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Zhang W, Lang R. Succinate metabolism: a promising therapeutic target for inflammation, ischemia/reperfusion injury and cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1266973. [PMID: 37808079 PMCID: PMC10556696 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1266973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Succinate serves as an essential circulating metabolite within the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and functions as a substrate for succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), thereby contributing to energy production in fundamental mitochondrial metabolic pathways. Aberrant changes in succinate concentrations have been associated with pathological states, including chronic inflammation, ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury, and cancer, resulting from the exaggerated response of specific immune cells, thereby rendering it a central area of investigation. Recent studies have elucidated the pivotal involvement of succinate and SDH in immunity beyond metabolic processes, particularly in the context of cancer. Current scientific endeavors are concentrated on comprehending the functional repercussions of metabolic modifications, specifically pertaining to succinate and SDH, in immune cells operating within a hypoxic milieu. The efficacy of targeting succinate and SDH alterations to manipulate immune cell functions in hypoxia-related diseases have been demonstrated. Consequently, a comprehensive understanding of succinate's role in metabolism and the regulation of SDH is crucial for effectively targeting succinate and SDH as therapeutic interventions to influence the progression of specific diseases. This review provides a succinct overview of the latest advancements in comprehending the emerging functions of succinate and SDH in metabolic processes. Furthermore, it explores the involvement of succinate, an intermediary of the TCA cycle, in chronic inflammation, IR injury, and cancer, with particular emphasis on the mechanisms underlying succinate accumulation. This review critically assesses the potential of modulating succinate accumulation and metabolism within the hypoxic milieu as a means to combat various diseases. It explores potential targets for therapeutic interventions by focusing on succinate metabolism and the regulation of SDH in hypoxia-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ren Lang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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2
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Khallouki F, Hajji L, Saber S, Bouddine T, Edderkaoui M, Bourhia M, Mir N, Lim A, El Midaoui A, Giesy JP, Aboul-Soud MAM, Silvente-Poirot S, Poirot M. An Update on Tamoxifen and the Chemo-Preventive Potential of Vitamin E in Breast Cancer Management. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13050754. [PMID: 37240924 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13050754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common female cancer in terms of incidence and mortality worldwide. Tamoxifen (Nolvadex) is a widely prescribed, oral anti-estrogen drug for the hormonal treatment of estrogen-receptor-positive BC, which represents 70% of all BC subtypes. This review assesses the current knowledge on the molecular pharmacology of tamoxifen in terms of its anticancer and chemo-preventive actions. Due to the importance of vitamin E compounds, which are widely taken as a supplementary dietary component, the review focuses only on the potential importance of vitamin E in BC chemo-prevention. The chemo-preventive and onco-protective effects of tamoxifen combined with the potential effects of vitamin E can alter the anticancer actions of tamoxifen. Therefore, methods involving an individually designed, nutritional intervention for patients with BC warrant further consideration. These data are of great importance for tamoxifen chemo-prevention strategies in future epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farid Khallouki
- Biology Department, FSTE, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, BP 609, Errachidia 52000, Morocco
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, BP. 11201 Zitoune, Meknes 50050, Morocco
| | - Lhoussain Hajji
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, BP. 11201 Zitoune, Meknes 50050, Morocco
| | - Somayya Saber
- Biology Department, FSTE, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, BP 609, Errachidia 52000, Morocco
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, BP. 11201 Zitoune, Meknes 50050, Morocco
| | - Toufik Bouddine
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, BP. 11201 Zitoune, Meknes 50050, Morocco
| | - Mouad Edderkaoui
- Departments of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center & University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Mohammed Bourhia
- Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Technical Health, Laayoune 70000, Morocco
| | - Nora Mir
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, BP. 11201 Zitoune, Meknes 50050, Morocco
| | - Adrian Lim
- Departments of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center & University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Adil El Midaoui
- Biology Department, FSTE, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, BP 609, Errachidia 52000, Morocco
| | - John P Giesy
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada
- Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA
| | - Mourad A M Aboul-Soud
- Medical and Molecular Genetics Research, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sandrine Silvente-Poirot
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, UMR 1037 INSERM, UMR 5071 CNRS, University of Toulouse III, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, 31037 Toulouse, France
- French Network for Nutrition And Cancer Research (NACRe Network), 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Marc Poirot
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, UMR 1037 INSERM, UMR 5071 CNRS, University of Toulouse III, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, 31037 Toulouse, France
- French Network for Nutrition And Cancer Research (NACRe Network), 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
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Ragab EM, El Gamal DM, Mohamed TM, Khamis AA. Impairment of electron transport chain and induction of apoptosis by chrysin nanoparticles targeting succinate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase in pancreatic and lung cancer cells. GENES & NUTRITION 2023; 18:4. [PMID: 36906524 PMCID: PMC10008604 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-023-00723-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flavonoids may help ameliorate the incidence of the major causes of tumor-related mortality, such as pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and lung cancer, which are predicted to steadily increase between 2020 to 2030. Here we compared the effect of chrysin and chrysin nanoparticles (CCNPs) with 5-fluorouracil (5-FLU) on the activity and expression of mitochondrial complex II (CII) to induce apoptosis in pancreatic (PANC-1) and lung (A549) cancer cells. METHODS Chrysin nanoparticles (CCNPs) were synthesized and characterized, and the IC50 was evaluated in normal, PANC-1, and A549 cell lines using the MTT assay. The effect of chrysin and CCNPs on CΙΙ activity, superoxide dismutase activity, and mitochondria swelling were evaluated. Apoptosis was assessed using flow cytometry, and expression of the C and D subunits of SDH, sirtuin-3 (SIRT-3), and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α) was evaluated using RT-qPCR. RESULTS The IC50 of CII subunit C and D binding to chrysin was determined and used to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment on the activity of SDH with ubiquinone oxidoreductase. Enzyme activity was significantly decreased (chrysin < CCNPs < 5-FLU and CCNPs < chrysin < 5-FLU, respectively), which was confirmed by the significant decrease of expression of SDH C and D, SIRT-3, and HIF-1α mRNA (CCNPs < chrysin < 5-FLU). There was also a significant increase in the apoptotic effects (CCNPs > chrysin > 5-FLU) in both PANC-1 and A549 cells and a significant increase in mitochondria swelling (CCNPs < chrysin < 5-FLU and CCNPs > chrysin > 5-FLU, respectively) than that in non-cancerous cells. CONCLUSION Treatment with CCNPs improved the effect of chrysin on succinate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase activity and expression and therefore has the potential as a more efficient formulation than chemotherapy to prevent metastasis and angiogenesis by targeting HIF-1α in PDAC and lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M Ragab
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Doaa M El Gamal
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Tarek M Mohamed
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Abeer A Khamis
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
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Hyroššová P, Milošević M, Škoda J, Vachtenheim Jr J, Rohlena J, Rohlenová K. Effects of metabolic cancer therapy on tumor microenvironment. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1046630. [PMID: 36582801 PMCID: PMC9793001 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1046630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting tumor metabolism for cancer therapy is an old strategy. In fact, historically the first effective cancer therapeutics were directed at nucleotide metabolism. The spectrum of metabolic drugs considered in cancer increases rapidly - clinical trials are in progress for agents directed at glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, glutaminolysis and several others. These pathways are essential for cancer cell proliferation and redox homeostasis, but are also required, to various degrees, in other cell types present in the tumor microenvironment, including immune cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts. How metabolism-targeted treatments impact these tumor-associated cell types is not fully understood, even though their response may co-determine the overall effectivity of therapy. Indeed, the metabolic dependencies of stromal cells have been overlooked for a long time. Therefore, it is important that metabolic therapy is considered in the context of tumor microenvironment, as understanding the metabolic vulnerabilities of both cancer and stromal cells can guide new treatment concepts and help better understand treatment resistance. In this review we discuss recent findings covering the impact of metabolic interventions on cellular components of the tumor microenvironment and their implications for metabolic cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Hyroššová
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Mirko Milošević
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Josef Škoda
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jiří Vachtenheim Jr
- 3rd Department of Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jakub Rohlena
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Kateřina Rohlenová
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
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Effect of α-Tocopheryloxy Acetic Acid on the Infection of Mice with Plasmodium berghei ANKA In Vivo and Humans with P. falciparum In Vitro. Acta Parasitol 2022; 67:1514-1520. [PMID: 35951222 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-022-00604-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Malarial parasites are susceptible to oxidative stress. The effects of α-tocopheryloxy acetic acid (α-TEA), a vitamin E analog, on infection by Plasmodium berghei ANKA and P. falciparum in mice and human red blood cells (RBCs), respectively, were examined in this study. METHODS For in vivo studies in mice, RBCs infected with P. berghei ANKA were inoculated via intraperitoneal injection and α-TEA was administered to C57BL/6 J male mice after infection. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability was examined by Evans blue staining in experimental cerebral malaria at 7 days after infection. The in vitro inhibitory effect of α-TEA on P. falciparum 3D7 (chloroquine-sensitive strain) and K1 (multidrug-resistant strain) was tested using a SYBR Green I-based assay. RESULTS When 1.5% α-TEA was administered for 14 days after infection, 88% of P. berghei ANKA-infected mice survived during the experimental period. Nevertheless, all the control mice died within 12 days of infection. Furthermore, the Evans blue intensity in α-TEA-treated mice brains was less than that in untreated mice, indicating that α-TEA might inhibit the destruction of the BBB and progression of cerebral malaria. The in vitro experiment revealed that α-TEA inhibited the proliferation of both the 3D7 and K1 strains. CONCLUSION This study showed that α-TEA is effective against murine and human malaria in vivo and in vitro, respectively. Although α-TEA alone has a sufficient antimalarial effect, future research could focus on the structure-activity relationship to achieve better pharmacokinetics and decrease the cytotoxicity and/or the combined effect of α-TEA with existing drugs. In addition, the prophylactic antimalarial activity of premedication with α-TEA may also be an interesting perspective in the future.
