1
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Hunter LM, Kite J, Fletcher-Etherington A, Nightingale K, Nobre L, Antrobus R, Fielding CA, Stanton RJ, Weekes MP. HCMV US2 co-opts TRC8 to degrade the endoplasmic reticulum-resident protein LMAN2L. J Gen Virol 2024; 105:001980. [PMID: 38687323 PMCID: PMC11083459 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) pUS2 glycoprotein exploits the host's endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway to degrade major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) and prevent antigen presentation. Beyond MHC-I, pUS2 has been shown to target a range of cellular proteins for degradation, preventing their cell surface expression. Here we have identified a novel pUS2 target, ER-resident protein lectin mannose binding 2 like (LMAN2L). pUS2 expression was both necessary and sufficient for the downregulation of LMAN2L, which was dependent on the cellular E3 ligase TRC8. Given the hypothesized role of LMAN2L in the trafficking of glycoproteins, we employed proteomic plasma membrane profiling to measure LMAN2L-dependent changes at the cell surface. A known pUS2 target, integrin alpha-6 (ITGA6), was downregulated from the surface of LMAN2L-deficient cells, but not other integrins. Overall, these results suggest a novel strategy of pUS2-mediated protein degradation whereby pUS2 targets LMAN2L to impair trafficking of ITGA6. Given that pUS2 can directly target other integrins, we propose that this single viral protein may exhibit both direct and indirect mechanisms to downregulate key cell surface molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah M. Hunter
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK
| | - Joanne Kite
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK
| | - Alice Fletcher-Etherington
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK
| | - Katie Nightingale
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK
| | - Luis Nobre
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK
| | - Robin Antrobus
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK
| | - Ceri A. Fielding
- Cardiff University School of Medicine, Division of Infection and Immunity, Henry Wellcome Building, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Richard J. Stanton
- Cardiff University School of Medicine, Division of Infection and Immunity, Henry Wellcome Building, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Michael P. Weekes
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK
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2
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Kalaba P, Sanchez de la Rosa C, Möller A, Alewood PF, Muttenthaler M. Targeting the Oxytocin Receptor for Breast Cancer Management: A Niche for Peptide Tracers. J Med Chem 2024; 67:1625-1640. [PMID: 38235665 PMCID: PMC10859963 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a leading cause of death in women, and its management highly depends on early disease diagnosis and monitoring. This remains challenging due to breast cancer's heterogeneity and a scarcity of specific biomarkers that could predict responses to therapy and enable personalized treatment. This Perspective describes the diagnostic landscape for breast cancer management, molecular strategies targeting receptors overexpressed in tumors, the theranostic potential of the oxytocin receptor (OTR) as an emerging breast cancer target, and the development of OTR-specific optical and nuclear tracers to study, visualize, and treat tumors. A special focus is on the chemistry and pharmacology underpinning OTR tracer development, preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies, challenges, and future directions. The use of peptide-based tracers targeting upregulated receptors in cancer is a highly promising strategy complementing current diagnostics and therapies and providing new opportunities to improve cancer management and patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Predrag Kalaba
- Institute
of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Andreas Möller
- QIMR
Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
- The
Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Paul F. Alewood
- Institute
for Molecular Bioscience, The University
of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Markus Muttenthaler
- Institute
of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Institute
for Molecular Bioscience, The University
of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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3
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Liu H, Muttenthaler M. High Oxytocin Receptor Expression Linked to Increased Cell Migration and Reduced Survival in Patients with Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071595. [PMID: 35884900 PMCID: PMC9313263 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive breast cancer subtype with limited treatment options and high mortality. The oxytocin receptor (OTR) is a class-A G protein-coupled receptor that has been linked to breast cancer, but its role in tumorigenesis and disease progression remains underexplored. OTR expression is highest in tumour-adjacent breast tissue, followed by normal and tumour tissue, indicating a potential role in the tumour microenvironment. OTR levels were higher in migrated MDA-MB-231 cells than in the control parental cells cultured in normal medium; OTR overexpression/knock-down and metastasis biomarker experiments revealed that high OTR expression enhanced metastasis capabilities. These findings align well with data from a murine breast cancer metastasis model, where metastasised tumours had higher OTR expression than the corresponding primary tumours, and high OTR expression also correlates to reduced survival in TNBC patients. OTR agonists/antagonists did not affect MDA-MB-231 cell migration, and pharmacological analysis revealed that the OT/OTR signalling was compromised. High OTR expression enhanced cell migration in an OTR ligand-independent manner, with the underlying mechanism linked to the EGF-mediated ERK1/2-RSK-rpS6 pathway. Taken together, high OTR expression seems to be involved in TNBC metastasis via increasing cell sensitivity to EGF. These results support a potential prognostic biomarker role of OTR and provide new mechanistic insights and opportunities for targeted treatment options for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiping Liu
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia;
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Markus Muttenthaler
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia;
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-7-3346-2985; Fax: +61-7-3346-2101
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4
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Abstract
Oxytocin and oxytocin receptors are synthesized in the periphery where paracrine/autocrine actions have been described alongside endocrine actions effected by central release of oxytocin from the posterior pituitary. In the female reproductive system, classical actions of uterine contraction and milk ejection from mammary glands are accompanied by actions in the ovaries where roles in steroidogenesis, follicle recruitment and ovulation have been described. Steroidogenesis, contractile activity, and gamete health are similarly affected by oxytocin in the male reproductive tract. In the cardiovascular system, a local oxytocinergic system appears to play an important cardio-protective role. This role is likely associated with emerging evidence that peripheral oxytocin is an important hormone in the endocrinology of glucose homeostasis due to its actions in adipose, the pancreas, and the largely ignored oxytocinergic systems of the adrenal glands and liver. Gene polymorphisms are shown to be associated with a number of reported traits, not least factors associated with metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Assinder
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
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5
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Cell proliferation and anti-oxidant effects of oxytocin and oxytocin receptors: role of extracellular signal-regulating kinase in astrocyte-like cells. Endocr Regul 2021; 54:172-182. [PMID: 32857718 DOI: 10.2478/enr-2020-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oxytocin (OXT) participates in various physiological functions ranging from reproduction to social and non-social behaviors. Recent studies indicate that OXT affects cell growth and metabolism. Here we characterized the growth stimulating and antioxidant actions of OXT and of OXT receptors (OXTR) in a glial cell-line (U-87MG). METHODS We developed an OXTR-knockdown cell-line (U-87MG KD) to establish the receptor specificity of OXT's actions, and the impact of lacking OXTR on growth and survival in glial cells. The role Extracellular-Signal Regulated Kinases (ERK1/2) on glial cell protection against consequences of oxidative stress, and cell proliferation was investigated. RESULTS In U-87MG cells, OXT stimulated cell proliferation and increased ERK1/2 phosphorylation. The specific ERK1/2 inhibitor, PD098059, produced marked inhibition of cell proliferation, and antagonized the stimulating effect of OXT on ERK1/2 phosphorylation and on cell proliferation. Slower growth rates and lower levels of phosphorylated ERK1/2 were observed in OXTR-knockdown cells and in U-87MG cells treated with an OXTR antagonist (L-371,257). In addition to increasing cell proliferation, OXT significantly blunted the rise in reactive oxygen species induced by H2O2, and antagonized the reductions in cell viability induced by H2O2 and camptothecin. The cell protective and antioxidant actions of OXT in U-87MG cells were not observed in the OXTR-knockdown cells. CONCLUSION OXT stimulates the growth of astrocyte-like cells acting on OXTR via ERK1/2 phosphorylation. The protection against apoptosis and the antioxidant capacity of OXT may contribute to the observed increase in cell proliferation. Oxytocin and OXTR appear to be fundamental for cell growth and viability of glial cells.
