Overall, these data indicate that CD103 engages in DC-epithelial cell interactions upon contact with epithelial E-cadherin, but is not a major driver of DC adhesion to gastrointestinal epithelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Swain
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Mandi M. Roe
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Thomas A. Sebrell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Barkan Sidar
- Chemical and Biological Engineering Department, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Jennifer Dankoff
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Rachel VanAusdol
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Lesley E. Smythies
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Phillip D. Smith
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Diane Bimczok
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
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Molodtsov A, Turk MJ. Tissue Resident CD8 Memory T Cell Responses in Cancer and Autoimmunity. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2810. [PMID: 30555481 PMCID: PMC6281983 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Resident memory (TRM) cells are a distinct tissue-localized T cell lineage that is crucial for protective immunity in peripheral tissues. While a great deal of effort has focused on defining their role in immunity to infections, studies now reveal TRM cells as a vital component of the host immune response to cancer. Characterized by cell-surface molecules including CD103, CD69, and CD49a, TRM-like tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) can be found in a wide range of human cancers, where they portend improved prognosis. Recent studies in mouse tumor models have shown that TRM cells are induced by cancer vaccines delivered in peripheral tissue sites, or by the depletion of regulatory T cells. Such tumor-specific TRM cells are recognized as both necessary and sufficient for long-lived protection against tumors in peripheral tissue locations. TRM responses against tumor/self-antigens can concurrently result in the development of pathogenic TRM responses to self, with a growing number of autoimmune diseases and inflammatory pathologies being attributed to TRM responses. This review will recount the path to discovering the importance of resident memory CD8 T cells as they pertain to cancer immunity. In addition to highlighting key studies that directly implicate TRM cells in anti-tumor immunity, we will highlight earlier work that implicitly suggested their importance. Informed by studies in infectious disease models, and instructed by a clear role for TRM cells in autoimmunity, we will discuss strategies for therapeutically promoting TRM responses in settings where they don't naturally occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksey Molodtsov
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Mary Jo Turk
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States
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