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Liu Y, Zhang J, Tu Y, Zhu L. Potential-Independent Intracellular Drug Delivery and Mitochondrial Targeting. ACS NANO 2022; 16:1409-1420. [PMID: 34920667 PMCID: PMC9623822 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c09456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In this study, two types of the fluoroamphiphile analogs were synthesized and self-assembled into the "core-shell" micellar nanocarriers for intracellular delivery and organelle targeting. Using the fluorescent dyes or vitamin E succinate as the cargo, the drug delivery and targeting capabilities of the fluoroamphiphiles and their micelles were evaluated in the cell lines, tumor cell spheroids, and tumor-bearing mice. The "core-fluorinated" micelles exhibited favorable physicochemical properties and improved the cellular uptake of the cargo by around 20 times compared to their "shell-fluorinated" counterparts. The results also indicated that the core-fluorinated micelles underwent an efficient clathrin-mediated endocytosis and a rapid endosomal escape thereafter. Interestingly, the internalized fluoroamphiphile micelles preferentially accumulated in mitochondria, by which the efficacy of the loaded vitamin E succinate was boosted both in vitro and in vivo. Unlike the popularly used cationic mitochondrial targeting ligands, as a charge-neutral nanocarrier, the fluoroamphiphiles' mitochondrial targeting was potential independent. The mechanism study suggested that the strong binding affinity with the phospholipids, particularly the cardiolipin, played an important role in the fluoroamphiphiles' mitochondrial targeting. These charge-neutral fluoroamphiphiles might have great potential to be a simple and reliable tool for intracellular drug delivery and mitochondrial targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 330106, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Ying Tu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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Hadrava Vanova K, Yang C, Meuter L, Neuzil J, Pacak K. Reactive Oxygen Species: A Promising Therapeutic Target for SDHx-Mutated Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153769. [PMID: 34359671 PMCID: PMC8345159 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma are rare neuroendocrine tumors that arise from chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla or their neural crest progenitors located outside the adrenal gland, respectively. About 10–15% of patients develop metastatic disease for whom treatment options and availability are extremely limited. The risk of developing metastatic disease is increased for patients with mutations in succinate dehydrogenase subunit B, which leads to metabolic reprogramming and redox imbalance. From this perspective, we focus on redox imbalance caused by this mutation and explore potential opportunities to therapeutically target reactive oxygen species production in these rare tumors. Abstract Pheochromocytoma (PHEO) and paraganglioma (PGL) are rare neuroendocrine tumors derived from neural crest cells. Germline variants in approximately 20 PHEO/PGL susceptibility genes are found in about 40% of patients, half of which are found in the genes that encode succinate dehydrogenase (SDH). Patients with SDH subunit B (SDHB)-mutated PHEO/PGL exhibit a higher likelihood of developing metastatic disease, which can be partially explained by the metabolic cell reprogramming and redox imbalance caused by the mutation. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive molecules involved in a multitude of important signaling pathways. A moderate level of ROS production can help regulate cellular physiology; however, an excessive level of oxidative stress can lead to tumorigenic processes including stimulation of growth factor-dependent pathways and the induction of genetic instability. Tumor cells effectively exploit antioxidant enzymes in order to protect themselves against harmful intracellular ROS accumulation, which highlights the essential balance between ROS production and scavenging. Exploiting ROS accumulation can be used as a possible therapeutic strategy in ROS-scavenging tumor cells. Here, we focus on the role of ROS production in PHEO and PGL, predominantly in SDHB-mutated cases. We discuss potential strategies and approaches to anticancer therapies by enhancing ROS production in these difficult-to-treat tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Hadrava Vanova
- Section of Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (K.H.V.); (L.M.)
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, 252 50 Prague West, Czech Republic; or
| | - Chunzhang Yang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Leah Meuter
- Section of Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (K.H.V.); (L.M.)
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, 252 50 Prague West, Czech Republic; or
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Karel Pacak
- Section of Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (K.H.V.); (L.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(301)-402-4594
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Schwerdtfeger M, Desiderio V, Kobold S, Regad T, Zappavigna S, Caraglia M. Long non-coding RNAs in cancer stem cells. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101134. [PMID: 34051619 PMCID: PMC8176362 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non coding RNAs are involved in the regulation of multiple cellular processes. Cancer stemness and escape from immunological anti-cancer mechanisms are important mechanisms of resistance to anti-cancer agents and are pivotal in controlling cancer development and metastases. Long non coding RNAs have deep effects on the immune-modulation and on the control of cancer stem cells. Several pathways involved in immunological escape and cancer stemness are modulated by long non coding RNAs. Targeting long non coding RNAs is a potential new strategy to control tumor development and metastases.
In recent years, it has been evidenced that the human transcriptome includes several types of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that are mainly involved in the regulation of different cellular processes. Among ncRNAs, long-non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are defined as longer than 200 nucleotides and have been shown to be involved in several physiological and pathological events, including immune system regulation and cancer. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are defined as a population of cancer cells that possess characteristics, such as resistance to standard treatments, cancer initiation, ability to undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and the ability to invade, spread, and generate metastases. The cancer microenvironment, together with genetic and epigenetic factors, is fundamental for CSC maintenance and tumor growth and progression. Unsurprisingly, lncRNAs have been involved in both CSC biology and cancer progression, prognosis and recurrence. Here we review the most recent literature on IncRNAs involvement in CSC biology and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Schwerdtfeger
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy; Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU Munich, Germany, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)
| | - Vincenzo Desiderio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Sebastian Kobold
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU Munich, Germany, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL); German Center for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Partner site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tarik Regad
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Zappavigna
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
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Vitamin E succinate with multiple functions: A versatile agent in nanomedicine-based cancer therapy and its delivery strategies. Int J Pharm 2021; 600:120457. [PMID: 33676991 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin E succinate (VES), a succinic acid ester of vitamin E, is one of the most effective anticancer compounds of the vitamin E family. VES can inhibit tumor growth by multiple pathways mainly involve tumor proliferation inhibition, apoptosis induction, and metastasis prevention. More importantly, the mitochondrial targeting and damaging property of VES endows it with great potential in exhibiting synergetic effect with conventional chemotherapeutic drugs and overcoming multidrug resistance (MDR). Given the lipophilicity of VES that hinders its bioavailability and therapeutic activity, nanotechnology with multiple advantages has been widely explored to deliver VES and opened up new avenues for its in vivo application. This review aims to introduce the anticancer mechanisms of VES and summarize its delivery strategies using nano-drug delivery systems. Specifically, VES-based combination therapy for synergetic anticancer effect, MDR-reversal, and oral chemotherapy improvement are highlighted. Finally, the challenges and perspectives are discussed.
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Rathod S, Bahadur P, Tiwari S. Nanocarriers based on vitamin E-TPGS: Design principle and molecular insights into improving the efficacy of anticancer drugs. Int J Pharm 2021; 592:120045. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Xu Y, Xue D, Bankhead A, Neamati N. Why All the Fuss about Oxidative Phosphorylation (OXPHOS)? J Med Chem 2020; 63:14276-14307. [PMID: 33103432 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Certain subtypes of cancer cells require oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to survive. Increased OXPHOS dependency is frequently a hallmark of cancer stem cells and cells resistant to chemotherapy and targeted therapies. Suppressing the OXPHOS function might also influence the tumor microenvironment by alleviating hypoxia and improving the antitumor immune response. Thus, targeting OXPHOS is a promising strategy to treat various cancers. A growing arsenal of therapeutic agents is under development to inhibit this biological process. This Perspective provides an overview of the structure and function of OXPHOS complexes, their biological functions in cancer, relevant research tools and models, as well as the limitations of OXPHOS as drug targets. We also focus on the current development status of OXPHOS inhibitors and potential therapeutic strategies to strengthen their clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Ding Xue
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Armand Bankhead
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.,Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Nouri Neamati
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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Macasoi I, Mioc A, Mioc M, Racoviceanu R, Soica I, Chevereșan A, Dehelean C, Dumitrașcu V. Targeting Mitochondria through the Use of Mitocans as Emerging Anticancer Agents. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:5730-5757. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190712150638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are key players with a multi-functional role in many vital cellular processes,
such as energy metabolism, redox regulation, calcium homeostasis, Reactive Oxygen Species
(ROS) as well as in cell signaling, survival and apoptosis. These functions are mainly regulated
through important enzyme signaling cascades, which if altered may influence the outcome of cell
viability and apoptosis. Therefore some of the key enzymes that are vital for these signaling pathways
are emerging as important targets for new anticancer agent development. Mitocans are compounds
aimed at targeting mitochondria in cancer cells by altering mitochondrial functions thus
causing cell growth inhibition or apoptosis. This review summarizes the till present known classes
of mitocans, their mechanism of action and potential therapeutic use in different forms of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Macasoi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alexandra Mioc
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Marius Mioc
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Roxana Racoviceanu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Irina Soica
- Earlscliffe Sixth Form, Earlscliffe, 29 Shorncliffe Road, Folkestone, CT20 2NB, United Kingdom
| | - Adelina Chevereșan
- Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cristina Dehelean
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Victor Dumitrașcu
- Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu, Timisoara, Romania
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Natural Agents Targeting Mitochondria in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21196992. [PMID: 32977472 PMCID: PMC7582837 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21196992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the key energy provider to highly proliferating cancer cells, and are subsequently considered one of the critical targets in cancer therapeutics. Several compounds have been studied for their mitochondria-targeting ability in cancer cells. These studies’ outcomes have led to the invention of “mitocans”, a category of drug known to precisely target the cancer cells’ mitochondria. Based upon their mode of action, mitocans have been divided into eight classes. To date, different synthetic compounds have been suggested to be potential mitocans, but unfortunately, they are observed to exert adverse effects. Many studies have been published justifying the medicinal significance of large numbers of natural agents for their mitochondria-targeting ability and anticancer activities with minimal or no side effects. However, these natural agents have never been critically analyzed for their mitochondria-targeting activity. This review aims to evaluate the various natural agents affecting mitochondria and categorize them in different classes. Henceforth, our study may further support the potential mitocan behavior of various natural agents and highlight their significance in formulating novel potential anticancer therapeutics.