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6
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Wang SC, Wang YF. Cardiovascular protective properties of oxytocin against COVID-19. Life Sci 2021; 270:119130. [PMID: 33513400 PMCID: PMC7837104 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 has become a worldwide pandemic; however, effective treatment for COVID-19 remains to be established. Along with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), new and old cardiovascular injuries are important causes of significant morbidity and mortality in COVID-19. Exploring new approaches managing cardiovascular complications is essential in controlling the disease progression and preventing long-term complications. Oxytocin (OXT), an immune-regulating neuropeptide, has recently emerged as a strong candidate for treatment and prevention of COVID-19 pandemic. OXT carries special functions in immunologic defense, homeostasis and surveillance. It suppresses neutrophil infiltration and inflammatory cytokine release, activates T-lymphocytes, and antagonizes negative effects of angiotensin II and other key pathological events of COVID-19. Additionally, OXT can promote γ-interferon expression to inhibit cathepsin L and increases superoxide dismutase expression to reduce heparin and heparan sulphate fragmentation. Through these mechanisms, OXT can block viral invasion, suppress cytokine storm, reverse lymphocytopenia, and prevent progression to ARDS and multiple organ failures. Importantly, besides prevention of metabolic disorders associated with atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus, OXT can protect the heart and vasculature through suppressing hypertension and brain-heart syndrome, and promoting regeneration of injured cardiomyocytes. Unlike other therapeutic agents, exogenous OXT can be used safely without the side-effects seen in remdesivir and corticosteroid. Importantly, OXT can be mobilized endogenously to prevent pathogenesis of COVID-19. This article summarizes our current understandings of cardiovascular pathogenesis caused by COVID-19, explores the protective potentials of OXT against COVID-19-associated cardiovascular diseases, and discusses challenges in applying OXT in treatment and prevention of COVID-19. Chemical compounds Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2); atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP); cathepsin L; heparan sulphate proteoglycans (HSPGs); interferon; interleukin; oxytocin; superoxide dismutase; transmembrane serine protease isoform 2 (TMPRSS2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephani C Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
| | - Yu-Feng Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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7
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McKay EC, Counts SE. Oxytocin Receptor Signaling in Vascular Function and Stroke. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:574499. [PMID: 33071746 PMCID: PMC7544744 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.574499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The oxytocin receptor (OXTR) is a G protein-coupled receptor with a diverse repertoire of intracellular signaling pathways, which are activated in response to binding oxytocin (OXT) and a similar nonapeptide, vasopressin. This review summarizes the cell and molecular biology of the OXTR and its downstream signaling cascades, particularly focusing on the vasoactive functions of OXTR signaling in humans and animal models, as well as the clinical applications of OXTR targeting cerebrovascular accidents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin C McKay
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United States.,Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Scott E Counts
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United States.,Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Department of Family Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United States.,Hauenstein Neurosciences Center, Mercy Health Saint Mary's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, United States.,Michigan Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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8
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Liu H, Gruber CW, Alewood PF, Möller A, Muttenthaler M. The oxytocin receptor signalling system and breast cancer: a critical review. Oncogene 2020; 39:5917-5932. [PMID: 32782397 PMCID: PMC7483001 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01415-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is making up one-quarter of all new female cancer cases diagnosed worldwide. Breast cancer surgeries, radiation therapies, cytotoxic chemotherapies and targeted therapies have made significant progress and play a dominant role in breast cancer patient management. However, many challenges remain, including resistance to systemic therapies, tumour recurrence and metastasis. The cyclic neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) elicits a plethora of biological responses via the oxytocin receptor (OTR) in both the central and peripheral nervous system, including social bonding, stress, maternal behaviour, sexual activity, uterus contraction, milk ejection and cancer. As a typical member of the G protein-coupled receptor family, OTR represents also an intriguing target for cancer therapy. There is emerging evidence that OTR plays a role in breast cancer development and progression, and several breast cancer cell lines express OTR. However, despite supporting evidence that OT lowers breast cancer risks, its mechanistic role in breast cancer development and the related signalling pathways are not fully understood. Here, we review the current knowledge of the OT/OTR signalling system in healthy breast tissue as well as in breast cancer, and discuss OTR as a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiping Liu
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Christian W Gruber
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paul F Alewood
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Andreas Möller
- Tumour Microenvironment Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Markus Muttenthaler
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia. .,Institute of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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9
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Krishn SR, Salem I, Quaglia F, Naranjo NM, Agarwal E, Liu Q, Sarker S, Kopenhaver J, McCue PA, Weinreb PH, Violette SM, Altieri DC, Languino LR. The αvβ6 integrin in cancer cell-derived small extracellular vesicles enhances angiogenesis. J Extracell Vesicles 2020; 9:1763594. [PMID: 32595914 PMCID: PMC7301698 DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2020.1763594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PrCa) cells crosstalk with the tumour microenvironment by releasing small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). sEVs, as well as large extracellular vesicles (LEVs), isolated via iodixanol density gradients from PrCa cell culture media, express the epithelial-specific αvβ6 integrin, which is known to be induced in cancer. In this study, we show sEV-mediated protein transfer of αvβ6 integrin to microvascular endothelial cells (human microvascular endothelial cells 1 - HMEC1) and demonstrate that de novo αvβ6 integrin expression is not caused by increased mRNA levels. Incubation of HMEC1 with sEVs isolated from PrCa PC3 cells that express the αvβ6 integrin results in a highly significant increase in the number of nodes, junctions and tubules. In contrast, incubation of HMEC1 with sEVs isolated from β6 negative PC3 cells, generated by shRNA against β6, results in a reduction in the number of nodes, junctions and tubules, a decrease in survivin levels and an increase in a negative regulator of angiogenesis, pSTAT1. Furthermore, treatment of HMEC1 with sEVs generated by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated down-regulation of β6, causes up-regulation of pSTAT1. Overall, our findings suggest that αvβ6 integrin in cancer sEVs regulates angiogenesis during PrCa progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Ram Krishn
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Israa Salem
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Fabio Quaglia
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Nicole M Naranjo
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Ekta Agarwal
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, USA.,Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Qin Liu
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Srawasti Sarker
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Jessica Kopenhaver
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Peter A McCue
- Department of Pathology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | | | | | - Dario C Altieri
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, USA.,Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Lucia R Languino
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
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10
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Wang Q, Xu K, Tong Y, Dai X, Xu T, He D, Ying J. Novel miRNA markers for the diagnosis and prognosis of endometrial cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:4533-4546. [PMID: 32150330 PMCID: PMC7176884 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As endometrial cancer (EC) is a major threat to female health worldwide, the ability to provide an accurate diagnosis and prognosis of EC is promising to improve its treatment guidance. Since the discovery of miRNAs, it has been realized that miRNAs are associated with every cell function, including malignant transformation and metastasis. This study aimed to explore diagnostic and prognostic miRNA markers of EC. In this study, differential analysis and machine learning were performed, followed by correlation analysis of miRNA-mRNA based on the miRNA and mRNA expression data. Nine miRNAs were identified as diagnostic markers, and a diagnostic classifier was established to distinguish between EC and normal endometrium tissue with overall correct rates >95%. Five specific prognostic miRNA markers were selected to construct a prognostic model, which was confirmed more effective in identifying EC patients at high risk of mortality compared with the FIGO staging system. This study demonstrates that the expression patterns of miRNAs may hold promise for becoming diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets for EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryWenzhou People's HospitalThe Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Kai Xu
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryWenzhou People's HospitalThe Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Yu Tong
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryWenzhou People's HospitalThe Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Xianning Dai
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryWenzhou People's HospitalThe Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Teng Xu
- Department of CardiologyInstitute of Translational MedicineBaotou Central HospitalBaotouChina
| | - Danna He
- Department of CardiologyInstitute of Translational MedicineBaotou Central HospitalBaotouChina
| | - Jianchao Ying
- Central LaboratoryInstitute of Emergency MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
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11
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Bernardini M, Brossa A, Chinigo G, Grolez GP, Trimaglio G, Allart L, Hulot A, Marot G, Genova T, Joshi A, Mattot V, Fromont G, Munaron L, Bussolati B, Prevarskaya N, Fiorio Pla A, Gkika D. Transient Receptor Potential Channel Expression Signatures in Tumor-Derived Endothelial Cells: Functional Roles in Prostate Cancer Angiogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11070956. [PMID: 31288452 PMCID: PMC6678088 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11070956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels control multiple processes involved in cancer progression by modulating cell proliferation, survival, invasion and intravasation, as well as, endothelial cell (EC) biology and tumor angiogenesis. Nonetheless, a complete TRP expression signature in tumor vessels, including in prostate cancer (PCa), is still lacking. Methods: In the present study, we profiled by qPCR the expression of all TRP channels in human prostate tumor-derived ECs (TECs) in comparison with TECs from breast and renal tumors. We further functionally characterized the role of the ‘prostate-associated’ channels in proliferation, sprout formation and elongation, directed motility guiding, as well as in vitro and in vivo morphogenesis and angiogenesis. Results: We identified three ‘prostate-associated’ genes whose expression is upregulated in prostate TECs: TRPV2 as a positive modulator of TEC proliferation, TRPC3 as an endothelial PCa cell attraction factor and TRPA1 as a critical TEC angiogenic factor in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions: We provide here the full TRP signature of PCa vascularization among which three play a profound effect on EC biology. These results contribute to explain the aggressive phenotype previously observed in PTEC and provide new putative therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Bernardini
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003-PHYCEL-Physiologie Cellulaire, F-59000 Lille, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Université de Lille, F-59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
- Department of Life Science and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | - Alessia Brossa
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Centre, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Giorgia Chinigo
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003-PHYCEL-Physiologie Cellulaire, F-59000 Lille, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Université de Lille, F-59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
- Department of Life Science and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | - Guillaume P Grolez
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003-PHYCEL-Physiologie Cellulaire, F-59000 Lille, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Université de Lille, F-59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Giulia Trimaglio
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003-PHYCEL-Physiologie Cellulaire, F-59000 Lille, France
- Department of Life Science and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | - Laurent Allart
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003-PHYCEL-Physiologie Cellulaire, F-59000 Lille, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Université de Lille, F-59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Audrey Hulot
- Univ. Lille, Institut Français de Bioinformatique, bilille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Guillemette Marot
- Univ. Lille, Institut Français de Bioinformatique, bilille, F-59000 Lille, France
- Univ. Lille, Inria, CHU Lille, EA 2694-MODAL-Models for Data Analysis and Learning, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Tullio Genova
- Department of Life Science and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | - Aditi Joshi
- Department of Life Science and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | - Virginie Mattot
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8161, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Gaelle Fromont
- Inserm UMR 1069, Université de Tours, 37000 Tours, France
| | - Luca Munaron
- Department of Life Science and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | - Benedetta Bussolati
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Centre, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Natalia Prevarskaya
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003-PHYCEL-Physiologie Cellulaire, F-59000 Lille, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Université de Lille, F-59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Alessandra Fiorio Pla
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003-PHYCEL-Physiologie Cellulaire, F-59000 Lille, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Université de Lille, F-59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
- Department of Life Science and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | - Dimitra Gkika
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003-PHYCEL-Physiologie Cellulaire, F-59000 Lille, France.
- Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Université de Lille, F-59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
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12
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Zatkova M, Reichova A, Bacova Z, Bakos J. Activation of the Oxytocin Receptor Modulates the Expression of Synaptic Adhesion Molecules in a Cell-Specific Manner. J Mol Neurosci 2019; 68:171-180. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-019-01296-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Ariana M, Pornour M, Mehr SS, Vaseghi H, Ganji SM, Alivand MR, Salari M, Akbari ME. Preventive effects of oxytocin and oxytocin receptor in breast cancer pathogenesis. Per Med 2018; 16:25-34. [PMID: 30451597 DOI: 10.2217/pme-2018-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM Modifications of oxytocin (OT) concentration and OT receptor (OXTR) expression level have different effects on breast cancer-derived cells. This study was conducted to evaluate OT variation in breast cancer patients and to evaluate OXTR expression changes in breast cancer tissues. METHODS The plasma concentrations of OT in both breast cancer patients and healthy individuals' samples were assessed. OXTR variations were then assessed in both cancerous and noncancerous breast tissues. RESULTS OT had an increase in breast cancer patients and expression of OXTR in contralateral breast was more than cancerous tissues. CONCLUSION Despite the high levels of OT concentration in breast cancer patients, it seems that a lower expression of OXTR in cancerous tissues can be effective in the breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Ariana
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Pornour
- Department of Photo Healing & Regeneration, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, Academic Center for Education, Culture & Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Sarafraz Mehr
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hajar Vaseghi
- Department of Photo Healing & Regeneration, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, Academic Center for Education, Culture & Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad R Alivand
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Salari
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Terabit Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad E Akbari
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Zatkova M, Bacova Z, Puerta F, Lestanova Z, Alanazi M, Kiss A, Reichova A, Castejon AM, Ostatnikova D, Bakos J. Projection length stimulated by oxytocin is modulated by the inhibition of calcium signaling in U-87MG cells. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2018; 125:1847-1856. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-018-1933-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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15
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Xu H, Fu S, Chen Q, Gu M, Zhou J, Liu C, Chen Y, Wang Z. The function of oxytocin: a potential biomarker for prostate cancer diagnosis and promoter of prostate cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:31215-31226. [PMID: 28415720 PMCID: PMC5458202 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To measure the level of oxytocin in serum and prostate cancer (PCa) tissue and study its effect on the proliferation of PCa cells. RESULTS Oxytocin level in serum was significantly increased in PCa patients compared with the no-carcinoma individuals. Additionally, the levels of oxytocin and its receptor were also elevated in the PCa tissue. However, no significant difference existed among the PCa of various Gleason grades. Western blot analysis confirmed the previous results and revealed an increased expression level of APPL1. MATERIALS AND METHODS The level of oxytocin in serum was measured by ELISA analysis. The expression of oxytocin and its receptor in prostate was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The proliferation and apoptosis of PCa cells were assessed by the Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK8) assay, cell cycle analysis and caspase3 activity analysis, respectively. Western blot analysis was used for the detection of PCNA, Caspase3 and APPL1 protein levels. CONCLUSIONS Serum and prostatic oxytocin levels are increased in the PCa subjects. Serum oxytocin level may be a biomarker for PCa in the future. Oxytocin increases PCa growth and APPL1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Xu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Shi Fu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Urology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Meng Gu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Juan Zhou
- Department of Urology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Chong Liu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yanbo Chen
- Department of Urology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
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16
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Mohan S, Khan D, Moffett RC, Irwin N, Flatt PR. Oxytocin is present in islets and plays a role in beta-cell function and survival. Peptides 2018; 100:260-268. [PMID: 29274352 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2017.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Oxytocin is associated mainly with modulating reproductive function. However, studies suggest that oxytocin also plays a role in endocrine pancreatic function. In the present study, islet expression of oxytocin and its related receptor was confirmed in mouse islets as well as cultured rodent and human beta-cells. Oxytocin significantly stimulated glucose-induced insulin secretion from isolated mouse islets. Similar insulinotropic actions were also observed in rodent BRIN BD11 and human 1.1B4 beta-cells. Positive effects of oxytocin on insulin secretion were almost fully annulled by the oxytocin receptor antagonist, atosiban. In terms of mechanism of insulin secretory action, oxytocin had no effect on beta-cell membrane potential or cAMP generation, but did augment intracellular calcium concentrations. In vivo administration of oxytocin to mice significantly reduced overall blood glucose levels and increased plasma insulin concentrations in response to a glucose challenge. Oxytocin also had a modest, but significant, appetite suppressive effect. As expected, streptozotocin diabetic mice had marked loss of beta-cell area accompanied by increases in alpha-cell area, whilst hydrocortisone treatment increased beta-cell and overall islet areas. Both mouse models of diabetes presented with dramatically decreased percentage islet oxytocin co-localisation with insulin and increased co-localisation with glucagon. More detailed studies in cultured beta-cell lines revealed direct positive effects of oxytocin on beta-cell proliferation and protection against apoptosis. Together, these data highlight a potentially important role of islet-derived oxytocin and related receptor signalling pathways on the modulation of beta-cell function and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Mohan
- SAAD Centre for Pharmacy and Diabetes, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Dawood Khan
- SAAD Centre for Pharmacy and Diabetes, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - R Charlotte Moffett
- SAAD Centre for Pharmacy and Diabetes, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Nigel Irwin
- SAAD Centre for Pharmacy and Diabetes, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - Peter R Flatt
- SAAD Centre for Pharmacy and Diabetes, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
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17
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Oxytocin alters cell fate selection of rat neural progenitor cells in vitro. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191160. [PMID: 29346405 PMCID: PMC5773179 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic oxytocin (sOT) is widely used during labor, yet little is known about its effects on fetal brain development despite evidence that it reaches the fetal circulation. Here, we tested the hypothesis that sOT would affect early neurodevelopment by investigating its effects on neural progenitor cells (NPC) from embryonic day 14 rat pups. NPCs expressed the oxytocin receptor (OXTR), which was downregulated by 45% upon prolonged treatment with sOT. Next, we examined the effects of sOT on NPC death, apoptosis, proliferation, and differentiation using antibodies to NeuN (neurons), Olig2 (oligodendrocytes), and GFAP (astrocytes). Treated NPCs were analysed with unbiased high-throughput immunocytochemistry. Neither 6 nor 24 h exposure to 100 pM or 100 nM sOT had an effect on viability as assessed by PI or CC-3 immunocytochemistry. Similarly, sOT had negligible effect on NPC proliferation, except that the overall rate of NPC proliferation was higher in the 24 h compared to the 6 h group regardless of sOT exposure. The most significant finding was that sOT exposure caused NPCs to select a predominantly neuronal lineage, along with a concomitant decrease in glial cells. Collectively, our data suggest that perinatal exposure to sOT can have neurodevelopmental consequences for the fetus, and support the need for in vivo anatomical and behavioral studies in offspring exposed to sOT in utero.