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14
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Li Y, Lin J, Wang P, Luo Q, Zhu F, Zhang Y, Hou Z, Liu X, Liu J. Tumor Microenvironment Cascade-Responsive Nanodrug with Self-Targeting Activation and ROS Regeneration for Synergistic Oxidation-Chemotherapy. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2020; 12:182. [PMID: 34138172 PMCID: PMC7770705 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-020-00492-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Carrier-free nanodrug with exceptionally high drug payload has attracted increasing attentions. Herein, we construct a pH/ROS cascade-responsive nanodrug which could achieve tumor acidity-triggered targeting activation followed by circularly amplified ROS-triggered drug release via positive-feedback loop. The di-selenide-bridged prodrug synthesized from vitamin E succinate and methotrexate (MTX) self-assembles into nanoparticles (VSeM); decorating acidity-cleavable PEG onto VSeM surface temporarily shields the targeting ability of MTX to evade immune clearance and consequently elongate circulation time. Upon reaching tumor sites, acidity-triggered detachment of PEG results in targeting recovery to enhance tumor cell uptake. Afterward, the VSeM could be dissociated in response to intracellular ROS to trigger VES/MTX release; then the released VES could produce extra ROS to accelerate the collapse of VSeM. Finally, the excessive ROS produced from VES could synergize with the released MTX to efficiently suppress tumor growth via orchestrated oxidation-chemotherapy. Our study provides a novel strategy to engineer cascade-responsive nanodrug for synergistic cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, People's Republic of China
- Department of Translational Medicine, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361024, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyan Lin
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiyuan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, People's Republic of China
- Department of Translational Medicine, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361024, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, People's Republic of China
- Department of Translational Medicine, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361024, People's Republic of China
| | - Fukai Zhu
- College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China
- Department of Translational Medicine, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361024, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenqing Hou
- College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China.
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Translational Medicine, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361024, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingfeng Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China.
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Translational Medicine, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361024, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Mitophagy contributes to alpha-tocopheryl succinate toxicity in GSNOR-deficient hepatocellular carcinoma. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 176:113885. [PMID: 32112881 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The downregulation of the denitrosylating enzyme S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR, EC:1.1.1.284), is a feature of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This condition causes mitochondrial rearrangements that sensitize these tumors to mitochondrial toxins, in particular to the mitochondrial complex II inhibitor alpha-tocopheryl succinate (αTOS). It has also been reported the GSNOR depletion impairs the selective degradation of mitochondria through mitophagy; however, if this contributes to GSNOR-deficient HCC cell sensitivity to αTOS and can be applied to anticancer therapies, is still not known. Here, we provide evidence that GSNOR-deficient HCC cells show defective mitophagy which contributes to αTOS toxicity. Mitophagy inhibition by Parkin (EC: 2.3.2.31) depletion enhances αTOS anticancer effects, thus suggesting that this drug could be effective in treating mitophagy-defective tumors.
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16
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Singh Y, Viswanadham KKDR, Pawar VK, Meher J, Jajoriya AK, Omer A, Jaiswal S, Dewangan J, Bora HK, Singh P, Rath SK, Lal J, Mishra DP, Chourasia MK. Induction of Mitochondrial Cell Death and Reversal of Anticancer Drug Resistance via Nanocarriers Composed of a Triphenylphosphonium Derivative of Tocopheryl Polyethylene Glycol Succinate. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:3744-3759. [PMID: 31441308 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We have devised a nanocarrier using "tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) conjugated to triphenylphosphonium cation" (TPP-TPGS) for improving the efficacy of doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX). Triphenylphosphonium cation (TPP) has affinity for an elevated transmembrane potential gradient (mitochondrial), which is usually high in cancer cells. Consequently, when tested in molecular docking and cytotoxicity assays, TPP-TPGS, owing to its structural similarity to mitochondrially directed anticancer compounds of the "tocopheryl succinate" family, interferes specifically in mitochondrial CII enzyme activity, increases intracellular oxidative stress, and induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells. DOX loaded nanocarrier (DTPP-TPGS) constructed using TPP-TPGS was positively charged, spherical in shape, sized below 100 nm, and had its drug content distributed evenly. DTPP-TPGS offers greater intracellular drug delivery due to its rapid endocytosis and subsequent endosomal escape. DTPP-TPGS also efficiently inhibits efflux transporter P glycoprotein (PgP), which, along with greater cell uptake and inherent cytotoxic activity of the construction material (TPP-TPGS), cumulatively results in 3-fold increment in anticancer activity of DOX in resistant breast cancer cells as well as greater induction of necroapoptosis and arrest in all phases of the cell cycle. DTPP-TPGS after intravenous administration in Balb/C mice with breast cancer accumulates preferentially in tumor tissue, which produces significantly greater antitumor activity when compared to DOX solution. Toxicity evaluation was also performed to confirm the safety of this formulation. Overall TPP-TPGS is a promising candidate for delivery of DOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuvraj Singh
- Pharmaceutics Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow - 226031 , India
| | | | - Vivek K Pawar
- Pharmaceutics Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow - 226031 , India
| | - Jayagopal Meher
- Pharmaceutics Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow - 226031 , India
| | - Arun Kumar Jajoriya
- Endocrinology Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow - 226031 , India
| | - Ankur Omer
- Division of Toxicology , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow - 226031 , India
| | - Swati Jaiswal
- Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow - 226031 , India
| | - Jayant Dewangan
- Division of Toxicology , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow - 226031 , India
| | - H K Bora
- Laboratory Animals Facility , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow - 226031 , India
| | - Poonam Singh
- CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute , Karaikudi - 630003 , Tamil Nadu India
| | - Srikanta Kumar Rath
- Division of Toxicology , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow - 226031 , India
| | - Jawahar Lal
- Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow - 226031 , India
| | - Durga Prasad Mishra
- Endocrinology Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow - 226031 , India
| | - Manish Kumar Chourasia
- Pharmaceutics Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow - 226031 , India
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17
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Barbato L, Bocchetti M, Di Biase A, Regad T. Cancer Stem Cells and Targeting Strategies. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080926. [PMID: 31426611 PMCID: PMC6721823 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance is a major problem in cancer therapy as cancer cells develop mechanisms that counteract the effect of chemotherapeutic compounds, leading to relapse and the development of more aggressive cancers that contribute to poor prognosis and survival rates of treated patients. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a key role in this event. Apart from their slow proliferative property, CSCs have developed a range of cellular processes that involve drug efflux, drug enzymatic inactivation and other mechanisms. In addition, the microenvironment where CSCs evolve (CSC niche), effectively contributes to their role in cancer initiation, progression and chemoresistance. In the CSC niche, immune cells, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), endothelial cells and cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) contribute to the maintenance of CSC malignancy via the secretion of factors that promote cancer progression and resistance to chemotherapy. Due to these factors that hinder successful cancer therapies, CSCs are a subject of intense research that aims at better understanding of CSC behaviour and at developing efficient targeting therapies. In this review, we provide an overview of cancer stem cells, their role in cancer initiation, progression and chemoresistance, and discuss the progress that has been made in the development of CSC targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Barbato
- The John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Marco Bocchetti
- The John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Di Biase
- The John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Tarik Regad
- The John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK.
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18
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Dalla Pozza E, Dando I, Pacchiana R, Liboi E, Scupoli MT, Donadelli M, Palmieri M. Regulation of succinate dehydrogenase and role of succinate in cancer. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2019; 98:4-14. [PMID: 31039394 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) has been classically considered a mitochondrial enzyme with the unique property to participate in both the citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain. However, in recent years, several studies have highlighted the role of the SDH substrate, i.e. succinate, in biological processes other than metabolism, tumorigenesis being the most remarkable. For this reason, SDH has now been defined a tumor suppressor and succinate an oncometabolite. In this review, we discuss recent findings regarding alterations in SDH activity leading to succinate accumulation, which include SDH mutations, regulation of mRNA expression, post-translational modifications and endogenous SDH inhibitors. Further, we report an extensive examination of the role of succinate in cancer development through the induction of epigenetic and metabolic alterations and the effects on epithelial to mesenchymal transition, cell migration and invasion, and angiogenesis. Finally, we have focused on succinate and SDH as diagnostic markers for cancers having altered SDH expression/activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Dalla Pozza
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Ilaria Dando
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Raffaella Pacchiana
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Elio Liboi
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Scupoli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Research Center LURM (Interdepartmental Laboratory of Medical Research), University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Massimo Donadelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Marta Palmieri
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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19
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Olivas-Aguirre M, Pottosin I, Dobrovinskaya O. Mitochondria as emerging targets for therapies against T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Leukoc Biol 2019; 105:935-946. [PMID: 30698851 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.5vmr0818-330rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) comprises a heterogeneous group of hematologic malignancies, arising from diverse genetic alterations in the early lymphocyte development. T-cell subtype of ALL (T-ALL) accounts for about 15% and 25% of ALL in children and adults, respectively. Being less frequent among ALL subtypes, T-ALL represents a high-risk factor for poor prognosis due to its aggressiveness and resistance to common antileukemic drugs. Mitochondria were widely explored recently as a target for anticancer treatment because they are involved in a metabolic reprogramming of a cancer cell and play key roles in reactive oxygen species generation, Ca2+ signaling, and cell death induction. Accordingly, a new class of anticancer compounds named mitocans has been developed, which target mitochondria at distinct crucial points to promote their dysfunction and subsequent cell death. The present review analyses the role of mitochondria in malignant reprogramming and emerging therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondria as an "Achilles' heel" in T-ALL, with an emphasis on BH3 mimetics, sequestering pro-survival BCL proteins and voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC)1-directed drugs, which promote the suppression of aerobic glycolysis, VDAC1 closure, mitochondrial Ca2+ overload, stoppage of the oxidative phosphorylation, oxidative stress, and release of proapoptotic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Olivas-Aguirre
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Ionic Transport Regulation, University Center for Biomedical Research, University of Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | - Igor Pottosin
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Ionic Transport Regulation, University Center for Biomedical Research, University of Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | - Oxana Dobrovinskaya
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Ionic Transport Regulation, University Center for Biomedical Research, University of Colima, Colima, Mexico
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20
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Pharmacological targeting of mitochondria in cancer stem cells: An ancient organelle at the crossroad of novel anti-cancer therapies. Pharmacol Res 2019; 139:298-313. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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21
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Liu Y, Li Q, Xiong X, Huang Y, Zhou Z. Mitochondria-targeting and cell-penetrating peptides-co-modified HPMA copolymers for enhancing therapeutic efficacy of α-tocopheryl succinate. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:7674-7683. [PMID: 32254889 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb02621a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Targeting drugs at mitochondria may provide an effective means of inducing cell death for cancer therapy. Here, we introduce a conjugate of a dual-ligand-modified N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymer with α-tocopheryl succinate (α-TOS) (P-TOS-SS20-dNP2), which could simultaneously enhance cellular uptake via the cell-penetrating peptide dNP2 and implement delivery to mitochondria by means of the mitochondria-targeting peptide SS20. The results showed that co-modification with SS20 and dNP2 peptides successfully made up for the deficiencies of each peptide: copolymers singly modified with dNP2 were unable to increase their mitochondrial distribution in spite of increased cellular uptake, whereas copolymers singly modified with SS20 exhibited restricted mitochondrial targeting because of their poor uptake. The combination of these two functional peptides resulted in conspicuous cellular uptake and a 7.6-fold increase in accumulation in mitochondria in comparison with unmodified HPMA polymer-drug conjugates in vitro. Moreover, the dual-modified polymer-drug conjugate P-TOS-SS20-dNP2 exhibited the greatest increase in the generation of reactive oxygen species in HeLa cells, followed by great opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores and a sharp reduction in the mitochondrial membrane potential. This further led to superior cell apoptosis in comparison with singly or non-peptide-modified HPMA copolymer-drug conjugates. The results demonstrated that combining a mitochondria-targeting peptide and a cell-penetrating peptide would substantially increase the distribution of HPMA copolymers in mitochondria, which implied an efficient strategy for promoting mitochondrial targeting efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China.
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22
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Kume A, Kasai S, Furuya H, Suzuki H. α-Tocopheryl succinate-suppressed development of cerebral malaria in mice. Parasitol Res 2018; 117:3177-3182. [PMID: 30030625 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-018-6016-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
α-Tocopheryl succinate (α-TOS), a derivative of vitamin E, is synthesized by esterification of α-tocopherol. It has been reported that α-TOS inhibits the mitochondrial complex II resulting in generation of reactive oxygen species, which triggers selective apoptosis in a large number of cancer cells, while it appears largely non-toxic towards normal cells. Plasmodium parasites are well known to have high sensitivity to oxidative stress. Thus, α-TOS is suspected to impact Plasmodium parasites by oxidative stress. In this study, to ascertain whether α-TOS is an appropriate candidate for an anti-malarial drug, C57BL/6J mice were infected with P. yoelii 17XL and P. berghei ANKA, a lethal strain of rodent malaria and experimental cerebral malaria (ECM), and treated with several concentrations of α-TOS by intraperitoneal administration on 1, 3, 5, and 7 days post infection (dpi). In addition, the permeability of the blood brain barrier (BBB) was examined by Evans blue staining in ECM on 7 dpi. As a result of α-TOS treatment, parasitemia was decreased and survival rate was significantly increased in mice infected with both parasites. Furthermore, the intensity of Evans blue staining on brains taken from α-TOS-treated mice was weaker than that of untreated mice. This means that α-TOS might inhibit the breakdown of BBB and progress of cerebral malaria. These findings indicate that vitamin E derivatives like α-TOS might be a potential candidate for treatment drugs against malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiko Kume
- Research Unit for Functional Genomics, National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-13, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan
| | - Shunji Kasai
- Eisai Co., Ltd., 13-1 Nishigoken-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-0812, Japan
| | - Hana Furuya
- Research Unit for Functional Genomics, National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-13, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Suzuki
- Research Unit for Functional Genomics, National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-13, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan.
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23
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Ashton TM, McKenna WG, Kunz-Schughart LA, Higgins GS. Oxidative Phosphorylation as an Emerging Target in Cancer Therapy. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:2482-2490. [PMID: 29420223 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-3070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 640] [Impact Index Per Article: 106.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells have upregulated glycolysis compared with normal cells, which has led many to the assumption that oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is downregulated in all cancers. However, recent studies have shown that OXPHOS can be also upregulated in certain cancers, including leukemias, lymphomas, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, high OXPHOS subtype melanoma, and endometrial carcinoma, and that this can occur even in the face of active glycolysis. OXPHOS inhibitors could therefore be used to target cancer subtypes in which OXPHOS is upregulated and to alleviate therapeutically adverse tumor hypoxia. Several drugs including metformin, atovaquone, and arsenic trioxide are used clinically for non-oncologic indications, but emerging data demonstrate their potential use as OXPHOS inhibitors. We highlight novel applications of OXPHOS inhibitors with a suitable therapeutic index to target cancer cell metabolism. Clin Cancer Res; 24(11); 2482-90. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Ashton
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Gray Laboratories, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - W Gillies McKenna
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Gray Laboratories, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Leoni A Kunz-Schughart
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Gray Laboratories, Oxford, United Kingdom.
- OncoRay, National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), partner site Dresden, Germany
| | - Geoff S Higgins
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Gray Laboratories, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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24
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Nguyen F, Alferiev I, Guan P, Guerrero DT, Kolla V, Moorthy GS, Chorny M, Brodeur GM. Enhanced Intratumoral Delivery of SN38 as a Tocopherol Oxyacetate Prodrug Using Nanoparticles in a Neuroblastoma Xenograft Model. Clin Cancer Res 2018. [PMID: 29514842 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-3811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Currently, <50% of high-risk pediatric solid tumors like neuroblastoma can be cured, and many survivors experience serious or life-threatening toxicities, so more effective, less toxic therapy is needed. One approach is to target drugs to tumors using nanoparticles, which take advantage of the enhanced permeability of tumor vasculature.Experimental Design: SN38, the active metabolite of irinotecan (CPT-11), is a potent therapeutic agent that is readily encapsulated in polymeric nanoparticles. Tocopherol oxyacetate (TOA) is a hydrophobic mitocan that was linked to SN38 to significantly increase hydrophobicity and enhance nanoparticle retention. We treated neuroblastomas with SN38-TOA nanoparticles and compared the efficacy with the parent prodrug CPT-11 using a mouse xenograft model.Results: Nanoparticle treatment induced prolonged event-free survival (EFS) in most mice, compared with CPT-11. This was shown for both SH-SY5Y and IMR-32 neuroblastoma xenografts. Enhanced efficacy was likely due to increased and sustained drug levels of SN38 in the tumor compared with conventional CPT-11 delivery. Interestingly, when recurrent CPT-11-treated tumors were re-treated with SN38-TOA nanoparticles, the tumors transformed from undifferentiated neuroblastomas to maturing ganglioneuroblastomas. Furthermore, these tumors were infiltrated with Schwann cells of mouse origin, which may have contributed to the differentiated histology.Conclusions: Nanoparticle delivery of SN38-TOA produced increased drug delivery and prolonged EFS compared to conventional delivery of CPT-11. Also, lower total dose and drug entrapment in nanoparticles during circulation should decrease toxicity. We propose that nanoparticle-based delivery of a rationally designed prodrug is an attractive approach to enhance chemotherapeutic efficacy in pediatric and adult tumors. Clin Cancer Res; 24(11); 2585-93. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferro Nguyen
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ivan Alferiev
- Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Peng Guan
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - David T Guerrero
- Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Venkatadri Kolla
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ganesh S Moorthy
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania/Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael Chorny
- Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Garrett M Brodeur
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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Birringer M, Siems K, Maxones A, Frank J, Lorkowski S. Natural 6-hydroxy-chromanols and -chromenols: structural diversity, biosynthetic pathways and health implications. RSC Adv 2018; 8:4803-4841. [PMID: 35539527 PMCID: PMC9078042 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra11819h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We present the first comprehensive and systematic review on the structurally diverse toco-chromanols and -chromenols found in photosynthetic organisms, including marine organisms, and as metabolic intermediates in animals. The focus of this work is on the structural diversity of chromanols and chromenols that result from various side chain modifications. We describe more than 230 structures that derive from a 6-hydroxy-chromanol- and 6-hydroxy-chromenol core, respectively, and comprise di-, sesqui-, mono- and hemiterpenes. We assort the compounds into a structure-activity relationship with special emphasis on anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic activities of the congeners. This review covers the literature published from 1970 to 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Birringer
- Department of Nutritional, Food and Consumer Sciences, Fulda University of Applied Sciences Leipziger Straße 123 36037 Fulda Germany
| | - Karsten Siems
- AnalytiCon Discovery GmbH Hermannswerder Haus 17 14473 Potsdam Germany
| | - Alexander Maxones
- Department of Nutritional, Food and Consumer Sciences, Fulda University of Applied Sciences Leipziger Straße 123 36037 Fulda Germany
| | - Jan Frank
- Institute of Biological Chemistry and Nutrition, University of Hohenheim Garbenstr. 28 70599 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Stefan Lorkowski
- Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University Jena Dornburger Str. 25 07743 Jena Germany
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD), Halle-Jena-Leipzig Germany
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Antiproliferative Effects of Pancratium Maritimum Extracts on Normal and Cancerous Cells. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2018; 43:52-64. [PMID: 29398752 PMCID: PMC5775994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plants are an important natural source of compounds used in cancer therapy. Pancratium maritimum contains potential anti-cancer agents such as alkaloids. In this study, we investigated the anti-proliferative effects of P. maritimum extracts on MDA-MB-231 human epithelial adenocarcinoma cell line and on normal lymphocytes in vitro. METHODS Leaves, flowers, roots, and bulbs of P. maritimum were collected and their contents were extracted and diluted to different concentrations that were applied on MDA-MB-231 cells and normal human lymphocytes cell in vitro for different intervals. Cells viability, proliferation, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis, and growth were evaluated by flow cytometry and microscopy. Parametric unpaired t-test was used to compare effects of plant extracts on treated cell cultures with untreated control cell cultures. IC50 was also calculated. RESULTS P. maritimum extract had profound effects on MDA-MB-321 cells. It inhibited cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The IC50 values were 0.039, 0.035, and 0.026 mg/ml after 48, 72, and 96 hours of treatment with 0.1 mg/ml concentration of bulb extract, respectively. Those values were 0.051 and 0.03 mg/ml after 72 and 96 hours for root extract, respectively, and 0.048 mg/ml after 96 hours for flower extract. There were no significant effects of P. maritimum bulb extracts on normal lymphocytes proliferation. CONCLUSION P. maritimum extract has anti-proliferative effects on MDA-MB-231 cell line in vitro. The effects imply the involvement of mechanisms that inhibits cell growth and arresting cells at S and G2/M phases. Cyclin B1, Bcl-2, and Ki67 expression was also affected.