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19
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Sorg H, Grambow E, Eckl E, Vollmar B. Oxytocin effects on experimental skin wound healing. Innov Surg Sci 2017; 2:219-232. [PMID: 31579755 PMCID: PMC6754027 DOI: 10.1515/iss-2017-0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oxytocin (OXY) has significant effects on mammalian behavior. Next to its role in lactation and social interactions, it is described to support better wound healing as well. However, direct OXY effects on wound healing and the regeneration of the microvascular network are still not clarified. We therefore examined the effects of OXY and an OXY receptor antagonist [atosiban (ATO)] on skin wound healing, focusing on epithelialization and neovascularization. METHODS Skin wound healing has been assessed using intravital fluorescence microscopy in a model of full dermal thickness wounds in the dorsal skin fold chamber of hairless mice. Animals received repetitive low or high doses of OXY or ATO. Morphological and cellular characterization of skin tissue repair was performed by histology and in vitro cell assays. RESULTS The assessment of skin tissue repair using this therapy regimen showed that OXY and ATO had no major influence on epithelialization, neovascularization, wound cellularity, or inflammation. Moreover, OXY and ATO did neither stimulate nor deteriorate keratinocyte or fibroblast migration and proliferation. CONCLUSION In summary, this study is the first to demonstrate that OXY application does not impair skin wound healing or cell behavior. However, until now, the used transmitter system seems not to be clarified in detail, and it might be proposed that it is associated with the stress response of the organism to various stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heiko Sorg
- Institute for Experimental Surgery, University Medicine Rostock, Schillingallee 69a, 18057 Rostock, Germany
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Hand Surgery, Alfried Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany
| | - Eberhard Grambow
- Institute for Experimental Surgery, University Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Erik Eckl
- Institute for Experimental Surgery, University Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Brigitte Vollmar
- Institute for Experimental Surgery, University Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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20
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Dual contribution of TRPV4 antagonism in the regulatory effect of vasoinhibins on blood-retinal barrier permeability: diabetic milieu makes a difference. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13094. [PMID: 29026201 PMCID: PMC5638810 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13621-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier (BRB), as occurs in diabetic retinopathy and other chronic retinal diseases, results in vasogenic edema and neural tissue damage, causing vision loss. Vasoinhibins are N-terminal fragments of prolactin that prevent BRB breakdown during diabetes. They modulate the expression of some transient receptor potential (TRP) family members, yet their role in regulating the TRP vanilloid subtype 4 (TRPV4) remains unknown. TRPV4 is a calcium-permeable channel involved in barrier permeability, which blockade has been shown to prevent and resolve pulmonary edema. We found TRPV4 expression in the endothelium and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) components of the BRB, and that TRPV4-selective antagonists (RN-1734 and GSK2193874) resolve BRB breakdown in diabetic rats. Using human RPE (ARPE-19) cell monolayers and endothelial cell systems, we further observed that (i) GSK2193874 does not seem to contribute to the regulation of BRB and RPE permeability by vasoinhibins under diabetic or hyperglycemic-mimicking conditions, but that (ii) vasoinhibins can block TRPV4 to maintain BRB and endothelial permeability. Our results provide important insights into the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy that will further guide us toward rationally-guided new therapies: synergistic combination of selective TRPV4 blockers and vasoinhibins can be proposed to mitigate diabetes-evoked BRB breakdown.
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21
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Genova T, Grolez GP, Camillo C, Bernardini M, Bokhobza A, Richard E, Scianna M, Lemonnier L, Valdembri D, Munaron L, Philips MR, Mattot V, Serini G, Prevarskaya N, Gkika D, Pla AF. TRPM8 inhibits endothelial cell migration via a non-channel function by trapping the small GTPase Rap1. J Cell Biol 2017; 216:2107-2130. [PMID: 28550110 PMCID: PMC5496606 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201506024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 06/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell adhesion and migration are critical steps of the angiogenic process, whose dysfunction is associated with tumor growth and metastasis. The TRPM8 channel has recently been proposed to play a protective role in prostate cancer by impairing cell motility. However, the mechanisms by which it could influence vascular behavior are unknown. Here, we reveal a novel non-channel function for TRPM8 that unexpectedly acts as a Rap1 GTPase inhibitor, thereby inhibiting endothelial cell motility, independently of pore function. TRPM8 retains Rap1 intracellularly through direct protein-protein interaction, thus preventing its cytoplasm-plasma membrane trafficking. In turn, this mechanism impairs the activation of a major inside-out signaling pathway that triggers the conformational activation of integrin and, consequently, cell adhesion, migration, in vitro endothelial tube formation, and spheroid sprouting. Our results bring to light a novel, pore-independent molecular mechanism by which endogenous TRPM8 expression inhibits Rap1 GTPase and thus plays a critical role in the behavior of vascular endothelial cells by inhibiting migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tullio Genova
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Guillaume P Grolez
- Laboratoire de Physiologie cellulaire, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1003, Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Université de Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Chiara Camillo
- Laboratory of Cell Adhesion Dynamics, Candiolo Cancer Institute, Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Michela Bernardini
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Laboratoire de Physiologie cellulaire, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1003, Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Université de Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Alexandre Bokhobza
- Laboratoire de Physiologie cellulaire, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1003, Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Université de Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Elodie Richard
- BICeL Campus Lille1, FR3688 FRABio, Université de Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Marco Scianna
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Loic Lemonnier
- Laboratoire de Physiologie cellulaire, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1003, Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Université de Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Donatella Valdembri
- Laboratory of Cell Adhesion Dynamics, Candiolo Cancer Institute, Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Luca Munaron
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces Centre of Excellence, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Mark R Philips
- Cancer Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Virginie Mattot
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8161 - Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Target Therapies, Universite de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Guido Serini
- Laboratory of Cell Adhesion Dynamics, Candiolo Cancer Institute, Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Natalia Prevarskaya
- Laboratoire de Physiologie cellulaire, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1003, Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Université de Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Dimitra Gkika
- Laboratoire de Physiologie cellulaire, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1003, Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Université de Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Alessandra Fiorio Pla
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy .,Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces Centre of Excellence, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Laboratoire de Physiologie cellulaire, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1003, Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Université de Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
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22
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Zatkova M, Reichova A, Bacova Z, Strbak V, Kiss A, Bakos J. Neurite Outgrowth Stimulated by Oxytocin Is Modulated by Inhibition of the Calcium Voltage-Gated Channels. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2017; 38:371-378. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-017-0503-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Regulation of angiogenic behaviors by oxytocin receptor through Gli1-indcued transcription of HIF-1α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 90:928-934. [PMID: 28445928 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a dynamic hypoxia-stimulated process playing a key role in tissue growth and repair under various pathophysiological circumstances. Abnormal angiogenesis contributes to the pathogenesis of many human diseases. Oxytocin receptor is a classical G-protein-coupled receptor expressed on endothelial cells. The present study was aimed to investigate how oxytocin receptor regulated the angiogenic behaviors of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). We found that oxytocin at 0.1μM significantly increased cell proliferation, upregulated the mRNA and protein expression of CD31 and vWF (two important endothelial markers), and enhanced the tuber formation capacity in HUVECs. However, oxytocin receptor inhibitor atosiban at 10μM significantly suppressed these angiogenic properties of HUVECs. Additionally, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) inhibitor PX-478 at 20μM also remarkably inhibited the angiogenic properties of HUVECs. We further found that atosiban at 10μM significantly repressed the promoter activity of HIF-1α and reduced the mRNA and protein expression of HIF-1α in HUVECs. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of HIF-1α by PX-478 at 20μM abolished oxytocin-enhanced angiogenic properties of HUVECs. Finally, transcription factor Gli1 inhibitor GANT-58 at 5μM significantly abolished oxytocin-induced mRNA and protein expression of HIF-1α, while the nuclear abundance of Gli1 was significantly reduced by atosiban at 10μM, but was increased by oxytocin at 0.1μM in HUVECs. GANT-58 at 5μM also significantly abolished oxytocin-enhanced angiogenic properties of HUVECs. Altogether, these discoveries suggested that oxytocin receptor signaling promoted the angiogenic behaviors of HUVECs via Gli1-indcued transcription of HIF-1α. We provided novel molecular insights into endothelial cell-mediated angiogenesis.