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Tan S, Zou C, Zhang W, Yin M, Gao X, Tang Q. Recent developments in d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol-succinate-based nanomedicine for cancer therapy. Drug Deliv 2017; 24:1831-1842. [PMID: 29182031 PMCID: PMC8241040 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2017.1406561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains an obstacle to be surmounted by humans. As an FDA-approved biocompatible drug excipient, d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) has been widely applied in drug delivery system (DDS). Along with in-depth analyses of TPGS-based DDS, increasingly attractive results have revealed that TPGS is able to act not only as a simple drug carrier but also as an assistant molecule with various bio-functions to improve anticancer efficacy. In this review, recent advances in TPGS-based DDS are summarized. TPGS can inhibit P-glycoprotein, enhance drug absorption, induce mitochondrial-associated apoptosis or other apoptotic pathways, promote drug penetration and tumor accumulation, and even inhibit tumor metastasis. As a result, many formulations, by using original TPGS, TPGS-drug conjugates or TPGS copolymers, were prepared, and as expected, an enhanced therapeutic effect was achieved in different tumor models, especially in multidrug resistant and metastatic tumors. Although the mechanisms by which TPGS participates in such functions are not yet very clear, considering its effectiveness in tumor treatment, TPGS-based DDS appears to be one of the best candidates for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songwei Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenming Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingxing Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical School, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xueqin Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Tang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Palao-Suay R, Aguilar MR, Parra-Ruiz FJ, Martín-Saldaña S, Rohner NA, Thomas SN, San Román J. Multifunctional decoration of alpha-tocopheryl succinate-based NP for cancer treatment: effect of TPP and LTVSPWY peptide. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2017; 28:152. [PMID: 28861765 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-017-5963-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Active targeting not only of a specific cell but also a specific organelle maximizes the therapeutic activity minimizing adverse side effects in healthy tissues. The present work describes the synthesis, characterization, and in vitro biological activity of active targeting nanoparticles (NP) for cancer therapy based on α-tocopheryl succinate (α-TOS), a well-known mitocan, that selectively induces apoptosis of cancer cells and proliferalting endothelial cells. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) targeting peptide LTVSPWY (PEP) and triphenylphosphonium lipophilic cation (TPP) were conjugated to a previously optimized RAFT block copolymer that formed self-assembled NP of appropriate size for this application and low polydispersity by self-organized precipitation method. PEP and TPP were included in order to target not only HER2 positive cancer cells, but also the mitochondria of these cancer cells, respectively. The in vitro experiments demonstrated the faster incorporation of the active-targeting NP and the higher accumulation of TPP-bearing NP in the mitochondria of MDA-MB-453 HER2 positive cancer cells compared to non-decorated NP. Moreover, the encapsulation of additional α-TOS in the hydrophobic core of the NP was achieved with high efficiencies. The loaded NP presented higher cytotoxicity than unloaded NP but preserved their selectivity against cancer cells in a range of tested concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Palao-Suay
- Group of Biomaterials, Department of Polymeric Nanomaterials and Biomaterials, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, ICTP-CSIC, Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
- Networking Biomedical Research Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Rosa Aguilar
- Group of Biomaterials, Department of Polymeric Nanomaterials and Biomaterials, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, ICTP-CSIC, Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain.
- Networking Biomedical Research Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Francisco J Parra-Ruiz
- Group of Biomaterials, Department of Polymeric Nanomaterials and Biomaterials, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, ICTP-CSIC, Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
- Networking Biomedical Research Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Martín-Saldaña
- Group of Biomaterials, Department of Polymeric Nanomaterials and Biomaterials, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, ICTP-CSIC, Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nathan A Rohner
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta, 30332, GA, USA
| | - Susan N Thomas
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta, 30332, GA, USA
| | - Julio San Román
- Group of Biomaterials, Department of Polymeric Nanomaterials and Biomaterials, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, ICTP-CSIC, Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
- Networking Biomedical Research Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain
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Lei X, Li K, Liu Y, Wang ZY, Ruan BJ, Wang L, Xiang A, Wu D, Lu Z. Co-delivery nanocarriers targeting folate receptor and encapsulating 2-deoxyglucose and α-tocopheryl succinate enhance anti-tumor effect in vivo. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:5701-5715. [PMID: 28848348 PMCID: PMC5557622 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s135849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A combination administration of chemical agents was highlighted to treat tumors. Recently, tumor cell has been found to be different from normal cell in metabolic manner. Most of cancer cells prefer aerobic glycolysis to mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to satisfy energy and biomass synthesis requirement to survive, grow and proliferate, which provides novel and potential therapeutic targets for chemotherapy. Here, 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG), a potent inhibitor of glucose metabolism, was used to inhibit glycolysis of tumor cells; α-tocopheryl succinate (α-TOS), a water-insoluble vitamin E derivative, was chosen to suppress OXPHOS. Our data demonstrated that the combination treatment of 2-DG and α-TOS could significantly promote the anti-tumor efficiency in vitro compared with administration of the single drug. In order to maximize therapeutic activity and minimize negative side effects, a co-delivery nanocarrier targeting folate receptor (FR) was developed to encapsulate 2-DG and α-TOS simultaneously based on our previous work. Transmission electron microscope, dynamic light scattering method and UV-visible spectrophotometers were used to investigate morphology, size distribution and loading efficiency of the α-TOS-2-DG-loaded and FR-targeted nanoparticles (TDF NPs). The TDF NPs were found to possess a layer-by-layer shape, and the dynamic size was <100 nm. The final encapsulation efficiencies of α-TOS and 2-DG in TDF NPs were 94.3%±1.3% and 61.7%±7.7% with respect to drug-loading capacities of 8.9%±0.8% and 13.2%±2.6%, respectively. Almost no α-TOS release was found within 80 h, and release of 2-DG was sustained and slow within 72 h. The results of FR binding assay and fluorescence biodistribution revealed that TDF NPs could target FR highly expressed on tumor cell in vitro and in vivo. Further, in vivo anti-tumor experiments showed that TDF NPs had an improved biological function with less toxicity. Thus, our work indicates that the co-delivery TDF NPs have a great potential in tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pharmacogenomics, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University
| | - Ke Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi.,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Education Ministry, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an
| | - Yan Liu
- Genetic Engineering Laboratory of PLA, The Eleventh Institute of Academy of Military Medical Sciences of PLA, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pharmacogenomics, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University
| | - Ban Jun Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pharmacogenomics, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pharmacogenomics, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University
| | - An Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pharmacogenomics, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University
| | - Daocheng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Education Ministry, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an
| | - Zifan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pharmacogenomics, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University
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Salimi A, Roudkenar MH, Seydi E, Sadeghi L, Mohseni A, Pirahmadi N, Pourahmad J. Chrysin as an Anti-Cancer Agent Exerts Selective Toxicity by Directly Inhibiting Mitochondrial Complex II and V in CLL B-lymphocytes. Cancer Invest 2017; 35:174-186. [PMID: 28301251 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2016.1276187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of chrysin on isolated normal and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) B-lymphocytes and their isolated mitochondria. We report that a selective and significant increase in cytotoxicity, intracellular reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial membrane potential collapse, ADP/ATP ratio, caspase 3 activation and finally apoptosis in chrysin-treated CLL B- lymphocytes. Also we determined that chrysin selectively inhibits complex II and ATPases in cancerous mitochondria. In this study we proved that the ability of chrysin to promote apoptosis in CLL B-lymphocytes performed by selectively targeting of mitochondria. Our findings may provide a potential therapeutic approach for using chrysin to target mitochondria in CLL B-lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Salimi
- a Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.,b Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Science , Ardabil , Iran.,c Students Research Committee, School of Pharmacy , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Mehryar Habibi Roudkenar
- d Biotechnology Research Center, Paramedicine Faculty , Guilan University of Medical Science , Rasht , Iran
| | - Enayatollah Seydi
- a Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Leila Sadeghi
- e Emam Hosein Educational Hospital Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Alireza Mohseni
- f Faculty of Paramedicine, Department of Laboratory Sciences , Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences , Sari , Iran
| | - Nahal Pirahmadi
- a Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Jalal Pourahmad
- a Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
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31
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Bezawork-Geleta A, Rohlena J, Dong L, Pacak K, Neuzil J. Mitochondrial Complex II: At the Crossroads. Trends Biochem Sci 2017; 42:312-325. [PMID: 28185716 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial complex II (CII), also called succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), is a central purveyor of the reprogramming of metabolic and respiratory adaptation in response to various intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli and abnormalities. In this review we discuss recent findings regarding SDH biogenesis, which requires four known assembly factors, and modulation of its enzymatic activity by acetylation, succinylation, phosphorylation, and proteolysis. We further focus on the emerging role of both genetic and epigenetic aberrations leading to SDH dysfunction associated with various clinical manifestations. This review also covers the recent discovery of the role of SDH in inflammation-linked pathologies. Conceivably, SDH is a potential target for several hard-to-treat conditions, including cancer, that remains to be fully exploited.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jakub Rohlena
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Lanfeng Dong
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Karel Pacak
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Australia; Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.
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32
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Rohlenova K, Sachaphibulkij K, Stursa J, Bezawork-Geleta A, Blecha J, Endaya B, Werner L, Cerny J, Zobalova R, Goodwin J, Spacek T, Alizadeh Pesdar E, Yan B, Nguyen MN, Vondrusova M, Sobol M, Jezek P, Hozak P, Truksa J, Rohlena J, Dong LF, Neuzil J. Selective Disruption of Respiratory Supercomplexes as a New Strategy to Suppress Her2 high Breast Cancer. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 26:84-103. [PMID: 27392540 PMCID: PMC5206771 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Expression of the HER2 oncogene in breast cancer is associated with resistance to treatment, and Her2 may regulate bioenergetics. Therefore, we investigated whether disruption of the electron transport chain (ETC) is a viable strategy to eliminate Her2high disease. RESULTS We demonstrate that Her2high cells and tumors have increased assembly of respiratory supercomplexes (SCs) and increased complex I-driven respiration in vitro and in vivo. They are also highly sensitive to MitoTam, a novel mitochondrial-targeted derivative of tamoxifen. Unlike tamoxifen, MitoTam efficiently suppresses experimental Her2high tumors without systemic toxicity. Mechanistically, MitoTam inhibits complex I-driven respiration and disrupts respiratory SCs in Her2high background in vitro and in vivo, leading to elevated reactive oxygen species production and cell death. Intriguingly, higher sensitivity of Her2high cells to MitoTam is dependent on the mitochondrial fraction of Her2. INNOVATION Oncogenes such as HER2 can restructure ETC, creating a previously unrecognized therapeutic vulnerability exploitable by SC-disrupting agents such as MitoTam. CONCLUSION We propose that the ETC is a suitable therapeutic target in Her2high disease. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 26, 84-103.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Rohlenova
- 1 Institute of Biotechnology , Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | | | - Jan Stursa
- 2 School of Medical Science, Griffith University , Southport, Australia .,3 Prague Institute of Chemical Technology , Prague, Czech Republic .,4 Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital , Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | | | - Jan Blecha
- 1 Institute of Biotechnology , Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Berwini Endaya
- 2 School of Medical Science, Griffith University , Southport, Australia
| | - Lukas Werner
- 4 Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital , Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Cerny
- 1 Institute of Biotechnology , Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Renata Zobalova
- 1 Institute of Biotechnology , Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic .,2 School of Medical Science, Griffith University , Southport, Australia
| | - Jacob Goodwin
- 2 School of Medical Science, Griffith University , Southport, Australia
| | - Tomas Spacek
- 5 Institute of Physiology , Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Bing Yan
- 2 School of Medical Science, Griffith University , Southport, Australia
| | - Maria Nga Nguyen
- 2 School of Medical Science, Griffith University , Southport, Australia
| | - Magdalena Vondrusova
- 1 Institute of Biotechnology , Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Margaryta Sobol
- 6 Institute of Molecular Genetics , Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Jezek
- 5 Institute of Physiology , Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Hozak
- 6 Institute of Molecular Genetics , Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Truksa
- 1 Institute of Biotechnology , Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Rohlena
- 1 Institute of Biotechnology , Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Lan-Feng Dong
- 2 School of Medical Science, Griffith University , Southport, Australia
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- 1 Institute of Biotechnology , Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic .,2 School of Medical Science, Griffith University , Southport, Australia
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Qu Q, Ma X, Zhao Y. Anticancer Effect of α-Tocopheryl Succinate Delivered by Mitochondria-Targeted Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:34261-34269. [PMID: 27998109 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b13974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria targeted mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs) having an average diameter of 68 nm were fabricated and then loaded with hydrophobic anticancer agent α-tocopheryl succinate (α-TOS). The property of targeting mitochondria was achieved by the surface functionalization of triphenylphosphonium (TPP) on MSNPs, since TPP is an effective mitochondria-targeting ligand. Intracellular uptake and mitochondria targeting of fabricated MSNPs were evaluated in HeLa and HepG2 cancerous cell lines as well as HEK293 normal cell line. In addition, various biological assays were conducted with the aim to investigate the effectiveness of α-TOS delivered by the functional MSNPs, including studies of cytotoxicity, mitochondria membrane potential, intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, and apoptosis. On the basis of these experiments, high anticancer efficiency of α-TOS delivered by mitochondria targeted MSNPs was demonstrated, indicating a promising application potential of MSNP-based platform in mitochondria targeted delivery of anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyu Qu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore
| | - Xing Ma
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore
| | - Yanli Zhao
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798 Singapore
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Zhang B, Wang J, Huang Z, Wei P, Liu Y, Hao J, Zhao L, Zhang F, Tu Y, Wei T. Aberrantly upregulated TRAP1 is required for tumorigenesis of breast cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 6:44495-508. [PMID: 26517089 PMCID: PMC4792571 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1 (TRAP1) is abnormally expressed in many cancers. In this study, we showed that TRAP1 is aberrantly upregulated in breast tumors compared to control tissues. TRAP1 knockdown downregulates mitochondrial aerobic respiratory, sensitizes cells to lethal stimuli, and inhibited tumor growth in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells in vivo. TRAP1 overexpression, however, enhances the capacity to cope with stress conditions. These evidences suggested that TRAP1 is required for tumorigenesis. We also found that TRAP1 regulates the mitochondrial morphology. Relatively lower TRAP1 levels are associated with the rod-shaped mitochondrial phenotype in invasive and metastatic MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells; on the contrary, higher TRAP1 levels are associated with the tubular network-shaped mitochondrial phenotype in non-invasive MCF-7 cells. Interestingly, the expression of TRAP1 in human breast cancer specimens inversely correlates with tumor grade. Overexpression of TRAP1 in MDA-MB-231 cells causes mitochondrial fusion, triggers mitochondria to form tubular networks, and suppresses cell migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo. These data link TRAP1-regulated mitochondrial dynamics and function with tumorigenesis of breast cancer and suggested that TRAP1 may therefore be a potential target for breast cancer drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Wei
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Junfeng Hao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lijing Zhao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fenglin Zhang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yaping Tu
- Department of Pharmacology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Taotao Wei
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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35
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Boukalova S, Stursa J, Werner L, Ezrova Z, Cerny J, Bezawork-Geleta A, Pecinova A, Dong L, Drahota Z, Neuzil J. Mitochondrial Targeting of Metformin Enhances Its Activity against Pancreatic Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2016; 15:2875-2886. [PMID: 27765848 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-1021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the hardest-to-treat types of neoplastic diseases. Metformin, a widely prescribed drug against type 2 diabetes mellitus, is being trialed as an agent against pancreatic cancer, although its efficacy is low. With the idea of delivering metformin to its molecular target, the mitochondrial complex I (CI), we tagged the agent with the mitochondrial vector, triphenylphosphonium group. Mitochondrially targeted metformin (MitoMet) was found to kill a panel of pancreatic cancer cells three to four orders of magnitude more efficiently than found for the parental compound. Respiration assessment documented CI as the molecular target for MitoMet, which was corroborated by molecular modeling. MitoMet also efficiently suppressed pancreatic tumors in three mouse models. We propose that the novel mitochondrially targeted agent is clinically highly intriguing, and it has a potential to greatly improve the bleak prospects of patients with pancreatic cancer. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(12); 2875-86. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stepana Boukalova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Stursa
- Institute of Chemical Technology in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Werner
- Institute of Chemical Technology in Prague, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Ezrova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Cerny
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | | | - Alena Pecinova
- Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lanfeng Dong
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, Australia
| | - Zdenek Drahota
- Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic.
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, Australia
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36
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Mallick A, More P, Syed MMK, Basu S. Nanoparticle-Mediated Mitochondrial Damage Induces Apoptosis in Cancer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:13218-13231. [PMID: 27160664 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b00263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Detouring of conventional DNA damaging anticancer drugs into mitochondria to damage mitochondrial DNA is evolving as a promising strategy in chemotherapy. Inhibiting single target in mitochondria would eventually lead to the emergence of drug resistance. Moreover, targeting mitochondria selectively in cancer cells, keeping them intact in healthy cells, remains a major challenge. Herein, triphenylphosphine (TPP)-coated positively charged 131.6 nm spherical nanoparticles (NPs) comprised of α-tocopheryl succinate (TOS, inhibitor of complex II in electron transport chain) and obatoclax (Obt, inhibitor of Bcl-2) were engineered. The TOS-TPP-Obt-NPs entered into acidic lysosomes via macropinocytosis, followed by lysosomal escape and finally homed into mitochondria over a period of 24 h. Subsequently, these TOS-TPP-Obt-NPs triggered mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) by inhibiting antiapoptotic Bcl-2, leading to Cytochrome C release. These TOS-TPP-Obt-NPs mediated mitochondrial damage induced cellular apoptosis through caspase-9 and caspase-3 cleavage to show improved efficacy in HeLa cells. Moreover, TOS-TPP-Obt-NPs induced MOMP in drug-resistant triple negative breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231), leading to remarkable efficacy, compared to the combination of free drugs in higher drug concentrations. Results presented here clearly stimulate the usage of multiple drugs to perturb simultaneously diverse targets, selectively in mitochondria, as next-generation cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhik Mallick
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Pune , Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Piyush More
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Pune , Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Muhammed Muazzam Kamil Syed
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Pune , Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sudipta Basu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Pune , Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India
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37
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Muhammad N, Wang X, Wang K, Zhu C, Zhu Z, Jiao Y, Guo Z. Dual-drug loaded nanoformulation with a galactosamine homing moiety for liver-targeted anticancer therapy. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:13169-78. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt01434h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A platinum(iv) complex was prepared as a prodrug of cisplatin and co-loaded with α-tocopheryl succinate into the galactosamine-modified PLGA nanoparticle for combinational chemotherapy of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafees Muhammad
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- School of Life Sciences
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- P. R. China
| | - Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- P. R. China
| | - Chengcheng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- P. R. China
| | - Zhenzhu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- P. R. China
| | - Yang Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- P. R. China
| | - Zijian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- P. R. China
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38