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Kallak TK, Uvnäs-Moberg K. Oxytocin stimulates cell proliferation in vaginal cell line Vk2E6E7. Post Reprod Health 2017; 23:6-12. [PMID: 28381099 DOI: 10.1177/2053369117693148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective During and after menopause, the symptoms of vaginal atrophy cause great discomfort and necessitate effective treatment options. Currently, vaginally applied oxytocin is being investigated as a treatment for the symptoms of vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women. To clarify the mechanisms behind oxytocins effects on vaginal atrophy, the present study investigated the effects of oxytocin on cell proliferation in the cells of the Vk2E6E7 line, a non-tumour vaginal cell line. The study also compared the effects of oxytocin with those of estradiol (E2). Study design The effects of both oxytocin and E2 on the proliferation of Vk2E6E7 cells were investigated using Cell Proliferation ELISA BrdU Colorimetric Assay. The expression of both oxytocin and oxytocin receptor was studied in Vk2E6E7 cells using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescent staining. Main outcome measures Cell proliferation and gene expression. Results Oxytocin increased cell proliferation both time dependently and dose dependently. This differed from the effect pattern observed in cells treated with E2. In addition, in oxytocin-treated cells, the oxytocin receptor was found to be co-localized with caveolin-1, indicating pro-proliferative signalling within the cell. Conclusions Oxytocin stimulates cell proliferation and the co-localization of oxytocin receptor with caveolin-1 in oxytocin-treated cells, supporting the role of oxytocin signalling in cell proliferation. In addition, these findings suggest that increased cell proliferation is one mechanism by which local vaginal oxytocin treatment increases vaginal thickness and relieves vaginal symptoms in postmenopausal women with vaginal atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodora K Kallak
- 1 Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kerstin Uvnäs-Moberg
- 2 Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skara, Sweden.,3 School of Life Science, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden
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25
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Der Sarkissian S, Lévesque T, Noiseux N. Optimizing stem cells for cardiac repair: Current status and new frontiers in regenerative cardiology. World J Stem Cells 2017; 9:9-25. [PMID: 28154736 PMCID: PMC5253186 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v9.i1.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy has the potential to improve healing of ischemic heart, repopulate injured myocardium and restore cardiac function. The tremendous hope and potential of stem cell therapy is well understood, yet recent trials involving cell therapy for cardiovascular diseases have yielded mixed results with inconsistent data thereby readdressing controversies and unresolved questions regarding stem cell efficacy for ischemic cardiac disease treatment. These controversies are believed to arise by the lack of uniformity of the clinical trial methodologies, uncertainty regarding the underlying reparative mechanisms of stem cells, questions concerning the most appropriate cell population to use, the proper delivery method and timing in relation to the moment of infarction, as well as the poor stem cell survival and engraftment especially in a diseased microenvironment which is collectively acknowledged as a major hindrance to any form of cell therapy. Indeed, the microenvironment of the failing heart exhibits pathological hypoxic, oxidative and inflammatory stressors impairing the survival of transplanted cells. Therefore, in order to observe any significant therapeutic benefit there is a need to increase resilience of stem cells to death in the transplant microenvironment while preserving or better yet improving their reparative functionality. Although stem cell differentiation into cardiomyocytes has been observed in some instance, the prevailing reparative benefits are afforded through paracrine mechanisms that promote angiogenesis, cell survival, transdifferentiate host cells and modulate immune responses. Therefore, to maximize their reparative functionality, ex vivo manipulation of stem cells through physical, genetic and pharmacological means have shown promise to enable cells to thrive in the post-ischemic transplant microenvironment. In the present work, we will overview the current status of stem cell therapy for ischemic heart disease, discuss the most recurring cell populations employed, the mechanisms by which stem cells deliver a therapeutic benefit and strategies that have been used to optimize and increase survival and functionality of stem cells including ex vivo preconditioning with drugs and a novel “pharmaco-optimizer” as well as genetic modifications.
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26
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Benavente MA, Bianchi CP, Imperiale F, Aba MA. Antiproliferative Effects of Oxytocin and Desmopressin on Canine Mammary Cancer Cells. Front Vet Sci 2016; 3:119. [PMID: 28083539 PMCID: PMC5183597 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2016.00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neoplasms of the mammary gland represent the most frequent tumor type in the female dog, and according to the histologic criteria, approximately 50% of them are malignant. In the most aggressive cases of mammary cancer, surgery is not enough to warrant a favorable outcome, and adjuvant therapies are needed to improve the patient’s overall survival. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of two peptides on proliferation of a canine mammary cancer cell line derived from a simple carcinoma. The cell line CMT-U27 was grown in 96-well plates, at two cell densities (4 × 103 and 8 × 103 cells/well). Cultures were treated with oxytocin (OT) or desmopressin at five concentrations (10, 50, 100, 500, and 1000 nM). After 72 h of incubation, cell proliferation was determined by the MTT assay. Results showed that with 4 × 103 cells/well, OT at 50, 500, and 1000 nM was growth inhibitory for the cells, being statistically significant at 1000 nM. On the contrary, no antiproliferative effect was observed with 10 or 100 nM. At 8 × 103 cells/well, OT showed a significant antiproliferative effect only with the highest concentration (1000 nM). Desmopressin at 4 × 103 cells/well decreased cell viability at concentrations of 50, 100, 500, and 1000 nM (statistically significant with the highest concentration), while no effect was observed with 10 nM. With 8 × 103 cells/well, this peptide reduced cell growth at 100, 500, and 1000 nM. In conclusion, we suggest that these peptides may be potential and promising compounds for the treatment of dogs with simple carcinomas of the mammary gland. In vivo studies are required to confirm this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaela Andrea Benavente
- Laboratorio de Endocrinología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA) , Tandil , Argentina
| | - Carolina Paula Bianchi
- Laboratorio de Endocrinología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA) , Tandil , Argentina
| | - Fernanda Imperiale
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA) , Tandil , Argentina
| | - Marcelo Alfredo Aba
- Laboratorio de Endocrinología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA) , Tandil , Argentina
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Lestanova Z, Puerta F, Alanazi M, Bacova Z, Kiss A, Castejon AM, Bakos J. Downregulation of Oxytocin Receptor Decreases the Length of Projections Stimulated by Retinoic Acid in the U-87MG Cells. Neurochem Res 2016; 42:1006-1014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-2133-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Pregnancy-Associated Risk Factors of Postpartum Breast Cancer in Korea: A Nationwide Health Insurance Database Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168469. [PMID: 27977789 PMCID: PMC5158062 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with postpartum breast cancer have been reported to have a poor prognosis. The present study aimed to evaluate the pregnancy-related risk factors of postpartum breast cancer in Korea. We collected patient data from the Korea National Health Insurance (KNHI) Claims Database of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) for the 2009–2013 period. We evaluated the pregnancy-related risk factors for postpartum breast cancer in two population groups. For Group 1 (women who had given birth during the 2010–2012 period), data on those who were diagnosed with breast cancer from childbirth to 1-year postpartum were extracted. For Group 2, we extracted the data of women who gave birth in 2010 and traced them until December 31, 2013. In Group 1, 1,384,551 deliveries and 317 postpartum breast cancer patients were recorded in Korea between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2012. Women aged ≥35 years (Odds Ratio [OR], 2.003; 95% Confidence Interval [CI], 1.567–2.560) and those who gave birth via cesarean delivery (OR, 1.237; 95% CI, 0.986–1.553) were considered to be at a higher risk for breast cancer. Lower risk was noted in primiparous women (OR, 0.737; 95% CI, 0.585–0.928). In Group 2, the data of 457,924 women who gave birth in 2010 were traced until December 31, 2013. Among them, 655 patients were diagnosed with breast cancer, and age ≥35 years and cesarean delivery were associated with an higher risk of breast cancer, whereas primiparous status was associated with a lower risk of breast cancer. In conclusion, older age (≥35 years) and cesarean delivery are significant risk factors for postpartum breast cancer, and primiparous women have a lower risk of developing postpartum breast cancer.
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Hinzey A, Gaudier-Diaz MM, Lustberg MB, DeVries AC. Breast cancer and social environment: getting by with a little help from our friends. Breast Cancer Res 2016; 18:54. [PMID: 27225892 PMCID: PMC4881170 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-016-0700-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Social environment is a well-recognized determinant in health and wellbeing. Among breast cancer patients, inadequate social support is associated with a substantial increase in cancer-related mortality. A common explanation is that socially isolated individuals fare worse due to reduced instrumental support (i.e., assistance meeting the demands of treatment). However, the ability to replicate the detrimental effects of social isolation on mammary tumor growth in rodents strongly suggests an alternative explanation; i.e., socially isolated individuals have a physiological milieu that promotes tumor growth. This review summarizes the clinical and basic science literature supporting social influences on breast cancer, and provides a conceptual physiological framework for these effects. We propose that social environment contributes to the vast individual differences in prognosis among breast cancer survivors because social environment is capable of altering basic physiological processes, which in turn can modulate tumor growth. Appreciation of the role of social environment in breast cancer progression could promote the identification of patients at increased risk for poor outcomes. In addition, characterization of the underlying physiological mechanisms could lead to targeted disruption of detrimental pathways that promote tumor progression in socially isolated individuals, or exploitation of protective pathways activated through social engagement as novel therapeutic complements to contemporary treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Hinzey
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Monica M Gaudier-Diaz
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Maryam B Lustberg
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.,The Stephanie Spielman Breast Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - A Courtney DeVries
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. .,614 Biomedical Research Tower, 460 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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Oxytocin-secreting system: A major part of the neuroendocrine center regulating immunologic activity. J Neuroimmunol 2015; 289:152-61. [PMID: 26616885 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between the nervous system and immune system have been studied extensively. However, the mechanisms underlying the neural regulation of immune activity, particularly the neuroendocrine regulation of immunologic functions, remain elusive. In this review, we provide a comprehensive examination of current evidence on interactions between the immune system and hypothalamic oxytocin-secreting system. We highlight the fact that oxytocin may have significant effects in the body, beyond its classical functions in lactation and parturition. Similar to the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis, the oxytocin-secreting system closely interacts with classical immune system, integrating both neurochemical and immunologic signals in the central nervous system and in turn affects immunologic defense, homeostasis, and surveillance. Lastly, this review explores therapeutic potentials of oxytocin in treating immunologic disorders.