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Yan B, Dong L, Neuzil J. Mitochondria: An intriguing target for killing tumour-initiating cells. Mitochondrion 2016; 26:86-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2015.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Yadav N, Kumar S, Kumar R, Srivastava P, Sun L, Rapali P, Marlowe T, Schneider A, Inigo JR, O'Malley J, Londonkar R, Gogada R, Chaudhary AK, Yadava N, Chandra D. Mechanism of neem limonoids-induced cell death in cancer: Role of oxidative phosphorylation. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 90:261-71. [PMID: 26627937 PMCID: PMC4734361 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We have previously reported that neem limonoids (neem) induce multiple cancer cell death pathways. Here we dissect the underlying mechanisms of neem-induced apoptotic cell death in cancer. We observed that neem-induced caspase activation does not require Bax/Bak channel-mediated mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, permeability transition pore, and mitochondrial fragmentation. Neem enhanced mitochondrial DNA and mitochondrial biomass. While oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) Complex-I activity was decreased, the activities of other OXPHOS complexes including Complex-II and -IV were unaltered. Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were associated with an increase in mitochondrial biomass and apoptosis upon neem exposure. Complex-I deficiency due to the loss of Ndufa1-encoded MWFE protein inhibited neem-induced caspase activation and apoptosis, but cell death induction was enhanced. Complex II-deficiency due to the loss of succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit C (SDHC) robustly decreased caspase activation, apoptosis, and cell death. Additionally, the ablation of Complexes-I, -III, -IV, and -V together did not inhibit caspase activation. Together, we demonstrate that neem limonoids target OXPHOS system to induce cancer cell death, which does not require upregulation or activation of proapoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelu Yadav
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Pragya Srivastava
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Leimin Sun
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; Gastroenterology Department, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University Medical School, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Peter Rapali
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Timothy Marlowe
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Andrea Schneider
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Joseph R Inigo
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Jordan O'Malley
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Ramesh Londonkar
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Raghu Gogada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Ajay K Chaudhary
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Nagendra Yadava
- Pioneer Valley Life Sciences Institute, Springfield, MA 01107, USA
| | - Dhyan Chandra
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
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Zhang B, Chu W, Wei P, Liu Y, Wei T. Xanthohumol induces generation of reactive oxygen species and triggers apoptosis through inhibition of mitochondrial electron transfer chain complex I. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 89:486-97. [PMID: 26453927 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Xanthohumol is a prenylflavonoid extracted from hops (Humulus lupulus). It possesses anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities in vitro and in vivo, and offers therapeutic benefits for treatment of metabolic syndromes. However, the precise mechanisms underlying its pharmacological effects remain to be elucidated, together with its cellular target. Here, we provide evidence that xanthohumol directly interacts with the mitochondrial electron transfer chain complex I (NADH dehydrogenase), inhibits the oxidative phosphorylation, triggers the production of reactive oxygen species, and induces apoptosis. In addition, we show that as a result of the inhibition of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, xanthohumol exposure causes a rapid decrease of mitochondrial transmembrane potential. Furthermore, we showed that xanthohumol up-regulates the glycolytic capacity in cells, and thus compensates cellular ATP generation. Dissection of the multiple steps of aerobic respiration by extracellular flux assays revealed that xanthohumol specifically inhibits the activity of mitochondrial complex I, but had little effect on that of complex II, III and IV. Inhibition of complex I by xanthohumol caused the overproduction of reactive oxygen species, which are responsible for the induction of apoptosis in cancer cells. We also found that isoxanthohumol, the structural isomer of xanthohumol, is inactive to cells, suggesting that the reactive 2-hydroxyl group of xanthohumol is crucial for its targeting to the mitochondrial complex I. Together, the remodeling of cell metabolism revealed here has therapeutic potential for the use of xanthohumol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wei Chu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Peng Wei
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Taotao Wei
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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41
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Guo L, Shestov AA, Worth AJ, Nath K, Nelson DS, Leeper DB, Glickson JD, Blair IA. Inhibition of Mitochondrial Complex II by the Anticancer Agent Lonidamine. J Biol Chem 2015; 291:42-57. [PMID: 26521302 PMCID: PMC4697178 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.697516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The antitumor agent lonidamine (LND; 1-(2,4-dichlorobenzyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxylic acid) is known to interfere with energy-yielding processes in cancer cells. However, the effect of LND on central energy metabolism has never been fully characterized. In this study, we report that a significant amount of succinate is accumulated in LND-treated cells. LND inhibits the formation of fumarate and malate and suppresses succinate-induced respiration of isolated mitochondria. Utilizing biochemical assays, we determined that LND inhibits the succinate-ubiquinone reductase activity of respiratory complex II without fully blocking succinate dehydrogenase activity. LND also induces cellular reactive oxygen species through complex II, which reduced the viability of the DB-1 melanoma cell line. The ability of LND to promote cell death was potentiated by its suppression of the pentose phosphate pathway, which resulted in inhibition of NADPH and glutathione generation. Using stable isotope tracers in combination with isotopologue analysis, we showed that LND increased glutaminolysis but decreased reductive carboxylation of glutamine-derived α-ketoglutarate. Our findings on the previously uncharacterized effects of LND may provide potential combinational therapeutic approaches for targeting cancer metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Guo
- From the Penn Superfund Research and Training Program Center, Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, and Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics and
| | - Alexander A Shestov
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 and
| | - Andrew J Worth
- From the Penn Superfund Research and Training Program Center, Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, and Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics and
| | - Kavindra Nath
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 and
| | - David S Nelson
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 and
| | - Dennis B Leeper
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Jerry D Glickson
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 and
| | - Ian A Blair
- From the Penn Superfund Research and Training Program Center, Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, and Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics and
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42
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Cheng G, Zielonka J, McAllister D, Hardy M, Ouari O, Joseph J, Dwinell MB, Kalyanaraman B. Antiproliferative effects of mitochondria-targeted cationic antioxidants and analogs: Role of mitochondrial bioenergetics and energy-sensing mechanism. Cancer Lett 2015; 365:96-106. [PMID: 26004344 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
One of the proposed mechanisms for tumor proliferation involves redox signaling mediated by reactive oxygen species such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide generated at moderate levels. Thus, the antiproliferative and anti-tumor effects of certain antioxidants were attributed to their ability to mitigate intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Recent reports support a role for mitochondrial ROS in stimulating tumor cell proliferation. In this study, we compared the antiproliferative effects and the effects on mitochondrial bioenergetic functions of a mitochondria-targeted cationic carboxyproxyl nitroxide (Mito-CP), exhibiting superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity and a synthetic cationic acetamide analog (Mito-CP-Ac) lacking the nitroxide moiety responsible for the SOD activity. Results indicate that both Mito-CP and Mito-CP-Ac potently inhibited tumor cell proliferation. Both compounds altered mitochondrial and glycolytic functions, and intracellular citrate levels. Both Mito-CP and Mito-CP-Ac synergized with 2-deoxy-glucose (2-DG) to deplete intracellular ATP, inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. We conclude that mitochondria-targeted cationic agents inhibit tumor proliferation via modification of mitochondrial bioenergetics pathways rather than by dismutating and detoxifying mitochondrial superoxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Cheng
- Department of Biophysics and Free Radical Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Jacek Zielonka
- Department of Biophysics and Free Radical Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Donna McAllister
- Department of Biophysics and Free Radical Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Micael Hardy
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, ICR UMR 7273, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Olivier Ouari
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, ICR UMR 7273, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Joy Joseph
- Department of Biophysics and Free Radical Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Michael B Dwinell
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Balaraman Kalyanaraman
- Department of Biophysics and Free Radical Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
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43
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Yan B, Stantic M, Zobalova R, Bezawork-Geleta A, Stapelberg M, Stursa J, Prokopova K, Dong L, Neuzil J. Mitochondrially targeted vitamin E succinate efficiently kills breast tumour-initiating cells in a complex II-dependent manner. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:401. [PMID: 25967547 PMCID: PMC4494715 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1394-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Accumulating evidence suggests that breast cancer involves tumour-initiating cells (TICs), which play a role in initiation, metastasis, therapeutic resistance and relapse of the disease. Emerging drugs that target TICs are becoming a focus of contemporary research. Mitocans, a group of compounds that induce apoptosis of cancer cells by destabilising their mitochondria, are showing their potential in killing TICs. In this project, we investigated mitochondrially targeted vitamin E succinate (MitoVES), a recently developed mitocan, for its in vitro and in vivo efficacy against TICs. Methods The mammosphere model of breast TICs was established by culturing murine NeuTL and human MCF7 cells as spheres. This model was verified by stem cell marker expression, tumour initiation capacity and chemotherapeutic resistance. Cell susceptibility to MitoVES was assessed and the cell death pathway investigated. In vivo efficacy was studied by grafting NeuTL TICs to form syngeneic tumours. Results Mammospheres derived from NeuTL and MCF7 breast cancer cells were enriched in the level of stemness, and the sphere cells featured altered mitochondrial function. Sphere cultures were resistant to several established anti-cancer agents while they were susceptible to MitoVES. Killing of mammospheres was suppressed when the mitochondrial complex II, the molecular target of MitoVES, was knocked down. Importantly, MitoVES inhibited progression of syngeneic HER2high tumours derived from breast TICs by inducing apoptosis in tumour cells. Conclusions These results demonstrate that using mammospheres, a plausible model for studying TICs, drugs that target mitochondria efficiently kill breast tumour-initiating cells. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1394-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yan
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, 4222, Australia.
| | - Marina Stantic
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, 4222, Australia.
| | - Renata Zobalova
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, 4222, Australia. .,Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, 142 20, Czech Republic.
| | | | - Michael Stapelberg
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, 4222, Australia.
| | - Jan Stursa
- The Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Katerina Prokopova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, 142 20, Czech Republic.
| | - Lanfeng Dong
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, 4222, Australia.
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, 4222, Australia. .,Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, 142 20, Czech Republic.