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Assinder SJ, Davies K, Surija J, Liu-Fu F. Oxytocin differentially effects 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 5α-reductase activities in prostate cancer cell lines. Peptides 2015. [PMID: 26211892 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2015.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
It is known that oxytocin stimulates steroidogenesis in several organs by modulating activity of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (HSD3B) and steroid 5α-reductases (SRD5A). However, this has not been established in prostate cancer where these enzymes, key to local production of androgens, are increased. Analysis of both HSD3B and SRD5A activities using a live cell in situ colourimetric assay demonstrated that in PC-3 cells HSD3B activity was significantly increased by oxytocin whilst SRD5A activity was unchanged. This was confirmed in ELISA based assays of conversion of pregnenolone to progesterone and testosterone to dihydrotestosterone in cell lysates following treatment. In contrast, oxytocin significantly inhibited HSD3B activity in LNCaPs, but significantly increased activity of SRD5A, as confirmed by ELISA assays. Analysis of both cell lines by microarray and qRT-PCR determined that these changes were not due to altered gene transcription. This study demonstrates differential effects of oxytocin on the activities of key de novo steroidogenic enzymes in prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Assinder
- Disciplines of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Kathryn Davies
- Disciplines of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Jonathan Surija
- Disciplines of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Frank Liu-Fu
- Disciplines of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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Takahashi T, Asano Y, Ichimura Y, Toyama T, Taniguchi T, Noda S, Akamata K, Tada Y, Sugaya M, Kadono T, Sato S. Amelioration of Tissue Fibrosis by Toll-like Receptor 4 Knockout in Murine Models of Systemic Sclerosis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2014; 67:254-65. [DOI: 10.1002/art.38901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yoshihide Asano
- University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Yohei Ichimura
- University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Tetsuo Toyama
- University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | | | - Shinji Noda
- University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Kaname Akamata
- University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Yayoi Tada
- University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Makoto Sugaya
- University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Takafumi Kadono
- University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Shinichi Sato
- University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
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Zhang Y, Wei L, Yu J, Li G, Zhang X, Wang A, He Y, Li H, Yin D. Targeting of the β6 gene to suppress degradation of ECM via inactivation of the MAPK pathway in breast adenocarcinoma cells. Oncol Rep 2014; 32:1787-95. [PMID: 25176506 PMCID: PMC4203328 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrin ανβ6 has emerged as a potential novel target for anticancer and plays a major role in promoting malignant tumor progression. Recent studies indicate that integrin ανβ6 occurs in many cancers. However, whether and how ανβ6 is regulated by genetic and epigenetic mechanisms in breast cancer remain unknown. In the present study, two different short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) targeting the β6 gene were designed and constructed into pSUPER, respectively, which were transfected into the MCF-7 human breast adenocarcinoma cell line. The β6-shRNA stably transfected cells were successfully established, and significant lower levels of ανβ6 mRNA and protein expression were confirmed. Furthermore, inhibition of integrin ανβ6 markedly downregulated the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) and urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) in tumor conditioned medium. Furthermore, β6-shRNA-mediated silencing of the ανβ6 gene obviously decreased the expression of ERK1/2. In particular, supression of integrin ανβ6 caused significant downregulation of the degradation of basement membrane type IV collagen secretion via modulation of the plasminogen activation cascade. Our results thus indicate that ανβ6 plays a fundamental role in promoting invasion and growth of breast adenocarcinoma cells. Taken together, this study revealed that targeting of the β6 gene by RNA interference (RNAi) could efficiently downregulate ανβ6 expression and suppress the ERK1/2-dependent extracellular matrix degradation in vitro, which is dependent upon inactivation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. These findings may offer a useful therapeutic approach to block invasion and migration of breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Lijing Wei
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Jin Yu
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Guang Li
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Xiuru Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Anliu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Yanjiao He
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Hongli Li
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Deling Yin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
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Imanieh MH, Bagheri F, Alizadeh AM, Ashkani-Esfahani S. Oxytocin has therapeutic effects on cancer, a hypothesis. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 741:112-23. [PMID: 25094035 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2014] [Revised: 07/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT) is the first peptide hormone structurally assessed and chemically synthesized in biologically active form. This hormone acts as an important factor in a human reproductive system particularly during pregnancy and lactation in women. So far, different therapeutic roles for OT have been identified as a spectrum from central and peripheral actions on male and female reproductive systems, circulatory system, musculoskeletal system, etc. Some in vitro and in vivo studies also revealed that OT is responsible for bivariate biological functions involved in cancer as following. By activating OT receptor in tumoral cells, OT enacts as a growth regulator, whether activator or inhibitor. Regarding the increase of OT in some conditions such as breastfeeding, exercise, and multiparity, we can relate the effect of these conditions on cancer with OT effects. Based on this hypothesis, we present a review on the effects of this neuropeptide on various types of cancer and also the influence of these conditions on the same cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fereshte Bagheri
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammad Alizadeh
- Cancer Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 1419733141, Tehran, Iran.
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35
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Menaouar A, Florian M, Wang D, Danalache B, Jankowski M, Gutkowska J. Anti-hypertrophic effects of oxytocin in rat ventricular myocytes. Int J Cardiol 2014; 175:38-49. [PMID: 24852833 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.04.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxytocin (OT) and functional OT receptor (OTR) are expressed in the heart and are involved in blood pressure regulation and cardioprotection. Cardiac OTR signaling is associated with atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and nitric oxide (NO) release. During the synthesis of OT, its precursor, termed OT-Gly-Lys-Arg (OT-GKR), is accumulated in the developing rat heart. Consequently, we hypothesized that an OT-related mechanism of ANP controls cardiomyocyte (CM) hypertrophy. METHODS The experiments were carried out in newborn and adult rat CM cultures. The enhanced protein synthesis and increased CM volume were mediated by a 24-h treatment with endothelin-1 or angiotensin II. RESULTS The treatment of CM with OT or its abundant cardiac precursor, OT-GKR, revealed ANP accumulation in the cell peri-nuclear region and increased intracellular cGMP. Consequently, the CM hypertrophy was abolished by the treatment of 10nM OT or 10nM OT-GKR. The ANP receptor antagonist (anantin) and NO synthases inhibitor (l-NAME) inhibited cGMP production in CMs exposed to OT. STO-609 and compound C inhibition of anti-hypertrophic OT effects in CMs indicated the contribution of calcium-calmodulin kinase kinase and AMP-activated protein kinase pathways. Moreover, in ET-1 stimulated cells, OT treatment normalized the reduced Akt phosphorylation, prevented abundant accumulation of ANP and blocked ET-1-mediated translocation of nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) into the cell nuclei. CONCLUSION cGMP/protein kinase G mediates OT-induced anti-hypertrophic response with the contribution of ANP and NO. OT treatment represents a novel approach in attenuation of cardiac hypertrophy during development and cardiac pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Menaouar
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Laboratory, CRCHUM, Department of Medicine, University of Montreal Quebec, Canada
| | - Maria Florian
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Laboratory, CRCHUM, Department of Medicine, University of Montreal Quebec, Canada
| | - Donghao Wang
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Laboratory, CRCHUM, Department of Medicine, University of Montreal Quebec, Canada
| | - Bogdan Danalache
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Laboratory, CRCHUM, Department of Medicine, University of Montreal Quebec, Canada
| | - Marek Jankowski
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Laboratory, CRCHUM, Department of Medicine, University of Montreal Quebec, Canada
| | - Jolanta Gutkowska
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Laboratory, CRCHUM, Department of Medicine, University of Montreal Quebec, Canada
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Danalache BA, Yu C, Gutkowska J, Jankowski M. Oxytocin-Gly-Lys-Arg stimulates cardiomyogenesis by targeting cardiac side population cells. J Endocrinol 2014; 220:277-89. [PMID: 24403294 DOI: 10.1530/joe-13-0305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The functional oxytocin (OT) system is expressed in the human and rodent hearts. OT stimulates differentiation of cardiac stem cells into contracting cardiomyocytes (CM). In this study, we investigated OT receptors (OTR) expressed in the cells of cardiac side population (SP) and the abilities of these cells to differentiate into CM in response to the treatment with OT-Gly-Lys-Arg (OT-GKR), a dominant and biologically active form of OT, in the fetal rodent heart. Immunocytochemistry of whole rat embryo at mid gestation (E11) revealed parallel staining in the heart of OTR and the ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 (brcp1) antigen the marker of the SP phenotype. Using flow cytometry, the SP cells were selected from the newborn CM stained with Höechst 33342: 5.32%±0.06% of SP and 15.2%±1.10 of main population expressed OTR on the cell surface. The OTR was detected in CD29 (6.6%) and then in CD31 (4.7%) but less frequently in CD45 (0.7%) positive SP cell subpopulations. Specifically, the phenotype of SP CD31- cell, but not SP CD31+ cells, proliferates in the presence of OT-GKR and develops large cell aggregates. Then, OT-GKR treatment induced the apparition of beating cell colonies after 11 days (10±2.78%), which increased until day 16 (52±1.21%). The cells in contractile colonies expressed the markers of a CM phenotype, such as troponin, cardiac myosin light chain-2, and actinin. Finally, SP cells stimulated by OT-GKR induced endothelial phenotype. These results suggest that the C-terminally extended OT molecule stimulates cardiac differentiation of SP CD31- cells and is involved in heart growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan A Danalache
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Carr JC, Sherman SK, Wang D, Dahdaleh FS, Bellizzi AM, O'Dorisio MS, O'Dorisio TM, Howe JR. Overexpression of membrane proteins in primary and metastatic gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors. Ann Surg Oncol 2013; 20 Suppl 3:S739-S746. [PMID: 24114056 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-013-3318-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small bowel and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (SBNETs and PNETs) are rare tumors whose incidence is increasing. Drugs targeting the somatostatin receptor are beneficial in these tumors. To identify additional cell-surface targets, we recently found receptors and membrane proteins with gene expression significantly different from adjacent normal tissues in a small number of primary SBNETs and PNETs. We set out to validate these expression differences in a large group of primary neuroendocrine tumors and to determine whether they are present in corresponding liver and lymph node metastases. METHODS Primary SBNETs and PNETs, normal tissue, nodal, and liver metastases were collected and mRNA expression of six target genes was determined by quantitative PCR. Expression was normalized to GAPDH and POLR2A internal controls, and differences as compared to normal tissue were assessed by Welch's t test. RESULTS Gene expression was determined in 45 primary PNETs with 20 nodal and 17 liver metastases, and 51 SBNETs with 50 nodal and 29 liver metastases. Compared to normal tissue, the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) showed significant overexpression in both primary and metastatic SBNETs and PNETs. Significant overexpression was observed for MUC13 and MEP1B in PNET primary tumors, and for GPR113 in primary SBNETs and their metastases. SCTR and ADORA1 were significantly underexpressed in PNETs and their metastases. OXTR protein expression was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. CONCLUSIONS OXTR is significantly overexpressed relative to normal tissue in primary SBNETs and PNETs, and this overexpression is present in their liver and lymph node metastases, making OXTR a promising target for imaging and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer C Carr
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - Scott K Sherman
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - Donghong Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - Fadi S Dahdaleh
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - Andrew M Bellizzi
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - M Sue O'Dorisio
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - Thomas M O'Dorisio
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - James R Howe
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
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Abstract
The vascular endothelium is a dynamic cellular "organ" that controls passage of nutrients into tissues, maintains the flow of blood, and regulates the trafficking of leukocytes. In tumors, factors such as hypoxia and chronic growth factor stimulation result in endothelial dysfunction. For example, tumor blood vessels have irregular diameters; they are fragile, leaky, and blood flow is abnormal. There is now good evidence that these abnormalities in the tumor endothelium contribute to tumor growth and metastasis. Thus, determining the biological basis underlying these abnormalities is critical for understanding the pathophysiology of tumor progression and facilitating the design and delivery of effective antiangiogenic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Dudley
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA; and McAllister Heart Institute, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
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Deing V, Roggenkamp D, Kühnl J, Gruschka A, Stäb F, Wenck H, Bürkle A, Neufang G. Oxytocin modulates proliferation and stress responses of human skin cells: implications for atopic dermatitis. Exp Dermatol 2013; 22:399-405. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.12155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Verena Deing
- Beiersdorf AG; Research Skin Care; Hamburg; Germany
| | | | - Jochen Kühnl
- Beiersdorf AG; Research Skin Care; Hamburg; Germany
| | | | - Franz Stäb
- Beiersdorf AG; Research Skin Care; Hamburg; Germany
| | - Horst Wenck
- Beiersdorf AG; Research Skin Care; Hamburg; Germany
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Bakos J, Strbak V, Paulikova H, Krajnakova L, Lestanova Z, Bacova Z. Oxytocin receptor ligands induce changes in cytoskeleton in neuroblastoma cells. J Mol Neurosci 2013; 50:462-8. [PMID: 23335033 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-013-9960-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aim of the present study was to evaluate effects of ligands of oxytocin receptors on gene expression of neurofilament proteins (nestin and microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2)) associated with neuronal differentiation and growth factors (brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF)) related to neuronal growth. Fluorescent staining of F-actin was used to observe morphology of cells. Co-treatment with oxytocin and oxytocin receptor antagonist--atosiban--resulted in significant increase of MAP2 gene expression in SK-N-SH cells. There was no effect of oxytocin on gene expression of growth factors BDNF and NGF. Surprisingly, oxytocin with atosiban significantly increased mRNA levels for both BDNF and NGF. Gene expression of vasopressin receptor (V1aR) significantly decreased in response to vasopressin. Atosiban decreased mRNA levels for oxytocin receptor (OXTR) and V1aR. Oxytocin significantly decreased OXTR and nestin mRNA levels and increased mRNA levels for BDNF and NGF in U-87 MG cells. The densest recruitment of F-actin filaments was observed in apical parts of filopodia in SK-N-SH cells incubated in oxytocin presence. Present data demonstrate complex role of ligands of oxytocin receptors in regulation of gene expression of intermediate filaments and thus, oxytocin might be considered as a growth factor in neuronal type of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Bakos
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Vlarska 3, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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41
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Noiseux N, Borie M, Desnoyers A, Menaouar A, Stevens LM, Mansour S, Danalache BA, Roy DC, Jankowski M, Gutkowska J. Preconditioning of stem cells by oxytocin to improve their therapeutic potential. Endocrinology 2012; 153:5361-72. [PMID: 23024264 DOI: 10.1210/en.2012-1402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Principal limitation of cell therapy is cell loss after transplantation because of the interplay between ischemia, inflammation, and apoptosis. We investigated the mechanism of preconditioning of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with oxytocin (OT), which has been proposed as a novel strategy for enhancing therapeutic potential of these cells in ischemic heart. In this study, we demonstrate that rat MSCs express binding sites for OT receptor and OT receptor transcript and protein as detected by RT-PCR and immunofluorescence, respectively. In response to OT (10(-10) to 10(-6) M) treatment, MSCs respond with rapid calcium mobilization and up-regulation of the protective protein kinase B (PKB or Akt) and phospho-ERK1/2 proteins. In OT-stimulated cells, phospho-Akt accumulates intracellularly close to the mitochondrial marker cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4. Functional analyses reveal the involvement of Akt/ERK1/2 pathways in cell proliferation, migration, and protection against the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of hypoxia and serum deprivation. In addition, OT preconditioning increases MSC glucose uptake. Genes with angiogenic, antiapoptotic, and cardiac antiremodeling properties, such as heat shock proteins (hsps) HSP27, HSP32, HSP70, vascular endothelial growth factor, thrombospondin, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1, TIMP-2, TIMP-3, and matrix metalloproteinase-2, were also up-regulated upon OT exposure. Moreover, coculture with OT-preconditioned MSC reduces apoptosis, as measured using terminal transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay in newborn rat cardiomyocytes exposed to hypoxia and reoxygenation. In conclusion, these results indicate that OT treatment evokes MSC protection through both intrinsic pathways and secretion of cytoprotective factors. Ex vivo cellular treatment with OT represents an attractive strategy aimed to maximize the biological and functional properties of effector cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Noiseux
- Centre de Recherche, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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Morris KM, Cao F, Onagi H, Altamore TM, Gamble AB, Easton CJ. Prohormone-substrate peptide sequence recognition by peptidylglycine α-amidating monooxygenase and its reflection in increased glycolate inhibitor potency. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:7015-8. [PMID: 23084901 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Revised: 09/27/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The interactions of nineteen peptide substrates and fifteen analogous peptidomimetic glycolate inhibitors with human peptidylglycine α-amidating monooxygenase (PAM) have been investigated. The substrates and inhibitors are the prohormones of calcitonin and oxytocin and their analogues. PAM both secreted into the medium by and extracted from DMS53 small lung carcinoma cells has been studied. The results show that recognition of the prooxytocin and procalcitonin peptide sequences by the enzyme extends more than four and five amino acid residues, respectively, from their C-termini. This substrate sequence recognition is mirrored by increased inhibitor potency with increased peptide length in the glycolate peptidomimetics. Substitution of the C-terminal penultimate glycine and proline residues of prooxytocin and procalcitonin and their analogues with phenylalanine increases the enzyme binding affinity. However, this changes the binding mode from one that depends on peptide sequence recognition to another primarily determined by the phenylalanine moiety, for both the substrates and analogous glycolate inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M Morris
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Free Radical Chemistry and Biotechnology, Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia
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Abstract