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Kluckova K, Sticha M, Cerny J, Mracek T, Dong L, Drahota Z, Gottlieb E, Neuzil J, Rohlena J. Ubiquinone-binding site mutagenesis reveals the role of mitochondrial complex II in cell death initiation. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1749. [PMID: 25950479 PMCID: PMC4669690 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory complex II (CII, succinate dehydrogenase, SDH) inhibition can induce cell death, but the mechanistic details need clarification. To elucidate the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation upon the ubiquinone-binding (Qp) site blockade, we substituted CII subunit C (SDHC) residues lining the Qp site by site-directed mutagenesis. Cell lines carrying these mutations were characterized on the bases of CII activity and exposed to Qp site inhibitors MitoVES, thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTFA) and Atpenin A5. We found that I56F and S68A SDHC variants, which support succinate-mediated respiration and maintain low intracellular succinate, were less efficiently inhibited by MitoVES than the wild-type (WT) variant. Importantly, associated ROS generation and cell death induction was also impaired, and cell death in the WT cells was malonate and catalase sensitive. In contrast, the S68A variant was much more susceptible to TTFA inhibition than the I56F variant or the WT CII, which was again reflected by enhanced ROS formation and increased malonate- and catalase-sensitive cell death induction. The R72C variant that accumulates intracellular succinate due to compromised CII activity was resistant to MitoVES and TTFA treatment and did not increase ROS, even though TTFA efficiently generated ROS at low succinate in mitochondria isolated from R72C cells. Similarly, the high-affinity Qp site inhibitor Atpenin A5 rapidly increased intracellular succinate in WT cells but did not induce ROS or cell death, unlike MitoVES and TTFA that upregulated succinate only moderately. These results demonstrate that cell death initiation upon CII inhibition depends on ROS and that the extent of cell death correlates with the potency of inhibition at the Qp site unless intracellular succinate is high. In addition, this validates the Qp site of CII as a target for cell death induction with relevance to cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kluckova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Sticha
- Faculty of Sciences, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Cerny
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - T Mracek
- Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L Dong
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Z Drahota
- Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - E Gottlieb
- The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, UK
| | - J Neuzil
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - J Rohlena
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
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45
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Pasdar EA, Smits M, Stapelberg M, Bajzikova M, Stantic M, Goodwin J, Yan B, Stursa J, Kovarova J, Sachaphibulkij K, Bezawork-Geleta A, Sobol M, Filimonenko A, Tomasetti M, Zobalova R, Hozak P, Dong LF, Neuzil J. Characterisation of mesothelioma-initiating cells and their susceptibility to anti-cancer agents. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119549. [PMID: 25932953 PMCID: PMC4416766 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive type of tumour causing high mortality. One reason for this paradigm may be the existence of a subpopulation of tumour-initiating cells (TICs) that endow MM with drug resistance and recurrence. The objective of this study was to identify and characterise a TIC subpopulation in MM cells, using spheroid cultures, mesospheres, as a model of MM TICs. Mesospheres, typified by the stemness markers CD24, ABCG2 and OCT4, initiated tumours in immunodeficient mice more efficiently than adherent cells. CD24 knock-down cells lost the sphere-forming capacity and featured lower tumorigenicity. Upon serial transplantation, mesospheres were gradually more efficiently tumrigenic with increased level of stem cell markers. We also show that mesospheres feature mitochondrial and metabolic properties similar to those of normal and cancer stem cells. Finally, we show that mesothelioma-initiating cells are highly susceptible to mitochondrially targeted vitamin E succinate. This study documents that mesospheres can be used as a plausible model of mesothelioma-initiating cells and that they can be utilised in the search for efficient agents against MM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Smits
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michael Stapelberg
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Martina Bajzikova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marina Stantic
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jacob Goodwin
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Bing Yan
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jan Stursa
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jaromira Kovarova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Margaryta Sobol
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Anatoly Filimonenko
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marco Tomasetti
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Renata Zobalova
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Hozak
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lan-Feng Dong
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
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46
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Mallick A, More P, Ghosh S, Chippalkatti R, Chopade BA, Lahiri M, Basu S. Dual drug conjugated nanoparticle for simultaneous targeting of mitochondria and nucleus in cancer cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:7584-98. [PMID: 25811662 DOI: 10.1021/am5090226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Effective targeting of mitochondria has emerged as an alternative strategy in cancer chemotherapy. However, considering mitochondria's crucial role in cellular energetics, metabolism and signaling, targeting mitochondria with small molecules would lead to severe side effects in cancer patients. Moreover, mitochondrial functions are highly dependent on other cellular organelles like nucleus. Hence, simultaneous targeting of mitochondria and nucleus could lead to more effective anticancer strategy. To achieve this goal, we have developed sub 200 nm particles from dual drug conjugates derived from direct tethering of mitochondria damaging drug (α- tocopheryl succinate) and nucleus damaging drugs (cisplatin, doxorubicin and paclitaxel). These dual drug conjugated nanoparticles were internalized into the acidic lysosomal compartments of the HeLa cervical cancer cells through endocytosis and induced apoptosis through cell cycle arrest. These nanoparticles damaged mitochondrial morphology and triggered the release of cytochrome c. Furthermore, these nanoparticles target nucleus to induce DNA damage, fragment the nuclear morphology and damage the cytoskeletal protein tubulin. Therefore, these dual drug conjugated nanoparticles can be successfully used as a platform technology for simultaneous targeting of multiple subcellular organelles in cancer cells to improve the therapeutic efficacy of the free drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhik Mallick
- †Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Pune, Pune, 411021, Maharashtra India
| | - Piyush More
- †Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Pune, Pune, 411021, Maharashtra India
- §Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology (IBB), University of Pune, Pune, 411007, Maharashtra India
| | - Sougata Ghosh
- §Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology (IBB), University of Pune, Pune, 411007, Maharashtra India
| | - Rohan Chippalkatti
- §Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology (IBB), University of Pune, Pune, 411007, Maharashtra India
- ΦDepartment of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Pune, Pune, 411021, Maharashtra India
| | - Balu A Chopade
- ⊥Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, Maharashtra India
| | - Mayurika Lahiri
- ΦDepartment of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Pune, Pune, 411021, Maharashtra India
| | - Sudipta Basu
- †Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Pune, Pune, 411021, Maharashtra India
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Truksa J, Dong LF, Rohlena J, Stursa J, Vondrusova M, Goodwin J, Nguyen M, Kluckova K, Rychtarcikova Z, Lettlova S, Spacilova J, Stapelberg M, Zoratti M, Neuzil J. Mitochondrially targeted vitamin E succinate modulates expression of mitochondrial DNA transcripts and mitochondrial biogenesis. Antioxid Redox Signal 2015; 22:883-900. [PMID: 25578105 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To assess the effect of mitochondrially targeted vitamin E (VE) analogs on mitochondrial function and biogenesis. RESULTS Mitochondrially targeted vitamin E succinate (MitoVES) is an efficient inducer of apoptosis in cancer cells. Here, we show that unlike its untargeted counterpart α-tocopheryl succinate, MitoVES suppresses proliferation of cancer cells at sub-apoptotic doses by way of affecting the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) transcripts. We found that MitoVES strongly suppresses the level of the displacement loop transcript followed by those of mtDNA genes coding for subunits of mitochondrial complexes. This process is coupled to the inhibition of mitochondrial respiration, dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential, and generation of reactive oxygen species. In addition, exposure of cancer cells to MitoVES led to decreased expression of TFAM and diminished mitochondrial biogenesis. The inhibition of mitochondrial transcription was replicated in vivo in a mouse model of HER2(high) breast cancer, where MitoVES lowered the level of mtDNA transcripts in cancer cells but not in normal tissue. INNOVATION Our data show that mitochondrially targeted VE analogs represent a novel class of mitocans that not only induce apoptosis at higher concentrations but also block proliferation and suppress normal mitochondrial function and transcription at low, non-apoptogenic doses. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate a novel, selective anti-cancer activity of compounds that act by targeting mitochondria of cancer cells, inducing significant alterations in mitochondrial function associated with transcription of mtDNA-coded genes. These changes subsequently result in the arrest of cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav Truksa
- 1 Molecular Therapy Group, Institute of Biotechnology , Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
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Tomasetti M, Nocchi L, Staffolani S, Manzella N, Amati M, Goodwin J, Kluckova K, Nguyen M, Strafella E, Bajzikova M, Peterka M, Lettlova S, Truksa J, Lee W, Dong LF, Santarelli L, Neuzil J. MicroRNA-126 suppresses mesothelioma malignancy by targeting IRS1 and interfering with the mitochondrial function. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 21:2109-25. [PMID: 24444362 PMCID: PMC4215384 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS MiR126 was found to be frequently lost in many types of cancer, including malignant mesothelioma (MM), which represents one of the most challenging neoplastic diseases. In this study, we investigated the potential tumor suppressor function of MiR126 in MM cells. The effect of MiR126 was examined in response to oxidative stress, aberrant mitochondrial function induced by inhibition of complex I, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depletion, and hypoxia. RESULTS MiR126 was up-regulated by oxidative stress in nonmalignant mesothelial (Met5A) and MM (H28) cell lines. In Met5A cells, rotenone inhibited MiR126 expression, but mtDNA depletion and hypoxia up-regulated MiR126. However, these various stimuli suppressed the levels of MiR126 in H28 cells. MiR126 affected mitochondrial energy metabolism, reduced mitochondrial respiration, and promoted glycolysis in H28 cells. This metabolic shift, associated with insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS1)-modulated ATP-citrate lyase deregulation, resulted in higher ATP and citrate production. These changes were linked to the down-regulation of IRS1 by ectopic MiR126, reducing Akt signaling and inhibiting cytosolic sequestration of Forkhead box O1 (FoxO1), which promoted the expression of genes involved in gluconeogenesis and oxidative stress defense. These metabolic changes induced hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1α) stabilization. Consequently, MiR126 suppressed the malignancy of MM cells in vitro, a notion corroborated by the failure of H28(MiR126) cells to form tumors in nude mice. INNOVATION AND CONCLUSION MiR126 affects mitochondrial energy metabolism, resulting in MM tumor suppression. Since MM is a fatal neoplastic disease with a few therapeutic options, this finding is of potential translational importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Tomasetti
- 1 Department of Clinical and Molecular Science, Polytechnic University of Marche , Ancona, Italy
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49
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Zhao L, Zhao X, Zhao K, Wei P, Fang Y, Zhang F, Zhang B, Ogata K, Mori A, Wei T. The α-tocopherol derivative ESeroS-GS induces cell death and inhibits cell motility of breast cancer cells through the regulation of energy metabolism. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 745:98-107. [PMID: 25446928 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells are known to exhibit different hallmarks compared with normal cells. Therefore, targeting these features may improve the response to cancer therapy. In this study, we provided direct evidence that the α-tocopherol derivative ESeroS-GS inhibited the viability, migration, and invasion of breast cancer cells. ESeroS-GS induced cell death in different cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner but showed no significant effects on MCF-10A mammary epithelial cells. Although the ESeroS-GS-induced cell death in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells was accompanied with the generation of reactive oxygen species and the down regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), no such effect on reactive oxygen species and MMP was seen in MCF-10A cells. Further studies indicated that ESeroS-GS down-regulated the expression of hexokinase II, SDH B, UQCRC2 and COX II in MDA-MB-231 cells but not in MCF-10A cells. The down-regulation of these enzymes accounts for the decreased oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and glycolysis in MDA-MB-231 cells upon ESeroS-GS treatment. We also found that sub-toxic concentration of ESeroS-GS treatment resulted in the impairment of F-actin cytoskeleton assembly and the consequently decreased migratory and invasive ability of MDA-MB-231 cells, which might be due to the inhibition of cellular energy metabolism. These results indicate that ESeroS-GS shows potential to become a novel anti-cancer agent by targeting the energy metabolism of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Zhao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xingyu Zhao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Peng Wei
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi Fang
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Beijing 100021, China.
| | - Fenglin Zhang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Kazumi Ogata
- Research Laboratory for Drug Discovery, Senju Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Akitane Mori
- Okayama University School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Taotao Wei
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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50
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Hwang MS, Rohlena J, Dong LF, Neuzil J, Grimm S. Powerhouse down: Complex II dissociation in the respiratory chain. Mitochondrion 2014; 19 Pt A:20-8. [PMID: 24933571 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Complex II of the respiratory chain (RC) recently emerged as a prominent regulator of cell death. In both cancer cells as well as neurodegenerative diseases, mutations in subunits have been found along with other genetic alterations indirectly affecting this complex. Anticancer compounds were developed that target complex II and cause cell death in a tumor-specific way. Our mechanistic understanding of how complex II is activated for cell death induction has recently been made clearer in recent studies, the results of which are covered in this review. This protein assembly is specifically activated for cell death via the dissociation of its SDHA and SDHB subunits from the membrane-anchoring proteins through pH change or mitochondrial Ca(2+) influx. The SDH activity contained in the SDHA/SDHB subcomplex remains intact and then generates, in an uncontrolled fashion, excessive amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) for cell death. Future studies on this mitochondrial complex will further elucidate it as a target for cancer treatments and reveal its role as a nexus for many diverse stimuli in cell death signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Shih Hwang
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Jakub Rohlena
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Lan-Feng Dong
- School of Medical Science, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport Qld 4222, Australia
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic; School of Medical Science, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport Qld 4222, Australia
| | - Stefan Grimm
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK.
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