Traditionally associated with female reproduction, oxytocin (OT) was revisited recently and was revealed to have several new roles in the cardiovascular system. Functional OT receptors have been discovered in the rat and human heart, as well as in vascular beds. The cardiovascular activities of OT include: (i) lowering blood pressure; (ii) negative cardiac inotropy and chronotropy; (iii) parasympathetic neuromodulation; (iv) vasodilatation; (v) anti-inflammatory; (vi) antioxidative; and (vii) metabolic effects. These outcomes are mediated, at least in part, by stimulating cardioprotective mediators, such as nitric oxide and atrial natriuretic peptide. OT and its extended form OT-Gly-Lys-Arg have been shown to be abundant in the foetal mouse heart. OT has the capacity to generate cardiomyocytes from various types of stem cells, including the cardiac side population. Mesenchymal cells transfected with OT-Gly-Lys-Arg, or preconditioned with OT, are resistant to apoptosis and express endothelial cell markers. OT increases glucose uptake in cultured cardiomyocytes from newborn and adult rats, in normal, hypoxic and even insulin resistance conditions. In rats with experimentally-induced myocardial infarction, continuous in vivo OT delivery improves the cardiac healing process, as well as cardiac work, reduces inflammation and stimulates angiogenesis. Therefore, in pathological conditions, OT exerts anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective properties, and improves vascular and metabolic functions. Thus, OT has potential for therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gutkowska
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Biochemistry, Centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) - Hôtel-Dieu and Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Effect of Oxytocin on Neuroblastoma Cell Viability and Growth. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2012; 32:891-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-012-9799-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2011] [Accepted: 01/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Cariboni A, Ruhrberg C. The hormone of love attracts a partner for life. Dev Cell 2011; 21:602-4. [PMID: 22014517 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2011.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Neurovascular integration during embryonic development is essential for adult physiology. In this issue of Developmental Cell, Gutnick et al. (2011) report that hypothalamic neurons secrete oxytocin as a guidance cue for endothelial cells to establish their vascular supply-a prerequisite for neuroendocrine secretion from the neurohyophysis in adult life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Cariboni
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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Gutnick A, Blechman J, Kaslin J, Herwig L, Belting HG, Affolter M, Bonkowsky JL, Levkowitz G. The hypothalamic neuropeptide oxytocin is required for formation of the neurovascular interface of the pituitary. Dev Cell 2011; 21:642-54. [PMID: 22014522 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2011.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2011] [Revised: 09/02/2011] [Accepted: 09/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
The hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal system (HNS) is the neurovascular structure through which the hypothalamic neuropeptides oxytocin and arginine-vasopressin exit the brain into the bloodstream, where they go on to affect peripheral physiology. Here, we investigate the molecular cues that regulate the neurovascular contact between hypothalamic axons and neurohypophyseal capillaries of the zebrafish. We developed a transgenic system in which both hypothalamic axons and neurohypophyseal vasculature can be analyzed in vivo. We identified the cellular organization of the zebrafish HNS as well as the dynamic processes that contribute to formation of the HNS neurovascular interface. We show that formation of this interface is regulated during development by local release of oxytocin, which affects endothelial morphogenesis. This cell communication process is essential for the establishment of a tight axovasal interface between the neurons and blood vessels of the HNS. We present a unique example of axons affecting endothelial morphogenesis through secretion of a neuropeptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amos Gutnick
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, P.O. Box 26, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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Pupo E, Pla AF, Avanzato D, Moccia F, Cruz JEA, Tanzi F, Merlino A, Mancardi D, Munaron L. Hydrogen sulfide promotes calcium signals and migration in tumor-derived endothelial cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2011; 51:1765-73. [PMID: 21875664 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2011] [Revised: 08/08/2011] [Accepted: 08/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) is a gasotransmitter that plays several roles in various tissues, including the cardiovascular system. Because it has been recently proposed to act as a mediator of angiogenesis progression, here we investigate the effects of H(2)S in a well-established model of tumor angiogenesis: endothelial cells obtained from human breast carcinoma (B-TECs). Ca(2+) imaging and patch-clamp experiments reveal that acute perfusion with NaHS, a widely employed H(2)S donor, activates cytosolic calcium (Ca(c)) increase, as well as potassium and nonselective cationic currents, in B-TECs. Stimulation with NaHS in the same concentration range (1 nM-200 μM) evoked Ca(c) signals also in "normal" human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs), but the amplitude was significantly lower. Moreover, although NaHS failed to promote either migration or proliferation on HMVECs, B-TEC migration was enhanced at low-micromolar NaHS concentrations (1-10 μM). Remarkably H(2)S mediates tumor proangiogenic signaling triggered by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). B-TECs pretreated with dl-propargylglycine (5mM, 30 min), an inhibitor of the H(2)S-producing enzyme cystathionine γ-lyase, showed drastically reduced migration and Ca(c) signals induced by VEGF (20 ng/ml). We conclude that H(2)S plays a role in proangiogenic signaling of tumor-derived but not normal human ECs. Furthermore the ability of this gasotransmitter to interfere with B-TEC responsiveness to VEGF suggests that it could be an interesting target for antiangiogenic strategies in tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Pupo
- Department of Animal and Human Biology, University of Torino, 10123 Torino, Italy
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Changes in cardiac structure in hypertension produced by placental ischemia in pregnant rats: effect of tumor necrosis factor blockade. J Hypertens 2011; 29:1203-12. [PMID: 21505354 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0b013e3283468392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chronic reduction of uteroplacental perfusion pressure (RUPP) in pregnant rats leads to placental ischemia, maternal endothelial cell dysfunction, hypertension and elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). In this study we investigated the hypothesis that placental ischemia in pregnant rat, a model of preeclampsia, stimulates cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis via a TNF-α-dependent mechanism. METHODS Normal pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats and RUPP rats were evaluated on day 19 of gestation. To test the role of TNF-α in mediating change in the RUPP rat heart, a TNF-α inhibitor, etanercept, was administered on day 18 of gestation at a dose of 0.8 mg/kg, s.c. RESULTS In comparison to normal pregnant rats, RUPP animals display enlarged cardiomyocytes, microvascular rarefaction, fibrosis, apoptosis as well as increased expression of markers of heart hypertrophy and fibrosis. Etanercept (E) treatment prevented enlargement of cardiomyocytes, fibrosis and apoptosis and this was accompanied by significantly lowered blood pressure in RUPP rats. Etanercept treatment lowered expression of mRNA for brain natriuretic peptide, a marker of cardiac hypertrophy. It also heightened expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and its phosphorylation as well as oxytocin receptor identified in cardiac microvessels. TNF-α inhibition prevented microvascular rarefaction in the heart as indicated by augmented CD31, a marker of angiogenesis. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that RUPP leads to microvascular rarefaction in the heart, exaggerated cardiomyocyte size, apoptosis, fibrosis, and the alteration of cardiac gene expression that are modulated by the inflammatory cytokine TNFα.
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Déry MC, Chaudhry P, Leblanc V, Parent S, Fortier AM, Asselin E. Oxytocin increases invasive properties of endometrial cancer cells through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT-dependent up-regulation of cyclooxygenase-1, -2, and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein. Biol Reprod 2011; 85:1133-42. [PMID: 21816851 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.111.093278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, oxytocin (OT) is well known to play a crucial role in the regulation of cyclic changes in the uterus, implantation of the embryo, and parturition. Recently, an additional role for OT has been identified in several types of cancer cells in which OT acts as a growth regulator. In endometrial cancer cells, OT is known to efficiently inhibit cellular proliferation. In the present study, we show that OT increases invasiveness of human endometrial carcinoma (HEC) cells, which are otherwise resistant to the growth-inhibiting effects of OT. Using pharmacological inhibitors, invasion assay, RNA interference, and immunofluorescence, we found that OT enhances the invasive properties of HEC cells through up-regulation of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), matrix-metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), and matrix-metalloproteinase 14 (MMP14). In addition, we show that OT-mediated invasion is both cyclooxygenase 1 (PTGS1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (PTGS2) dependent via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT (PIK3/AKT) pathway. PTGS2 knockdown by shRNA resulted in XIAP down-regulation. We also show that OT receptor is overexpressed in grade I to III endometrial cancer. Taken together, our results describe for the first time a novel role for OT in endometrial cancer cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Claude Déry
- Research Group in Molecular Oncology and Endocrinology, Department of Chemistry and Biology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
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Olszewski PK, Fredriksson R, Eriksson JD, Mitra A, Radomska KJ, Gosnell BA, Solvang MN, Levine AS, Schiöth HB. Fto colocalizes with a satiety mediator oxytocin in the brain and upregulates oxytocin gene expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 408:422-6. [PMID: 21514276 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2011] [Accepted: 04/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene have been associated with obesity in humans. Alterations in Fto expression in transgenic animals affect body weight, energy expenditure and food intake. Fto, a nuclear protein and proposed transcription co-factor, has been speculated to affect energy balance through a functional relationship with specific genes encoding feeding-related peptides. Herein, we employed double immunohistochemistry and showed that the majority of neurons synthesizing a satiety mediator, oxytocin, coexpress Fto in the brain of male and female mice. We then overexpressed Fto in a murine hypothalamic cell line and, using qPCR, detected a 50% increase in the level of oxytocin mRNA. Expression levels of several other feeding-related genes, including neuropeptide Y (NPY) and Agouti-related protein (AgRP), were unaffected by the FTO transfection. Addition of 10 and 100 nmol oxytocin to the cell culture medium did not affect Fto expression in hypothalamic cells. We conclude that Fto, a proposed transcription co-factor, influences expression of the gene encoding a satiety mediator, oxytocin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel K Olszewski
- Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden.
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